Death due to drowning is known to be high in the Sundarbans region in West Bengal and in Bihar.According to Daily Times  in rural Pakistan while boats are preferred mode of transport where available same time,  due to influence of female modesty culture in Pakistan generally  women are not encouraged in swimming; in a 2022 July tragedy at Sadiqabad when a boat carrying 100 people capsized in Indus river, many could rescue themselves but 19 women were confirmed dead by drowning since they could not save themselves by swimming. Africa
In lower income countries, cases of drowning and deaths caused by drowning are under reported and data collection is limited. In spite of this, many low-income countries in Africa still exhibit some of the highest rates of drowning, with incidence rates calculated from population based studies across 15 different countries (Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Cote dIvoire, and the Gambia) ranging from 0.33 per 100,000 population to 502 per 100,000 population. Potential risk factors include young age, male gender, having to commute across or work on the water (e.g. Fishermen), quality and carrying capacity of the boat, and poor weather. United States
In the United States, drowning is the second leading cause of death (after motor vehicle accidents) in children 12 and younger.People who drown are more likely to be male, young, or adolescent. There is a racial disparity found in drowning incidents.
As this distinction does not change management or prognosis but causes significant confusion due to alternate definitions and misunderstandings, it is generally established that pathophysiological discussions of "dry" versus "wet" drowning are not relevant to drowning care. "Dry drowning" is frequently cited in the news with a wide variety of definitions. and is often confused with the equally inappropriate and discredited term "secondary drowning" or "delayed drowning". Various conditions including spontaneous pneumothorax, chemical pneumonitis, bacterial or viral pneumonia, head injury, asthma, heart attack, and chest trauma have been misattributed to the erroneous terms "delayed drowning," "secondary drowning," and "dry drowning." Currently, there has never been a case identified in the medical literature where a person was observed to be without symptoms and who died hours or days later as a direct result of drowning alone. Capital punishment
In Europe, drowning was used as capital punishment. During the Middle Ages, a sentence of death was read using the words cum fossa et furca, or "with pit and gallows".Drowning survived as a method of execution in Europe until the 17th and 18th centuries. England had abolished the practice by 1623, Scotland by 1685, Switzerland in 1652, Austria in 1776, Iceland in 1777, and Russia by the beginning of the 1800s. France revived the practice during the French Revolution (1789–1799) and it was carried out by Jean-Baptiste Carrier at Nantes. References
External links
Canadian Red Cross: Drowning Research: Drownings in Canada, 10 Years of Research Module 2 – Ice & Cold Water Immersion