Sodium thiosulfate (sodium thiosulphate) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na2S2O3.xH2O. Typically it is available as the white or colorless pentahydrate, Na2S2O3·5H2O. The solid is an efflorescent (loses water readily) crystalline substance that dissolves well in water.Sodium thiosulfate is used in gold mining, water treatment, analytical chemistry, the development of silver-based photographic film and prints, and medicine. The medical uses of sodium thiosulfate include treatment of cyanide poisoning and pityriasis. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines. Uses
Sodium thiosulfate is used predominantly in industry. For example, it is used to convert dyes to their soluble leuco form. It is also used to bleach "wool, cotton, silk, ...soaps, glues, clay, sand, bauxite, and... edible oils, edible fats, and gelatin." Medical uses
Sodium thiosulfate is used in the treatment of cyanide poisoning. Other uses include topical treatment of ringworm and tinea versicolor, and treating some side effects of hemodialysis and chemotherapy. Photographic processing
Silver halides, e.g., AgBr, typical components of photographic emulsions, dissolve upon treatment with aqueous thiosulfate.This application as a photographic fixer was discovered by John Herschel. It is used for both film and photographic paper processing; the sodium thiosulfate is known as a photographic fixer, and is often referred to as hypo, from the original chemical name, hyposulphite of soda. Ammonium thiosulfate is typically preferred to sodium thiosulfate for this application.
Sonidegib (INN), sold under the brand name Odomzo, is a medication used to treat cancer.Sonidegib is Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor (via smoothened antagonism). Approvals and indications
It was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in 2015It is indicated for the treatment of adults with locally advanced basal-cell carcinoma that has recurred following surgery or radiation therapy, or those who are not candidates for surgery or radiation therapy. Pharmacology
Sonidegib is administered by mouth. Common side effects include muscle spasms, hair loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, and weight loss.Sonidegib binds to and inhibits smoothened to inhibit activation of the Hedgehog pathway. Sonidegib is primarily metabolized by CYP3A and is eliminated hepatically. Development
It has been investigated as a potential treatment for:

Pancreatic cancer
Breast cancer
Basal cell carcinoma of the skin
Small cell lung cancer
Medulloblastoma
Advanced solid tumors (including ovarian, breast, pancreatic, stomach, oesophageal cancers and glioblastoma multiforme)
Acute leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia
Myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythaemiaIt has demonstrated significant efficacy against melanoma in vitro and in vivo. It also demonstrated efficacy in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. References
External links
"Sonidegib". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Sonidegib phosphate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.