Napoleon
{{Infobox royalty
| image      = Jacques-Louis David - The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries - Google Art Project.jpg
| alt          = Portrait of Napoleon in his late thirties, in high-ranking white and dark blue military dress uniform. In the original image he stands amid rich 18th-century furniture laden with papers, and gazes at the viewer. His hair is Brutus style, cropped close but with a short fringe in front, and his right hand is tucked in his waistcoat.
| caption      = ''[[The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries]]'', 1812
| succession   = [[Emperor of the French]]
| reign        = 18 May 1804 – {{Nowrap|6 April 1814}}
| reign-type   = 1st reign
| cor-type     =
| coronation   =
| predecessor  =
| successor    = [[Louis XVIII]]{{Efn|name=louis reign|As [[King of France]]}}
| reign-type1  = [[Hundred Days|2nd reign]]
| reign1       = {{Nowrap|20 March 1815 – 22 June 1815}}
| predecessor1 =
| successor1   = Louis XVIII{{Efn|name=louis reign|As [[King of France]]}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| embed        = yes
| office       = [[First Consul of France|First Consul of the French Republic]]
| term_start   = 13 December 1799
| term_end     = 18 May 1804
}}
| birth_name   =
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| birth_place  = [[Ajaccio]], Corsica
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1821|5|5|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| death_place  = [[Longwood, Saint Helena]]
| burial_date  = 15 December 1840
| burial_place = {{Lang|fr|[[Les Invalides]]|italic=no}}, Paris
| spouses      = {{Plainlist|
* {{Marriage|[[Joséphine de Beauharnais]]|9 March 1796|10 January 1810|end={{Abbr|ann.|annulled}}}}
* {{Marriage|[[Marie Louise of Austria]]|11 March 1810|1814|end={{Abbr|sep.|separated}}}}}}
| religion     =
| regnal name  =
| issue        = [[Napoleon II]]
| issue-link   = #Children 
| issue-pipe   = more…
| full name    =
| house        =
| father       =
| mother       =
| signature    = File:Firma Napoleón Bonaparte.svg
}}

'''Napoleon Bonaparte'''{{Efn|English: {{IPAc-en|n|ə|ˈ|p|oʊ|l|i|ə|n|_|ˈ|b|oʊ|n|ə|p|ɑːr|t}} {{Respell|nə|POH|lee|ən|_|BOH|nə|part}}; {{Lang-fr|link=no|Napoléon Bonaparte}} {{IPA|fr|napɔleɔ̃ bɔnapaʁt|}}.}} (ada '''Napoleone di Buonaparte''';{{Sfnp|Dwyer|2008a|p=xv}}{{Efn|{{IPA|it|napoleˈoːne di ˌbwɔnaˈparte|lang|small=no}}; {{Lang-co|Napulione Buonaparte}} {{IPA|co|napuliˈɔnɛ ˌbwɔnaˈbartɛ|}}.}} 15 Ogos 1769 – 5 Mei 1821), ke udah nya dikelala enggau nama '''Napoleon&nbsp;I''', iya nya siku pemesai soldadu enggau tuai menua Peranchis ti tebilang maya [[Revolusyen Peranchis]] lalu nguluka siri kimpin ti mujur di serata Eropah maya Perang Revolusyen Peranchis enggau Napoleon ari taun 1796 ngagai 1815. Iya nyadi tuai Republik Peranchis nyadi Konsul Keterubah ari taun 1799 ngagai 1815. 1804, udah nya ari [[Empayar Peranchis]] nyadi Maharaja Peranchis ari taun 1804 ngagai 1814, lalu enda lama baru dalam taun 1815.

==Pengidup tumu==
Sida Napoleon sebilik asal ari Itali. Aki ini iya ari sukut apai, Buonapartes, bepun ari ruang bilik orang kaya Tuscany ke mit ke pindah ke Corsica dalam abad ke-16 lalu aki ini iya ari sukut indai, Ramolinos, beturun ari ruang bilik orang kaya ari Lombardy.<ref>{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=2}}</ref>

