Oral lichen planus
Cicatricial pemphigoid or less commonly bullous pemphigoid
Pemphigus vulgaris
Linear immunoglobulin A disease
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Lupus erythematosus
Chronic ulcerative stomatitis
Chronic bacterial, fungal, and viral infections
Reactions to medications, mouthwashes, and chewing gumRare causes include:

Crohn’s disease
Sarcoidosis
Leukemia
factitious (self inflicted) lesions
Squamous cell carcinoma (can be mistaken for desquamative gingivitis)

Treatment
Improving oral hygiene
Minimising irritation of the lesions
Specific therapies for the underlying disease (where available)
Local or systemic immunosuppressive or dapsone therapy (notably not corticosteroids)

History
This condition was first recognized and reported in 1894, but the term desquamative gingivitis was not coined until 1932. References


== External links ==
Discoid meniscus is a rare human anatomic variant that usually affects the lateral meniscus of the knee. Usually a person with this anomaly has no complaints; however, it may present as pain, swelling, or a snapping sound heard from the affected knee. Strong suggestive findings on magnetic resonance imaging includes a thickened meniscal body seen on more than two contiguous sagittal slices. Description
The Watanabe classification of discoid lateral meniscus is: (A) Incomplete, (B) Complete, and C) Wrisberg-ligament variant   Normally, the meniscus is a thin crescent-shaped piece of cartilage that lies between the weight bearing joint surfaces of the femur and the tibia. It is attached to the lining of the knee joint along its periphery and serves to absorb about a third of the impact load that the joint cartilage surface sees and also provides some degree of stabilization for the knee. There are two menisci in the knee joint, with one on the outside (away from midline) being the lateral meniscus and the inner one (towards midline) the medial meniscus. A discoid meniscus is a congenital anomaly of the knee found in 3% of the population (up to 15% in Asia). It typically affects the lateral meniscus and may be found bilaterally (20%). Instead of the narrow crescent shape, as seen in a normal meniscus above, a discoid meniscus is thickened, and has a fuller crescent shape. In addition, a discoid meniscus does not taper as much towards the center of the joint and is shaped like a disc.