Lisinopril is part of the ACE inhibitors drug class. Compared to other drugs within the same class such as captopril and enalapril, lisinopril has a longer duration of action. FDA-approved Indications:
Lisinopril is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to manage hypertension in adult and pediatric patients six years and older. as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of heart failure. It is recommended as a treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) within 24 hours in hemodynamically stable patients to improve survival.The lisinopril is started at 5 or 10 mg and titrated upwards to 40 mg once daily maximum. The usual effective maintenance dosage is 20mg administered in a single daily dose.A review concluded that lisinopril was effective for treatment of proteinuric kidney disease, including diabetic proteinuria.In people of sub-Saharan African descent, calcium-channel blockers or thiazide diuretics may more effectively lower blood pressure than ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril, although convincing evidence is lacking that these drugs differ in their effect on morbidity or mortality in such persons. Kidney problems
In patients with moderate to severe kidney disease, lisinopril and other ACE inhibitors are superior to angiotensin II receptor blockers and other antihypertensive drugs for prevention of death, fatal cardiac events, and kidney injury. Dose reduction may be required when creatinine clearance is less than or equal to 30mL/min. Since lisinopril is removed by dialysis, dosing changes must also be considered for people on dialysis.
Difficulty swallowing or breathing (signs of angioedema), allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
Hyperkalemia (2.2% in adult clinical trials)
Fatigue (1% or more)
Diarrhea (1% or more)
Some severe skin reactions have been reported rarely, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens–Johnson syndrome; causal relationship has not been established.People taking lisinopril for the treatment of myocardial infarction may experience the following side effects:
Hypotension (5.3%)
Kidney dysfunction (1.3%)People taking lisinopril for the treatment of heart failure may experience the following side effects:
Hypotension (3.8%)
Dizziness (12% at low dose – 19% at high dose)
Chest pain (2.1%)
Fainting (5–7%)
Hyperkalemia (3.5% at low dose – 6.4% at high dose)
Difficulty swallowing or breathing (signs of angioedema), allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
Fatigue (1% or more)
Diarrhea (1% or more)
Some severe skin reactions have been reported rarely, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens–Johnson syndrome; a causal relationship has not been established. Agranulocytosis

Overdose
In one reported overdose, the half-life of lisinopril was prolonged to 14.9 hours. The case report of the event estimates that the individual consumed between 420 and 500 mg of lisinopril and survived. In cases of overdosage, it can be removed from circulation by dialysis. Interactions
Dental care
ACE-inhibitors like lisinopril are considered to be generally safe for people undergoing routine dental care, though the use of lisinopril prior to dental surgery is more controversial, with some dentists recommending discontinuation the morning of the procedure. People may present to dental care suspicious of an infected tooth, but the swelling around the mouth may be due to lisinopril-induced angioedema, prompting emergency and medical referral. Pharmacology
Lisinopril is the lysine-analog of enalapril.