History
Positive preliminary results from stage III trials were recorded in 2008, along with evidence that it is around ten times more potent for the prevention of certain types of seizure in mouse models than its analogue levetiracetam.On 14 January 2016, the European Commission, and on 12 May 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved brivaracetam under the trade name Briviact. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) issued an interim final rule placing brivaracetam into schedule V of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) effective 9 March 2017. As of May 2016, brivaracetam is not approved in some other countries. It was approved in Australia in August 2016. In Canada it was approved on 9 March 2016 under the trade name Brivlera. Legality
Australia
Brivaracetam is a schedule 4 substance in Australia under the Poisons Standard (February 2020). A  schedule 4 substance is classified as "Prescription Only Medicine, or Prescription Animal Remedy – Substances, the use or supply of which should be by or on the order of persons permitted by State or Territory legislation to prescribe and should be available from a pharmacist on prescription." References
Further reading
Dean L (2018). "Brivaracetam Therapy and CYP2C19 Genotype". In Pratt VM, McLeod HL, Rubinstein WS,  et al. (eds.). Medical Genetics Summaries. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). PMID 29763212. Bookshelf ID: NBK500036. External links
"Brivaracetam". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
A phytobezoar is a type of bezoar, or trapped mass in the gastrointestinal system, that consists of components of indigestible plant material, such as fibres, skins and seeds. While phytobezoars may be discovered incidentally on barium x-ray or endoscopic testing of the stomach, individuals with phytobezoars may develop symptoms: nausea, vomiting, gastric outlet obstruction, perforation, abdominal pain, and bleeding have been reported. Conditions that lead to decreased motility in the stomach (gastroparesis) and surgeries on the stomach (such as vagotomy or gastric bypass) are associated with the development of phytobezoars. A specific type of phytobezoar, termed a diospyrobezoar, is associated with ingestion of unripe persimmons, which contain a soluble tannin called shibuol that polymerizes into a coagulative cellulose-protein compound in the acid environment of the stomach, to form the bezoar. In addition to their presence in human stomachs, phytobezoars have been documented in the stomachs of slaughtered plant-eating animals. Cause
Gastric phytobezoars are a form of intestinal blockage and are seen in those with poor gastric motility. The preferred treatment of bezoars includes different therapies and/or fragmentation to avoid surgery. Phytobezoars are most common and consist of undigested lignin, cellulose,  tannins, celery, pumpkin skin, grape skins, prunes, raisins, vegetables and fruits. Phytobezoars can form after eating persimmons and pineapples. These are more difficult to treat and are referred to as diospyrobezoars. Phytobezoars are more likely to form due to the ingestion of raw plant foods, even in persons without predisposing factors, as cooking softens them for easier digestion. Treatment
Several treatments for phytobezoars have been described.