The WHO recommends the use of amantadine as a combination therapy to reduce levodopa side effects. Off-label uses
Fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Amantadine, along with modafinil and methylphenidate, are the most commonly used medications for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) related fatigue in clinical practice. A 2007 Cochrane literature review concluded that there was no overall evidence supporting the use of amantadine in treating fatigue in patients with MS. A follow up 2012 Cochrane review stated that there may be some amantadine-induced improvement in fatigue in some people with MS. Despite multiple control trials that have also demonstrated improvements in subjective and objective ratings of fatigue, there is no final conclusion regarding its effectiveness.Consensus guidelines from the German Multiple Sclerosis Society (GMSS) in 2006 state that amantadine produces moderate improvement in subjective fatigue, problem solving, memory, and concentration. Thus, GMSS guidelines strongly recommend the use of amantadine in MS-related fatigue.In the UK NICE recommends considering amantadine for MS fatigue. Awareness in patients with disorders of consciousness
Disorders of consciousness (DoC) include coma, vegetative state (VS), and minimally conscious state (MCS). Amantadine has been shown to increase the rate of emergence from a MCS, defined by consistent demonstration of interactive communication and functional objective use. In traumatic brain injury patients in the intensive care unit, amantadine has also been shown in various randomized control trials to increase the rate of functional recovery and arousal, particularly in the time period immediately following an injury.
Umbilical cord compression is the obstruction of blood flow through the umbilical cord secondary to pressure from an external object or misalignment of the cord itself. Cord compression happens in about one in 10 deliveries. Causes
Nuchal cord, when the umbilical cord is (tightly) around the neck of the fetus
Entanglement of the cord
Knot in the cord
Cord prolapse, where the umbilical cord exits the birth canal before the baby, which can cause cord compression. As a complication of oligohydramnios in which there is insufficient amniotic fluid
Compression during uterine contractions in childbirth

Diagnosis
On cardiotocography (CTG), umbilical cord compression can present with variable decelerations in fetal heart rate. Treatment
Umbilical cord compression may be relieved by the mother switching to another position. In persistent severe signs of fetal distress, Cesarean section may be needed. References


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