Due to this muscle relaxation, bladder capacity increases and symptoms of overactive bladder are relieved. Metabolism
The two main metabolic pathways are the oxidation and glucuronidation of vibegron. Two oxidative metabolites and three glucuronide metabolites can be formed. The exact structure of these metabolites have not been studied yet. In vitro, CYP3A4 is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of vibegron, facilitating oxidative metabolism. Eventually, still a large part of the unmodified drug is excreted through feces and urine. Indications
Vibegron is indicated for people with OAB. Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), urgency and urinary frequency in adults are the most common symptoms for this condition.The drug is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vibegron itself or single components of the drug. The inactive components of the drug for which allergic reactions can occur are sodium croscarmellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose. The thin coating of the drug with green color contains FD&C Blue No.2.Vibegron treatment should be discontinued if urinary retention occurs. Use with nonselective muscarinic antagonists may increase the risk of urinary retention. The manufacturer suggests discontinuing vibegron if an elevated digoxin concentration occurs. Efficacy and side effects
Efficacy
Vibegron was evaluated in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) in several clinical studies. A large active-controlled study, called Empower, showed the beneficial effects of the drug to treat the condition and UUI. Primary outcomes of different clinical trials showed there was an overall increase in efficacy.
Isocarboxazid (Marplan, Marplon, Enerzer) is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class used as an antidepressant. Along with phenelzine and tranylcypromine, it is one of only three classical MAOIs still available for clinical use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders in the United States, though it is not as commonly employed in comparison to the others.Isocarboxazid is primarily used to treat mood and anxiety disorders. It has also been investigated in the treatment of schizophrenia, Parkinsons disease and other dementia-related disorders. Isocarboxazid, as well as other MAOIs, increase the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain.Classical MAOIs, including isocarboxazid, are used only rarely due to prominent food and drug interactions and have been largely superseded by newer antidepressants such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The cause of the interactions is because MAOIs inhibit the metabolism of dietary amines (e.g., tyramine) and the monoamine neurotransmitters. In combination with other drugs that increase the levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters such as the SSRIs, or with certain foods high in dietary amines such as aged cheeses, MAOIs can produce dangerous elevations of monoamine neurotransmitters resulting in potentially life-threatening syndromes such as hypertensive crisis and serotonin syndrome. See also
Hydrazine (antidepressant)


== References ==