In September 2012, the FDA approved omacetaxine for the treatment of CML in the case of resistance to other chemotherapeutic agents.Independently, ARIAD pharmaceuticals, adapting the chemical structures from first and second-generation TK inhibitors, arrived at a new pan-BCR-ABL1 inhibitor which showed (for the first time)  efficacy against T315I, as well as all other known mutations of the oncoprotein. The drug, ponatinib, gained FDA approval in December 2012 for treatment of patients with resistant or intolerant CML. Just as with second-generation TK inhibitors, early approval is being sought to extend the use of ponatinib to newly diagnosed CML also. Vaccination
In 2005, encouraging but mixed results of vaccination were reported with the BCR/ABL1 p210 fusion protein in patients with stable disease, with GM-CSF as an adjuvant. Prognosis
Before the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the median survival time for CML patients had been about 3–5 years from time of diagnosis.With the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, survival rates have improved dramatically. A 2006 follow-up of 553 patients using imatinib (Gleevec) found an overall survival rate of 89% after five years.A 2011 followup of 832 patients using imatinib who achieved a stable cytogenetic response found an overall survival rate of 95.2% after 8 years, which is similar to the rate in the general population. Fewer than 1% of patients died because of leukemia progression. Epidemiology
United Kingdom
CML accounts for 8% of all leukaemias in the UK, and around 680 people were diagnosed with the disease in 2011.
Callosities arise naturally and are present even in late-term whale fetuses, although the work of lice digging into the surface of the skin may make them more jagged and hard over time.Callosities are found on the upper surface of the whales head, above the eyes, on the jawline and chin and surrounding the blowholes. Callosities form a unique pattern on every right whale and though callosities which are overgrown break off, the patterns do not change over a lifetime. This makes them a very useful tool for the purposes of photo-identification and conservation.The evolutionary significance of callosities is unknown. Male right whales have a higher density of callosities than females. Males have been observed scratching one another with their callosities and it has been suggested by Payne & Dorsey (1983) that they are a sexually dimorphic feature, used for intra-specific sexual aggression. That explanation is not entirely satisfactory, because it does not account for the appearance of callosities in females. It has been proposed that the barnacles attached to callosities are important in helping fend off attacks by orcas. See also
Callus

Notes
References
Steudel, K (1981). "Functional Aspects of Primate Pelvic Structure: A Multivariate Approach" (PDF). American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 55 (3): 399–410. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330550314. PMID 6791507. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2009-07-19. Callosities by Mason T. Weinrich in the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. ISBN 0-12-551340-2. A Dictionary of Zoology 1999, Oxford University Press 1999
"On Butts and Baboons". Artsibasheva, A.  http://monkeybuiznezz.wordpress.com/2012/09/27/on-butts-and-baboons/