Morafian malikakaay
== Morafian malikakaay (莫拉維亞弟兄會-Moravian) ==

=== 1. Likisi: (一、歷史：) ===
Morafian ato Bohemia ono aniniay a Ciyike (Czech Republic) sa’etal, i sala’edan i Saxony no Toic (Germany). Nai saka 7 sician no Kirisiya Ceniaw a sowal ko pipatenak, ikor ma’awid no Loma kiwkay. I 15 sician i, o Bohemia mifalicay kakeridan ci Yohani Huss (John Huss，1475 -1415), matodoh tona o misaromaay a matefoc.

Oya misarocoday masa’opo i lotokay niyaro kawali ka’amisan a Kurlwald no Bohemia. I 1457 miheca misakapot cangra to kiwkay, o Lekapot malikakaay (Unitas Fratrum) ahan mitahidang. I 1515 miheca o hongti no Tinsokiw ato hongti mapolong miri’ang cangraan, maemin malefek.

I 1548 miheca, micering ko hongti lalapan patayra i Poland, itira to cangra patireng to ta’angay kiwkay. I 1556 miheca mapatireng kofa’elohay hongti, o mafahatay kora hongti, nanoya misafa’eloh a patireng to kiwkay, pasi Bohemia, Moravia ato Poland. Tangasa to i 16 sician, ira to ko no niyah a Fangcalay cudad, patireng to pikiwikoan, nanoyaan sa kafana’an no Europ, o kapolongan mihayda sanga’ayay kaitiraan mikiwiko ko Bohemia. I 1609 miheca ira ko no nangra a rikec (kimpo), sa’ayaway patodongay to sakapakonira pipaso’elin no tamdaw.

I 1616 miheca, mirina’ cangra to “Sapasifana’ a pidoedoan lakakawa-sakapot no kiwkay”. I 1620 miheca ci Fulitilike saka 1 (Frederick I) macakat malahongti, i Prague ira ko 27 a kakeridan nipatayan. Ikor no 6 miheca, o Bohemia ira ko 36,000 a laloma’an malaplapay, na o 300 ’ofad milowan to 100 ’ofad to ko tamdaw, masa mapalopisak ko tamdaw no laloma’an i kiwkay. I 17 sician kilalinikan sa mito’ong to Kawas, mala masimeday a sapaloma a sapal.

Oya ci Zinzendorf (Nicoloaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf,1700-1760) masofoc i Dresden niyaro’, o mangodoay  tadamanay a laloma’an, o marariday masa’opo ko laloma’an. 6 ho lipay ningra mapatay ko mama, miliyaw mikadafo ko ina. Kaemangan ningra o mamo: ato fai ko pato’asay, o fai ci Henrietta o kawasan, mararid ko laloma’an masa’opo. Saka itini cingra a mapatireng ko parana’ no paso’elin.

I 17 sician, Lutheran mapalowad ko mangodoay (Pietism) itiya, pa’icel to cimangodoay a ’orip. Kakeridan ci Philip Spener (1635-1705) o nano mafiyolay no Makoracay pitoor, pacecay to salikaka milalok to sakacowat no ’adingo, ci Spener ko pimamaan ningra.

I 1710-16 miheca micomod cingra i misarocoday onto kakeridan ci August Francke a Halle pitilidan, itira cingra patireng to kolang sapaloma a sakapot (Order of the Mustard-seed), saka onini sakapot mapalowad ko adihayay kiwkay.

I 1716 miheca micomod i Wittenberg daykako, minanam to rikec. I 1722 miheca minokay tayra i Bertheldsorf, padamso to itiraay a salikaka, patireng to tadamanay “Herrnhut” –Piki’adingan no Tapang, i nisa’icelan no salikaka, saka macowat mala lomowaday ko kiwkay. Ikor matongal matongal to ko tamdaw, saadihay sato ko fangafang. Kao ciolahay faloco’ midotoc to so’elinay sapasifana’, mipakaen cangraan. Ikor lacecay sa mitelek to kapolongay: “O ciwcika ni Yis ko saka’aca; matomes no Fangcalay ’Adingo; pacakaten ko tireng i Wama a Kawas.”

