Jeeneysoar
{{Kishtey Fys Baagh
| daah             = #D3D3A4
| ennym            = Jeeneysoaryn
| rheam_fossylagh  = [[Tryassagh Jeianagh]]–[[Kelkagh Jeianagh]], {{Rheam creg-oaylleeagh|231.4|65.5|latest=0}} <small>Ta'n taxon sluightagh [[Aves]] foast ayn jiu</small>
| staydys          = 
| jalloo           = Field_dinos_2.jpg
| fo-heidyl_jalloo = Ushylee er mooin yn ''[[Tyrannosaurus]]'' (er y chlee) as yn ''[[Apatosaurus]]'' (er y jesh) ayns yn [[American Museum of Natural History]]
| lheead_jalloo    = 250px
| reeriaght        = [[baagh|Animalia]]
| phylum           = [[Chordata]]
| fophylum         = [[Vertebrata]]
| rang             = [[Sauropsida]]
| forang           = [[Diapsida]]
| faroardagh       = '''Dinosauria'''<br /><small>[[Richard Owen|Owen]], 1842</small>
| rankyn_aarheynn  = [[Oardagh (bea-oaylleeaght)|Oardee]] as [[Oardagh (bea-oaylleeaght)|fo-oardee]]
| aarheynn         = 
* {{extinct}}'''[[Ornithischia]]'''
** {{extinct}}[[Ankylosauria]]
** {{extinct}}[[Ceratopsia]]
** {{extinct}}[[Ornithopoda]]
** {{extinct}}[[Stegosauria]]
* '''[[Saurischia]]'''
** {{extinct}}[[Sauropodomorpha]]
** [[Theropoda]] (goaill stiagh [[Aves]])
}}
She possan dy chretooryn eigsoylagh va ny '''jeeneysoaryn''' (veih ''δεινός'' "atçhimagh", as ''σαύρα'' "jiolgan" ny [[Greagish]]), ny ny '''jiolganyn atçhimagh''', ren cummal er y Chruinney feie ny smoo na 160 millioon dy vleeantyn, veih'n eash [[Tryassagh|Hryassagh]] (mysh 230 millioon dy vleeantyn er-dy-henney) derrey jerrey yn eash [[Kelkagh (eash)|Chelkagh]] (mysh 65 millioon dy vleeantyn er-dy-henney) tra haink jerrey lesh y chooid smoo jeu dy doaltattym car [[taghyrt mooghee y Chelkagh-Phaleoghienagh]]. V'ad ny [[vertebrata|dreeym-juntee]] thallooin smoo kionnyssagh er y theihll car y lhing oc. Ta recortys ny [[fossyl]]yn taishbyney dy ren ny [[ushag|h-ushagyn]] aafilley mastey ny jeeneysoaryn [[Theropoda|theropodagh]] car yn eash [[Jurassagh|Yurassagh]]. Ren kuse jeu tannaghtyn bio erreish da haghyr taghyrt mooghee y Chelkagh-Phaleoghienagh, goaill stiagh shennayryn jeh dagh ushag t'er mayrn jiu. Er-yn-oyr shen, as rere coryssyn noa-emshyragh, ta ny h-ushagyn coontit myr sorçh dy yeeneysoaryn - yn un phossan ren tannaghtyn bio derrey yn laa t'ain jiu.<ref name=GauthQuer>{{cite book |last1=Gauthier |first1=Jacques|last2=de Querioz|first2=Kevin |title=New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-09-22 |publisher=Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University|isbn=0-912532-57-2|chapter=Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name 'Aves'.|chapterurl=http://vertebrates.si.edu/herps/herps_pdfs/deQueiroz_pdfs/2001gaudeqost.pdf|year=2001 |author=Jacques Gauthier, Lawrence F. Gall, editors.|language = Baarle}}</ref><ref name=Zhou2004>{{cite journal | last1 = Zhou | first1 = Z. | year = 2004 | title = The origin and early evolution of birds: discoveries, disputes, and perspectives from fossil evidence | url = | journal = Naturwissenchaften | volume = 91 | issue = 10| pages = 455–471 | doi = 10.1007/s00114-004-0570-4 |bibcode = 2004NW.....91..455Z }}</ref>

