Diagnosis
X-ray and CT scan show lytic expansion lesions with clear borders. Expansion of cortex gives the lesion a balloon-like appearance. Larger lesions may appear septated. MRI reveals fluid levels. Bone scan shows outer radiotracer uptake, with a central dark area. Differential diagnosis
Following conditions are excluded before diagnosis can be confirmed:
Unicameral bone cyst
Giant cell tumor
Telangiectatic osteosarcoma
Secondary aneurysmal bone cyst

Treatment
Curettage is performed on some people, and is sufficient for inactive lesions. The recurrence rate with curettage is significant in active lesions, and marginal resection has been advised. Liquid nitrogen, phenol, methyl methacrylate are considered for use to kill cells at margins of resected cyst. Prognosis
20–70% recur after curettage. Epidemiology
It is rare. The incidence is around 0.15 cases per one million per year. 80% occur in people age less than 20 years. It is second most common tumor of spine and most common benign tumor of pelvis in pediatric population. Males are affected as equally as females. Additional images
See also
Simple bone cyst (SBC)
Giant cell tumor of bone
Traumatic bone cyst

References


== External links ==
A twin study conducted by the Department of Psychology at Oslo University attempted to establish a correlation between genetics and Cluster B personality disorders. With a test sample of 221 twins, 92 monozygotic and 129 dizygotic, researchers interviewed the subjects using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II) and concluded that there was a correlation of 0.67 that histrionic personality disorder is hereditary. Psychoanalytic theory
Though criticised as being unsupported by scientific evidence, psychoanalytic theories incriminate authoritarian or distant attitudes by one (mainly the mother) or both parents, along with conditional love based on expectations the child can never fully meet. Using psychoanalysis, Freud believed that lustfulness was a projection of the patients lack of ability to love unconditionally and develop cognitively to maturity, and that such patients were overall emotionally shallow. He believed the reason for being unable to love could have resulted from a traumatic experience, such as the death of a close relative during childhood or divorce of ones parents, which gave the wrong impression of committed relationships. Exposure to one or multiple traumatic occurrences of a close friend or family members leaving (via abandonment or mortality) would make the person unable to form true and affectionate attachments towards other people. HPD and antisocial personality disorder
Another theory suggests a possible relationship between histrionic personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder.