Souvlaki
{{Infobox food
| name             = Souvlaki
| image            = Souvlaki in Athens.JPG
| image_size       = 250px
| caption          = Souvlaki ba Athens, mega dikelala dia enggau nama kalamaki
| alternate_name   = cetsyvlaki
| country          = {{GRC}}
| region           = {{GRC}}
| national_cuisine = [[Pemakai Gerika]]
| creator          = 
| course           = 
| type             = Pemakai jampat
| served           = 
| main_ingredient  = Mayuh macham dagin, herba, rempah enggau utai peram
| variations       = 
| calories         = 
| other            = 
}}

'''Souvlaki''' ({{Langx|el|σουβλάκι}}, {{Lang|el-Latn|souvláki}}, [suˈvlaci]; tukuh mayuh: {{Lang|el|σουβλάκια}}, {{Lang|el-Latn|souvlákia}})  iya nya pemakai jampat bansa Gerika ti digaga ari dagin ti mit sereta kekadang sayur ti dipanggang ba tusuk.  Selalu iya diempa terus ari tusuk lebuh agi angat.  Iya tau diberi enggau tauka dalam pita ti digulung, biasa iya enggau limau, sos, sayur baka tomato enggau bawang ti diiris, sereta kentang goreng nyadika lauk. Dagin ti suah dikena ungkup pemakai tu ba menua [[Gerika]] enggau Cyprus nya dagin babi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themediterraneandish.com/pork-souvlaki/#:~:text=Souvlaki%20is%20traditionally%20made%20with,,%20onions,%20eggplant%20and%20zucchini.|website=The Mediterranean Dish|title=Greek Pork Souvlaki (Souvlaki Recipe)|first=Marilena|last=Leavitt}}</ref>

== Asal nama ==
Leka jaku ''souvlaki'' nya diminutif lek jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan souvla ({{Lang|grc|σούβλα}} reti iya "tusuk") ti ditinjau ari leka jaku Latin {{Lang|la|subula}}.<ref>[[Georgios Babiniotis]], [[Babiniotis dictionary|Λεξικό της Νεας Ελληνικής Γλώσσας]], ''s.v.''; Andriotis et al., Λεξικό της Κοινής Νεοελληνικής, [http://www.greek-language.gr/greekLang/modern_greek/tools/lexica/triantafyllides/search.html?lq=%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9 ''s.v.'' σουβλάκι], [http://www.greek-language.gr/greekLang/modern_greek/tools/lexica/triantafyllides/search.html?lq=%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B1 ''s.v.'' σούβλα] </ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sophocles|2004|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=k3YDBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1000 1000]}}</ref> "Souvlaki" nya leka jaku ti suah dikena ba Masedonia enggau kandang menua utara Gerika, lalu ba kandang menua selatan Dagin ti suah dikena ba ihens, pemakai tu dikumbai enggau nama ''kalamaki'' ({{Lang|el|καλαμάκι}} ti mai reti "buluh mit").

== Sejarah ==
[[Fail:Akrotiri_terracotta_firedogs_with_zoomorphic_finials.jpg|thumb|Alai pemegai lidi, abad ke-]]
Nitihka budaya Gerika, pengawa nyumai pemakai ngena lidi udah bisi kenyau Jeman Gansa.<ref name="Hruby">{{harvnb|Hruby|2017|loc="Souvlaki trays", pp. 23–25}}</ref> Pengawa ngali ba Santorini, [[Gerika]], udah nemu set perengka batu dikena orang asal pulau nya manduk sebedau gunung beapi ba Thera meletup maya abad ke-17 BC; souvlaki nyadi "pemakai tebilang Santorini kenyau 2000 BC."<ref>{{Cite web|website=Greek Is|url=http://www.greece-is.com/prehistoric-gastronomy-2/|title=Prehistoric Gastronomy: Dietary habits of a long-lost era|first=Tassoula|last=Eptakili|date=9 October 2015}}</ref> Ba perengka manduk ti digaga ari batu nya, bisi lekuk ti dipelaba kena nan lidi sereta siti taris lubang ba tapak ngambika udara tau tama ngagai arang.<ref>[[commons:File:Akrotiri_terracotta_firedogs_with_zoomorphic_finials.jpg|Utilitarian terracotta object, Museum of Cycladic Culture, Akrotiri excavation artifacts, Santorini, Cyclades, Hellas (Greece)]]. </ref>

