Napoléon
{{WD Kishtey Fys Dooinney
| jalloo = Jacques-Louis David - The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries - Google Art Project.jpg
| fo-heidyl = ''[[Yn Impir Napoléon 'sy Çhamyr Obbree Echey]]'', 1812
| date_ruggyr = {{date_ruggyr|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| boayl_ruggyr = [[Ajaccio]], y Chorskickey
| date_baaish = {{date as eash marroo|1821|5|5|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| boayl_baaish = [[Longwood, Helena Noo]]
}}
'''Napoléon Bonaparte''' (ruggit myr '''Napoleone di Buonaparte''';{{Sfn|Dwyer|2008a|p=xv}}{{efn|{{lang-fr|link=no|Napoléon Bonaparte}}; {{lang-co|Napulione Buonaparte}}.}} 15 Luanistyn 1769 – 5 Boaldyn 1821), va enmyssit ny s'anmey fo'n [[ennym reeoil]] echey, '''Napoléon&nbsp;I''', she impir as anneyder caggee Frangagh dirree dys y vullagh car [[Bun-chaghlaa yn Rank]] as stiur eh [[Coorse caggee Napoléon Bonaparte|faghtyssyn rahoil]] car [[ny Caggaghyn Bun-chaghlaaee Frangagh]]. She toshiagh [[Yn Chied Phobblaght Rangagh|Phobblaght y Rank]] v'eh myr [[Consyllaght y Rank|Consyl]] eddyr 1799 as 1804, as [[Impir ny Frangee]] er [[Chied Impiraght y Rank|Impiraght y Rank]] veih 1804 derrey 1814, as [[Ny Keead Laaghyn|reesht feie tammylt giare ayns 1815]]. Ta e heckteraght pholitickagh as chultooragh foast er mayrn myr toshiagh kelloorit as arganagh. Ghow eh toshiaght rish ram aa-chummaghyn, agh s'mooar yn cremeydys hooar eh kyndagh rish e reill smaghtagh. T'eh coontit myr nane jeh ny h-anneyderyn caggee share v'ayn rieau as t'ad foast jannoo studeyryssyn er e chaggaghyn as faghtyssyn ayns scoillyn caggee feie ny cruinney. Ansherbee, ta screeudeyryn shennaghys foast arganey er cooishyn [[ny Caggaghyn Napoleonagh]], varr eddyr tree as shey millioonyn dy leih, as e phaart freggyrtagh ayndaue.<ref name="Roberts, Andrew 20142">{{harvnb|Roberts|2014|loc=Introduction}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VT7fAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA391 |title=Reader's Guide to Military History |publisher=Routledge |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-135-95970-8 |editor-last=Messenger |editor-first=Charles |pages=391–427}}</ref>

Va Napoléon ruggit er ellan y [[Yn Chorsickey|Chorsickey]] lesh mooinjer jeh sluight yn ooashlaght Iddaalagh.{{sfn|Roberts|2014|p=3}}<ref name="Ellis2">{{cite book |author=Geoffrey Ellis |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QlzJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 |title=Napoleon |publisher=Pearson Education Limited |year=1997 |isbn=978-1317874690 |chapter=Chapter 2 |access-date=22 Luanistyn 2022 |archive-date=22 Luanistyn 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220822095518/https://books.google.com/books?id=QlzJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 |url-status=live }}</ref> V'eh myskidagh rish y vonarkaght Rangagh, as hass eh er çheu yn Vun-chaghlaa Frangagh ayns 1789 tra v'eh shirveish 'syn armee Rangagh, jannoo eabyn e ard-smooinaghtyn y skeaylley dys e halloo ghooghyssagh 'sy Chorskickey. Dirree eh dy tappee ayns ny rhenkyn erreish da [[Stiureydys y Rank]] y hauail tra doardee eh [[13 Vendémiaire|lhiggey er ny h-irreyderyn magh reeoil]]. Ayns 1796, ghow eh toshiaght rish [[Faghtyssyn ny Caggaghyn Bun-chaghlaa Frangagh 'syn Iddaal|faghtys caggee]] noi ny [[Yn vonarkaght Habsburgagh|h-Austeyree]] as nyn gaarjyn Iddaalagh. Chossyn eh ram barriaghtyn as haink eh dy ve ny 'eniagh ashoonagh. Daa vlein ny s'anmey, stiur eh [[Yn faghtys Frangagh 'syn Egypt as 'sy Teer|turrys-contoyrtys caggee dys yn Egypt]] haink dy ve ny chlist-chlaare dys y phooar politickagh. Chur eh bun rish [[Eaght 18 Brumaire|eaght ayns Mee Houney 1799]] as haink eh dy ve ny Chied Chonsyl er y Phobblaght. Ayns 1804, niartee as vooadee eh e phooar, as ren eh [[crooinaghey Napoléon|crooinaghey eshyn hene]] myr Impir ny Frangee.