I 1736 miheca mapacering cingra malaplap nai Dresden, sowal sa cingra: Patayraen no mita ko Ratoh i kasaniyaro’ no hekal. Ona itira cingra i kaetipay no Into (West Indies) ato Russia a mipatenak. I 1747 miheca citodongay mikowan palasawadan ko picering cingraan, ta manga’ay to ningra a minokay i niyaro’, minokay cingra i Drestown padoedo micikeroh to tayal i kiwkay.

=== 2.Sifana’ (二、教義：) ===
Katadamaan no mapolongay kiwkay, oya sifana’ ningra: “O so’oelinay ko a ’orip no mita; caay ko nisowalan.” Sowal sa ci Bucer: Polong no hekal, dengan kamo ko palekapotay to sifana’ ato makoracay paso’elinay faloco’. Pahecad han ko no mita a kiwkay ato nanoay i,dengan o kakangodoan. Nanay madipot no Kawas ko nipafeliay tamowanan.

Sacisowal sa ci Calvin: Kalemed ko kiwkay namo, makorac ci so’elinay, mapatongal ko adihayay taneng, oya to ko kanga’ay no demak masieroday, cisifana’ay. I masamamaanay pakayraan i caay ko papakatahira. I kahacecay no demak, ano kalali’aca to, laola to, pacakat a tayal ato kalafinawlan a todong, kao Pipasifana’ ni Yis i lotok ko malo dawdaw no ka’ayaw no wa’ay nano. Paretatenga cangra o pacakat a tayal to Kawas ko saka’orip, o saka’edil no Kawas ko ka’orip. Saheto o kaolahan salikaka cangra, masasidamaay, masasipainiay, mi’orip to masarocoday.

=== 3. Radiwan ato kafiyol: (三、音樂＆影響：) ===
O cecay a mirarakatay itiya, sowal sa: Manengneng ko taloay dafong i pirarakatan no mako, oya riyar, Sensingdorf, oya midipotan no Tapang a finawlan. I 1727 miheca padoedo macakat matongal. Oya patenakay mato’asay ci William Carey tayra i Into patenak, mapacekil no Morafian malikakaay.

Matira ko sowal ni William Carey, o matatodongay ci Zinzendorf tonini a kacingangan saan. O radiw ko sapilefet nangra mipatenak to Ratoh. Oya i Inkirisay palosiyangay ci John Wesley ko pakafiyolay, ka tata’ak no tapelik i riyar itiya I, oya i taminaay a tamdaw wata ko talaw halo ci Wesley salikaka, dengan oya romadiway a salikaka, misanga’ay caay ka tawal a radiw.

Pakayni i kalacecayan romadiw no Moravia salikaka mapadama no ’Adingo ci Wesley salikaka, oya palosiyangay ci George Whitefield ato sakapot no Oxford daykako, maemin mafiyol cangra. Ono Moravian Church a radiw mala saka tadamaan i 18-19 sician ko radiw parana’an i Amilika. I 19 sici, ano matengil i Amilika ko radiw no Inkiris, i New York, Boston to, ano eca i Philadelphia, tangasa i North Carolina ano eca i kasaniyaro’ no Pennsylvania a Moravia salikaka. Itira matengil ko ni Haydn satapangan, paherekan no piradiw, ni Handel ano eca ni Mozart a radiw.

Oya nipacomodan no Moravia salikaka ko ni Bach i Amilika. Caay ka tadamaan ko radiw nangra, tinako: ni Johann Friedrich Peter, Jeremiah Dencke, David Moritz Michael, John Antes, Simon Peter, Christian Gregor, Johannes Herbst, Johann Christian Geisler, o nika tadamaan awaayho matengil ko ngangan. Nika ono romi’adan to, lasawad sato ko no Moravia salikaka a radiw a mapawan. I 1998 miheca ci Martin Pearlman ko tiwatiway to Boston Baroque pipasadak a Lost Music of Early America: Music of the Moravians (CD) i, miliyaw haca mapasadak i ka’ayaw no tamdamdaw ko radiw no Moravia salikaka.  

