Ischial bursitis (also known as weavers bottom) is inflammation of the synovial bursa located between gluteus maximus muscle and ischial tuberosity. Signs and symptoms
Ischial bursitis causes pain down the posterior aspect of the upper thigh. There may be pain over the ischial tuberosity. Chronic ischial bursitis may cause paraesthesia. This pain may become immediately more severe when sitting down. Cause
Ischial bursitis is usually caused by prolonged sitting on a hard surface. It may also be related to ischial apophysitis, which may be caused by exercise, particularly in young and athletic patients. Mechanism
The ischial bursa is a synovial bursa located between gluteus maximus muscle and ischial tuberosity. When in a seated position, the ischial bursa is put under the highest amount of pressure, which is most significant against a hard surface.Friction from exercise can lead to inflammation of the ischial bursa, known as bursitis. Diagnosis
Ischial bursitis is usually diagnosed clinically based on symptoms. An x-ray (using injected contrast agent) may be used to identify the formation of calluses. Treatment
Ischial bursitis is usually treated conservatively. Lifestyle changes may be advised, avoiding certain exercises and sitting on hard surfaces. Analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, may be used relieve pain.Ischial bursitis may be treated with medical and surgical interventions if it is persistent or particularly severe. Analgesics, anaesthetics, or triamcinolone may be injected to relive pain. Epidemiology
Ischial bursitis is a fairly rare illness. When a patient presents with symptoms, other conditions such as a spinal disc herniation may be considered.
Invasive cancer or extensive ductal carcinoma in situ is primarily treated with modified radical mastectomies. The procedure consists in the removal of the breast, the lining over the chest muscles and a part of the lymph nodes from under the arm. In cases of noninvasive cancers, simple mastectomies are performed in which only the breast with the lining over the chest muscles is removed. Patients with cancer that has not spread beyond the nipple and the surrounding area are often treated with breast-conserving surgery or lumpectomy. They usually undergo radiation therapy after the actual procedure to prevent recurrence. A breast-conserving surgery consists in the removal of the nipple, areola and the part of the breast that is affected by cancer. In most cases, adjuvant treatment is part of the treatment schema. This type of treatment is normally given to patients with cancer to prevent a potential recurrence of the disease. Whether adjuvant therapy is needed depends upon the type of cancer and whether the cancer cells have spread to the lymph nodes. In Pagets disease, the most common type of adjuvant therapy is radiation following breast-conservative surgery. Adjuvant therapy may also consist of anticancer drugs or hormone therapies. Hormonal therapy reduces the production of hormones within the body, or prevents the hormones from stimulating the cancer cells to grow, and it is commonly used in cases of invasive cancer by means of drugs such as tamoxifen and anastrozole.