Nafarelin, sold under the brand name Synarel among others, is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) medication which is used in the treatment of endometriosis and early puberty. It is also used to treat uterine fibroids, to control ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization (IVF), and as part of transgender hormone therapy. The medication is used as a nasal spray two to three times per day.Side effects of nafarelin are related to sex hormone deprivation and include symptoms of low testosterone levels and low estrogen levels such as hot flashes, sexual dysfunction, vaginal atrophy, and osteoporosis. Nafarelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) and works by preventing the production of sex hormones by the gonads. It can lower sex hormone levels by 95% in both sexes. Nafarelin is a peptide and an analogue of GnRH.Nafarelin was introduced for medical use in 1990. It is available widely throughout the world, including in North America, Europe, and elsewhere throughout the world. The medication is one of only two medically used GnRH analogues that are available as nasal sprays, the other being buserelin. Medical uses
Nafarelin is approved and used in the treatment of endometriosis and precocious puberty. It is also used in the treatment of uterine fibroids. The medication is used to control ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Nafarelin is used as a puberty blocker in transgender youth and to suppress testosterone levels in transgender women. Nafarelin can also be used to treat hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome by lowering gonadotropin and androgen levels.
Oculodentodigital syndrome (ODD syndrome) is an extremely rare genetic condition that typically results in small eyes, underdeveloped teeth, and syndactyly and malformation of  the fourth and fifth fingers. It is considered a kind of ectodermal dysplasia. Signs and symptoms
People with ODD syndrome often have a characteristic appearance. Visible features of the condition include:
small teeth that are prone to dental caries because of underdeveloped tooth enamel;
a long, thin nose;
unusually small eyes; and
type III syndactyly of the fourth and fifth fingers.Iris atrophy and glaucoma are more common than average. The size of the eyes often interferes with learning to read; special eyeglasses may be required. Hair may be fine, thin, dry, or fragile; in some families, it is curly.Neurologic abnormalities may be seen in adults. The neurologic changes may appear earlier in each subsequent generation and can include abnormal white matter, conductive deafness, and various kinds of paresis, including ataxia, spastic paraplegia, difficulty controlling the eyes, and bladder and bowel disturbances. Genetics
ODD is typically an autosomal dominant condition, but can be inherited as a recessive trait. It is generally believed to be caused by a mutation in the gene GJA1, which codes for the gap junction protein connexin 43. Slightly different mutations in this gene may explain the different way the condition manifests in different families. Most people inherit this condition from one of their parents, but new cases do arise through novel mutations.