The lesions usually change in shape and size, and migrate to other areas, sometimes within hours. The condition may affect only part of the tongue, with a predilection for the tip and the sides of the tongue, or the entire dorsal surface at any one time. The condition goes through periods of remission and relapse. Loss of the white peripheral zone is thought to signify periods of mucosal healing.There are usually no symptoms other than the unusual appearance of the tongue, but in some cases persons may experience pain or burning, e.g. when eating hot, acidic, spicy or other kinds of foods (e.g. cheese, tomatoes, fruit). Where there is a burning symptom, other causes of a burning sensation on the tongue are considered, such as oral candidiasis. Causes
The cause is unknown. Geographic tongue does not usually cause any symptoms, and in those cases where there are symptoms, an oral parafunctional habit may be a contributory factor. Persons with parafunctional habits related to the tongue may show scalloping on the sides of the tongue (crenated tongue). Some suggest that hormonal factors may be involved, because one reported case in a female appeared to vary in severity in correlation with oral contraceptive use. People with geographic tongue frequently claim that their condition worsens during periods of psychologic stress. Geographic tongue is inversely associated with smoking and tobacco use.
Susoctocog alfa, sold under the brand name Obizur, is a medication used for the treatment of bleeding episodes in adults with acquired haemophilia, a bleeding disorder caused by the spontaneous development of antibodies that inactivate factor VIII.Susoctocog alfa was approved for medical use in the United States in October 2014, and for medical use in the European Union in November 2015.Factor VIII is one of the proteins needed for normal clotting of the blood. References
External links
"Susoctocog alfa". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.