People are admitted to the hospital for resuscitation with intravenous fluids, careful monitoring of laboratory tests, and optimization of their cardiovascular function. NG tube decompression and heparin anticoagulation may also be used to limit stress on the bowel and optimize perfusion, respectively.Surgical revascularisation remains the treatment of choice for intestinal  ischaemia related to an occlusion of the vessels supplying the bowel, but thrombolytic medical treatment and vascular interventional  radiological techniques have a growing role.If the ischemia has progressed to the point that the affected intestinal segments are gangrenous, a bowel resection of those segments is called for. Often, obviously dead segments are removed at the first operation, and a second-look operation is planned to assess segments that are borderline that may be savable after revascularization. Methods for revascularization
Open surgical thrombectomy
Intestinal bypass
Trans-femoral antegrade intestinal angioplasty and stenting
Open retrograde intestinal angioplasty stenting
Trans-catheter thrombolysis

Prognosis
The prognosis depends on prompt diagnosis (less than 12–24 hours and before gangrene) and the underlying cause:
venous thrombosis: 32% mortality
arterial embolism: 54% mortality
arterial thrombosis: 77% mortality
non-occlusive ischemia: 73% mortality.In the case of prompt diagnosis and therapy, acute intestinal ischemia can be reversible. History
Acute intestinal ischemia was first described in 1895 while chronic disease was first described in the 1940s. Chronic disease was initially known as angina abdominis. Terminology
The related term mesenteric ischemia generally defined as ischemia of the small bowel specifically. It has also been defined as poor circulation in the vessels supplying blood flow to any or several of the mesenteric organs, including the stomach, liver, colon and intestine.
Blood tests
In a series of 58 patients with intestinal ischemia due to mixed causes:
White blood cell count >10.5 in 98% (probably an overestimate as only tested in 81% of patients)
Lactic acid elevated 91% (probably an overestimate as only tested in 57% of patients)In very early or very extensive acute intestinal ischemia, elevated lactate and white blood cell count may not yet be present. In extensive mesenteric ischemia, bowel may be ischemic but separated from the blood flow such that the byproducts of ischemia are not yet circulating. During endoscopy
A number of devices have been used to assess the sufficiency of oxygen delivery to the colon. The earliest devices were based on tonometry, and required time to equilibrate and estimate the pHi, roughly an estimate of local CO2 levels. The first device approved by the U.S. FDA (in 2004) used visible light spectroscopy to analyze capillary oxygen levels. Use during aortic aneurysm repair detected when colon oxygen levels fell below sustainable levels, allowing real-time repair. In several studies, specificity has been 83% for chronic intestinal ischemia and 90% or higher for acute colonic ischemia, with a sensitivity of 71%-92%. This device must be placed using endoscopy, however.Findings on gastroscopy may include edematous gastric mucosa, and hyperperistalsis.Finding on colonoscopy may include: fragile mucosa, segmental erythema, longitudinal ulcer, and loss of haustrations

Plain X-ray
Plain X-rays are often normal or show non-specific findings. Computed tomography
Computed tomography (CT scan) is often used.