Wintanceaster
{{Cyþþubox Bretta tun
|nama=Wintanceaster
|scir=Hāmtūnescīr
|tun biliþ=Winchester cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 1628919.jpg
|tun biliþ gewrit=Wintanceastre Hēafodcirice and burg
|bæcringmet=51.0632° N, 1.308° W
|mennscipe=45,184
|witenagemotstol=Wintanceaster
|feorrspreca forerim=01962
|ærendþegnungburg=Wintanceaster
|ærendrun=SO22, SO23
|læppa=Wintanceaster
}}
'''Wintanceaster''' miclu burg on [[Hāmtūnescīr]]e and þære scīre [[scīrburg]]. Þēos ealdu burg wæs ǣr [[Englaland|Engla rīces]] hēafodstōl þær wæs Engla Cyninga heall.

Sēo ceaster stent æt þæm westernan ende þāra [[Sūþdūnas|Sūþdūna]].  [[Icen sēo ēa]] iernð þurh þes stede.

Ær cwōmon Rōmware on Breten wæs hēr Bretta burg mid hēa dic.  Rōmfolc getimbroden nīwu burg be naman ''Uenta Belgarum'' and æfetweard in þisse stede getimbrode [[Gewisse]] hiera burg, se is Wintanceaster.

Se mǣsta bold in Wintanceatre is [[Wintanceastre Hēafodburg]].  Þēos hēafodburg is onmang [[Europe|Europan]] mastum hēafodburgum and of him hæfþ hēo se lengsta nava and sēo mæste lengu onmang eallum [[Gōtisc boldcræft|Gōtiscum]] hēafodburgum in Europan.

In ðisse ceastre stent [[Wintancestre Gefērscipe]] se in Breten þæt ieldste lēonunghūs giet in his frumum boldum, and ēac is se [[Wintanceastre Eormenngild]] se man gestaðolde swa eorengidl in 206 and wæs ǣror 'Æfredes Cyninges Gerfērscipe'.

Godbegot Hūs be þære Hēa Strǣte wæs [[Ymma Cwēn]]e gebūr.  Of þāra Cyninga sele find man naht, ac [[Heanric III Engla Cyning|Heanric III Cyning]] timbrode nīw heall hēr in þære castle þā [[Willelm I Engla Cyning|Willelm Bastard]] timbrode in his dagum.
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==Stǣr==

===Prehistory===
The area around Winchester has been inhabited since [[Prehistoric Britain|prehistoric times]], with three [[British Iron Age|Iron Age]] [[British hillforts|hillforts]], [[Oram's Arbour]], [[St. Catherine's Hill, Hampshire|St. Catherine's Hill]], and Worthy Down all in the nearby vicinity. In the [[Late Iron Age]], a more urban settlement type developed, known as an [[oppidum]], although the archaeology of this phase remains obscure. It was overrun by the confederation of [[Gauls|Gaulish]] [[list of Celtic tribes|tribes]] known as the [[Belgae]] sometime during the first century BCE. It seems to have been known as '''Wentā''' or '''Venta''', derived from the [[Common Brittonic|Brittonic]] for "town" or "meeting place",<ref>Matasović, Ranko. [http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=17429 "wentā" in the ''Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic'' at ''Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online''. Brill Online, 2014. Accessed 24 July 2014.]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> or the word for "white" ([[Welsh language|Welsh]] ''gwyn''), due to Winchester's situation upon chalk.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Long |first1=Henry Lawes |title=Observations Upon Certain Roman Roads and Towns in the South of Britain |date=1836 |publisher=Nichols and sons |location=Oxford University |isbn=978-1354701065 |page=26 |accessdate=17 October 2018|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iGUGAAAAQAAJ&dqs}}</ref>

