Diagnostic
Graves ophthalmopathy is diagnosed clinically by the presenting ocular signs and symptoms, but positive tests for antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin, anti-microsomal and anti-thyrotropin receptor) and abnormalities in thyroid hormones level (T3, T4, and TSH) help in supporting the diagnosis.Orbital imaging is an interesting tool for the diagnosis of Graves ophthalmopathy and is useful in monitoring patients for progression of the disease. It is, however, not warranted when the diagnosis can be established clinically. Ultrasonography may detect early Graves orbitopathy in patients without clinical orbital findings. It is less reliable than the CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), however, to assess the extraocular muscle involvement at the orbital apex, which may lead to blindness. Thus, CT scan or MRI is necessary when optic nerve involvement is suspected. On neuroimaging, the most characteristic findings are thick extraocular muscles with tendon sparing, usually bilateral, and proptosis. Classification
Mnemonic: "NO SPECS":

Prevention
Not smoking is a common suggestion in the literature. Apart from smoking cessation, there is little definitive research in this area. In addition to the selenium studies above, some recent research also is suggestive that statin use may assist. Treatment
Even though some people undergo spontaneous remission of symptoms within a year, many need treatment. The first step is the regulation of thyroid hormone levels. Topical lubrication of the eye is used to avoid corneal damage caused by exposure. Corticosteroids are efficient in reducing orbital inflammation, but the benefits cease after discontinuation. Corticosteroids treatment is also limited because of their many side effects. Radiotherapy is an alternative option to reduce acute orbital inflammation.
Trimester or Trimestre may refer to:

Academic term, a trimester system divides the academic year into three terms
Pregnancy § Trimesters in humans, where the time of pregnancy is divided into three terms of 13 weeks to refer to the fetuss development
The trimester framework in Roe v. Wade, which organized constitutional issues in abortion law according to trimesters
A period of three months (Latin tri +mensis=month or moon) In Europe, where financial years start on 1 January each year, often Jan+Feb+Mar etc. See also
Semester
Term (disambiguation)