Transplanting hepatocytes was ineffective, but liver endothelial cells were effective.In the blood, it mainly circulates in a stable 
noncovalent complex with von Willebrand factor. Upon activation by thrombin (factor IIa), it dissociates from the complex to interact with factor IXa in the coagulation cascade. It is a cofactor to factor IXa in the activation of factor X, which, in turn, with its cofactor factor Va, activates more thrombin. Thrombin cleaves fibrinogen into fibrin which polymerizes and crosslinks (using factor XIII) into a blood clot. The factor VIII protein has a half-life of 12 hours in the blood stream when stabilized by the von Willebrand factor. No longer protected by vWF, activated FVIII is proteolytically inactivated in the process (most prominently by activated protein C and factor IXa) and quickly cleared from the blood stream. Factor VIII is not affected by liver disease. In fact, levels usually are elevated in such instances. Medical use
FVIII concentrated from donated blood plasma, or alternatively recombinant FVIIa can be given to hemophiliacs to restore hemostasis. Antibody formation to factor VIII can also be a major concern for patients receiving therapy against bleeding; the incidence of these inhibitors is dependent of various factors, including the factor VIII product itself. Immunostain target
Factor VIII related antigen is used as a target for immunohistochemistry, where endothelial cells, megakaryocytes, platelets and mast cells normally stain positive. Contamination scandal
In the 1980s, some pharmaceutical companies such as Baxter International and Bayer sparked controversy by continuing to sell contaminated factor VIII after new heat-treated versions were available.
A papulosquamous disorder is a condition which presents with both papules and scales, or both scaly papules and plaques.Examples include psoriasis, lichen planus, and pityriasis rosea. See also
List of cutaneous conditions

References
Further reading
Norman RA, Blanco PM (2003). "Papulosquamous diseases in the elderly". Dermatologic Therapy. 16 (3): 231–42. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8019.2003.01633.x. PMID 14510880.
http://www.emedicine.com/derm/index.shtml#papulosquamous


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