===Roman period===
{{Main article|Venta Belgarum}}
After the [[Roman conquest of Britain]], the settlement served as the capital ({{lang-la|civitas}}) of the Belgae and was distinguished as '''Venta Belgarum''', "Venta of the Belgae". Although in the early years of the Roman province it was of subsidiary importance to [[Silchester Roman Town|Silchester]] and [[Noviomagus Reginorum|Chichester]], Venta eclipsed them both by the latter half of the second century.<ref>Cunliffe B. ''Wessex to AD 1000'' 1997</ref> At the beginning of the third century, Winchester was given protective stone walls.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historic-uk.com/DestinationsUK/Winchester.htm |title=Winchester |publisher=Historic-uk.com |date= |accessdate=26 October 2012}}</ref> At around this time the city covered an area of {{convert|144|acres}}, making it among the largest towns in Roman Britain by surface area.<ref name="Roman towns">{{cite web|title=Major Roman Settlements|url=http://www.british-towns.net/maps/roman-roads-map |publisher=British towns|accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> There was a limited suburban area outside the walls.<ref>{{cite web|title=PJO archaeology|url=http://www.pjoarchaeology.co.uk/academic-consultancy/report-winchester-roman-cemeteries-and-suburbs.html|accessdate=22 January 2011}}</ref> Like many other Roman towns however, Winchester began to decline in the later fourth century.<ref name="Roman towns"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.localhistories.org/winchester.html |title=A History of Winchester |publisher=Localhistories.org |date= |accessdate=26 October 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Winchester-alfred-wyrdlight.jpg|thumb|Statue of [[Alfred the Great]] by [[Hamo Thornycroft]] in Winchester]]

===Medieval period===
Following the [[Roman withdrawal from Britain]] in 410, urban life seems to have continued at Venta Belgarum until around 450 AD, and a small administrative centre might have continued after that on the site of the later Anglo-Saxon palace. [[David Nash Ford|Ford]] identifies the community as the {{nowrap|'''Cair Guinntguic'''}}<ref>[[Nennius]] ({{abbr|attrib.|Traditional attribution}}). [[Theodor Mommsen]] ({{abbr|ed.|Editor}}). [[s:la:Historia Brittonum#VI. CIVITATES BRITANNIAE|''Historia Brittonum'', VI.]] Composed after {{sc|ad}}&nbsp;830. {{la icon}} Hosted at [[s:la:Main Page|Latin Wikisource]].</ref> ("[[Caer|Fort]] Venta") listed by [[Nennius]] among the 28 cities of [[Sub-Roman Britain|Britain]] in his ''[[Historia Brittonum|History of the Britons]]''.<ref name=nashford>Ford, David Nash. "[http://www.britannia.com/history/ebk/articles/nenniuscities.html The 28 Cities of Britain]" at Britannia. 2000.</ref> Amid the [[Saxon invasions of Britain]], cemeteries dating to the 6th and 7th centuries suggest a revival of settlement.

[[File:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle - Wintan ceastre (British Library Cotton MS Tiberius A VI, folio 12r).jpg|thumb|left|A mention of Wintan-ceastre in the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'']]
The city became known as '''Wintan-ceastre''' ("Fort Venta") in [[Old English]].<ref name="Anglo-Saxon Dictionary">{{cite web|title='Wintan-ceaster'|url=http://bosworth.ff.cuni.cz/035936|website=Anglo Saxon Dictionary|publisher=Bosworth-Toller|accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> In 648, [[King Cenwalh of Wessex|King Cenwalh]] of [[Kingdom of Wessex|Wessex]] erected the Church of SS Peter and Paul, later known as the [[Old Minster, Winchester|Old Minster]]. This became a cathedral in the 660s when the West Saxon bishopric was transferred from [[Dorchester-on-Thames]]. The present form of the city dates to reconstruction in the late 9th century, when king [[Alfred the Great]] obliterated the Roman street plan in favour of a new grid in order to provide better defence against the [[Viking invasions of Britain|Vikings]]. The city's first mint appears to date from this period.<ref name=WB>{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England|year=2014|edition=2nd|publisher=Wiley Blackwell|isbn=978-0-631-22492-1|title=Winchester|first=John|last=Crook|editors=Lapidge, Michael et al}}</ref>

In the early tenth century there were two new ecclesiastical establishments, the convent of [[Nunnaminster]], founded by Alfred's widow [[Ealhswith]],<ref>*{{cite encyclopedia |first=Marios|last =Costambeys |authorlink=| publisher = Oxford University Press | encyclopedia= Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | title= Ealhswith (d. 902)| year = 2004 | url =http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/39226 | accessdate= 21 June 2014|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/39226 }} {{ODNBsub}}</ref> and the [[New Minster, Winchester|New Minster]]. Bishop [[Æthelwold of Winchester]] was a leading figure in the monastic reform movement of the later tenth century. He expelled the secular canons of both minsters and replaced them with monks. He created the drainage system, the 'Lockburn', which served as the town drain until 1875, and still survives. Also in the late tenth century, the Old Minster was enlarged as a centre of the cult of the ninth century [[Bishop of Winchester]], Saint [[Swithun]]. The three minsters were the home of what architectural historian John Crook describes as "the supreme artistic achievements" of the ''Winchester School''.<ref name=WB/>

