Methyl cellulose is also an important emulsifier, preventing the separation of two mixed liquids because it is an emulsion stabilizer. Food
The E number of methyl cellulose as food additive is E461. E464 is hydroxypropylcellulose and more soluble in water.Methyl cellulose, as a gel, has the unique property of setting when hot and melting when cold.Methyl cellulose is used as an ingredient in some meat analogues that are intended to replicate the texture of meat. Lubricant
Methyl cellulose may be used in personal lubricant. Construction materials
Methyl cellulose finds a major application as a performance additive in construction materials. It is added to mortar dry mixes to improve the mortars properties such as workability, open and adjustment time, water retention, viscosity, adhesion to surfaces etc. Construction grade methyl cellulose is not to be identified with food and pharmaceutical grade methyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, as it may be cross-linked with glyoxal for easy dispersion in water. The construction materials can be cement-based or gypsum-based. Notable examples of dry mixture mortars which utilize methyl cellulose include tile adhesives, EIFS, insulating plasters, hand-trowelled and machine-sprayed plaster, stucco, self-leveling flooring, extruded cement panels, skim coats, joint & crack fillers, and tile grouts. Typical usage is about 0.2% – 0.5% of total dry powder weight for dry mixtures. Derivatives of methyl cellulose which improve performance characteristics include hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC). These derivatives typically improve the characteristics such as water retention, vertical surface slip resistance, open time, etc.
One study suggests that OMD arises because of two mutations arising simultaneously, one in RP1L1 and another in ABCA4.OMD is generally believed to be autosomal dominant, meaning that if you get the abnormal gene from only one parent, you can get the disease. However, this does not always seem to be the case.OMD differentiates from Stargardt macular dystrophy in which gene is mutated (RP1L1 instead of ABCA4), the process of OMD isnt a buildup of toxic lipofuscin, and Stargardt is regressive. Physiology
The connection between these mutations and OMD is unclear, but cone density is significantly lower in patients with OMD compared to the general population. Use of adaptive optics to obtain high-resolution retinal images reveal abnormal changes in patients with OMD, including thinning of the foveal thickness and the outer nuclear layer and disruption of the IS/OS line and COST line. Diagnosis
OMD returns negative results for a funduscopic inspection, fluorescein angiogram, and full-field electroretinogram (ERG), for both rod and cone components. The key to diagnosing this disorder is the multifocal ERG (mfERG), providing a single procedure for diagnosis. Onset is known to range from age 6 to 81, with about half of onsets occurring after age 65. Differential diagnosis
A visual field test can differentiate between whether the reduced visual acuity is centered on the optic nerve or the fundus.