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Қазақстанның ғалымдары
 Орта ғасырларда қазіргі Қазақстан аумағында көп ғалымдар жұмыс істеді. Мысалы: Әл-Фараби, Жүсіп Баласағұни, Қожа Ахмет Йасауи, М. Хайдар Дулати, К.Жалаири және басқалар. XIX ғасырда Қазақстанның  ғылымында П.П.Семенов-Тян-Шанский, Н. П. Рычков, П. М. Мелиоранский, В. В. Радлов, В. В. Бартольд, А. А. Диваев, Ч. Уәлиханов үлес енгізді.
 Қазір Қазақстанда көп ЖОО-лар бар, көп ақылды, білімді, перспективалық жастар бар; және біздің Отанымыздың ғылыми шамасы болашақта тек қана даму болады...
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Әбу Насыр Әл-Фараби
 Әбу Насыр Әл-Фараби (Насыр Мұхаммад ибн Тархан ибн Узлағ әл-Фараби) (870, Отырар қаласы — 950, Сирия (Шам)) — қазақ даласынан шыққан ұлы ғалым, ойшыл философ, математик, астролог, музыка теоретигі. Әскербасының отбасында дүниеге келген.
    Данышпан Әбу Насыр әл-Фараби Түркістан тарапындағы Отырар шаһарында 870 жыл шамасында туған. 950 жылы Шам (Дамаск) шаһарында ұлы ұстаз дүние салды. Бұл мәлімет ерте заманғы арабша жазылған шежіре кітаптарында берілген.
    Отырар шаһары - Арыс өзенінің Сырдария өзеніне құяр аралығына орналасқан.
Отырар сол кездегі үлкен шаһарлардың бірі болды. Бұл жерде көптеген төбелер жатыр. Сол төбелердің барлығы да бір кездегі Отырар қаласының орны.
 Әбунасыр Әл-Фараби — түркі ойшылдарының ең атақтысы, ең мәшһүрі, “Әлемнің 2-ұстазы” атанған ғұлама. Оның заманы “Жібек жолы” бойындағы қалалардың, оның ішінде Отырардың экономикасы мен мәдениетінің дамыған кезіне дәл келеді. Әбунасыр Әл-Фараби Орта Азия, Парсы, Ирак, Араб елдері қалаларына жиһанкездік сапарлар жасап, тез есейді. Ол жерлерде көптеген ғұламалармен, ойшыл-ақындармен, қайраткерлермен танысып, сұхбаттасты. Тарихи деректер бойынша 70-ке жуық тіл білген. Өздігінен көп оқып, көп ізденген ойшыл философия, логика, этика, метафизика, тіл білімі, жаратылыстану, география, математика, медицина, музыка салаларынан 150-ге тарта трактат жазып қалдырды.
   Әл-Фараби араб, парсы, түркі, латын, грек тілдерін жақсы білген.

Әл-Фараби есімі дүние жүзі мәдениеті мен ғылымының тарихынан берік орын алады. Оны шығыстың Аристотелі деп атаған.
Жүсіп Баласағұни
 Жүсіп Баласағұни (Жүсіп Хас Хажиб Баласағұни) 1020 жылы Балсағұн қаласы Қырғызстандағы қазіргі Тоқмоқ қаласында туып, Қашқар қаласында қайтыс болған.
  Жүсіп Баласағұни - ақын, ойшыл, ғалым, мемлекет қайраткері.
 Өмірі туралы мәліметтер аз сақталған. Файласуфи (философия), риезиет (математика), тиббий (медицина), фэлэкиат (астрономия), нужум (астрология), өнертану, әдебиеттану, тіл білімі, тағы басқа ғылым салаларының дамуына зор үлес қосқан. Жүсіп Баласағұнидің есімі әлемдік әдебиет пен мәдениет тарихында "Құтадғу білік" ("Құтты білік") дастаны арқылы қалды. Жүсіп Баласағұни бұл дастанын хижра есебімен 462 жылы, қазірғі жыл санау бойынша 1070 жылда жазып бітірген. Дастанды "хандардың ханы" - Қарахандар әулеті мемлекетінің (942 - 1210) негізін салушы Сатүк Қара Богра ханға (908 - 955) тарту етеді.
Қожа Ахмет Йассауи
 Қожа Ахмет Йассауи
 Қазақстан мен Орта Азиядағы сопылық поэзиясының көрнекті өкілі, дуалы ауыз данышпан, кемеңгер ақын ағартушы Ахмет Йасауи 1093 жылы немесе 1094 жылы көне Исфидзат (Сайрам) қаласында дүниеге келген. Оның ата-анасы Ибраһим Ата мен Қарашаш Ана осында тұрып, осы жерде қайтыс болған. Йасауи 1166 Түркістан (Йасы) қаласында қайтыс болды.

 Араб, парсы авторларының жазбаларына қарағанда Ахметтің әкесі өз заманының сауатты, көзі ашық адамы болған. Тіптен балауса, бүлдіршін Ахметке араб, парсы тілдерін Таяу Шығыстағы Исфахан, Бағдат қалаларынан ұстаздар жалдап үйретеді. Он алты жасында-ақ болашақ ақын, шығыс поэзиясын, әдебиетін, философиясын жетік меңгереді. Он жеті жасынан бастап, өзі де өлең жаза бастайды. Өз жырларын шығыс авторларынан бірінші болып, сол кездегі шойырлар секілді араб, парсы тілдерінде емес, өзінің ана тілі – түркі тілінде жазған. Иссауи шығармаларының құндылығы осында.
 Қазақ жерінің ортағасырлық мәдениетінің дамуында Яссауи жазған «Диуани Хикмет» (Даналық кітабы). Қожа Ахмет Яссауи ислам дінінің қазақ арасында кең тарауына үлкен үлес қосқан, шығармасын елге түсінікті етіп, түркі тілінде жазған. Ол жергілікті халықтардың ескі дінін жоққа шығармаған, қайта оны ислам дінімен ұштастырған.Яссауидің «Даналық кітабы» кезінде Орта Азиядан бастап, Еділ жағалауына дейінгі көшпенді түркі тайпаларының арасында кеңірек тараған.
Шоқан Уәлиханов
 Шоқан Шыңғысұлы Уәлиханов (1835—1865) — қазақтың ұлы ғалымы: ориенталист, тарихшы, фольклоршы, этнограф, географ, ағартушы. Қостанай облысы Сарыкөл ауданындвғы Күнтімес қыстауында дүниеге келген. Шын аты — Мұхаммед Қанафия.
Әжесі бала күнінде «Шоқаным» деп еркелетіп айтуымен, «Шоқан» аталып кеткен.
 Шоқан жас күнінен тарихи өлең, жыр, аңыз-әңгімелерді қызыға тыңдап, құлақ түріп өскен. Ол Омбыдағы кадет корпусында оқиды. Онда Шоқан өте жақсы оқып, терең білім алады. Кейін Шоқан Петербургтегі университетте лекция тыңдап; француз, неміс тілдерін меңгерді.
 1857 жылы Батыс Қытайға-Қашқарияға баратын Ресей үкіметі үлкен экспедицияны басқару Шоқан Уәлихановқа тапсырылады. Кейін ол зор еңбегін “Алты шаһардан жайы” жазды.
 Шоқан Уәлиханов 1865 жылы 30-жасында Қапал қаласы, Алтынемел асуында, Тезек ауылында қайтыс болған.
Семёнов-Тян-Шанский
 Семенов Тян-Шанский (1906 жылға дейін Семенов) Петр Петрович [2.(14). 1.1827, қазіргі РФ,Липецк облысы Чаплыгин ауданы Урусово с. маңындағы иелік — 26.2. (11.3.)1914, Санкт-Петербург] — Ресей географы, статист, қоғам және мемлекет қайраткері, Санкт-Петербург ҒА-ның құрметті мүшесі (1873).
 Семенов Тян-Шанский 1856 — 1857 ж.Тянь-Шаньға саяхат жасап, бұл орасан зор тау жүйесінің жанартаудан пайда болғанын дәлелдеп, оның орографиясын және биіктік белдемдігін анықтады, ірі мұздықтарды ашты.Сырдарияның бастауын зерттеп, Шу өзеннің Ыстықкөлден ағып шықпайтынын дәлелдеді. 50 тау шыңының биіктігін өлшеп, 23 асуды зерттеді, 1500-ге тарта тау жыныстарының коллекциялары мен өсімдік гербарийлерін жинады. Семенов Тян-Шанский география ғылымына Іле Алатауы, Жоңғар (Жетісу) Алатауы, Іле жазығы деген атаулар енгізді.
Санжар Асфендияров
 Асфендиаров Санжар Сейітржапарұлы
(20.10.1889, Ташкент –25.02.1938, Алматы) – мемлекет және қоғам қайраткері, көрнекті ғалым-тарихшы.
Ташкенттегі реалдық училищені, Петербургтағы әскери-дәрігерлік академияны 1917 жылы бітіріп шығады. Санжар онда әскери-теңіз министрлігінің стипендиясына оқиды. Бұл оған онан әрі қарай әскери қызметтің ауыртпалығын басынан кешуіне міндеттеді. әуелі ол Термезде болды, онан кейін майданға Түркістан полкінің әскери дәрігері ретінде қызмет етті.

 Санжар Қазақстанның академиялық ғылымының дамуына маңызды үлес қосты. 1931-1933 жылдары ол КСРО ҒА-ның Қазақстандық базасы төрағасының орынбасары болады, ғылыми консультация мен насихат комиссиясын, тарих-археология комиссиясын, қазақ сөздігі комиссиясын басқарады, ұлттық мәдениет жөніндегі Қазақ ғылыми-зерттеу институты тарих секторының меңгерушісі болады.

Ол – Қазақстан тарихы жөніндегі көптеген жұмыстың авторы, сондай-ақ қабілетті зерттеуші-филолог және жазушы. Шығыс халықтарының өмірі туралы «Әлем шатыры» деген әңгімесі, қазақ ұлтының мәдениеті жөнінде мақалалар жазды.

Алматыда Асфандиярұлы есімімен мәңгілік есте қалдыру үшін көше, мен мемлекеттік медицина университетіне аты берілген.
 Қаныш Имантайұлы Сәтбаев (1899 - 1964) - аса көрнекті қазақ геологы, қоғам қайраткері, Қазақ КСР Ғылым академиясын ұйымдастырушы және оның тұңғыш президенті, Қазақ КСР академиясының академигі, қазақстандық металлогениямектебінің негізін қалаушы.
Туған жері бұрынғы Семей губерниясының Павлодар уезіндегі Ақкелін болысы(қазіргі Павлодар облысының Баянауыл ауданы).
Қаныш Сәтбаев
  Геологиялық барлау мамандығы бойынша Томск технологиялық институтының тау-кен факультетін бітіріп келгеннен кейінгі Қаныш Сәтбаевтың бүкіл өмірі Қазақстанның минералдық ресурстарын және рудалық кендер генеалогиясын зерттеуге арналған. Оның геологиядан басқа ғылымдардан да; мәдениет саласында да; тарихтан да қалдырған ізі сайрап жатыр. Екінші дүниежүзілік соғыс аяқталуға тақағанда, жағдайдың аса қиын ауырлығына қарамастан, Қазақ КСР Ғылым академиясының ұйымдастыру жұмысына басшы болып, оның ісіне бел шеше араласуы ұлыларға тән көрегендіктің белгісі еді. Оның қалдырған ғылыми бай мұраларының ішінде, әсіресе, Жезқазған кені туралы зерттеулерінің, Сарыарқаның металлогендік және болжам карталары жөніндегі еңбектерінің мәні ерекше. Жезқазғанның ірі мыс рудалы аудандар қатарына жатуы кезінде осы кеннің жоспарлы түрде кең масштабтағы барлау жұмыстарын ұйымдастыруға болатын ірі объекті екенін дәлелдеп берген Қаныш Сәтбаев еңбегінің нәтижесі. Сондай-ақ ол минералдық шикізатқа бай Сарыарқа, кенді Алтай, Қарағанды, Қаратау секілді аймақтарға да ерекше назар аудара зерттеп, олардың кендерінің стратиграфиясы, тектоникасы, құрылысы, металлогениясы, неохимиясы және шығу тегі туралы маңызды ғылыми қорытындылар жасады, ғылымға формациялық металлогендік анализдің кешендік әдісін енгізді.

