The committee found that under an intention-to-treat analysis, the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine might have had no efficacy, agreed with the authors of the December 2016 report that it probably had some efficacy, but found statements that it had substantial or 100% efficacy to be unsupportable.In April 2019, following a large-scale ring-vaccination scheme in the DRC outbreak, preliminary results showed that the vaccine had been 97.5% effective at stopping Ebola transmission, relative to no vaccination.In September 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted Mercks Biologics License Application and granted priority review for the vaccine.In October 2019, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommended granting conditional marketing authorization for the rVSV-ZEBOV-GP vaccine.In November 2019, the European Commission granted a conditional marketing authorization to Ervebo and the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified an Ebola vaccine for the first time, indicating that the vaccine met WHO standards for quality, safety and efficacy, and allowing UN agencies and GAVI to procure vaccine for distributions.In December 2019, Ervebo was approved for use in the United States.The approval of Ervebo was supported by a study conducted in Guinea during the 2014-2016 outbreak in individuals 18 years of age and older. The study was a randomized cluster (ring) vaccination study in which 3,537 contacts, and contacts of contacts, of individuals with laboratory-confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD) received either "immediate" or 21-day "delayed" vaccination with Ervebo.
Butoconazole (trade names Gynazole-1, Mycelex-3) is an imidazole antifungal used in gynecology. It is administered as a vaginal cream. Synthesis
Reaction of epichlorohydrin with 4-Chlorobenzyl magnesium bromide leads to 1-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)butan-2-ol (3). Displacement with sodium imidazole, conversion of the secondary alcohol to the chloride (SOCl2), and displacement with 2,6-dichlorobenzenethiol concludes the synthesis of the antifungal butoconazole. References
External links
"Butoconazole". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.