Therapy also aims to reduce challenging behaviors and build upon strengths.Intensive, sustained special education programs and behavior therapy early in life can help children acquire self-care, communication, and job skills. Although evidence-based interventions for autistic children vary in their methods, many adopt a psychoeducational approach to enhancing cognitive, communication, and social skills while minimizing problem behaviors. While medications have not been found to help with core symptoms, they may be used for associated symptoms, such as irritability, inattention, or repetitive behavior patterns. Non-pharmacological interventions
Intensive, sustained special education or remedial education programs and behavior therapy early in life can help children acquire self-care, social, and job skills. Available approaches include applied behavior analysis, developmental models, structured teaching, speech and language therapy, social skills therapy, and occupational therapy. Among these approaches, interventions either treat autistic features comprehensively, or focus treatment on a specific area of deficit. Generally, when educating those with autism, specific tactics may be used to effectively relay information to these individuals. Using as much social interaction as possible is key in targeting the inhibition autistic individuals experience concerning person-to-person contact. Additionally, research has shown that employing semantic groupings, which involves assigning words to typical conceptual categories, can be beneficial in fostering learning.There has been increasing attention to the development of evidence-based interventions for autistic young children. Two theoretical frameworks outlined for early childhood intervention include applied behavioral analysis (ABA) and the developmental social-pragmatic model (DSP).
Post-encephalitic parkinsonism is a disease believed to be caused by a viral illness that triggers degeneration of the nerve cells in the substantia nigra. Overall, this degeneration leads to clinical parkinsonism. Historically, starting in 1917 an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, also called von Economos encephalitis or "sleepy-disease" occurred, possibly related to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic; however, even with the use of modern molecular diagnostic tests on appropriate corpses, no firm link between encephalitis lethargica with influenza has been made. Although parkinsonism was occasionally seen during the acute
encephalitic phase of encephalitis lethargica, it was often encountered in the post-encephalitic phase. The onset of post-encephalitic
parkinsonism can be delayed by several years from the resolution of encephalitis lethargica. The brain regions affected contain neurofibrillary tangles, similar to those seen in Alzheimers disease. Nevertheless, the senile plaques common in Alzheimers disease are not found. References
Evidente V, Gwinn K (1998). "Post-encephalitic parkinsonism". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 64 (1): 5. doi:10.1136/jnnp.64.1.5. PMC 2169890. PMID 9436719. == External links ==