The consensus among historians of Anglo-Saxon England is that the court was mobile in this period and there was no fixed capital.<ref>{{cite book |last= Stenton|first= Frank M.|authorlink=Frank Stenton| title= Anglo-Saxon England|year= 1971|edition=3rd| publisher= Clarendon Press|page=539|isbn=978-0-19-280139-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Foot | first = Sarah | authorlink=Sarah Foot| title=Æthelstan: the first king of England|publisher=Yale University Press| year = 2011 |page=78|isbn= 978-0-300-12535-1}}</ref> [[Martin Biddle]] has suggested that Winchester was a centre for royal administration in the seventh and eighth centuries, but this is questioned by [[Barbara Yorke]], who sees it as significant that the shire was named after Hamtun, the forerunner of [[Southampton]].<ref>{{cite journal| last= Yorke|first=Barbara |authorlink= Barbara Yorke|journal=Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club and Archaeological Society |title=The Foundation of the Old Minster and the Status of Winchester in the Seventh and Eighth Centuries|number=38 |year=1982 |pages=79-80 |issn= 0142-8950}}</ref> However, Winchester is described by the historian Catherine Cubitt as "the premier city of the West Saxon kingdom."<ref>{{cite book|first=Catherine|last=Cubitt|chapter=Pastoral Care and Religious Belief|page=399|title=A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500- c.1100|editor-first=Pauline|editor-last=Stafford|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|location=Chichester, UK|year=2009|isbn=978-1-118-42513-8}}</ref>

[[File:The Buttercross in Winchester.jpg|thumb|left|The Winchester [[Buttercross]] ]]
There was a fire in the city in 1141 during the [[Rout of Winchester]]. [[William of Wykeham]] played a role in the city's restoration. As [[Bishop of Winchester]] he was responsible for much of the current structure of the cathedral, and he founded the still extant public school [[Winchester College]]. During the [[Middle Ages]], the city was an important centre of the wool trade, before going into a slow decline.{{Citation needed|date=August 2016}} The [[curfew bell]] in the bell tower (near the clock in the picture), still sounds at 8:00 pm each evening.
[[File:Winchester High Street Mudie 1853.jpg|thumb|Winchester High Street in the mid 19th century.]]

While Jews lived in Winchester from at least 1148, in the 13th century the Jewish community in the city was one of the most important in England. There was an [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1727-archa archa] in the city, and the Jewish quarter was located in the city's heart (present day Jewry street). There were a series of [[blood libel]] claims levied against the Jewish community in the 1220s and 1230s, which likely was the cause of the hanging of the community's leader, Abraham Pinch, in front of the synagogue that he was head of. [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]] ransacked the Jewish quarter in 1264, and in 1290 all Jews were [[Edict of Expulsion|expelled]] from England.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Jewish Community of Winchester |url=https://dbs.bh.org.il/place/winchester |publisher=The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot |accessdate=2 July 2018}}</ref>

===Modern period===
The City Cross (also known as the [[Buttercross]]) has been dated to the 15th century, and features 12 statues of the [[Virgin Mary]], saints and various historical figures. Several statues appear to have been added throughout the structure's history. In 1770, [[Thomas Dummer]] purchased the Buttercross from the Corporation of Winchester, intending to have it re-erected at [[Cranbury Park]], near [[Otterbourne]]. When his workmen arrived to dismantle the cross, they were prevented from doing so by the people of the city, who "organised a small riot"<ref>{{cite web |title= The Buttercross, Winchester |url=http://www.cityofwinchester.co.uk/history/html/buttercross.html |year= 1998| publisher= City of Winchester |accessdate= 23 September 2009}}</ref> and they were forced to abandon their task. The agreement with the city was cancelled and Dummer erected a [[lath and plaster]] facsimile, which stood in the park for about sixty years before it was destroyed by the weather.<ref name = "Yonge8">{{cite web |last=Yonge |first=Charlotte M. |title= Chapter 8: Old Otterbourne |url= http://www.online-literature.com/charlotte-yonge/john-keble/8/ |year= 1898|work= [[John Keble]]'s Parishes |publisher= Online literature |accessdate=23 September 2009 |authorlink = Charlotte M. Yonge}}</ref> The Buttercross itself was restored by [[George Gilbert Scott]] in 1865, and still stands in the High Street. It is now a [[Scheduled Ancient Monument]].<ref>{{cite web |title= City Cross or 'Butter Cross', Winchester |url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1002938 | publisher= [[Historic England]] |accessdate= 16 December 2016}}</ref>

