Results are found through testing a small amount of blood gathered through a heel prick of the infant. As not all states require that this test be done, it is often skipped in those where such testing is not required. Biotinidase deficiency can also be found by sequencing the BTD gene, particularly in those with a family history or known familial gene mutation. Treatment
Treatment is possible but unless continued daily, problems may arise. Currently, this is done through supplementation of 5–10 mg of oral biotin a day. If symptoms have begun to show, standard treatments can take care of them, such as hearing aids for poor hearing. Epidemiology
Based on the results of worldwide screening of biotinidase deficiency in 1991, the incidence of the disorder is:
5 in 137,401 for profound biotinidase deficiency

One in 109,921 for partial biotinidase deficiency
One in 61,067 for the combined incidence of profound and partial biotinidase deficiency
Carrier frequency in the general population is approximately one in 120. See also
Biotin
Biotin deficiency
Multiple carboxylase deficiency
Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency

References
Further reading
Dobrowolski, Steven F.; Angeletti, Janine; Banas, Richard A.; Naylor, Edwin W. (2003). "Real time PCR assays to detect common mutations in the biotinidase gene and application of mutational analysis to newborn screening for biotinidase deficiency". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 78 (2): 100–7. doi:10.1016/S1096-7192(02)00231-7. PMID 12618081. McMahon, Robert J. (2002). "Biotin in metabolism and molecular biology". Annual Review of Nutrition. 22: 221–39. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.121101.112819. PMID 12055344. C. Neto, E.; Schulte, J.; Rubim, R.; Lewis, E.; Demari, J.; Castilhos, C.; Brites, A.; Giugliani, R.;  et al. (2004).
"Newborn screening for biotinidase deficiency in Brazil: biochemical and molecular characterizations". Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 37 (3): 295–9. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X2004000300001. PMID 15060693. Weber, Peter; Scholl, Sabine; Baumgartner, E Regula (2007). "Outcome in patients with profound biotinidase deficiency: relevance of newborn screening". Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 46 (7): 481–4. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2004.tb00509.x. PMID 15230462. Wolf, Barry (2003). "Biotinidase deficiency: New directions and practical concerns". Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 5 (4): 321–8. doi:10.1007/s11940-003-0038-4. PMID 12791199. S2CID 25158348. External links
OMIM entries on Biotinidasa deficiency

 This article incorporates public domain material from Genetics Home Reference. United States National Library of Medicine.