Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops from the thin layer of tissue that covers many of the internal organs (known as the mesothelium). The most common area affected is the lining of the lungs and chest wall. Less commonly the lining of the abdomen and rarely the sac surrounding the heart, or the sac surrounding the testis may be affected. Signs and symptoms of mesothelioma may include shortness of breath due to fluid around the lung, a swollen abdomen, chest wall pain, cough, feeling tired, and weight loss. These symptoms typically come on slowly.More than 80% of mesothelioma cases are caused by exposure to asbestos. The greater the exposure the greater the risk. As of 2013, about 125 million people worldwide have been exposed to asbestos at work. High rates of disease occur in people who mine asbestos, produce products from asbestos, work with asbestos products, live with asbestos workers, or work in buildings containing asbestos. Asbestos exposure and the onset of cancer are generally separated by about 40 years. Washing the clothing of someone who worked with asbestos also increases the risk. Other risk factors include genetics and infection with the simian virus 40. The diagnosis may be suspected based on chest X-ray and CT scan findings, and is confirmed by either examining fluid produced by the cancer or by a tissue biopsy of the cancer.Prevention focuses on reducing exposure to asbestos. Treatment often includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Acroosteolysis is resorption of the distal bony phalanges. Acroosteolysis has two patterns of resorption in adults:  diffuse and bandlike. The diffuse pattern of resorption has a widely diverse differential diagnosis which includes:  pyknodysostosis, collagen vascular disease and vasculitis, Raynauds neuropathy, trauma, epidermolysis bullosa, psoriasis, frostbite, sarcoidosis, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, acromegaly, and advanced leprosy.The bandlike pattern of resorption may be seen with polyvinyl chloride exposure and Hadju-Cheney syndrome.A mnemonic commonly used for acro-osteolysis is PINCHFO.Pyknodysostosis, Psoriasis,
Injury (thermal burn, frostbite),
Neuropathy (diabetes),
Collagen vascular disease (scleroderma, Raynauds),
Hyperparathyroidism,
Familial (Hadju-Cheney, progeria), 
Occupational (polyvinyl exposure),
Acroosteolysis may be associated with minimal skin changes or with ischemic skin lesions that may result in digital necrosis. : 665

See also
Nail anatomy


== References ==