Мұрат Айтхожин
 Айтхожин Мұрат Әбенұлы(29.6.1939, Петропавл — 19.12.1987, Алматы) – биология ғылымының докторы (1977), профессор (1980), Қазақстан ҒА-ның корреспондент мүшесі (1979), академик (1983), Қазақстанда молекулалық биология мен биотехнологияның негізін қалаушылардың бірі, ғалым.
 Айтхожин — клеткалық макромолекулалардың (нуклеин қышқылдары мен белоктың) синтезі саласында аса құнды зерттеу жұмыстарын жүргізді. Эукариоттық клеткаларда кездесетін клеткалық бөлшектердің жаңа класын, ақпараттық рибонуклеин қышқылдарының (ақпараттық РНК-ның) рибонуклеопротеидтік түрін (РНП-ті) — информасоманы ашқан. Айтхожин бидай дәнінің эмбриогенезі, пісіп-жетілуі, тұқымынан өнуі кезінде оның клеткаларында жүретін құбылыстарды: ақпараттық РНК-ның биогенезін, түзілуін, сақталуын және оның құрылымдық ерекшеліктерін зерттеді. Өсімдік рибосомаларының физикалық-химиялық қасиеттерін анықтап, олардың жануар рибосомаларына ұқсас екенін байқады. Жануар мен өсімдік клеткаларының суббөлшектерінен тұратын әрекеті күшті будан рибосомалар алуға, оларды зерттеуге болатынын тәжірибе жүзінде дәлелдеді. Бұл зерттеулердің эволюциялық теорияны дамытуда үлкен маңызы болды.
Сұрақтар
1. Қандай Қазақстанның ғалымдарын білесіздер?
2. Әбунасыр Әл-Фараби қай жылы, қай жерде туды/қайтыс болған?
3. Отырар қаласы қайда орналаскан? Оның басқа атауларын айтыңыздар.
4. Әл-Фараби қандай тілдерді білді?
5. Жүсіп Баласағұни кім? Ол қандай аяларда жұмыс істеді?
6. Жүсіптің ең әйгілі шығармасы қалай аталады? Ол не туралы?
7. Қожа Ахмет Йасауи қай жылы, қай жерде туды/қайтыс болған?
8. Оның біраз шығармаларын айтыңыздар.
9. Қожа Ахмет Йасауи кесенесі қай калада орналасқан?
10. Ш. Уәлихановтың шын аты айтыңыздар. Ал қалай оны әжесі атады?
11. Ол қайда білім алды? Қандай тілдерін білді?
12. Оның әйгілі және зор еңбегі қандай?
13. Семенов Тян-Шанский нені зерттеді?
14. Ол қандай мекендерге саяхаттады?
Асфендияров Саржан қай аяларда жұмыс істеді?
16. Қаныш Сәтбаев кім? Ол нені зерттеді?
17. Мұрат Айтхожин нені ашты?
18. Оның негізгі қызметтерін айтыңыздар.
HomeWork.ucoz.kZ


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Future indefinite

extracted_text:
The Future Indefinite Tense
Королевство «Будущее Неопределенное Время».
Действия в нем будут происходить завтра, в следую-щем году, на будущей неделе, скоро или через какой-то период времени.
Правят королевством
Tomorrow
Tomorrow - завтра,
Soon - скоро,
Next year - в следующем году,
In two days - через два дня.
Next month - в следующем месяце,
In a week - через неделю,
I We You They He She It
Первые лица королевства
I - я
We - мы
You - ты, вы
They - они
He - он
She - она
It - оно, она, он
1-е л. ед.ч.
мн.ч.
2-е л. ед. и мн.ч.
3-е л. мн.ч.
3-е л. ед.ч.
The Verb
Утвердительное предложение
I                                                 I shall play hide-and-seek tomorrow.
We       +    shall   +    V1 .       We shall gather strawberries next
                    (‘ll)                         month.
I, We
shall
The Verb
Утвердительное предложение
You                                               You will  write a letter tomorrow
                                                      morning.
They                                             They will wash the floor next
                                                      Saturday.
He        +    will    +    V1.              He will meet me in three days.
She             (‘ll)                             She will buy a nice dress next
                                                      week.
It                                                    It will stop running soon.
You, They, He, She, It
will
not
Отрицательное предложение
The Verb
I                                                                  I shall not play hide-and-seek tomorrow.
We       +    shall    not  +    V1 .               We shall not gather strawberries next
                                                                  month.
I, We
shall
not
Отрицательное предложение
The Verb
You                                              You will not write a letter tomorrow
                                                      morning.
They                                             They will not wash the floor next
                                                      Saturday.
He        +    will    not  +    V1.      He will not meet me in three days.
She                                               She will not buy a nice dress next
                                                      week.
It                                                    It will not stop running soon.

You, They, He, She, It
will
Чтение сокращенных отрицательных форм вспомогательных глаголов
Shall not = shan’t  [′∫a:nt].

Will not = won’t  [′wount].
shall
I shan’t play hide-and-seek tomorrow.
not
will
not
You won’t  write a letter tomorrow morning.
Вопросительное предложение
The Verb
I, we
?
            I                                           Shall I play hide-and-seek tomorrow?
 Shall    +   we   +     V1 ?                       Shall we gather strawberries next month?
Shall
Вопросительное предложение
The Verb
you, they, he, she, it
?
                  you                                     Will you write a letter tomorrow morning?
                  they                                    Will they wash the floor next Saturday?
Will     +     he    +    V1?                      Will he meet me in three days?
                  she                                     Will she buy a nice dress next week?
                   it                                        Will it stop running soon?
Will


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект A Trip To Mars

extracted_text:
A Trip To Mars
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from
the Sun
in the Solar System.
It is often
described as the “Red Planet”.
Mars has two moons,
Phobos and
Deimos, which
are small and irregularly shaped.
Trip to Mars is an old dream of mankind.
During it travels may open new natural resources,
which will improve life of humanity in the future.
Mars is unknown planet, that hides a lot of secrets.
Currently we know, that life on Mars doesn’t exist,
but scientists continue to explore the planet.
Life on Mars is very different from life on Earth. The main difference is gravity, temperature, lack of water pressure and carbon dioxide instead of oxygen.
During a trip to Mars, many things can go wrong.
For example breakage of equipment.
Large amount of radiation and dust storms are a threat to human health.
Trip will be important for human civilization,
if one takes the first step to another planet to colonize it later. Colonization of Mars can play a big role in saving mankind in the case of some global catastrophe on Earth, such as a collision with an asteroid.
Thank you for your attention!


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект English Literature

extracted_text:
English LiteratureProject Workcomposedby the studentsof the 6 formDenis ShapovalandLena Bykhovets`
2013©
"Words are, of course, the most powerful drug used by mankind."
– Rudyard Kipling
Joseph Rudyard Kipling
(December 30, 1865  - January 18, 1936)
 was a famous British author and poet.
Born	Joseph Rudyard Kipling   30 December 1865Bombay, India to Alice Kipling and Lockwood Kipling
They are said to have met at Rudyard Lake in Staffordshire, England, hence Kipling's name
. From the ages of six to twelve young Kipling and his sister spent much time in England with their aunt and uncle , while his parents remained in India.      At the age of 6 he  went to boarding school, but  Kipling  was very unhappy there . He became ill  and his mother took him to United Services College at Westward Ho, North Devon. By 1880, he returned to Lahore,  (in modern-day Pakistan)  India where he began writing as a sub-editor for "The Civil and Military Gazette". He was just seventeen and he began tentative steps into the world of poetry.
 In 1892 he married Caroline Balestier, the daughter of an American lawyer and set up house with her in Vermont, the USA,where they lived for four years.His first two children, Josephine and Sussex, were born there. When they were little, he told them tales which  he made up himself. Later he published these tales in “The Jungle Book “ and “The Second Jungle Book” , and children in many countries like them very much. Many people know his book about Mowgli, a little Indian boy, who lived in the jungle with the wolves.
 In 1902 his “Just so Stories for Little Children” were published. His fairy-tales from the book were rather unusual for the British literature of that period. One can find the influence of Lewis Carroll’s “Alice in Wonderland” in Kipling’s work. But this influence didn’t prevent Kipling from creating absolutely new, unusual fairy-tales. The unusual effect of his tales is reached by the rhythm and the music of words. Those who were lucky to listen to Kipling reading his fairy-tales noted that they always sounded truthful. Besides, not only children but even adults were very fond of “Just so Stories”. Together with “The Jungle Book” it still enjoys great popularity.
The New York Times reported a front-page story on his health.
 At the beginning of World War I, like many other writers, Kipling wrote pamphlets which enthusiastically supported the UK's Army.  But Kipling's only son John died in 1915 at the Battle of Loos. Kipling's son's death inspired his poems about the war, for example his poem "My Boy Jack”. Partly because of this tragedy, Kipling joined Sir Fabian Ware's Imperial War Graves Commission. His chose the most significant of the biblical phrase "Their Name Liveth For Evermore" for the Stones of Remembrance and his suggested  the phrase "Known unto God" for the gravestones of unknown  soldiers.

In 1907 he received the first Nobel Prize in literature given to an author writing in the English language .Kipling became Lord Rector of St Andrews University in Scotland. Kipling kept writing until the early 1930s, but with much less success than before.

1.How many serving men in the work of Kipling?

2.What are their names?

3.What tales he wrote for children?

4.Which of them are the most famous?

 5.What city Kipling was born?

 6.Which country he wrote «Kim» ?

Bombay (now called Mumbai), India.
Kipling often himself drew illustrations for his stories.

Mowgli, how R. Kipling saw him.

Personal Quotes

 Our England is a garden .
 He travels fastest who travels alone.
Every one is more or less mad on one point.
The silliest woman can manage a clever man;
 but it needs a very clever woman to manage a fool.
Oh East is East and West is West and never the twain shall meet.
I keep six honest serving men (they taught me all I knew); their names are What and Why and When and How and Where and Who.
Most amusements only mean trying to win another person's money.
One of the hardest things to realize, especially for a young man, is that our forefathers were living men who really knew something.

He died on 18 January 1936, at the age of 70 . Rudyard Kipling was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium and his ashes were buried in Poets' Corner, part of the South Transept of Westminster Abbey, where many distinguished literary people are buried or commemorated


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Грамматическая конструкция «To be going to»

extracted_text:
Конструкция To Be Going To
урок английского языка в 5 классе
по УМК М.З. Биболетовой «Enjoy English – 5-6»

Презентацию разработала учитель английского языка  МОУ   СОШ   № 30
Ремизова И. А.
       At the lesson we shall:
Practice the sounds and words
Check up your homework
Review the verb To Be
Learn the new structure “To Be Going To” and practice it

Let’s practice the sounds and wordsRead and translate in chain
[ju:] news, good news, what news, students, you, do you know
[ei] stay, pay, educational, pay for the educational and social programmes, State, the British Local State School
[i] trip, British, families, British families, responsible, tickets, responsible for the tickets, Stephen, Mr Stephen Wooding, Zimin, Mr Zimin
      To Be Going To
Собираться что-либо сделать или куда-то.

