If the animal cannot be captured, preventative rabies treatment is recommended in many places. Several countries are known not to have native rabies, see the Wikipedia page for prevalence of rabies. Treatment
The first step in treatment includes washing the bite wound. If there is a low risk of infection the wound may be sutured. Debridement and drainage of bite wounds was practiced in the pre-antibiotic era, but high rates of infection still occurred. A 2019 Cochrane systematic review aimed to evaluate the healing and infection rates in bite wounds based on if/when they were stitched closed. The review authors looked for studies that compared stitching wounds closed straight away, leaving them open for a short time or not stitching them at all. Due to a lack of high-certainty evidence, the review authors concluded that more robust randomised controlled trials were needed to fully answer this question. Antibiotics
Antibiotics to prevent infection are recommended for dog and cat bites of the hand, and human bites if they are more than superficial. They are also recommended in those who have poor immune function. Evidence for antibiotics to prevent infection in bites in other areas is not clear.The first choice is amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, and if the person is penicillin-allergic, doxycycline and metronidazole. The antistaphylococcal penicillins (e.g., cloxacillin, nafcillin, flucloxacillin) and the macrolides (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin) are not used for empirical therapy, because they do not cover Pasteurella species. Vaccinations
Rabies prevention is generally available in North America and the Northern European states.
Hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS) is a vascular occlusion in humans in the region of the ulna. It is caused by repetitive trauma to the hand or wrist (such as that caused by the use of a hammer) by the vulnerable portion of the ulnar artery as it passes over the hamate bone, which may result in thrombosis, irregularity or aneurysm formation. HHS is a potentially curable cause of Raynauds syndrome, distinct from hand–arm vibration syndrome. Cause
Diagnosis
A physical examination of the hand may show discoloration (blanching, mottling, and/ or cyanosis; gangrene  may be present in advanced cases), unusual tenderness/ a callous over the hypothenar eminence, and fingertip ulcerations and splinter hemorrhages over ulnar digits; if an aneurysm is present, there may also be a pulsatile mass. Allens test will be positive if an occlusion is present and negative if an aneurysm is present. An angiogram may show a "corkscrew" ulnar artery or an occlusion or aneurysm at the hook of the hamate. Treatment
Noninvasive treatments have an 80% success rate; Example: switch jobs, stop smoking, regular finger exercise, surgical options exist for other instances. Epidemiology
HHS, though rare, occurs much more frequently in men than in women (9:1) and principally affects those in their 40s and 50s. == References ==