Republik Ireland
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Ireland{{Efn|name=nomenclature}}<!---Not to be changed without discussion!--->
| native_name            = {{Native name|ga|Éire}}
| common_name            = Ireland<!--Not visible. Allows the template to get the correct ISO 3166 code etc.--->
| linking_name           = the Republic of Ireland<!--so the template links correctly to "(Topic) of the Republic Ireland" articles-->
| area_link              = #Geography
| image_flag             = Flag of Ireland.svg
| flag_size              = 130
| flag_type              = [[Menira Ireland|Menira]]
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Ireland.svg
| coa_size               = 65
| symbol_type            = [[Lambang Menua Ireland|Lambang menua]]
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[Fail:EU-Ireland (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[Fail:EU-Ireland.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Europe|default=2}}
| map_caption            = {{Map caption
  | location_color = dark green
  | region = Europe
  | region_color = dark grey
  | subregion = the [[European Union]]
  | subregion_color = light green 
  | country = <span>Ireland</span><!--Null tags prevent link to [[Ireland]] being generated by template.-->
  }}
| map_width              = 250px
| national_anthem        = <br/>{{Lang|ga|[[Amhrán na bhFiann]]|italic=no}}<br />{{Raise|0.1em|"The Soldiers' Song"}}<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[Fail:United States Navy Band - Amhrán na bhFiann.ogg]]</div>
<!--Irish is "the first official language" and English "a second official language" – please do not change the order; see reference -->| official_languages     = {{Hlist|[[Jaku Ireland]]{{Efn|name=national language}}|[[Jaku Inggeris]]<ref>{{Cite act | type = Constitution | date = 1937 | article = 8 | url = https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html }} {{Cite web |url=https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html |title=Electronic Irish Statute Book (EISB) |access-date=4 February 2022 |archive-date=23 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423200419/https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
| demonym                = [[Irish people|Irish]]
| capital                = [[Dublin]]
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2022<ref>{{Cite web | date = 30 May 2023 | title = Population Usually Resident and Present in the State| url=https://data.cso.ie/table/FY023| publisher = CSO.ie | agency = Central Statistics Office | access-date = 2 June 2023}}</ref>
| ethnic_groups          = {{Unbulleted list
 |76.6% [[Irish people#Genetics|White Irish]]
 |10.8% other [[White people|White]]
 |3.3% [[Asian people|Asian]]
 |1.5% [[Black people in Ireland|Black]]
 |1.7% [[Demographics of the Republic of Ireland|other]]
 |6.2% not stated}}
| religion               = {{Tree list}}
* 75.7% [[Christianity in Ireland|Christianity]]
** 69.1% [[Catholic Church in Ireland|Catholicism]]
** 2.5% [[Church of Ireland|Anglicanism]]
** 4.1% other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]]
* 14.5% [[Irreligion in the Republic of Ireland|no religion]]
* 3.1% [[Religion in the Republic of Ireland|other]]
* 6.7% not stated
{{Tree list/end}}
| religion_year          = 2022<ref name="REL"/>
| coordinates            = {{Coord|53|20.65|N|6|16.05|W|type:city}}{{Coord|53|N|8|W|display=title|scale:10000000}}
| largest_city           = capital
| government_type        = [[Unitary parliamentary republic]]
| leader_title1          = [[President of Ireland|President]]
| leader_name1           = [[Michael D. Higgins]]
| leader_title2          = [[Taoiseach]]
| leader_name2           = [[Simon Harris]]
| leader_title3          = [[Tánaiste]]
| leader_name3           = [[Micheál Martin]]
| leader_title4          = [[Chief Justice of Ireland|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name4           = [[Donal O'Donnell]]
| legislature            = [[Oireachtas]]
| upper_house            = [[Seanad Éireann|Seanad]]
| lower_house            = [[Dáil Éireann|Dáil]]
| area_km2               = 70,273
| area_sq_mi             = 27,133<!-- Do not remove per WP:MOSNUM -->
| area_rank              = 118th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| percent_water          = 2.0%
| population_estimate    = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 5,281,600<ref>{{Cite web |title=Key Findings – Population and Migration Estimates, April 2023|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-pme/populationandmigrationestimatesapril2023/keyfindings/ |website=CSO |date=25 September 2023}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2022
| population_estimate_rank = 122nd
| population_census      = 5,149,139<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=Remote work up, Catholic numbers down in Census data |url = https://www.rte.ie/news/ireland/2023/0530/1386438-cso-census/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530192914/https://www.rte.ie/news/ireland/2023/0530/1386438-cso-census/ |archive-date=30 May 2023 |website=rte.ie}}</ref>
| population_census_year = 2022
| population_density_km2 = {{#expr: 5011500/70273 round 1}}
| population_density_sq_mi = {{#expr: 5011500/27133 round 1}} <!-- Do not remove per WP:MOSNUM -->
| population_density_rank = 113th
| GDP_PPP                            = {{Increase}} $712.056&nbsp;billion<ref name="IMFWEO.IE">{{Cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=178,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Ireland) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=imf.org |date=16 April 2024 |access-date=16 April 2024}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year                    = 2024
| GDP_PPP_rank                    = 40th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita          = {{Increase}} $133,895<ref name="IMFWEO.IE" />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 3rd
| GDP_nominal                      = {{Increase}} $564.020&nbsp;billion<ref name="IMFWEO.IE" />
| GDP_nominal_year             = 2024
| GDP_nominal_rank             = 30th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita    = {{Increase}} $106,059<ref name="IMFWEO.IE" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 2nd
| Gini_year              = 2022
| Gini_change            = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini                   = 27.9
| Gini_ref               = <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tessi190/default/table?lang=en |title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey |publisher=[[Eurostat]] |website=ec.europa.eu |access-date=3 September 2023}}</ref>
| HDI_year               = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change             = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI                    = 0.950 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref                = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=13 March 2024|page=288|access-date=13 March 2024}}</ref>
| HDI_rank               = 7th
| sovereignty_type       = [[History of the Republic of Ireland|Independence]]
| sovereignty_note       = from the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]
| established_event1     = [[Proclamation of the Irish Republic|Proclamation]]
| established_date1      = 24 April 1916
| established_event2     = [[Irish Declaration of Independence|Declaration]]
| established_date2      = 21 January 1919
| established_event3     = {{Nowrap|[[Anglo-Irish Treaty]]}}
| established_date3      = 6 December 1921
| established_event4     = [[Constitution of the Irish Free State|1922 constitution]]
| established_date4      = 6 December 1922
| established_event5     = [[Constitution of Ireland|1937 constitution]]
| established_date5      = 29 December 1937
| established_event6     = [[The Republic of Ireland Act 1948|Republic Act]]
| established_date6      = 18 April 1949
| currency               = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]]){{Efn|name=currency}}
| currency_code          = EUR
| utc_offset             = {{Sp}}
| time_zone              = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| utc_offset_DST         = +1
| time_zone_DST          = [[Time in the Republic of Ireland|IST]]
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on              = left
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland|+353]]
| cctld                  = [[.ie|.ie]]{{Efn|name=tld}}
}}'''Ireland''' mega dikumbai '''Republik Ireland''' ({{Lang|ga|Poblacht na hÉireann}}),{{Efn|name=nomenclature}} nya sebengkah menua ba barat laut [[Eropa]] ti nyengkaum 26 ari 32 kandang menua pulau [[Ireland]]. Indu nengeri enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai ba menua tu nya [[Dublin]], ti bepalan ba sepiak timur pulau nya. Urung 2.1 juta iku orang ba menua tu ari 5.15 juta penyampau orang diau ba Menua Dublin Besai.<ref>[https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/pme/populationandmigrationestimatesapril2018/ "Population and Migration Estimates, April 2018"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126090913/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/er/pme/populationandmigrationestimatesapril2018/ |date=26 January 2021 }}, Central Statistics Office, released 28 August 2018</ref> Menua tu mina bekungsi adan enggau [[Ireland Utara]], ke diatu bagi ari menua United Kingdom. Menua tu dikelingi Tasik Atlantik, Tasik Celt ba selatan, [[St George's Channel]] ba tenggara, enggau Tasik Ireland ba timur. Menua tu menua republik parlimen beserakup.<ref>{{Citation|title=Constitutional Law of 15 EU Member States|author1=L. Prakke|author2=C. A. J. M. Kortmann|author3=J. C. E. van den Brandhof|publisher=Kluwer|location=Deventer|page=429|quote=Since 1937 Ireland has been a parliamentary republic, in which ministers appointed by the president depend on the confidence of parliament|year=2004|isbn=9013012558}}</ref> Legislatur sida, {{Lang|ga|[[Oireachtas]]|italic=no}}, nyengkaum siti rumah baruh, {{Lang|ga|[[Dáil Éireann]]|italic=no}}; siti rumah atas, {{Lang|ga|[[Seanad Éireann]]|italic=no}}; enggau presiden ke dipilih ({{Lang|ga|Uachtarán}}) ke megai pengawa tuai menua seremonial, tang ngembuan kuasa enggau pengawa ke penting. Tuai perintah menua tu dikumbai {{Lang|ga|[[Taoiseach]]|italic=no}} (Menteri Besai, tauka dikalih terus jaku nyadi "Tuai"), ke dipilih Dáil lalu dichiri Presiden, ti nyiri menteri perintah ke bukai

