Circulating hydrogen ions and bicarbonate are shifted through the carbonic acid (H2CO3) intermediate to make more CO2 via the enzyme carbonic anhydrase according to the following reaction: 
  
    
      
        
          
            H
            C
            
              O
              
                3
              
              
                −
              
            
            +
            
              H
              
                +
              
            
            →
            
              H
              
                2
              
            
            C
            
              O
              
                3
              
            
            →
            C
            
              O
              
                2
              
            
            +
            
              H
              
                2
              
            
            O
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle {\rm {HCO_{3}^{-}+H^{+}\rightarrow H_{2}CO_{3}\rightarrow CO_{2}+H_{2}O}}}
   This causes decreased circulating hydrogen ion concentration, and increased pH (alkalosis).
Problems with blood cell formation result in some combination of low red blood cells, low platelets, and low white blood cells. Some types have an increase in immature blood cells, called blasts, in the bone marrow or blood. Fibrous dysplasia of bone
Fibrous dysplasia of bone is a disorder where normal bone and marrow is replaced with fibrous tissue, resulting in formation of bone that is weak and prone to expansion. As a result, most complications result from fracture, deformity, functional impairment and pain. Macroscopic scale
Hip dysplasia
Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. Occasionally one leg may be shorter than the other. The left hip is more often affected than the right. Complications without treatment can include arthritis, limping, and low back pain. Multicystic dysplastic kidney
Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a condition that results from the malformation of the kidney during fetal development. The kidney consists of irregular cysts of varying sizes. Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a common type of renal cystic disease, and it is a cause of an abdominal mass in infants. Etymology
From Ancient Greek δυσ- dys-,  "bad" or "difficult" and πλάσις plasis, "formation". The equivalent surface analysis, in parallel with classical compounds, is dys- + -plasia. See also
Pleomorphism
List of biological development disorders

References


== Further reading ==