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Senator Iosephus McCarthy, eponymus demagogus Americanus.
Maccarthismus[1] (Anglice McCarthyism[2]) est usus accusationum seditionis vel perduellionis comparandarum et constituendarum sine apta indiciorum cura. Vocabulum etiam significat 'usum affirmationum iniquarum factitandarum vel usum iniquarum rationum investigatoriarum vel interrogatoriarum, praecipue ad dissensionem vel reprehensionem civilem restringendam.'[3] Verbum ex aetate in Civitatibus Foederatis ortum est quae Terror Ruber appellari solebat, ab 1950 ad 1956 fere durans, cuius proprietas fuit amplificata repressio politica communistarum, cum propagandis metus eorum potentiae in institutionibus Americanis et in speculatione a procuratoribus Sovieticis effecta. McCarthyismus, vocabulum primum excogitatum ad studia contra communismum reprehendenda Senatoris Iosephi McCarthy, Republicani Visconsiniensis, latiorem significationem mox habebat, nimia conatuum similium describens. Vocabulum McCarthyism nunc generatim adhibetur ad accusationes temerarias et vanas ac ad demagogicos impetus in indoles vel amorem patriae adversariorum politicorum describendos.
U.S. anti-Communist literature of the 1950s, specifically addressing the entertainment industry.
Per aetatem Maccarthisticam milia Americanorum, communismi adiuvandi accusati, res investigationum et interrogationum hostilium ante consilia rei publicae et industriorum privatorum facti sunt. Primi tales suspecti erant conducti rei publicae, opifices in industria oblectationis, educatores, et agitatores collegiorum opificum. Contra indicia ancipitia vel dubia investigatores suspicionibus saepe credebant, gradusque minationis per sinistras consociationes vel fides putatas saepe magnopere augebantur. Multi homines quaestum vel curriculum amiserunt; nonnulli in carcerem coniecti sunt, vel etiam sibi mortem consciverunt. Plurimae harum poenarum evenerunt per condemnatorias sententias deinde eversas,[4] leges deinde non constitutionales a curiis declaratas,[5] dimissiones ob causas deinde contra leges declaratas,[6] vel actionabiles,[7] vel modos operandi extra leges qui ad ultimum infames viderentur.
I. Edgar Hoover anno 1961.
Notissima exempla Maccarthismi sunt orationes, investigationes, et senatoriales cognitiones ipsius senatoris McCarthy; proscriptio Ruscisilvestris, cum cognitionibus a Consilio Agitationum Non Americanarum Camerae Repraesentativorum habitis; et variae agitationes contra communismum a Ministerio Investigationis Foederali effectae, Ioanne Edgaro Hoover duce. McCarthyismus fuit lata et alta societatis et culturae res, quae omnia hominum strata afficiebat, fonsque erat multae dissensionis acris in Civitatibus Foederatis.
Notabiles victimae Maccarthismi[recensere | fontem recensere]
Nonnulli ex clarissimis hominibus proscriptis vel homines qui aliam insectationem per aetatem Maccarthismi patiebantur infra perscribuntur:
Lucille Ball, histrio, ostentatrix, et administrator studii pellicularum.[9]
Alvah Bessie, Legio Abrahami Lincoln, scriptor, scriptor actorum, scriptor ludorum pellicularum, Decemviri Ruscisilvenses
Elmer Bernstein, compositor et conductor[10]
Leonardus Bernstein, conductor, clavilista, compositor[11]
David Bohm, physicus et philosophus[12]
Bertoldus Brecht, poeta, fabularum scriptor, scriptor ludorum pellicularum
Archibaldus Brown, Legio Abrahami Lincoln, veteranus Belli Orbis Terrarum II vet, dux unionis[13]
Esther Brunauer, ex Parte Civitatis eiecta[14]
Ludovicus Buñuel, director et productor pellicularum[15]
Carolus Chaplin, histrio et director[16]
Eduardus Dmytryk, director, Decemviri Ruscisilvenses
Gulielmus Eduardus Burghardt Du Bois, activista pro iuribus civilibus et auctor[22]
Georgius A. Eddy, oeconomus Harvardianus et rationum argentariarum Aerarii Civitatum Foederatarum peritus[23]
Folium murale a Keep America Committee Maio 1955 prolata, lectoribus suadens ut ei "rectionem mundi communisticam pugnent" per programmata salutis publicae reicienda.
Iosephus N. Welch (laeva) et Senator McCarthy, 9 Iunii 1954.