==Nama==
Nama Ireland dalam jaku Ireland nya {{Lang|ga|[[Éire]]}}, datai ari leka jaku {{Lang|ga|[[Ériu]]}}, seiku petara indu dalam mitologi Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 August 2021|title=Where does the name Ireland come from?|url=http://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/where-does-the-name-ireland-come-from|access-date=13 September 2021|website=IrishCentral.com|archive-date=2 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902070224/https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/where-does-the-name-ireland-come-from|url-status=live}}</ref> Menua ke ditumbuhka dalam taun 1922, ke mungkur 26 ari 32 bengkah kaunti Ireland, “digaya sereta dikelala enggau nama Negeri Bebas Ireland”. ({{Lang|ga|Saorstát Éireann}}).<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Coleman|first1=Marie|title=The Irish Revolution, 1916–1923|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1317801467|page=230|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BeMkAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT230|access-date=12 February 2015|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209160642/https://books.google.com/books?id=BeMkAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT230|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Konstitusyen Ireland]], ti diterima dalam taun 1937, madahka "nama menua nya Éire, tauka, dalam jaku English, Ireland". Seksyen 2 Akta Republik Ireland 1948 madahka, "Enggau tu dipadahka penerang pasal menua nya Republik Ireland." Akta 1948 nadai meri nama menua nya "Republik Ireland", laban enti udah ngereja nya tentu deka ngasuh iya bebida enggau Konstitusyen.<ref>Gallagher, Michael, "The changing constitution", in {{Cite book|editor1-last=Gallagher|editor1-first=Michael|editor2-last=Coakley|editor2-first=John|title=Politics in the Republic of Ireland|date=2010|publisher=0415476712|isbn=978-0415476713|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g84ajJ-1Yi4C&pg=PA76|access-date=12 February 2015|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209160637/https://books.google.com/books?id=g84ajJ-1Yi4C&pg=PA76|url-status=live}}</ref>

Perintah United Kingdom ngena nama "Eire" (nadai diakritik) lalu, ari taun 1949, "Republik Ireland", ke menua nya.<ref>Oliver, J.D.B., ''What's in a Name'', in {{Cite book|editor1-last=Tiley|editor1-first=John|title=Studies in the History of Tax Law|date=2004|publisher=Hart Publishing|isbn=1841134732|pages=181–3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f9FGwkXiIS0C&pg=PA181|access-date=12 February 2015|archive-date=1 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101034152/https://books.google.com/books?id=f9FGwkXiIS0C&pg=PA181|url-status=live}} Note: the author uses "Éire", with the diacritic.</ref> Udah nya Sempekat Good Friday 1998, lebuh menua nya ngelengka ke dawa iya ngagai Ireland Utara, iya berengkah ngumbai menua nya "Ireland".<ref>Oliver (2004), p. 178; Daly (2007), p. 80</ref><ref name="Daly 2007">{{Cite journal | last=Daly | first=Mary E. | title=The Irish Free State/Éire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: "A Country by Any Other Name"? | journal=Journal of British Studies | volume=46 | issue=1 | date=2007 | issn=0021-9371 | doi=10.1086/508399 | pages=72–90}}</ref>