Chur anchaslyssyn noi'n Reeriaght Unnaneysit rish [[Caggey yn Trass Cochiangley]] roish 1805. Vrish Napoléon y cochiangley shoh lesh barriaghtyn ayns [[faghtys Ulm]] as [[Cah Austerlitz]], hug rish [[jee-skeaylley yn Impiraght Raueagh Vannee]]. Ayns 1806, ghow [[Caggey yn Kiarroo Cochiangley|yn Kiarroo Cochiangley]] armyn noi echey. Chur Napoléon y [[Yn Phroosh|Phroosh]] fo haart ec [[Cah Jena–Auerstedt|cahyn Jena as Auerstedt]], chur eh yn {{lang|fr|''[[Grande Armée]]''}} stiagh 'syn Oarpey Hiar, as chur eh ny [[Impiraght y Roosh|Rooshee]] fo haart ayns Mean Souree 1807 ayns [[Cah Friedland|Friedland]], raad deginee eh ashoonyn castit y Chiarroo Cochiangley doltey rish [[Conaantyn Tilsit]]. Daa vlein ny s'anmey, hass ny h-Austeyree noi ny Frangee reesht car [[Caggey yn Wheiggoo Cochiangley]], agh niartee Napoléon e ghreim harrish yn Oarpey erreish da barriaght y gheddyn ec [[Cah Wagram]].

As eh geearree y [[Yn Corys Mooarheeragh|Corys Mooarheeragh]] y vooadaghey, cur liorish lhiettalys noi'n Vretyn Vooar, ren eh ruegys er [[Lieh-innys yn Ibeir]] as ren eh fogrey dy nee e vraar [[Joseph Bonaparte|Joseph]] [[Monarkaght y Spaainey|Ree yn Spaainey]] ayns 1808. Dirree ny Spaainee as ny Portiugee magh 'sy [[Yn Caggey Lieh-inshagh|Chaggey Lieh-inshagh]] lesh cooney veih'n armee Ghoaldagh, haink gys y jerrey lesh castey da marshyllyn Napoléon. Ren Napoléon launshey [[Ruegys Frangagh er y Roosh|ruegys er y Roosh]] ayns sourey 1812. Haink castey craghoil da'n {{lang|fr|''Grande Armée''}} 'syn aghtys shen. Ayns 1813, heuee yn Phroosh as yn Austeyr rish ny forsaghyn Rooshagh 'sy [[Yn Sheyoo Cochiangley|Çheyoo Cochiangley]], as ayns [[Cah Leipzig]] va armee Napoléon currit fo haart. Ren y cochiangley [[Faghtys 1814 'sy Rank|ruegys er y Rank]] as ghow ad greim er Paarys, raad deginee ad Napoléon y [[Conaant Fontainebleau (1814)|irree ass y chrooin]] ayns Averil 1814. V'eh ceaut ayns eebyrtys dys ellan [[Elba]], eddyr y Chorsickey as yn Iddaal. 'Sy Rank, [[Aachouyr ny Bourbonee 'sy Rank|va ny Bourbonee currit er ash er y troyn]].