Спряжение глагола To Be
I  -  am
He, She, It  -  is
We, You, They  -  are
To Be Going to + глаголсобираться что-либо сделать
I am going to play football.
He is going to play football.
We are going to play football.

let’s practice:      put “am, is, are.”
She ….. going to read a book.
He ….. going to buy the tickets.
I ….. going to drink coffee.
We ….. going to play tennis.
They ….. going to stay home.
Make up your own sentences using these verbs:
stay home
arrange a picnic
buy a car
pay for the social programme
visit Great Britain

To Be Going to:negative (-) and interrogative (?)
+ I am going to play football.
-  I am not going to play football.
? Am I going to play football ?

    Answer my questions  :
Are you going to ……  ?
Yes, I am. I am going to …..
No, I am not (I’m not).
    I’m not going to …….  .
Now let’s work in pairs
    Answer my questions  :
Are you going to ……  ?
Yes, I am. I am going to …..
No, I am not (I’m not).
    I’m not going to …….  .
            Home task :
Make up 3 sentences using “ to be going to “ (use am, is, are). Make them negative and interrogative.
                    Example:
+ He is going to write a letter.
 - He is not going to write a letter.
 ? Is he going to write a letter ?
             Home work
P. 29 рамочка*
В тетради*
Будь вежлив и не забывай, прощаясь говорить GOOD-BYE !
The lesson is over
Thank you for your work!


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Неделя

extracted_text:
Живут в английском языке семь верных братьев.
pptcloud.ru
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Sturday
SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday
Муллаева Ирина Александровна – учитель английского языка МОУ СОШ п. Уруша


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Тренажёр "Знакомство". Тренажёры по немецкому языку

extracted_text:
Знакомство
Хмеленок Николай Павлович,
Городнянский центр детского и юношеского творчества
Черниговской области

подруга
Freundin
Tante
Onkel
Schwester
я
ich
wie
du
wer
как
wie
wo
wer
und
или
oder
das
und
wie
приятно
angenehm
herzlich
Nacht
wer
ночь
Nacht
Freundin
Mädchen
Freund
собака
Hund
Bruder
vier
wer
или
oder
das
und
wie
Молодец!

Забирайте свой приз!
А  вот  и  приз!
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Warum Deutsch

extracted_text:
Warum Deutsch?
Mache eine richtige Wahl!!
Deutschland

Deutsch ist eine der verbreitesten Sprachen in der Welt:
Deutsch ist Muttersprache für 100 Mio. Menschen weltweit.
die Staatsflagge Deutschlands

das Wappen Deutschlands
die Karte Deutschlands

der Präsident Deutschlands
der Bundeskanzler Deutschlands
Berlin - die Hauptstadt Deutschlands

das Wappen Berlins
das Symbol Berlins – das Brandenburger Tor
das Reichstagsgebäude

der Alexanderplatz

München

das Wappen Münchens

das Symbol Münchens – die Frauenkirche

Alte Pinakothek

Neue Pinakothek

der Englische Garten

Olympia - Stadion

Deutsches Museum

Köln

das Wappen Kölns

das Symbol der Stadt – der Kölner Dom

Das Rathaus mit Glockenspiel

Kölner Karneval

das Kölnischwasser

Köln am Rein

„Mit jeder Sprache, die du kannst, bist du ein Mensch mehr“.

                       Johann Wolfgang von Goethe


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект USA

extracted_text:
Catayev Pavel 6-B class.
USA-United States of America

The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly called the United States (US or U.S.) and America, is a federal constitutional republic consisting of fifty states and a federal district.[1] The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south.
USA
The national flag of the United States of America, often simply referred to as the American flag, consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain and became the first states in the Union.[1] Nicknames for the flag include the "Stars and Stripes", "Old Glory",[2] and "The Star-Spangled Banner."
Flag of USA
Baseball has been regarded as the national sport since the late 19th century, while American football is now by several measures the most popular spectator sport.[313] Basketball and ice hockey are the country's next two leading professional team sports. These four major sports, when played professionally, each occupy a season at different, but overlapping, times of the year. College football and basketball attract large audiences. Boxing and horse racing were once the most watched individual sports,[314] but they have been eclipsed by golf and auto racing, particularly NASCAR. While soccer is much less popular in the United States than many other nations (where it is called football), it is played widely at the youth and amateur levels. Tennis and many outdoor sports are popular as well.
While most major U.S. sports have evolved out of European practices, basketball, volleyball, skateboarding, snowboarding, and cheerleading are American inventions, which have become popular in other countries. Lacrosse and surfing arose from Native American and Native Hawaiian activities that predate Western contact. Eight Olympic Games have taken place in the United States. The United States has won 2,301 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other country,[315] and 253 in the Winter Olympic Games, the second most by 2006.[316]

Sports.
Mainstream American cuisine is similar to that in other Western countries. Wheat is the primary cereal grain. Traditional American cuisine uses indigenous ingredients, such as turkey, venison, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, squash, and maple syrup, which were consumed by Native Americans and early European settlers.
Slow-cooked pork and beef barbecue, crab cakes, potato chips, and chocolate chip cookies are distinctively American foods. Soul food, developed by African slaves, is popular around the South and among many African Americans elsewhere. Syncretic cuisines such as Louisiana creole, Cajun, and Tex-Mex are regionally important.
Characteristic dishes such as apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. French fries, Mexican dishes such as burritos and tacos, and pasta dishes freely adapted from Italian sources are widely consumed.[309] Americans generally prefer coffee to tea. Marketing by U.S. industries is largely responsible for making orange juice and milk ubiquitous breakfast beverages.[310]
The American fast food industry, the world's largest, pioneered the drive-through format in the 1930s. Fast food consumption has sparked health concerns. During the 1980s and 1990s, Americans' caloric intake rose 24%;[309] frequent dining at fast food outlets is associated with what public health officials call the American "obesity epidemic".[311] Highly sweetened soft drinks are widely popular, and sugared beverages account for nine percent of American caloric intake.[312]

Food

The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values.[7][287] Aside from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries.[288] Mainstream American culture is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa.[7][289] More recent immigration from Asia and especially Latin America has added to a cultural mix that has been described as both a homogenizing melting pot, and a heterogeneous salad bowl in which immigrants and their descendants retain distinctive cultural characteristics.[7]
American culture is considered the most individualistic in the world.[290] The American Dream, or the perception that Americans enjoy high social mobility, plays a key role in attracting immigrants.[291] While the mainstream culture holds that the United States is a classless society,[292] scholars identify significant differences between the country's social classes, affecting socialization, language, and values.[293]
The American middle and professional class has initiated many contemporary social trends such as modern feminism, environmentalism, and multiculturalism.[294] Americans' self-images, social viewpoints, and cultural expectations are associated with their occupations to an unusually close degree.[295] While Americans tend greatly to value socioeconomic achievement, being ordinary or average is generally seen as a positive attribute.[296]

Culture.
The United States is officially a secular nation; the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and forbids the establishment of any religious governance. In a 2002 study, 59% of Americans said that religion played a "very important role in their lives", a far higher figure than that of any other wealthy nation.[274] According to a 2007 survey, 78.4% of adults identified themselves as Christian,[275] down from 86.4% in 1990.[276]
Protestant denominations accounted for 51.3%, while Roman Catholicism, at 23.9%, was the largest individual denomination.[275] The total reporting non-Christian religions in 2007 was 4.7%, up from 3.3% in 1990.[276] Other religions include Judaism (1.7%), Buddhism (0.7%), Islam (0.6%), Hinduism (0.4%), and Unitarian Universalism (0.3%).[275] The survey also reported that 16.1% of Americans described themselves as agnostic, atheist, or simply having no religion, up from 8.2% in 1990.[275][276]
There are also Baha'i, Wiccan, Druid, Jain, Native American, humanist and deist communities.[277] Doubt about the existence of a god or gods is growing rapidly among Americans under 30.[278] Polls show that overall American confidence in organized religion is declining,[279] and that younger Americans in particular are becoming increasingly irreligious.[280]

Religion.

English (American English) is the de facto national language. Although there is no official language at the federal level, some laws—such as U.S. naturalization requirements—standardize English. In 2010, about 230 million, or 80% of the population aged five years and older, spoke only English at home. Spanish, spoken by 12% of the population at home, is the second most common language and the most widely taught second language.[269][270] Some Americans advocate making English the country's official language, as it is in at least twenty-eight states.[6] Both Hawaiian and English are official languages in Hawaii by state law.[271]
While neither has an official language, New Mexico has laws providing for the use of both English and Spanish, as Louisiana does for English and French.[272] Other states, such as California, mandate the publication of Spanish versions of certain government documents including court forms.[273] Many jurisdictions with large numbers of non-English speakers produce government materials, especially voting information, in the most commonly spoken languages in those jurisdictions.
Several insular territories grant official recognition to their native languages, along with English: Samoan and Chamorro are recognized by American Samoa and Guam, respectively; Carolinian and Chamorro are recognized by the Northern Mariana Islands; Spanish is an official language of Puerto Rico and is more widely spoken than English there.

Language.

American public education is operated by state and local governments, regulated by the United States Department of Education through restrictions on federal grants. In most states, children are required to attend school from the age of six or seven (generally, kindergarten or first grade) until they turn eighteen (generally bringing them through twelfth grade, the end of high school); some states allow students to leave school at sixteen or seventeen.[230] About 12% of children are enrolled in parochial or nonsectarian private schools. Just over 2% of children are homeschooled.[231]
The United States has many competitive private and public institutions of higher education. According to prominent international rankings, 13 or 15 American colleges and universities are ranked among the top 20 in the world.[232][233] There are also local community colleges with generally more open admission policies, shorter academic programs, and lower tuition. Of Americans twenty-five and older, 84.6% graduated from high school, 52.6% attended some college, 27.2% earned a bachelor's degree, and 9.6% earned graduate degrees.[234] The basic literacy rate is approximately 99%.[1][235] The United Nations assigns the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying it for 12th in the world.[236]

Education.
The United States energy market is 29,000 terawatt hours per year. Energy consumption per capita is 7.8 tons of oil equivalent per year, the 10th highest rate in the world. In 2005, 40% of this energy came from petroleum, 23% from coal, and 22% from natural gas. The remainder was supplied by nuclear power and renewable energy sources.[225] The United States is the world's largest consumer of petroleum.[226] For decades, nuclear power has played a limited role relative to many other developed countries, in part due to public perception in the wake of a 1979 accident. In 2007, several applications for new nuclear plants were filed.[227] The United States has 27% of global coal reserves.[228]
Energy.
Thanks for watch!!!

                                                                                Catayev Pavel 6-B class.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Пасха

extracted_text:
     Ostern

МБОУ «Карпогорская СОШ № 118»
Лазарева Светлана Васильевна

Ostern kommt im Frühling bald
Sonne scheint. Es ist nicht kalt.
Tüchtig baut Vöglein Nest.
Erste Blumen blühen zum Fest.
Regen ist sehr selten nur.
Neu ist wieder die Natur.

	     kommt im Frühling.
Die Sonne 	    .
Es ist nicht         .
Zum Ostern blühen die ersten _______ .
Es regnet nur sehr  	       .
		ist neu.

