Structure
Structurally the platelet can be divided into four zones, from peripheral to innermost:
Peripheral zone – is rich in glycoproteins required for platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation. For example, GPIb/IX/V; GPVI; GPIIb/IIIa. Sol-gel zone – is rich in microtubules and microfilaments, allowing the platelets to maintain their discoid shape. Organelle zone – is rich in platelet granules. Alpha granules contain clotting mediators such as factor V, factor VIII, fibrinogen, fibronectin, platelet-derived growth factor, and chemotactic agents. Delta granules, or dense bodies, contain ADP, calcium and serotonin, which are platelet-activating mediators. Membranous zone – contains membranes derived from megakaryocyte smooth endoplasmic reticulum organized into a dense tubular system which is responsible for thromboxane A2 synthesis. This dense tubular system is connected to the surface platelet membrane to aid thromboxane A2 release. Development
Megakaryocyte and platelet production is regulated by thrombopoietin, a hormone produced in the kidneys and liver. Each megakaryocyte produces between 1,000 and 3,000 platelets during its lifetime. An average of 1011 platelets are produced daily in a healthy adult. Reserve platelets are stored in the spleen and are released when needed by splenic contraction induced by the sympathetic nervous system. The average life span of circulating platelets is 8 to 9 days. Life span of individual platelets is controlled by the internal apoptotic regulating pathway, which has a Bcl-xL timer. Old platelets are destroyed by phagocytosis in the spleen and liver. Hemostasis
An overview summarizing platelet dynamics, the complex process of converting inactive platelets into a platelet plug, is essential.
Elephantiasis is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling. It is characterised by edema, hypertrophy, and fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues, due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels. It may affect the genitalia. The term elephantiasis is often used in reference to (symptoms caused by) parasitic worm infections, but may refer to a variety of diseases where parts of a persons body swell to massive proportions. Cause
Some conditions that present with elephantiasis include:

Elephantiasis nostras, due to longstanding chronic lymphangitis
Elephantiasis tropica (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly Wuchereria bancrofti. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected. Nonfilarial elephantiasis (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels
Leishmaniasis
Elephantiasis, Grade 3 lymphedema which may occur in people with breast cancer
Genital elephantiasis, result of lymphogranuloma venereum
Proteus syndrome, a genetic disorder best known as the condition possibly experienced by Joseph Merrick, the so-called "Elephant Man. "Other causes may include:

Repeated streptococcal infection
Lymphadenectomy
Hereditary birth defects
Pretibial myxedema

References
External links

"Lymphatic filariasis". World Health Organization. Retrieved 1 June 2018.