Formulation
Dakins original solution contained sodium hypochlorite (0.4% to 0.5%), prepared by treating calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbonate ("washing soda"). The solution left after removal of the insoluble calcium carbonate still contained some soda. Boric acid (4%) was then added as a buffering agent to maintain a pH of between 9 and 10. Dakin found that alkalinity outside this range was too irritating. The solution, while unstable, remains effective for at least a week, if made to the correct pH.Other formulations have been developed over time. In 1916, Marcel Daufresne substituted sodium bicarbonate for Dakins boric acid as buffering agent. This formulation is the basis of current commercial products.The concentration chosen by Dakin (0.5%) was the maximum highest concentration found tolerable to the skin. It is the concentration recommended by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) as a household disinfectant. In one study, bactericidal effects of sodium hypochlorite solution were observed at concentrations as low as 0.025%, without any tissue toxicity in vivo or in vitro. It recommended that concentration be adopted as a "modified Dakins solution" for wound dressing. See also
Chlorine-releasing compound
Hydrogen peroxide
Povidone-iodine
Phenol ("carbolic acid")
Eusol


== References ==
The right to this land is granted to the railway company through mechanisms such as easement. Watercraft are generally allowed to navigate public waters without restriction as long as they do not cause a disturbance. Passing through a lock, however, may require paying a toll. Despite the common law tradition Cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos of owning all the air above ones property, the US Supreme Court ruled that aircraft in the US have the right to use air above someone elses property without their consent. While the same rule generally applies in all jurisdictions, some countries such as Cuba and Russia have taken advantage of air rights on a national level to earn money. There are some areas that aircraft are barred from overflying. This is called prohibited airspace. Prohibited airspace is usually strictly enforced due to potential damage from espionage or attack. In the case of Korean Air Lines Flight 007, the airliner entered prohibited airspace over Soviet territory and was shot down as it was leaving. Safety
For a comparison of transportation fatality rates, see: Air safety statistics. Several different metrics used to compare and evaluate the safety of different vehicles. The main three are deaths per billion passenger-journeys, deaths per billion passenger-hours and deaths per billion passenger-kilometers. See also

Automotive acronyms and abbreviations
ISIRI 6924
Narrow-track vehicle
Outline of vehicles
Personal transporter
Propulsion
Single-track vehicle
Vehicular dynamics
Vehicular metrics


== References ==