Fifian Tomas
== Fifian Tomas (維維恩．托馬斯助理) ==
Fifian Dioto Tomas (Inkiris: Vivien Theodore Thomas, 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad - 1985 miheca 11 folad 26 romi’ad) o cecay a kicik no mitokaday Amilika tamdaw. I 1944 miheca, ci Tomas ato mitokaday ising ci Afelit Polayrok, faloco’an ising Haylon Taosik miadah to cecay Folosilien adada a wawa i, sarakatay pidemak ni Polaylok Tomas Taosik misaisalan a tokad[1][2][3]. Malaheci ko pitokad mapalowid ko noisingan a manametay no faloco’an pitokad[1][2].

Nawhani ci Tomas kohetingay tamdaw, o kaitira ningra caay ka patalahekal ko katadamaan i pitokadan a camil. Ikor oya misikeday miepecay to finacadan ko laloma’an no Amilika masereray to itiya saka, o katadamaabn ni Tomas mapahapinang to no i sekalan tamdaw[4]. O katadamaan no demak ningra nai HBO i 2004 palaikaan to “Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising”.

=== Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising (天賜良醫) ===
I 1930 mihecaan tadaecaay ko ’edes to ramaay finacadan a to’ek itiya, o cecay a kapah misa’icel a macedeng ko kafana’ mapalowad no ising kakko a ising malamicokeray mitokad a kimad.

-Nai <nowiki>https://vocus.cc/article/6673ad08fd8978000116e387</nowiki>

=== Macedengay ising macedengay micokeray (天才醫師與天才助理) ===
Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas)

Matiya o nipatadoan no Kawas a mifana’ to pisasayho a kicik ni Fifian, o todong parana’an no kamay no niyah. Saka fenek to kalaising a misa’icel ato tariktikay kamay matatama macalep ni Polayrok ising cingra.

Sa’eten no mi’emetay to syakay o ahowidan no ising ko kanga’ayan i, nika oya nisa’icelan o kakangodoen no tamdamdaw ko pihamon ato pingodo. Caayay kalelen a demak mala kacalemceman to no faloco’. Samaanen oya tatiihay a pinangan a miasimanayay ko demak o saka piliyasaw ni Fifian to tayal.

Talacowa halafin ko miheca matayal pa’aca to sapaiyo ira to ko sapadang no loma’ i, nika mato mahoracay ko falaco’ ni Fifian. Ira ko ngiha i faloco’ ningra a malatihi ci Polayrok isingan mikingkiw to isingan to sapitikoaw.nanoya patiko haca cingra toya kaolahan katayalan, sakatadamaan toya kalacafay to ising a mikingkiw to isingan o kalipahakan no ’orip a hiratengen.

=== Afelit Polayrok Alfred Blalock) (阿爾弗雷德·布萊洛克Alfred Blalock) ===
O talifahalay ko kafana’ to nisa’icel a macedengay ko kafana’, talacowa tahiraay aca i kawcong ko nitilidan itiya, nika caay kikiharen ningra ko katadamaaqn ni Fifian. Malahakelong ko harateng no nilahacian a demak saka citadamaan a cingangan ni Fifian i isingan, misa’icel to saka cilikapo no tayal a kacilifon.

Talacowa malita’angay ato kalaketeray pinangan a mapakadefit to ci Fifianan, nika o caayay ko misorikoray a tamdaw cingra, o pilepi no kohecalay tamdaw to roma tamdaw ko sapitena’ no syakay i, saka makahiay aca cingra. I ’ayaw to pinapina mihecaan ko patiko ni Fifian o kahemakan to ningra, nawhani nai ci Fifianan mahapinang nengnengen ni Polayrok ising ko ka’enep to pikingkiw to isingan.

Ira ko pakoniyahay a nisafaloco’an ato malecaday a kaolahan nangra, oya caayay ka falic to sapikingkiw to isingan ato pitokad to faloco’ fenek nangra, tatiih kaciawaay nangra.

=== Pinengnengan. (參考) ===
1.Beaty, C. A., George, T. J., & Conte, J. V. Centennial Presidential Perspective: Dr. Alfred Blalock (PDF). The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2012年2月, 143 (2): 260–263 [2015-03-23]. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.071. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-03-06）.

