A modern peer-reviewed source reports survival in Chinese court castrations of children at 33%, which is quite low, but nevertheless far higher than reported by Remondino. The same source reports later adult castrations as having a survival rate of 98%. Consequently, the accounts of castration by Coptic monks reported above, along with the 90% mortality figure, should be treated with considerable skepticism. Fatimid Caliphate
In the Shii Fatimid Empire (909CE - 1171CE) eunuchs played major roles in the politics of the caliphates court, as well as holding a certain level of sacredness due to their association with the Fatimid imam-caliph. The eunuchs of the empire were normally purchased from slave auctions and belonged to a variety of Arab and non-Arab minority groups, though in many other cases they were brought from various noble families in the empire, which gave these individuals special connections to the Caliph. However, a system that employed foreign slaves, from multiple ethic & multi-linguistic groups were preferred and often quoted as "ideal servants". With imams normally ruling over a majority non-Shii population the court eunuchs served an important role of being ambassadors of the Imam-Caliph. They would use their own loyalty and fervor toward both the Shii sect and the imam-caliph himself amongst the common people of the empire to increase love for Fatimid rule. This was effective due to the mixed heritages of the eunuchs which gave them an ethnic and/or cultural common ground with the people they spoke with.
253): early Christian theologian, allegedly castrated himself based on his reading of the Gospel of Matthew 19:12 ("For there are eunuchs, who were born so from their mothers womb: and there are eunuchs, who were made so by men: and there are eunuchs, who have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven. He that can take, let him take it."). Despite the fact that the early Christian theologian Tertullian wrote that Jesus was a eunuch, there is no corroboration in any other early source. (The Skoptsy did, however, believe it to be true.) Chusdazat (died 344): He served King Shapur II, who killed him for declaring his Christian identity. Dorotheus of Tyre (255–362): A bishop who attended the Council of Nicaea, was exiled by Diocletian and Julian, and was martyred. Eutropius (died 399): only eunuch known to have attained the highly distinguished office of Roman Consul. Chrysaphius (died 450): chief minister of Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II, architect of imperial policy towards the Huns. Narses (478–573): general of Byzantine emperor Justinian I, responsible for destroying the Ostrogoths in 552 at the Battle of Taginae in Italy and reconquering Rome for the empire. Solomon (480s/490s–544): general and governor of Africa under Justinian I.
Gao Lishi (684–762): a loyal and trusted friend of Tang emperor Xuanzong. Li Fuguo (704–762): Tang eunuch who began another era of eunuch rule. Yu Chaoen (722–770): Tang eunuch who began his career as army supervisor. Staurakios (died 800): chief associate and minister of the Byzantine empress Irene of Athens.