Topical or oral preparations may be used for a few weeks to reduce inflammation. Long term use of topical steroids has not shown benefits for growth and the use of long term oral steroids has many risks that typically outweigh the benefits.Immunotherapy
Diphenylcyclopropenone or squaric acid may be used topically for the treatment of alopecia areata as an alternative to steroids. This treatment may cause a local skin reaction.Minoxidil
Minoxidil is a topical treatment that comes in a solution or foam. The foam provides increased delivery of the drug and less irritation. This drug has been shown to decrease telogen and increase anagen phase of hair follicles, increase VEGF expression, and have indirect vasodilation effects. FDA has approved this drug for use in androgenetic alopecia, but frequent offlabel uses include alopecia areata, chemotherapy induced alopecia, telogen effluvium, and traction alopecia.Redensyl
Redensyl is emerging as an alternative hair loss treatment containing a newly discovered molecule called dihydroquercetin-glucoside (DHQG), a compound derived from plant extracts known to target the stem cells in hair follicles and encourages the division of the cells. Still in development stage it has been approved by FDA as many of its medication are available widelyHormone modulating
Androgenetic alopecia is routinely treated with drugs that alter hormonal function, in particular DHTs effects. Male pattern hair loss is treated with oral finasteride which is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that blocks the formation of DHT from testosterone. Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction, but it is typically reversed upon discontinuation of the treatment.
Acne miliaris necrotica is a rare condition consisting of follicular vesicopustules, sometimes occurring as solitary lesions that are usually very itchy. The condition affects middle aged and elderly individuals. Affected areas can include the scalp, frontal hairline, face, and chest. Causes
It has been hypothesized that the body overreacts to an organism such as the S. aureus bacterium. Diagnosis
Treatment
There are multiple medications that are able to treat acne varioliformis. Topical
Clindamycin 1% lotion or Benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin gel
Erythromycin 2% gel
1% hydrocortisone cream

Systemic
Doxycycline 50 mg twice daily
Isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg daily

See also
List of cutaneous conditions

References


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