Martha Ray
{{Infobox person
| name               = <!-- use common name/article title -->
| image              = Martha Ray by Nathaniel Dance (detail).jpg
| alt                = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption            = Martha Ray by [[Nathaniel Dance-Holland|Nathaniel Dance]], 1777 (detail of larger portrait)
| other_names        = 
| birth_name         = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date         = 1746
| birth_place        = 
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=y|1779|04|07|1746||}}
| death_place        = [[Royal Opera House]], [[Covent Garden]], London, England
| death_cause        = Murdered by [[James Hackman]]
| resting_place      = St Nicholas church, [[Elstree]], Hertfordshire, England
| nationality        = British
| occupation         = Singer
| years_active       = 
| known_for          = Mistress of [[John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich]]
| notable_works      = 
}}

'''Martha Ray''' (1746 – 7 April 1779) iya nya siku penyanyi British maya jeman Georgia . Apai iya tukang ngaga korset lalu indai iya kuli ba ruang bilik orang ke tinggi pangkat.<ref name="escapetoexplore.co.uk">{{cite web|title=Rector of Wiveton and the Earl of Sandwich|url=http://escapetoexplore.co.uk//pasttimes/pt_rectorofwiveton.htm|website=escapetoexplore.co.uk|access-date=6 February 2019}} </ref> Iya manah gamal, pintar, sereta landik belagu, lalu mayuh orang ke datai ngagai apai iya rinduka iya.<ref name="escapetoexplore.co.uk" /> Iya tebilang ketegal kaul iya enggau John Montagu, Earl ke-4 Sandwich. Iya diau enggau iya sereta nyadi indu simpan iya kenyau ari umur tujuh belas taun, seraya bini iya benung sakit mental. Iya ngadaka semilan iku anak, lima iku ari sida nya idup, nyengkaum siku luyar enggau orang ti gerah jari Basil Montagu. Dalam kandang maya tu, iya bejalaika pengawa belagu ti mujur, ti ngujungka iya tebilang, kelimpah ari nembuka pelajar iya enggau sukung Lord Sandwich.

== Pengidup enggau pengawa ==
Sandwich ngatur Ray ba sebuah endur diau di Westminster, lalu meri iya elawin ti gerah jari, ngemendarka iya endur diau maya timpuh ti endur iya enggai diau ba rumah iya. Ba mua mayuh, taja pan Sandwich udah bebini, seduai iya nyadi melaki bini.<ref name="escapetoexplore.co.uk" /> Dalam timpuh tu, Ray diberi Sandwich kelala enggau siku soldadu, James Hackman. Hackman nyadi temuai ke suah datai, lalu dipelabaka kala merambu jadi enggau Ray ba beberapa kali, tang iya enggai tiap kali. Pia mega maya tu, Sandwich udah balat berutang. Dipelabaka taja pan Sandwich gerah jari ba pekara belanja ngagai Ray, tang iya nadai meri iya sebarang pengelikun belanja timpuh panjai, ti engka nyadika utai ti ngujungka Ray nerima penyulut Hackman.

Dalam taun 1779, Hackman udah ninggalka Soldadu British<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=11743|page=2|date=8 February 1777}} </ref> lalu tama gerija. Ba sekeda maya, dipelabaka urung taun 1778, Ray enggau Hackman udah ngaul diri enggau chara romantik, tang pengawa tu enda lama, nitihka mayuh ripot ketegal iya pechaya iya nadai belanja enggau status sosial dikena nyukung iya. Taja pia, Hackman udah abis rindu ke Ray, majak chemeru, lalu majak ngiga iya.<ref name="escapetoexplore.co.uk" />

