However, there are multiple forms of albinism – currently seven types recognised for humans – most of which do not result in red or pink pupils.The term "partial albino" is sometimes used in the literature, however, it has been stated that "A common misnomer is partial albino – this is not possible since albinism affects the whole plumage of a bird, not just part" and the definition of albinism precludes the possibility of "partial albinism" in which a mostly white bird shows some form of melanin pigmentation. "It is simply impossible, just like being partially pregnant ". Conditions that are commonly termed "partial albino" include neural crest disorders such as piebaldism, Waardenburg syndrome, or other depigmentation conditions such as vitiligo. These conditions result from fundamentally different causes to the seven types of oculocutaneous albinism that have been identified in humans (and confirmed in some other animals) and the use of the term "partial albino" is therefore misleading.One definition states that "albinism, (from the Latin albus, meaning "white"), hereditary condition characterized by the absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, hair, scales, or feathers", however, this does not encompass invertebrates, nor does it include plants. Furthermore, it could be interpreted that "...absence of pigment..." does not include an absence of structural colours. The lack of clarity about the term is furthered when the name of an animal includes the term "albino" although the animals (clearly) do not have the condition.
Cyprus facial neuromusculoskeletal syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by a "mephistophelian" appearance consisting of a ridged, thick triangular skin fold extending from the glabella up into the anterior fontanel, alongside other symptoms such as hypertelorism, widows peak, low-set ears, kyphoscoliosis congenita, congenital clubfoot, hip dislocation, and arthrogryposis. Additional findings include cataracts, decreased articular range of motion, ptosis, and ankylosis, and, less commonly, mild sensory deficits with muscle weakness and atrophy. It has been described in a large 3-generation Greek Cypriot family. == References ==