MGUS is categorized into the following sub-types based upon the identity and levels of the myeloma proteins detected as well as the prognoses for progressive disease indicated by these myeloma protein findings. Non-IgM MGUS
Non-IgM MGUS, commonly termed MGUS, is diagnosed in individuals who exhibit a serum IgG, IgD, IgA, or IgE monoclonal protein with or without increased levels of blood and/or urine free κ or λ light chains. These patients typically also show small increases in bone marrow plasma cells. Further requirements for the diagnosis of non-IgM MGUS are: a) bone marrow clonal plasma cells <10% of total nucleated cells; b) absence of any of the four CRAB criteria (CRAB criteria are C = Calcium serum levels >1 milligram/deciliter above normal values and/or a serum level >11 milligram/deciliter; R = Renal insufficiency as defined by a glomerular filtration rate <40 milliliter/minute and/or a serum creatinine >2 gram/deciliter due to myeloma protein-induced kidney damaged; A = Anemia, as defined by a  blood hemoglobin level >2 gram/deciliter below normal and/or <10 gram/deciliter due to the plasma cell dyscrasia rather than e.g. iron deficiency or blood loss; B = Bone lesions, i.e. ≥1 lytic (i.e. bone re-adsorbing) bone lesion due to a plasmacytoma as detected by skeletal radiography, computed tomography, or positron emission tomography-computed tomography); c) no evidence of a plasmacytoma in bone or soft tissues, of amyloidosis, or of another plasma cell disorder; d) a ratio of free serum light chains (i.e.
Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it constitutes about half of serum protein. It is produced in the liver. It is soluble in water, and it is monomeric.Albumin transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintains oncotic pressure, among other functions. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin, which has an N-terminal peptide that is removed before the nascent protein is released from the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The product, proalbumin, is in turn cleaved in the Golgi apparatus to produce the secreted albumin. The reference range for albumin concentrations in serum is approximately 35–50 g/L (3.5–5.0 g/dL). It has a serum half-life of approximately 21 days. It has a molecular mass of 66.5 kDa. The gene for albumin is located on chromosome 4 in locus 4q13.3 and mutations in this gene can result in anomalous proteins. The human albumin gene is 16,961 nucleotides long from the putative cap site to the first poly(A) addition site. It is split into 15 exons that are symmetrically placed within the 3 domains thought to have arisen by triplication of a single primordial domain. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a highly water-soluble globular monomeric plasma protein with a relative molecular weight of 67 KDa, consisting of 585 amino acid residues, one sulfhydryl group and 17 disulfide bridges.