Retroviral replicating vectors
Led by Prof. Nori Kasahara, researchers from USC, who are now at UCLA, reported in 2001 the first successful example of applying the use of retroviral replicating vectors towards transducing cell lines derived from solid tumors. Building on this initial work, the researchers applied the technology to in vivo models of cancer and in 2005 reported a long-term survival benefit in an experimental brain tumor animal model. Subsequently, in preparation for human clinical trials, this technology was further developed by Tocagen (a pharmaceutical company primarily focused on brain cancer treatments) as a combination treatment (Toca 511 & Toca FC). This has been under investigation since 2010 in a Phase I/II clinical trial for the potential treatment of recurrent high-grade glioma including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma. No results have yet been published. Non-invasive detection
Efforts to detect and monitor development and treatment response of brain tumors by liquid biopsy from blood, cerebrospinal fluid or urine, are in the early stages of development. See also
Brain
Tumor
Nervous system neoplasm
List of brain tumor cases

References
External links

Brain and CNS cancers at Curlie
Brain tumour information from Cancer Research UK
Neuro-Oncology: Cancer Management Guidelines
MedPix Teaching File MR Scans of Primary Brain Lymphoma, etc.
Its symptoms include superficial peeling of small areas of the skin that involve the dorsal and palmar surfaces of the hands and feet, superficial scaling of forearms and legs, and acanthosis. Peeling skin syndrome 6
Peeling skin syndrome 6 is caused by a genetic defect in the filaggrin (filaggrin family member 2) gene. The function for this gene is vital for normal cellular-cell adhesion within the cornified cell layers. It is also critical for the integrity and mechanical strength of the stratum corneum of the epidermis. Its symptom include dryness of the skin, peeling of the skin. erythema at lesion sites, bullae, and hyper-pigmentation. Symptoms and signs
Abnormal blistering of the skin
Abnormality of hair texture
Dry skin
Aminoaciduria
Hyperhidrosis
Ichthyosis

Treatment
There is no remedy for peeling skin syndrome. Treatment focuses on avoiding skin damage and treating symptoms as they occur. Ointments are also used to minimize skin peeling and when the blister grows, sterile needles may be activated. The condition can be exacerbated by hot temperatures, humidity, and friction. Individuals should be informed to avoid exacerbating triggers such as trauma, humidity, heat, perspiration, and water. Frequency
Only several dozen cases have been reported in the literature, making it rare, but because its symptoms are mild and similar to other disorders it could very well be under-diagnosed. See also
Idiopathic calcified nodules of the scrotum
Keratolysis exfoliativa
List of cutaneous conditions
Corneodesmosin
TGM5
Carbohydrate sulfotransferase
Cystatin A
Serpin
Filaggrin

References


== External links ==