Umar
{{Infobox urang}}
'''ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb''' ({{lang-ar|عمر بن خطاب|ʿUmar bin Khaṭṭāb}}, atawa '''Omar''', {{circa|582/583 – 644}}) tu sahabat Nabi Islam [[Muhammad]] wan khalifah kadua [[Kakhalifahan Rasyidin]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Umar I {{!}} Muslim caliph |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Umar-I|access-date=22 August 2017}}</ref>

Umar digalari sajadi ''al-Faruq'' (nang kawa mambedakan nag bujur wan kada) uleh Muslim.<ref name=EI2>{{Cite encyclopedia|author=Bonner, M. |author2=Levi Della Vida, G.| title=Umar (I) b. al-K̲h̲aṭṭāb|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam| edition=Second |publisher=Brill |editor=P. Bearman |editor2=Th. Bianquis |editor3=C.E. Bosworth |editor4=E. van Donzel |editor5=W.P. Heinrichs|volume=10|page=820}}</ref> Inya disabut sajadi sahabat Nabi nang paling utama sasudah [[Abu Bakar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnah.com/bukhari/62/21|title=Hadith – Book of Companions of the Prophet – Sahih al-Bukhari – Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)|work=Sunnah.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnah.com/bukhari/62/14|title=Hadith – Book of Companions of the Prophet – Sahih al-Bukhari – Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)|work=Sunnah.com}}</ref>

Sataan pang maninggalnya [[Abu Bakar]], inya sampat bewasiat nang isinya manunjuk Umar sajadi panggantinya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qkUkAQAAIAAJ&q=Umar+led+the+funeral+prayer+for+Abubakar,+and+he+was+buried+with+the+Muhammad|title=Islamic Review|date=15 April 1967|publisher=Shah Jehan Mosque.|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alim.org/library/biography/khalifa/content/KAB/18/2|title=Islamic history of Khalifa Abu Bakr – Death of Abu Bakr &#124; Al Quran Translations &#124; Alim|website=www.alim.org|access-date=2023-04-08|archive-date=2020-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031131259/http://www.alim.org/library/biography/khalifa/content/KAB/18/2|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Umar melanjutkan panaklukan-panaklukan nang dimulai Abu Bakar sabalumnya.<ref>{{cite book |last=Nardo |first=Don |author-link=Don Nardo |title=The Islamic Empire |publisher=Lucent Books |year=2011 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicempire0000nard/page/30 30]–32 |isbn=9781420506341 |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicempire0000nard |url-access=registration|ref={{sfnref|Nardo|2011}}}}</ref> Inya jua manjadi urang patama nang meandak kabijakan-kabijakan untuk meurus negara.<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Caliphate.html |title=The Caliphate |publisher=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org |access-date=2014-04-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709172610/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Caliphate.html |archive-date=2014-07-09 }}</ref> Salah satu tindakannya nang jadi sorotan pada masa itu ialah kunjungannya ke [[Yerussalem]].<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org"/> Pada saat kunjungan itu, inya membolehkan urang Yahudi tinggal lagi di [[Yerussalem]], wan mambiarakan gereja tatap ada.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dubnow|first=Simon|title=History of the Jews: From the Roman Empire to the Early Medieval Period|year=1968|publisher=Cornwall Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MZ2MwNzB69IC&pg=PA326|volume=2|page=326|isbn=978-0-8453-6659-2}}</ref>

Umar adalah khalifah patama nang mamakai galaran ''[[Amirul Mukminin]]''.{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=49}} Kabarhasilam Umar dalam panaklukan militer wan administrasi negara banyak dipuji-puji uleh para ahli sajarah. Saeed M. Mohstam menulis,<ref>Mohtsham, Saeed M., [http://www.bizresearchpapers.com/Mohtsham.pdf ''Vision and Visionary Leadership – An Islamic Perspective'']</ref>
{{quote|Inya kawa maitihi kabjikan publik dengan teliti babanaran wan kawa manjadikan kahandak publik sajadi pusat pendekatan kapamimpinannya. Sajadi khalifah kadua dalam Islam, inya kada mau manatak tangan panjuntan karana inya marasa sudah gagal memenuhi tanggung jawabnya gasan membarikan gawian nang bagus gasan rakyatnya. Sajadi panguasa nagara nang ganal wan luas, visinya adalah gasan mamastikan bahwa sabarataan urang di wilayah kakuasaannya harus guring nyaman}}
Pamarintahan Umar juga diklaim sajadi pamarintahan di mana umat Islam bersatu sajadi satu komunitas.<ref name="archive.org">{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/UmarIbnAl-KhattabHisLifeAndTimesVolume2/100713541-Umar-Ibn-Al-Khattab-Vol-2#page/n397/mode/2up|title=Umar Ibn Al-Khattab : His Life and Times, Volume 2}}</ref>

Umar maninggal dunia dibunun uleh [[Abu Lu'luah]], budak pirsia nang kada terima kenaikan harga pajak kharaj nang harus inya bayar.{{sfn|Madelung|1997|page=75}} Umar ditusuk pakai pisau bamata dua pas inya lagi maimami sambahyang subuh di Masjid Nabawi.{{sfn|El-Hibri|page=109}}

== Jajuhutan ==
{{Reflist}}
=== Sumber ===
* {{cite book|last1=Madelung|first1=Wilferd|author1-link=Wilferd Madelung|date=1997|title=The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-56181-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2QKBUwBUWWkC|ref={{sfnref|Madelung|1997}}}}
*{{cite book|last1=El-Hibri|first1=Tayeb|date=2010|title=Parable and Politics in Early Islamic History: The Rashidun Caliphs|location=New York|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-15082-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ouwL4dGrTN8C&pg=PA108|ref={{sfnref|El-Hibri|2010}}}}

[[Tumbung:Islam]]
[[Tumbung:Kamatian 644]]
ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (, atawa Omar, ) tu sahabat Nabi Islam Muhammad wan khalifah kadua Kakhalifahan Rasyidin.

Umar digalari sajadi al-Faruq (nang kawa mambedakan nag bujur wan kada) uleh Muslim. Inya disabut sajadi sahabat Nabi nang paling utama sasudah Abu Bakar.

Sataan pang maninggalnya Abu Bakar, inya sampat bewasiat nang isinya manunjuk Umar sajadi panggantinya. Umar melanjutkan panaklukan-panaklukan nang dimulai Abu Bakar sabalumnya. Inya jua manjadi urang patama nang meandak kabijakan-kabijakan untuk meurus negara. Salah satu tindakannya nang jadi sorotan pada masa itu ialah kunjungannya ke Yerussalem. Pada saat kunjungan itu, inya membolehkan urang Yahudi tinggal lagi di Yerussalem, wan mambiarakan gereja tatap ada.

Umar adalah khalifah patama nang mamakai galaran Amirul Mukminin. Kabarhasilam Umar dalam panaklukan militer wan administrasi negara banyak dipuji-puji uleh para ahli sajarah. Saeed M. Mohstam menulis,Mohtsham, Saeed M., Vision and Visionary Leadership – An Islamic Perspective

Pamarintahan Umar juga diklaim sajadi pamarintahan di mana umat Islam bersatu sajadi satu komunitas.

Umar maninggal dunia dibunun uleh Abu Lu'luah, budak pirsia nang kada terima kenaikan harga pajak kharaj nang harus inya bayar. Umar ditusuk pakai pisau bamata dua pas inya lagi maimami sambahyang subuh di Masjid Nabawi.

 Jajuhutan 

 Sumber 
 

Tumbung:Islam
Tumbung:Kamatian 644