2.Field, Mike. "Hopkins pioneered 'blue baby' surgery 50 years ago; 'I Remember ... Thinking It Was Impossible'". The Gazette. 1995-05-30 [2020-02-19]. （原始內容存檔於2012-06-21）.

3.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made (PDF). The Washingtonian. 1989-08 [2015-03-23]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-04-02）.

4.心脏外科手术先驱维维恩·托马斯. share.America.gov. 美國國務院國際信息局. 2018-02-13 [2020-02-19].

=== Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas, 維維恩·托馬斯) ===
Kasofocan: Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas) 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad

Amilika: New Iberia, Louisiana, Amilika

Tayal: Mitokaday ising

Katadamaan: Polayrok-Tomas-Taosik kasacilas a tokad

Fifian Siaoto Tomas (Inkiris: Vivien Theodore Thomas, 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad - 1985 miheca 11 folad 26 romi’ad) o cecay tadamaanay no Amilika micokeray mitokaday. 1944 miheca, ci Tomas aci Afelit Polayrok (Alfred Blalock) mitokaday ising, ci Helen Taussig faloco’ ising mipa’orip to ciadadaay to titraloci falot (Tetralogy of Fallot) a wawa i, sarakat midemak to ni Polayrok-Tomas- Taussig (Blaylock Thomas Taussig) a misaisalan a tokad[1][2][3]. Malaheci ko todong no itiyaay ho isingan to saki faloco’ a manametay to faloco’ a tokad[1][2].

Nawhani o kohetingay tamdaw ci Tomas, orasaka o kaitira ningra i pitokadan a sofal halafin ko nika eca paso’elinan. Ikor i salaloma’an no Amilika o miepecay to finacadan lasawad sato itiya, ni Tomas a katadamaan ningra itiya to kafana’en to no ’alomanay[4]. O kimad ningra itira i 2004 miheca mapalaika ko demak i HBO “Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising”.

=== Pinengnengan. (參考) ===
1.Beaty, C. A., George, T. J., & Conte, J. V. Centennial Presidential Perspective: Dr. Alfred Blalock (PDF). 2.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2012年2月, 143 (2): 260–263 [2015-03-23].  doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.071. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-03-06）.

3.Field, Mike. "Hopkins pioneered 'blue baby' surgery 50 years ago; 'I Remember ... Thinking It Was Impossible'". The Gazette. 1995-05-30 [2020-02-19]. （原始內容存檔於2012-06-21）.

4.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made (PDF). The Washingtonian. 1989-08 [2015-03-23]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-04-02）.

5.心脏外科手术先驱维维恩·托马斯. share.America.gov. 美國國務院國際信息局. 2018-02-13 [2020-02-19].

=== Minayar ko pisa’osi (伸延閱讀) ===
1.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made. Washingtonian. August 1989.

2.Reprinted — Like Something the Lord Made. [June 8, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2017-12-13） –透過Longform Reprints.

3.Reprinted in Jay Friedlander; John Lee (編). Feature Writing for Newspapers and Magazines: The Pursuit of Excellence.

4.Revised as Like Something the Lord Made; The Vivien Thomas Story. Washingtonian. October 29, 2007 [2022-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2012-02-12）.

5.Thomas, Vivien. Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and his Work with Alfred Blalock: an Autobiography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1985. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8122-7989-4</nowiki>.

6.Thomas, Vivien. Partners of the Heart: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock pbk. University of Pennsylvania Press. 1998. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8122-1634-2</nowiki>. (originally published as Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock)

(2003) Timmermans Stefan, "A Black Technician and Blue Babies" in Social Studies of Science 33:2 (April 2003), 197–229.

7.(2006) Tsung O. Cheng, "Hamilton Naki and Christiaan Barnard Versus Vivien Thomas and Alfred Blalock: Similarities and Dissimilarities" in American Journal of Cardiology 97:3 (February 1, 2006), 435–436.