Albertus Einstein, physicus qui Praemium Nobelianum accepit, philosophus, mathematicus, agitator[24]
Leo Feuchtwanger, scriptor mythistoriarum et scriptor scaenicus[27]
Carolus Foreman, auctor High Noon
Allen Ginsberg, poeta Aetatis Prostratae
Elizabetha Hawes, designator vestitus, auctor, activista iurum parium[29]
Lillian Hellman, scriptor ludorum scaenicorum[17]
Dorothea Healey, ordinator collegii opificum, magistratus Factionum Communisticarum Civitatum Foederatarum[30]
Langston Hughes, scriptor, poeta, scriptor ludorum scaenicorum[17]
Garson Kanin, scriptor et director[17]
Otto Klemperer, conductor et compositor[34]
Gypsy Rose Lee, histrio et denudator[17]
Cornelius Lanczos, mathematicus et physicus[35]
Ring Lardner Jr., scriptor ludorum scaenicorum, Decemviri Ruscicilvenses
Arthurus Laurents, scriptor ludorum scaenicorum[19]
Albertus Maltz, scriptor ludorum scaenicorum, Decemviri Ruscicilvenses
Henricus Mann, mythistoriarum scriptor[37]
Thomas Mann, mythistoriarum scriptor et commentator qui Praemium Nobelianum accepit[37]
Arthurus Miller, scriptor ludorum et commentator[17]
Iessica Mitford, auctor et muckraker quae testificari in Congressu recusavit
Demetrius Mitropoulos, conductor, clavilista, compositor[38]
Iosephus Needham, biochemicus sinologus, historicus scientiae
I. Robertus Oppenheimer, physicus, director Propositi Manhatensis[39]
Dorothea Parker, scriptrix, humorista[17]
Linus Pauling, chemicus, praemia Nobeliana chemiae et pacis[40]
Al Richmond, ordinator collegiorum opificum, editor[42]
Martinus Ritt, histrio, director[43]
Paulus Robeson, histrio, athleta, cantor, scriptor, agitator politicus[44]
Eduardus G. Robinson, histrio[17]
Waldo Salt, scriptor scaenarius[45]
Petrus Seeger, cantor vulgaris, compositor carminum[17]
Arthurus Shaw, musicus iazzensis, dux grexis, auctor[17]
Gulielmus L. Shirer, scriptor actorum, auctor[47]
Dirk Jan Struik, mathematicus, historicus mathematicae[49]
Paulus Sweezy, oeconomus et conditor-editor Monthly Review[50]
Carolus W. Thayer, legatus[51]
Dalton Trumbo, scriptor ludorum scaenicorum, Decemviri Ruscisilvenses
Samuel Wanamaker, histrio, director, qui Globe Theatre Londinii refecit
Orson Welles, histrio, scriptor, director pellicularum
Eugenius Weltfish, anthropologus ab Universitate Columbiae amotus[53]
Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]
↑ Haec appellatio a Vicipaediano e lingua indigena in sermonem Latinum conversa est. Extra Vicipaediam huius locutionis testificatio vix inveniri potest.
↑ Herbertus Block (aka Herblock) vocabulum McCarthyism Anglice primum publicavit in adumbratione in Washington Post die 29 Martii 1950 edita. Aliis linguis variatim; cf. Cechice Mccarthismus
↑ Definitio plenior in hoc dictionario interretiali inveniri potest.
↑ Exempli gratia, Yates v. United States (1957) et Watkins v. United States (1957) (Fried 1997:205, 207).
↑ Exempli gratia, "Levering Oath" lex Californiensis, non constitutionalis anno 1967 declarata (Fried 1997:124).
↑ Exempli gratia, Slochower v. Board of Education (1956) (Fried 1997:203).
↑ Exempli gratia, Faulk vs. AWARE Inc., et al. (1962) (Fried 1997:197).
↑ Publicatio post contactum Ministerii Investigationis Foederalis prohibitum (Horvath 2005:84).
↑ Investigata a Ministerio Investigationis Foederali et ad HUAC vocata quia nomen anno 1936 fautor communista datum erat: Lucille Ball, FBI Records: The Vault, vault.fbi.gov (Federal Bureau of Investigation).
↑ In Hollywood proscriptio griseo: "Composer Elmer Bernstein Dead at 82". Associated Press. msnbc.com. August 19, 2004 .
↑ Quaestus amissus, deportatus (Wang 1999:277–278).
↑ In carcerem coniectus; Actum Landrum-Griffin prospere reiecit: "Obituary", New York Times, 25 Novembris 1990.
↑ "McCarthy Target Ousted". 21 Novembris 1952 .
↑ Buhle et Wagner 2003a.