Menua tu mega dikumbai enggau chara enda formal "Republik", "Ireland Selatan" tauka "Selatan";<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Acciano|first1=Reuben|title=Western Europe|date=2005|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1740599276|page=616|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Enrkj9PsKGwC&pg=PA616|access-date=12 February 2015|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209160641/https://books.google.com/books?id=Enrkj9PsKGwC&pg=PA616|url-status=live}}</ref> kelebih agi lebuh midaka nengeri tu ari pulau tauka lebuh berandauka pasal [[Ireland Utara]] ("Utara"). Raban republikan Ireland nyimpan nama “Ireland” ke serata pulau nya<ref name="Daly 2007"/> lalu suah ngumbai nengeri tu "Negeri Bebas", "26 Kaunti".,<ref name="Daly 2007"/><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Smith|first1=M.L.R|title=Fighting for Ireland?: The Military Strategy of the Irish Republican Movement|date=2002|publisher=Routledge|isbn=1134713975|page=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EH-FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA2|access-date=12 February 2015|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209160637/https://books.google.com/books?id=EH-FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA2|url-status=live}}</ref> tauka "Selatan".<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McGreevy |first1=Ronan |title=Why Sinn Féin will not call the State by its name |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/why-sinn-fein-will-not-call-the-state-by-its-name-1.4182195 |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 August 2022 |archive-date=25 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825190413/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/why-sinn-fein-will-not-call-the-state-by-its-name-1.4182195 |url-status=live }}</ref> Tu "saut ngagai penemu partisyenis [...] ti madahka Ireland ngetu ba garis entara menua".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dáil Éireann debate – Irish Nationality and Citizenship Bill, 1999 |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/2000-04-13/speech/74/ |publisher=[[Oireachtas]] |date=13 April 2000 |access-date=24 August 2022 |archive-date=25 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825190418/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/2000-04-13/5/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Geografi==
{{Main|Geografi Ireland}}
[[Fail:Ireland (47474631822).jpg|thumb|[[Tebing Moher]] ba tebing tasik Atlantik .]] 
[[Fail:Panamora of Cnoc na Peiste and Loch Cummeenapeasta.jpg|thumb|Reeks MacGillycuddy, gunung ti pemadu tinggi di Ireland]]

Menua tu ngembuan pemesai urung lima per enam ({{Convert|70273|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on|disp=or}}) pulau [[Ireland]] ({{Convert|84421|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on|disp=or}}), enggau Ireland Utara nyadika bagi ke bukai. Pulau tu di sempadan ba utara enggau barat nengah [[Tasik Atlantik]] lalu ba timur laut nengah Saluran Utara. Ba timur, Tasik Ireland nyambung ngagai Tasik Atlantik nengah St George’s Channel enggau [[Tasik Keltik]] ba barat daya.

Rampa menua barat tebal agi bisi tebing ti kasar, bukit enggau gunung. Tanah rendah tengah mayuh dibungkur enggau deposit glasial tanah liat enggau pasir, sereta mega kandang endur ti signifikan enggau tanah paya enggau beberapa tasik. Titik ke pemadu tinggi iya nya Carrauntoohil (1,038.6 m tauka 3,407 ka), ke bepalan ba bukit MacGillycuddy’s Reeks ba barat daya. [[Sungai Shannon]] ke nengah tanah rendah tengah, nyadi sungai ke pemadu panjai di Ireland enggau pemanjai 386 kilometer tauka 240 batus. Pantai barat lebih kasar ari timur, enggau mayuh pulau, semenanjung, ulu enggau teluk.

