Catatonia is diagnosed by the presence of three or more of the following 12 psychomotor symptoms in association with a mental disorder, medical condition, or unspecified:

stupor: no psycho-motor activity; not actively relating to the environment
catalepsy: passive induction of a posture held against gravity
waxy flexibility: allowing positioning by an examiner and maintaining that position
mutism: no, or very little, verbal response (exclude if known aphasia)
negativism: opposition or no response to instructions or external stimuli
posturing: spontaneous and active maintenance of a posture against gravity
mannerisms that are odd, circumstantial caricatures of normal actions
stereotypy: repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal-directed movements
agitation, not influenced by external stimuli
grimacing: keeping a fixed facial expression
echolalia: mimicking anothers speech
echopraxia: mimicking anothers movements.Other disorders (additional code 293.89 [F06.1] to indicate the presence of the co-morbid catatonia):

Catatonia associated with autism spectrum disorder
Catatonia associated with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Catatonia associated with brief psychotic disorder
Catatonia associated with schizophreniform disorder
Catatonia associated with schizoaffective disorder
Catatonia associated with a substance-induced psychotic disorder
Catatonia associated with bipolar and related disorders
Catatonia associated with major depressive disorder
Catatonic disorder due to another medical conditionIf catatonic symptoms are present but do not form the catatonic syndrome, a medication- or substance-induced aetiology should first be considered.ICD-11 classification
In ICD-11 catatonia is defined as a syndrome of primarily psychomotor disturbances that is characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of several symptoms such as stupor; catalepsy; waxy flexibility; mutism; negativism; posturing; mannerisms; stereotypies; psychomotor agitation; grimacing; echolalia and echopraxia.
Treatment response for patients with catatonia is 50–70% and these patients have a good prognosis. However, failure to respond to medication is a very poor prognosis. Many of these patients will require long-term and continuous mental health care. For patients with catatonia with underlying schizophrenia, the prognosis is much poorer. Epidemiology
Catatonia has been mostly studied in acutely ill psychiatric patients. Catatonia frequently goes unrecognized, leading to the belief that the syndrome is rare; however, this is not true and prevalence has been reported to be as high as 10% in patients with acute psychiatric illnesses. One large population estimate has suggested that the incidence of catatonia is 10.6 episodes per 100 000 person-years. It occurs in males and females in approximately equal numbers. 21-46% of all catatonia cases can be attributed to a general medical condition. History
It was first described in 1874 by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum as Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein (Catatonia or Tension Insanity). See also
References
External links
Catatonia in DSM-5
Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders – Catatonic Disorders
"Schizophrenia: Catatonic Type" video by Heinz Edgar Lehmann, 1952
Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale