Unsuccessfully attacked Julius Caesar three times at Alexandria. Pothinus (1st century BCE): regent for pharaoh Ptolemy XII. First millennium CE
Sporus (died 69): an attractive Roman boy who was castrated by, and later married to, Emperor Nero. Unidentified "Ethiopian eunuch" (1st century AD), from the Kingdom of Kush in modern-day Sudan, described in the Acts of the Apostles (chapter 8). Philip the Evangelist, one of the original seven deacons, is directed by the Holy Spirit to catch up to the eunuchs chariot and hears him reading from the Book of Isaiah (chapter 53). Philip explained that the section prophesies Jesus crucifixion, which Philip described to the eunuch. The eunuch was baptized shortly thereafter. Halotus (c. 20–30 CE – c. 70–80 CE), servant to the Roman Emperor Claudius and suspected of poisoning him. Cai Lun (c. 50–62–121): Former attribution to Lun as the inventor of paper has been rescinded following discovery of many earlier manuscripts written on paper. It is now highly questionable if he was directly involved in making paper. Zhang Rang: head of the infamous "10 Changshi" (ten attendants) of the Eastern Han dynasty. Huang Hao: eunuch in the state of Shu; also appears in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Cen Hun (died 280): eunuch in the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms Period. Origen (c. 185–c.
The young mans thighs and abdomen would be tied and others would pin him down on a table. The genitals would be washed with pepper water and then cut off. A tube would be then inserted into the urethra to allow urination during healing. Many Vietnamese eunuchs were products of self castration to gain access to the palaces and power. In other cases they might be paid to become eunuchs. They served in many capacities, from supervising public works, to investigating crimes, to reading public proclamations. Thailand
In Siam (modern Thailand) Indian Muslims from the Coromandel Coast served as eunuchs in the Thai palace and court. The Thai at times asked eunuchs from China to visit the court in Thailand and advise them on court ritual since they held them in high regard. Burma
Sir Henry Yule saw many Muslims serving as eunuchs in the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma (modern Myanmar) while on a diplomatic mission. Arabian Peninsula
For several centuries, Muslim Eunuchs were tasked with honored roles in Medina and Mecca. They are thought to have been instituted in their role there by Salah ad-Deen Ayubi, but perhaps earlier. Their tasks included caring for the Prophet Muhammad’s tomb, maintaining borders between males and females where needed, and keeping order in the sacred spaces. They were highly respected in their time and remained there throughout the Ottoman Empire’s control of the area and afterward. In the present day, it is reported that only a few remain.