Loma a tilid no yincuminco
== Loma a tilid no yincuminco (原住民族語羅馬字) ==
Kadadoedo no tilid a sowal no yincuminco, o Loma a tilid ko sapitilid to sowal no Taywan, o nitelekan ko sapidoedo to kalosowal no yincuminco i Taywan saka, o Latin a tilid ko sapitilid. I 1947 miheca o sakanga’ay a mipatenak no kiwkay, kalotilid no sowal nanoyaan sa marocek, maledef i kasaniyaro’ mademak. Tahiikor i 2005 miheca pakayni yincuminco wiyinhuy ko kalomaoc mitelek to kalotilid no kasafinacadan, toya miheca 12 folad 15 romi’ad hapiw sato ko Kiwikkopo no Conghuaminko.

=== Likisi (歷史) ===
Saki likisi, sarakatay masadak tilid no finacadan itiya pikowan ho no Netherland itiya, o midemakay sakitini i pasaetip a Pinpu finacadan, oya kafana’an no tamdaw, o nano iraay matilid to no Silaya finacadan tilid “Sinkang wenso” ato fangcalay cudad “Matay ratoh” a tilid.

I 17-19 sician a Min, Cin a to’ek, mikowanay ono Minnanyu (Holowie) a payrangan a sowal palapayrang a tilid to saki Pinpu finacadan a sowal a radiw ato sasowalan[1].

I kaDipongan a to’ek, nawhani maledef ko no Dipong a kiwiko, pakayni no Dipong a tilid to katakana ko sapitilid to kasafinacadan a sowal. Roma sato, sakiniyaro’ a midemakay to finacadan a sowal tilid ato misolapay a hakasi, o Loma a tilid no finacadan ko sapitilid, tinako ni Ino Kaori a nidemakan.  

I 1945 miheca o picomod to no Conghuaminko ko Taywan, nawhani o pilakowaping satawo’ kakihar, milalang ko kokmin sifo to pisano Loma, katakana no Dipong a tilid, o sowal no finacadan palano niyaro’ a sowal, saka o “kalo sowal no kasaniyaro’” saheto o ngiha no kowaping ko sapitilid saan, saka ira ko no kowaping a ngiha ko tilid no kasafinacadan[2].

I 1947 miheca miteka, seysiyo konghuy no Taywan misitapang pala Loma a tilid ko seysiyo, radiw ko pifalic no kalofinacadan a tilid. Ikor makilim mafo’ot pala no kowaping ko ngiha a tilid.

I 1960 mihecaan miteka macakat to ko niyah harateng no Taywan itiya, o seysiyo konghuy misatatas mihalaka to ’adihayay kalotilid no kasafinacadan tangasa anini.

I 1980 mihecaan, macowat to ko onto no yincuminco i Taywan, “Patikolen ko sowal no Ina” malo onto a salongoc ko nian. O kiwikopo nai 1992 miheca patorod to satakaraway kingkiwyin ci Li Rengui misolimetay to “Congko sasowalan no notimolan kanatal a sowal no finacadan a ngiha rocokan no tilid”, i 1994 mihecaan mihapiw midemak.

I 2001 miheca miteka ko Taywan midemak to Yincuminco wacay no pilifet to sowal, saki sarocod malacecayay matatodongay a tilidan matongal matongal sato, Sincenyin yincuminco i kasafinacadan to nikasasowalen, mikingkiway to sowal no yincuminco a sowal, hakasi no yincumin ato kiwikopo micikerohay to kowaping a wiyinhuy, i 2005 miheca 6 folad lomaoc “misetek to yincuminco a sowal rocokan a laoc”, itiya miheca 12 folad 15 romi’ad patilid to kiwikopo to pahecian no pihapiw a midemak.