Apai indai Napoleon, [[Carlo Maria Buonaparte]] enggau [[Maria Letizia Ramolino]], diau ba eumahr[[Maison Bonaparte]] ba [[Ajaccio]], endur Napoleon ada kena 15 Ogos 1769. Iya bisi menyadi tuai, [[Joseph Bonaparte|Joseph]], enggau, udah nya, nam menyadi ke biak agi: [[Lucien Bonaparte|Lucien]], [[Elisa Bonaparte|Elisa]], [[Louis Bonaparte|Louis]], [[Pauline Bonaparte|Pauline]], [[Caroline Bonaparte|Caroline]], enggau [[Jérôme Bonaparte|Jérôme]].<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|pp=xiv, 14}}</ref> Lima iku agi menyadi ada mati tauka enda idup maya agi mit.<ref>{{Harvp|McLynn|1997|p=4}}</ref> Napoleon dibaptisa dalam [[Gerija Katolik]], enggau nama ''Napoleone di Buonaparte''. Maya iya agi biak, nama iya mega disepil ''Nabulione'', ''Nabulio'', ''Napolionne'', enggau ''Napulione''.<ref name="dwyerxv2">{{harvp|Dwyer|2008a|p=xv}}</ref>

Napoleon ada setaun pengudah [[Republik Genoa]] nyerahka Corsica ngagai Peranchis.<ref name="McLynn-1997b">{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=6}}</ref>{{efn|Taja pan [[Sempekat Versailles (1768)|Sempekat Versailles 1768]] enggau formal nyerahka hak Corsica, tang iya mengkang enda dipasukka sekumbang taun 1769.<ref name="McLynn-1997b" /> nyentukka kandang menua nya nyadi sebengkah ari Provinsi ba Peranchis maya taun 1770.<ref>{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=20}}</ref> Corsica deka disegulaika enggau sah nyadi [[Opis Peranchis|opis]] dalam taun 1789.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Corsica |title=Corsica |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171128091618/https://www.britannica.com/place/Corsica |archive-date=28 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfnp|Roberts|2014|p=142}}}} Apai iya nyukung [[Pasquale Paoli]] maya perang merdeka Corsica ngelaban Perancis. Pengudah orang Corsica alah ba [[Perang Ponte Novu]] dalam taun 1769 lalu Paoli dibuai ngagai Britain, Carlo bepangan enggau gabenor Peranchis [[Charles Louis de Marbeuf]], ke nyadi penaung sereta apai petara iya ngagai Napoleon.<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|pp=13-17}}</ref><ref name="Ellis22">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QlzJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 | first=Geoffrey | last=Ellis |title=Napoleon |publisher=Pearson Education Limited |year=1997b |isbn=978-1317874690 |chapter=Chapter 2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220822095518/https://books.google.com/books?id=QlzJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 |archive-date=22 August 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> With Mabeuf's support, Carlo was named Corsican representative to the court of [[Louis XVI]] and Napoleon obtained a royal bursary to a military academy in France.{{sfnp|Cronin|1994|pp=20–21}}<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|pp=16-20}}</ref>

[[File:Carlo Buonaparte.jpg|thumb|upright|left|alt=Half-length portrait of a wigged middle-aged man with a well-to-do jacket. His left hand is tucked inside his waistcoat.|Apai Napoleon, [[Carlo Buonaparte]], belaban ungkup meredeka [[Corsica]] di baruh [[Pasquale Paoli]]. Pengudah sida alah, iya pengujung iya nyadi pengari pulau nya ngagai istana [[Louis XVI]].]]
Pengaruh ti dominan maya Napoleon agi mit iya nya indai iya, ti disiplin iya ti tegap nagang siku anak mit.{{sfnp|Cronin|1994|pp=20–21}} Udah nya, Napoleon madahka, “Nasib anak mit jemah ila endang seruran pengawa indai.”<ref>{{cite book |last=Chamberlain |first=Alexander |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fcYZlz0ezQUC&q=%22The+future+destiny+of+the+child+is+always+the+work+of+the+mother%22&pg=PA385 |title=The Child and Childhood in Folk Thought: (The Child in Primitive Culture) |date=1896 |publisher=MacMillan |isbn=978-1-4219-8748-4 |page=385 |access-date=15 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227171711/https://books.google.com/books?id=fcYZlz0ezQUC&q=%22The+future+destiny+of+the+child+is+always+the+work+of+the+mother%22&pg=PA385#v=onepage&q=%22The%20future%20destiny%20of%20the%20child%20is%20always%20the%20work%20of%20the%20mother%22&f=false |archive-date=27 February 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Latar belakang Napoleon ti mulia sereta kaya enggau sederhana meri iya peluang belajar ti besai agi ari ti bisi ba orang Korsika tipikal maya nya.{{sfnp|Cronin|1994|p=27}}

Kena bulan Januari 1779, lebuh umur iya 9 taun, Napoleon pindah ngagai tanah besai Peranchis lalu masuk sekula pengarap di [[Autun]] ngambika ulih ngemanahka agi jaku Peranchis iya (jaku asal iya nya dialek Itali Korsika).<ref name="Parker-1971">{{cite journal |last=Parker |first=Harold T. |date=1971 |title=The Formation of Napoleon's Personality: An Exploratory Essay |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/286104 |url-status=live |journal=French Historical Studies |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=6–26 |doi=10.2307/286104 |jstor=286104 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225135113/https://www.jstor.org/stable/286104 |archive-date=25 February 2018 |access-date=2 December 2023|issn = 0016-1071 }}</ref>{{sfnp|Roberts|2014|p=11}}<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|p=19}}</ref> Taja pan pengujung iya landik bejaku Peranchis, tang iya bejaku ngena aksen Korsika lalu sepil jaku Peranchis iya enda manah.<ref>{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=18}}</ref>

Kena bulan Mei, iya pindah ngagai akademi soldadu ba [[Brienne-le-Château]] ke alai iya seruran dibuli bala kaban iya ketegal aksen, endur ada, tubuh pandak, ulah, enggau jaku Peranchis ke enda manah.<ref name="Parker-1971" /> Iya enda mayuh bejaku sereta melankolis, lalu rindu macha. Siku pemeresa beratika Napoleon "seruran dibida ketegal aplikasyen iya dalam matematik. Iya chukup landik enggau sejarah enggau geografi&nbsp;... Nembiak lelaki tu deka nyadi pelayar ti chukup manah".{{efn|Aside from his name, there does not appear to be a connection between him and [[Napoleon's theorem]].{{sfnp|Wells|1992|p=74}}}}<ref>{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=21}}</ref>

Siti cherita Napoleon ba sekula nya iya nya iya nguluka nembiak sekula primari menang ngelaban nembiak sekula kanan dalam pekit bola salji, ti dikumbai mandangka penau iya nyadi ketuai.{{sfnp|Chandler|1973|pp=12–14}} Tang cherita tu semina ditusui pengudah Napoleon udah tebilang.<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|pp=22-23}}</ref> Ba taun-taun ke udah ba Brienne, Napoleon nyadi siku nasionalis Korsika ti terang sereta rinduka Paoli.<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|p=28}}</ref>

Kena bulan September 1784, Napoleon diterima masuk ngagai ''[[École militaire]]'' di Paris ke alai iya belatih nyadi pemesai artileri. Iya nyulut ba matematik, lalu mayuh macha dalam geografi, sejarah enggau litaricha. Taja pia, iya seranta ba jaku Peranchis enggau Jereman.<ref>{{Harvp|Zamoyski|2018|pp=26, 30-31}}</ref> Pemati apai iya dalam bulan Februari 1785 ngurangka penatai pemisi sida sebilik lalu ngujungka iya nembuka kus dua taun nya dalam timpuh setaun. Kena bulan September iya diperesa saintis tebilang [[Pierre-Simon Laplace]] lalu nyadi orang Korsika keterubah nembuka pelajar ari ''École militaire''.<ref name="dwyer422">{{harvp|Dwyer|2008a|pages=38-42}}</ref><ref>{{harvp|McLynn|1997|p=26}}</ref>

== Nota ==
<references group="lower-alpha" />

== Penyanding ==
{{reflist}}
Napoleon Bonaparte (ada Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 Ogos 1769 – 5 Mei 1821), ke udah nya dikelala enggau nama Napoleon I, iya nya siku pemesai soldadu enggau tuai menua Peranchis ti tebilang maya Revolusyen Peranchis lalu nguluka siri kimpin ti mujur di serata Eropah maya Perang Revolusyen Peranchis enggau Napoleon ari taun 1796 ngagai 1815. Iya nyadi tuai Republik Peranchis nyadi Konsul Keterubah ari taun 1799 ngagai 1815. 1804, udah nya ari Empayar Peranchis nyadi Maharaja Peranchis ari taun 1804 ngagai 1814, lalu enda lama baru dalam taun 1815.

Pengidup tumu
Sida Napoleon sebilik asal ari Itali. Aki ini iya ari sukut apai, Buonapartes, bepun ari ruang bilik orang kaya Tuscany ke mit ke pindah ke Corsica dalam abad ke-16 lalu aki ini iya ari sukut indai, Ramolinos, beturun ari ruang bilik orang kaya ari Lombardy.

