Hyperaldosteronism is a medical condition wherein too much aldosterone is produced by the adrenal glands, which can lead to lowered levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) and increased hydrogen ion excretion (alkalosis). This cause of mineralocorticoid excess is primary hyperaldosteronism reflecting excess production of aldosterone by adrenal zona glomerulosa. Bilateral micronodular hyperplasia is more common than unilateral adrenal adenoma. Signs and symptoms
It can be asymptomatic, but these symptoms may be present:
Fatigue
Headache
High blood pressure
Hypokalemia
Hypernatraemia
Hypomagnesemia
Intermittent or temporary paralysis
Muscle spasms
Muscle weakness
Numbness
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Tingling
Metabolic alkalosis
Nocturia
Blurry Vision
Dizziness/Vertigo

Cause
The causes of primary hyperaldosteronism are adrenal hyperplasia and adrenal adenoma (Conns syndrome). These cause hyperplasia of aldosterone-producing cells of the adrenal cortex resulting in primary hyperaldosteronism. The causes of secondary hyperaldosteronism are accessory renal veins, fibromuscular dysplasia, reninoma, renal tubular acidosis, nutcracker syndrome, ectopic tumors, massive  ascites, left ventricular failure, and cor pulmonale. These act either by decreasing circulating fluid volume or by decreasing cardiac output, with resulting increase in renin release leading to secondary hyperaldosteronism. Secondary hyperaldosteronism can also be caused by proximal renal tubular acidosis
Secondary hyperaldosteronism can also be a symptom of genetic conditions Bartters Syndrome and Gitelmans Syndrome. Diagnosis
When taking a blood test, the aldosterone-to-renin ratio is abnormally increased in primary hyperaldosteronism, and decreased or normal but with high renin in secondary hyperaldosteronism. Types
In endocrinology, the terms primary and secondary are used to describe the abnormality (e.g., elevated aldosterone) in relation to the defect, i.e., the tumors location. It also refers to causes that are genetic (primary) or due to another condition or influence (secondary).
Muscle weakness is due to low potassium concentrations in the blood, and signs of muscle weakness, such as being unable to jump, may be intermittent. High blood pressure causes either detachment of the retina, or blood inside the eye, which leads to loss of vision. Hyperaldosteronism caused by a tumor is treated by surgical removal of the affected adrenal gland. See also
Hypoaldosteronism
Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism

References
External links
Primary Hyperaldosteronism Nursing Management