Ba Gerika Mycenae, "dulang souvlaki" udah ditemu ba Gla, Mycenae, enggau Pylos. "Dulang souvlaki" (tauka perengka panggang ti tau dikalih) dikena orang Gerika Mycenae nya chuan seramik betukuh segi empat ti diengkah baruh lidi dagin nya.<ref name="Hruby" /> Enda ditentuka dulang-dulang nya diengkah terus ngagai api tauka dulang nya dikena engkah arang angat baka lubang barbeku ti ulih dikalih.<ref name="Hruby" /> Perengka tu bisi mengkang dikena dalam Jeman Besi Tumu. <ref name="Hruby" />Dalam litericha Gerika, Homer dalam Iliad (1.465) bisi nyebut keping dagin ti dipanggang ba alai nya mega disebut dalam pengawa Aristophanes, <ref>Aristophanes. ''Acharnians'' 1007, ''Clouds'' 178, ''Wasps'' 354, ''Birds'' 388, 672. </ref>Xenophon,<ref>Xenophon. ''Hellenica'', HG3.3.7. </ref> Aristotle,<ref>Aristotle. ''Politics'', 1324b19. </ref> sereta ke bukai.<ref>Homer. ''Iliad'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+1.465&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134 1.465]. </ref><ref>{{harvnb|Wright|1999|p=333}}.Harvnb. </ref> Dalam Jaku Gerika Klasik endur manduk nya dikumbai {{Lang|grc|ὀβελίσκος}}(obeliskos), lalu Aristolalunes bisi mega nyebut alai nya bisi dikena mangang.<ref>Aristophanes. ''Acharnians'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Aristoph.+Ach.+1007&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0240 1007]. </ref>

Ba Empayar Byzantin, pengarang Gerika ti nulis bup ''Prodromic Poems'' (4.231) bisi nyebut "kedai dagin angat" Constantinople ti nyual dagin pangang ti diputung sebaka enggau souvlaki dikelala enggau nama psenasis souglitarea.<ref>{{harvnb|Dalby|2010|pp=70, 225}}.Harvnb. </ref>

''Souvlaki'' jeman moden bisi diterang Gustave Flaubert, siku pejalai ari menua Peranchis, ti meratika orang Gerika "mangang keping dagin ti ditusuk enggau lidi buluh" lebuh iya ngabas kandang pelilih menua Boeotia ba selatan Gerika Tengah maya taun 1850.<ref name="Street Foods">{{harvnb|Matalas|Yannakoulia|2000|loc=p. 6 including footnote 8}}.Harvnb</ref> Taja pia, souvlaki jeman moden enda mayuh diagih ba serata Gerika nyentuka [[Perang Dunya Kedua|Perang Dunya II]] udah tembu.<ref name="Street Foods" /> Souvlaki ke dipantai nyadi pemakai jampat berengkah mayuh dijual kena taun 1960-an, pengudah diberi kelala bala vendor ari Boeotia.<ref name="Street Foods" /> Guna keterubah leka jaku ''souvlaki'' dalam [[Jaku Inggeris|jaku English]] iya nya ba taun 1942.<ref name="Webster">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/souvlaki|website=Merriam-Webster|title=Souvlaki}}</ref>

== Penyanding ==

=== Penerang diambi ===
{{reflist|2}}

=== Bunsu rama enggau disebut ===

* {{Cite book |last=Bonanos |first=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXN1AQAAQBAJ |title=Gods, Heroes, and Philosophers: A Celebration of all Things Greek |publisher=Citadel Press (Kensington Publishing Corp.) |year=2005 |isbn=9780806536811 |location=New York}}
* {{Cite book |last=Dalby |first=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e5vRwQEACAAJ |title=Tastes of Byzantium |publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co. Limited |year=2010 |isbn=9781848851658 |location=London and New York}}
* {{Cite book |last=Gold |first=David L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l015C5vm1XkC |title=Studies in Etymology and Etiology With Emphasis on Germanic, Jewish, Romance and Slavic Languages |publisher=Universidad de Alicante |year=2009 |isbn=9788479085179 |location=San Vincente de Raspeig}}
* {{Cite book |last=Hruby |first=Julie |url=https://www.academia.edu/38114544 |title=From Cooking Vessels to Cultural Practices in the Late Bronze Age Aegean |publisher=Oxbow Books |year=2017 |isbn=9781785706325 |editor-last=Hruby |editor-first=Julie |location=Oxford and Philadelphia |pages=15–26 |chapter=3 Finding haute cuisine: Identifying shifts in food styles from cooking vessels |editor-last2=Trusty |editor-first2=Debra}}
* {{Cite book |last=Liddell |first=Henry George |url=https://archive.org/details/b31364949_0002 |title=A Greek-English Lexicon |last2=Scott |first2=Robert |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1940 |location=Oxford}}
* {{Cite book |last=Matalas |first=Antonia-Leda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQgwVl22fXkC |title=Street Foods |last2=Yannakoulia |first2=Mary |publisher=Karger |year=2000 |isbn=9783805569279 |editor-last=Simopoulos |editor-first=Artemis P. |editor-link=Artemis Simopoulos |location=Basel (Switzerland) |pages=1‒24 |chapter=Greek Street Food Vending: An Old Habit Turned New |editor-last2=Bhat |editor-first2=Ramesh Venkataramana}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sophocles |first=Evangelinus Apostolides |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k3YDBwAAQBAJ |title=Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods (From B. C. 146 to A. D. 1100) |publisher=Pelekanos Books |year=2004 |isbn=9789604007257 |location=Athens}}
* {{Cite book |last=Wright |first=Clifford A. |url=https://archive.org/details/mediterraneanfea00wrig |title=A Mediterranean Feast |publisher=William Morrow |year=1999 |isbn=9780688153052 |location=New York |url-access=registration}}