Ostern
scheint
kalt
selten
Die Natur
Blumen

  Oster

hase
ei
kuchen
morgen
geschenk

rot

grün
blau
gelb
grau
weiß
braun
schwarz

Macht die Sӓtze komplett!
1. Ostern ist …                       A. …Ostergeschenke
2. Der Osterhase kommt…    B. ... im Frühling
3. Er legt Ostereier …            C. …zum Ostern
4.Er bringt den Kindern…     D. …ins Gras

Я узнал …
Мне было интересно …
Мне было трудно …


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Modal Verbs. Can

extracted_text:
Tregubenko N.V.
THE MODAL VERBS
can
2
can / could

3
can/could   выражает:
физическую или умственную способность, возможность делать что-либо
I
"Can you swim?"
Can
"I
can
ride
a horse."
can
4
"I could get only two tickets."
can / could выражает:
возможность в зависимости от обстоятельств
I
could
5
can выражает:
разрешение  (можете + инфинитив)
You can go now.
can
I
6
can / could выражает:
просьбу
Can you tell
     me a fairy-tale?
Can
I
7
can выражает:
запрет  (нельзя + инфинитив)
"You can't play football here."
can't
I
8
could  или  was able to?
   could обозначает способность делать что-либо в прошлом
      I could read when I was 5.
       Я мог читать, когда мне было 5 лет.
   was able to употребляется, когда кто-либо
    смог сделать что-то в определённой ситуации
    (удалось)
      There was a fire in the building but everybody
       was able to escape. (= managed to escape)
       В здании был пожар, но все смогли спастись
       (но всем удалось спастись)
9

can выражает:
сильное сомнение:
II

не может
быть, чтобы

S
+
can't
+
Inf
do
be doing
have done
have been doing

Подлежащее
Инфинитив в одной из форм

10
Не может быть,
It can't be true.
can't
чтобы…
11
He can't have been reading for 3 hours.
can
II

He can't read novels.
Не может быть, что он читает романы. (вообще)
He can't be reading now.
Не может быть, чтобы он читал сейчас.
He can't have read this book.
Не может быть, чтобы он прочитал эту книгу.
Не может быть, чтобы он читал уже 3 часа.
12

can
сильное удивление или изумление:
II

Неужели..?
Разве ..?

S
+
Can
+
Inf
do
be doing
have done
have been doing

Подлежащее
Инфинитив в одной из форм

выражает:
Could
13
Неужели ..?
Can it be true?
Can
"Can a carpet
 be flying?"
Can
Неужели это правда?
Неужели ковёр летит?
14
can
II

Can he read novels?
Неужели он читает романы? (вообще)
Can he be reading now?
Неужели он читает сейчас?
Can he have read this book?
Неужели он прочитал эту книгу?
Can he have been reading for 3 hours?
Неужели он читает уже 3 часа?
15
Negative Form:
You
can
do it now.
not
not
You
will
be able to do it.
16
Shortened Negative Form:
can
not
could
=
can
t
not
=
could
n
t
'
'
17
Interrogative Form
?
He
can
operate a computer
Can
he
Yes, he can.
No, he can't.
18
PRESENT,  PAST  or  FUTURE

I have only two tenses:

I am used in the                ,
and
When you express physical or
mental ability I can replace you.

the Present
the Past
CAN
COULD

am
is
are
Present
Past
Future
was
were
will be
Tenses.
19
I can pick a lot of apples
off this tree.
I am able to pick a lot of
apples off this tree.
I could pick a lot of apples
off this tree last year.
I was able to pick a lot of
apples off this tree last year.
I think I’ll be able to pick a lot
of apples off this tree next year.

20
Translate into Russian:
Can you wait a minute? – Yes, I can.
	Вы можете подождать минутку? – Да.
You can’t take the movie star’s picture now.
	Нельзя фотографировать кинозвезду сейчас.
You will not be able to solve this difficult problem.
	Ты не сможешь решить эту трудную задачу.
Jack can’t know Spanish well.
	Не может быть, чтобы Джек хорошо знал испанский.
He was very strong; he could ski all day and dance all night.
	Он был очень сильным; он мог кататься на лыжах весь день и танцевать всю ночь.
21
Translate into English:
Ты мог бы перевести этот текст?
	Could you translate this text?
В комнате темно, я не могу найти свои вещи.
    It’s dark in the room; I can’t find my things.
Мой брат умел плавать, когда ему было пять лет.
    My brother could swim when he was five years old.
Неужели так поздно?
   Can it be so late?
Не может быть, чтобы учитель меня заметил.
   The teacher can’t have noticed me.
22
Мы узнали:
Что обозначает глагол can

Когда употребляется
глагол can / could и его
эквивалент to be able to


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Пустыни

extracted_text:
pptcloud.ru
               Desert   facts

The   Sahara   Desert   is
 the   largest   desert   in
the    world.

People   often   travel    by
camel.
Sahara   desert
Desert    facts
Gobi    desert
The  Gobi  Desert  is  the  coldest  desert  in  the  world.
                     Desert    facts
Aus
Australian    desert
Nearly  half   of   Australia   is   a
desert.
You  can  see  kangaroos
there.
                      desert    facts
Arabian    desert
The  Arabian  Desert  has  the  most  sand
and   lots  of    sand   dunes.
                      desert    facts
Turkestan    Desert
There  is  lots  of  oil  in  the  Turkestan  Desert
                      Desert    facts
Kalahari    Desert
San    people  live  in   the  Kalahari   Desert   in
Southern     Africa.
The  Kalahari  Desert  is  a  large  arid  sandy  area  in Southern  Africa.  Extend  900.000  square  kilometres.  Covering  much  of  Botswana  and  parts  of  Namibia  and  South  Africa.  The    Kalahari    supports   some   animals   and  plants   because   most   of   it  is   not  a   true  desert.  There   are    small    amounts    of   rainfall    and   the    summer   temperature   is   very   high.
Previously   havens   for  wild   animals   from  elephant  to
giraffe.  For  predators  such  as  lion  and  cheetah.  The
riverbeds  are  now  mostly  grasing  spots. The   Kalahari
Desert  was   once  a  much  wetter  place.  The  Kalahari
supports   a   variety  of   fauna    and    flora. The  native
flora   includes   acacia  trees   and  many  other   herbs
and    grasses.  In  the  rainy  season, tens  of  thousands
of    flamingos  visit  these  pans.  The   Kalahari    has   a
number   of    game    reserves – the   Central    kalahari
Game   Reserve, the   world’s   second   largest   protected
aria.  Animals   that    live   in   the   rigion   include   brown
hyenas, lions, giraffes, jackals, antelope   and    many   of
birds    and    reptiles.

Acacia    tree

Elephants

Giraffes

Lions

Cheetahs

Flamingos

Hyenas

Jackals

Antelopes


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект School clubs

extracted_text:
Муниципальное общеобразовательное учреждениесредняя общеобразовательная школа № 7  города Алексеевка Белгородской области

Урок английского языка по теме:
«School clubs»

Класс: 5 «Б»
Выполнил: учитель
английского языка
Марковская М.В.

г. Алексеевка, 2013-2014 уч. год.

Talking about school clubs
Our school clubs invite you!
[u:]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
Find the word with the sound:
[ʧ]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
Find the word with the sound:
[e]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
[ʧ]
Find the word with the sound:
[ɔ:]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
[ʧ]
[e]
Find the word with the sound:
[f]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
[ʧ]
[e]
[ɔ:]
Find the word with the sound:
[ɪ]
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
[ʧ]
[e]
[ɔ:]
[f]
Find the word with the sound:
S
U
P
E
R
!!!
drawing
musician
nature
singing
tennis
photography
[u:]
[ʧ]
[e]
[ɔ:]
[f]
[ɪ]
Make up questions. Use the words from the table:

Our school clubs invite you!
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Here are more clubs. Read about them.
Which club would you like to choose?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Why do we attend different school clubs?
Write an advert for your favourite school club
Use the texts on p.30 if necessary
Homework:
SB: ex.97 p.31 by heart;
WB: ex.20, 21 p.11


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект учитель года

extracted_text:
Один за всех, и все за одного.

Дерево живёт корнями, а человек друзьями.

Без труда -не выловишь и рыбку из пруда.

Для друга ничего не жаль

Крепкую дружбу и топором не разрубить.

а
к
о
б
а
т
у
г
а
н
т
р
л
е
т
а
л
ә
е
и
ь
е
л
л
и
ф
ш
ш
у
р
а
й
п
у
к
а
Подбери антоним
Прочный
Смелый
Твёрдый
Широкий
Высокий
Горький
Кроссворд

в
И туган тел,
и матур тел,
әткәм-әнкәмнең теле! Дөньяда
күп нәрсә белдем
син туган тел аркылы.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Сокращения в английском языке

extracted_text:
Департамент образования города Москвы Государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждениегорода Москвы «Школа с углубленнымизучением английского языка № 1354»Сокращения в английском языкеИсполнители проекта: Шалавина ЕкатеринаФатеева Мария учениц 10«Л» класса  Руководители проекта: Жуковина Алексадра Сергеевна, учитель английского языка
   Проект по иностранному языку

    Актуальность.
Сокращения в английском языке могут стать проблемой, т.к. за аббревиатурами может скрываться любой смысл, непонятный изучающему язык. Чтобы быть готовым распознать их в речи или на письме надо рассмотреть те, которые преобладают в различных тематиках.

    Цель: . анализ сокращенных слов и словосочетаний в английском языке.

    Задачи:
рассмотреть виды сокращений слов и словосочетаний;
изучить возможные сокращения часто употребляемых слов в английском языке;
провести опрос у людей

       Сокращения издавна применялись на письме у всех народов, обладающих письменным языком. Употребление сокращенных слов и словосочетаний является широко распространенным явлением в англо-американском научном, газетном, разговорном стилях.

Встречаются три вида сокращений: буквенные сокращения, слоговые сокращения, усеченные слова. Рассмотрим каждую из этих категорий.

Буквенные сокращения
Слоговые сокращения
Усеченные слова
При этом способе сокращения может отпадать:
а) начальная часть слова, причем оставшаяся часть читается как новое слово:

б) конечная часть слова:

в) средняя часть слова:
Примеры сокращений

b – be (Глаг. быть)
asap - as soon as possible (Как можно скорее )
b4 – before (Раньше / До этого)
bout – about (На счет / О)
C – see (Увидеть / увидимся)
dey – they (Они)
idk - I don't know (Я не знаю)
l8er – later (Позже / Потом)
gr8 – great (Замчательно)

ttyl - talk to you later (Поговорим позже)
wht – what (Что)
U, Y – you (Ты)
cnt - can't (Не могу)
gd- good (Хорошо)
luv – love (Люблю)
n – and (И)
r – are (Глаг. быть)1t – want (Хотеть / хочу)
2 - too, to (Тоже / то же /  туда)
4 – four, for ( Четыре(цифра) / для)

IMHO и FYI
TNX или THX
LOL
 NP и YW

  PLZ и PLS

   Что значит XOXO?

 ROFL

  OMG

 BRB AFK или g2g

 AFAIK

 AC/DC

BYOB

SY
. Часто используемые аббревиатуры в письменной речи

P.S
ASAP
AM
PM
 PLZ и PLS
A.D
B.C
B.C.E. или century B.C.E
FYI
 NP и YW

сокращением в текстах является:
Ed. – edition (редакция).
Fem. – feminine, используется для обозначения женского рода.
Masc. – masculine, обозначает мужской род.
Info. – information (информация).
Admin – administrator (администратор).
App. – application (приложение)
Exam – examination (экзамен).
Flu – influenza (грипп).
Hippo – hippopotamus (гиппопотам).

«Быть или не быть!»

2b?Ntb?=? (“To be or not to be? That is a question”)
Сочинение на тему «Как я провела каникулы»:
 "My smmr hols wr CWOT. B4, we used 2go2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & thr 3 : kids FTF. ILNY, it's a gr8 plc.«

"My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York. It's a great place".

. Вывод

	    Постоянное сокращение - опасный процесс, чреватый непредвиденными последствиями. Из-за этого устное общение с окружающими может превратиться лишь в короткие диалоги, а ведь человек тем и отличается от животного, что он может красиво и грамотно говорить и слов у него в запасе для этого предостаточно
Благодарность.

Особую благодарность хотим выразить нашей учительнице английского языка Александре Сеергеевне и интернету.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Water polo

extracted_text:
Water polo

Water polo is played in a swimming pool. Two teams of seven players play a water polo match.

The origins of water polo can be traced back to the late 19th century when a Scottish man named William Wilson constructed the rules for the game, as a result of the public’s growing disinterest of swimming carnivals.

 The sport was introduced onto the Olympic scene in 1900 during the Paris game, making it one of the longest running team games in the Olympics and can be played by both men and women (Smith, 1998).

