Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used for a number of fungal infections. This includes candidiasis, blastomycosis, coccidiodomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, dermatophytosis, and pityriasis versicolor. It is also used to prevent candidiasis in those who are at high risk such as following organ transplantation, low birth weight babies, and those with low blood neutrophil counts. It is given either by mouth or by injection into a vein.Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and increased liver enzymes. Serious side effects may include liver problems, QT prolongation, and seizures. During pregnancy it may increase the risk of miscarriage while large doses may cause birth defects. Fluconazole is in the azole antifungal family of medication. It is believed to work by affecting the fungal cellular membrane.Fluconazole was patented in 1981 and came into commercial use in 1988. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines. Fluconazole is available as a generic medication. In 2019, it was the 133rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions. Medical uses
Fluconazole is a first-generation triazole antifungal medication. It differs from earlier azole antifungals (such as ketoconazole) in that its structure contains a triazole ring instead of an imidazole ring.
On fetal heart tracing (a linear recording of the fetal heart rate) this would usually look like moderate to severe variable decelerations. In overt cord prolapse, the cord can be seen or felt on the vulva or vagina.A majority of umbilical cord prolapse cases happen during the second stage of labor. Risk factors
Risk factors that are associated with umbilical cord prolapse tend to make it difficult for the baby from appropriately engaging and filling the maternal pelvis or are related to abnormalities of the umbilical cord. The two major categories of risk factors are spontaneous and iatrogenic (those that result from medical intervention). spontaneous factors:
fetal malpresentation: abnormal fetal lie tends to result in space below the baby in the maternal pelvis, which can then be occupied by the cord. polyhydramnios, or an abnormally high amount of amniotic fluid
prematurity: likely related to increased chance of malpresentation and relative polyhydramnios. low birth weight: usually described as <2500g at birth, though some studies will use <1500g. Cause is likely similar to those for prematurity. multiple gestation, or being pregnant with more than one baby at a given time: more likely to occur in the baby that is not born first. spontaneous rupture of membranes: about half of prolapses occur within 5 minutes of membrane rupture, two-thirds within 1 hour, 95% within 24 hours.