In the United States, as of 2014, more than 25,000 overdoses have been reversed. Programs training police and fire personnel in opioid overdose response using naloxone have also shown promise. Programs have been developed in cities, such as San Francisco, to increase community awareness and engagement in prevention of opioid overdose. Epidemiology
In 2016, the World Health Organization estimates 34 million people used opioids and 19 million used opiates. Of these, about 27 million people had opioid dependence, with the majority—but a decreasing number—using illicit heroin. In 2015, 118,000 people died from opioid use disorders, causing almost one third of all drug related deaths. United States
Of the 70,200 overdose deaths in the US in 2017, opioids were involved in 47,600 with three male deaths for each female death. This is an increase from 2016 where over 64,000 died from drug overdose, and opioids were involved in over 42,000. In 2017, the five states with the highest rates of death due to drug overdose were West Virginia (57.8 per 100,000), Ohio (46.3 per 100,000), Pennsylvania (44.3 per 100,000), Kentucky (37.2 per 100,000), and New Hampshire (37.0 per 100,000).Concerning the 2017 data in the charts below, deaths from the various drugs add up to more than 70,200 because multiple drugs are involved in many of the deaths. According to the National Safety Council, the lifetime odds of dying from an overdose in the United States is 1 in 96.
In clinical studies and postmarketing reports, the side effects seen in 1% or more of the patients were as follows:

Gastrointestinal system: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
Central nervous system: headache
Whole body: fever, phlebitis or thrombophlebitis, complications at the intravenous cannulation site (e.g. induration), unspecified pain, flu-like syndrome, myalgia, chills, and paresthesia
Respiratory: dyspnea
Renal: increased plasma creatinine
Hematological: anemia
Electrolytes: hypokalemia
Liver: increased liver enzymes (asymptomatic)
Hypersensitivity: rash, facial edema, pruritus
Other: tachycardiaAdditionally, infrequent cases of symptomatic liver damage, peripheral edema and swelling, and hypercalcemia have been seen. One case of anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) has also been noted. Resistance
Resistance in C. albicans has been described, but is currently still rare. The mechanism is probably a point mutation in the (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthase gene. Drug interactions
Cyclosporin: see under hepatic effects
Tacrolimus: potential pharmacokinetic interactions
Other systemic antimycotic agents: with amphotericin B, itraconazole and mycophenolate, no interactions have been seen
Inducers of drug clearance (e.g. carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin, dexamethasone): consider 70 mg intravenous as maintenance dose instead of 50 mg

Duration of treatment
The mean duration of therapy in previous studies was 34 days. Some patients were even healed by a one-day treatment. However, a few patients were treated for as long as 162 days and tolerated the drug well, indicating that longtime use may be indicated and tolerated favourably in complicated cases of aspergillosis. Generally, the duration of treatment is dictated by the severity of the disease, the clinical response, and the improvement of immunocompetence in immunocompromised patients. Dosage
An initial dose of 70 mg by intravenous infusion is given followed by 50 mg intravenous daily.