Tefos 甘蔗
=== O sa’ayaway a sowal 概述 ===
O tefos hananay i, o rengaw nira mato o tarod, sacecacecay saan ko papah nira a marengaw, ano dodoen to pikingkiw no mafana’ay ami pangangan i o Saccharum(學名) saan, o lengaw no tefos i
ano itini to i so^motay ano i fa’detay o kacihelangan, manga’ayay to ama rengaw, o todongay o sasa’aeng to wangen, dodosato i o sasangaen to ^epah, lomasto i omaro sapakaen to fafoy ato ‘ayam, aca ato kalomaamaan. Itini i polongay a kalo kanatal ato hekar, pakaaraay to cecay
so’ot komi palomaay to tefos, o saadihaay ami pakomaay to tefos a kanatal i, ora Pasi(巴西)、ato 
Into(印度)、Congkow(中國)、Kopa(古巴)、Taykow(泰國) hananay a kanatal, itini ino kaholama tola Congkow(中國) hananay a kanatal i, adihay komi palomaay tora kahengangay hananay a tefos, oranan a tefos i, maga’ayay a tangsol haan a mi ngosngos a koma^en, olanan a tefos i saheto o naitilay i loma a kanatal, o tatapangan nira i, aratek naitiraay i Tongnanya(東南亞) ato sincinya(新幾內亞) ami salingato ama ropisak. O tefos hananay i ma^eng o sadihayay komi palomaay, o cecay amihecaan i pakaaraay to 18.8 a Tongsoan(頓),itini toya Pasi(巴西) hananay a kanatal i o kaadihay no tefos i tangasaay to 40% koka adihay nira, o pipalatoh no mi kinkiway to pakayniay to tefos a
tamdaw i, itini i 90 polo’ a kanatal i alatek pakaalaay to 2600 a ‘ofadan to kongjin(公頃) ko kakahad
topi palomaan to tefos saan, i polong nomi palomaan tora tefos i, saheto oya tomelieay a tefos ko
saadihayay ami palomaan, pakaalaay to 70% koka adihay nira to sasangaen to waneng saan, dodosato i ora kahengangay okakaenen a tefos, oranan a tomelieay sasangaen to waneng a tefos
i, okaadihay nina i tangasa 79%, saheto oma olahay a malengaw i fa^detay cifelangay a niyalo’ ato
sota’ , dodosato olanan to kahengangay o kakaenen a tefos, olanang a tefos i oma olahay to so^metay ama lengaw.

=== O pinangan o tefos. 甘蔗的特徵 ===
Oranan a tefos hananay i, maolahay a malengaw i fa^detay a kanatar, o rengaw nira i takalaway
mitifac to takalaw no tamdow, samo^cel sanay a masapokohpokoh matiya o ‘aol, nikaorira caay ka dakongkong ko tiring nira, saci papah sacingra i matiya o talod a ka^daw, maolahay ko kolong a komaen to papah nira, o sapaloma ato rengaw nira i, naitiniay i tireng ya pokoh nira aci coong
tiya masatapang, i tapangan nira haw i irahaca aci co’ong, saadihay sato ami rarad a tayra ifati’ian,
o satakalaw nira pakaaraay to 3~4 a komian, o kako^edaw no papah nira i pakaaraay to cecay a komian, o katata’ak no tireng nira i, aratek ira to a 5 milimiter(厘米), ano ma^deng to ko to’as nira
i, iraay ko kacifalo nira to tingting, matiay o fanoh ko hana nira, ano maiyof no fali i ma^feray kora
hana nira, o rengaw nira nanosatapang tangasa i kato’as nira, alatek pakaara to pangkiw no mihehcaan, tiya cifalo cihana ci^engra, matatodongay to siwkakeng, ano matafesiw to ko to’as nira
i, alatek mapiloh to ama’icang.		

