Dorzolamide, sold under the brand name Trusopt among others, is a medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye, including in cases of glaucoma. It is used as an eye drop. Effects begin within three hours and last for at least eight hours. It is also available as the combination dorzolamide/timolol.Common side effects include eye discomfort, eye redness, taste changes, and blurry vision. Serious side effects include Steven Johnson syndrome. Those allergic to sulfonamides may be allergic to dorzolamide. Use is not recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and works by decreasing the production of aqueous humour.Dorzolamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994. It is available as a generic medication. In 2017, it was the 281st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions. It is a second-generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Medical uses
Dorzolamide hydrochloride is used to lower excessive intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This drug is able to cross the cornea, reach the ciliary body of the eye, and produce systemic effects on the carbonic anhydrase enzyme within the eye. Side effects
Ocular stinging, burning, itching and bitter taste. It causes shallowing of the anterior chamber and leads to transient myopia. As a second generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Dorzolamide avoids systemic effects associated with first generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as Acetazolamide, Methazolamide, and Dichlorphenamide. Pharmacodynamics
Dorzolamide lowers intraocular pressure by about 20%.
Pyonephrosis (Greek pyon "pus" + nephros "kidney") is an infection of the kidneys collecting system. Pus collects in the renal pelvis and causes distension of the kidney. It can cause kidney failure. Cause
Pyonephrosis is sometimes a complication of kidney stones, which can be a source of persisting infection. It may also occur spontaneously. It can occur as a complication of hydronephrosis or pyelonephritis. Diagnosis
CECT is investigation of choice. Treatment
This requires drainage, best performed by ureteral stent placement or nephrostomy. Surgery - Nephrectomy, if the ureter affects - Nephroureterectomy. If the second kidney is not healthy, only drainage of the kidney or puncture nephrostomy is performed. See also
Pyelonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome

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