This includes water, artificial salivas (mucin-based, carboxymethylcellulose-based), and other substances (milk, vegetable oil):
Mucin Spray: 4 Trials have been completed on the effects of Mucin Spray on Xerostomia, overall there is no strong evidence showing that Mucin Spray is more effective than  a placebo in reducing the symptoms of dry mouth. Mucin Lozenge: Only 1 trial (Gravenmade 1993) has been completed regarding the effectiveness of Mucin Lozenges. Whilst it was assessed as being at high risk of bias, it showed that Mucin Lozenges were ineffective when compared to a placebo. Mucoadhesive Disk: These disks are stuck to the palate and they contain lubricating agents, flavouring agents and some antimicrobial agents. One trial (Kerr 2010) assessed their effectiveness against a placebo disk. Strangely, patients from both groups (placebo and the real disk) reported an increase in subjective oral moistness. No adverse effects were reported. More research is needed in this area before conclusions are drawn. Biotene oral Balance Gel & toothpaste: One trial has been completed (Epstein 1999) regarding the effectiveness of Biotene Oral Balance gel & toothpaste. The results showed that Biotene products were "more effective than control and reduced dry mouth on waking". Saliva stimulants – organic acids (ascorbic acid, malic acid), chewing gum, parasympathomimetic drugs (choline esters, e.g. pilocarpine hydrochloride, cholinesterase inhibitors), and other substances (sugar-free mints, nicotinamide). Medications which stimulate saliva production traditionally have been administered through oral tablets, which the patient goes on to swallow, although some saliva stimulants can also be found in the form of toothpastes.
It is associated with hyposalivation, as bacteria are able to enter the ductal system against the diminished flow of saliva. There may be swollen salivary glands even without acute infection, possibly caused by autoimmune involvement. Dysgeusia – altered taste sensation (e.g., a metallic taste) and dysosmia, altered sense of smell. Intraoral halitosis –  possibly due to increased activity of halitogenic biofilm on the posterior dorsal tongue (although dysgeusia may cause a complaint of nongenuine halitosis in the absence of hyposalivation). Burning mouth syndrome – a burning or tingling sensation in the mouth. Saliva that appears thick or ropey. Mucosa that appears dry. A lack of saliva pooling in the floor of the mouth during examination. Dysphagia – difficulty swallowing and chewing, especially when eating dry foods. Food may stick to the tissues during eating. The tongue may stick to the palate, causing a clicking noise during speech, or the lips may stick together. Gloves or a dental mirror may stick to the tissues. Fissured tongue with atrophy of the filiform papillae and a lobulated, erythematous appearance of the tongue. Saliva cannot be "milked" (expressed) from the parotid duct. Difficulty wearing dentures, e.g., when swallowing or speaking. There may be generalized mucosal soreness and ulceration of the areas covered by the denture. Mouth soreness and oral mucositis. Lipstick or food may stick to the teeth. A need to sip drinks frequently while talking or eating. Dry, sore, and cracked lips and angles of mouth. Thirst.However, sometimes the clinical findings do not correlate with the symptoms experienced.