In addition, mitotane has direct and selective cytotoxic effects on the adrenal cortex, via an unknown mechanism, and thereby induces permanent adrenal atrophy similarly to DDD. Chemistry
Analogues of mitotane include aminoglutethimide, amphenone B, and metyrapone. History
Mitotane was introduced in 1960 for the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma. Society and culture
Generic names
Mitotane is the generic name of the drug and its INN, USAN, BAN, and JAN. Brand names
Mitotane has been sold under the brand name Lysodren. Veterinary use
Mitotane is also used to treat Cushings disease (pituitary-dependent Cushings syndrome) in dogs. The medication is used in the controlled destruction of adrenal tissue, leading to a decrease in cortisol production. References
External links
V. P. Komissarenko; I. S. Chelnakova; A. S. Mikosha (1978). "Effect of o,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane and perthane in vitro on glutathione reductase activity in the adrenals of dogs and guinea pigs". Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 85 (2): 152–154. doi:10.1007/BF00800110. S2CID 23181221. Government of Canada: Benzene, 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]- (Mitotane)
Environment Canada & Health Canada: RISK MANAGEMENT SCOPE for Benzene, 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]- (Mitotane), 2013
Endoscopic means can be used to secure a diagnosis although this may cause a perforation of the inflamed diverticular area. CT scanning is the more common method to diagnose diverticulitis. The scan will show mesenteric stranding in the involved segment of edematous colon which is usually in the sigmoid region. Micro perforations with free air may be seen.Ulcerative colitis or Crohns disease may cause colonic obstruction. The obstruction may be acute or chronic after years of uncontrolled disease leads to the formation of strictures and fistulas. The medical history is helpful in that most cases of inflammatory bowel disease are well known to both patient and doctor. Other rare syndromes, including Ogilvies syndrome, chronic constipation and impaction may cause a pseudo obstruction. Abdominal x-ray – tire-like shadow arising from right iliac fossa and passing to left
Upper GI series

Treatment
Sigmoid
Treatment for sigmoid volvulus may include sigmoidoscopy. If the mucosa of the sigmoid looks normal and pink, a rectal tube for decompression may be placed, and any fluid, electrolyte, cardiac, kidney or pulmonary abnormalities should be corrected. The affected person should then be taken to the operating room for surgical repair. If surgery is not performed, there is a high rate of recurrence.For people with signs of sepsis or an abdominal catastrophe, immediate surgery and resection are advised. Cecal
In a cecal volvulus, the cecum may be returned to a normal position and sutured in place, a procedure known as cecopexy.