Paintings depicting the disorder include the late works by American artist William Utermohlen, who drew self-portraits from 1995 to 2000 as an experiment of showing his disease through art. Research directions
Additional research on the lifestyle effect may provide insight into neuroimaging biomarkers and better understanding of the mechanisms causing both Alzheimers disease and early-onset AD. Treatment and prevention
There is ongoing research examining the role of specific medications in reducing the prevalence (primary prevention) and/or progression (secondary prevention) of Alzheimers disease. The research trials investigating medications generally impact Aβ plaques, inflammation, APOE, neurotransmitter receptors, neurogenesis, epigenetic regulators, growth factors and hormones. These studies have led to a better understanding of the disease, but none identified a prevention strategy. Experimental models are commonly used by researchers in order to understand disease mechanisms as well develop and test novel therapeutics aimed at treating Alzheimers disease. Antibodies are being developed that may have the ability to alter the disease course by targeting amyloid beta, such as donanemab and aducanumab. Aducanumab was approved by the FDA in 2021, but its use and effectiveness remain unclear and controversial. Although it received FDA approval, aducanumab failed to show effectiveness in people who already had Alzheimers symptoms. References
Further reading
External links

"Alzheimers Disease Research Timeline - Alzforum". www.alzforum.org. "Alzheimers Disease Brain Cell Atlas- brain-map.org". portal.brain-map.org. Alzheimers disease at Curlie
However, as the surveys Arab test persons were mainly recruited from a handful of large and closely related clans living in a particular village, said percentage should be considered with some reservation, according to Goodman et alia (1965). Cases of stub thumbs have also been found in Eastern Nepal for Jirel ethnic individuals from their participation in various epidemiologic studies. Some studies included taking radiographs of hands and wrists to examine their skeletal structure. Of the studied sample (which included 2,130 participants; 969 male and 1,161 female), 3.55% were found to have brachydactyly type D.

Terminology
The condition is known under numerous names. The most commonly used name is clubbed thumb, or club thumb. American researcher R.A. Hefner used the terms "short thumb" and "brachymegalodactylism" in 1924, and "short thumb" has continued to be used in a few other studies since then, including the study that defined Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome in 1963. "Stub thumb" is the common term preferred by the online database Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and was first used in a 1965 study. Stub thumbs have also been called murderers thumb (allegedly among fortune tellers), bohemian thumb, toe thumb, and potters thumb.The term "clubbed thumb" should not be confused with nail clubbing, which is a clinical sign associated with a number of diseases. == References ==