Chronic radiation proctopathy is characterized by urgency, change in stool caliber and consistency and increased mucus. Severe cases may present with fistulas and strictures which are rare. Treatment
Several methods have been studied in attempts to lessen the effects of radiation proctitis. Acute radiation proctitis usually resolves without treatment after several months. When treatment is necessary, symptoms often improve with hydration, anti-diarrheal agents, and discontinuation of radiation. Butyrate enemas may also be effective.In contrast, RAVE and chronic radiation proctopathy usually is not self-limited and often requires additional therapies. These include sucralfate, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, metronidazole, argon plasma coagulation, radiofrequency ablation and formalin irrigation. The average number of treatment sessions with argon plasma coagulation to achieve control of bleeding ranges from 1 to 2.7 sessions.In rare cases that do not respond to medical therapy and endoscopic treatment, surgery may be required. Overall, less than 10 percent of individuals with radiation proctopathy require surgery. In addition, complications such as obstruction and fistulae may require surgery. Epidemiology
Up to 30 percent of individuals who receive pelvic radiation therapy for cancer may develop radiation proctopathy. See also
Radiation enteropathy

References


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Angiolipoma is a subcutaneous nodule with vascular structure, having all other features of a typical lipoma. They are commonly painful. : 624

Pathology
Histopathology
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Kaposi sarcoma
Angiosarcoma

See also
Lipoma
Skin lesion
List of cutaneous conditions

References


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