Kahemekan a radiw.
Morafian malikakaay (莫拉維亞弟兄會-Moravian) 

 1. Likisi: (一、歷史：) 
Morafian ato Bohemia ono aniniay a Ciyike (Czech Republic) sa’etal, i sala’edan i Saxony no Toic (Germany). Nai saka 7 sician no Kirisiya Ceniaw a sowal ko pipatenak, ikor ma’awid no Loma kiwkay. I 15 sician i, o Bohemia mifalicay kakeridan ci Yohani Huss (John Huss，1475 -1415), matodoh tona o misaromaay a matefoc.

Oya misarocoday masa’opo i lotokay niyaro kawali ka’amisan a Kurlwald no Bohemia. I 1457 miheca misakapot cangra to kiwkay, o Lekapot malikakaay (Unitas Fratrum) ahan mitahidang. I 1515 miheca o hongti no Tinsokiw ato hongti mapolong miri’ang cangraan, maemin malefek.

I 1548 miheca, micering ko hongti lalapan patayra i Poland, itira to cangra patireng to ta’angay kiwkay. I 1556 miheca mapatireng kofa’elohay hongti, o mafahatay kora hongti, nanoya misafa’eloh a patireng to kiwkay, pasi Bohemia, Moravia ato Poland. Tangasa to i 16 sician, ira to ko no niyah a Fangcalay cudad, patireng to pikiwikoan, nanoyaan sa kafana’an no Europ, o kapolongan mihayda sanga’ayay kaitiraan mikiwiko ko Bohemia. I 1609 miheca ira ko no nangra a rikec (kimpo), sa’ayaway patodongay to sakapakonira pipaso’elin no tamdaw.

I 1616 miheca, mirina’ cangra to “Sapasifana’ a pidoedoan lakakawa-sakapot no kiwkay”. I 1620 miheca ci Fulitilike saka 1 (Frederick I) macakat malahongti, i Prague ira ko 27 a kakeridan nipatayan. Ikor no 6 miheca, o Bohemia ira ko 36,000 a laloma’an malaplapay, na o 300 ’ofad milowan to 100 ’ofad to ko tamdaw, masa mapalopisak ko tamdaw no laloma’an i kiwkay. I 17 sician kilalinikan sa mito’ong to Kawas, mala masimeday a sapaloma a sapal.

Oya ci Zinzendorf (Nicoloaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf,1700-1760) masofoc i Dresden niyaro’, o mangodoay  tadamanay a laloma’an, o marariday masa’opo ko laloma’an. 6 ho lipay ningra mapatay ko mama, miliyaw mikadafo ko ina. Kaemangan ningra o mamo: ato fai ko pato’asay, o fai ci Henrietta o kawasan, mararid ko laloma’an masa’opo. Saka itini cingra a mapatireng ko parana’ no paso’elin.

I 17 sician, Lutheran mapalowad ko mangodoay (Pietism) itiya, pa’icel to cimangodoay a ’orip. Kakeridan ci Philip Spener (1635-1705) o nano mafiyolay no Makoracay pitoor, pacecay to salikaka milalok to sakacowat no ’adingo, ci Spener ko pimamaan ningra.

I 1710-16 miheca micomod cingra i misarocoday onto kakeridan ci August Francke a Halle pitilidan, itira cingra patireng to kolang sapaloma a sakapot (Order of the Mustard-seed), saka onini sakapot mapalowad ko adihayay kiwkay.

I 1716 miheca micomod i Wittenberg daykako, minanam to rikec. I 1722 miheca minokay tayra i Bertheldsorf, padamso to itiraay a salikaka, patireng to tadamanay “Herrnhut” –Piki’adingan no Tapang, i nisa’icelan no salikaka, saka macowat mala lomowaday ko kiwkay. Ikor matongal matongal to ko tamdaw, saadihay sato ko fangafang. Kao ciolahay faloco’ midotoc to so’elinay sapasifana’, mipakaen cangraan. Ikor lacecay sa mitelek to kapolongay: “O ciwcika ni Yis ko saka’aca; matomes no Fangcalay ’Adingo; pacakaten ko tireng i Wama a Kawas.”

