Mbubek òkije itibi Sayara

[[File:French_language_map_of_Central_and_Eastern_Africa_1862.jpg|thumb|Ogugo-ijọn̄ egebe me usem Furenchi òkijeen̄ esese oniin̄ ewe òkije itibi Èwê Sayara (1862)]]
Mbubek òkije itibi Sayara ìre inyam-ewe òkokimọnọ irek me etete ebi Afirika Inyọn̄ mè ebi Afirika agan̄ Osiki Sayara, echi òdo ibe ekọp esaba Èwê Sayara. Ubọk geelek îrebe ke mbubek yi ìbene karake ukot ukot, mgbọ înyebe ebon ichit ìre emen òso senturi 8 ire ibebene òso senturi 17 AO. Me emen mgbọ ge, ere Èwê Sayara okupbe mgbọ keyi ìre esese ere-nluk mè ikaan̄ esese irek isinyọn̄ [climate].Me Libia mè Aljeria, bene me inu òbelek emen acha 7000 SK, ikpukpo-anam (ikpukpukpo arọọn̄ mè ebot), mè ere-nluk ogbogbo ene ekupbe mè isasa ibat ibot inu, îwuulek ikukup. Ikukkpukpo eriembuuk ìbene me Sayara agan̄ etete (òrere Ayaga) me etete 4000 mè 3500 SK. Inu echi òsibi esese egwookbe me lek ewuuk (eyi ifuk-mgbọ kabọn obebe ke egwook me etete 3500 re 2500 SK) me agan̄ ijọn̄ cha òninin̄ ora mgbọ keyi, îjeen̄ esese uti mè anam eyi ikakupge me èwê ya me ukot keyi.<ref name="Shillington">{{cite book |last=Shillington |first=Kevin |author-link=Kevin Shillington |orig-year=1989 |year=1995 |title=History of Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofafrica00shil |url-access=registration |edition=Second |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofafrica00shil/page/32 32] |isbn=0-333-59957-8}}</ref>

Kubọk èwê, lek ijọn̄ Sayara mgbọ keyi ìre ikpele lek ijọn̄ òyọyọt enenen iluluk. Îche ugwem mbubek agan̄ Mediterenia isan̄a me lek ugwem mbubek echi agan̄ cha òkup igbet Okwaan̄ Naijà. Ike Fernand Braudel otumube, ijeje isaba agan̄ òkup ikeya, ògak ge, me ikarege uji-ijọn̄ òkikọp lek kan̄ ke esa isi ije ya, ìsibi inu ire gaalek ke oruru ekikpọ chieen̄ ikakaan̄ imin igak unan òkup me lek.<ref>{{cite book|last=Braudel|first=Fernand|url=https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/big-history-project/agriculture-civilization/first-cities-states/a/the-ghana-empire-1|title=The Ghana Empire (article)|publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper & Row]]|year=1984|series=Civilization and Capitalism|volume=III|language=en|author-link=Fernand Braudel|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> Îre urum aligọ ke ekisa ikọp isi inyam ewe yi. Usini urum cha mîkikaan̄ aligọ iwa iraka 1000, sà usini urum ke aligọ okiwa iso 12,000.<ref>{{cite news |first=David |last=Rouge |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL1621182 |title=Saharan salt caravans ply ancient route |work=[[Reuters]] |date=21 February 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/2007/2/07.02.06.x.html |title=An African Pilgrim-King and a World-Traveler: Mansa Musa and Ibn Battuta}}</ref> Ebi Bebà ekpebe ulobo otu ikpoko inyi ekibem urum aligọ cha, mije ema mîriọọn̄ emen èwê cha ijaan̄ lek; ema si mêkọt ibem urum aligọ cha me lek ebi ìkijijen̄e me emen èwê cha. Njennyisi  urum cha ìkibieen̄ me lek igbagbala chieen̄ idọmọ inu itat: mêria ebi ene ibe elibi efo isi lek <oases> esi echim mun̄ esibi esun̄ eban urum cha owuwa usen sabum mênirere ere ya, mije urum aligọ cha kpebekọt iben mun̄ òboso ema me otutuuk inyọn̄ ije kiban̄ cha.

