In early 2016, the USPSTF released an updated recommendation for the screening of adolescents ages 12 to 18 years for major depressive disorder (MDD). Appropriate treatment and follow-up should be provided for adolescents who screen positive. Correlation between adolescent depression and adulthood obesity
According to research conducted by Laura P. Richardson et al., major depression occurred in 7% of the cohort during early adolescence (11, 13, and 15 years of age) and 27% during late adolescence (18 and 21 years of age). At 26 years of age, 12% of study members were obese. After adjusting for each individuals baseline body mass index (calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), depressed late-adolescent girls were at a greater than 2-fold increased risk for obesity in adulthood compared with their non-depressed female peers (relative risk, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.83). A dose-response relationship between the number of episodes of depression during adolescence and the risk for adult obesity was also observed in female subjects. The association was not observed for late adolescent boys or for early adolescent boys or girls. Correlation between child depression and adolescent cardiac risks
According to research by RM Carney et al., any history of child depression influences the occurrence of adolescent cardiac risk factors, even if individuals no longer suffer from depression. They are much more likely to develop heart disease as adults.
Air routes
The increase in air routes from Africa potentially increase the risk of introducing airport malaria. Aircraft
Mosquitoes have been found to be attracted to the illuminated cabins rather than to the baggage compartments. Diagnosis
Mild cases may be missed. Due to the absence of a travel history in a person with fever, malaria is not usually expected, resulting in delays in diagnosis. Before the diagnosis of airport malaria can be made, other methods of transmission need to be excluded including blood transfusion, shared needles, prior exposure in endemic regions, and transmission by local mosquitoes. History taking requires information on where the person lives and works, in addition to the distance from the airport. Epidemiology
Airport malaria is rare with most cases being reported sporadically and in the summer. It is not as well recognised as malaria in a person with a travel history to a place with endemic malaria. Europe
Between 1969 and 1999, Europe saw up to 89 people diagnosed with airport malaria. The frequent flights from Sub-saharan Africa resulted in Belgium, France and the Netherlands being at highest risk.In the UK, at least 14 people with airport malaria were reported between 1969 and 1999. In 1983, 12 out of 67 aircraft flying from tropical countries to Gatwick Airport, London, contained mosquitoes. In the same year, falciparum malaria was reported in two people living 10 km (6.2 mi) and 15 km (9.3 mi) from Gatwick Airport. It was deduced that an infected mosquito accompanied aircrew to a pub near Gatwick and infected its landlord.