The primary treatments of choice are:
Itraconazole, an antifungal azole, is given orally, with or without flucytosine. Alternatively, cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen has also been shown to be effective.Other treatment options are the antifungal drug terbinafine, another antifungal azole posaconazole, and heat therapy. Antibiotics may be used to treat bacterial superinfections.Amphotericin B has also been used.Photodynamic therapy is a newer type of therapy used to treat Chromblastomycosis. Prognosis
The prognosis for chromoblastomycosis is very good for small lesions. Severe cases are difficult to cure, although the prognosis is still quite good. The primary complications are ulceration, lymphedema, and secondary bacterial infection. A few cases of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma have been reported. Chromoblastomycosis is very rarely fatal. Epidemiology
Chromoblastomycosis occurs around the world, most commonly in rural areas in tropical or subtropical climates.It is most common in rural areas between approximately 30°N and 30°S latitude. Over two-thirds of patients are male, and usually between the ages of 30 and 50. A correlation with HLA-A29 suggests genetic factors may play a role, as well. Social and cultural
Chromoblastomycosis is considered a neglected tropical disease, affects mainly people living in poverty, and causes considerable morbidity, stigma and discrimination. See also
List of cutaneous conditions

References


== External links ==
Tongue-tie, tongue tied or tongue-tied can refer to:

ankyloglossia, a medical condition in which the lingual frenulum (a membrane that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth) is unusually short, causing restricted movement of the tongue.Other uses include:

Literature
Tongue-Tied, a 1997 novel by Liselotte Marshall
Tongue-Tied (short story collection), a 2002 collection of short stories by Paul Jennings
"Tongue-Tied" a short story included in the collection
Tongue-Tied: How a Tiny String Under the Tongue Impacts Nursing, Speech, Feeding, and More, a 2018 non-fiction book by Dr. Richard Baxter

Music
Tongue Tied (Red Dwarf song), a song by Danny John-Jules in character as the Cat which was featured in the Red Dwarf episode "Parallel Universe" in 1988
"Tongue Tied" (Boom Crash Opera song), 1995
"Tongue-Tied", a song by Earshot from their 2004 album Two
"Tongue Tied" (Eve 6 song), a single from their 1998 album, Eve 6
"Tongue Tied" (Faber Drive song), 2007
"Tongue Tied" (Grouplove song), 2011
"Tongue Tied" (Marshmello, Yungblud and Blackbear song), 2019
"Tongue Tied", a song by Status Quo from their 2007 album In Search of the Fourth Chord

Other uses
Tongue-tie (tack), a piece of equipment sometimes used on racehorses
"Tongue-Tied" (Orange Is the New Black), a 2015 television episode
Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied, a 2014 short film starring Miley Cyrus