The outer envelope contains embedded proteins that are involved in viral binding of, and entry into, susceptible cells. The virus is one of the smallest enveloped animal viruses. The 42 nm virions, which are capable of infecting liver cells known as hepatocytes, are referred to as "Dane particles". In addition to the Dane particles, filamentous and spherical bodies lacking a core can be found in the serum of infected individuals. These particles are not infectious and are composed of the lipid and protein that forms part of the surface of the virion, which is called the surface antigens (HBsAg), and is produced in excess during the life cycle of the virus. Genome
The genome of HBV is made of circular DNA, but it is unusual because the DNA is not fully double-stranded. One end of the full length strand is linked to the viral DNA polymerase. The genome is 3020–3320 nucleotides long (for the full-length strand) and 1700–2800 nucleotides long (for the short length-strand). The negative-sense (non-coding) is complementary to the viral mRNA. The viral DNA is found in the nucleus soon after infection of the cell. The partially double-stranded DNA is rendered fully double-stranded by completion of the (+) sense strand and removal of a protein molecule from the (−) sense strand and a short sequence of RNA from the (+) sense strand. Non-coding bases are removed from the ends of the (−) sense strand and the ends are rejoined.
Incidents is a 1987 collection of four essays by Roland Barthes. It was published posthumously by François Wahl, Barthes literary executor. Summary
In the first essay, La Lumiere du Sud-Ouest, first published in LHumanité in 1977, Roland Barthes reflects on the South West of France, the Adour and Bayonne. The second essay, Incidents, written in 1969, details Barthess holiday in Morocco, where he pays men and boys for sex. In Au Palace Ce Soir, the third essay, first published in issue 10 of Vogue-Hommes in May 1978, Barthes describes Le Palace, a fashionable theatre-house in Paris. The fourth essay, Soirées de Paris, is a diary from August to September 1979, where Roland Barthes admits to using male escorts as all his relationships have been disappointing to him. Literary significance and criticism
Although critics have questioned whether Roland Barthes intended to publish Incidents and Soirées de Paris, it has been argued that they have informed our reading of Barthess oeuvre because of their explicit revelations of his homosexuality. Drawing upon these essays, D.A. Miller, in Bringing Out Roland Barthes, re-reads Barthess oeuvre through a gay lens.The essay Incidents has been compared to André Gides Amyntas with its pastoral theme, although Gide writes about Tunisia and Algeria rather than Morocco. It has also been compared to Jean-Jacques Rousseaus Confessions. References
External links
Barthes, Roland. Incidents. Berkeley:  University of California Press,  1992. Free Online - UC Press E-Books Collection