At 3–14 years of age:
2 major criteria or 1 major and 3 minor criteria. Major criteria are:

ALMS1 mutation in 1 allele and/or family history of Alström syndrome,
Vision pathology (nystagmus, photophobia, diminished acuity). If old enough for testing: cone dystrophy by ERG.Minor criteria:

Obesity and/or insulin resistance and/or Type 2 Diabetes
History of dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure
Hearing loss
Liver dysfunction
Kidney failure
Advanced bone ageVariable supportive evidence:
Recurrent pulmonary infections, normal digits, delayed developmental milestones, hyperlipidemia, scoliosis, flat wide feet
hypothyroidism, hypertension, recurrent urinary tract infection, growth hormone deficiency. Presentation 15 years – adulthood:
2 major and 2 minor criteria or 1 major and 4 minor criteria. Major criteria are:

ALMS1 mutation in 1 allele and/or family history of Alström syndrome. Vision pathology (history of nystagmus in infancy/childhood, legal blindness, cone and rod dystrophy by ERG).Minor criteria:

Obesity and/or insulin resistance and/or Type 2 Diabetes
History of dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure. Hearing loss
Hepatic dysfunction
Renal failure
Short stature
Males: hypogonadism, Females: irregular menses and/or hyperandrogenismOther supportive features:
Recurrent pulmonary infections, normal digits, history of developmental delay, hyperlipidemia, scoliosis, flat wide feet,
hypothyroidism, hypertension, recurrent urinary tract infections/urinary dysfunction, growth hormone deficiency, alopecia. Prevention
Prevention for Alström syndrome is considered to be harder compared to other diseases/syndromes because it is an inherited condition. However, there are other options that are available for parents with a family history of Alström syndrome. Genetic testing and counseling are available where individuals are able to meet with a genetic counselor to discuss risks of having the children with the disease.
Sandfly fever can refer to:

Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar
Pappataci fever, or Papatasi fever, an acute febrile arboviral infection (most commonly referred to if not otherwise specified)