Under this system, burns can be classified as major, moderate, and minor. This is assessed based on a number of factors, including total body surface area affected, the involvement of specific anatomical zones, the age of the person, and associated injuries. Minor burns can typically be managed at home, moderate burns are often managed in a hospital, and major burns are managed by a burn center. Severe  burn  injury  represents  one  of  the  most  devastating forms of trauma. Despite improvements in burn care, patients can be left to suffer for as many as three years post-injury. Signs of smoke inhalation
Signs of smoke inhalation includes hoarse voice, dyspnea, facial burns, singed nasal hairs, sputum which contains carbonaceous materials, Stridor and wheezing may be present in later stages. Prevention
Historically, about half of all burns were deemed preventable. Burn prevention programs have significantly decreased rates of serious burns. Preventive measures include: limiting hot water temperatures, smoke alarms, sprinkler systems, proper construction of buildings, and fire-resistant clothing. Experts recommend setting water heaters below 48.8 °C (119.8 °F). Other measures to prevent scalds include using a thermometer to measure bath water temperatures, and splash guards on stoves. While the effect of the regulation of fireworks is unclear, there is tentative evidence of benefit with recommendations including the limitation of the sale of fireworks to children. Management
Resuscitation begins with the assessment and stabilization of the persons airway, breathing and circulation. If inhalation injury is suspected, early intubation may be required.
In computer programming, a sentinel node is a specifically designated node used with linked lists and trees as a traversal path terminator. This type of node does not hold or reference any data managed by the data structure. Benefits
Sentinels are used as an alternative over using NULL as the path terminator in order to get one or more of the following benefits:

Marginally increased speed of operations
Increased data structure robustness (arguably)

Drawbacks
Marginally increased algorithmic complexity and code size. If the data structure is accessed concurrently (which means that all nodes being accessed have to be protected at least for “read-only”), for a sentinel-based implementation the sentinel node has to be protected for “read-write” by a mutex. This extra mutex in quite a few use scenarios can cause severe performance degradation. One way to avoid it is to protect the list structure as a whole for “read-write”, whereas in the version with NULL it suffices to protect the data structure as a whole for “read-only” (if an update operation will not follow). The sentinel concept is not useful for the recording of the data structure on disk. Examples
Search in a linked list
Below are two versions of a subroutine (implemented in the C programming language) for looking up a given search key in a singly linked list. The first one uses the sentinel value NULL, and the second one a (pointer to the) sentinel node Sentinel, as the end-of-list indicator. The declarations of the singly linked list data structure and the outcomes of both subroutines are the same.