Three notable bronze sculptures can be seen in or from the High Street by major sculptors of the 19th and 20th Centuries, the earliest a monumental statue of [[Queen Victoria]], now in the [[Great Hall]], by [[Sir Alfred Gilbert]] (also known as the sculptor of '[[Eros]]' in London's Piccadilly Circus), [[King Alfred]], facing the city with raised sword from the centre of The Broadway, by [[Hamo Thornycroft]] and the modern striking ''[[Horse and Rider (Frink)|Horse and Rider]]'' by [[Dame Elizabeth Frink]] at the entrance to the Law Courts.

The novelist [[Jane Austen]] died in Winchester on 18 July 1817 and is buried in the cathedral.<ref>{{cite news|title=Jane Austen 'died from arsenic poisoning'|url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/nov/14/jane-austen-arsenic-poisoning |accessdate=18 June 2014 |work=The Guardian |date=14 November 2011}}</ref> While staying in Winchester from mid-August to October 1819, the Romantic poet [[John Keats]] wrote "Isabella", "St. Agnes' Eve", "[[To Autumn]]", "Lamia" and parts of "[[Hyperion (poem)|Hyperion]]" and the five-act poetic tragedy "Otho The Great".<ref>{{cite news| title= John Keats – autumnal idealist or trenchant social commentator? | url = https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/mar/23/john-keats-autumnal-idealist-social-commentator|accessdate=18 June 2014|work=The Guardian| date=23 March 2012}}</ref>

In 2013, businesses involved in the housing market were reported by a local paper as saying the city's architectural and historical interest, and its fast links to other towns and cities have led Winchester to become one of the most expensive and desirable areas of the country and ranked Winchester as one of the least deprived areas in England and Wales.<ref name=WinchesterGreatest>{{cite news|title=Winchester hits top ten list of places to live in the UK|url=http://www.hampshirechronicle.co.uk/news/10898665.Winchester_hits_top_ten_list_of_places_to_live_in_the_UK/|accessdate=18 June 2014 |work=Hampshire Chronicle |date=26 December 2013}}</ref>

==Landmarks==

===Cathedral===
{{Main article|Winchester Cathedral}}
[[File:WinCath30Je6-4836wiki.jpg|thumb|right|A view of Winchester Cathedral.]]
[[Winchester Cathedral]] was originally built in 1079 and remains the longest Gothic cathedral in Europe. It contains much fine architecture spanning the 11th to the 16th century and is the place of interment of numerous [[Bishop of Winchester|Bishops of Winchester]] (such as [[William of Wykeham]]), [[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] monarchs (such as [[Egbert of Wessex]]) and later monarchs such as King [[Canute the Great|Canute]] and [[William II of England|William Rufus]]<ref name="RTGB">{{cite book |last=Dodson |first=Aidan |title=The Royal Tombs of Great Britain |location=London |publisher=Gerald Duckworth & Co. |year=2004}}</ref>. It was once an important [[pilgrim]]age centre and housed the [[shrine]] of [[Swithun|Saint Swithun]]. The ancient [[Pilgrims' Way]] travelling to [[Canterbury]] begins at Winchester. The plan of the earlier [[Old Minster, Winchester|Old Minster]] is laid out in the grass adjoining the cathedral. The [[New Minster, Winchester|New Minster]] (the original burial place of [[Alfred the Great]] and [[Edward the Elder]]<ref name="RTGB" />) once stood beside it. The cathedral has a girls choir and a boys choir, which sing on a regular basis at the cathedral.

Winchester Cathedral Close contains a number of historic buildings from the time when the cathedral was also a [[priory]]. Of particular note is the ''[[Deanery]]'', which dates back to the thirteenth century. It was originally the Prior's House, and was the birthplace of [[Arthur, Prince of Wales]], in 1486. Not far away is ''Cheyney Court'', a mid fifteenth-century [[timber framing|timber-framed]] house incorporating the Porter's Lodge for the Priory Gate. It was the Bishop's court house.

