Gene conversion occurs when the intact SBDS gene and its pseudogene copy aberrantly recombine at meiosis, leading to an incorporation of pseudogene-like sequences into the otherwise functional copy of the SBDS gene, thereby inactivating it.Two gene conversion mutations predominate in SDS patients. One is a splice site mutation affecting the 5 splice site of intron two, while the second is an exon two nonsense mutation. The marked absence of patients homozygous for the otherwise common nonsense mutation suggested that the SBDS gene is essential. Consistent with this, knockout of the mouse gene leads to early embryonic lethality. This, in turn, suggests that the common splice site mutation seen in patients may be hypomorphic, i.e. that it results in only a partial loss of function, whereas the complete loss of SBDS function is likely to be lethal. Mechanisms
The SBDS gene is expressed in all tissues and encodes a protein of 250 amino acid residues. A great deal of indirect evidence suggested that the SBDS protein may be involved in an aspect of cellular RNA metabolism or ribosome assembly or function. The wide occurrence of the gene in all archaea and eukaryotes supported a role for this protein in a very fundamental and evolutionarily conserved aspect of cellular biology. The homologous genes in archaea also tend to be present in conserved cluster enriched for RNA processing and ribosomal genes. A specific function for SBDS in RNA metabolism or ribosome assembly or function is further supported by its localization to the nucleolus, the nuclear subdomain where these processes occur.
APP tends to occur in women more frequently than in men, and is usually less severe than other forms of generalized pustular psoriasis such as impetigo herpetiformis. This form of psoriasis is characterized by ring-shaped plaques with pustules around the edges and yellow crusting. APP most often affects the torso, neck, arms, and legs. Diagnosis
Classification
Pustular psoriasis is classified into two major forms: localized and generalized pustular psoriasis. Within these two categories there are several variants:

Management
injection of methotrexate

References


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