It is proposed that repetitive use of the arm can affect the biomechanics of the upper limb or cause damage to tissues. It is proposed that postural and spinal assessment along with ergonomic assessments should be considered, based on observation that addressing these factors has been found to improve comfort in some studies although experimental data are lacking and the perceived benefits may not be specific to those interventions. A 2010 survey by NIOSH showed that 2/3 of the 5 million carpal tunnel diagnosed in the US that year were related to work. Women are more likely to be diagnosed with work-related carpal tunnel syndrome than men. Associated conditions
A variety of patient factors can lead to CTS, including heredity, size of the carpal tunnel, associated local and systematic diseases, and certain habits. Non-traumatic causes generally happen over a period of time, and are not triggered by one certain event. Many of these factors are manifestations of physiologic aging. Diagnosis
There is no consensus reference standard for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. A combination of characteristic symptoms (how it feels) and signs (what the clinician finds on exam) are associated with a high probability of IMNCT without electrophysiological testing. Electrodiagnostic testing (electromyography and nerve conduction velocity) can objectively measure and verify median neuropathy.Ultrasound can image and measure the cross sectional diameter of the median nerve, which has some correlation with idiopathic median neuropathy at the carpal tunnel (IMNCT). The role of ultrasound in diagnosis--just as for electrodiagnostic testing--is a matter of debate.
They experience neurological problems including weak muscle tone (hypotonia), abnormal movements, seizures, and coma. Infants with this form of the condition usually survive for less than 3 months after birth. Type C
This type is characterised by its late onset and is associated with isolated mild intellectual delay. Treatment
Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency treatment typically consists of providing the body with alternate sources of energy (anaplerotic therapy). This may include a diet rich in proteins and carbohydrates but not lipids. Acutely, triheptanoin may be administered as a source of acetyl-CoA. Epidemiology
Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency is very rare, and is estimated to affect around 1 in 250,000 people. References
External links

GeneReview/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency
Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency at NLM Genetics Home Reference  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.