=== O tefos i Taywan 台灣甘蔗 ===
Naitini i ka Dipongan(日本時期) tangasa i Kaholaman(中華民國時期) o tefos hananay o tadamaanay a pinaloma no matayalay to omah, to cecay miheca i saheto sanay o tefos ko mipalomaan, edensa itini i 7-9 foladan, adihayay ko faliyos, sanaw caay ka fangcal ko lengaw no
tefos, o sowal no pasowalay i tadafangcalay ami paloma to tefos i Taywan(台灣), galefen itini i
Yinlin(雲林) ato Pintong(屏東), fangcalay ko sela ama sa^nalya ato matatodongay ko lomi’ad, tadamaanay ko pipaloma to tefos, o tefos i Taywan(台灣) i, tosaay ko kasasiloma nira. Saka cecay i:
O tomeli’iay a tefos(白甘蔗)：ano ‘alaowen ko podae no tileng nira o tomeli’iay, o sasanga’en to waneng ko ranang, o sakatosa i: o Kahengagay a tefos(紅甘蔗) : nawhani o kahengagay ko podac noya tefos, o ninian i omalo kakaenen, ko^sanay fangcalay a nanomen ko salang nira, o sowal no
Ising(醫師) i fangcalay o sapiadah to faha, o sakafangcal no isi’ ato sakakapah no laway saan. 
O pipalomaan to tefos i, ano itila i sakacecay tangasa i sakatolo a folad ami paloma i, ono so^metay
a tefos han kolaan a tefos, ano itini i saka pito ato saka falo a folad ami paloma toya tefos i, ono 
kahecelangan a tefos hakoranan, maraod ko cecay mihecaan i, itala’ayaw no fa^lohay a mihecaan ma^deng to ami siwkak. Omisatefosay a tamdaw i iraay ko mikihatiyaay to tayal no seyfo, ato ono
teked ami palomaay, ano misiwka sato i, I’ayaw sahetosanay ono tamdawan komi tayalay, o kolong
a paliding komi colo’ay, aniniay sato i, o kikay sato komatayalay tangasa ipisawanengan, hatilaay ko
misatefosay i Taywan(台灣). 

=== Masamaanay ko tayal to tefos.有關甘蔗生產過程 ===
Namisalingato ami paloma tangasa kato’asan nira, nawhani takalaway ko rengaw nira, mikitakalaw to tileng no tamdaw, sanaw ano misiwka to tefos i, caayay kalahoday, ano awaay ko sakatayal i, caay
kangaay a siwkaken. Sanaw ano matayal to tefos i, o Kosi(公司) ko cacitodong ami siwka tiya manga’ayay, tono aniniay sato i saheto to o kikay ko matayalay, ato mi colo’ patangasa i kofa, ano tangasa i kofa i, misalingato to ami solimet, tiya micepet toya salang no tefos, ato misa’sa’ toya salan
no tefos ami palawangeng, lomasato, ora padi’ no tefos tona herekan ami hetes to Wangen i, sa’ayaway o malokasoy ami todoh topi sawangen, sakatosa manga’ay sasangaen to malo sakatayal,
a kami ato poliyaw a tayhi no omah. Nikaorira orawaneng no tefos i adihayay ko kasasiloma ami sanga, ira koya mato o cilahay、ira koya mato o ‘oteng、ira koya mato o nanomay, sanaw adihay
ko kasasiloma nira, aca osasangaen to masamaamaanay a kasi, lomasato o ^pah, lomasato o sapakaen to fafoy, hatilaay ko tayal to pakaylaay to tefos hananay.

=== O hahalatengen a sowal to tefos. 對甘蔗的省思 ===
So^lin to i tini i ‘orip no mita o tamdaw, caay pakalias to waneng, nikaorira ano awaay ko tefos i,
naicowaay a ira kora waneng hananay, sa imatini itini i Taywan, caay to kahacowa komipalomaay to tefos, saheto sanay omicomoday nai loma a kanatal, sanaw o haharatengen to nomita konini, ano awa sato komi satefosay i, o awaay to ko waneng, ano awa ko waneng caay to kangaay ko kaeng no ‘orip no tamdaw.(O siwkolan ‘Amis/Pangcah Suman)(2024.02.06) 


Tahapinangan參考文獻

1.	 Cane Juice Nutrition Information. WH Foods. 2011. （原始內容存檔於2012-08-04）.

2.	 存档副本.  [2021-07-18]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-14）.