She possan dy chaghlaa dy chretooryn eigsoylagh ad ny jeeneysoaryn; lesh ny smoo na 9,000 dooie ta ny smoo dooieyn 'sy phossan Aves (ushagyn) na ayns possan erbee elley agh ny yeeastyn [[perciformes|perciformagh]].<ref name=Alfaroetal2009>{{enmysearishlioar| screeudeyr=Alfaro, M.E., F. Santini, C. Brock, H. Alamillo, A. Dornburg. D.L. Rabosky, G. Carnevale, and L.J. Harmon | blein=2009| ennym=Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates| earishlioar=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA| ym-lioar=106| earroo=32| duillagyn=13410–13414|pmid=19633192|doi=10.1073/pnas.0811087106|pmc=2715324|bibcode = 2009PNAS..10613410A }}</ref> Ta ny smoo na 500 [[genus]] er lheh,<ref name=Wang&Dodson>{{enmysearishlioar| screeudeyr=Wang, S.C., and Dodson, P. | blein=2006| ennym=Estimating the Diversity of Dinosaurs| earishlioar=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA| ym-lioar=103| earroo=37| duillagyn=13601–13605|pmid= 16954187|doi=10.1073/pnas.0606028103|pmc=1564218|bibcode = 2006PNAS..10313601W }}</ref> as ny smoo na 1,000 dooie dy yeeneysoaryn er lheh,<ref name=AmosBBC>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | screeudeyr=Amos J| kiangley=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7620621.stm | ennym=Will the real dinosaurs stand up? | obbyr= BBC News| datefeddyn=2011-03-23 | date=2008-09-17}}</ref> er nyn soilshaghey magh ec [[shenn-ontoayllee]]yn. Ta dooieyn foast er mayrn as fooillee fossylagh taishbyney dy row jeeneysoaryn ry-gheddyn er dagh mooar-rheynn.<ref name=MacLeod>{{cite journal|author=MacLeod, N, Rawson, PF, Forey, PL, Banner, FT, Boudagher-Fadel, MK, Bown, PR, Burnett, JA, Chambers, P, Culver, S, Evans, SE, Jeffery, C, Kaminski, MA, Lord, AR, Milner, AC, Milner, AR, Morris, N, Owen, E, Rosen, BR, Smith, AB, Taylor, PD, Urquhart, E & Young, JR|title=The Cretaceous–Tertiary biotic transition|year=1997|journal=Journal of the Geological Society|volume=154|issue=2|pages=265–292|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_199703/ai_n8738406/print|doi=10.1144/gsjgs.154.2.0265}}</ref> She [[luss-eeder]]yn va fir jeh ny jeeneysoaryn, as she [[eeder-foalley|eederyn-foalley]] va fir elley jeu. She [[daa-chassagh|daa-chassee]] cooid vooar jeh ny jeeneysoaryn, goaill stiagh ushagyn, agh va cooid vooar elley jeh ny possanyn mooghit nyn [[kiare-chassagh|giare-chassee]], as ren fir jeu caghlaa veih'n daa chass oc gys ny kiare cassyn. Va strughtooryn taishbynys yl-chast ec ram dooieyn lheid as eairkyn as kereenyn, as ren possanyn roie-henndeeagh lhiasaghey neeallaghtyn ushylagh lheid as [[eilley (baagh-oaylleeaght)|eillaghyn craueagh]]. T'ad ny jeeneysoaryn eeanlee ny vertebree etlagh smoo kionneyssagh er y chruinney veih mooghey yn ''[[pterosaur]]'', as ta feanish ayn dy ren dagh jeeneysoar croo idd as brey oohyn er yn aght cheddin as vel ny h-ushagyn noa-emshyragh croo idd as brey oohyn. Ga dy vel enney mooar er ny jeeneysoaryn er çheu yn vooadys mooar oc, va'n chooid smoo jeu cha beg as deiney ny ny sloo.

Haink yn ennym "jeeneysoar" magh ass yn 'ockle Baarlagh "dinosaur" as eh hene er ny chroo 'sy vlein 1842 ec y çhenn-ontoayllee Sostynagh [[Richard Owen]]. T'eh çheet magh ass ny focklyn Greagish ''δεινός'' (''deinos'') "atçhimagh, niartal, yindyssagh, lajer" + ''σαῦρος'' (''sauros'') "jiolgan". Car y chied lieh jeh'n 20oo eash ren y chooid smoo jeh'n phobble oaylleeagh credjal dy nee cretooryn feayr-fuiltagh litçheragh as jee-cheeaylagh v'ayns ny jeeneysoaryn. Ansherbee, ta'n chooid smoo jeh'n ronsaght t'er stiurey veih ny 1970yn taishbyney dy nee cretooryn lheiltagh v'ayndaue as soe yrjit oc as dy row ceaghlaghyn eigsoylagh oc son eddyr-obbraghey sheshoil.

Veih traa feddyn magh ny kied fossylyn jeeneysoaragh 'sy 19oo eash lheah ta ushylee dy yeeneysoaryn ny coipyn goll er ve croghit myr tayrnyssyn ayns thieyn tashtee feie ny cruinney, as haink er ny jeeneysoaryn dy ve nyn gooid jeh cultoor y theihill. T'ad ry-gheddyn ayns lioaryn as scannaneyn lheid as ''[[Jurassic Park (scannane)|Jurassic Park]]'', as ta feddynyn magh noa soilshit magh ec yn ym-ysseraght. 'Sy ghlare chadjin, ta'n fockle "jeeneysoar" ymmydit dy chur sheese er reddyn ro-vooarey, ass oash, ny jeerit gys yn anvioys,<ref name=m-w>{{cite web |url=http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/dinosaur |title=Dinosaur – Definition and More|publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |work= |accessdate=2011-05-06}}</ref> as eh shen soilshey magh yn eie dy nee cretooryn mee-lhoobagh y çhenn heihll v'ayndaue.