8.(2003). Partners of the Heart. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） American Experience

9.(2004) "Something the Lord Made", HBO movie, Portrayed by Mos Def
Fifian Tomas (維維恩．托馬斯助理) 
Fifian Dioto Tomas (Inkiris: Vivien Theodore Thomas, 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad - 1985 miheca 11 folad 26 romi’ad) o cecay a kicik no mitokaday Amilika tamdaw. I 1944 miheca, ci Tomas ato mitokaday ising ci Afelit Polayrok, faloco’an ising Haylon Taosik miadah to cecay Folosilien adada a wawa i, sarakatay pidemak ni Polaylok Tomas Taosik misaisalan a tokad[1][2][3]. Malaheci ko pitokad mapalowid ko noisingan a manametay no faloco’an pitokad[1][2].

Nawhani ci Tomas kohetingay tamdaw, o kaitira ningra caay ka patalahekal ko katadamaan i pitokadan a camil. Ikor oya misikeday miepecay to finacadan ko laloma’an no Amilika masereray to itiya saka, o katadamaabn ni Tomas mapahapinang to no i sekalan tamdaw[4]. O katadamaan no demak ningra nai HBO i 2004 palaikaan to “Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising”.

 Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising (天賜良醫) 
I 1930 mihecaan tadaecaay ko ’edes to ramaay finacadan a to’ek itiya, o cecay a kapah misa’icel a macedeng ko kafana’ mapalowad no ising kakko a ising malamicokeray mitokad a kimad.

-Nai https://vocus.cc/article/6673ad08fd8978000116e387

 Macedengay ising macedengay micokeray (天才醫師與天才助理) 
Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas)

Matiya o nipatadoan no Kawas a mifana’ to pisasayho a kicik ni Fifian, o todong parana’an no kamay no niyah. Saka fenek to kalaising a misa’icel ato tariktikay kamay matatama macalep ni Polayrok ising cingra.

Sa’eten no mi’emetay to syakay o ahowidan no ising ko kanga’ayan i, nika oya nisa’icelan o kakangodoen no tamdamdaw ko pihamon ato pingodo. Caayay kalelen a demak mala kacalemceman to no faloco’. Samaanen oya tatiihay a pinangan a miasimanayay ko demak o saka piliyasaw ni Fifian to tayal.

Talacowa halafin ko miheca matayal pa’aca to sapaiyo ira to ko sapadang no loma’ i, nika mato mahoracay ko falaco’ ni Fifian. Ira ko ngiha i faloco’ ningra a malatihi ci Polayrok isingan mikingkiw to isingan to sapitikoaw.nanoya patiko haca cingra toya kaolahan katayalan, sakatadamaan toya kalacafay to ising a mikingkiw to isingan o kalipahakan no ’orip a hiratengen.

 Afelit Polayrok Alfred Blalock) (阿爾弗雷德·布萊洛克Alfred Blalock) 
O talifahalay ko kafana’ to nisa’icel a macedengay ko kafana’, talacowa tahiraay aca i kawcong ko nitilidan itiya, nika caay kikiharen ningra ko katadamaaqn ni Fifian. Malahakelong ko harateng no nilahacian a demak saka citadamaan a cingangan ni Fifian i isingan, misa’icel to saka cilikapo no tayal a kacilifon.

Talacowa malita’angay ato kalaketeray pinangan a mapakadefit to ci Fifianan, nika o caayay ko misorikoray a tamdaw cingra, o pilepi no kohecalay tamdaw to roma tamdaw ko sapitena’ no syakay i, saka makahiay aca cingra. I ’ayaw to pinapina mihecaan ko patiko ni Fifian o kahemakan to ningra, nawhani nai ci Fifianan mahapinang nengnengen ni Polayrok ising ko ka’enep to pikingkiw to isingan.

Ira ko pakoniyahay a nisafaloco’an ato malecaday a kaolahan nangra, oya caayay ka falic to sapikingkiw to isingan ato pitokad to faloco’ fenek nangra, tatiih kaciawaay nangra.

 Pinengnengan. (參考) 
1.Beaty, C. A., George, T. J., & Conte, J. V. Centennial Presidential Perspective: Dr. Alfred Blalock (PDF). The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2012年2月, 143 (2): 260–263 [2015-03-23]. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.071. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-03-06）.