Ireland siti ari menua ke pemadu mimit kampung di Eropah.<ref>[https://www.teagasc.ie/crops/forestry/advice/general-topics/history-of-forestry-in-ireland/ "History of Forestry in Ireland"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130053644/https://www.teagasc.ie/crops/forestry/advice/general-topics/history-of-forestry-in-ireland/|date=30 January 2019}}. [[Teagasc]].</ref> Sampai ke ujung Jeman Tengah, menua nya balat bendar bisi kampung. Spesies asal nyengkaum pun kayu ti labuh daun baka kayu oak, abu, hazel, birch, alder, willow, aspen, elm, rowan enggau hawthorn, sereta mega pun kayu ti seruran gadung baka kayu pain Scots, yew, holly enggau strawberi.<ref>[https://www.treecouncil.ie/native-irish-trees Native Species] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409023345/https://www.treecouncil.ie/native-irish-trees|date=9 April 2022}}. [[Tree Council of Ireland]].</ref> Penumbuh paya selimut enggau pengawa nebang kampung ti besai endur betanam betupi dipelabaka nyadika pun kebuah kampung ditebang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.forestryservices.ie/history|title=History of Forestry in Ireland|access-date=15 June 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111183448/http://www.forestryservices.ie/history|archive-date=11 January 2012}}</ref> Diatu, semina urung 10% ari menua Ireland nya kampung,<ref name="forest">{{Cite web |url=https://www.agriculture.gov.ie/media/migration/forestry/forestservicegeneralinformation/ForestStatisticsIreland2017090318.pdf |title=Forest Statistics – Ireland 2017 |publisher=[[Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine]] |access-date=29 January 2019 |pages=3, 63 |archive-date=20 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020021739/https://www.agriculture.gov.ie/media/migration/forestry/forestservicegeneralinformation/ForestStatisticsIreland2017090318.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> tebal agi nya kebun konifer ukai asal, lalu semina 2% aja nya kampung asal.<ref>[https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/native-trees-cover-just-2-of-ireland-how-can-this-be-increased-1.3553824 "Native trees cover just 2% of Ireland. How can this be increased?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304164603/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/native-trees-cover-just-2-of-ireland-how-can-this-be-increased-1.3553824|date=4 March 2020}}. ''[[The Irish Times]]'', 6 July 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/ireland-s-native-woodlands-are-quietly-disappearing-1.3529317 "Ireland's native woodlands are quietly disappearing"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216190001/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/ireland-s-native-woodlands-are-quietly-disappearing-1.3529317|date=16 February 2019}}. ''[[The Irish Times]]'', 19 June 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2019.</ref> Purata bungkur kampung ba menua Eropah lebih ari 33%.<ref name="forest" /> Nitihka penerang ari Coillte, sebuah dagang kampung ke diempu perintah, gaya hari menua nya meri Ireland siti ari tikas penumbuh ke pemadu jampat ungkup kampung di Eropah.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.coillte.ie/our-business/our-divisions/forestry/ | website = coillte.ie | publisher = Coillte | title = Forestry – Did you know? | access-date = 3 December 2019 | quote = Ireland has an ideal climate for forestry with one of the fastest growth rates of trees in Europe | archive-date = 9 April 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200409123308/https://www.coillte.ie/our-business/our-divisions/forestry/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Hedgerows, ke udah lama dikena netapka garis entara tanah, nyadi ganti ke beguna ngagai habitat kampung, nyadika palan pengenduh ngagai flora kampung asal enggau mayuh macham bansa ukui, burung enggau mamalia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.noticenature.ie/Hedgerow.html|title=Hedgerows|access-date=15 June 2011|archive-date=26 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726134733/http://www.noticenature.ie/Hedgerow.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Iya nyadi palan dua ekoregion terestrial: kampung daun lebar Celtic enggau kampung bechampur lembap Atlantik Utara.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dinerstein|first1=Eric|last2=Olson|first2=David|last3=Joshi|first3=Anup|last4=Vynne|first4=Carly|last5=Burgess|first5=Neil D.|last6=Wikramanayake|first6=Eric|last7=Hahn|first7=Nathan|last8=Palminteri|first8=Suzanne|last9=Hedao|first9=Prashant|last10=Noss|first10=Reed|last11=Hansen|first11=Matt|last12=Locke|first12=Harvey|last13=Ellis|first13=Erle C|last14=Jones|first14=Benjamin|last15=Barber|first15=Charles Victor|last16=Hayes|first16=Randy|last17=Kormos|first17=Cyril|last18=Martin|first18=Vance|last19=Crist|first19=Eileen|last20=Sechrest|first20=Wes|last21=Price|first21=Lori|last22=Baillie|first22=Jonathan E. M.|last23=Weeden|first23=Don|last24=Suckling|first24=Kierán|last25=Davis|first25=Crystal|last26=Sizer|first26=Nigel|last27=Moore|first27=Rebecca|last28=Thau|first28=David|last29=Birch|first29=Tanya|last30=Potapov|first30=Peter|last31=Turubanova|first31=Svetlana|last32=Tyukavina|first32=Alexandra|last33=de Souza|first33=Nadia|last34=Pintea|first34=Lilian|last35=Brito|first35=José C.|last36=Llewellyn|first36=Othman A.|last37=Miller|first37=Anthony G.|last38=Patzelt|first38=Annette|last39=Ghazanfar|first39=Shahina A.|last40=Timberlake|first40=Jonathan|last41=Klöser|first41=Heinz|last42=Shennan-Farpón|first42=Yara|last43=Kindt|first43=Roeland|last44=Lillesø|first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow|last45=van Breugel|first45=Paulo|last46=Graudal|first46=Lars|last47=Voge|first47=Maianna|last48=Al-Shammari|first48=Khalaf F.|last49=Saleem|first49=Muhammad|display-authors=1|title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm|journal=BioScience|volume=67|issue=6|year=2017|pages=534–545|issn=0006-3568|doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014|pmid=28608869|pmc=5451287|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Pengawa betanam betupi mungkur urung 64% ari semua pemesai tanah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.teagasc.ie/agrifood |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991004065905/http://www.teagasc.ie/agrifood/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 October 1999 |title=Agriculture in Ireland |publisher=Teagasc.ie |access-date=12 November 2010}}</ref> Tu ngujungka tanah ti mimit dikena nyaga habitat asal, kelebih agi ungkup mamalia liar ti besai agi enggau peminta kandang menua ti besai agi.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Land cover and land use |publisher = Environmental Protection Agency |year = 2000 |url = http://www.epa.ie/whatwedo/assessment/land/ |access-date = 30 July 2007 |archive-date = 16 September 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080916125736/http://www.epa.ie/whatwedo/assessment/land/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> Sejarah lama pengawa betanam betupi ditambah enggau chara betanam betupi moden, baka ngena rachun indu utai enggau baja, udah meri tekan ngagai biodiversiti.<ref name="CIA">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ireland/ |work=The World Factbook |title=Ireland |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=28 August 2011 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109164445/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ireland/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Demografi==
[[Fail:Population of Ireland 1951-2011.png|thumb|Penyampau tubuh ba Ireland kenyau ari taun 1951]]
Penyampau tubuh peranak Ireland manggai 5,149,139 iku ba taun 2022, nambah 8% kenyau ari taun 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=Census of Population 2022 – Summary Results |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpsr/censusofpopulation2022-summaryresults/ |publisher=Central Statistics Office Ireland}}</ref> Naka taun 2011, Ireland ngembuan tikas pengada ke pemadu tinggi ba Kesatuan Eropah (16 pengada ba tiap 1,000 iku peranak).<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20797166 Ireland continues to have highest birth rate in the European Union] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213064356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20797166 |date=13 February 2019 }}. BBC News. (20 December 2012). Retrieved 16 July 2013.</ref> Ba taun 2014, 36.3% pengada ngagai indu ke bedau belaki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-vsys/vitalstatisticsyearlysummary2014/|title=Vital Statistics Yearly Summary 2014 – CSO – Central Statistics Office|website=cso.ie|date=29 May 2015 |access-date=30 July 2017|archive-date=11 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711172822/http://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-vsys/vitalstatisticsyearlysummary2014/|url-status=live}}</ref> Penyampau penumbuh penyampau tubuh ninting taun ngelui 2% dalam timpuh intercensal 2002–2006, ti dikaitka enggau tikas penambah semula jadi enggau imigresyen ti tinggi.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/mheykfauqlmh/ |title=Ireland's population still fastest-growing in EU |publisher=Thomas Crosbie Media |date=18 December 2007 |access-date=9 July 2009 |archive-date=11 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211090803/http://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/mheykfauqlmh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Penyampau tu bisi nurun mimit dalam timpuh intercensal 2006–2011 ke nangkanka nya, enggau ubah peratus pukul rata ninting taun 1.6%. Penyampau penyampau pengada (TFR) ba taun 2017 dipelabaka 1.80 iku anak mit ada seiku indu, baruh ari tikas penganti 2.1, iya mengkang jauh baruh ari tikas ke tinggi iya nya 4.2 iku anak mit ada seiku indu ba taun 1850.<ref>{{Citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?tab=chart&year=1849&country=IRL|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|first=Max|last=Roser|year=2014|work=[[Our World in Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]|access-date=7 May 2019|archive-date=17 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717171707/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?tab=chart&year=1849&country=IRL|url-status=live}}</ref> Ba taun 2018 umur median peranak Ireland iya nya 37.1 taun.<ref>{{Citation-attribution|1={{Citation|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ireland/|title=World Factbook EUROPE : IRELAND|work=[[The World Factbook]]|date=12 July 2018|access-date=23 January 2021|archive-date=18 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118202615/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ireland/|url-status=live}} }}</ref>

