Bawang putih
{{Taxobox|name=Bawang putih|image=Garlic.jpg|image_width=240px|image_caption=Bawang putih|regnum=[[Plantae]]|unranked_subregnum=[[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]|unranked_divisio=[[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]|unranked_classis=[[Tumbuhan berkeping biji tunggal|Monokotil]]|ordo=[[Asparagales]]|familia=[[Alliaceae]]|subfamilia=Allioideae|tribus=Allieae|genus=''[[Allium]]''|species='''''A. sativum'''''|binomial=''Allium sativum''|binomial_authority=[[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]}}

'''Bawang putih''' (''Allium sativum''; {{lang-en|garlic}}) adalah ngaran [[tanaman]] matan [[genus]] [[Allium]] salajuran ngaran matan bungkah nang dihasilakan.<ref name="AN">{{cite web|title=AllergyNet&nbsp;— Allergy Advisor Find|url=http://www.allallergy.net/fapaidfind.cfm?cdeoc=684|publisher=Allallergy.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615004222/http://allallergy.net/fapaidfind.cfm?cdeoc=684|archive-date=2010-06-15|dead-url=yes|accessdate=April 14, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Block2010">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=6AB89RHV9ucC&printsec=frontcover|title=Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science|author=Block, E.|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|year=2010|isbn=0-85404-190-7}}</ref> Bungkah ngini baisi riwayat pamakaian lawan manusia salawas labih rahatan 7.000 tahun, tautama tumbuh di [[Asia Tengah|Asia Tangah]],<ref>Ensminger, AH (1994). ''Foods & nutrition encyclopedia, Volume 1''. CRC Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8493-8980-1. p. 750</ref> wan hudah lawas manjadi bahan makanan di dairah sakuliling [[Laut Tengah]], lawan juwa bumbu rajin di [[Asia]], [[Afrika]], wan [[Eropa]]. Dipinandui di catatan [[Mesir kuno]], dipakai baik sawagai campuran [[Makanan|masakan]] lawan jua gasan tatamba.<ref name="S&S">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/simonschustersgu0000simo|title=Simon & Schuster's Guide to Herbs and Spices|author=Simonetti, G.|publisher=Simon & Schuster, Inc|year=1990|isbn=0-671-73489-X|editor=Schuler, S.}}</ref> bungkah matan tanaman bawang putih marupakan bahan utama gasan bumbu dasar masakan [[Indonesia|Indunisia]].

Bawang putih mantah hibak duwa sanyawa-sanyawa [[sulfur]], tamasuk zat kimia nang disambat lawan [[alliin]] nang maulah bawang putih mantah tarasa ''getir'' atawa ''angur''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Shinsuke Imai, Kaori Akita, Muneaki Tomotake, and Hiroshi Sawada|year=2006|title=Model Studies on Precursor System Generating Blue Pigment in Onion and Garlic|journal=J. Agric. Food Chem.|volume=54|issue=3|pages=848–852|doi=10.1021/jf051980f|pmid=16448193}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Jungeun Cho, Seung Koo Lee, B.S. Patil, Eun Jin Lee, Kil Sun Yoo|title=Separation of blue pigments in crushed garlic cloves: the color-forming potential of individual amino acids|url=http://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=841_66|dead-url=yes|journal=II International Symposium on Human Health Effects of Fruits and Vegetables: FAVHEALTH 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825190202/http://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=841_66|archive-date=2018-08-25|access-date=2015-02-09}}</ref>

== Kagunaan ==
Bawang putih dipakai sawagai [[Bumbu dapur|bumbu]] nang rancak dipakai di saban makanan Indunisia. Sabalum dipakai sawagai bumbu, bawang putih dihancurakan duwa ditikin duwa bilah lading (dikeprek) sabalum dirajang halus wan ditumis di rinjinf duwa sikit minyak lamak. Bawang putih bisa juwa dihaluskan duwa bamacam parian bahan bumbu nang lain.

Bawang putih baisi khasiat sawagai [[antibiotik]] alami di dalam awak nusia.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nE1JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA136|title=1001 Makanan Sehat|last=Tim Naviri|first=|date=2015|publisher=Elex Media Komputindo|isbn=978-602-02-5796-9|location=|pages=136|url-status=live}}</ref> Salaya sawagai antibiotik wan bumbu masakan, bawang putih juwa bamanpaat gasan kasihatan kuku nang barubusan wan manipis. Caranya, ambil sasiung bawang putih imbah ngitu dilalu kuyak wan hiris. Gisangakan hirisan bawang putih ka atas parmukaan kuku nang pina barubusan.

=== ''Efek'' samping wan maracun ===
Bawang putih ditahui kawa maulah muntung ([[halitosis]]) wan awak babau, nang digambarakan sawagai "bau bawang" nang haring. Hal ini marga lawan ''allyl methyl sulfide'' (AMS). AMS adalah banyu volatil nang dihisap ka dalam darah salawas ''metabolisme'' sanyawa sulfur nang tumatan bawang putih;matandarah, zat itu nang imbahnya maalir ka paru-paru.<ref name="Block2010" /> Zat ini juwa tatandak di kulimbit, di mana inya dipancarkan malalui pori-pori kulit. Mambasuh kulit duwa sabun manghilangkan sapalihnya haja wan kada sampuraka gasan mahilangakan bau. Studi hudah manunjukakan bahwa manginum susu rahatan baimbai duwa mamakan bawang putih kawa sacara ''signifikan'' manitralisir bau muntung.<ref name="milk">{{cite web|date=August 31, 2010|title=Drinking a glass of milk can stop garlic breath|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-11138979|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=August 31, 2010}}</ref> Bbawang putih nang dikambuh duwa susu di muntung sabalum managuk mangurangi bau tabaik pada manginum susu imbahnya.<ref name="milk" /> Banyu putih, [[kulat]] wan [[cancarum]] juwa hingkat mangurangi bau; kambuhan lamak duwa banyu nang ditamui dalam susu, bagaimanapun, adalah nang paling bagus.<ref name="milk" />

