By 2014 over 300 zinc containing enzymes have been identified, as well as over 1000 zinc containing transcription factors.Phytate was recognized as removing zinc from nutrients given to chicken and swine in 1960. That it can cause human zinc deficiency however was not recognized until Reinholds work in Iran in the 1970s. This phenomenon is central to the high risk of zinc deficiency worldwide. Soils and crops
Soil zinc is an essential micronutrient for crops. Almost half of the worlds cereal crops are deficient in zinc, leading to poor crop yields. Many agricultural countries around the world are affected by zinc deficiency. In China, zinc deficiency occurs on around half of the agricultural soils, affecting mainly rice and maize. Areas with zinc deficient soils are often regions with widespread zinc deficiency in humans. A basic knowledge of the dynamics of zinc in soils, understanding of the uptake and transport of zinc in crops and characterizing the response of crops to zinc deficiency are essential steps in achieving sustainable solutions to the problem of zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Biofortification
Soil and foliar application of zinc fertilizer can effectively increase grain zinc and reduce the phytate:zinc ratio in grain. People who eat bread prepared from zinc enriched wheat have a significant increase in serum zinc.Zinc fertilization not only increases zinc content in zinc deficient crops, it also increases crop yields. Balanced crop nutrition supplying all essential nutrients, including zinc, is a cost effective management strategy.
It attained 100% of meropenem serum concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for at least 40% of the dosing interval. Side effects
The most common adverse reactions were headache, infusion site reactions and diarrhea. Serious risks include allergic reactions and seizures and Meropenem/vaborbactam should not be used in people with severe allergic reactions to penicillins. History
Rempex Pharmaceuticals developed the drug. It was designated as a "qualified infectious disease product" under the Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now (GAIN) title of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act and therefore received priority review. In August 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration approved it to treat complicated urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis. References
External links
"Meropenem mixture with vaborbactam". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.