Heparin increases the affinity of antithrombin to thrombin (as well as factor Xa). The direct thrombin inhibitors, a newer class of medication, directly inhibit thrombin by binding to its active site. Recombinant thrombin is available as a powder for reconstitution into aqueous solution. It can be applied topically during surgery, as an aid to hemostasis. It can be useful for controlling minor bleeding from capillaries and small venules, but ineffective and not indicated for massive or brisk arterial bleeding. Food production
Thrombin, combined with fibrinogen, is sold under the brand name Fibrimex for use as a binding agent for meat. Both proteins in Fibrimex derives from porcine or bovine blood. According to the manufacturer it can be used to produce new kinds of mixed meats (for example combining beef and fish seamlessly). The manufacturer also states that it can be used to combine whole muscle meat, form and portion these, thus cutting down on production costs without a loss in quality.General secretary Jan Bertoft of Swedish Consumers Association has stated that "there is danger of misleading the consumers since there is no way to tell this reconstituted meat from real meat". See also
Cerastocytin
Fibrin glue
Fibrinogen
PA clan of proteases
The Proteolysis Map
Thrombin generation assay

References
Further reading
External links
The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.217
Kujovich JL (February 2021). Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA,  et al. (eds.). "Prothrombin Thrombophilia". GeneReviews. Seattle WA: University of Washington, Seattle. PMID 20301327. NBK1148.
Anti-coagulation & proteases on YouTube by The Proteolysis Map-animation
[1] PMAP: The Proteolysis Map/Thrombin
Thrombin: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month Archived 2013-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
Prothrombin Structure
PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Thrombin. PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Mouse Thrombin.