3.	 東漢楊孚《異物志》：「甘蔗，遠近皆有。交趾所產，特好，本末無厚薄，其味甘」

4.	 甘蔗 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館），臺灣野生植物資料庫
O sa’ayaway a sowal 概述 
O tefos hananay i, o rengaw nira mato o tarod, sacecacecay saan ko papah nira a marengaw, ano dodoen to pikingkiw no mafana’ay ami pangangan i o Saccharum(學名) saan, o lengaw no tefos i
ano itini to i so^motay ano i fa’detay o kacihelangan, manga’ayay to ama rengaw, o todongay o sasa’aeng to wangen, dodosato i o sasangaen to ^epah, lomasto i omaro sapakaen to fafoy ato ‘ayam, aca ato kalomaamaan. Itini i polongay a kalo kanatal ato hekar, pakaaraay to cecay
so’ot komi palomaay to tefos, o saadihaay ami pakomaay to tefos a kanatal i, ora Pasi(巴西)、ato 
Into(印度)、Congkow(中國)、Kopa(古巴)、Taykow(泰國) hananay a kanatal, itini ino kaholama tola Congkow(中國) hananay a kanatal i, adihay komi palomaay tora kahengangay hananay a tefos, oranan a tefos i, maga’ayay a tangsol haan a mi ngosngos a koma^en, olanan a tefos i saheto o naitilay i loma a kanatal, o tatapangan nira i, aratek naitiraay i Tongnanya(東南亞) ato sincinya(新幾內亞) ami salingato ama ropisak. O tefos hananay i ma^eng o sadihayay komi palomaay, o cecay amihecaan i pakaaraay to 18.8 a Tongsoan(頓),itini toya Pasi(巴西) hananay a kanatal i o kaadihay no tefos i tangasaay to 40% koka adihay nira, o pipalatoh no mi kinkiway to pakayniay to tefos a
tamdaw i, itini i 90 polo’ a kanatal i alatek pakaalaay to 2600 a ‘ofadan to kongjin(公頃) ko kakahad
topi palomaan to tefos saan, i polong nomi palomaan tora tefos i, saheto oya tomelieay a tefos ko
saadihayay ami palomaan, pakaalaay to 70% koka adihay nira to sasangaen to waneng saan, dodosato i ora kahengangay okakaenen a tefos, oranan a tomelieay sasangaen to waneng a tefos
i, okaadihay nina i tangasa 79%, saheto oma olahay a malengaw i fa^detay cifelangay a niyalo’ ato
sota’ , dodosato olanan to kahengangay o kakaenen a tefos, olanang a tefos i oma olahay to so^metay ama lengaw.

 O pinangan o tefos. 甘蔗的特徵 
Oranan a tefos hananay i, maolahay a malengaw i fa^detay a kanatar, o rengaw nira i takalaway
mitifac to takalaw no tamdow, samo^cel sanay a masapokohpokoh matiya o ‘aol, nikaorira caay ka dakongkong ko tiring nira, saci papah sacingra i matiya o talod a ka^daw, maolahay ko kolong a komaen to papah nira, o sapaloma ato rengaw nira i, naitiniay i tireng ya pokoh nira aci coong
tiya masatapang, i tapangan nira haw i irahaca aci co’ong, saadihay sato ami rarad a tayra ifati’ian,
o satakalaw nira pakaaraay to 3~4 a komian, o kako^edaw no papah nira i pakaaraay to cecay a komian, o katata’ak no tireng nira i, aratek ira to a 5 milimiter(厘米), ano ma^deng to ko to’as nira
i, iraay ko kacifalo nira to tingting, matiay o fanoh ko hana nira, ano maiyof no fali i ma^feray kora
hana nira, o rengaw nira nanosatapang tangasa i kato’as nira, alatek pakaara to pangkiw no mihehcaan, tiya cifalo cihana ci^engra, matatodongay to siwkakeng, ano matafesiw to ko to’as nira
i, alatek mapiloh to ama’icang.		