== Pemunuh ==
Kena 7 April 1779,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Chisholm|first1=Kate|title=A killer made senseless by sensibility|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3613725/A-killer-made-senseless-by-sensibility.html|access-date=8 March 2021|work=www.telegraph.co.uk|date=15 March 2014}} </ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Martha Ray – a man she knew but had rejected stepped forward and shot her dead.|url=https://www.watfordobserver.co.uk/news/nostalgia/crimelibrary/martharay/|access-date=8 March 2021|work=www.watfordobserver.co.uk|publisher=Watford Observer}} </ref> begulai enggau kaban rat sereta kaban penyanyi Caterina Galli, Ray pansut ari rumah iya laban deka ngulu pengawa pemerindang opera komik Isaac Bickerstaffe'', Love in a Village''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Fatal_Triangle.html|title=Fatal Triangle|author=John Brewer|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=May 2005|access-date=24 July 2010|archive-date=29 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929211609/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Fatal_Triangle.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Iya udah dikerandau Hackman tumu lemai nya, tang lebuh iya enggai madahka dini endur iya deka bejalai iya nitihka iya ngagai Rumah Opera Diraja di Covent Garden, endur iya munuh iya. Hackman pechaya iya udah ngambi siku agi orang ke dikerindu iya, William Hanger, Baron Coleraine, ti dipeda Hackman lebuh iya betemu ba Covent Garden. Sekalika iya enggau Coleraine bisi kaul enggau pengawa bepangan bedau kala ditetapka enggau terang. Sandwich balat tusah ati enggau pemati iya. Hackman nguji deka nimbak diri berindik ari kes munuh nya, tang semina bakal ke diri empu, lalu ditangkap. Dua hari sepengudah iya dikubur kena 14 April, Hackman diukum gantung, lalu ukum nya dipejalaika kena 19 April ba mua mensia mayuh di Tyburn, London.

Pekara ti nyadi lebuh iya dibunuh nya dikena dalam novel tebilang taun ti dikarang Herbert Croft. 

Ray dikubur dalam bilik besi ba baruh bangku ba gerija St Nicholas, Elstree. Maya pengawa ngemanahka gerija nya dalam taun 1824, bilik besi nya ditemu baru lalu bangkai Ray udah dikalihka ngagai pendam ke nadai tanda ba laman gerija. Dalam taun 1920, Earl ari Sandwich maya nya ngasuh siti batu pendam didirika ba atas pendam nya.

== Penyanding ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliografi ==

* {{Cite book |last=Bard |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TG6IAwAAQBAJ&q=Martha+Ray&pg=PT6 |title=Elstree & Borehamwood Through Time |date=2011 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=9781445628127 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Boswell |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JC-tAwAAQBAJ&q=martha+Ray |title=Facts and Inventions: Selections from the Journalism of James Boswell |date=2014 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=9780300210941 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Brewer |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awehAgAAQBAJ&q=Martha+Ray |title=Sentimental Murder: Love and Madness in the Eighteenth Century (Text Only) |date=2014 |publisher=Harper Collins |isbn=9780007372904 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Levy |first=M. J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N9wDAQAAIAAJ&q=Martha%20Ray |title=Love and Madness: The Murder of Martha Ray, Mistress of the Fourth Earl of Sandwich |date=2004 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=9780060559748 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Lowndes |first=William Thomas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2k9KAAAAYAAJ&q=Martha+Ray&pg=PA1161-IA1 |title=K.Q |date=1834 |publisher=W. Pickering |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=McDonagh |first=Josephine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2hPOqGvf1HwC&pg=PA72 |title=Child Murder and British Culture, 1720–1900 |date=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521781930 |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Prins |first=Yopie |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ri1zDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 |title=Dwelling in Possibility: Women Poets and Critics on Poetry |last2=Shreiber |first2=Maeera |date=2018 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=9781501718175 |language=en}}

