Medical uses
Trospium chloride is used for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge incontinence and frequent urination.It shouldnt be used with people who retain urine, who have severe digestive conditions, myasthenia gravis, narrow-angle glaucoma, or tachyarrhythmia.It should be used in caution with people who have problems with their autonomous nervous system (dysautonomia) or who have gastroesophageal reflux disease, or in whom fast heart rates are undesirable, such as people with hyperthyroidism, coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure.Trospium chloride is rated Pregnancy Category C, as there are no adequate and well-controlled studies of trospium chloride in pregnant women and there were signs of harm to the fetus in animal studies. The drug was excreted somewhat in the milk of nursing mothers. The drug was studied in children. Side effects
Side effects are typical of gastrointestinal effects of anticholinergic drugs, and include dry mouth, indigestion, and constipation. These side effects lead to problems with adherence, especially for older people. The only CNS side effect is headache, which was very rare. Tachycardia is a rare side effect. Mechanism of action
Trospium chloride is a muscarinic antagonist. Trospium chloride blocks the effect of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors organs that are responsive to the compounds, including the bladder. Its parasympatholytic action relaxes the smooth muscle in the bladder. Receptor assays showed that trospium chloride  has negligible affinity for nicotinic receptors as compared to muscarinic receptors at concentrations obtained from therapeutic doses. Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration, less than 10% of the dose is absorbed.
Trospium chloride is used to treat overactive bladder.It has side effects typical of drugs like it, namely dry mouth, stomach upset, and constipation; these side effects cause problems with people taking their medicine as directed. However it doesnt cause central nervous system side effects like other drugs of its class. It is pregnancy category C and is excreted somewhat in breast milk.Chemically it is a quaternary ammonium cation which causes it to stay in periphery rather than crossing the blood-brain barrier. It works by causing the smooth muscle in the bladder to relax.It was patented in 1966 and approved for medical use in 1974. It was first approved in the US in 2004, and an extended release version with once-daily dosing was brought to market in 2007. It became generic in Europe in 2009 and in the US the first extended-release generic was approved in 2012.