Ike ekinyam ewe ya, mekikween̄ orọmijọn̄ mè erumfaka ebi ìkininyam ewe cha. Owuwa ido me Afirika agan̄ Ichep-ura mîbọkọ ubọk ige-inu  mè erumfaka eyi Arabu ìnan̄a me Afirika agan̄ Inyọn̄, eya onenirọ ibe usini ido cha enekana ebi ìkigọọk erumfaka Isilam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Golden Trade of the Moors|last=Bovill|first=E.W.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1958}}</ref>

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[[Ọgbọn̄:Inyam-ewe]]
Mbubek òkije itibi Sayara ìre inyam-ewe òkokimọnọ irek me etete ebi Afirika Inyọn̄ mè ebi Afirika agan̄ Osiki Sayara, echi òdo ibe ekọp esaba Èwê Sayara. Ubọk geelek îrebe ke mbubek yi ìbene karake ukot ukot, mgbọ înyebe ebon ichit ìre emen òso senturi 8 ire ibebene òso senturi 17 AO. Me emen mgbọ ge, ere Èwê Sayara okupbe mgbọ keyi ìre esese ere-nluk mè ikaan̄ esese irek isinyọn̄ [climate].Me Libia mè Aljeria, bene me inu òbelek emen acha 7000 SK, ikpukpo-anam (ikpukpukpo arọọn̄ mè ebot), mè ere-nluk ogbogbo ene ekupbe mè isasa ibat ibot inu, îwuulek ikukup. Ikukkpukpo eriembuuk ìbene me Sayara agan̄ etete (òrere Ayaga) me etete 4000 mè 3500 SK. Inu echi òsibi esese egwookbe me lek ewuuk (eyi ifuk-mgbọ kabọn obebe ke egwook me etete 3500 re 2500 SK) me agan̄ ijọn̄ cha òninin̄ ora mgbọ keyi, îjeen̄ esese uti mè anam eyi ikakupge me èwê ya me ukot keyi.

Kubọk èwê, lek ijọn̄ Sayara mgbọ keyi ìre ikpele lek ijọn̄ òyọyọt enenen iluluk. Îche ugwem mbubek agan̄ Mediterenia isan̄a me lek ugwem mbubek echi agan̄ cha òkup igbet Okwaan̄ Naijà. Ike Fernand Braudel otumube, ijeje isaba agan̄ òkup ikeya, ògak ge, me ikarege uji-ijọn̄ òkikọp lek kan̄ ke esa isi ije ya, ìsibi inu ire gaalek ke oruru ekikpọ chieen̄ ikakaan̄ imin igak unan òkup me lek. Îre urum aligọ ke ekisa ikọp isi inyam ewe yi. Usini urum cha mîkikaan̄ aligọ iwa iraka 1000, sà usini urum ke aligọ okiwa iso 12,000. Ebi Bebà ekpebe ulobo otu ikpoko inyi ekibem urum aligọ cha, mije ema mîriọọn̄ emen èwê cha ijaan̄ lek; ema si mêkọt ibem urum aligọ cha me lek ebi ìkijijen̄e me emen èwê cha. Njennyisi  urum cha ìkibieen̄ me lek igbagbala chieen̄ idọmọ inu itat: mêria ebi ene ibe elibi efo isi lek <oases> esi echim mun̄ esibi esun̄ eban urum cha owuwa usen sabum mênirere ere ya, mije urum aligọ cha kpebekọt iben mun̄ òboso ema me otutuuk inyọn̄ ije kiban̄ cha.

Ike ekinyam ewe ya, mekikween̄ orọmijọn̄ mè erumfaka ebi ìkininyam ewe cha. Owuwa ido me Afirika agan̄ Ichep-ura mîbọkọ ubọk ige-inu  mè erumfaka eyi Arabu ìnan̄a me Afirika agan̄ Inyọn̄, eya onenirọ ibe usini ido cha enekana ebi ìkigọọk erumfaka Isilam.

Ọgbọn̄:Inyam-ewe