It is said that Jenner made this discovery by himself, possibly without knowing previous accounts 20 years earlier. Although Jesty may have been the first to discover it, Jenner made vaccination widely accessible and has therefore been credited for its invention. Life Cycle
The genome for the CPXV is over 220kbp. This makes it the largest genome in the Orthopoxviral species. It can be divided into three different regions. There are two end regions called R1 and R2 and a main central region that is roughly half of the size of the genome. There are also inverted terminal repeats that are located at the terminal sites of the genome and measure around 10kbp. These inverted terminal repeats can then be divided into two more distinct regions. The first section is around 7.5kbp long and includes a coding region. The other section includes a terminal region that can be repeated up to as many times as thirty and is composed of 50 nucleotides. The CPXV genome encodes only 30-40% of products of which are involved in the pathogenesis of the virus. The CPXV genome has the most complete set of genes out of all of the orthopoxviruses. This unique feature of CPXV makes it ideal to be able to mutate into different strains of the virus. It is a double stranded DNA virus. The virus does have an envelope that surrounds the virion. The cowpoxs genome allows the virus to encode its own transcription machinery along with its own DNA replication machinery.
Abdominal guarding is the tensing of the abdominal wall muscles to guard inflamed organs within the abdomen from the pain of pressure upon them. The tensing is detected when the abdominal wall is pressed. Abdominal guarding is also known as défense musculaire. Guarding is a characteristic finding in the physical examination for an abruptly painful abdomen (an acute abdomen) with inflammation of the inner abdominal (peritoneal) surface due, for example, to appendicitis or diverticulitis. The tensed muscles of the abdominal wall automatically go into spasm to keep the tender underlying tissues from being disturbed. Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Appendicitis
Blunt force trauma to the abdomen
Bowel obstruction
Diverticulitis
Dyspepsia
Ectopic pregnancy
GERD
Ileus
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intussusception
Mesenteric ischemia
Nephrolithiasis
Ovarian cyst
Pancreatitis
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Perforated peptic ulcer disease
Pneumonia
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)
Urinary tract infection/pyelonephritis
Volvulus
Zoster
Skin lesions may not be visible until another day or two
Abdominal migraine
Abdominal wall strain/injury
Abscess (e.g. iliopsoas)
Hepatic or splenic contusion/laceration
Incarcerated hernia
Insect toxins (e.g.