Women's water polo was included in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney.

In Olympic competition a water polo match is played for four quarters. Each quarter lasts 8 minutes.
Pool
Signal to be used

Water polo equipment
Ball. The ball weighs between 400g and 450g.
Bathing caps. Coloured bathing caps with individual numbers and ear protectors.
Swimsuits. The swimsuit should be non-transparent or with a separate undergarment.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Shopping for clothes

extracted_text:
Clothes
Shopping
for clothes
Fur coat               Boots

Fur cap                   Mittens

Winter
Spring / Autumn
Coat                         Jacket

Raincoat                 Trousers

					Sweater
Summer
T-shirt			Shorts

Dress			Skirt

Blouse			Jeans
Clothes for life
Find the words of clothes
a
b
s
k
i
r
t
e
c
o
a
t
l
a
n
m
i
b
l
o
u
s
e
i
d
r
e
s
s
f
o
t
m
l
j
e
a
n
s
t
c
j
a
c
k
e
t
e
p
b
o
o
t
s
g
s
a
f
s
h
o
e
s
n
Read the phrases to make the conversation
Yes, of course.
Here you are.
Thank you.
How much are they?
They are 20 pounds.
Excuse me, can you show me the trousers?
Restore the dialogue
Can I help you?
I would like to try a T-shirt and jeans.
What colour?
Blue, please.
Any problem, madam?
I’d like a smaller size. Does it suit me?
It looks good.
How much are the jeans?
20 pounds.
Here you are.
Thank you.
…
…
…
…
…
…


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Бутерброды

extracted_text:
Его величество -Салат
Кислицына Ираида Анатольевна
учитель технологиивысшая квалификационная категория
Муниципальное образовательное учреждение
средняя общеобразовательная школа №11
г.Березники 2006г
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
2
ЦЕЛИ
Научить приготовлению салатов;

Закрепить знания по нарезке овощей;

Научить оформлять и подавать салаты;

Уметь сервировать стол к завтраку;
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
3
Проверочная работа
Задание:
Учитель читает вопрос, вы находите номер правильного ответа по вариантам и записываете ответ в строчку.
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
4
Проверка
Если вы все сделали правильно, то у вас получится следующее:

1 вариант:  86 – 93 – 17 – 410 – 25

2 вариант:  108 – 46 – 95 – 73- -12
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
5
Вопросы
Что относится к первичной обработке овощей?
Назвать формы нарезки овощей.
Перечислить инструменты и приспособления, используемые для измельчения и нарезки продуктов.
Какими питательными веществами богаты овощи?
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
6
Что же такое – салат?
Какое это блюдо – холодное или горячее?
Из каких продуктов приготавливают?
Чем заправляют?
Когда его подают: в начале приема пищи, в середине или в конце?
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
7
САЛАТ
Это холодное блюдо, состоящее из одного или нескольких видов овощей, а также в сочетании с другими продуктами, заправленное сметаной, майонезом, растительным маслом или салатной заправкой.
Используют как самостоятельное блюдо и в качестве гарнира.
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
8
Виды салатов

СЕЗОННЫЕ
ПОСТОЯННЫЕ

ПРОСтые
сложные
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
9
Технология приготовления салатов из овощей
Тепловая и первичная обработка овощей.
Нарезка овощей. Овощи должны быть нарезаны одинаковой формы.
Заправка салата. Перемешивать продукты надо осторожно, чтобы они не мялись.
Выложить в салатник и украсить.

08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
10
Способы оформления
Веер
  лилия
роза
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
11
Сложная нарезка
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
12

Из фруктов

Из овощей
оформление
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
13
Правила приготовления салатов
Готовить салат непосредственно перед подачей.
Все продукты должны пройти первичную или тепловую обработку.
Нельзя соединять теплые и холодные продукты – салат быстро испортится.
Заправлять и оформлять салаты надо прямо перед подачей на стол.
Нельзя приготавливать и хранить салаты в металлической посуде.
Срок хранения в холодильнике незаправленных салатов не более 12 часов, а заправленных-6 часов
Оформлять салаты продуктами, входящими в их состав.
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
14
Практическая работа
ПЛАН РАБОТЫ
Инструктаж
Приготовление салата
Оформление
Сервировка стола
Дегустация
Анализ проделанной работы

08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
15
Запомни
Соблюдай правила
Поведения за столом
Сервировки стола
Техники безопасности
Санитарии и гигиены
08/06/2006
И.А.Кислицына
16
ВЫВОД
Салаты – это легкие, вкусные и питательные блюда.
Их легко и быстро готовить.
Для них пригодны любые продукты.
Используются разнообразные заправки, пряности, специи и травы.
Фантазия в оформлении безгранична..

Приятного аппетита!


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Business Letter Basics

extracted_text:
Business Letter Basics
QUESTIONS
Which date format should NOT be used in an English business letter?
October 18, 2002
18.10.2002
18 October 2002
Which date format should NOT be used in an English business letter?
October 18, 2002
18.10.2002
18 October 2002
Which date format should NOT be used in an English business letter?
WRONG!
BACK
You start a business letter to the U.K. with 'Dear Sir or Madam'. What should the complimentary close be?
Yours faithfully,
Yours sincerely,
Yours faithfully
Sincerely,
ERROR
BACK
YES!
Where can the subject line in an English letter be?
Between the salutation line and the body of the letter.
Between the sender's name and the recipient's address.
Between the body of the letter and the complimentary close.
BACK
No, the subject line should be somewhere else.
Good! This is where you MAY put it.
You write a letter to the UK starting
'Dear Ms. Black,‘
How should this letter end?
Love,
Yours faithfully,
Yours sincerely,
WRONG!
IT’S REALLY SO!
The first goal in writing a business letter is to get the recipient's …
address
attention
services
trade
OOPS!
YOU’RE RIGHT
The enclosure notation represents…
that you have left out a part of the letter and need to mail them another letter
that there is something else besides the letter included in the envelope
the typists name
NO!
TRY AGAIN
CORRECT
Our address and phone number are shown on our…
salutation
letterhead
inside address
enclosures
WRONG!
YES!
Traditionally, where should you place the date on your letter?
On the top left of the paper
In the middle of the paper
At the end of the letter
On the bottom right
RIGHT YOU ARE!
When keying in a personal business letter that is in block style, the block style means…
All parts of the letter should be centered
All parts of the letter, except the salutation are typed at the left margin
All parts of the letter should be typed at left margin
All parts of the letter, except the return address are typed at the left margin
TRY AGAIN
If we don’t want the named recipient to know that other people have received copies we use:
“Blind copies”
 “Secret copies”
 “Blind carbon copies”
“Confidential copies”
OH, NO! THINK IT OVER!


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Wilhelm Richard Wagner

extracted_text:
(1813.05.22, Leipzig, 1883.02.13, Venedig), deutscher Komponist, Dirigent, Musikschriftsteller und Dramatiker
Wilhelm Richard Wagner
Von Mikola Driomov

Richard Wagner wurde in Leipzig, 22. Mai 1813 Familie des Polizisten geboren. Ein paar Monate nach der Geburt starb sein Vater und seine Mutter heiratete bald Schauspieler Ludwig Geyer , letztere zog seine Familie nach Dresden, wo er im Drama gearbeitet . Little Richard in der frühen Kindheit wurde von einer Atmosphäre des Theaters umgeben ist, in das Leben der Theaterszenen , die den gesamten Weg der Zukunft seine Tätigkeit als Dramatiker und Opernkomponisten betroffen beteiligt. Wagner ist sehr interessiert an Literatur, Poesie , Theater, Geschichte der alten Welt. Homer und Shakespeare waren seine Idole.
Creative-Bild-Wagner bemerkenswerte Eigenschaft von einer Reihe von prominenten Persönlichkeiten Vielseitigkeit, auch Universalität der musikalischen Aktivität: Wagner war nicht nur ein großer Komponist, sondern auch ein Dichter, Dramatiker - Autor der Texte von allen seinen Opern, der größten Dirigenten seiner Zeit, zusammen mit Berlioz - ein der Gründer der neuen Kunst des Dirigieren, Musikkritiker und Journalist, ihre künstlerischen Überzeugungen energisch verteidigen; Theoretiker seiner Kunst und in zahlreichen literarischen Werken.
Rimsky-Korsakov schrieb in dem Artikel schon Wagner und Dargomyzhski zitiert: << ... R. Wagner als Komponist-Schöpfer ist der Schöpfer der wunderbaren Malereien und Poesie, der Schöpfer der schönen Momente der Grafik Musik in seiner dramatisch-musikalischer Werke verstreut, und das ist seine größte Stärke.
Schloss Neuschwanstein ist eine der am meisten besuchten Burgen in Deutschland und eines der beliebtesten Touristenziele in Europa. Das Schloss befindet sich in Bayern. Es wurde von König Ludwig II. von Bayern , auch bekannt als gebaut " Märchenkönig ". Schloss NoyshvanshtaynLyudvigom bayerischen König Ludwig II. war ein großer Bewunderer der Kunst und Kultur und persönlich unterstützt den weltberühmten Komponisten Richard Wagner, und das Schloss Neuschwanstein wurde teilweise zu seinen Ehren errichtet.
Der Innenraum der Burg viele glamouröse Atmosphäre Wagner- Zeichen . Apropos Literatursprache , Neuschwanstein bedeutet " New Swan Castle " in Analogie mit dem König -Schwan , eines der Zeichen von Wagner. Neuschwanstein wirklich beeindruckt Märchenschloss . Im Innenhof des Schlosses ist ein Garten mit einer künstlichen Höhle . Neuschwanstein und schön von innen . Fabulous Blick auf Neuschwanstein inspiriert Walt Disney , um die Magic Kingdom, in der berühmten Zeichentrickfilm " Dornröschen ". Walt Disneys Sleeping Beauty verkörpert erstellen.
Im September 1882 ging Wagner nach Italien. Er erlitt Herzinfarkt, und einer von ihnen, den 13. Februar 1883 erwies sich als fatal. Wagner Leiche wurde nach Bayreuth transportiert und mit staatlichen Ehren im Garten seiner Villa "Wahnfried" begraben.
Wagner schrieb "Der Ring des Nibelungen", kaum noch Hoffnung, die das Theater gefunden werden, die Fähigkeit, das gesamte Epos liefern und vermitteln dem Zuhörer ihre Ideen. Allerdings Zeitgenossen gegen ihre geistigen Bedürfnisse zu schätzen wissen, und epische fand seinen Weg auf den Betrachter. Die Rolle der "Ring" in der Entwicklung des deutschen Nationalgeist kann nicht überbetont werden. Nibelungen in der nordischen Mythologie und Epen alle Besitzer von Goldschatz (Schätzen und magischen Ring der Macht) Zwerg Zwerge Andvari, die zuvor gestohlen verfluchte Gold von den Rheintöchtern. Nibelungen.
Oper "Die Walküre", der zweite Teil der Tetralogie "Der Ring des Nibelungen", verdankt seinen Namen der Tochter des Herrschers der Götter Brünnhilde. Es gehört zu den ruhmreichen Stamm der Walküren, Kriegerinnen, die das Schlachtfeld von gefallenen Soldaten tragen und bringen sie in das Reich der Himmel .. Valhalla Leitmotiv der Walküren wie ein Schlachtruf, es symbolisiert die heroische Impuls und das Streben zum Sieg.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Косвенная речь (просьбы, приказания, приветствие, прощание)

extracted_text:
Презентация по английскому языкуна тему:“The Reported Speech(requests / orders, greeting and good-bye phrases)”
Презентацию подготовила
учитель английского языка
МБОУ СОШ п. Солидарность
Елецкого муниципального района
Липецкой области
Кирсановой Натальи Николаевны

Повелительные предложения в косвенной
речи вводятся одним из следующих глаголов
в  Present Simple или Past Simple:
advise –  советовать         ask – просить
beg – просить, умолять    suggest – предлагать
tell –  приказывать            order – приказывать
threaten – угрожать          сommand – скомандовать
encourage – вдохновлять   invite – приглашать
remind – напоминать        warn – предупреждать
Выбор глагола зависит от характера просьбы или
приказа. За глаголом следует имя существительное в
общем (=Им.) падеже или местоимение в объектном
(=косвенном) падеже.