=== Kasafinacadan a Loma tilid a nitelekan (各族語原有的羅馬字規範化) ===
Laeno, kasafinacadan a Loma tilid a nitelekan (ano eca sarakatay kao tilid) ato nitelakan miheca[3] (2013 miheca 1 folad).
{| class="wikitable"
| 
|語言
|規範者（或最早使用者）
|年代
|-
|'''1'''
|Bunun

布農語
|胡文池
|1949
|-
|'''2'''
|Paiwan

排灣語
|懷約翰（John Whitehorn，英國）
|1951
|-
|'''3'''
|Truku

太魯閣語
|柯饒富（Ralph Covell，美國）、田信德
|1951、1985
|-
|'''4'''
|Tayal

泰雅語
|穆克禮（Clare Elliot  McGill，加拿大）
|1956
|-
|'''5'''
|’Amis

阿美語
|葉德華（Edvard Torjesen，美國）、方敏英（Virginia A. Fey，美國）
|1957
|-
|'''6'''
|Seediq

賽德克語
|明惠鐸（Robert F.  Baudhuin，美國）
|1970 ±
|-
|'''7'''
|Puyuma

卑南語
|張阿信、曾建次、吳賢明
|1970－1984
|-
|'''8'''
|Tao

雅美語
|羅亞琴（Ginny Larson，美國）、湯思玫（Rosemary Thomason，加拿大）、王榮基
|1987
|-
|'''9'''
|Rukai

魯凱語
|鍾思錦
|1988
|-
|'''10'''
|Saisiyat

賽夏語
|趙山河
|1990
|-
|'''11'''
|Kacalan

噶瑪蘭語
|李壬癸、偕萬來
|1992－1996
|-
|'''12'''
|Thau

邵語
|李壬癸、簡史朗
|1992－2001
|-
|'''13'''
|Tsou

鄒語
|汪幸時（鄒語工作室）
|1993
|-
|'''14'''
|Kanakanavu

卡那卡那富語
|蔡恪恕（Szakos Jozsef，奧地利）
|1999
|-
|'''15'''
|Hla’alua

拉阿魯哇語
|蔡恪恕（Szakos Jozsef，奧地利）、游仁貴
|1999
|-
|'''16'''
|Sakizaya

撒奇萊雅語
|帝瓦伊·撒耘 (Tiway Sayion)
|2001
|}
Kalotilid no sowal-16 sowal, tilid, ngiha no yincumin i Taywan[7]
{| class="wikitable"
|族別
|  '''a'''
|'''ae'''
|'''b'''
|'''c'''
|'''d'''
|'''dh'''
|'''dj'''
|'''dr'''
|'''e'''
|'''é'''
|'''f'''
|'''g'''
|'''h'''
|'''hl'''
|'''i'''
|'''ɨ'''
|'''j'''
|'''k'''
|'''l'''
|'''lh'''
|'''lj'''
|'''lr'''
|'''m'''
|'''n'''
|'''ng'''
|'''o'''
|'''oe'''
|'''p'''
|'''q'''
|'''R'''
|'''r'''
|'''ṟ'''
|'''S'''
|'''s'''
|'''sh'''
|'''t'''
|'''th'''
|'''tj'''
|'''tr'''
|'''u'''
|'''ʉ'''
|'''v'''
|'''w'''
|'''x'''
|'''y'''
|'''z'''
|'''<nowiki/>''''
|'''^'''
|-
|'''阿美語'''
|a
|
|
|t͡s
|d, ð, ɬ
|
|
|
|e
|
|b, f, v
|
|ħ
|
|i
|
|
|k
|ɾ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|x
|j
|
|ʡ
|ʔ
|-
|'''泰雅語'''
|a
|
|β, v
|t͡s
|
|
|
|
|e
|
|
|ɣ
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|l
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|q
|
|r
|ɾ
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|x
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''布農語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s, t͡ɕ
|d
|
|
|
|e, ə
|
|
|
|x, χ
|
|i
|
|
|k
|l, ɬ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|q
|
|
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|v
|
|
|
|ð
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''卡那卡那富語'''
|a
|
|
|t͡s
|
|
|
|
|e
|
|
|
|
|
|i
|
|
|k
|
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|
|
|ɾ
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|ɨ
|v
|
|
|
|
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''噶瑪蘭語'''
|a
|
|b
|
|ɮ
|
|
|
|ə
|
|
|
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|ɾ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|q
|ʁ
|
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''排灣語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s
|d
|
|ɟ
|ɖ
|e
|
|
|g
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|ɭ
|
|ʎ
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|
|
|p
|q, ʔ
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|c
|
|u
|
|v
|w
|
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''卑南語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s
|d
|
|
|ɖ
|ə
|
|
|g
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|l
|ɮ
|
|ɭ
|m
|n
|ŋ
|
|
|p
|
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|ʈ
|u
|
|v
|w
|
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''魯凱語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s
|d
|ð
|
|ɖ
|ə
|e
|
|g
|h
|
|i
|ɨ
|
|k
|l
|
|
|ɭ
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|θ
|
|ʈ
|u
|
|v
|w
|
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''拉阿魯哇語'''
|a
|
|
|t͡s
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ɬ
|i
|
|
|k
|ɾ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|
|
|p
|
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|ɨ
|v
|
|
|
|
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''賽夏語'''
|a
|æ
|β
|
|
|
|
|
|ə
|
|
|
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|l
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|œ
|p
|
|
|r
|
|ʃ
|s, θ
|
|t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|w
|
|j
|z, ð
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''撒奇萊雅語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s
|d, ð, ɬ
|
|
|
|ə
|
|
|
|ħ
|
|i
|
|
|k
|ɾ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|
|
|
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|
|j
|z
|ʡ
|
|-
|'''賽德克語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s
|d
|
|
|
|e, ə
|
|
|g
|ħ
|
|i
|
|ɟ
|k
|l
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|q
|
|r
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|x
|j
|
|
|
|-
|'''太魯閣語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡ɕ
|d
|
|
|
|ə
|
|
|ɣ
|ħ
|
|i
|
|ɟ
|k
|ɮ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|q
|
|ɾ
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|
|w
|x
|j
|
|
|
|-
|'''邵語'''
|a
|
|b
|
|d
|
|
|
|
|
|ɸ
|
|h
|
|i
|
|
|k
|l
|ɬ
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|
|
|p
|q
|
|r
|
|
|s
|ʃ
|t
|θ
|
|
|u
|
|
|β, w
|
|j
|ð
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''鄒語'''
|a
|
|ɓ
|t͡s
|
|
|
|
|e
|
|f
|
|x
|
|i
|
|
|k
|ɗ
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o
|
|p
|
|
|
|
|
|s
|
|t
|
|
|
|u
|
|v
|
|ɨ
|j
|z
|ʔ
|
|-
|'''達悟語'''
|a
|
|b
|t͡s, t͡ɕ
|ɖ
|
|
|
|ə
|
|
|g
|ɰ
|
|i
|
|d͡ʒ, d͡ʝ
|k
|l
|
|
|
|m
|n
|ŋ
|o, u
|
|p
|
|
|ɻ
|
|
|ʂ
|
|t
|
|
|
|
|
|f
|w
|
|j
|r
|ʔ
|
|}
Pacipingan, ira ko 26 ngiha a tilid to no Loma, roma ira ko pacipingan, halo “:” ato 6 a ciping to “ ’ ”, “ ^ ”, “ r ”, “ é ”, “ ɨ ”, “ ʉ ”.

6 tada ngiha
{| class="wikitable"
|fangko
|Paciping ngiha
|pafangkoan
|-
|1
|ʼ
|02BC
|-
|2
|⌃
|2303
|-
|3
|ṟ
|1E5F
|-
|4
|é
|00E9
|-
|5
|ɨ
|0268
|-
|6
|ʉ
|0289
|}

=== Pinengnengan a tilid (參考文獻) ===
1.原住民書寫系統. 台灣文化部臺灣大百科全書. [2018-05-07]. （原始內容存檔於2018-05-02） （中文（繁體））.

2.行政院原住民族委員會. 原住民族語言書寫系統 (PDF). 2005-12-15 [2018-05-07]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2013-10-04） （中文（繁體））.

3.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-04-09]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-29）.

4.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-03-11]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-29）.

5.從語言學入手的排灣宣教師—懷約翰牧師 - 鄭仰恩 - 新使者雜誌 The New Messenger 105期 另類教育在台灣. newmsgr.pct.org.tw. [2021-01-07]. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-02）.

6.存档副本. [2021-01-07]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-18）.

7.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-03-11]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-09-17）.

