Subsequently, it has been approved by the European Commission for use in adults – that is, including male patients – for the same indication. References
External links
"Prucalopride". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Prucalopride succinate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Dural tear is a tear occurring in the dura mater of the brain. It is usually caused as a result of trauma or as a complication following surgery. Diagnosis
In case of head injury, a dural tear is likely in case of a depressed skull fracture. A burr hole is made through the normal skull near the fractured portion, and Adsons elevator is introduced. Underlying dura is separated carefully from the overlying depressed bone fragments. The dura that is now visible is carefully examined to exclude any dural tear. Treatment
The whole extent of the dural tear is exposed by removing the overlying skull. The ragged edges of the tear are excised. However, care should be taken not to excise too much dura as it may increase the chances for spread of infection into the subarachnoid space. Removing too much dura will also make it difficult to close the tear. If there is not much dural loss, interrupted sutures are made with non-absorbable material. In case of dural loss, the defect is closed using a transplant from fascia lata or pericranium given that there is not much contamination of the dura. In case of contamination, the defect is left alone and a primary suture is performed at a later date. If dural tear is associated with haemorrhage from dural vessels, they are coagulated using diathermy. This technique is preferred because the vessels are too small to be picked up by an artery forceps. Large vessels, if present, can be under-run with suture.