 O tefos i Taywan 台灣甘蔗 
Naitini i ka Dipongan(日本時期) tangasa i Kaholaman(中華民國時期) o tefos hananay o tadamaanay a pinaloma no matayalay to omah, to cecay miheca i saheto sanay o tefos ko mipalomaan, edensa itini i 7-9 foladan, adihayay ko faliyos, sanaw caay ka fangcal ko lengaw no
tefos, o sowal no pasowalay i tadafangcalay ami paloma to tefos i Taywan(台灣), galefen itini i
Yinlin(雲林) ato Pintong(屏東), fangcalay ko sela ama sa^nalya ato matatodongay ko lomi’ad, tadamaanay ko pipaloma to tefos, o tefos i Taywan(台灣) i, tosaay ko kasasiloma nira. Saka cecay i:
O tomeli’iay a tefos(白甘蔗)：ano ‘alaowen ko podae no tileng nira o tomeli’iay, o sasanga’en to waneng ko ranang, o sakatosa i: o Kahengagay a tefos(紅甘蔗) : nawhani o kahengagay ko podac noya tefos, o ninian i omalo kakaenen, ko^sanay fangcalay a nanomen ko salang nira, o sowal no
Ising(醫師) i fangcalay o sapiadah to faha, o sakafangcal no isi’ ato sakakapah no laway saan. 
O pipalomaan to tefos i, ano itila i sakacecay tangasa i sakatolo a folad ami paloma i, ono so^metay
a tefos han kolaan a tefos, ano itini i saka pito ato saka falo a folad ami paloma toya tefos i, ono 
kahecelangan a tefos hakoranan, maraod ko cecay mihecaan i, itala’ayaw no fa^lohay a mihecaan ma^deng to ami siwkak. Omisatefosay a tamdaw i iraay ko mikihatiyaay to tayal no seyfo, ato ono
teked ami palomaay, ano misiwka sato i, I’ayaw sahetosanay ono tamdawan komi tayalay, o kolong
a paliding komi colo’ay, aniniay sato i, o kikay sato komatayalay tangasa ipisawanengan, hatilaay ko
misatefosay i Taywan(台灣). 

 Masamaanay ko tayal to tefos.有關甘蔗生產過程 
Namisalingato ami paloma tangasa kato’asan nira, nawhani takalaway ko rengaw nira, mikitakalaw to tileng no tamdaw, sanaw ano misiwka to tefos i, caayay kalahoday, ano awaay ko sakatayal i, caay
kangaay a siwkaken. Sanaw ano matayal to tefos i, o Kosi(公司) ko cacitodong ami siwka tiya manga’ayay, tono aniniay sato i saheto to o kikay ko matayalay, ato mi colo’ patangasa i kofa, ano tangasa i kofa i, misalingato to ami solimet, tiya micepet toya salang no tefos, ato misa’sa’ toya salan
no tefos ami palawangeng, lomasato, ora padi’ no tefos tona herekan ami hetes to Wangen i, sa’ayaway o malokasoy ami todoh topi sawangen, sakatosa manga’ay sasangaen to malo sakatayal,
a kami ato poliyaw a tayhi no omah. Nikaorira orawaneng no tefos i adihayay ko kasasiloma ami sanga, ira koya mato o cilahay、ira koya mato o ‘oteng、ira koya mato o nanomay, sanaw adihay
ko kasasiloma nira, aca osasangaen to masamaamaanay a kasi, lomasato o ^pah, lomasato o sapakaen to fafoy, hatilaay ko tayal to pakaylaay to tefos hananay.

 O hahalatengen a sowal to tefos. 對甘蔗的省思 
So^lin to i tini i ‘orip no mita o tamdaw, caay pakalias to waneng, nikaorira ano awaay ko tefos i,
naicowaay a ira kora waneng hananay, sa imatini itini i Taywan, caay to kahacowa komipalomaay to tefos, saheto sanay omicomoday nai loma a kanatal, sanaw o haharatengen to nomita konini, ano awa sato komi satefosay i, o awaay to ko waneng, ano awa ko waneng caay to kangaay ko kaeng no ‘orip no tamdaw.(O siwkolan ‘Amis/Pangcah Suman)(2024.02.06) 

Tahapinangan參考文獻

1.	 Cane Juice Nutrition Information. WH Foods. 2011. （原始內容存檔於2012-08-04）.

2.	 存档副本.  [2021-07-18]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-14）.

3.	 東漢楊孚《異物志》：「甘蔗，遠近皆有。交趾所產，特好，本末無厚薄，其味甘」

4.	 甘蔗 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館），臺灣野生植物資料庫