Examples of sociocusis-related stimuli are the continuous noises from traffic, home appliances, music, television, and radio. The accumulated exposure to these noises over many years can lead to a condition similar to pure presbycusis. Nosocusis
Nosocusis factors are those that can cause hearing loss, which are not noise-based and separate from pure presbycusis. They may include:
Ototoxic drugs: Ingestion of ototoxic drugs like aspirin may hasten the process of presbycusis. vascular degeneration
Atherosclerosis: May diminish vascularity of the cochlea, thereby reducing its oxygen supply. Dietary habits: Increased intake of saturated fat may accelerate atherosclerotic changes in old age. Smoking: Is postulated to accentuate atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels aggravating presbycusis. Diabetes: May cause vasculitis and endothelial proliferation in the blood vessels of the cochlea, thereby reducing its blood supply. Hypertension: causes potent vascular changes, like reduction in blood supply to the cochlea, thereby aggravating presbycusis.However, a recent study found that diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension had no correlation to presbycusis, suggesting that these are nosocusis (acquired hearing loss) factors, not intrinsic factors. Pathophysiology
Examples of microscopic changes seen in this condition are hair cell degeneration of the cochlea and giant stereociliary degeneration. There are four pathological phenotypes of presbycusis:

Sensory: characterised by degeneration of the organ of Corti, the sensory organ for hearing. Located within the scala media, it contains hair cells with stereocilia, which extend to the tectorial membrane. The organs outer hair cells play a significant role in the amplification of sound and is extremely sensitive to external and internal factors.
Techniques such as squarely facing the affected person, enunciating, ensuring adequate light, minimizing noise in the environment, and using contextual cues are used to improve comprehension. Research
Pharmaceuticals
Pharmacological treatment options are limited, and remain clinically unproven. Among these are the water-soluble coenzyme Q10 formulation, the prescription drug Tanakan, and combination antioxidant therapy. In a study performed in 2010, it was found that the water-soluble formulation of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) caused a significant improvement in liminar tonal audiometry of the air and bone thresholds at 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz, and 8000 Hz. Antioxidant therapy – age-related hearing loss was reduced in animal models with a combination agent comprising six antioxidant agents that target four sites within the oxidative pathway: L-cysteine-glutathione mixed disulfide, ribose-cysteine, NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, vitamin B12, folate, and ascorbic acid. It is thought that these supplements attenuate the decline of cochlear structure due to prolonged oxidative stress. However, more recent studies have had conflicting results. In 2012, a study was done with CBA/J female mice. They were placed on an antioxidant-rich diet for 24 months consisting of vitamins A, C, E, L-carnitine, and α-lipoic acid. While this increased the inner ears antioxidant capacity, the actual hearing loss was unaffected. Therefore, in this study, antioxidants were shown not to improve presbycusis mechanisms. The effects of the pharmaceutical drug Tanakan were observed when treating tympanophonia in elderly women.