8.原住民姓名登記及羅馬拼音相關說明,內政部戶政司107.8.27

=== Pi’arawan (參見) ===
1.台灣南島語言

2.原住民族語能力認證

3.語言復興

4.國際音標

=== Papotalay calay (外部連結) ===
Loma a tilid no yincuminco (原住民族語羅馬字) 
Kadadoedo no tilid a sowal no yincuminco, o Loma a tilid ko sapitilid to sowal no Taywan, o nitelekan ko sapidoedo to kalosowal no yincuminco i Taywan saka, o Latin a tilid ko sapitilid. I 1947 miheca o sakanga’ay a mipatenak no kiwkay, kalotilid no sowal nanoyaan sa marocek, maledef i kasaniyaro’ mademak. Tahiikor i 2005 miheca pakayni yincuminco wiyinhuy ko kalomaoc mitelek to kalotilid no kasafinacadan, toya miheca 12 folad 15 romi’ad hapiw sato ko Kiwikkopo no Conghuaminko.

 Likisi (歷史) 
Saki likisi, sarakatay masadak tilid no finacadan itiya pikowan ho no Netherland itiya, o midemakay sakitini i pasaetip a Pinpu finacadan, oya kafana’an no tamdaw, o nano iraay matilid to no Silaya finacadan tilid “Sinkang wenso” ato fangcalay cudad “Matay ratoh” a tilid.

I 17-19 sician a Min, Cin a to’ek, mikowanay ono Minnanyu (Holowie) a payrangan a sowal palapayrang a tilid to saki Pinpu finacadan a sowal a radiw ato sasowalan[1].

I kaDipongan a to’ek, nawhani maledef ko no Dipong a kiwiko, pakayni no Dipong a tilid to katakana ko sapitilid to kasafinacadan a sowal. Roma sato, sakiniyaro’ a midemakay to finacadan a sowal tilid ato misolapay a hakasi, o Loma a tilid no finacadan ko sapitilid, tinako ni Ino Kaori a nidemakan.  

I 1945 miheca o picomod to no Conghuaminko ko Taywan, nawhani o pilakowaping satawo’ kakihar, milalang ko kokmin sifo to pisano Loma, katakana no Dipong a tilid, o sowal no finacadan palano niyaro’ a sowal, saka o “kalo sowal no kasaniyaro’” saheto o ngiha no kowaping ko sapitilid saan, saka ira ko no kowaping a ngiha ko tilid no kasafinacadan[2].

I 1947 miheca miteka, seysiyo konghuy no Taywan misitapang pala Loma a tilid ko seysiyo, radiw ko pifalic no kalofinacadan a tilid. Ikor makilim mafo’ot pala no kowaping ko ngiha a tilid.

I 1960 mihecaan miteka macakat to ko niyah harateng no Taywan itiya, o seysiyo konghuy misatatas mihalaka to ’adihayay kalotilid no kasafinacadan tangasa anini.

I 1980 mihecaan, macowat to ko onto no yincuminco i Taywan, “Patikolen ko sowal no Ina” malo onto a salongoc ko nian. O kiwikopo nai 1992 miheca patorod to satakaraway kingkiwyin ci Li Rengui misolimetay to “Congko sasowalan no notimolan kanatal a sowal no finacadan a ngiha rocokan no tilid”, i 1994 mihecaan mihapiw midemak.

I 2001 miheca miteka ko Taywan midemak to Yincuminco wacay no pilifet to sowal, saki sarocod malacecayay matatodongay a tilidan matongal matongal sato, Sincenyin yincuminco i kasafinacadan to nikasasowalen, mikingkiway to sowal no yincuminco a sowal, hakasi no yincumin ato kiwikopo micikerohay to kowaping a wiyinhuy, i 2005 miheca 6 folad lomaoc “misetek to yincuminco a sowal rocokan a laoc”, itiya miheca 12 folad 15 romi’ad patilid to kiwikopo to pahecian no pihapiw a midemak.

