Silver sulfadiazine (a type of antibiotic) is not recommended as it potentially prolongs healing time. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of dressings containing silver or negative-pressure wound therapy. Silver sulfadiazine does not appear to differ from silver containing foam dressings with respect to healing. Medications
Burns can be very painful and a number of different options may be used for pain management. These include simple analgesics (such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen) and opioids such as morphine. Benzodiazepines may be used in addition to analgesics to help with anxiety. During the healing process, antihistamines, massage, or transcutaneous nerve stimulation may be used to aid with itching. Antihistamines, however, are only effective for this purpose in 20% of people. There is tentative evidence supporting the use of gabapentin and its use may be reasonable in those who do not improve with antihistamines. Intravenous lidocaine requires more study before it can be recommended for pain.Intravenous antibiotics are recommended before surgery for those with extensive burns (>60% TBSA). As of 2008, guidelines do not recommend their general use due to concerns regarding antibiotic resistance and the increased risk of fungal infections. Tentative evidence, however, shows that they may improve survival rates in those with large and severe burns. Erythropoietin has not been found effective to prevent or treat anemia in burn cases. In burns caused by hydrofluoric acid, calcium gluconate is a specific antidote and may be used intravenously and/or topically.
History
Brinzolamide/brimonidine was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2013, and in the European Union in July 2014. References
Further reading
Li T, Lindsley K, Rouse B, Hong H, Shi Q, Friedman DS, Wormald R, Dickersin K (January 2016). "Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line Medications for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis". Ophthalmology. 123 (1): 129–40. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.09.005. PMC 4695285. PMID 26526633. Lusthaus JA, Goldberg I (September 2017). "Brimonidine and brinzolamide for treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension; a safety evaluation". Expert Opin Drug Saf. 16 (9): 1071–1078. doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1346083. PMID 28656780. S2CID 205825340. External links
"Brinzolamide". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Brimonidine". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Brimonidine tartrate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.