The 19th century saw the rise of targeted surgery for the treatment of epileptic seizures, beginning in 1886 with localized resections performed by Sir Victor Horsley, a neurosurgeon in London. Another advancement was that of the development by the Montreal procedure by Canadian neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield, which involved use of electrical stimulation among conscious patients to more accurately identify and resect the epileptic areas in the brain. Society and culture
Economics
Seizures result in direct economic costs of about one billion dollars in the United States. Epilepsy results in economic costs in Europe of around €15.5 billion in 2004. In India, epilepsy is estimated to result in costs of US$1.7 billion or 0.5% of the GDP. They make up about 1% of emergency department visits (2% for emergency departments for children) in the United States. Driving
Many areas of the world require a minimum of six months from the last seizure before people can drive a vehicle. Research
Scientific work into the prediction of epileptic seizures began in the 1970s.
Birth trauma may refer to: 

Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder, psychological trauma to the mother following childbirth
Birth trauma (physical), physical trauma to the infant following childbirth, as described at ICD-10 codes P10-P15
Birth trauma (psychoanalysis), a concept in Freudian psychoanalysis described by Otto Rank