The origin of stresses may be due to geometric constraints in the electrode or inhomogeneous plating of the ion. This phenomenon is very concerning as it may lead to electrode fracture and performance loss. Thus, mechanical properties are crucial to enable the development of new electrodes for long lasting batteries. A possible strategy for measuring the mechanical behavior of electrodes during operation is by using nanoindentation. The method is able to analyze how the stresses evolve during the electrochemical reactions, being a valuable tool in evaluating possible pathways for coupling mechanical behavior and electrochemistry. More than just affecting the electrode’s morphology, stresses are also able to impact electrochemical reactions. While the chemical driving forces are usually higher in magnitude than the mechanical energies, this is not true for Li-Ion Batteries. A study by Dr. Larché established a direct relation between the applied stress and the chemical potential of the electrode. Though it neglects multiple variables such as the variation of elastic constraints, it subtracts from the total chemical potential the elastic energy induced by the stress.
Skipping over a few mathematical steps the probability of electron transfer can be calculated (albeit quite difficult) using the following formula

With 
  
    
      
        J
      
    
    {\displaystyle J}
   being the electronic coupling constant describing the interaction between the two states (reactants and products) and 
  
    
      
        g
        (
        t
        )
      
    
    {\displaystyle g(t)}
   being the line shape function. Taking the classical limit of this expression, meaning 
  
    
      
        ℏ
        ω
        ≪
        k
        T
      
    
    {\displaystyle \hbar \omega \ll kT}
  , and making some substitution an expression is obtained very similar to the classically derived formula, as expected.