James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. Early life
James Hill was the son of Rev James Hill (1676-1743), minister of the parish church of Kirkpatrick Durham in Kirkcudbrightshire, and his wife Agnes Muirhead (1678-1742), daughter of a Dumfries merchant. James Hill was born in the village of Kirkliston, West Lothian on 30 October 1703. On 17 May 1723 he was apprenticed to the Edinburgh surgeon, physician and philosopher George Young (1692-1757),  from whom he learned the value of careful observation and scepticism in medicine. It is known from Hills later writing that Young was a powerfully influential figure to his young apprentice during the latters formative professional years. Hill, like many Edinburgh surgical apprentices attended lectures at Surgeons’ Hall but like the majority of apprentices of the period did not proceed to a surgical diploma or a medical degree in the newly established University of Edinburgh Medical School. During Hills apprenticeship there was no teaching hospital in Edinburgh.
In July of that year AstraZeneca licensed tralokinumab to Leo Pharma for skin diseases.A phase IIb study of tralokinumab found that treatment was associated with early and sustained improvements in atopic dermatitis symptoms and tralokinumab had an acceptable safety and tolerability profile, thereby providing evidence for targeting IL-13 in patients with atopic dermatitis.On 15 June 2017, Leo Pharma announced that they were starting phase III clinical trials with tralokinumab in atopic dermatitis. Society and culture
Legal status
On 22 April 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Adtralza, intended for the treatment of moderate‑to‑severe atopic dermatitis. The applicant for this medicinal product is LEO Pharma A/S. Tralokinumab was approved for medical use in the European Union in June 2021. Names
Tralokinumab is the international nonproprietary name (INN) and the United States Adopted Name (USAN). References
External links
"Tralokinumab". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.