↑ A gregibus anticommunisticis vexatus; reditus in Civitates Foederatas prohibitus cum iter peregre faciebat (Lev 1999:159).
↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 In Red Channels proscriptione artificium et ludionum (Schrecker 2002:244).
↑ In sua professione proscriptus, sibi mortem conscivit anno 1959 (Bosworth 1998).
↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 The Authentic History Center: Red Channels, The Blacklist.
↑ In proscriptione Ruscicilvestre: Buhle et Wagner 2003:105.
↑ A gregibus anticommunisticis vexata; reditus in Civitates Foederatas prohibitus cum iter peregre faciebat, ergo prohibita ne in pellicula Broken Lance ageret (Ramón 1997:44).
↑ Delatus sub Foreign Agents Registration Act (Du Bois 1968).
↑ Fred Jerome, The Einstein File: J. Edgar Hoover's Secret War against the World's Most Famous Scientist (Novi Eboraci: St. Martin's Press, 2002), ISBN 0312288565.
↑ Jan Herman, A Talent for Trouble: The Life of Hollywood's Most Acclaimed Director, William Wyler (Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Da Capo, 1995), ISBN 030680798X.
↑ Proscriptus, tres menses in carcerem coniectus ob contemptum Congressus: Sabin 1999:75.
↑ Stephan Alexander, Überwacht: Ausgebürgert: Exiliert: Schriftsteller und der Staat (Bielefeld: Aisthesis Verlag, 2007), 36–52, ISBN 9783895286346.
↑ In proscriptione Ruscisilvestre: Buhle et Wagner 2003:31.
↑ Dennis McLellan, "Dorothy Healey Lifelong Communist Fought for Workers", Los Angeles Times, 8 Augusti 2006.
↑ "Theodore Kaghan, 77; Was in Foreign Service," New York Times, 11 Augusti 1989.
↑ Freedom of Information/Privacy Act Section. "Subject: Danny Kaye". Federal Bureau of Investigation .
↑ Keith Haynes (2003), "Benjamin Keen 1913–2002," Hispanic American Historical Review 83(2):357–359.
↑ Peter Heyworth, Otto Klemperer: Vol. 2, 1933-1973: His Life and Times (Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 9780521244886).
↑ Louis Komzsik, The Lanczos Method: Evolution and Application (SIAM, 2003), 79.
↑ Proscriptus et otiosus, sibi mortem anno 1955 conscivit (Fried 1990:156.
↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Alexander Stephan, Im Visier des FBI: deutsche Exilschriftsteller in den Akten amerikanischer Geheimdienste (Metzler, 1995, ISBN 3476013812).
↑ Security clearance withdrawn (Schrecker 2002:41).
↑ Commeatus diploma identidem denegatum: Thompson et Viruleg 1992.
↑ Dean 2001:65, 127, 140.
↑ Laudatio, New York Times, 9 Novembris 1987.
↑ Buhle et Wagner 2003:18.
↑ Proscriptus, commeatus diploma revocatum: Marable, McMillian, et Frazier 2003:559.
↑ Buhle et Wagner 2003:208.
↑ New York Times: Herbert Mitgang, "William L. Shirer, Author, Is Dead at 89."
↑ Lawrence Van Gelder, "Lionel Stander Dies at 86; Actor Who Defied Blacklist," New York Times, 2 Decembris 1994.
↑ G. Alberts et W. T. van Est, "Leevensbericht Dirk Jan Struik," Huygens Institute - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 7.
↑ Citatus testis ab Attorney General Novae Hantoniae, delatus ob contemptum curiae: M. J. Heale, McCarthy's Americans: Red Scare Politics in State and Nation, 1935–1965 (University of Georgia Press, 1998. ISBN 0820320269), 73.
↑ Robert D. Dean, Imperial Brotherhood: Gender and the Making of Cold War Foreign Policy (Amherst, Massachusettae: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001), 141–144.
↑ Commeatus diploma rescissum, in carcere coniectus: Iris Chang, Thread of the Silkworm (Basic Books, ISN 0465006787).
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Buckley, William F. 1977. A Hymnal: The Controversial Arts. G. P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0399122273.
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Buhle, Paul, et David Wagner. 2003a. Blacklisted: The Film Lover's Guide to the Hollywood Blacklist. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 140396145X.
Buhle, Paul, et David Wagner. 2003b. Hide in Plain Sight: The Hollywood Blacklistees in Film and Television, 1950–2002. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1403961441.
Byman, Jeremy. 2004. Showdown at High Noon: Witch-hunts, Critics, and the End of the Western. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810849984.