Maya pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2022, penyampau peranak ukai peranak menua Ireland dirikod 631,785 iku. Tu ngayanka penambah 8% ari penyampau ngitung tubuh taun 2016 iya nya 535,475 iku.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=Census of Population 2022 – Summary Results |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpsr/censusofpopulation2022-summaryresults/ |access-date=2 July 2023 |publisher=Central Statistics Office}}</ref> Lima menua penatai peranak ukai peranak menua Ireland ke pemadu mayuh iya nya Poland (93,680), UK (83,347), India (45,449), Romania (43,323), Lithuania (31,177), enggau Latvia (27,338). Bansa ukai Ireland ke pemadu mayuh nambah ari taun 2016 iya nya India (+33,984), Romania (+14,137), Brazil (+13,698), Ukraine (+10,006). Bansa ukai Ireland ke pemadu mayuh nurun ari taun 2016 iya nya Poland (−28,835), UK (−19,766), Lithuania (−5,375), Latvia (−1,633), enggau Slovakia (−1,117).<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=Population Usually Resident and Present in the State |url=https://data.cso.ie/table/FY017 |access-date=2 July 2023 |publisher=Central Statistics Office}}</ref>{{Clear}}

===Jaku===
{{Main|Jaku-jaku ba Ireland|Jaku Ireland|Jaku Inggeris Ireland|}}
[[Fail:Percentage stating they speak Irish daily outside the education system in the 2011 census.png|thumb|Peratus penyampau tubuh ti bejaku Irish ninting hari (luar sistem pelajar) dalam pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2011]]
Konstitusyen Ireland nerangka jaku Ireland nyadi "jaku nasional" enggau "jaku rasmi keterubah", tang jaku English ("jaku rasmi kedua") nyadi jaku ti dominan. Dalam pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2016, urung 1.75 juta iku (40% ari penyampau tubuh) madahka diri ulih bejaku Irish tang, ari penyampau nya, baruh ari 74,000 iku bejaku nya ninting hari.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Irish Language and the Gaeltacht (within Census of Population 2016 – Profile 10 Education, Skills and the Irish Language) |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cp10esil/p10esil/ilg/ |website=Central Statistics Office |publisher=Government of Ireland |access-date=10 January 2022 |archive-date=8 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208225214/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cp10esil/p10esil/ilg/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Jaku Irish disebut nyadi jaku komuniti semina ba sekeda kandang menua pesisir ke tebal agi ba barat enggau selatan menua nya, ke dikelala enggau nama [[Gaeltacht]]. Kelimpah ari ba kandang menua Gaeltacht, tanda jalai selalu iya bisi dua jaku.<ref>{{Cite ISB |year=1970|type=si|number=164 |name=Road Traffic (Signs) (Amendment) Regulations 1970 |date=16 July 1970 |access-date=4 February 2020 |archive-date=3 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503221548/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1970/en/si/0164.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Tebal notis mensia mayuh enggau media chelak semina dalam jaku English aja. Seraya nengeri tu enggau rasmi dua jaku, rayat suah ulih tusah ngulihka servis nengeri dalam jaku Irish lalu tebal agi penerbitan perintah nadai dalam kededua jaku nya, taja pan rayat bisi hak beruruska nengeri dalam jaku Irish. Media jaku Irish nyengkaum saluran TV TG4, stesyen radio RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta enggau surat berita online Tuairisc.ie. Ba Raban Pertahanan Ireland, semua perintah latih kaki enggau lengan diberi dalam jaku Ireland.

Ketegal imigresyen, [[jaku Poland]] nyadi jaku ke pemadu mayuh dikena di Ireland pengudah [[jaku English]], lalu [[jaku Ireland]] nyadi jaku ketiga pemadu mayuh dikena.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2012/0329/315449-divorce-rate-up-150-since-2002-census/|title=Irish is third most used language – Census|date=29 March 2012|publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann|access-date=30 July 2017|archive-date=30 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230185533/https://www.rte.ie/news/2012/0329/315449-divorce-rate-up-150-since-2002-census/|url-status=live}}</ref> Beberapa jaku Eropah Tengah ke bukai (iya nya Czech, Hungary enggau Slovak), sereta mega jaku Baltik (Lithuania enggau Latvia) mega dikena besehari-sehari. Jaku bukai ke dikena di Ireland nyengkaum jaku Shelta, ke dikena bala Pejalai Ireland, lalu siti dialek Scotland dikena sekeda orang Scotland Ulster di Donegal.<ref>[http://www.ulsterscotsagency.com/what-is-ulster-scots/language/ An introduction to the Ulster-Scots Language] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901151749/http://www.ulsterscotsagency.com/what-is-ulster-scots/language/ |date=1 September 2011 }}, Ulster-Scots Agency.</ref> Mayuh nembiak sekula sekondari milih belajarka siti tauka dua jaku bansa bukai. Jaku ke bisi disediaka ungkup Sijil Junior enggau Sijil Leaving nyengkaum jaku Perancis, Jerman, Itali enggau Sepanyol; Nembiak Sijil Pemansut mega ulih belajarka jaku Arab, Jepun enggau Rusia. Sekeda sekula sekondari mega bisi nyendiaka jaku Gerika Kuno, Hebrew enggau Latin. Pelajar jaku Irish tu endang wajib ungkup nembiak Leaving Certificate, tang sekeda engka layak nerima pengecualian dalam sekeda gaya, baka penanggul belajar tauka tama ngagai menua nya pengudah umur 11 taun.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.education.ie/robots/view.jsp?pcategory=17216&language=EN&ecategory=42741&link=link001&doc=38941 |title=Pupils exempt from the study of the Irish language (per ''Circular M10/94 – Revision of Rule 46 of the "Rules and Programme for Secondary Schools" in relation to exemption from Irish'') |publisher=Department of Education and Skills |access-date=27 October 2010 |archive-date=24 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124031052/http://www.education.ie/robots/view.jsp?pcategory=17216&language=EN&ecategory=42741&link=link001&doc=38941 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Pengarap===
{{Main|Pengarap ba Republik Ireland}}
{{Bar box
|title= Pengarap ba Republik Ireland<ref name="REL">{{Cite web | date = 30 May 2023 | title = Population Usually Resident and Present in the State| url=https://data.cso.ie/table/FY032| publisher = CSO.ie | agency = Central Statistics Office | access-date = 2 June 2023}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Pengarap
|right1=Persin
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Gerija Katolik ba Ireland|Katolik]]|DarkGreen|69.1}}
{{Bar percent|Nadai pengarap|Blue|14.5}}
{{Bar percent|[[Protestan ba Republik Ireland|Protestant]]|Violet|4.0}}
{{Bar percent|[[Islam ba Republik Ireland|Islam]]|Black|1.6}}
{{Bar percent|Enda dipadah|Pink|6.7}}
{{Bar percent|Ke bukai|Orange|4.1}}
}}

