The accompanying guidance for clinical staff states: "The National Assistance Act 1948 states that a person can be certified as severely sight impaired if they are so blind as to be unable to perform any work for which eye sight is essential". Certification is based on whether a person can do any work for which eyesight is essential, not just one particular job (such as their job before becoming blind).In practice, the definition depends on individuals visual acuity and the extent to which their field of vision is restricted. The Department of Health identifies three groups of people who may be classified as severely visually impaired. Those below 3/60 (equivalent to 20/400 in US notation) Snellen (most people below 3/60 are severely sight impaired). Those better than 3/60 but below 6/60 Snellen (people who have a very contracted field of vision only). Those 6/60 Snellen or above (people in this group who have a contracted field of vision especially if the contraction is in the lower part of the field).The Department of Health also state that a person is more likely to be classified as severely visually impaired if their eyesight has failed recently or if they are an older individual, both groups being perceived as less able to adapt to their vision loss.
Injury of axillary nerve (axillary neuropathy) is a condition that can be associated with a surgical neck of the humerus fracture. It can also be associated with a dislocated shoulder or with traction injury to the nerve, which may be caused by over-aggressive stretching or blunt trauma that does not result in fracture or dislocation. One form of this injury is referred to as axillary nerve palsy. Injury most commonly occurs proximal to the quadrangular space.Injury in this nerve causes paralysis (as always) to the muscles innervated by it, most importantly deltoid muscle. This muscle is the main abductor of the shoulder joint from 18 to 90 degrees (from 0 to 18 by supraspinatus). Injury can result in a reduction in shoulder abduction. So a test can be applied to a patient with injury of axillary nerve by trying to abduct the injured shoulder against resistance.The pain from axillary neuropathy is usually dull and aching rather than sharp, and increases with increasing range of motion. Many people notice only mild pain but considerable weakness when they try to use the affected shoulder. References


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