Additionally, in countries with high levels of inequality (a common problem in countries with inadequate governing institutions), much higher growth rates are needed to reduce the rate of poverty when compared with other nations. Additionally, if China and India are removed from the equation, up to 70% of the worlds poor live in fragile states by some definitions of fragility. Some analysts project that extreme poverty will be increasingly concentrated in fragile, low-income states like Haiti, Yemen and the Central African Republic. However, some academics, such as Andy Sumner, say that extreme poverty will be increasingly concentrated in middle-income countries, creating a paradox where the worlds poor do not actually live in the poorest countries.To help low-income earners, fragile states make the transition towards peace and prosperity, the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States, endorsed by roughly forty countries and multilateral institutions, was created in 2011. This represents an important step towards redressing the problem of fragility as it was originally articulated by self-identified fragile states who called on the international community to not only "do things differently", but to also "do different things".Civil conflict also remains a prime cause for the perpetuation of poverty throughout the developing world. Armed conflict can have severe effects on economic growth for many reasons such as the destruction of assets, destruction of livelihoods, creation of unwanted mass migration, and diversion of public resources towards war. Significantly, a country that experienced major violence during 1981–2005 had extreme poverty rates 21 percentage points higher than a country with no violence.
Suppose that for both eyes the other parameters are identical, namely t = 1 mm = 0.001 m, n = 1.6, P = 5 m−1, and h = 15 mm = 0.015 m.  
Then for the first eye 
  
    
      
        
          
            Magnification
          
        
        =
        
          
            1
            
              (
              1
              −
              (
              0.001
              
                /
              
              1.6
              )
              ×
              5
              )
            
          
        
        ⋅
        
          
            1
            
              (
              1
              −
              0.015
              ×
              −
              1
              )
            
          
        
        =
        1.0031
        ×
        0.9852
        =
        0.9883
        =
        98.83
        
        %
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\textrm {Magnification}}={\frac {1}{(1-(0.001/1.6)\times 5)}}\cdot {\frac {1}{(1-0.015\times -1)}}=1.0031\times 0.9852=0.9883=98.83\,\%}
  , 
while for the second eye 
  
    
      
        
          
            Magnification
          
        
        =
        
          
            1
            
              (
              1
              −
              (
              0.001
              
                /
              
              1.6
              )
              ×
              5
              )
            
          
        
        ⋅
        
          
            1
            
              (
              1
              −
              0.015
              ×
              −
              4
              )
            
          
        
        =
        1.0031
        ×
        0.9434
        =
        0.9464
        =
        94.64
        
        %
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\textrm {Magnification}}={\frac {1}{(1-(0.001/1.6)\times 5)}}\cdot {\frac {1}{(1-0.015\times -4)}}=1.0031\times 0.9434=0.9464=94.64\,\%}
  .