Clinical reluctance to diagnose BPD is a key barrier to the provision of effective treatment in adolescent populations.A BPD diagnosis in adolescence might predict that the disorder will continue into adulthood. Among individuals diagnosed with BPD during adolescence, there appears to be one group in which the disorder remains stable over time and another group in which the individuals move in and out of the diagnosis. Earlier diagnoses may be helpful in creating a more effective treatment plan for the adolescent. Family therapy is considered a helpful component of treatment for adolescents with BPD. Differential diagnosis and comorbidity
Lifetime comorbid (co-occurring) conditions are common in BPD. Compared to those diagnosed with other personality disorders, people with BPD showed a higher rate of also meeting criteria for
mood disorders, including major depression and bipolar disorder
anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
other personality disorders, including schizotypal, antisocial and dependent personality disorder
substance use
eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
somatic symptom disorders (formerly known as somatoform disorders: a category of mental disorders included in a number of diagnostic schemes of mental illness)
dissociative disordersA diagnosis of a personality disorder should not be made during an untreated mood episode/disorder, unless the lifetime history supports the presence of a personality disorder. Comorbid Axis I disorders
A 2008 study found that at some point in their lives, 75% of people with BPD meet criteria for mood disorders, especially major depression and bipolar I, and nearly 75% meet criteria for an anxiety disorder.
Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma is a subtype of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma first described by Cavazzana, Schmidt and Ninfo in 1992. This subtype has a more favorable clinical course and prognosis than usual embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma typically occurs in young males and most commonly occurs in paratesticular soft tissue, followed by the head and neck. == References ==