Measurements of lactate, cytokines, albumin and other proteins, urea, blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, insulin, and blood sugar, adequate hydration, constant monitoring of vital signs, good communication within and between facilities and staff, and adequate staffing, training, and charting are important in MODS, as in any serious illness.In patients with sepsis, septic shock, or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome that is due to major trauma, the rs1800625 polymorphism is a functional single nucleotide polymorphism, a part of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) transmembrane receptor gene (of the immunoglobulin superfamily) and confers host susceptibility to sepsis and MODS in these patients. History
For many years, some patients were loosely classified as having sepsis or the sepsis syndrome. In more recent years, these concepts have been refined – so that there are specific definitions of sepsis – and two new concepts have been developed: the SIRS and MODS. References
Further reading
The ICU Book by Marino
Cecil Textbook of Medicine
The Oxford Textbook of Medicine
Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine


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Monofixation syndrome (MFS) (also: microtropia or microstrabismus) is an eye condition defined by less-than-perfect binocular vision. It is defined by a small angle deviation with suppression of the deviated eye and the presence of binocular peripheral fusion. That is, MFS implies peripheral fusion without central fusion. Aside the manifest small-angle deviation ("tropia"), subjects with MFS often also have a large-angle latent deviation (phoria). Their stereoacuity is often in the range of 3000 to 70 arcsecond, and a small central suppression scotoma of 2 to 5 deg.A rare condition, MFS is estimated to affect only 1% of the general population. There are three distinguishable forms of this condition:  primary constant, primary decompensating and consecutive MFS. It is believed that primary MFS is a result of a primary sensorial defect, predisposing to anomalous retinal correspondence.Secondary MFS is a frequent outcome of surgical treatment of congenital esotropia. A study of 1981 showed MFS to result in the vast majority of cases if surgical alignment is reached before the age of 24 months and only in a minority of cases if it is reached later.MFS was first described by Marshall Parks. References


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