However, only in 3.6–7% will this be of sufficient severity to trigger the individual to seek medical advice.For unknown reasons, females are more likely to be affected than males, in a ratio of about 2:1, although others report this ratio to be as high as 9:1. Females are more likely to request treatment for TMD, and their symptoms are less likely to resolve. Females with TMD are more likely to be nulliparous than females without TMD. It has also been reported that female caucasians are more likely to be affected by TMD, and at an earlier age, than female African Americans.According to the most recent analyses of epidemiologic data using the RDC/TMD diagnostic criteria, of all TMD cases, group I (muscle disorders) accounts for 45.3%, group II (disc displacements) 41.1%, and group III (joint disorders) 30.1% (individuals may have diagnoses from more than one group). Using the RDC/TMD criteria, TMD has a prevalence in the general population of 9.7% for group I, 11.4% for group IIa, and 2.6% for group IIIa. History
Temporomandibular disorders were described as early as ancient Egypt. An older name for the condition is "Costens syndrome", eponymously referring to James B. Costen. Costen was an otolaryngologist, and although he was not the first physician to describe TMD, he wrote extensively on the topic, starting in 1934, and was the first to approach the disorder in an integrated and systematic way. Costen hypothesized that malocclusion caused TMD, and placed emphasis on ear symptoms, such as tinnitus, otaglia, impaired hearing, and even dizziness.
Saber shin is a malformation of the tibia. It presents as a sharp anterior bowing, or convexity, of the tibia. Causes
Periosteal reaction along the shaft of the tibia. It can result from congenital syphilis, yaws, Pagets disease of bone, vitamin D deficiency or Weismann-Netter–Stuhl syndrome. It can be due to osteomalacia. Prognosis
Etymology
Saber refers to the tibias resemblance to the curve of a saber sword. See also
Saddle nose
List of cutaneous conditions
Rickets

References
Bibliography
Mosbys Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary. Edition 5, 1998 p7B49.