== Itihi jua ==
{{resep}}

* [[Bawang basanga]]
* [[Bawang Laba]]

== Jujuhutan ==
{{reflist}}

=== Pustaka ===

* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/onfoodcookingsci0000mcge_e4f3|title=On Food and Cooking (Revised Edition)|author=McGee, Harold|publisher=Scribner|year=2004|isbn=0-684-80001-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/onfoodcookingsci0000mcge_e4f3/page/310 310]–3|chapter=The Onion Family: Onions, Garlic, Leeks}}

== Pranala luar ==
{{cookbook}} {{Wikibooks|Horticulture|Garlic}} {{Wikibooks|Ethnomedicine|Home Remedies#Garlic|Garlic}}{{Commons category|Allium sativum|Garlic}}

* {{Wikispecies-inline|Allium sativum|Garlic}}
* {{Wiktionary-inline|garlic}}
* [http://database.prota.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=QBE_QUERY&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdatabase.prota.org%2Fsearch.htm&TN=PROTAB~1&QB0=AND&QF0=Species+Code&QI0=Allium+sativum&RF=Webdisplay PROTAbase on ''Allium sativum''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003064026/http://database.prota.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=QBE_QUERY&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdatabase.prota.org%2Fsearch.htm&TN=PROTAB~1&QB0=AND&QF0=Species+Code&QI0=Allium+sativum&RF=Webdisplay|date=2018-10-03}}
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Allium+sativum Garlic]: Plants For a Future database
* [http://nccam.nih.gov/health/garlic/ataglance.htm National Center for Complementary and Alternative medicine: Herbs at a Glance – Garlic]
* [http://libproject.hkbu.edu.hk/was40/detail?lang=en&channelid=1288&searchword=herb_id=D00360 Allium sativum L.] Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) {{en icon}}

{{rempah-rempah}} {{Allium}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q23400}}
Bawang putih (Allium sativum; ) adalah ngaran tanaman matan genus Allium salajuran ngaran matan bungkah nang dihasilakan. Bungkah ngini baisi riwayat pamakaian lawan manusia salawas labih rahatan 7.000 tahun, tautama tumbuh di Asia Tangah,Ensminger, AH (1994). Foods & nutrition encyclopedia, Volume 1. CRC Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8493-8980-1. p. 750 wan hudah lawas manjadi bahan makanan di dairah sakuliling Laut Tengah, lawan juwa bumbu rajin di Asia, Afrika, wan Eropa. Dipinandui di catatan Mesir kuno, dipakai baik sawagai campuran masakan lawan jua gasan tatamba. bungkah matan tanaman bawang putih marupakan bahan utama gasan bumbu dasar masakan Indunisia.

Bawang putih mantah hibak duwa sanyawa-sanyawa sulfur, tamasuk zat kimia nang disambat lawan alliin nang maulah bawang putih mantah tarasa getir atawa angur.

 Kagunaan 
Bawang putih dipakai sawagai bumbu nang rancak dipakai di saban makanan Indunisia. Sabalum dipakai sawagai bumbu, bawang putih dihancurakan duwa ditikin duwa bilah lading (dikeprek) sabalum dirajang halus wan ditumis di rinjinf duwa sikit minyak lamak. Bawang putih bisa juwa dihaluskan duwa bamacam parian bahan bumbu nang lain.

Bawang putih baisi khasiat sawagai antibiotik alami di dalam awak nusia. Salaya sawagai antibiotik wan bumbu masakan, bawang putih juwa bamanpaat gasan kasihatan kuku nang barubusan wan manipis. Caranya, ambil sasiung bawang putih imbah ngitu dilalu kuyak wan hiris. Gisangakan hirisan bawang putih ka atas parmukaan kuku nang pina barubusan.

 Efek samping wan maracun 
Bawang putih ditahui kawa maulah muntung (halitosis) wan awak babau, nang digambarakan sawagai "bau bawang" nang haring. Hal ini marga lawan allyl methyl sulfide (AMS). AMS adalah banyu volatil nang dihisap ka dalam darah salawas metabolisme sanyawa sulfur nang tumatan bawang putih;matandarah, zat itu nang imbahnya maalir ka paru-paru. Zat ini juwa tatandak di kulimbit, di mana inya dipancarkan malalui pori-pori kulit. Mambasuh kulit duwa sabun manghilangkan sapalihnya haja wan kada sampuraka gasan mahilangakan bau. Studi hudah manunjukakan bahwa manginum susu rahatan baimbai duwa mamakan bawang putih kawa sacara signifikan manitralisir bau muntung. Bbawang putih nang dikambuh duwa susu di muntung sabalum managuk mangurangi bau tabaik pada manginum susu imbahnya. Banyu putih, kulat wan cancarum juwa hingkat mangurangi bau; kambuhan lamak duwa banyu nang ditamui dalam susu, bagaimanapun, adalah nang paling bagus.

 Itihi jua 

 Bawang basanga
 Bawang Laba

 Jujuhutan 

 Pustaka 

 

 Pranala luar 
  

 
 
 PROTAbase on Allium sativum 
 Garlic: Plants For a Future database
 National Center for Complementary and Alternative medicine: Herbs at a Glance – Garlic
 Allium sativum L. Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University)