POLG encodes for the catalytic subunit pol γA, which is part of mitochondrial DNA polymerase.Other causes are mutations of thymidine phosphorylase (TyMP), succinate-CoA ligase, alpha sub unit (SUCLG1) and TWNK (also known as PEO1 and C10orf2). Diagnosis
MDDS is diagnosed based on systemic symptoms presenting in infants, followed by a clinical examination and laboratory tests (for example, high lactate levels are common) medical imaging, and usually is finally confirmed and formally identified by genetic testing. Classification
MDDS are a group of genetic disorders that share a common pathology — a lack of functioning DNA in mitochondria. There are generally four classes of MDDS:
a form that primarily affects muscle associated with mutations in the TK2 gene;
a form that primarily affects the brain and muscle associated with mutations in the genes SUCLA2, SUCLG1, or RRM2B;
a form that primarily affects the brain and the liver associated with mutations in DGUOK, MPV17, POLG, or TWNK (also called PEO1); and
a form that primarily affects the brain and the gastrointestinal tract associated with mutations in ECGF1 (also called TYMP). Treatment
There are no treatments for MDDS, but some of the symptoms can be managed. For survivors living with MDDS, there are drugs to control epilepsy, and physical therapy can help with muscle control. Liver transplants may benefit people with liver involvement. Prognosis
Myopathic form
The TK2 related myopathic form results in muscle weakness, rapidly progresses, leading to respiratory failure and death within a few years of onset. The most common cause of death is pulmonary infection. Only a few people have survived to late childhood and adolescence.
Desloratadine/pseudoephedrine, sold under the brand name Clarinex-D among others, is a medication used for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.Desloratadine/pseudoephedrine was approved for use in the United States in 2005 and in the European Union in July 2007. Medical uses
Desloratadine/pseudoephedrine is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis when accompanied by nasal congestion. References
Further reading
Anolik R (June 2009). "Desloratadine and pseudoephedrine combination therapy as a comprehensive treatment for allergic rhinitis and nasal congestion". Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 5 (6): 683–94. doi:10.1517/17425250902980187. PMID 19473112. S2CID 22633518. External links
"Desloratadine mixture with pseudoephedrine". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.