The earliest [[hammer-beam]]ed building still standing in England is situated in the Cathedral Close, next to the Dean's garden. It is known as the ''Pilgrims' Hall'', as it was part of the hostelry used to accommodate the many pilgrims to Saint Swithun's shrine. Left-overs from the lavish banquets of the Priors (the monastic predecessors of the later Deans) would be given to the pilgrims who were welcome to spend the night in the hall. It is thought by Winchester City Council to have been built in 1308. Now part of [[The Pilgrims' School]], the hall is used by the school for assemblies in the morning, drama lessons, plays, orchestral practices, Cathedral Waynflete rehearsals, the school's Senior Commoners' Choir rehearsals and so forth.

Entrance to the North garth of the cathedral, for pedestrians is via the Norman arches of Saint Maurice′s tower, in the High street.<ref>Hampshire Churches, Margaret Green,Winton Pubs.Ltd.1967. Page 90.</ref>

===Wolvesey Castle and Palace===
{{Main article|Wolvesey Castle}}
[[Wolvesey Castle]] was the [[Anglo-Normans|Norman]] bishop's palace, dating from 1110, but standing on the site of an earlier Saxon structure. It was enhanced by [[Henry de Blois]] during [[the Anarchy]] of his brother King [[Stephen of England|Stephen]]'s reign. He was besieged there for some days. In the 16th century, Queen [[Mary I of England|Mary Tudor]] and King [[Philip II of Spain]] were guests just prior to their wedding in the Cathedral. The building is now a ruin (maintained by [[English Heritage]]), but the chapel was incorporated into the new palace built in the 1680s, only one wing of which survives.

===Castle===
{{Main article|Winchester Castle}}
[[File:Winchester RoundTable.jpg|thumb|The "Winchester Round Table" in the Great Hall of [[Winchester Castle]]]]
Winchester is well known for the Great Hall of [[Winchester Castle|its castle]], which was built in the 12th century. The Great Hall was rebuilt sometime between 1222 and 1235, and still exists in this form. It is famous for ''[[King Arthur]]'s [[Round Table]]'', which has hung in the hall from at least 1463. The table actually dates from the 13th century, and as such is not contemporary to Arthur. Despite this it is still of considerable historical interest and attracts many tourists. The table was originally unpainted, but was painted for [[Henry VIII of England|King Henry VIII]] in 1522. The names of the legendary [[Knights of the Round Table]] are written around the edge of the table surmounted by King Arthur on his throne. Opposite the table are [[Prince Charles]]'s 'Wedding Gates'. In the grounds of the Great Hall is a recreation of a [[Middle Ages|medieval]] garden. Apart from the hall, only a few excavated remains of the stronghold survive among the modern Law Courts. The buildings were supplanted by the adjacent [[King's House, Winchester|King's House]], now incorporated into the [[Peninsula Barracks]] where there are five military museums.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.winchestermilitarymuseums.co.uk|accessdate=15 April 2012|title=Winchester's Military Museums|publisher=Winchester's Military Museums}}</ref> (The training that used to be carried out at the barracks is now done by the [[Army Training Regiment]] Winchester, otherwise known as [[Sir John Moore Barracks]], {{convert|2|mi|km|sigfig=1}} outside the city).<ref name="Ministry of Defence training">{{cite web|title=MOD Training and Education|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/training_education/6959.aspx|website=MOD Training|publisher=Ministry of Defence|accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref>

===Hospital of St Cross===
{{Main article|Hospital of St Cross}}
[[File:The Hospital of St Cross.jpg|alt=The Hospital of St Cross|thumb|The Hospital of St Cross]]
The [[almshouse]]s and vast [[Norman architecture|Norman]] [[chapel]] of [[Hospital of St Cross]] were founded just outside the city centre by [[Henry de Blois]] in the 1130s. Since at least the 14th century, and still available today, a 'wayfarer's dole' of ale and bread has been handed out there. It was supposedly instigated to aid pilgrims on their way to [[Canterbury]].