2.Field, Mike. "Hopkins pioneered 'blue baby' surgery 50 years ago; 'I Remember ... Thinking It Was Impossible'". The Gazette. 1995-05-30 [2020-02-19]. （原始內容存檔於2012-06-21）.

3.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made (PDF). The Washingtonian. 1989-08 [2015-03-23]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-04-02）.

4.心脏外科手术先驱维维恩·托马斯. share.America.gov. 美國國務院國際信息局. 2018-02-13 [2020-02-19].

 Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas, 維維恩·托馬斯) 
Kasofocan: Fifian Tomas (Vivien Thomas) 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad

Amilika: New Iberia, Louisiana, Amilika

Tayal: Mitokaday ising

Katadamaan: Polayrok-Tomas-Taosik kasacilas a tokad

Fifian Siaoto Tomas (Inkiris: Vivien Theodore Thomas, 1910 miheca 8 folad 29 romi’ad - 1985 miheca 11 folad 26 romi’ad) o cecay tadamaanay no Amilika micokeray mitokaday. 1944 miheca, ci Tomas aci Afelit Polayrok (Alfred Blalock) mitokaday ising, ci Helen Taussig faloco’ ising mipa’orip to ciadadaay to titraloci falot (Tetralogy of Fallot) a wawa i, sarakat midemak to ni Polayrok-Tomas- Taussig (Blaylock Thomas Taussig) a misaisalan a tokad[1][2][3]. Malaheci ko todong no itiyaay ho isingan to saki faloco’ a manametay to faloco’ a tokad[1][2].

Nawhani o kohetingay tamdaw ci Tomas, orasaka o kaitira ningra i pitokadan a sofal halafin ko nika eca paso’elinan. Ikor i salaloma’an no Amilika o miepecay to finacadan lasawad sato itiya, ni Tomas a katadamaan ningra itiya to kafana’en to no ’alomanay[4]. O kimad ningra itira i 2004 miheca mapalaika ko demak i HBO “Pafelian no kakarayan nga’ayay ising”.

 Pinengnengan. (參考) 
1.Beaty, C. A., George, T. J., & Conte, J. V. Centennial Presidential Perspective: Dr. Alfred Blalock (PDF). 2.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2012年2月, 143 (2): 260–263 [2015-03-23].  doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.071. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-03-06）.

3.Field, Mike. "Hopkins pioneered 'blue baby' surgery 50 years ago; 'I Remember ... Thinking It Was Impossible'". The Gazette. 1995-05-30 [2020-02-19]. （原始內容存檔於2012-06-21）.

4.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made (PDF). The Washingtonian. 1989-08 [2015-03-23]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2015-04-02）.

5.心脏外科手术先驱维维恩·托马斯. share.America.gov. 美國國務院國際信息局. 2018-02-13 [2020-02-19].

 Minayar ko pisa’osi (伸延閱讀) 
1.McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made. Washingtonian. August 1989.

2.Reprinted — Like Something the Lord Made. [June 8, 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2017-12-13） –透過Longform Reprints.

3.Reprinted in Jay Friedlander; John Lee (編). Feature Writing for Newspapers and Magazines: The Pursuit of Excellence.

4.Revised as Like Something the Lord Made; The Vivien Thomas Story. Washingtonian. October 29, 2007 [2022-04-04]. （原始內容存檔於2012-02-12）.

5.Thomas, Vivien. Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and his Work with Alfred Blalock: an Autobiography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1985. ISBN 978-0-8122-7989-4.

6.Thomas, Vivien. Partners of the Heart: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock pbk. University of Pennsylvania Press. 1998. ISBN 0-8122-1634-2. (originally published as Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock)

(2003) Timmermans Stefan, "A Black Technician and Blue Babies" in Social Studies of Science 33:2 (April 2003), 197–229.

7.(2006) Tsung O. Cheng, "Hamilton Naki and Christiaan Barnard Versus Vivien Thomas and Alfred Blalock: Similarities and Dissimilarities" in American Journal of Cardiology 97:3 (February 1, 2006), 435–436.

8.(2003). Partners of the Heart. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） American Experience

9.(2004) "Something the Lord Made", HBO movie, Portrayed by Mos Def