Vatican II ordered their reformation for the Catholic Church in 1963, though they continue to be observed in the Orthodox churches. When mechanical clocks began to be used to show hours of daylight or nighttime, their period needed to be changed every morning and evening (for example, by changing the length of their pendula). The use of 24 hours for the entire day meant hours varied much less and the clocks needed to be adjusted only a few times a month. Modernity
The minor irregularities of the apparent solar day were smoothed by measuring time using the mean solar day, using the Suns movement along the celestial equator rather than along the ecliptic. The irregularities of this time system were so minor that most clocks reckoning such hours did not need adjustment. However, scientific measurements eventually became precise enough to note the effect of tidal deceleration of the Earth by the Moon, which gradually lengthens the Earths days. During the French Revolution, a general decimalisation of measures was enacted, including decimal time between 1793 and 1795. Under its provisions, the French hour (French: heure) was 1⁄10 of the day and divided formally into 100 decimal minutes (minute décimale) and informally into 10 tenths (décime). This hour was only briefly in official use, being repealed by the same 1795 legislation that first established the metric system. The metric system bases its measurements of time upon the second, defined since 1952 in terms of the Earths rotation in AD 1900.
Since the intestinal content of this portion is unable to move forward, food or drink should be avoided until peristaltic sound is heard, by auscultation (use of a stethoscope) of the area where this portion lies. Intestinal atony or paralysis may be caused by inhibitory neural reflexes, inflammation or other implication of neurohumoral peptides. Risk factors
gastrointestinal surgery or other GI procedures
electrolyte imbalance (Namely hypokalemia and hypercalcemia)
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and other causes of metabolic acidosis
hypothyroidism
diabetes
medications (e.g. opioids or antimuscarinics)
severe illness (Inflammation with peritonitis)
spinal cord injury, those with injury above thoracic vertebrae 5 (T5) will have hypomotility problems within the bowel
acute intermittent porphyria

Treatment
Traditionally, nothing by mouth was considered to be mandatory in all cases, but gentle feeding by enteral feeding tube may help to restore motility by triggering the guts normal feedback signals, so this is the recommended management initially. When the patient has severe, persistent signs that motility is completely disrupted, nasogastric suction and parenteral nutrition may be required until passage is restored. In such cases, continuing aggressive enteral feeding causes a risk of perforating the gut. Several options are available in the case of paralytic ileus. Most treatment is supportive. If caused by medication, the offending agent is discontinued or reduced. Bowel movements may be stimulated by prescribing lactulose, erythromycin or, in severe cases that are thought to have a neurological component (such as Ogilvies syndrome), neostigmine.