Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum. Mild low potassium does not typically cause symptoms. Symptoms may include feeling tired, leg cramps, weakness, and constipation. Low potassium also increases the risk of an abnormal heart rhythm, which is often too slow and can cause cardiac arrest.Causes of hypokalemia include vomiting, diarrhea, medications like furosemide and steroids, dialysis, diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, hypomagnesemia, and not enough intake in the diet. Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels below 3.5 mmol/L defined as hypokalemia. It is classified as severe when levels are less than 2.5 mmol/L. Low levels may also be suspected based on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Hyperkalemia is a high level of potassium in the blood serum.The speed at which potassium should be replaced depends on whether or not there are symptoms or abnormalities on an electrocardiogram. Potassium levels that are only slightly below the normal range can be managed with changes in the diet. Lower levels of potassium require replacement with supplements either taken by mouth or given intravenously. If given intravenously, potassium is generally replaced at rates of less than 20 mmol/hour. Solutions containing high concentrations of potassium (>40 mmol/L) should generally be given using a central venous catheter. Magnesium replacement may also be required.Hypokalemia is one of the most common water–electrolyte imbalances. It affects about 20% of people admitted to hospital. The word hypokalemia comes from hypo- under +  kalium potassium + -emia blood condition.
Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome is characterized by abnormalities of the eyes, teeth, and facial structure. Rieger syndrome, by medical definition, is determined by the presence of malformed teeth, underdeveloped anterior segment of the eyes, and cardiac problems associated with the Axenfeld anomaly. The term "Rieger syndrome" is sometimes used to indicate an association with glaucoma. Glaucoma occurs in up to 50% of patients with Rieger syndrome. Glaucoma develops during adolescence or late childhood, but often occurs in infancy. In addition, a prominent Schwalbes line, an opaque ring around the cornea known as posterior embryotoxon, may arise with hypoplasia of the iris. Below average height and stature, stunted development of the mid-facial features and mental deficiencies may also be observed in patients. References
Further reading
Amendt, Brad A., ed. (2005). The Molecular Mechanisms of Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome. Medical Intelligence Unit. Springer. doi:10.1007/0-387-28672-1. ISBN 978-0-387-28672-3. Agarwal, Sunita; Agarwal, Athiya; Apple, David J., eds. (2002). "Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome". Textbook of Ophthalmology. Jaypee Brothers. pp. 1049–51. ISBN 978-81-7179-884-1. Shields, M.Bruce; Buckley, Edward; Klintworth, Gordon K.; Thresher, Randy (1985). "Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. A spectrum of developmental disorders". Survey of Ophthalmology. 29 (6): 387–409. doi:10.1016/0039-6257(85)90205-X. PMID 3892740. Alward, Wallace L.M. (2000). "Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome in the age of molecular genetics". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 130 (1): 107–15. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(00)00525-0. PMID 11004268. External links

Axenfeld Rieger syndrome at NIHs Office of Rare Diseases
Axenfeld Rieger anomaly with cardiac defects and sensorineural hearing loss at NIHs Office of Rare Diseases