Ren Napoléon scaapail ayns Toshiaght Arree 1815 as ghow eh greim er y Rank reesht.<ref>{{cite book |last=Forrest |first=Alan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt6LBgAAQBAJ&q=without+spilling+a+drop+of+blood&pg=PP1 |title=Waterloo: Great Battles |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-19-966325-5 |page=24 |access-date=14 Mean Souree 2021}}</ref> Myr freggyrtys, ren ny Cochaarjyn cur y [[Yn Sheyoo Cochiangley|Sheyoo Cochiangley]] er bun, chur Napoléon fo haart ec [[Cah Waterloo]] ayns Mean Souree 1815. Chur ny Goaldee Napoléon ayns eebyrtys er yn ellan fadaneagh [[Ellan Heleno Noo]] 'sy Cheayn Sheear, raad hooar eh baase ayns 1821 as eh 51 vlein d'eash.

Va builley mooar ec Napoléon er y theihll, chur aachummaghyn jeianit dys y Rank as yn Oarpey Heear{{Efn|Chur eh corys ynsagh theayagh er bun,{{sfn|Grab|2003|page=56}} cheau eh magh ny lorgyn jerrinagh jeh'n [[feodaghys]],<ref name="Broers">{{Cite book |last1=Broers |first1=M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MMgIBFA5AcUC&pg=PA230 |title=The Napoleonic Empire and the New European Political Culture |last2=Hicks |first2=P. |last3=Guimera |first3=A. |date=2012-10-10 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-137-27139-6 |pages=230 |access-date=2 Nollick 2023 |archive-date=2 Nollick 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202040241/https://books.google.com/books?id=MMgIBFA5AcUC&pg=PA230 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Napoléon a ny h-Ewnyn|ren eh seyrey ny h-Ewnyn]] as mynlee chrauee elley,{{sfn|Conner|2004|pp=38–40}} chur eh jerrey rish [[Ard-vrialtys y Spaainey]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pérez |first=Joseph |author-link=Joseph Pérez |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9oL0js9g5kkC&pg=PA98 |title=The Spanish Inquisition: A History |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-11982-4 |pages=98 |access-date=2 Nollick 2023 |archive-date=2 Nollick 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202040241/https://books.google.com/books?id=9oL0js9g5kkC&pg=PA98 |url-status=live }}</ref> ren eh slattyssaghey er son [[Co-chormid noi'n leigh|coadaghyn leighoil]] da ny meanvrastyllyn,{{sfn|Fremont-Barnes|Fisher|2004|p=336}} as ren eh laaraghey pooar y steat ayns ynnyd y lught reill chrauee.{{sfn|Grab|2017|pp=204-211}}}} as greinnaghey lhiassaghey [[ashoon-steat]]yn. Chammah's shen [[Kionneeaght Louisiana|chreck]] eh [[Thalloo Louisiana]] da ny Steatyn Unnaneysit ayns 1803, ren mooadaghey ny Steatyn Unnaneysit er daa cheayrt ny smoo.<ref name="Roberts, Andrew 20142" />{{sfn|Connelly|2006|p=70}} Ansherbee, va recortyssyn mestit echey bentyn rish cairyn sheelnaue as doo-heyrey ny thallooyn fo chosh.{{Efn|Chur eh jerrey rish yn aastan seyr, chur eh jerrey rish reiltys jeeragh-reih, chur eh cremeyderyn e reill stiagh 'sy phryssoon ny magh er eebyrtys, chur eh yn cleabaght stiagh reesht ayns coloinyn y Rank goaill magh [[Bun-chaghlaa Haiti|Haiti]], chur eh lhiettrimys er entreilys deiney gormey as deiney buigh 'sy Rank, leodee eh cairyn ny mraane as ny paitçhyn, chur eh stiagh monarkaght eiraghtagh as yn ooashlaght reesht,{{Sfn|Dwyer|2015a|pp=574-76, 582-84}}{{Sfn|Conner|2004|pp=32-34, 50-51}}{{Sfn|Bell|2015|p=52}} as chur eh ireeyn-magh sheese lesh raghlid.<ref name="Repa22">{{cite news |last=Repa |first=Jan |date=2 December 2005 |title=Furore over Austerlitz ceremony |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4491668.stm |url-status=live |access-date=5 Averil 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420234710/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4491668.stm |archive-date=20 Averil 2010}}</ref>}}

