Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a disorder arising from a problem in the inner ear. Symptoms are repeated, brief periods of vertigo with movement, characterized by a spinning sensation upon changes in the position of the head. This can occur with turning in bed or changing position. Each episode of vertigo typically lasts less than one minute. Nausea is commonly associated. BPPV is one of the most common causes of vertigo.BPPV is a type of balance disorder along with labyrinthitis and Ménières disease. It can result from a head injury or simply occur among those who are older. Often, a specific cause is not identified. When found, the underlying mechanism typically involves a small calcified otolith moving around loose in the inner ear. Diagnosis is typically made when the Dix–Hallpike test results in nystagmus (a specific movement pattern of the eyes) and other possible causes have been ruled out. In typical cases, medical imaging is not needed.BPPV is easily treated with a number of simple movements such as the Epley maneuver ( in case of diagonal/rotational nystagmus ), the Lempert maneuver ( in case of horizontal nystagmus ), the deep head hanging maneuver ( in case of vertical nystagmus ) or sometimes the less effective Brandt–Daroff exercises. Medications, including antihistamines such as meclizine, may be used to help with nausea. There is tentative evidence that betahistine may help with vertigo, but its use is not generally needed.
Chignon can mean:

Chignon (hairstyle), a hairstyle with the hair in a "bun"
Chignon (medical term), a temporary swelling left on an infants head after delivery by a ventouse suction cap

See also
Chingon (disambiguation)