A ventricular outflow tract obstruction is one type of congenital heart defect in which either the right or left ventricular outflow tract is blocked or obstructed. These obstructions represent a spectrum of disorders. Right side
A right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) may be due to a defect in the pulmonic valve, the supravalvar region, the infundibulum, or the pulmonary artery. Pulmonary atresia
Pulmonary valve stenosis
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
Tetralogy of Fallot

Left side
A left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be due to a defect in the aortic valve, or a defect located at the subvalvar or supravalvar level. Aortic valve stenosis
Supravalvar aortic stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome


== References ==
Edaravone, sold under the brand name Radicava among others, is a medication used to treat stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is given by intravenous infusion and by mouth.The most common side effects include bruising (contusions), problems walking (gait disturbances), and headaches.The mechanism by which edaravone might be effective is unknown. The medication is known to be an antioxidant, and oxidative stress has been hypothesized to be part of the process that kills neurons in people with ALS.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. Medical uses
Edaravone is used to help people recover from stroke in Japan, and is used to treat ALS in the US and Japan. Adverse effects
The label carries a warning about the potential for hypersensitivity reactions to edaravone, and adverse effects include bruising, gait disturbances, headache, skin inflammation, eczema, problems breathing, excess sugar in urine, and fungal skin infections.The following adverse effects in at least 2% more people given the medication than were given placebo: bruising, gait disturbances, headache, skin inflammation, eczema, problems breathing, excess sugar in urine, and fungal skin infections.There is no data on whether it is safe for pregnant women to take, and it is unknown if edaravone is secreted in breast milk. Pharmacology
The mechanism by which edaravone might be effective in ALS is unknown.