[[File:Winchesterguildhall.jpg|thumb|right|Winchester Guildhall, built in 1871]]

===City museum===
The City Museum, located on the corner of Great Minster Street and The Square, contains much information on the history of Winchester. Early examples of [[Winchester measure]]s of standard capacity are on display. The museum was one of the first purpose-built museums to be constructed outside London.<ref>{{cite web |title= The City Museum, Winchester |url=http://www.cityofwinchester.co.uk/Museums/Local/local.html#City |year= 1998|work= |publisher= City of Winchester |accessdate=12 July 2012}}</ref> Local items featured include the Roman 'Venta' gallery, and some genuine period shop interiors taken from the nearby High Street. Other places of cultural interest include the [[Westgate Museum]] (which showcases various items of [[weaponry]]), and the Historic Resources Centre, which holds many records related to the history of the city. In 2014 ownership of the City museum was transferred to the [[Hampshire Cultural Trust]] as part of a larger transfer of museums from [[Hampshire County Council]] and [[Winchester City Council]].

===Other buildings===
Other important historic buildings include the Guildhall dating from 1871 in the [[Gothic revival]] style,<ref name="Winchester Guildhall">{{cite web|title=History of Winchester Guildhall|url=http://www.winchestermuseumcollections.org.uk/index.asp?page=item&mwsquery=%7Bcollection%7D=%7Btopics%7DAND%7BIdentity%20number%7D=%7BGuildhall%7D |publisher=Winchester Museum Collection|accessdate=18 June 2014}}</ref> the [[Royal Hampshire County Hospital]], designed by [[William Butterfield]], and [[Winchester City Mill]], one of the city's several [[watermill|water mills]] driven by the [[River Itchen, Hampshire|River Itchen]] that runs through the city centre. The mill has recently been restored, and is again milling corn by water power. It is owned by the [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty|National Trust]].<ref name="Winchester Guildhall"/>

[[Castle Hill, Winchester|Castle Hill]] is the location of the Council Chamber for [[Hampshire County Council]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.hants.gov.uk/low_res_map_only.pdf|title=Map|publisher=Hampshire County Council|accessdate=2 September 2017}}</ref>

Between Jewry Street and St Peter's Street is [[St Peter's Church, Winchester|St Peter's Catholic Church]]. It was built in 1924 and designed by [[Frederick Walters]]. Next to it is Milner Hall, built in the 1780s it was the first Catholic church to be [[consecrated]] since 1558.<ref>[http://taking-stock.org.uk/Home/Dioceses/Diocese-of-Portsmouth/Winchester-The-Milner-Hall-St-Peter Winchester (The Milner Hall) - St Peter] from [[English Heritage]], retrieved 16 July 2018</ref>
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==Ūtwearda hlencas==
{{Commons|Winchester}}
*[http://www.winchester.gov.uk Winchester Burggeþing]

==Frūman==
{{reflist|30em}}

[[Flocc:Byrig on Hāmtūnescīre]]
[[Flocc:Scīrbyrig on Brettum]]
Wintanceaster miclu burg on Hāmtūnescīre and þære scīre scīrburg. Þēos ealdu burg wæs ǣr Engla rīces hēafodstōl þær wæs Engla Cyninga heall.

Sēo ceaster stent æt þæm westernan ende þāra Sūþdūna.  Icen sēo ēa iernð þurh þes stede.

Ær cwōmon Rōmware on Breten wæs hēr Bretta burg mid hēa dic.  Rōmfolc getimbroden nīwu burg be naman Uenta Belgarum and æfetweard in þisse stede getimbrode Gewisse hiera burg, se is Wintanceaster.

Se mǣsta bold in Wintanceatre is Wintanceastre Hēafodburg.  Þēos hēafodburg is onmang Europan mastum hēafodburgum and of him hæfþ hēo se lengsta nava and sēo mæste lengu onmang eallum Gōtiscum hēafodburgum in Europan.

In ðisse ceastre stent Wintancestre Gefērscipe se in Breten þæt ieldste lēonunghūs giet in his frumum boldum, and ēac is se Wintanceastre Eormenngild se man gestaðolde swa eorengidl in 206 and wæs ǣror 'Æfredes Cyninges Gerfērscipe'.

Godbegot Hūs be þære Hēa Strǣte wæs Ymma Cwēne gebūr.  Of þāra Cyninga sele find man naht, ac Heanric III Cyning timbrode nīw heall hēr in þære castle þā Willelm Bastard timbrode in his dagum.

Ūtwearda hlencas

Winchester Burggeþing

Frūman

Flocc:Byrig on Hāmtūnescīre
Flocc:Scīrbyrig on Brettum