This has not been conclusively demonstrated in humans because routine smallpox vaccination was discontinued following the eradication of smallpox.Smallpox vaccine has been reported to reduce the risk of monkeypox among previously vaccinated persons in Africa. The decrease in immunity to poxviruses in exposed populations is a factor in the prevalence of monkeypox. It is attributed to waning cross-protective immunity among those vaccinated before 1980, when mass smallpox vaccinations were discontinued, and to the gradually increasing proportion of unvaccinated individuals.The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that persons investigating monkeypox outbreaks and involved in caring for infected individuals or animals should receive a smallpox vaccination to protect against monkeypox. Persons who have had close or intimate contact with individuals or animals confirmed to have monkeypox should also be vaccinated. However, the CDC does not recommend pre-exposure vaccination for unexposed veterinarians, veterinary staff, or animal control officers, unless such persons are involved in field investigations. No smallpox or monkeypox vaccine has been approved for use during pregnancy. The CDC recommends that healthcare providers don a full set of personal protective equipment (PPE) before caring for an infected person. This includes a gown, mask, goggles, and a disposable filtering respirator (such as an N95). An infected person should be isolated in preferably a negative air pressure room or at least a private exam room to keep others from possible contact.Monkeypox prevention cannot be simplified to just providing a vaccine.
Cases were also reported in travellers to Israel and Singapore. The UK saw further cases in 2019 and 2021.In June 2022, the World Health Organization announced that it would find a new name for the disease, in line with its policy to avoid misleading associations with specific regions or animals.On 31 July 2022, the first death from monkeypox was recorded in India: a 22-year-old man who had returned from the UAE died. See also
2003 Midwest monkeypox outbreak
2022 monkeypox outbreak
2022 monkeypox outbreak in Canada
2022 monkeypox outbreak in the United States
2022 monkeypox outbreak in the United Kingdom

References
External links

CDC – Monkeypox Fact Sheet
WHO – Monkeypox Fact Sheet
Virology.net Picturebook: Monkeypox
"Could Monkeypox Take Over Where Smallpox Left Off? Smallpox may be gone, but its viral cousins – monkeypox and cowpox – are staging a comeback". Scientific American, March 4, 2013. More than 80 cases confirmed in 12 countries, May 23, 2022. Monkeypox DNA sequencing hints virus circulating since 2017, June 7, 2022. MonkeypoxTracker – Monkeypox statistics visualization site
PoxApp - the monkeypox app – Assess skin lesions and symptoms with artificial intelligence developed by Stanford University