The organic stream is recycled through the solvent extraction process while the aqueous streams cycle through leaching and electrowinning processes respectively. Ion exchange
Chelating agents, natural zeolite, activated carbon, resins, and liquid organics impregnated with chelating agents are all used to exchange cations or anions with the solution. Selectivity and recovery are a function of the reagents used and the contaminants present. Metal recovery
Metal recovery is the final step in a hydrometallurgical process. Metals suitable for sale as raw materials are often directly produced in the metal recovery step. Sometimes, however, further refining is required if ultra-high purity metals are to be produced. The primary types of metal recovery processes are electrolysis, gaseous reduction, and precipitation. For example, a major target of hydrometallurgy is copper, which is conveniently obtained by electrolysis. Cu2+ ions reduce at mild potentials, leaving behind other contaminating metals such as Fe2+ and Zn2+. Electrolysis
Electrowinning and electrorefining respectively involve the recovery and purification of metals using electrodeposition of metals at the cathode, and either metal dissolution or a competing oxidation reaction at the anode. Precipitation
Precipitation in hydrometallurgy involves the chemical precipitation of either metals and their compounds or of the contaminants from aqueous solutions. Precipitation will proceed when, through reagent addition, evaporation, pH change or temperature manipulation, any given species exceeds its limit of solubility. References
External links
Hydrometallurgy, BioMineWiki
Tidal wave may refer to:

Seas and oceans
A tidal bore, which is a large movement of water formed by the funnelling of the incoming tide into a river or narrow bay
A storm surge, or tidal surge, which can cause waves that breach flood defences
A tsunami, a series of water waves in a body of water caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, although this usage of "tidal wave" is a misnomer and is disfavored by the scientific community.