Apai indai Napoleon, Carlo Maria Buonaparte enggau Maria Letizia Ramolino, diau ba eumahrMaison Bonaparte ba Ajaccio, endur Napoleon ada kena 15 Ogos 1769. Iya bisi menyadi tuai, Joseph, enggau, udah nya, nam menyadi ke biak agi: Lucien, Elisa, Louis, Pauline, Caroline, enggau Jérôme. Lima iku agi menyadi ada mati tauka enda idup maya agi mit. Napoleon dibaptisa dalam Gerija Katolik, enggau nama Napoleone di Buonaparte. Maya iya agi biak, nama iya mega disepil Nabulione, Nabulio, Napolionne, enggau Napulione.

Napoleon ada setaun pengudah Republik Genoa nyerahka Corsica ngagai Peranchis. Apai iya nyukung Pasquale Paoli maya perang merdeka Corsica ngelaban Perancis. Pengudah orang Corsica alah ba Perang Ponte Novu dalam taun 1769 lalu Paoli dibuai ngagai Britain, Carlo bepangan enggau gabenor Peranchis Charles Louis de Marbeuf, ke nyadi penaung sereta apai petara iya ngagai Napoleon. With Mabeuf's support, Carlo was named Corsican representative to the court of Louis XVI and Napoleon obtained a royal bursary to a military academy in France.

thumb|upright|left|alt=Half-length portrait of a wigged middle-aged man with a well-to-do jacket. His left hand is tucked inside his waistcoat.|Apai Napoleon, Carlo Buonaparte, belaban ungkup meredeka Corsica di baruh Pasquale Paoli. Pengudah sida alah, iya pengujung iya nyadi pengari pulau nya ngagai istana Louis XVI.
Pengaruh ti dominan maya Napoleon agi mit iya nya indai iya, ti disiplin iya ti tegap nagang siku anak mit. Udah nya, Napoleon madahka, “Nasib anak mit jemah ila endang seruran pengawa indai.” Latar belakang Napoleon ti mulia sereta kaya enggau sederhana meri iya peluang belajar ti besai agi ari ti bisi ba orang Korsika tipikal maya nya.

Kena bulan Januari 1779, lebuh umur iya 9 taun, Napoleon pindah ngagai tanah besai Peranchis lalu masuk sekula pengarap di Autun ngambika ulih ngemanahka agi jaku Peranchis iya (jaku asal iya nya dialek Itali Korsika). Taja pan pengujung iya landik bejaku Peranchis, tang iya bejaku ngena aksen Korsika lalu sepil jaku Peranchis iya enda manah.

Kena bulan Mei, iya pindah ngagai akademi soldadu ba Brienne-le-Château ke alai iya seruran dibuli bala kaban iya ketegal aksen, endur ada, tubuh pandak, ulah, enggau jaku Peranchis ke enda manah. Iya enda mayuh bejaku sereta melankolis, lalu rindu macha. Siku pemeresa beratika Napoleon "seruran dibida ketegal aplikasyen iya dalam matematik. Iya chukup landik enggau sejarah enggau geografi ... Nembiak lelaki tu deka nyadi pelayar ti chukup manah".

Siti cherita Napoleon ba sekula nya iya nya iya nguluka nembiak sekula primari menang ngelaban nembiak sekula kanan dalam pekit bola salji, ti dikumbai mandangka penau iya nyadi ketuai. Tang cherita tu semina ditusui pengudah Napoleon udah tebilang. Ba taun-taun ke udah ba Brienne, Napoleon nyadi siku nasionalis Korsika ti terang sereta rinduka Paoli.

Kena bulan September 1784, Napoleon diterima masuk ngagai École militaire di Paris ke alai iya belatih nyadi pemesai artileri. Iya nyulut ba matematik, lalu mayuh macha dalam geografi, sejarah enggau litaricha. Taja pia, iya seranta ba jaku Peranchis enggau Jereman. Pemati apai iya dalam bulan Februari 1785 ngurangka penatai pemisi sida sebilik lalu ngujungka iya nembuka kus dua taun nya dalam timpuh setaun. Kena bulan September iya diperesa saintis tebilang Pierre-Simon Laplace lalu nyadi orang Korsika keterubah nembuka pelajar ari École militaire.

 Nota 

 Penyanding