They can be grouped into the following categories:

Unconjugated
Hemolytic
Intrinsic causes of hemolysis
Membrane conditions
Spherocytosis
Hereditary elliptocytosis
Enzyme conditions
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (also called G6PD deficiency)
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Globin synthesis defect
sickle cell disease
Alpha-thalassemia, e.g. HbH disease

Extrinsic causes of hemolysis
Systemic conditions
Sepsis
Arteriovenous malformation
Alloimmunity (The neonatal or cord blood gives a positive direct Coombs test and the maternal blood gives a positive indirect Coombs test)
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO)
Rh disease
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell)
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Rhc)
Other blood type mismatches causing hemolytic disease of the newborn

Non-hemolytic causes
Breastfeeding jaundice
Breast milk jaundice
Cephalohematoma
Polycythemia
Urinary tract infection
Sepsis
Hypothyroidism
Gilberts syndrome
Crigler–Najjar syndrome
High GI obstruction (Pyloric stenosis, Bowel obstruction)

Conjugated (Direct)
Liver causes
Infections
Sepsis
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
TORCH infections
Metabolic
Galactosemia
Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, which is commonly missed, and must be considered in DDx
Cystic fibrosis
Dubin–Johnson syndrome
Rotor syndrome
Drugs
Total parenteral nutrition
Idiopathic

Post-liver
Biliary atresia or bile duct obstruction
Alagille syndrome
Choledochal cyst

Non-organic causes
Breastfeeding jaundice
"Breastfeeding jaundice" (or "lack of breastfeeding jaundice") is caused by insufficient breast milk intake, resulting in inadequate quantities of bowel movements to remove bilirubin from the body. This leads to increased enterohepatic circulation, resulting in increased reabsorption of bilirubin from the intestines. Usually occurring in the first week of life, most cases can be ameliorated by frequent breastfeeding sessions of sufficient duration to stimulate adequate milk production. Breast milk jaundice
Whereas breastfeeding jaundice is a mechanical problem, breast milk jaundice is a biochemical occurrence and the higher bilirubin possibly acts as an antioxidant. Breast milk jaundice occurs later in the newborn period, with the bilirubin level usually peaking in the sixth to 14th days of life. This late-onset jaundice may develop in up to one third of healthy breastfed infants.
However, any newborn with a total serum bilirubin greater than 359 μmol/L ( 21 mg/dL) should receive phototherapy. Phototherapy
Babies with neonatal jaundice may be treated with colored light called phototherapy, which works by changing trans-bilirubin into the water-soluble cis-bilirubin isomer. : 2533 The phototherapy involved is not ultraviolet light therapy but rather a specific frequency of blue light. The light can be applied with overhead lamps, which means that the babys eyes need to be covered, or with a device called a biliblanket, which sits under the babys clothing close to its skin.The use of phototherapy was first discovered, accidentally, at Rochford Hospital in Essex, England, when a nurse, Sister Jean Ward, noticed that babies exposed to sunlight had reduced jaundice, and a pathologist, Dr. Perryman, who noticed that a vial of blood left in the sun had turned green. Drs Cremer, Richards and Dobbs put together these observations, leading to a landmark randomized clinical trial which was published in Pediatrics in 1968; it took another ten years for the practice to become established. Massage therapy could be useful in addition to phototherapy in order to reduce the phototherapy duration. However, it does not appear to reduce the requirement for phototherapy in the treatment of neonatal jaundice.Recent studies from several countries show that phototherapy can safely and effectively be performed in the families home and since 2022 home phototherapy is recommended as an option to readmission to hospital in the american national guidelines.