This occurs because of the electrolyte imbalance that is a result of the constant binge and purge process. The probability of a gastric rupture increases. A gastric rupture is when there is a sudden rupture of the stomach lining that can be fatal. The acids that are contained in the vomit can cause a rupture in the esophagus as well as tooth decay. As a result, to laxative abuse, irregular bowel movements may occur along with constipation. Sores along the lining of the stomach called peptic ulcers begin to appear and the chance of developing pancreatitis increases.Binge eating symptoms include high blood pressure, which can cause heart disease if it is not treated. Many patients recognize an increase in the levels of cholesterol. The chance of being diagnosed with gallbladder disease increases, which affects an individuals digestive tract. Risk of death
Eating disorders result in about 7,000 deaths a year as of 2010, making them the mental illnesses with the highest mortality rate. Anorexia has a risk of death that is increased about 5 fold with 20% of these deaths as a result of suicide. Rates of death in bulimia and other disorders are similar at about a 2 fold increase.The mortality rate for those with anorexia is 5.4 per 1000 individuals per year. Roughly 1.3 deaths were due to suicide. A person who is or had been in an inpatient setting had a rate of 4.6 deaths per 1000.
A biopsy of the retina and choroid layer may be performed. In affected liver, biopsy shows focal areas of necrosis and sinusoidal widening. H&E staining show extracellular frothy pink material. Typical cysts with a solid dark dot can be seen using a Grocott silver stain. Differential diagnosis
Pneumocystosis may appear similar to pulmonary embolism or adult respiratory distress syndrome. Other infections can present similarly such as tuberculosis, Legionella, and severe flu. Prevention
There is no vaccine that prevents pneumocystosis. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) might be prescribed for people at high risk. Treatment
Treatment is usually with co-trimoxazole. Other options include pentamidine, dapsone and atovaquone. Outcomes
It is fatal in 10-20% of people with HIV/AIDS. Pneumocystosis in people without HIV/AIDS is frequently diagnosed late and the death rate is therefore higher; 30-50%. Epidemiology
The exact number of people in the world affected is not known. Pneumocystosis affects lungs in around 97% of cases and is often fatal without treatment. History
The first cases of pneumocystosis affecting lungs were described in premature infants in Europe following the Second World War. It was then known as plasma cellular interstitial pneumonitis of the newborn.Pneumocystis jirovecii (previously called Pneumocystis carinii) is named for Otto Jírovec, who first described it in 1952. == References ==