==Noteyn==
{{notelist}}

==Symnaghyn==
{{reflist}}

==Farraneyn-fys==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book|last=Bell|first=David A.|author-link=David A. Bell|title=Napoleon: A Concise Biography|place=Oxford and New York|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0-19-026271-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oNeeCgAAQBAJ|access-date=5 December 2023|archive-date=7 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207110510/https://books.google.com/books?id=oNeeCgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|year=2006|title=Blundering to Glory: Napoleon's Military Campaigns|url=https://archive.org/details/blunderingtoglor00conn_0|url-access=registration|first=Owen|last=Connelly|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7425-5318-7}}
* {{Cite book |last=Conner |first=Susan P. |title=The Age of Napoleon |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-313-32014-4 |location=Westport, Connecticut |url=https://archive.org/details/ageofnapoleon0000conn }}
* {{cite book |first=Philip |last=Dwyer |title=Napoleon: The Path to Power |url=https://archive.org/details/napoleonpathtopo0000dwye |url-access=registration |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2008a |isbn=978-0-300-13754-5 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Dwyer |first=Phillip |title=The Oxford Handbook of the French Revolution |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015a |isbn=978-0-19-963974-8 |editor-last=Andress |editor-first=David |location=Oxford |chapter=Napoleon, the Revolution and the Empire}}
* {{cite book|last1=Fremont-Barnes|first1=Gregory|first2=Todd|last2=Fisher|title=The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise and Fall of an Empire|publisher=Osprey|year=2004|isbn=978-1-84176-831-1|url=http://archive.org/details/napoleonicwarsri0000frem}}
* {{cite book |last=Grab |first=Alexander |url= |title=Napoleon and the Transformation of Europe |date=2003 |publisher=Palgrave|isbn=978-0333682753}}
* {{cite book |last=Grab |first=Alexander |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YJJKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |title=Napoleon and the Transformation of Europe |date=2017 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4039-3757-5 |access-date=2 December 2023 |archive-date=2 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202040240/https://books.google.com/books?id=YJJKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book|last=Roberts|first=Andrew|title=Napoleon: A Life|year=2014|publisher=Penguin Group|isbn=978-0-670-02532-9|url=https://archive.org/details/napoleonlife0000robe}}
{{Refend}}

==Kianglaghyn magh==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.napoleonguide.com/index.htm The Napoleonic Guide] {{en jalloo}}
* [http://www.napoleon-series.org/ Napoleon Series] {{en jalloo}}
* [http://www.napoleonicsociety.com/ International Napoleonic Society] {{en jalloo}}
* [https://www.pbs.org/empires/napoleon/home.html Beashnys] liorish [[PBS]] {{en jalloo}}
* {{Gutenberg author|id=4267}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Napoleon I. | volume= 19 |last= Rose | first= John Holland |author-link= John Holland Rose | pages = 190–211 |short= 1}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Napoleon+I,+Emperor+of+the+French}}
* {{Internet Archive author}}
* {{Librivox author |id=12292}}
* {{Gutenberg|no=3567|name=Memoirs of Napoleon}}
* {{Gutenberg|no=14300|name=The Life of Napoleon I|author=John Holland Rose|author-link=John Holland Rose}}
* {{Gutenberg|no=17579|name=The History of Napoleon Buonaparte|author=John Gibson Lockhart|author-link=John Gibson Lockhart}}
* {{Gutenberg|no=24360|name=The Life of Napoleon I.|author=William Milligan Sloane|author-link=William Milligan Sloane}} Ym-lioar 1/4
* [http://www.shapell.org/Collection/Historical-Figures/Bonaparte-Napoleon Napoleon Personal Manuscripts & Letters]
{{Gutenberg|no=27289|name=The Life of Napoleon I.|author=William Milligan Sloane|author-link=William Milligan Sloane}} Ym-lioar 3/4

{{Gurneil eaghtyrys}}

[[Ronney:Napoléon| ]]
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[[Ronney:Prinsyn Andorra]]
[[Ronney:Karacteyryn ayns Vojna i mir]]
[[Ronney:Politickeyryn Corsickagh]]
[[Ronney:Reeoilid eebrit]]
[[Ronney:Skimmee Armee yn Rank]]
[[Ronney:Anneyderyn Frangagh ayns ny Caggaghyn Napoleonagh]]
[[Ronney:Consyllaght y Rank]]
[[Ronney:Impiryn ny Frangee]]
[[Ronney:Eebyrtee Rangagh]]
[[Ronney:Gineraalyn Frangagh]]
[[Ronney:Kiannoortyn Frangagh yn Egypt]]
[[Ronney:Toshee chaggee Rangagh]]
[[Ronney:Skimmee chaggee Rangagh ayns ny Caggaghyn Napoleonagh]]
[[Ronney:Ashoonaghteyryn Frangagh]]
[[Ronney:Frangee jeh sluight Iddaalagh]]
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[[Ronney:Politickeyryn firryn Frangagh]]
Napoléon Bonaparte (ruggit myr Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 Luanistyn 1769 – 5 Boaldyn 1821), va enmyssit ny s'anmey fo'n ennym reeoil echey, Napoléon I, she impir as anneyder caggee Frangagh dirree dys y vullagh car Bun-chaghlaa yn Rank as stiur eh faghtyssyn rahoil car ny Caggaghyn Bun-chaghlaaee Frangagh. She toshiagh Phobblaght y Rank v'eh myr Consyl eddyr 1799 as 1804, as Impir ny Frangee er Impiraght y Rank veih 1804 derrey 1814, as reesht feie tammylt giare ayns 1815. Ta e heckteraght pholitickagh as chultooragh foast er mayrn myr toshiagh kelloorit as arganagh. Ghow eh toshiaght rish ram aa-chummaghyn, agh s'mooar yn cremeydys hooar eh kyndagh rish e reill smaghtagh. T'eh coontit myr nane jeh ny h-anneyderyn caggee share v'ayn rieau as t'ad foast jannoo studeyryssyn er e chaggaghyn as faghtyssyn ayns scoillyn caggee feie ny cruinney. Ansherbee, ta screeudeyryn shennaghys foast arganey er cooishyn ny Caggaghyn Napoleonagh, varr eddyr tree as shey millioonyn dy leih, as e phaart freggyrtagh ayndaue.

Va Napoléon ruggit er ellan y Chorsickey lesh mooinjer jeh sluight yn ooashlaght Iddaalagh. V'eh myskidagh rish y vonarkaght Rangagh, as hass eh er çheu yn Vun-chaghlaa Frangagh ayns 1789 tra v'eh shirveish 'syn armee Rangagh, jannoo eabyn e ard-smooinaghtyn y skeaylley dys e halloo ghooghyssagh 'sy Chorskickey. Dirree eh dy tappee ayns ny rhenkyn erreish da Stiureydys y Rank y hauail tra doardee eh lhiggey er ny h-irreyderyn magh reeoil. Ayns 1796, ghow eh toshiaght rish faghtys caggee noi ny h-Austeyree as nyn gaarjyn Iddaalagh. Chossyn eh ram barriaghtyn as haink eh dy ve ny 'eniagh ashoonagh. Daa vlein ny s'anmey, stiur eh turrys-contoyrtys caggee dys yn Egypt haink dy ve ny chlist-chlaare dys y phooar politickagh. Chur eh bun rish eaght ayns Mee Houney 1799 as haink eh dy ve ny Chied Chonsyl er y Phobblaght. Ayns 1804, niartee as vooadee eh e phooar, as ren eh crooinaghey eshyn hene myr Impir ny Frangee.

