Beta blockers work via multiple mechanisms including narrowing the hemangiomas blood vessels, stopping them from proliferating and bringing forward their natural cell death. These correspond with hemangiomas fading and shrinking. Approximately 97% of hemangiomas respond to propanolol, with patients under 2 months old showing the greatest improvement. Topical beta blockers such as timolol. They are most helpful for thin superficial hemangiomas. These should not be used in conjunction with oral beta blockers given systemic absorption of topical timolol is known to occur
Corticosteroids
Laser surgery
Physiotherapy for muscular skeletal pain management. == References ==
Both fluoroscopy and MRI assess the pelvic floor at rest and during maximum strain using coronal and sagittal views.When grading individual organ prolapse for severity, the rectum, bladder and uterus are individually assessed. Prolapse of the rectum is referred to as a rectocele, bladder prolapse through the anterior vaginal wall is called a cystocele, and prolapse of the small bowel is an enterocele. To assess the degree of dysfunction, three measurements are taken into account. First, an anatomic landmark known as the pubococcygeal line must be determined, which is a straight line connecting the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis at the midline with the junction of the first and second coccygeal elements on a sagittal image. After this, the location of the Puborectalis muscle sling is assessed, and a perpendicular line between the pubococcygeal line and muscle sling is drawn. This line provides a reference point for the measurement of pelvic floor descent. Descent greater than 2 cm below this line is considered mild and descent greater than 6 cm is considered severe. Lastly, a line from the pubic symphysis to the puborectalis muscle sling is drawn, which is a measurement of the pelvic floor hiatus. Measurements greater than 6 cm are considered mild, and greater than 10 cm severe. The degree of organ prolapse is assessed relative to the hiatus. The grading for organ prolapse relative to the hiatus is more strict.