It is generally associated with high doses (>4 mg/kg per  hour or >67 mcg/kg per minute) and prolonged use (>48 hours)  though it has been reported with high-dose short-term infusions.Additional proposed risk factors include a young age, critical illness, high fat and low carbohydrate intake, inborn errors of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and concomitant catecholamine infusion or steroid therapy. Characteristics of PRIS include acute refractory bradycardia, severe metabolic acidosis, cardiovascular collapse, rhabdomyolysis, hyperlipidemia, renal failure, and hepatomegaly.The incidence of PRIS is unknown, but it is probably less than 1 percent. Mortality is variable but high (33 to 66 percent). Treatment involves discontinuation of the propofol infusion and supportive care. Risk Factors
Predisposing factors seem to include young age, severe critical illness of central nervous system or respiratory origin, exogenous catecholamine or glucocorticoid administration, inadequate carbohydrate intake and subclinical mitochondrial disease. Treatment
Treatment options are limited and are usually supportive, including hemodialysis with cardiorespiratory support. == References ==
Pyaemia (or pyemia) is a type of sepsis that leads to widespread abscesses of a metastatic nature. It is usually caused by the staphylococcus bacteria by pus-forming organisms in the blood. Apart from the distinctive abscesses, pyaemia exhibits the same symptoms as other forms of septicaemia. It was almost universally fatal before the introduction of antibiotics. Sir William Osler included a three-page discussion of pyaemia in his textbook The Principles and Practice of Medicine, published in 1892. He defined pyaemia as follows:

A general disease, characterized by recurring chills and intermittent fever and the formation of abscesses in various parts, all of which result from the contamination of the blood by products arising from a focus contaminated by the bacteria of suppuration. Earlier still, Ignaz Semmelweis – who later died of the disease – included a section titled "Childbed fever is a variety of pyaemia" in his treatise, The Etiology of Childbed Fever (1861). Jane Grey Swisshelm, in her autobiography titled Half a Century, describes the treatment of pyaemia in 1862 during the American Civil War. Types
arterial p.  Pyaemia resulting from dissemination of emboli from a thrombus in cardiac vessels. cryptogenic p.  Pyaemia of an origin that is hidden in the deeper tissues. metastatic p.  Multiple abscesses resulting from infected pyaemic thrombi. portal p.  Suppurative inflammation of the portal vein. Symptoms
The disease is characterized by intermittent high temperature with recurrent chills; metastatic processes in various parts of the body, especially in the lungs; septic pneumonia; empyema. It may be fatal.