== Laman web ke bukai ==

* [http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/person.asp?LinkID=mp54594 Potret ari Galeri Potret Nasional]
* [http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1744146 Penerang pasal pengawa munuh iya ari biografi James Hackman .]
* [http://norfolkcoast.co.uk/pasttimes/pt_rectorofwiveton.htm Pengawa Munuh Martha Ray]
* [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45151 Sejarah British Dalam Talian, Martha Ray]
Martha Ray (1746 – 7 April 1779) iya nya siku penyanyi British maya jeman Georgia . Apai iya tukang ngaga korset lalu indai iya kuli ba ruang bilik orang ke tinggi pangkat.  Iya manah gamal, pintar, sereta landik belagu, lalu mayuh orang ke datai ngagai apai iya rinduka iya. Iya tebilang ketegal kaul iya enggau John Montagu, Earl ke-4 Sandwich. Iya diau enggau iya sereta nyadi indu simpan iya kenyau ari umur tujuh belas taun, seraya bini iya benung sakit mental. Iya ngadaka semilan iku anak, lima iku ari sida nya idup, nyengkaum siku luyar enggau orang ti gerah jari Basil Montagu. Dalam kandang maya tu, iya bejalaika pengawa belagu ti mujur, ti ngujungka iya tebilang, kelimpah ari nembuka pelajar iya enggau sukung Lord Sandwich.

 Pengidup enggau pengawa 
Sandwich ngatur Ray ba sebuah endur diau di Westminster, lalu meri iya elawin ti gerah jari, ngemendarka iya endur diau maya timpuh ti endur iya enggai diau ba rumah iya. Ba mua mayuh, taja pan Sandwich udah bebini, seduai iya nyadi melaki bini. Dalam timpuh tu, Ray diberi Sandwich kelala enggau siku soldadu, James Hackman. Hackman nyadi temuai ke suah datai, lalu dipelabaka kala merambu jadi enggau Ray ba beberapa kali, tang iya enggai tiap kali. Pia mega maya tu, Sandwich udah balat berutang. Dipelabaka taja pan Sandwich gerah jari ba pekara belanja ngagai Ray, tang iya nadai meri iya sebarang pengelikun belanja timpuh panjai, ti engka nyadika utai ti ngujungka Ray nerima penyulut Hackman.

Dalam taun 1779, Hackman udah ninggalka Soldadu British  lalu tama gerija. Ba sekeda maya, dipelabaka urung taun 1778, Ray enggau Hackman udah ngaul diri enggau chara romantik, tang pengawa tu enda lama, nitihka mayuh ripot ketegal iya pechaya iya nadai belanja enggau status sosial dikena nyukung iya. Taja pia, Hackman udah abis rindu ke Ray, majak chemeru, lalu majak ngiga iya.

 Pemunuh 
Kena 7 April 1779,   begulai enggau kaban rat sereta kaban penyanyi Caterina Galli, Ray pansut ari rumah iya laban deka ngulu pengawa pemerindang opera komik Isaac Bickerstaffe, Love in a Village. Iya udah dikerandau Hackman tumu lemai nya, tang lebuh iya enggai madahka dini endur iya deka bejalai iya nitihka iya ngagai Rumah Opera Diraja di Covent Garden, endur iya munuh iya. Hackman pechaya iya udah ngambi siku agi orang ke dikerindu iya, William Hanger, Baron Coleraine, ti dipeda Hackman lebuh iya betemu ba Covent Garden. Sekalika iya enggau Coleraine bisi kaul enggau pengawa bepangan bedau kala ditetapka enggau terang. Sandwich balat tusah ati enggau pemati iya. Hackman nguji deka nimbak diri berindik ari kes munuh nya, tang semina bakal ke diri empu, lalu ditangkap. Dua hari sepengudah iya dikubur kena 14 April, Hackman diukum gantung, lalu ukum nya dipejalaika kena 19 April ba mua mensia mayuh di Tyburn, London.

Pekara ti nyadi lebuh iya dibunuh nya dikena dalam novel tebilang taun ti dikarang Herbert Croft. 

Ray dikubur dalam bilik besi ba baruh bangku ba gerija St Nicholas, Elstree. Maya pengawa ngemanahka gerija nya dalam taun 1824, bilik besi nya ditemu baru lalu bangkai Ray udah dikalihka ngagai pendam ke nadai tanda ba laman gerija. Dalam taun 1920, Earl ari Sandwich maya nya ngasuh siti batu pendam didirika ba atas pendam nya.

 Penyanding 

 Bibliografi 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 Laman web ke bukai 

 Potret ari Galeri Potret Nasional
 Penerang pasal pengawa munuh iya ari biografi James Hackman .
 Pengawa Munuh Martha Ray
 Sejarah British Dalam Talian, Martha Ray