Minimally invasive procedures as; bilateral greater occipital nerve block  or sphenopalatine ganglion block. Persistent and severe PDPH may require an epidural blood patch. A small amount of the persons blood is injected into the epidural space near the site of the original puncture; the resulting blood clot then "patches" the meningeal leak. EBP is effective, and further intervention is rarely necessary. 25-35% of patients suffer from transient back pain after EBP. More rare complications of EBP include misplacement of blood leading to spinal subdural hematoma or intrathecal injection and arachnoiditis, infection with subdural abscess, facial nerve paralysis, spastic paraparesis and cauda equina syndrome. Epidemiology
Estimates for the overall incidence of PDPH vary between 0.1% and 36%. It is more common in younger patients (especially in the 18–30 age group), females (especially those who are pregnant), and those with a low body mass index (BMI). The low prevalence in elderly patients may be due to a less stretchable dura mater. It is also more common with the use of larger diameter needles.
Treatment
Although there has been no cure of chronic hypersomnia, there are several treatments that may improve patients quality of life—depending on the specific cause or causes of hypersomnia that are diagnosed.Because the causes of hypersomnia are unknown, it is only possible to treat symptoms and not directly the cause of this disorder. Behavioral treatments, as well as sleep hygiene, have to be discussed with the patient and are recommended. There are several pharmacological agents that have been prescribed to patients with hypersomnia, but few have been found to be efficient. Modafinil has been found to be the most effective drug against the excessive sleepiness, and has even been shown to be helpful in children with hypersomnia. The dosage is started at 100 mg per day, and then slowly increased to 400 mg per day.In general, patients with hypersomnia or excessive sleepiness should only go to bed to sleep or for sexual activity. All other activities, such as eating or watching television, should be done elsewhere. For those patients, it is also important to go to bed only when they feel tired, than trying to fall asleep for hours. In that case, they probably should get out of bed and read or watch television until they get sleepy. Epidemiology
Hypersomnia affects approximately 5% to 10% of the general population, "with a higher prevalence for men due to the sleep apnea syndromes". See also
Encephalitis lethargica
Reticular formation
Sleep medicine
Somnolence

References
External links

Help: I cant stay awake! - Public Radio Interview with Dr. David Rye
med/3129 at eMedicine - "Primary Hypersomnia"