Treatment resulting in better control of these levels can reduce some of the risks of GDM considerably.The two main risks GDM imposes on the baby are growth abnormalities and chemical imbalances after birth, which may require admission to a neonatal intensive care unit. Infants born to mothers with GDM are at risk of being both large for gestational age (macrosomic) in unmanaged GDM, and small for gestational age and Intrauterine growth retardation in managed GDM. Macrosomia in turn increases the risk of instrumental deliveries (e.g. forceps, ventouse and caesarean section) or problems during vaginal delivery (such as shoulder dystocia). Macrosomia may affect 12% of normal women compared to 20% of women with GDM. However, the evidence for each of these complications is not equally strong; in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study for example, there was an increased risk for babies to be large but not small for gestational age in women with uncontrolled GDM. In a recent birth cohot study of 5150 deliveries, a research group active at the University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland demonstrated that the mothers GDM is an independent factor that increases the risk of fetal hypoxia, during labour. The study was published in the Acta Diabetologica in June 2021. Another finding was that GDM increased the susceptibility of the fetus to intrapartum hypoxia, regardless of the size of the fetus.
Hypostatic, hypostasis, or hypostatization (hypostatisation; from the Ancient Greek ὑπόστᾰσις, "under state") may refer to:

Hypostasis (philosophy and religion), the essence or underlying reality
Hypostatic abstraction (mathematics and logic)
Hypostasis of the Archons, a Gnostic work
Hypostasis (linguistics), personification of entities
Hypostasis (literature), awareness by a fictional character that their world is fictional
Hypostatic gene, as a result of epistasis
Hypostasis (livor mortis), corpses discoloration
Hypostatic model of personality, a psychological model, or theory, of personality masks
Hypostatic union, Christian concept
Holding current (electronics), or the hypostatic current
Reification (fallacy), where hypostasis identifies a reified thing, and hypostatization refers to the thought process
Sediment in a liquid, including:
Sediment#Dregs

See also
Anthropomorphism (personification, hypostatization), regarding or treating something as having human qualities.