When sexual abuse is perpetrated by one sibling upon another, it is known as "intersibling abuse", a form of incest.Unlike research on adult offenders, a strong causal relationship has been established between child and adolescent offenders and these offenders own prior victimization, by either adults or other children. Teachers
According to a 2010 UNICEF report, 46% of Congolese schoolgirls confirmed that they had been victims of sexual harassment, abuse, and violence committed by their teachers or other school personnel. In Mozambique, a study by the Ministry of Education found that 70 percent of female respondents reported knowing teachers who use sexual intercourse as a necessary condition to advance students to the next grade. A survey by Promundo found that 16% of girls in North Kivu said they had been forced to have sex with their teachers. According to UNICEF, teachers in Mali are known to use "La menace du bic rouge" ("the threat of the red pen"), using the threat of bad grades to coerce girls into acquiescing to sexual advances. According to Plan International, 16% of children in Togo, for instance, named a teacher as responsible for the pregnancy of a classmate. Prevalence
Global
Based on self-disclosure data, a 2011 meta-analysis of 217 studies estimated a global prevalence of 12.7%–18% for girls and 7.6% for boys. The rates of self-disclosed abuse for specific continents were as follows:
A 2009 meta-analysis of 65 studies from 22 countries found a global prevalence of 19.7% for females and 7.9% for males.
Hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness syndrome
HID syndrome is also known as ichthyosis hystrix, Rheydt type after the German city of Rheydt near Düsseldorf where it was first discovered. Symptoms are bilateral hearing loss and spiky hyperkeratotic masses which cover the whole body though the palms and soles are less badly affected. It can be differentiated from KID syndrome which also has symptoms of deafness and ichthyosis by the different distribution of hyperkeratosis. It is an autosomal dominant condition caused by a mutation to the GJB2 gene (the same gene affected by KID syndrome). Ichthyosis hystrix, Baefvertstedt type
An extremely rare disease of which only a few isolated cases are known. See also
List of cutaneous conditions
List of cutaneous conditions caused by mutations in keratins
List of radiographic findings associated with cutaneous conditions

References


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