These tumors are commonly treated by surgical removal. Prevention
In the United Kingdom, the Royal College of Nursing has published guidelines in Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment and Prevention that call for identifying people at risk and taking preventive action; the UK National Standards for Care Homes to do so as well. Recent efforts in the United States and South Korea have sought to automate risk assessment and classification by training machine learning models on electronic health records.Internationally, the NPIAP, EPUAP and Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance, together with wound organizations from 15 countries around the world, published updated the international evidence-based clinical practice guideline in 2019. The 2019 guideline was developed by an international team of over 180 clinical specialists and updates the 2009 EPUAP/NPUAP clinical guideline and the 2014 NPUAP/EPUAP/PPPIA clinical guideline. The guideline includes recommendations on strategies to treat pressure ulcers, including the use of bed rest, pressure redistributing support surfaces, nutritional support, repositioning, wound care (e.g. debridement, wound dressings) and biophysical agents (e.g. electrical stimulation). Reliable scientific evidence to support the use of many of these interventions, though, is lacking. More research is needed to assess how to best support the treatment of pressure ulcers, for example by repositioning. Also, the benefit of using systemic or topical antibiotics in the management of pressure ulcer is still unclear. Redistributing pressure
The most important care for a person at risk for pressure ulcers and those with bedsores is the redistribution of pressure so that no pressure is applied to the pressure ulcer.
It is thought that bile salts that deposit into the skin are responsible for the pruritus (itching) because the levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream and the severity of the pruritus does not appear to be highly correlated. Patients that have been administered bile salt chelating agents do report some relief, however, and patients that have complete liver cell failure (and therefore cannot make these products to begin with) do not have pruritus. This suggests that products made by the liver must have some role in pruritus although it is not known exactly which product is responsible. See also
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
List of cutaneous conditions

References


== External links ==