 Kasafinacadan a Loma tilid a nitelekan (各族語原有的羅馬字規範化) 
Laeno, kasafinacadan a Loma tilid a nitelekan (ano eca sarakatay kao tilid) ato nitelakan miheca[3] (2013 miheca 1 folad).
 語言規範者（或最早使用者）年代1Bunun

布農語胡文池19492Paiwan

排灣語懷約翰（John Whitehorn，英國）19513Truku

太魯閣語柯饒富（Ralph Covell，美國）、田信德1951、19854Tayal

泰雅語穆克禮（Clare Elliot  McGill，加拿大）19565’Amis

阿美語葉德華（Edvard Torjesen，美國）、方敏英（Virginia A. Fey，美國）19576Seediq

賽德克語明惠鐸（Robert F.  Baudhuin，美國）1970 ±7Puyuma

卑南語張阿信、曾建次、吳賢明1970－19848Tao

雅美語羅亞琴（Ginny Larson，美國）、湯思玫（Rosemary Thomason，加拿大）、王榮基19879Rukai

魯凱語鍾思錦198810Saisiyat

賽夏語趙山河199011Kacalan

噶瑪蘭語李壬癸、偕萬來1992－199612Thau

邵語李壬癸、簡史朗1992－200113Tsou

鄒語汪幸時（鄒語工作室）199314Kanakanavu

卡那卡那富語蔡恪恕（Szakos Jozsef，奧地利）199915Hla’alua

拉阿魯哇語蔡恪恕（Szakos Jozsef，奧地利）、游仁貴199916Sakizaya

撒奇萊雅語帝瓦伊·撒耘 (Tiway Sayion)2001
Kalotilid no sowal-16 sowal, tilid, ngiha no yincumin i Taywan[7]
族別  aaebcddhdjdreéfghhliɨjkllhljlrmnngooepqRrṟSsshtthtjtruʉvwxyz'^阿美語at͡sd, ð, ɬeb, f, vħikɾmnŋoprstuwxjʡʔ泰雅語aβ, vt͡seɣhiklmnŋopqrɾstuwxjzʔ布農語abt͡s, t͡ɕde, əx, χikl, ɬmnŋopqstuvðʔ卡那卡那富語at͡seikmnŋopɾstuɨvʔ噶瑪蘭語abɮəhikɾmnŋopqʁstuwjzʔ排灣語abt͡sdɟɖeghikɭʎmnŋpq, ʔrstcuvwjzʔ卑南語abt͡sdɖəghiklɮɭmnŋprstʈuvwjzʔ魯凱語abt͡sdðɖəeghiɨklɭmnŋoprstθʈuvwjzʔ拉阿魯哇語at͡sɬikɾmnŋprstuɨvʔ賽夏語aæβəhiklmnŋoœprʃs, θtwjz, ðʔ撒奇萊雅語abt͡sd, ð, ɬəħikɾmnŋopstuwjzʡ賽德克語abt͡sde, əgħiɟklmnŋopqrstuwxj太魯閣語abt͡ɕdəɣħiɟkɮmnŋopqɾstuwxj邵語abdɸhiklɬmnŋpqrsʃtθuβ, wjðʔ鄒語aɓt͡sefxikɗmnŋopstuvɨjzʔ達悟語abt͡s, t͡ɕɖəgɰid͡ʒ, d͡ʝklmnŋo, upɻʂtfwjrʔ
Pacipingan, ira ko 26 ngiha a tilid to no Loma, roma ira ko pacipingan, halo “:” ato 6 a ciping to “ ’ ”, “ ^ ”, “ r ”, “ é ”, “ ɨ ”, “ ʉ ”.

6 tada ngiha
fangkoPaciping ngihapafangkoan1ʼ02BC2⌃23033ṟ1E5F4é00E95ɨ02686ʉ0289

 Pinengnengan a tilid (參考文獻) 
1.原住民書寫系統. 台灣文化部臺灣大百科全書. [2018-05-07]. （原始內容存檔於2018-05-02） （中文（繁體））.

2.行政院原住民族委員會. 原住民族語言書寫系統 (PDF). 2005-12-15 [2018-05-07]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2013-10-04） （中文（繁體））.

3.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-04-09]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-29）.

4.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-03-11]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-29）.

5.從語言學入手的排灣宣教師—懷約翰牧師 - 鄭仰恩 - 新使者雜誌 The New Messenger 105期 另類教育在台灣. newmsgr.pct.org.tw. [2021-01-07]. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-02）.

6.存档副本. [2021-01-07]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-18）.

7.存档副本 (PDF). [2022-03-11]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-09-17）.

8.原住民姓名登記及羅馬拼音相關說明,內政部戶政司107.8.27

 Pi’arawan (參見) 
1.台灣南島語言

2.原住民族語能力認證

3.語言復興

4.國際音標

 Papotalay calay (外部連結)