== Lambar web ke bukai ==

*  
Souvlaki (, , [suˈvlaci]; tukuh mayuh: , )  iya nya pemakai jampat bansa Gerika ti digaga ari dagin ti mit sereta kekadang sayur ti dipanggang ba tusuk.  Selalu iya diempa terus ari tusuk lebuh agi angat.  Iya tau diberi enggau tauka dalam pita ti digulung, biasa iya enggau limau, sos, sayur baka tomato enggau bawang ti diiris, sereta kentang goreng nyadika lauk. Dagin ti suah dikena ungkup pemakai tu ba menua Gerika enggau Cyprus nya dagin babi.

 Asal nama 
Leka jaku souvlaki nya diminutif lek jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan souvla ( reti iya "tusuk") ti ditinjau ari leka jaku Latin .Georgios Babiniotis, Λεξικό της Νεας Ελληνικής Γλώσσας, s.v.; Andriotis et al., Λεξικό της Κοινής Νεοελληνικής, s.v. σουβλάκι, s.v. σούβλα  "Souvlaki" nya leka jaku ti suah dikena ba Masedonia enggau kandang menua utara Gerika, lalu ba kandang menua selatan Dagin ti suah dikena ba ihens, pemakai tu dikumbai enggau nama kalamaki ( ti mai reti "buluh mit").

 Sejarah 
thumb|Alai pemegai lidi, abad ke-
Nitihka budaya Gerika, pengawa nyumai pemakai ngena lidi udah bisi kenyau Jeman Gansa. Pengawa ngali ba Santorini, Gerika, udah nemu set perengka batu dikena orang asal pulau nya manduk sebedau gunung beapi ba Thera meletup maya abad ke-17 BC; souvlaki nyadi "pemakai tebilang Santorini kenyau 2000 BC." Ba perengka manduk ti digaga ari batu nya, bisi lekuk ti dipelaba kena nan lidi sereta siti taris lubang ba tapak ngambika udara tau tama ngagai arang.Utilitarian terracotta object, Museum of Cycladic Culture, Akrotiri excavation artifacts, Santorini, Cyclades, Hellas (Greece). 

Ba Gerika Mycenae, "dulang souvlaki" udah ditemu ba Gla, Mycenae, enggau Pylos. "Dulang souvlaki" (tauka perengka panggang ti tau dikalih) dikena orang Gerika Mycenae nya chuan seramik betukuh segi empat ti diengkah baruh lidi dagin nya. Enda ditentuka dulang-dulang nya diengkah terus ngagai api tauka dulang nya dikena engkah arang angat baka lubang barbeku ti ulih dikalih. Perengka tu bisi mengkang dikena dalam Jeman Besi Tumu. Dalam litericha Gerika, Homer dalam Iliad (1.465) bisi nyebut keping dagin ti dipanggang ba alai nya mega disebut dalam pengawa Aristophanes, Aristophanes. Acharnians 1007, Clouds 178, Wasps 354, Birds 388, 672. Xenophon,Xenophon. Hellenica, HG3.3.7.  Aristotle,Aristotle. Politics, 1324b19.  sereta ke bukai.Homer. Iliad, 1.465. .Harvnb.  Dalam Jaku Gerika Klasik endur manduk nya dikumbai (obeliskos), lalu Aristolalunes bisi mega nyebut alai nya bisi dikena mangang.Aristophanes. Acharnians, 1007. 

Ba Empayar Byzantin, pengarang Gerika ti nulis bup Prodromic Poems (4.231) bisi nyebut "kedai dagin angat" Constantinople ti nyual dagin pangang ti diputung sebaka enggau souvlaki dikelala enggau nama psenasis souglitarea..Harvnb. 

Souvlaki jeman moden bisi diterang Gustave Flaubert, siku pejalai ari menua Peranchis, ti meratika orang Gerika "mangang keping dagin ti ditusuk enggau lidi buluh" lebuh iya ngabas kandang pelilih menua Boeotia ba selatan Gerika Tengah maya taun 1850..Harvnb Taja pia, souvlaki jeman moden enda mayuh diagih ba serata Gerika nyentuka Perang Dunya II udah tembu. Souvlaki ke dipantai nyadi pemakai jampat berengkah mayuh dijual kena taun 1960-an, pengudah diberi kelala bala vendor ari Boeotia. Guna keterubah leka jaku souvlaki dalam jaku English iya nya ba taun 1942.

 Penyanding 

 Penerang diambi 

 Bunsu rama enggau disebut 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 Lambar web ke bukai