Pengelepas pengarap disediaka nengah konstitusyen di Ireland, lalu konstitusyen menua nya udah sekular kenyau ari taun 1973. Pengarap [[Kristian]] nyadi pengarap ke majoriti, lalu sekumbang Ireland mengkang nyadi menua ke tebal agi bepengarap Katolik, peratus penyampau tubuh ke ngelala diri nyadi Katolik ba pengawa ngitung tubuh nurun enggau jampat ari 84.2. peratus ba pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2011 ngagai 78.3 peratus ba taun 2016 enggau 69 peratus ba taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Statement Census 2016 Results Profile 8 - Irish Travellers, Ethnicity and Religion - CSO - Central Statistics Office |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/csolatestnews/pressreleases/2017pressreleases/pressstatementcensus2016resultsprofile8-irishtravellersethnicityandreligion/ |access-date=2024-07-04 |website=www.cso.ie |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-26 |title=Religion - CSO - Central Statistics Office |url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cpp5/census2022profile5-diversitymigrationethnicityirishtravellersreligion/religion/ |access-date=2024-07-04 |website=www.cso.ie |language=en}}</ref> Asil bukai ari pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2016 iya nya: 4.2% Protestan, 1.3% Ortodoks, 1.3% nyadi Islam, enggau 9.8% nyadi nadai pengarap.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://static.rasset.ie/documents/news/census-2016-summary-results-part-1-full.pdf |title= Census 2016 Summary Results – Part 1 |date= 6 April 2017 |access-date= 6 April 2017 |archive-date= 5 August 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190805070538/https://static.rasset.ie/documents/news/census-2016-summary-results-part-1-full.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> Nitihka pansik ari Universiti Georgetown, sebedau taun 2000 menua tu ngembuan siti ari tikas ke pemadu tinggi ke datai misa enggau tetap di dunya Barat.<ref>Weekly Mass Attendance of Catholics in Nations with Large Catholic Populations, 1980–2000 – [[World Values Survey]] (WVS)</ref> Seraya penyampau ke datai misa ninting hari iya nya 13% ba taun 2006, bisi pengurang ba penyampau ke datai misa ninting minggu ari 81% ba taun 1990 ngagai 48% ba taun 2006; penurun nya diripotka nyadi stabil, taja pia.<ref>[http://www.catholicculture.org/news/features/index.cfm?recnum=44521 Irish Mass attendance below 50%] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503190240/http://www.catholicculture.org/news/features/index.cfm?recnum=44521 |date=3 May 2011 }} ''Catholic World News'' 1 June 2006</ref> Dalam taun 2011, bisi diripotka penyampau mensia mayuh ke datai misa ninting minggu di Dublin iya nya 18% lalu baruh agi ba raban nembiak rebak baru.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/fewer-than-one-in-five-attend-sunday-mass-in-dublin-1.585731 |title=Fewer than one in five attend Sunday Mass in Dublin' |newspaper=The Irish Times |date=30 May 2011 |access-date=30 June 2011 |first=Jamie |last=Smyth |archive-date=8 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108154007/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/fewer-than-one-in-five-attend-sunday-mass-in-dublin-1.585731 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Fail:St. Mary’s Pro-Cathedral, Dublin 2023 (2).jpg|thumb|[[St Mary's Pro-Cathedral]] is the seat of the Catholic Church in [[Dublin]].]]
[[Fail:Dublin St. Patrick's Cathedral Exterior North Side 02.jpg|thumb|[[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin]], is the national Cathedral of the [[Church of Ireland]].]]

[[Gerija Ireland]], enggau 2.7% ari penyampau tubuh, nyadi denominasyen Kristian kedua pemadu besai. Penyampau kaban nurun sepemanjai abad kedua puluh tang ngasaika penambah ba pun abad ke-21 begulai enggau denominasi Kristian bukai. Denominasyen Protestan ke bukai ke besai reti iya nya Gerija Presbiterian enggau Gerija [[Methodist]]. Imigresyen udah meri pangka ngagai penumbuh penyampau tubuh orang ke bepengarap [[Hindu]] enggau [[Islam]]. Enti diperatika ari sukut peratus, naka ke diatur pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2006, pengarap Kristian Ortodoks enggau Islam nyadi pengarap ke pemadu jampat mansang enggau penambah 100% enggau 70%.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Final Principal Demographic Results 2006 |url=http://www.cso.ie/census/documents/Final%20Principal%20Demographic%20Results%202006.pdf |access-date=20 June 2010 |year=2007 |publisher=Central Statistics Office |isbn=978-0-7557-7169-1 |pages=31 (Table Q) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325005303/http://www.cso.ie/census/documents/Final%20Principal%20Demographic%20Results%202006.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009}}</ref>

== Penerang ==

=== Nota ===
[[Kategori:Menua ba Eropah]]
<references group="lower-alpha" />

=== Malin ===
Ireland mega dikumbai Republik Ireland (), nya sebengkah menua ba barat laut Eropa ti nyengkaum 26 ari 32 kandang menua pulau Ireland. Indu nengeri enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai ba menua tu nya Dublin, ti bepalan ba sepiak timur pulau nya. Urung 2.1 juta iku orang ba menua tu ari 5.15 juta penyampau orang diau ba Menua Dublin Besai."Population and Migration Estimates, April 2018" , Central Statistics Office, released 28 August 2018 Menua tu mina bekungsi adan enggau Ireland Utara, ke diatu bagi ari menua United Kingdom. Menua tu dikelingi Tasik Atlantik, Tasik Celt ba selatan, St George's Channel ba tenggara, enggau Tasik Ireland ba timur. Menua tu menua republik parlimen beserakup. Legislatur sida, , nyengkaum siti rumah baruh, ; siti rumah atas, ; enggau presiden ke dipilih () ke megai pengawa tuai menua seremonial, tang ngembuan kuasa enggau pengawa ke penting. Tuai perintah menua tu dikumbai  (Menteri Besai, tauka dikalih terus jaku nyadi "Tuai"), ke dipilih Dáil lalu dichiri Presiden, ti nyiri menteri perintah ke bukai