Chur anchaslyssyn noi'n Reeriaght Unnaneysit rish Caggey yn Trass Cochiangley roish 1805. Vrish Napoléon y cochiangley shoh lesh barriaghtyn ayns faghtys Ulm as Cah Austerlitz, hug rish jee-skeaylley yn Impiraght Raueagh Vannee. Ayns 1806, ghow yn Kiarroo Cochiangley armyn noi echey. Chur Napoléon y Phroosh fo haart ec cahyn Jena as Auerstedt, chur eh yn  stiagh 'syn Oarpey Hiar, as chur eh ny Rooshee fo haart ayns Mean Souree 1807 ayns Friedland, raad deginee eh ashoonyn castit y Chiarroo Cochiangley doltey rish Conaantyn Tilsit. Daa vlein ny s'anmey, hass ny h-Austeyree noi ny Frangee reesht car Caggey yn Wheiggoo Cochiangley, agh niartee Napoléon e ghreim harrish yn Oarpey erreish da barriaght y gheddyn ec Cah Wagram.

As eh geearree y Corys Mooarheeragh y vooadaghey, cur liorish lhiettalys noi'n Vretyn Vooar, ren eh ruegys er Lieh-innys yn Ibeir as ren eh fogrey dy nee e vraar Joseph Ree yn Spaainey ayns 1808. Dirree ny Spaainee as ny Portiugee magh 'sy Chaggey Lieh-inshagh lesh cooney veih'n armee Ghoaldagh, haink gys y jerrey lesh castey da marshyllyn Napoléon. Ren Napoléon launshey ruegys er y Roosh ayns sourey 1812. Haink castey craghoil da'n  'syn aghtys shen. Ayns 1813, heuee yn Phroosh as yn Austeyr rish ny forsaghyn Rooshagh 'sy Çheyoo Cochiangley, as ayns Cah Leipzig va armee Napoléon currit fo haart. Ren y cochiangley ruegys er y Rank as ghow ad greim er Paarys, raad deginee ad Napoléon y irree ass y chrooin ayns Averil 1814. V'eh ceaut ayns eebyrtys dys ellan Elba, eddyr y Chorsickey as yn Iddaal. 'Sy Rank, va ny Bourbonee currit er ash er y troyn.

Ren Napoléon scaapail ayns Toshiaght Arree 1815 as ghow eh greim er y Rank reesht. Myr freggyrtys, ren ny Cochaarjyn cur y Sheyoo Cochiangley er bun, chur Napoléon fo haart ec Cah Waterloo ayns Mean Souree 1815. Chur ny Goaldee Napoléon ayns eebyrtys er yn ellan fadaneagh Ellan Heleno Noo 'sy Cheayn Sheear, raad hooar eh baase ayns 1821 as eh 51 vlein d'eash.

Va builley mooar ec Napoléon er y theihll, chur aachummaghyn jeianit dys y Rank as yn Oarpey Heear as greinnaghey lhiassaghey ashoon-steatyn. Chammah's shen chreck eh Thalloo Louisiana da ny Steatyn Unnaneysit ayns 1803, ren mooadaghey ny Steatyn Unnaneysit er daa cheayrt ny smoo. Ansherbee, va recortyssyn mestit echey bentyn rish cairyn sheelnaue as doo-heyrey ny thallooyn fo chosh.

Noteyn

Symnaghyn

Farraneyn-fys

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Kianglaghyn magh

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Ronney:Skimmee chaggee Rangagh ayns ny Caggaghyn Napoleonagh
Ronney:Ashoonaghteyryn Frangagh
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