Caute, David. 1978. The Great Fear: The Anti-Communist Purge Under Truman and Eisenhower. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0671226827.
Cox, John Stuart, et Athan G. Theoharis. 1988. The Boss: J. Edgar Hoover and the Great American Inquisition. Philadelphiae: Temple University Press. ISBN 087722532X.
Craig, R. Bruce. 2004. Treasonable Doubt. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 9780700613113.
Dean, Robert D. 2002. The Imperial Brotherhood: Gender and the Making of Cold War Foreign Policy. University of Massachusetts Press.
D'Emilio, John. 1998. Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities. Ed. 2a. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226142671.
Doherty, Thomas. 2005. Cold War, Cool Medium: Television, McCarthyism, and American Culture. Columbia University Press. ISBN 023112953X.
Du Bois, W. E. B. 1968. The Autobiography of W. E. B. Du Bois. International Publishers. ISBN 0717802345.
Evans, M. Stanton. 2007. Blacklisted by History: The Untold Story of Senator Joe McCarthy and His Fight Against America's Enemies. Crown Publishing. ISBN 140008105X.
Fried, Albert. 1997. McCarthyism, The Great American Red Scare: A Documentary History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195097017.
Fried, Richard M. 1990. Nightmare in Red: The McCarthy Era in Perspective. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195043618.
Griffith, Robert. 1970. The Politics of Fear: Joseph R. McCarthy and the Senate. University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 0870235559.
Haynes, John Earl. 2000. Red Scare or Red Menace?: American Communism and Anti Communism in the Cold War Era. Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 1566630916.
Haynes, John Earl, et Harvey Klehr. 2000. Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300084625.
Haynes, John Earl, et Harvey Klehr. 2003. In Denial: Historians, Communism, and Espionage. Encounter. ISBN 193554724.
Herman, Herman. 2000. Joseph McCarthy: Reexamining the Life and Legacy of America’s Most Hated Senator. The Free Press. ISBN 0684836254.
Hillstrom, Kevin. 2011. McCarthyism and the Communist Threat. Detroiti: Omnigraphics. ISBN 9780780811843.
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Lichtman, Robert M. 2012. The Supreme Court and McCarthy-Era Repression: One Hundred Decisions. Urbanae Illinoesiae: University of Illinois Press.
Malaspina, Ann. 2011. The McCarthy era: Communists in America. Novi Eborci: Chelsea House. ISBN 9781604137651.
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Price, David H. 2004. Threatening Anthropology: McCarthyism and the FBI's Surveillance of Activist Anthropologists. Duke University Press.
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Schrecker, Ellen. 1994. The Age Of McCarthyism: A Brief History with Documents. Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0312083491.
Schrecker, Ellen. 1998. Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America. Little, Brown. ISBN 0316774707.
Schrecker, Ellen. 2002. The Age of McCarthyism: A Brief History with Documents. Ed. 2a. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0312294255.
Stephan, Alexander. 1995. Im Visier des FBI: deutsche Exilschriftsteller in den Akten amerikanischer Geheimdienste. Metzler. ISBN 3476013812.
Stone, Geoffrey R. 2004. Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the War on Terrorism. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0393058808.
Storrs, Landon R. Y. 2013. The Second Red Scare and the Unmaking of the New Deal Left. Princetoniae Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press.
Streitmatter, Rodger. 1998. Mightier Than the Sword: How the News Media Have Shaped American History. Westview Press. ISBN 0813332117.
Thompson, Gail, et R. Andrew Viruleg. 1992. Linus Pauling. Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation.
Trotter, William R. 1995. Priest of Music: The Life of Dimitri Mitropoulos. Amadeus Press. ISBN 0931340810.
Wang, Jessica. 1999. American Science in an Age of Anxiety: scientists, anticommunism, & the cold war. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807824474.
Weinstein, Allen, et Alexander Vassiliev. 2000. The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America—The Stalin Era. Modern Library. ISBN 0375755365.
Weir, Robert E. 2007. Class in America: An Encyclopedia. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313337209.
Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]
Vicicitatio habet citationes quae ad Iosephum McCarthy spectant.
Badash, Lawrence. 2007. Science in the McCarthy Period: Training Ground for Scientists as Public Citizens. Oregon State University
Beyer, Mary, et Michael Beyer. 2006. McCarthyism Today. International Journal of Baudrillard Studies, Ianuario.
McCarthyism / The "Red Scare." Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum, and Boyhood Home. Dwight D. Eisenhower Online Documents.
Rusher, William A. 2004. A Closer Look Under The Bed. Claremont Review of Books. Textus.
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