Direct Speech
"Give up fast food," the doctor said.
«Прекратите есть фаст-фуд»,-
сказал  доктор.

Reported Speech
The doctor advised her to give up fast
food. – Доктор посоветовал ей
прекратить есть фаст-фуд.

Direct Speech
"Don't be late!" said the teacher. –
«Не опаздывайте!» – сказал
учитель.

Reported Speech
The teacher warned us not to be late. –
Учитель предупредил нас, чтобы мы
не опаздывали.

При переводе утвердительного
повелительного предложения в
косвенную речь глагол в повелительном
наклонении заменяется инфинитивом
(неопределенной формой глагола), в
отрицательном предложении
инфинитиву предшествует частица not
(т.е. часть сказуемого Don't меняется на
not to).

Direct Speech
He said to me, "Let's go to the pictures". –
Он сказал мне: «Давай сходим в кино».

Reported Speech
He invited (=offered) me to go to the
pictures. – Он пригласил меня в кино.
(= Он предложил мне сходить в кино).

Direct Speech
The teacher said to the pupils, "Don't talk".
Учитель сказал ученикам: «Не
разговаривайте!»

Reported Speech
The teacher told his pupils not to talk. –
Учитель приказал ученикам не
разговаривать.

Direct Speech
Peter said to Mary, "Would you mind
ringing me up at nine?« – Питер сказал
Мэри: «Ты не возражаешь против
того, чтобы позвонить мне в 9 ч.?»

Reported Speech
Peter asked Mary to ring him up at nine. –
Питер попросил Мэри позвонить ему
в 9 ч.
Фразы приветствия и прощания в косвенной речи
Для передачи приветствия и прощания в
косвенной речи используются следующие
фразы:
     Приветствия                            Прощания
Не greeted them.                  He said good-bye to… .
They greeted each other.      He bade them good-bye…
He welcomed them.             He took his leave.
                                             He took leave of… .
                                             He wished them good night.

Direct Speech
"Hello, Tom".
"Hello, Jack".

Reported Speech
Tom and Jack greeted each other. –
Том  и Джек поприветствовали друг
друга.

Direct Speech
He said, “Good-bye, Helen.”

Reported Speech
He said good-bye to Helen.
He bade Helen good-bye.
He took leave of Helen.
He took her leave.

Direct Speech
"Happy to see you at my place, Mary", Betty
said. – “Приятно видеть тебя у меня,
Мэри», - сказала Бэтти.

Reported Speech
Betty welcomed Mary saying that she was
Happy to see her at her place. – Бэтти
поприветствовала Мэри, сказав, что она
рада видеть ее у себя.

Direct Speech
Tom called, "Good night, Mary," as he went
down the steps. – Том крикнул, «Спокойной
ночи, Мэри», как только он спустился вниз по
порожкам.

Reported Speech
Tom wished Mary good night as he went down
the steps. – Том пожелал Мэри спокойной
ночи, как только он спустился вниз по
порожкам.

                      Список использованных источников:
1. Шаблон презентации
http://pedsovet.su
2. Теоретический материал + примеры предложений
a) http://www.alleng.ru/mybook/3gram/synt23.htm
b) Голицынский Ю. Б. Английский язык.
     Грамматика. Сборник упражнений
c) К. И. Кауфман, М. Ю. Кауфман Английский язык:
    Счастливый английский.ру / Happy English.ru Учебник
    англ.яз. Для 9 кл. общеобразоват. учрежд. – Обнинск:
    Титул, 2012
d) Мыльцева Н.А., Жималенкова Т.М. Универсальный
    справочник по грамматике английского языка. –
    Издательство «ГЛОССА», 2003


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Valentines day

extracted_text:
«День святого Валентина»
Автор: Сисина Е.А.
Должность: учитель английского языка
Место работы: МОУ Агаповская СОШ № 1 имени П.А.Скачкова
pptcloud.ru
St.Valentine’Day
Автор: Ведерникова И.Н.
Должность: учитель английского языка
Место работы: МСОУ школа-интернат	№4
Дата создания: 2.02.2007.
Руководитель: Рязанова Л.С.
Holidays in England:
1.Christmas Day.
2.Easter.
3.New Year’s Day.
4. Mother’s Day.
5.St. Valentine’s Day.
6.Halloween.
7.Father’s Day.

  Check up:
1.New Year’s Day – Januare 1.
2.St. Valentine’s Day –February 14.
3.Mother’s Day –March.
4.Easter – April.
5.Father’s Day –June.
6.Halloween – October 31.
7.Christmas Day –December 25.
Я Вас  любил
Я Вас любил: любовь ещё, быть может
В душе моей угасла не совсем;
Но пусть она Вас больше не тревожит;
Я не хочу печалить Вас ничем.
Я вас любил безмолвно, безнадежно,
То робостью, то ревностью томим;
Я Вас любил, так искренно, так нежно,
Как дай Вам Бог любимой быть другим.
                               А.С.Пушкин
: St. Valentine’s
.
Day is a religious
I loved you, in my heart there is an amber
   Of love not wholly faded it may be.
    But do not let it hurt you to remember
    I wouldn’t have you suffer pain for me.
    I loved you in a hopeless silent fashion
    Racked now by shyness, now by jealous fear…
    I loved you with such pure and tender passion,
     God grant another love you so, me dear.
                              Oleg Maslennikov
It’s Valentine’s Day

It’s Valentine’s Day. And in the street
There’s freezing rain, and slush, and sleet.
The wind is fierce. The skies are gray.
I don’t think I’ll go out today.
But here inside the weather’s warm.
There is no trace of wind or storm.
And you just made the morning shine.
You said you’d be my Valentine.
                  by Jack Prelutsky
St. Valentine’s Day is a religious holiday which is celebrated in Great Britain, in many European countries and in the USA. It is marked in Russia too. St.Valentine’s Day has roots in several legends.
There are many legends about how St.Valentine’s Day started and no one Knows for sure  whether any of them are true. Also there is a lot of traditions of celebrations St.Valentine’s Day in different countries.
This is the legend of how St.Valentine’s Day began. When the Roman Emperor Claudius II needed soldiers, he made a law against marriage because he felt that marriage made men want to stay at home instead of fighting wars. But at that time there was a kindly priest named Valentine. He couldn’t agree with the empreror’s decision. When he saw that young couples were truly in love, he married them secretly.
Today on that day people in Great Britain send valentine cards and presents to their husbands, wives, boyfriends and girlfriends. You can also send a card to a Person you don’t know. But traditionally you must never write your name on it. Some British newspapers have a page for  Valentine’s Day message on  February 14.
St.Valentine’s Day is not official holiday in the USA, but people  celebrate  it in a very special manner. They send greeting cards to the people they love.  Such cards are called ,,Valentines”. They ask their sweethearts to  ,,Be My Valentine!”. This means  ,,be my friend or love”. Pupils also decorate their  Classrooms with big red hearts and give red roses and chocolate to their Sweethearts ,  friends and family.
In Russia February 14 is St.Valentine’s Day too. It is a day for choosing Sweethearts and exchanging love-tokens. Young people send gifts and hand-made valentines, give playthings to their sweethearts. Now thousands of ready-made Valentines are sent throught the post every year. They are complete with ready-made sentiments and decorations, brightly coloured and gilded, and sometimes perfumed and picked into a neat box.
Answer the questions:
1.What holidays do you know?
2.When is St. Valentine’s Day marked?
3.What are valentine cards?
4.How is St. Valentine’s Day celebrated?
Translate into English:
1.День святого Валентина, святого влюблённых, отмечается 14 февраля.
2.В День святого Валентина, друга и покровителя влюблённых, люди обмениваются символами любви.
3.Самодельные валентинки содержали стишок о любви, написанный её автором.
4.Готовые валентинки содержат готовые пожелания и украшения, часто ароматизированы.
Happy Valentine’s Day
Will you be my Valentine ?
From your Valentine
Be my friend or love
,, Let Me Call You Sweetheart”
                     1.Let me call you  sweetheart,                         I’m in love with you.                         Let me hear you whisper                         That you love me too.                       2. Keep the lovelight glowing                          In your eyes so true.                          Let me call you sweetheart,                          I’m in love with you.
Источники
http://edu.ru/modules.php?op=modload&name=Web_Links&file=index&l_op=viewlink&cid=314
http://www.rambler.ru/srch?set=www&words=St.+Valentine%27s+Day&btnG=%CD%E0%E9%F2%E8%21
http://www.yandex.ru/yandsearch?stype=www&nl=0&text=St.Valentine%27s+Day
http://images.yandex.ru/yandsearch?rpt=image&text=St.Valentine's%20Day


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Canada

extracted_text:
Canada
Вy the student of grade 7
Burtseva Katya
Policy
Capital of Canada - Ottawa.
Technologically advanced and industrialized countries
Canada - an independent federal state, which is part of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
The shape control is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the British Queen.
The real power in the political and economic life of the country belongs to the Parliament
The English tradition is formed and the Government of Canada. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party that receives the most votes in parliamentary elections.

Political Map of Canada
Flag of Canada
Attractions Canada
Canada is unique for its rich unique nature.
In Canada there are many nature reserves
and national parks.
Cultural centers
Queen of Canada
Reigning monarch of Britain Elizabeth II.
He is also head of the Anglican Church and the supreme commander of the armed forces of the United Kingdom.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton

extracted_text:
Wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton

Prince William
Catherine Middleton
How it all began
Wedding
William’s wedding suit
Kate’s wedding dress
Guests
Cost
Wedding ring
Thank you for attention!


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект School days

extracted_text:
Useful games
“School days”
Spotlight 3
Автор : Благинина Екатерина Александровна,
учитель английского языка
МКОУ «СОШ № 10»
г. Магнитогорска
2014
Word snake
Schoolrupencilme
bolschoolbaglmtbooktry
rulerpanrarubberbokspencilcase

«Шпионы»
Teacher: I spy with my little eye something beginning with b.
Student: bag.
«Лесенка».
P1: History
P2: History and Art.
P3: History, Art and Maths.
P4: ……………………………………………..
«Подбери рифму»

Pen           bag
school      book
boy           desk
       History

Что пропало?

Find 10 words.

Guess «Угадай»
	Ученик загадывает картинку, а учащиеся пытаются угадать задуманное слово.
   P 1: Guess what I’ve got.
   P2: Is it a pen?
   P 1: No, it isn’t.
   P 3: Is it a ruler?
   P 1: Yes, it is.

       "Find the word"

pobookrkll
lkxnopeney
bruleruuert
lkrubberop

 gttpencilff
dkcaseillpz
gobaggsdflk
byeghjdesk

		Hello,
   My name is Kate. I’m nine. I’m in Year three at school. I like English and Maths, but my favourite subject is Music.
   What about you?
   Kate

Read the letter.
“Cinquain"
Название
Описание
Действие
Чувство  (фраза)
Повторение сути
School days
Happy and funny
Let’ s sing and play
My favourite subject is Art!
School is fun!
Разделитель http://newsoftek.at.ua/_pu/0/10295479.gif
Интернет-ресурсы:
источник шаблона:
Фокина Лидия Петровна
учитель начальных классов
МКОУ «СОШ ст. Евсино»
Искитимского района
Новосибирской области

Картинки
http://blog.careesma.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/letter.png
http://img15.nnm.me/7/d/7/9/d/c86301f592a91bd1f05b1a00688.jpg
http://s3.pic4you.ru/allimage/y2013/10-24/12216/3925148.png
http://by-anna.com/publ/nuzhnye_veshhi/shkolnyj_klipart/188
http://pic4you.ru/12216/3925156/школа
http://pic4you.ru/12216/3925161/1/
http://pic4you.ru/12216/3925150/школа


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Страдательный залог

extracted_text:
The Passive Voice (страдательный залог)подлежащее не само выполняет действиеto be + Vз (V₁ + ed)
Present:    am, is, are + V₃
Past:          was, were + V₃
Future:     shall/will be + V₃

               ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗  ______  ‗‗‗‗‗

        ?       ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗  ______  ‗‗‗‗‗ _ _ _ _ _ ?

