Stress
Recent research indicates prolonged chronic stress can contribute to metabolic syndrome by disrupting the hormonal balance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis). A dysfunctional HPA-axis causes high cortisol levels to circulate, which results in raising glucose and insulin levels, which in turn cause insulin-mediated effects on adipose tissue, ultimately promoting visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension, with direct effects on the bone, causing "low turnover" osteoporosis. HPA-axis dysfunction may explain the reported risk indication of abdominal obesity to cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes and stroke. Psychosocial stress is also linked to heart disease. Obesity
Central obesity is a key feature of the syndrome, being both a sign and a cause, in that the increasing adiposity often reflected in high waist circumference may both result from and contribute to insulin resistance. However, despite the importance of obesity, affected people who are of normal weight may also be insulin-resistant and have the syndrome. Sedentary lifestyle
Physical inactivity is a predictor of CVD events and related mortality. Many components of metabolic syndrome are associated with a sedentary lifestyle, including increased adipose tissue (predominantly central); reduced HDL cholesterol; and a trend toward increased triglycerides, blood pressure, and glucose in the genetically susceptible. Compared with individuals who watched television or videos or used their computers for less than one hour daily, those who carried out these behaviors for greater than four hours daily have a twofold increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Aging
Metabolic syndrome affects 60% of the U.S. population older than age 50.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe that are dependent on the amount of caffeine consumed daily. Tests are still being done to get a better understanding of the effects that occur to someone when they become dependent on different forms of caffeine to make it through the day. Adults
Caffeine is consumed by many each day and from this a dependence is formed. For the most part caffeine consumption is safe, but consuming over 400 mg of caffeine has shown adverse physiological and psychological effects; especially in people that have pre-existing conditions. When adults form a dependence on caffeine, it can cause a range of health problems such as headaches, insomnia, dizziness, cardiac issues, hypertension and others. When an adult is dependent on this substance, they must consume a certain amount of caffeine every day to avoid these effects. Pregnancy
If pregnant, it is recommended not to consume over 200 mg of caffeine a day (depending on size of person). If a pregnant female consumes high levels of caffeine, it can result in low birth weights due to loss of blood flow to the placenta which could lead to an increase health problems later in that childs life. It can also result in premature labor, reduced fertility, and other reproductive issues. If a female is depended on an excessive amount of caffeine to get them through the day, it is recommended to talk to their healthcare provider to either eliminate the dependency of caffeine or to become less dependent on it.