Pectus carinatum, also called pigeon chest, is a malformation of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is distinct from the related malformation pectus excavatum. Signs and symptoms
People with pectus carinatum usually develop normal hearts and lungs, but the malformation may prevent these from functioning optimally. In moderate to severe cases of pectus carinatum, the chest wall is rigidly held in an outward position. Thus, respirations are inefficient and the individual needs to use the accessory muscles for respiration, rather than normal chest muscles, during strenuous exercise. This negatively affects gas exchange and causes a decrease in stamina. Children with pectus malformations often tire sooner than their peers due to shortness of breath and fatigue. Commonly concurrent is mild to moderate asthma. Some children with pectus carinatum also have scoliosis (i.e., curvature of the spine). Some have mitral valve prolapse, a condition in which the heart mitral valve functions abnormally. Connective tissue disorders involving structural abnormalities of the major blood vessels and heart valves are also seen. Although rarely seen, some children have other connective tissue disorders, including arthritis, visual impairment and healing impairment. Apart from the possible physiologic consequences, pectus malformations can have a significant psychologic impact. Some people, especially those with milder cases, live happily with pectus carinatum. For others, though, the shape of the chest can damage their self-image and confidence, possibly disrupting social connections and causing them to feel uncomfortable throughout adolescence and adulthood.
One lb cans and 2 oz tubes were sold to medical professionals.1973: Beiersdorf repurchased all trademarks from Duke Laboratories.1982: Aquaphor tube was introduced and directly sold to consumers for the first time. 1991: A new formulation Aquaphor Advanced Therapy Healing Ointment was launched, an addition to the Aquaphor Original Ointment. 2003: Aquaphor Baby Healing Ointment & Gentle Wash were  introduced. 2011: Aquaphor Lip Repair was introduced
2012: Aquaphor Lip Repair + Protect SPF 30 was launched and
Aquaphor is launched globally by Beiersdorf affiliates in 25 other countries. 2013: Aquaphor achieved the Good Housekeeping Seal. Properties and ingredients
In a study funded by Aquaphors parent company, it was found that their "Healing Ointment" product was associated with (but did not cause) decreased redness around the wound but did not in any way perform better than other products clinically.Aquaphor is not comedogenic and does not contain any fragrances, preservatives, or dyes.Unlike Vaseline (100% petrolatum), which is occlusive, Aquaphor (41% petrolatum) claims to form a semi-occlusive barrier on the skin. If correct, this in theory should enable the transmission of water and oxygen, which is important for wound healing and the formation of a protective moist healing environment. However, no studies have been conducted using this brand to test these healing claims. Key ingredients
Petrolatum
An active ingredient and OTC skin protectant, petrolatum forms an occlusive barrier on the skin and helps retain moisture.Mineral oil
A colorless, odorless, light oil, commonly obtained as a highly refined derivative of crude oil. Baby oil is a perfumed variety of mineral oil.