Nama
Nama Ireland dalam jaku Ireland nya , datai ari leka jaku , seiku petara indu dalam mitologi Ireland. Menua ke ditumbuhka dalam taun 1922, ke mungkur 26 ari 32 bengkah kaunti Ireland, “digaya sereta dikelala enggau nama Negeri Bebas Ireland”. (). Konstitusyen Ireland, ti diterima dalam taun 1937, madahka "nama menua nya Éire, tauka, dalam jaku English, Ireland". Seksyen 2 Akta Republik Ireland 1948 madahka, "Enggau tu dipadahka penerang pasal menua nya Republik Ireland." Akta 1948 nadai meri nama menua nya "Republik Ireland", laban enti udah ngereja nya tentu deka ngasuh iya bebida enggau Konstitusyen.Gallagher, Michael, "The changing constitution", in 

Perintah United Kingdom ngena nama "Eire" (nadai diakritik) lalu, ari taun 1949, "Republik Ireland", ke menua nya.Oliver, J.D.B., What's in a Name, in  Note: the author uses "Éire", with the diacritic. Udah nya Sempekat Good Friday 1998, lebuh menua nya ngelengka ke dawa iya ngagai Ireland Utara, iya berengkah ngumbai menua nya "Ireland".Oliver (2004), p. 178; Daly (2007), p. 80

Menua tu mega dikumbai enggau chara enda formal "Republik", "Ireland Selatan" tauka "Selatan"; kelebih agi lebuh midaka nengeri tu ari pulau tauka lebuh berandauka pasal Ireland Utara ("Utara"). Raban republikan Ireland nyimpan nama “Ireland” ke serata pulau nya lalu suah ngumbai nengeri tu "Negeri Bebas", "26 Kaunti"., tauka "Selatan". Tu "saut ngagai penemu partisyenis [...] ti madahka Ireland ngetu ba garis entara menua".

Geografi

thumb|Tebing Moher ba tebing tasik Atlantik . 
thumb|Reeks MacGillycuddy, gunung ti pemadu tinggi di Ireland

Menua tu ngembuan pemesai urung lima per enam () pulau Ireland (), enggau Ireland Utara nyadika bagi ke bukai. Pulau tu di sempadan ba utara enggau barat nengah Tasik Atlantik lalu ba timur laut nengah Saluran Utara. Ba timur, Tasik Ireland nyambung ngagai Tasik Atlantik nengah St George’s Channel enggau Tasik Keltik ba barat daya.

Rampa menua barat tebal agi bisi tebing ti kasar, bukit enggau gunung. Tanah rendah tengah mayuh dibungkur enggau deposit glasial tanah liat enggau pasir, sereta mega kandang endur ti signifikan enggau tanah paya enggau beberapa tasik. Titik ke pemadu tinggi iya nya Carrauntoohil (1,038.6 m tauka 3,407 ka), ke bepalan ba bukit MacGillycuddy’s Reeks ba barat daya. Sungai Shannon ke nengah tanah rendah tengah, nyadi sungai ke pemadu panjai di Ireland enggau pemanjai 386 kilometer tauka 240 batus. Pantai barat lebih kasar ari timur, enggau mayuh pulau, semenanjung, ulu enggau teluk.

Ireland siti ari menua ke pemadu mimit kampung di Eropah."History of Forestry in Ireland" . Teagasc. Sampai ke ujung Jeman Tengah, menua nya balat bendar bisi kampung. Spesies asal nyengkaum pun kayu ti labuh daun baka kayu oak, abu, hazel, birch, alder, willow, aspen, elm, rowan enggau hawthorn, sereta mega pun kayu ti seruran gadung baka kayu pain Scots, yew, holly enggau strawberi.Native Species . Tree Council of Ireland. Penumbuh paya selimut enggau pengawa nebang kampung ti besai endur betanam betupi dipelabaka nyadika pun kebuah kampung ditebang. Diatu, semina urung 10% ari menua Ireland nya kampung, tebal agi nya kebun konifer ukai asal, lalu semina 2% aja nya kampung asal."Native trees cover just 2% of Ireland. How can this be increased?" . The Irish Times, 6 July 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2019."Ireland's native woodlands are quietly disappearing" . The Irish Times, 19 June 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2019. Purata bungkur kampung ba menua Eropah lebih ari 33%. Nitihka penerang ari Coillte, sebuah dagang kampung ke diempu perintah, gaya hari menua nya meri Ireland siti ari tikas penumbuh ke pemadu jampat ungkup kampung di Eropah. Hedgerows, ke udah lama dikena netapka garis entara tanah, nyadi ganti ke beguna ngagai habitat kampung, nyadika palan pengenduh ngagai flora kampung asal enggau mayuh macham bansa ukui, burung enggau mamalia. Iya nyadi palan dua ekoregion terestrial: kampung daun lebar Celtic enggau kampung bechampur lembap Atlantik Utara.

Pengawa betanam betupi mungkur urung 64% ari semua pemesai tanah. Tu ngujungka tanah ti mimit dikena nyaga habitat asal, kelebih agi ungkup mamalia liar ti besai agi enggau peminta kandang menua ti besai agi. Sejarah lama pengawa betanam betupi ditambah enggau chara betanam betupi moden, baka ngena rachun indu utai enggau baja, udah meri tekan ngagai biodiversiti.

Demografi
thumb|Penyampau tubuh ba Ireland kenyau ari taun 1951
Penyampau tubuh peranak Ireland manggai 5,149,139 iku ba taun 2022, nambah 8% kenyau ari taun 2016. Naka taun 2011, Ireland ngembuan tikas pengada ke pemadu tinggi ba Kesatuan Eropah (16 pengada ba tiap 1,000 iku peranak).Ireland continues to have highest birth rate in the European Union . BBC News. (20 December 2012). Retrieved 16 July 2013. Ba taun 2014, 36.3% pengada ngagai indu ke bedau belaki. Penyampau penumbuh penyampau tubuh ninting taun ngelui 2% dalam timpuh intercensal 2002–2006, ti dikaitka enggau tikas penambah semula jadi enggau imigresyen ti tinggi. Penyampau tu bisi nurun mimit dalam timpuh intercensal 2006–2011 ke nangkanka nya, enggau ubah peratus pukul rata ninting taun 1.6%. Penyampau penyampau pengada (TFR) ba taun 2017 dipelabaka 1.80 iku anak mit ada seiku indu, baruh ari tikas penganti 2.1, iya mengkang jauh baruh ari tikas ke tinggi iya nya 4.2 iku anak mit ada seiku indu ba taun 1850. Ba taun 2018 umur median peranak Ireland iya nya 37.1 taun.

