The syntactic rules for ellipses are standardized by the 1983 Polska Norma document PN-83/P-55366, Zasady składania tekstów w języku polskim (Rules for Setting Texts in Polish). In Russian
The combination "ellipsis+period" is replaced by the ellipsis. The combinations "ellipsis+exclamation mark" and "ellipsis+question mark" are written in this way: !.. ?.. In Japanese
The most common character corresponding to an ellipsis is called 3-ten rīdā ("3-dot leaders", …). 2-ten rīdā exists as a character, but it is used less commonly. In writing, the ellipsis consists usually of six dots (two 3-ten rīdā characters, ……). Three dots (one 3-ten rīdā character) may be used where space is limited, such as in a header. However, variations in the number of dots exist. In horizontally written text the dots are commonly vertically centered within the text height (between the baseline and the ascent line), as in the standard Japanese Windows fonts; in vertically written text the dots are always centered horizontally. As the Japanese word for dot is pronounced "ten", the dots are colloquially called "ten-ten-ten" (てんてんてん, akin to the English "dot dot dot").In text in Japanese media, such as in manga or video games, ellipses are much more frequent than in English, and are often changed to another punctuation sign in translation. The ellipsis by itself represents speechlessness, or a "pregnant pause". Depending on the context, this could be anything from an admission of guilt to an expression of being dumbfounded at another persons words or actions.
(see factorial)Normally dots should be used only where the pattern to be followed is clear, the exception being to show the indefinite continuation of an irrational number such as:

  
    
      
        π
        =
        3.14159265
        …
      
    
    {\displaystyle \pi =3.14159265\ldots }
  Sometimes, it is useful to display a formula compactly, for example:

  
    
      
        1
        +
        4
        +
        9
        +
        ⋯
        +
        
          n
          
            2
          
        
        +
        ⋯
        +
        400
      
    
    {\displaystyle 1+4+9+\cdots +n^{2}+\cdots +400}
  Another example is the set of positive zeros of the cosine function:

  
    
      
        
          {
          
            
              
                π
                2
              
            
            ,
            
              
                
                  3
                  π
                
                2
              
            
            ,
            
              
                
                  5
                  π
                
                2
              
            
            ,
            …
          
          }
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \left\{{\frac {\pi }{2}},{\frac {3\pi }{2}},{\frac {5\pi }{2}},\ldots \right\}}
  There are many related uses of the ellipsis in set notation.