Cerebral vasculitis (sometimes the word angiitis is used instead of "vasculitis") is vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessel wall) involving the brain and occasionally the spinal cord. It affects all of the vessels: very small blood vessels (capillaries), medium-size blood vessels (arterioles and venules), or large blood vessels (arteries and veins). If blood flow in a vessel with vasculitis is reduced or stopped, the parts of the body that receive blood from that vessel begins to die. It may produce a wide range of neurological symptoms, such as headache, skin rashes, feeling very tired, joint pains, difficulty moving or coordinating part of the body, changes in sensation, and alterations in perception, thought or behavior, as well as the phenomena of a mass lesion in the brain leading to coma and herniation. Some of its signs and symptoms may resemble multiple sclerosis. 10% have associated bleeding in the brain. Causes
"Primary" angiitis/vasculitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is said to be present if there is no underlying cause. The exact mechanism of the primary disease is unknown, but the fundamental mechanism of all vasculitides is autoimmunity. Other possible secondary causes of cerebral vasculitis are infections, systemic auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis, medications and drugs (amphetamine, cocaine and heroin), some forms of cancer (lymphomas, leukemia and lung cancer) and other forms of systemic vasculitis such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis, polyarteritis nodosa or Behçets disease.
Diagnostic criteria
Three or more of the following five criteria must be met:

Age 50 years or more
New developed headache
Tenderness of the superficial temporal artery
Elevated sedimentation rate, at least 50 mm/hour (blood test that reveals inflammatory activity)
Giant cell arteritis in a biopsy specimen from the temporal artery

Takayasus arteritis
Symptoms
Starts with nonspecific symptoms such as:

Localized joint pain
Fever
Fatigue
Headaches
Rashes
Weight loss
Diagnosis usually does not happen until the blockage causes deficient blood flow to the extremities or to a stroke. Classification criteria
Three or more of the following six criteria must be met:

Age when disease starts is under 50
Decreased brachial artery pulse
Systolic blood pressure differs by more than 10mmHg between arms
Cramping caused by exercise in the extremities
Abnormal sounds (through stethoscope) over subclavian arteries or abdominal aorta
A narrowing or blockage in the aorta, its primary branches, or large arteries as seen through a radiograph of the arteries.