"At least five of the following symptoms must be present:

ideas of reference
strange beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms (e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or “sixth sense”, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations)
abnormal perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions
strange thinking and speech (e.g., vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, or stereotyped)
suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
inappropriate or constricted affect
strange behavior or appearance
lack of close friends
excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about selfThese symptoms must not occur only during the course of a disorder with similar symptoms (such as schizophrenia or autism spectrum disorder). STPD as a Clinical Disorder
ICD-10
The World Health Organizations ICD-10 uses the name schizotypal disorder (F21). It is classified as a clinical disorder associated with schizophrenia, rather than a personality disorder as in DSM-5.The ICD definition is:

A disorder characterized by eccentric behavior and anomalies of thinking and affect which resemble those seen in schizophrenia, though no definite and characteristic schizophrenic anomalies have occurred at any stage.
Cognitive deficits in patients with schizotypal personality disorder are very similar to, but quantitatively milder than, those for patients with schizophrenia. A 2004 study, however, reported neurological evidence that did "not entirely support the model that SPD is simply an attenuated form of schizophrenia". Epidemiology
Reported prevalence of STPD in community studies ranges from 0.6% in a Norwegian sample, to 4.6% in an American sample. A large American study found a lifetime prevalence of 3.9%, with somewhat higher rates among men (4.2%) than women (3.7%). It may be uncommon in clinical populations, with reported rates of up to 1.9%.Together with other cluster A personality disorders, it is also very common among homeless people who show up at drop-in centres, according to a 2008 New York study. The study did not address homeless people who do not show up at drop-in centres.Cannabis users, whether that be a lifetime use, abuse or dependence, have been found to have an increased likelihood of possessing schizotypal personality disorder or traits consistent with STPD. Another epidemiological study on suicidal behavior in STPD found that, even when accounted for sociodemographic factors, people with STPD were 1.51 times more likely to attempt suicide. The same study found that people with childhood adversities, specifically abuse by a parent or caretaker, have a strongly significant association with lifetime STPD. See also
Boundaries of the mind
DSM-5 codes (personality disorders)
Paranoid personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Schizotypy

References


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