For centuries, the Loire river was a vital highway between the Atlantic and the heart of France.
( ( For centuries ) ( , ( ( the ( Loire river ) ) ( ( was ( ( ( ( a ( vital highway ) ) ( between ( the Atlantic ) ) ) and ) ( ( the heart ) ( of France ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) )
(ROOT (S (PP (IN For) (NP (NNS centuries))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NNP Loire) (NN river)) (VP (VBD was) (NP (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ vital) (NN highway)) (PP (IN between) (NP (DT the) (NNP Atlantic)))) (CC and) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN heart)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP France)))))) (. .)))
The Loire is a new river, having only been discovered last year.
( ( The Loire ) ( ( ( ( is ( a ( new river ) ) ) , ) ( ( having only ) ( been ( discovered ( last year ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NNP Loire)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (DT a) (JJ new) (NN river)) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG having) (ADVP (RB only)) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN discovered) (NP (JJ last) (NN year))))))) (. .)))