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Slovenian refugees after the end of world war II
Testimonies and legacy of time
Jože Strah was born in 1944 in the settlement of Ločica pri Vranskem. With vivid words, a rich memory, a critical assessment of social developments and drawing on his personal experiences, he takes us back in time to World War II and the period of socialism. As he writes in his recollections, “the post-war period was marked by many anomalies that fell on the shoulders of an impoverished population unknown to the present time. Life was very modest, or, to use a better term, miserable. As there was no money, people resorted to austerity at every turn, in some places even to the point of starvation.” His experiences will revive many people’s memories of the socialist times which Slovenia experienced for decades after the War.
France Habjan was born in 1924 in Ljubljana. In 1942, when he was 18 years old, he was sent to the Gonars camp. Upon his return, he joined the civic guards and after the capitulation of Italy he joined the Home Guard. After the War, he made his way to Austrian Carinthia and then fled to save himself from being returned to Yugoslavia with other Home Guard soldiers. He left the Lienz camp for Italy. In 1955, he moved with his wife and son to Toronto, where whey settled.
Expert Symposium – THE THOUGHTS ON AN AUTONOMOUS AND INDEPENDENT SLOVENIA AMONG THE SLOVENIAN EMIGRANTS
Expert symposium titled The Thoughts on an Autonomous and Independent Slovenia Among the Slovenian Emigrants reveals through the prism of Slovenian political programmes in the Slovenian communities in the neighbouring countries and worldwide the directions of the development of Slovenian statehood that emerged among the emigrants after the end of World War II. It presents the parallels and divergences of the emerging programmes and their interactions as well as the reverberations in the homeland. Examining the activities of individuals and numerous Slovenian communities who significantly influenced the development of Slovenian independence, we learn about the actions of the post-war political emigrant communities in the light of the development of the idea of an autonomous, independent and sovereign state of Slovenia.
Anica Rahne (born Kožuh) was born in 1933 in Šujica (Dobrova near Ljubljana). There were nine children in the family. During the Italian occupation, the father and the oldest brother were sent to internment on the island of Rab and to other Italian camps. Two brothers disappeared in the post-war massacres and the father was imprisoned in Kočevje for four months after the War. Around that time, Anica learned to be a seamstress and got a job at the salon of Mrs. Škabar, a renowned fashion seamstress. The wives of Slovenian political figures, including Nada Vidmar and Pepca Kardelj, visited the salon. Anica recalls many shocking events from her parish that occurred during and after the War. Her optimism and deep faith helped her to survive life’s severe trials, from which she emerged richer and stronger.
There were fifteen children in the Žužek family, two of whom died immediately after birth. Four of the brothers joined the Jesuits, two of them later left. The father worked in the public administration and was an opponent of Communism. The family left Slovenia on 5 May 1945 thinking that they would return in fourteen days. They journeyed from Austria to various camps in Italy and on 5 May 1948, exactly three years after they left home, they sailed to Argentina to make a new life for themselves.
Ivan Žnidar was born in 1920 in Suhadole near Komenda. In March 1943, he was mobilised to the German Army. More precisely, he was sent to Germany for military training. After a fortnight, the mobilised were sent to Dijon in France, south of Paris, where they had military exercises. Then, they were sent back to Germany. He was supposed to go to the eastern front, but he asked for the leave that was due to him and so he went home instead. One night, he was visited by partisans and invited to join them. Ivan made an excuse saying he was not fit to be a soldier. He returned to Germany to his unit and was then sent to Greece. When the War ended, he surrendered to the Greek partisans, together with some French mobilised soldiers. After the arrival of the British, the boys were transported to Italy. He lived in several camps in southern Italy until he left for Argentina in 1948.
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We collect and study documents, stories and memories from witnesses of that time; publish research and collected testimonies; organise consultations and discussions on the topic of Slovenian history in the 20th century.
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Historical outline and testimonies
Slovenian refugees after the end of world war II