== Imraaghyn ==
{{rolleyimraaghyn}}

[[Ronney:Jeeneysoaryn| ]]
[[Ronney:Shenn-ontoaylleeaght]]
[[Ronney:Shenn-vaagh-oaylleeaght]]
She possan dy chretooryn eigsoylagh va ny jeeneysoaryn (veih δεινός "atçhimagh", as σαύρα "jiolgan" ny Greagish), ny ny jiolganyn atçhimagh, ren cummal er y Chruinney feie ny smoo na 160 millioon dy vleeantyn, veih'n eash Hryassagh (mysh 230 millioon dy vleeantyn er-dy-henney) derrey jerrey yn eash Chelkagh (mysh 65 millioon dy vleeantyn er-dy-henney) tra haink jerrey lesh y chooid smoo jeu dy doaltattym car taghyrt mooghee y Chelkagh-Phaleoghienagh. V'ad ny dreeym-juntee thallooin smoo kionnyssagh er y theihll car y lhing oc. Ta recortys ny fossylyn taishbyney dy ren ny h-ushagyn aafilley mastey ny jeeneysoaryn theropodagh car yn eash Yurassagh. Ren kuse jeu tannaghtyn bio erreish da haghyr taghyrt mooghee y Chelkagh-Phaleoghienagh, goaill stiagh shennayryn jeh dagh ushag t'er mayrn jiu. Er-yn-oyr shen, as rere coryssyn noa-emshyragh, ta ny h-ushagyn coontit myr sorçh dy yeeneysoaryn - yn un phossan ren tannaghtyn bio derrey yn laa t'ain jiu.

She possan dy chaghlaa dy chretooryn eigsoylagh ad ny jeeneysoaryn; lesh ny smoo na 9,000 dooie ta ny smoo dooieyn 'sy phossan Aves (ushagyn) na ayns possan erbee elley agh ny yeeastyn perciformagh. Ta ny smoo na 500 genus er lheh, as ny smoo na 1,000 dooie dy yeeneysoaryn er lheh, er nyn soilshaghey magh ec shenn-ontoaylleeyn. Ta dooieyn foast er mayrn as fooillee fossylagh taishbyney dy row jeeneysoaryn ry-gheddyn er dagh mooar-rheynn. She luss-eederyn va fir jeh ny jeeneysoaryn, as she eederyn-foalley va fir elley jeu. She daa-chassee cooid vooar jeh ny jeeneysoaryn, goaill stiagh ushagyn, agh va cooid vooar elley jeh ny possanyn mooghit nyn giare-chassee, as ren fir jeu caghlaa veih'n daa chass oc gys ny kiare cassyn. Va strughtooryn taishbynys yl-chast ec ram dooieyn lheid as eairkyn as kereenyn, as ren possanyn roie-henndeeagh lhiasaghey neeallaghtyn ushylagh lheid as eillaghyn craueagh. T'ad ny jeeneysoaryn eeanlee ny vertebree etlagh smoo kionneyssagh er y chruinney veih mooghey yn pterosaur, as ta feanish ayn dy ren dagh jeeneysoar croo idd as brey oohyn er yn aght cheddin as vel ny h-ushagyn noa-emshyragh croo idd as brey oohyn. Ga dy vel enney mooar er ny jeeneysoaryn er çheu yn vooadys mooar oc, va'n chooid smoo jeu cha beg as deiney ny ny sloo.

Haink yn ennym "jeeneysoar" magh ass yn 'ockle Baarlagh "dinosaur" as eh hene er ny chroo 'sy vlein 1842 ec y çhenn-ontoayllee Sostynagh Richard Owen. T'eh çheet magh ass ny focklyn Greagish δεινός (deinos) "atçhimagh, niartal, yindyssagh, lajer" + σαῦρος (sauros) "jiolgan". Car y chied lieh jeh'n 20oo eash ren y chooid smoo jeh'n phobble oaylleeagh credjal dy nee cretooryn feayr-fuiltagh litçheragh as jee-cheeaylagh v'ayns ny jeeneysoaryn. Ansherbee, ta'n chooid smoo jeh'n ronsaght t'er stiurey veih ny 1970yn taishbyney dy nee cretooryn lheiltagh v'ayndaue as soe yrjit oc as dy row ceaghlaghyn eigsoylagh oc son eddyr-obbraghey sheshoil.

Veih traa feddyn magh ny kied fossylyn jeeneysoaragh 'sy 19oo eash lheah ta ushylee dy yeeneysoaryn ny coipyn goll er ve croghit myr tayrnyssyn ayns thieyn tashtee feie ny cruinney, as haink er ny jeeneysoaryn dy ve nyn gooid jeh cultoor y theihill. T'ad ry-gheddyn ayns lioaryn as scannaneyn lheid as Jurassic Park, as ta feddynyn magh noa soilshit magh ec yn ym-ysseraght. 'Sy ghlare chadjin, ta'n fockle "jeeneysoar" ymmydit dy chur sheese er reddyn ro-vooarey, ass oash, ny jeerit gys yn anvioys, as eh shen soilshey magh yn eie dy nee cretooryn mee-lhoobagh y çhenn heihll v'ayndaue.

 Imraaghyn 

 
Ronney:Shenn-ontoaylleeaght
Ronney:Shenn-vaagh-oaylleeaght