John Panzar has characterized street delivery as a bottleneck function because a single firm can deliver to a recipient at a lower total cost than multiple firms delivering to the same customer.
( ( John Panzar ) ( ( has ( ( characterized ( street delivery ) ) ( as ( ( a bottleneck ) ( function ( because ( ( a ( single firm ) ) ( can ( ( deliver ( to ( a recipient ) ) ) ( at ( ( a ( lower ( total cost ) ) ) ( than ( ( multiple firms ) ( delivering ( to ( the ( same customer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP John) (NNP Panzar)) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN characterized) (NP (NN street) (NN delivery)) (SBAR (IN as) (S (NP (DT a) (NN bottleneck)) (VP (VBP function) (SBAR (IN because) (S (NP (DT a) (JJ single) (NN firm)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB deliver) (PP (TO to) (NP (DT a) (JJ recipient))) (PP (IN at) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJR lower) (JJ total) (NN cost)) (PP (IN than) (NP (NP (JJ multiple) (NNS firms)) (VP (VBG delivering) (PP (TO to) (NP (DT the) (JJ same) (NN customer))))))))))))))))) (. .)))
There are no cost differences, according to John Panzar, between one or multiple firms delivering to a customer.
( There ( ( ( ( are ( no ( cost differences ) ) ) , ) ( according ( to ( ( ( John Panzar ) , ) ( between ( ( one or ) ( ( multiple firms ) ( delivering ( to ( a customer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (EX There)) (VP (VBP are) (NP (DT no) (NN cost) (NNS differences)) (, ,) (PP (VBG according) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (NNP John) (NNP Panzar)) (, ,) (PP (IN between) (NP (NP (CD one)) (CC or) (NP (NP (JJ multiple) (NNS firms)) (VP (VBG delivering) (PP (TO to) (NP (DT a) (NN customer))))))))))) (. .)))