всп.гл.
not
V₃
_
всп.гл.
V₃
подл.

The Passive Voicein Simple Tensesto be + Vз
Present Simple Passive
Past Simple Passive
Future Simple Passive
Exercise 1.  Fill in the verb is or are.

1. Grammar rules ... always learnt by heart.
2. Rare animals ... protected in many countries.
3. This scarf ... made by my granny.
4. Animals in the reserve ... fed two times a day.
5. The same shirts ... worn by the members of our team.
6. New Russian books ... shown in our library
7. Many Russian towns ... described in this book.
8. Dinner ... always cooked by my mother.
9. This place ... crowded on Sunday.
10. Our village ... surrounded with a forest.

Exercise 2.   Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
     1. Marmalade is made of oranges. 2. This town was built a century ago. 3. They were invited to a birthday party. 4. The fax was sent yesterday. 5. America was discovered long ago. 6. The book is published. 7. My friend’s car was stolen last night. 8. His winter boots were made in Germany. 9. The building was ruined by the earthquake. 10. Italian is spoken in Italy and on Malta.
Exercise 3.   Translate the verbs into English
 1. A lot of houses (построено) in London and other towns.
2.When (было написано) this letter?
3. The letter (было написано) 2 days ago.
4. Whom (будет переведена) this article into English by?
5. The article (переведена) yesterday.
6. This question (задают) every day.
7. The students (пригласят) to the concert.
8. The work (закончена) by him quickly.
9. A new stadium in N.N (был построен) last year.
10. The little boy (смотрели) with interest by the people.
 Exercise 4.  Write true sentences in Passive Voice.
Exercise 5.  Write true sentences in Passive Voice.
     Exercise 6.      Choose the correct form of the verb                                       to complete the sentences.
I ... (like / am liked) this place.
What books by Charles Dickens ... (translated / are translated) into Russian?
Who ... (protects / is protected) animals?
This city ... (is visited / visited) by many people.
Who ... (gives / is given) bad marks in your class?
Our house ... (made /is made) of wood.
Our holiday ... (is begun / begins) next week.
Pupils ... (are given / give) books by the teacher.
The holiday...(celebrated/is celebrated) this year.

Exercise 7.  Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice

  Mushroom and Ham Salad
     First, 5 mushrooms … (1 – cut) into small pieces and …(2 — mix) with two cut spring onions. Then, 100 g cooked ham …(3— cut) into fine cubes. Now, mushrooms, onions and ham … (4 — mix) in a bowl. Finally, 2 tablespoons of lemon juice … (5 — mix) with 1 tablespoon of soy sauce and the mixture… (6 — add) to the salad mixture. Enjoy your salad!

Exercise 8. Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice
   The news reporter and a camera operator _______ (1 – send) to investigate a news story. People_____ (2 – interview) by a reporter and the interviews ______ (3 – film) by a camera operator. The film ____ (4 – take) back to the TV studio, and the best parts of the film _______ (5 – choose) by the news editor. Finally, the news report ______ (6 – send) to televisions in people's homes and the news _____ (7 – watch) by people all over the country.

Exercise 9.   Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice
       My motherland is the Republic of Belarus.
   My country (1 – situate) in the centre of Europe.
   It (2 – make up) of six regions: Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev.
   Belarus (3 – not wash) by any seas or oceans,
   so it (4 – not separate) from other countries by seas and oceans.
   Belarus (5 – border) by five countries.
   Belarus is mostly flat (плоская). Some uplands can (6 – find) near Minsk and in some districts of Mogilev and Grodno regions. Most of Belarus (7 – cover) by forests. It is a beautiful country with a lot of lakes.

Exercise 10.  Respond to the situations with a negative sentence
Cars are made at this factory, (bicycles)
                              But bicycles are not made at this factory.
1. Bread is sold in this shop, (milk)
2. Our house is built of wood, (their house)
3. My books are kept on the shelf, (exercise-books )
4. My younger sister is usually given fruit and milk for supper, (my elder brother)
5. Apples are grown in Belarus, (oranges)
6. Glass is made of sand, (paper)
7. My dresses are made by my mother, (jackets)
8. Films are watched by many people, (sports programmes)
9. This apple-tree is planted by me, (that cherry-tree)
10. All the words are always learnt by the pupils, (rules)

Exercise 11.  Answer the questions in Simple Present Passive.
 Is football played in the yard?
— Yes, it is. It’s sometimes played in the yard.
— No, it isn’t. It’s usually played in the field.
Is it played by boys or by girls?
— It’s played by boys as a rule.
1. Are you always given good marks?
2. Is your friend also given good marks?
3. Is your homework always done in time?
4. Are you often given money by your parents?
5. Is chess played by two or three people?
6. Are you often punished at home?
7. Are trees planted in summer or in autumn?
8. Are you shown videos at your English lessons?
9. Are your copy-books collected at the beginning
        or at the end of the lesson?

Exercise 12.  Ask for more information about the sentences
 The children are left after the lessons.(why,how often)
— Why are the children left after the lessons?
—How often are the children left after the lessons?

The game is won by our school team, (what game)
The map is brought from England, (when)
My books are not kept on the shelf, (why)
School meetings are held every month, (where)
The glass is filled with something, (what)
Hockey is usually played by boys, (when)
Oranges are not grown in Russia, (why)
The dinner is not yet served, (why)
New rules are explained at the lesson, (by whom)
Exercise 13.  Answer the questions

Do many tourists come to Britain? (is visited )
Where is the ‘garden of England? (is situated)
Does it snow in the mountains of Wales? (are covered with)
What language do people in Scotland speak? (is spoken)
Are there many seas around the country?
    (is surrounded by / is washed by)
6. Do they make world-famous crafts and clothes in Scotland? (are made)
7. Do many people know about the beautiful mountains and lakes of Wales? (are known all over the world)
8. Why is the green colour a symbol of Northern Ireland?
    (is covered)
Exercise 14. Make up questions in Simple Present Passive.
Exercise 15.  Write questions to the sentences
1. The park is situated in the centre of the city.
     (what, where)
2.  The statue is made by a famous sculptor. (disjunctive)
3. Demonstrations are held in this square.
    (what, where)
4. The square is planned round the monument. (general)
5. The obelisk is decorated with figures. (how)
6. The tent is put up on a rock. (alternative)

Exercise 16.  Change the sentences from Active into Passive.

Do they sell shoes in this shop?
Do they bring tea from India?
Do they teach English at your school?
Do they make bicycles at this factory?
Do they pay him a lot of money?
Where do they sell bananas?

Exercise 17.  Translate into English.

Слова написаны на доске.
Эта книга продается во всех магазинах.
Ему часто отправляют письма?
Когда приносят газеты?
Этот парк всегда показывают туристам.
Завтрак не дают в нашей школе.
Эти тексты не учат наизусть.


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Формы глаголов

extracted_text:
ENGLISH
Электронное учебное пособие по английскому языку
для учащихся средних общеобразовательных учреждений

Автор: Пасишниченко В. А.
п. Белоярск
pptcloud.ru
Cодержание
Курс для начинающих
Лексика
Грамматика(видо-временные формы)
Устные темы
Тесты и контрольные задания
Кроссворды
Ребусы
Поле чудес

Тесты
Тест 6
Тест 8
Тест 9
Тест 5
Тест 4
Тест 7
Тест 2
Тест 3
Тест 1

 ENGLISH FOR BEGINNERS
Английский для начинающих

 Алфавит
 Цифры
 Цвета
 Времена года
 Месяцы

Алфавит(learn)

Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii
Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr
Ss  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
Анимированный алфавит
1
Цифры
1 one         11 eleven         21 twenty-one    341 three hundred and
2 two         12 twelve         22 twenty-two                                   forty-one
3 three       13 thirteen       30 thirty
4 four        14 fourteen      40 forty               1,000 a thousand
5 five        15 fifteen          50 fifty                1,000,000 a million
6 six          16 sixteen        60 sixty                3,657 three thousand
7 seven     17 seventeen    70 seventy             six hundred and fifty-seven
8 eight      18 eighteen      80 eighty
9 nine       19 nineteen      90 ninety
10 ten       20 twenty         100 a hundred

2
Цвета
red                      purple
green                  white (белый)
black                   grey   (серый)
blue                     orange
brown                  уellow

3
Времена года

Spring  Весна
Summer Лето
Autumn Осень
Winter Зима
4
Месяцы
January    январь        July               июль
February  февраль      August          август
March       март          September    сентябрь
April         апрель        October        октябрь
May          май             November     ноябрь
June          июнь           December     декабрь

5
Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football. (V,V-s)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has played football.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has + Ved, V3)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has + Ved, V3)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He will have been playing for
20 minutes at 5 tomorrow.
(will have been + Ving)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He will have been playing for
20 minutes at 5 tomorrow.
(will have been + Ving)
He played football yesterday.
(V3,V-ed)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He will have been playing for
20 minutes at 5 tomorrow.
(will have been + Ving)
He played football yesterday.
(V3,V-ed)
He was playing yesterday
at 1 o’clock.
(was, were + Ving)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
They had finished the
work by 2.03 p.m.
yesterday.
(had + Ved, V3)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He will have been playing for
20 minutes at 5 tomorrow.
(will have been + Ving)
He played football yesterday.
(V3,V-ed)
He was playing yesterday
at 1 o’clock.
(was, were + Ving)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)

Схема видо-временных форм глагола

Past
Present
Future
He plays football.
(V,V-s)
He is playing.
(am, is, are + Ving)
They had finished the
work by 2.03 p.m.
yesterday.
(had + Ved, V3)
He has been playing for
20 minutes.
(have, has been + Ving)
April, 10
April, 11
April, 9
He will play football tomorrow.
(will + V)
He will be playing tomorrow
at 3 o’clock.
(will be + Ving)
He will have played football
tomorrow by 5 o’clock.
(will have + Ved, V3)
He will have been playing for
20 minutes at 5 tomorrow.
(will have been + Ving)
He played football yesterday.
(V3,V-ed)
He was playing yesterday
at 1 o’clock.
(was, were + Ving)
He has played.
(have, has + Ved, V3)
He had been playing for
20 minutes at 1.20 yesterday.
(had  been + Ving)


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Present Simple Tense

extracted_text:
The Present Simple Tense
Настоящее неопределённое время
Tregubenko N.V.
2
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
а) Утвердительные формы:
Утвердительные формы Present Simple представляют собой основную форму глагола (Basic verb form) за единственным исключением: в 3-ем лице ед. числа к основной форме глагола прибавляется окончание -s.
Tregubenko N.V.
3
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
Present
 Simple
Simple
Tenses
Present
 Simple

The Infinitive

Tregubenko N.V.
4
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕPRESENT SIMPLE
stand
stand
s

What
 I  promise
 I  do   .
What
 he promis es
 he do es .

