A patient developed this chorea with no definite evidence of previous Sydenhams chorea or recent streptococcal infections, but had anti-basal ganglia antibodies, suggesting immunological basis for the pathophysiology of this chorea. Diagnosis
Differential diagnoses
Chorea can also be a manifestation of drug toxicity (for example, anticonvulsants, antiparkinson agents, neuroleptics, steroids, and estrogen), or a result of an infectious disease such as meningovascular syphilis, Lyme disease, viral encephalitis, and many others. Treatment
Drug treatment is indicated for patients with severe disabling chorea. It is treated with haloperidol, chlorpromazine alone or in combination with diazepam, and also pimozide, which is another neuroleptic drug which may have fewer adverse effects than haloperidol. Valproic acid, chloral hydrate, risperidone, or phenobarbital can also be used. See also
Chorea

References
Further reading
Palanivelu, L. M. (2007). "Chorea gravidarum". Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 27 (3): 310. doi:10.1080/01443610701241134. PMID 17464821. S2CID 119999. == External links ==
About 120 mutations are associated with this condition and OCRL gene which is associated with oculocerebrorenal syndrome

Diagnosis
Diagnosis of oculocerebrorenal syndrome can be done via genetic testing Among the different investigations that can de done are:
Urinalysis
MRI
Blood test

Treatment
In terms of treatment of oculocerebrorenal syndrome for those individuals who are affected by this condition includes the following:
Glaucoma control (via medication)
Nasogastric tube feeding
Physical therapy
Clomipramine
Potassium citrate

Epidemiology
Because oculocerebrorenal syndrome is an X-linked recessive condition, the disease develops mostly in men with very rare occurrences in women, while women are carriers of the disease; it has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 500,000 people. History
It was first described in 1952 by American paediatrician Charles Upton Lowe (August 24, 1921 – February 9, 2012) and colleagues at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. Because of the three major organ systems involved (eyes, brain and kidney), it is known as oculocerebrorenal syndrome. See also
List of congenital disorders

References
Further reading
Bökenkamp, Arend; Ludwig, Michael (1 January 2016). "The oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe: an update". Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 31 (12): 2201–2212. doi:10.1007/s00467-016-3343-3. ISSN 0931-041X. PMC 5118406. PMID 27011217. == External links ==