Maya pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2022, penyampau peranak ukai peranak menua Ireland dirikod 631,785 iku. Tu ngayanka penambah 8% ari penyampau ngitung tubuh taun 2016 iya nya 535,475 iku. Lima menua penatai peranak ukai peranak menua Ireland ke pemadu mayuh iya nya Poland (93,680), UK (83,347), India (45,449), Romania (43,323), Lithuania (31,177), enggau Latvia (27,338). Bansa ukai Ireland ke pemadu mayuh nambah ari taun 2016 iya nya India (+33,984), Romania (+14,137), Brazil (+13,698), Ukraine (+10,006). Bansa ukai Ireland ke pemadu mayuh nurun ari taun 2016 iya nya Poland (−28,835), UK (−19,766), Lithuania (−5,375), Latvia (−1,633), enggau Slovakia (−1,117).

Jaku

thumb|Peratus penyampau tubuh ti bejaku Irish ninting hari (luar sistem pelajar) dalam pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2011
Konstitusyen Ireland nerangka jaku Ireland nyadi "jaku nasional" enggau "jaku rasmi keterubah", tang jaku English ("jaku rasmi kedua") nyadi jaku ti dominan. Dalam pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2016, urung 1.75 juta iku (40% ari penyampau tubuh) madahka diri ulih bejaku Irish tang, ari penyampau nya, baruh ari 74,000 iku bejaku nya ninting hari. Jaku Irish disebut nyadi jaku komuniti semina ba sekeda kandang menua pesisir ke tebal agi ba barat enggau selatan menua nya, ke dikelala enggau nama Gaeltacht. Kelimpah ari ba kandang menua Gaeltacht, tanda jalai selalu iya bisi dua jaku. Tebal notis mensia mayuh enggau media chelak semina dalam jaku English aja. Seraya nengeri tu enggau rasmi dua jaku, rayat suah ulih tusah ngulihka servis nengeri dalam jaku Irish lalu tebal agi penerbitan perintah nadai dalam kededua jaku nya, taja pan rayat bisi hak beruruska nengeri dalam jaku Irish. Media jaku Irish nyengkaum saluran TV TG4, stesyen radio RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta enggau surat berita online Tuairisc.ie. Ba Raban Pertahanan Ireland, semua perintah latih kaki enggau lengan diberi dalam jaku Ireland.

Ketegal imigresyen, jaku Poland nyadi jaku ke pemadu mayuh dikena di Ireland pengudah jaku English, lalu jaku Ireland nyadi jaku ketiga pemadu mayuh dikena. Beberapa jaku Eropah Tengah ke bukai (iya nya Czech, Hungary enggau Slovak), sereta mega jaku Baltik (Lithuania enggau Latvia) mega dikena besehari-sehari. Jaku bukai ke dikena di Ireland nyengkaum jaku Shelta, ke dikena bala Pejalai Ireland, lalu siti dialek Scotland dikena sekeda orang Scotland Ulster di Donegal.An introduction to the Ulster-Scots Language , Ulster-Scots Agency. Mayuh nembiak sekula sekondari milih belajarka siti tauka dua jaku bansa bukai. Jaku ke bisi disediaka ungkup Sijil Junior enggau Sijil Leaving nyengkaum jaku Perancis, Jerman, Itali enggau Sepanyol; Nembiak Sijil Pemansut mega ulih belajarka jaku Arab, Jepun enggau Rusia. Sekeda sekula sekondari mega bisi nyendiaka jaku Gerika Kuno, Hebrew enggau Latin. Pelajar jaku Irish tu endang wajib ungkup nembiak Leaving Certificate, tang sekeda engka layak nerima pengecualian dalam sekeda gaya, baka penanggul belajar tauka tama ngagai menua nya pengudah umur 11 taun.

Pengarap

Pengelepas pengarap disediaka nengah konstitusyen di Ireland, lalu konstitusyen menua nya udah sekular kenyau ari taun 1973. Pengarap Kristian nyadi pengarap ke majoriti, lalu sekumbang Ireland mengkang nyadi menua ke tebal agi bepengarap Katolik, peratus penyampau tubuh ke ngelala diri nyadi Katolik ba pengawa ngitung tubuh nurun enggau jampat ari 84.2. peratus ba pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2011 ngagai 78.3 peratus ba taun 2016 enggau 69 peratus ba taun 2022. Asil bukai ari pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2016 iya nya: 4.2% Protestan, 1.3% Ortodoks, 1.3% nyadi Islam, enggau 9.8% nyadi nadai pengarap. Nitihka pansik ari Universiti Georgetown, sebedau taun 2000 menua tu ngembuan siti ari tikas ke pemadu tinggi ke datai misa enggau tetap di dunya Barat.Weekly Mass Attendance of Catholics in Nations with Large Catholic Populations, 1980–2000 – World Values Survey (WVS) Seraya penyampau ke datai misa ninting hari iya nya 13% ba taun 2006, bisi pengurang ba penyampau ke datai misa ninting minggu ari 81% ba taun 1990 ngagai 48% ba taun 2006; penurun nya diripotka nyadi stabil, taja pia.Irish Mass attendance below 50%  Catholic World News 1 June 2006 Dalam taun 2011, bisi diripotka penyampau mensia mayuh ke datai misa ninting minggu di Dublin iya nya 18% lalu baruh agi ba raban nembiak rebak baru.
thumb|St Mary's Pro-Cathedral is the seat of the Catholic Church in Dublin.
thumb|St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, is the national Cathedral of the Church of Ireland.

Gerija Ireland, enggau 2.7% ari penyampau tubuh, nyadi denominasyen Kristian kedua pemadu besai. Penyampau kaban nurun sepemanjai abad kedua puluh tang ngasaika penambah ba pun abad ke-21 begulai enggau denominasi Kristian bukai. Denominasyen Protestan ke bukai ke besai reti iya nya Gerija Presbiterian enggau Gerija Methodist. Imigresyen udah meri pangka ngagai penumbuh penyampau tubuh orang ke bepengarap Hindu enggau Islam. Enti diperatika ari sukut peratus, naka ke diatur pengawa ngitung tubuh taun 2006, pengarap Kristian Ortodoks enggau Islam nyadi pengarap ke pemadu jampat mansang enggau penambah 100% enggau 70%.

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Kategori:Menua ba Eropah

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