While virtually all cases of NF and variants have had excellent prognoses, the two cases of individuals with an USP6-PPP6R3 fusion gene in their NF tumor cells had less favorable prognoses: their tumors were locally invasive, repeatedly relapsed after surgical removal, and grew progressively larger over 2 and 10 years of observations. Treatment
Some cases of NF have regressed after being partially biopsied suggesting that a watchful waiting approach may be appropriate after biopsy in some cases of these tumors. In all events, the most common and generally accepted first-line treatment for most cases of NF, craniofacial fasciitis, and intravascular fasciitis tumors is surgical removal. In almost all cases this removal is curative, i.e. tumor recurrences are uncommon, even in cases where the tumor is only partially removed. Furthermore, tumor recurrences are typically cured by simple re-excisions. NF cases have also been successfully treated with corticosteroid drugs (e.g. triamcinolone) injected directly into the tumor; this treatment has been most often used for patients with recurrent tumors. Some studies, however, have suggested reevaluating the diagnosis in recurrent NF tumors to ensure the diagnosis is correct. Surgical and corticosteroid interventions may need to be performed promptly in order to avoid expansion of a cranial tumor into the skulls interior or an intravascular fasciitis tumor from compromising blood flood flow. Prognosis
Two cases of NF in which their tumor cells expressed a USP6-PPP6R3 fusion gene had highly aggressive, locally invasive, repeatedly recurrent (after surgical removal), and progressively enlarging tumors over 2 and ten years. One case developed multiple metastases (i.e.
Lactitol is a sugar alcohol used as a replacement bulk sweetener for low calorie foods with 30–40% of the sweetness of sucrose. It is also used medically as a laxative. Lactitol is produced by two manufacturers, Danisco and Purac Biochem. Applications
Lactitol is used in a variety of low food energy or low fat foods. High stability makes it popular for baking. It is used in sugar-free candies, cookies (biscuits), chocolate, and ice cream, with a sweetness of 30–40% that of sucrose. Lactitol also promotes colon health as a prebiotic. Because of poor absorption, lactitol only has 2–2.5 kilocalories (8.4–10.5 kilojoules) per gram, compared to 4 kilocalories (17 kJ) per gram for typical saccharides. Hence, lactitol is about 60% as caloric as typical saccharides. Medical
Lactitol is listed as an excipient in some prescription drugs.Lactitol is a laxative and is used to prevent or treat constipation, e.g., under the trade name Importal.In February 2020, Lactitol was approved for use in the United States as an osmotic laxative for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) in adults.Lactitol in combination with Ispaghula husk is an approved combination for idiopathic constipation as a laxative and is used to prevent or treat constipation. Safety and health
Lactitol, erythritol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, and maltitol are all sugar alcohols. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies sugar alcohols as "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS). They are approved as food additives, and are recognized as not contributing to tooth decay or causing increases in blood glucose.