I 1736 miheca mapacering cingra malaplap nai Dresden, sowal sa cingra: Patayraen no mita ko Ratoh i kasaniyaro’ no hekal. Ona itira cingra i kaetipay no Into (West Indies) ato Russia a mipatenak. I 1747 miheca citodongay mikowan palasawadan ko picering cingraan, ta manga’ay to ningra a minokay i niyaro’, minokay cingra i Drestown padoedo micikeroh to tayal i kiwkay.

 2.Sifana’ (二、教義：) 
Katadamaan no mapolongay kiwkay, oya sifana’ ningra: “O so’oelinay ko a ’orip no mita; caay ko nisowalan.” Sowal sa ci Bucer: Polong no hekal, dengan kamo ko palekapotay to sifana’ ato makoracay paso’elinay faloco’. Pahecad han ko no mita a kiwkay ato nanoay i,dengan o kakangodoan. Nanay madipot no Kawas ko nipafeliay tamowanan.

Sacisowal sa ci Calvin: Kalemed ko kiwkay namo, makorac ci so’elinay, mapatongal ko adihayay taneng, oya to ko kanga’ay no demak masieroday, cisifana’ay. I masamamaanay pakayraan i caay ko papakatahira. I kahacecay no demak, ano kalali’aca to, laola to, pacakat a tayal ato kalafinawlan a todong, kao Pipasifana’ ni Yis i lotok ko malo dawdaw no ka’ayaw no wa’ay nano. Paretatenga cangra o pacakat a tayal to Kawas ko saka’orip, o saka’edil no Kawas ko ka’orip. Saheto o kaolahan salikaka cangra, masasidamaay, masasipainiay, mi’orip to masarocoday.

 3. Radiwan ato kafiyol: (三、音樂＆影響：) 
O cecay a mirarakatay itiya, sowal sa: Manengneng ko taloay dafong i pirarakatan no mako, oya riyar, Sensingdorf, oya midipotan no Tapang a finawlan. I 1727 miheca padoedo macakat matongal. Oya patenakay mato’asay ci William Carey tayra i Into patenak, mapacekil no Morafian malikakaay.

Matira ko sowal ni William Carey, o matatodongay ci Zinzendorf tonini a kacingangan saan. O radiw ko sapilefet nangra mipatenak to Ratoh. Oya i Inkirisay palosiyangay ci John Wesley ko pakafiyolay, ka tata’ak no tapelik i riyar itiya I, oya i taminaay a tamdaw wata ko talaw halo ci Wesley salikaka, dengan oya romadiway a salikaka, misanga’ay caay ka tawal a radiw.

Pakayni i kalacecayan romadiw no Moravia salikaka mapadama no ’Adingo ci Wesley salikaka, oya palosiyangay ci George Whitefield ato sakapot no Oxford daykako, maemin mafiyol cangra. Ono Moravian Church a radiw mala saka tadamaan i 18-19 sician ko radiw parana’an i Amilika. I 19 sici, ano matengil i Amilika ko radiw no Inkiris, i New York, Boston to, ano eca i Philadelphia, tangasa i North Carolina ano eca i kasaniyaro’ no Pennsylvania a Moravia salikaka. Itira matengil ko ni Haydn satapangan, paherekan no piradiw, ni Handel ano eca ni Mozart a radiw.

Oya nipacomodan no Moravia salikaka ko ni Bach i Amilika. Caay ka tadamaan ko radiw nangra, tinako: ni Johann Friedrich Peter, Jeremiah Dencke, David Moritz Michael, John Antes, Simon Peter, Christian Gregor, Johannes Herbst, Johann Christian Geisler, o nika tadamaan awaayho matengil ko ngangan. Nika ono romi’adan to, lasawad sato ko no Moravia salikaka a radiw a mapawan. I 1998 miheca ci Martin Pearlman ko tiwatiway to Boston Baroque pipasadak a Lost Music of Early America: Music of the Moravians (CD) i, miliyaw haca mapasadak i ka’ayaw no tamdamdaw ko radiw no Moravia salikaka.  

Kahemekan a radiw.