Tregubenko N.V.
5
Spelling: "-s" and "-es"
1) Если основа слова оканчивается на шипящий или свистящий согласный звук (-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -tch, -x, -z, -zz), то перед окончанием -s вставляется гласная -e-.
основа глагола + окончание 3-го лица ед.ч. в форме Present Simple
        pass — passes
        push — pushes
        touch — touches

2) -e- перед -s вставляется также в некоторых словах, оканчивающихся на -o, а именно:
в форме 3-го лица ед.ч. Present Simple глаголов do и go:
        he goes
        she does
Tregubenko N.V.
6
Spelling: "y" and "i" after consonants
1) -y после согласной переходит в -ie- перед окончанием -s.
основа глагола + окончание в 1-ом лице ед.ч. времени Present Simple
          try — tries
          cry — cries
          fly — flies
2) -y после гласной не переходит в -i- или -ie-.
          play — plays
Tregubenko N.V.
7
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
б) Общий вопрос:
При построении общего вопроса используется вспомогательный глагол ‘to do’ в настоящем времени, который ставится перед подлежащим (Subject), а за подлежащим следует смысловой глагол в 1-ой форме.
?
?
Tregubenko N.V.
8
I
like
coffee.
like
coffee
you
?

Do
?

ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
PRESENT SIMPLE
?
Tregubenko N.V.
9
go
go
I
to school.

you
to school
?
?

Tregubenko N.V.
10

лицо единственного числа
es
go
He
to work.
go
he

es

?
?

3-е
to work
Tregubenko N.V.
11
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
б) Специальный вопрос:
Специальный вопрос начинается с вопросительного слова, после которого ставится вспомогательный глагол ‘to do’ в настоящем времени, а затем подлежащее (Subject) и смысловой глагол в 1-ой форме.
?
?
Tregubenko N.V.
12
Special Questions
When

S
do

V

Wh
?
( .  .  . )
Вопросительное
слово
Вспомогательный
глагол
Подлежащее
Смысловой
глагол
Второстепенные
члены предл.
do
you
have
lunch?

does
does
he
Tregubenko N.V.
13
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
в) Отрицательные формы:
   Отрицательные предложения образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола do в настоящем времени, за которым следуют отрицательная частица not/n't и смысловой глагол в 1-ой форме.

-
-
Tregubenko N.V.
14

ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
-
-
do
does
+
V

not
n't
Tregubenko N.V.
15
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
в) Отрицательные формы:
-
-
I do not see anything.
Tregubenko N.V.
16
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
в) Отрицательные формы:
-
-
I do not hear anything.
Tregubenko N.V.
17
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
в) Отрицательные формы:
-
-
I do not say anything to anybody.
Tregubenko N.V.
18
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
а) Present Simple используется при рассказе о событиях, которые происходят регулярно, а также при описании ситуаций, которые имеют место вообще, а не только в настоящий период времени.

Tregubenko N.V.
19
Слова-индикаторы
always
never
seldom
often
usually
every day
sometimes
всегда
никогда
редко
часто
обычно
каждый день
иногда
Используется для выражения обычного повторяющегося действия
Tregubenko N.V.
20
Girls usually wear dresses.
They sometimes wear trousers.
Boys never wear dresses.
Tregubenko N.V.
21

Translate into English:
«Он часто ловит большую рыбу.»
“He often catches big fish.”
«По воскресеньям я редко встаю до 10 часов.»
“On Sundays I seldom get up before 10 o’clock.”
Tregubenko N.V.
22
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
б) Present Simple используется, чтобы выразить постоянное действие или состояние.

“Do you live in the country?”

«Вы живёте в деревне?» (постоянно)
Tregubenko N.V.
23
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
б) Present Simple используется, чтобы выразить общепринятую истину.

A magnet attracts iron.

Tregubenko N.V.
24
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE
в) Present Simple используется, чтобы выразить действие в будущем, главным образом, с глаголами движения.
Например:

to go        to come   to arrive    to leave     to start    to return
Tregubenko N.V.
25

Translate into Russian:
“Tomorrow I go on holiday.”
“Завтра я еду в отпуск.”
“By the way, the train leaves at 10 o’clock.”
“Между прочим, поезд отправляется в 10 часов.”
Tregubenko N.V.
26
Мы познакомились справилами:
образования
   The Present Simple Tense;
(do / does)
употребления
   The Present Simple Tense


title: Скачать презентацию или конспект Артикли в английском

extracted_text:
ARTICLES
Автор:
Козлова Марина Михайловна
учитель английского языка
МБОУ «Икрянинская СОШ»
с. Икряное Астраханская обл.
2013 год
THE DEFINITE ARTICLEОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ
  Определенный артикль «the» произошел от указательного местоимения «this – этот» и может определять исчисляемые и неисчисляемые существительные как в единственном, так и во множественном числе.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ ИМЕЕТ ДВА ВАРИАНТА ПРОИЗНОШЕНИЯ:
[ðə]
[ði]

Если за ним следует слово, начинающееся с согласного звука
Если за ним следует слово, начинающееся с гласного звука
the theatre
театр
the apple
яблоко
ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ ОБЫЧНО УПОТРЕБЛЯЕТСЯ В СЛЕДУЮЩИХ СЛУЧАЯХ:
Если о существительном уже упоминалось или из контекста ясно, о каком предмете (или лице) идет речь:
This is a map. The map is large.Это-карта. Карта (о которой упоминалось в первом предложении) большая.
My children are in the village.Мои дети в деревне (собеседникам известно, о какой деревне идет речь).

Если существительное является единственным в своем роде или в данной ситуации:
"The Red Book of the USSR" was published in 1978."Красная книга СССР" была опубликована в 1978 году.

Если существительное определяется порядковым числительным или прилагательным в превосходной степени:
The first wealth is health.Здоровье - первое богатство.

Если существительное имеет определение ограничивающего характера, отвечающее на вопросы какой?, чей?, который?, которое может быть выражено либо существительным с предлогом, либо придаточным определительным предложением, либо причастным оборотом:
People who have a sense of humour usually have the power of sympathy strongly developed.Люди, обладающие чувством юмора,  обычно обладают сильно развитым  чувством сопереживания.

Перед существительными, обозначающими вещество, если речь идет об определенном количестве этого вещества, что иногда можно видеть из контекста:
 Pass the milk, please. Передай, пожалуйста, молоко.
The water in the glass is very cold.Вода в стакане очень холодная.

Перед существительными, обозначающими части суток:
 I get up at seven in the morning.Я встаю в семь утра.

Перед фамилиями, употребленными во множественном числе для обозначения членов одной и той же семьи:
 Не used to come to the Simonovs on Sundays.По воскресеньям он обычно приходил к Симоновым.

Перед названиями театров, кинотеатров, музеев, картинных галерей, гостиниц, кораблей, газет, журналов и т.п.:
 The British Museum was founded in 1753.Британский музей был основан в 1753 году.
The Kremlin Palace of Congresses near the Troitsky gates was opened on October 17, 1961.Кремлевский Дворец съездов около Троицких ворот открылся 17 октября 1961 года.

Перед названиями рек, морей, океанов, горных цепей, частей света:
 Have you ever been to the Black Sea shore?Вы когда-нибудь были на побережье Черного моря?
The Urals divide the territory of Russia into European and Asian parts.Уральские горы делят территорию России на европейскую и азиатскую части.
The Volga is the longest river in Europe. Волга-самая длинная река в Европе.

Перед названиями грамматических категорий (времени, наклонения, залога, падежа и т. п.):
 Some verbs in the Russian language are never used in the Passive Voice.В русском языке некоторые глаголы никогда не употребляются в страдательном залоге.

Перед названиями народов, национальностей:
 When at Rome, do as the Romans do.Когда находишься в Риме, поступай, как поступают римляне.

Перед следующими названиями стран, местностей и городов: the Ukraine – Украина, the Crimea – Крым,the Caucasus – Кавказ, the Congo – Конго,the Netherlands – Нидерланды,the Hague – Гаага, the Lebanon - Ливан
l like the sunny Crimea. Я люблю солнечный Крым.

Перед географическими названиями, представляю-щими собой сочетание нарицательного существительного с предшествующим определяемым словом:
 the United States - Соединенные Штаты
the English Channel - Английский канал (Ла-Манш)

THE INDEFINITE ARTICLEНЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ
 Неопределенный артикль «а» произошёл от числительного «one – один», поэтому может определять только исчисляемые существительные единственного числа.
НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ ИМЕЕТ ДВЕ ФОРМЫ:
a
an

Если за ним следует слово, начинающееся с согласного звука
Если за ним следует слово, начинающееся с гласного звука
a book - книгаa flag - флаг

an army - армияan hour's walk - часовая прогулка

НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ ОБЫЧНО УПОТРЕБЛЯЕТСЯ В СЛЕДУЮЩИХ СЛУЧАЯХ:
Если о предмете (или лице) упоминается впервые и он не известен собеседнику:
 A boy is standing at the window.              У окна стоит мальчик (какой-то неизвестный мальчик).

Если предмет (или лицо) рассматривается как один из многих таких же, на что чаще всего указывает определение:
 My elder brother lives in a big city.    Мой старший брат живет в большом городе (в одном из многих больших городов).

Если о предмете (или лице) говорится как о представителе всего класса:
 A cadet is a student of a military school. Курсант - это учащийся военного училища (любой курсант).

Если существительное является именной частью составного именного сказуемого:
 My friend's father is a worker and my father is an officer.                                 Отец моего друга - рабочий, а мой отец – офицер.
После слов rather, quite, such, what (в восклицательных предложениях) и после оборота there + to be, стоящих перед исчисляемыми существительными:
 She was such a good student!Она была такой хорошей студенткой!
There is a forest near our village. Около нашей деревни есть лес.

В словосочетаниях once a day (week, month, year), at a time, in a minute, not a word, когда неопределенный артикль по своему значению соответствует числительному one один:
I'll be back in a minute.Я вернусь через (одну) минуту.
She uttered not a word.Она не произнесла ни (одного) слова.

В словосочетаниях a great deal (of), a number (of), a great many, a little, a few и др., а также в словосочетаниях to be at a loss, to be in a hurry, as a rule, it's a shame, it's a pity, to have a walk, to have a smoke и др.:
Let's have a rest!Давайте отдохнем!
It's a pity I was not present at your lecture. Жаль, что я не присутствовал на вашей лекции.
АРТИКЛЬ НЕ УПОТРЕБЛЯЕТСЯ, В ОСНОВНОМ, В СЛЕДУЮЩИХ СЛУЧАЯХ:
Перед существительными неисчисляемыми, обозначающими абстрактные понятия:
Не likes music.Он любит музыку.
Перед существительными неисчисляемыми, обозначающими вещество, массу, если не указывается количество этого вещества:
I prefer hot and strong coffee to tea.Я предпочитаю горячий и крепкий кофе чаю.
Перед существительными во множественном числе, если в подобном случае в единственном числе перед ними употребляется неопределенный артикль:
There is a book on the table.       На столе (есть) книга.
There are books on the table.      На столе (есть) книги.
Перед существительными, определяемыми количественным числительным, притяжательнымили указательным местоимением или словами North(ern), South(ern), West(ern), а иногда словами last, next:
This work must be done today.Эта работа должна быть сделана сегодня.
Our messroom is on the second floor. Наша столовая на третьем этаже.
Перед существительными, являющимися именной частью сказуемого, обозначающими должность, единственную в данной обстановке:
After graduating from the Poltava Teachers Institute A. S. Makarenko was appointed director of the school for orphans.Когда А. С. Макаренко окончил Полтавский педагогический институт, его назначили директором школы для детей-сирот.
Перед названиями стран, континентов, городов, улиц, гор, островов, озер и т. д., а также перед именами и фамилиями:
I lived in Gorky Street in Moscow.Я жил на улице Горького в Москве.
Elbrus is the highest mountain in the Caucasus. Эльбрус-самая высокая гора на Кавказе.
Перед названиями времен года, месяцев, дней недели:
Usually students have no classes in summer.У студентов летом обычно не бывает занятий.

Перед существительными dinner, breakfast, supper, tea, day, night, evening, morning, school, college, hospital и др., когда они имеют абстрактное значение:
My son goes to school.Мой сын учится в школе.
Dinner is always ready at two. Обед всегда готов в два часа.