Women with Turner syndrome who do not have spontaneous puberty and who are not treated with estrogen are at high risk for osteoporosis and heart conditions. Modern reproductive technologies have also been used to help women with Turner syndrome become pregnant if they desire. For example, a donor egg can be used to create an embryo, which is carried by the Turner syndrome woman. Uterine maturity is positively associated with years of estrogen use, history of spontaneous menarche, and negatively associated with the lack of current hormone replacement therapy. Epidemiology
Turner syndrome occurs in between one in 2000 and one in 5000 females at birth.Approximately 99 percent of fetuses with Turner syndrome spontaneously terminate during the first trimester. Turner syndrome accounts for about 10 percent of the total number of spontaneous abortions in the United States. History
The syndrome is named after Henry Turner, an endocrinologist from Illinois, who described it in 1938. In Europe, it is often called Ullrich–Turner syndrome or Bonnevie–Ullrich–Turner syndrome to acknowledge that earlier cases had also been described by European doctors Kristine Bonnevie and Otto Ullrich.
"Cyclosporine A treatment for Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy: a cellular study of mitochondrial dysfunction and its rescue" (PDF). Brain. 132 (1): 147–155. doi:10.1093/brain/awn289. PMID 19015158. Retrieved 12 May 2016. == External links ==