Furthermore, brolucizumab demonstrated superiority to aflibercept in key secondary endpoint measures of disease activity in wet AMD, a leading cause of blindness in two head-to-head pivotal Phase III studies.On 8 October 2019, Novartis announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved brolucizumab injection for the treatment of wet AMD. Beovu is the first FDA approved anti-VEGF to offer both greater fluid resolution versus aflibercept and the ability to maintain eligible wet AMD patients on a three-month dosing interval immediately after a three-month loading phase with uncompromised efficacy.The FDA approved Beovu based on evidence from two clinical trials (Trial 1/ NCT02307682 and Trial 2/NCT02434328) of 1459 patients, 50–97 years old, with wet AMD. The trials were conducted at 336 sites in the United States, Canada, Central and South America, European countries, Israel, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam.While brolucizumab was initially developed for ophthalmology, non-ophthalmology indications (to which Cell Medica hold development rights) are also under investigation, under the name DLX1008. DLX1008 is under preclinical development for Kaposi sarcoma and glioblastoma.Brolucizumab was approved for use in the European Union in February 2020.
Toluene is a component of high-octane gasoline; xylene is used in the production of polyester fibers and resins. trichloroethylene, an industrial degreasing solvent
Organophosphate pesticides

Head trauma
There can be damage either to the ear itself or to the central auditory pathways that process the information conveyed by the ears. People who sustain head injury are susceptible to hearing loss or tinnitus, either temporary or permanent. Contact sports like football (U.S. NFL), hockey and cricket have a notable incidence of head injuries (concussions). In one survey of retired NFL players, all of whom reported one or more concussions during their playing careers, 25% had hearing loss and 50% had tinnitus. Perinatal conditions
These are much more common in premature babies, particularly those under 1500 g at birth. Premature birth can be associated with problems that result in sensorineural hearing loss such as anoxia or hypoxia (poor oxygen levels), jaundice, intracranial haemorrhages, meningitis. Fetal alcohol syndrome is reported to cause hearing loss in up to 64% of infants born to alcoholic mothers, from the ototoxic effect on the developing fetus, plus malnutrition during pregnancy from the excess alcohol intake. Iodine deficiency / Hypothyroidism
Iodine deficiency and endemic hypothyroidism are associated with hearing loss. If a pregnant mother has insufficient iodine intake during pregnancy it affects the development of the inner ear in the foetus leading to sensorineural deafness. This occurs in certain areas of the world, such as the Himalayas, where iodine is deficient in the soil and thus the diet. In these areas there is a high incidence of endemic goitre.