Other factors that may lengthen recovery time after mTBI include psychological problems such as substance abuse or clinical depression, poor health before the injury or additional injuries sustained during it, and life stress. Longer periods of amnesia or loss of consciousness immediately after the injury may indicate longer recovery times from residual symptoms. Other strong factors include participation in a contact sport and body mass size. Pediatric concussion
Most children recovery completely from concussion in less than four weeks, however 15–30% of youth may experience symptoms that last longer than a month. People aged 65+ with concussion
Mild traumatic brain injury recovery time in people over age 65 may have increased complications due to elevated health concerns, or comorbidities. This often results in longer hospitalization duration, poorer cognitive outcomes, and higher mortality rates. Repeat concussion
For unknown reasons, having had one concussion significantly increases a persons risk of having another. Having previously sustained a sports concussion has been found to be a strong factor increasing the likelihood of a concussion in the future. People who have had a concussion seem more susceptible to another one, particularly if the new injury occurs before symptoms from the previous concussion have completely gone away. It is also a negative process if smaller impacts cause the same symptom severity. Repeated concussions may increase a persons risk in later life for dementia, Parkinsons disease, and depression. Post-concussion syndrome
In post-concussion syndrome, symptoms do not resolve for weeks, months, or years after a concussion, and may occasionally be permanent.
Depending on the location of the exostoses they cause numerous complications such as compression of the spinal cord, asymmetric growth of the limbs and reduced mobility.Langer–Giedion syndrome initially causes joint hypermobility. This progresses to joint stiffness later in life when osteochondromas begin to develop, typically between infancy and mid-childhood, which decreases mobility. Hip dysplasia may be present, usually developing in early adulthood although it can occur in infancy or childhood. Skin, hair, sweat glands and nails
Ectodermal dysplasia is a key feature of Langer–Giedion syndrome.The majority of individuals with Langer–Giedion syndrome have sparse scalp hair; this is particularly severe in males, who often experience alopecia shortly after puberty. Despite this the eyebrows may be unusually thick. Cause
The syndrome occurs when a small piece of chromosome 8s long arm, which contains a number of genes, is missing. The loss of these genes is responsible for some of the overall characteristics of Langer–Giedion syndrome.The missing portion of the chromosome is 8q23.2–q24.1. This region includes the genes TRPS1 and EXT1. Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and can be confirmed by cytogenetic testing, when the deletion is in an average of 5 Mb (millions of base pairs). Nowadays, it is a common practice to run an aCGH (array chromosome hybridization genome) study on peripheral blood of the patient, in order to delineate the extent of the loss of the genomic area, and the deleted genes. Treatment
While no genetic syndrome is capable of being cured, treatments are available for some symptoms. External fixators have been used for limbic and facial reconstructions.