While early cervical pregnancies may abort spontaneously or can be managed with excision, D&C, suturing, electrocautery, and tamponading, by medication such as methotrexate, and/or by uterine artery embolization, a more advanced pregnancy may require a hysterectomy to control bleeding. The more advanced the pregnancy, the higher the risk for major bleeding necessitating a hysterectomy.On very rare occasions, a cervical pregnancy results in the birth of a live baby; typically, the pregnancy is in the upper part of the cervical canal and manages to extend into the lower part of the uterine cavity. A cervical pregnancy can develop together with a normal intrauterine pregnancy; such a heterotopic pregnancy will call for expert management as to not to endanger the intrauterine pregnancy. Epidemiology
The incidence has been reported to be about 1:1,000 to 1:16,000 pregnancies.Pregnancies involving the isthmus – the segment of the uterus between the cervix and the fundus – are more common than true cervical pregnancies. While in many situations the cause of the abnormal implantation remains unclear, there is evidence to link the development of cervical pregnancy to uterine instrumentation, specifically repeated D&Cs (dilatation and curettage). Cervical pregnancies are to be distinguished from pregnancies that start from an implantation in a scar of a previous cesarean section, so-called scar pregnancies. References


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Trichoblastomas are a skin condition characterized by benign neoplasms of the follicular germinative cells known as trichoblasts. : 673 Trichoblastic fibroma is a term used to describe small nodular trichoblastomas that contain a conspicuous fibrocytic component, sometimes constituting over 50% of the lesion. Image at left shows a trichoblastoma from a 68-year-old Caucasian male. It shows a pseudo-encapsulated, multinodular, basaloid tumor with fibrocellular stroma spanning the reticular dermis extending into subcutaneous fat (A). No epidermal connection or retraction artifact was noted. Tumor lobules were arranged as monomorphous basaloid cells in a cribriform pattern with peripheral palisading some resembling abortive hair follicles (B, F). Focally, tumor lobules exhibited squamous eddies, papillary mesenchymal bodies, and a germinative component comprising basaloid cells admixed with distinct pales cells (Zellballen) (C–E, D is an enlargement of boxed area in C). See also
Trichoepithelioma
Basal cell carcinoma#Pathophysiology (trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant lesion that can sometimes resemble trichoblastoma)
Skin lesion
List of cutaneous conditions
List of cutaneous conditions associated with increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer

References


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