Kyphoscoliosis is excluded by diagnostic imaging of the spine, wherein pectus excavatum the spine usually appears normal in structure. Treatment
Pectus excavatum requires no corrective procedures in mild cases. Treatment of severe cases can involve either invasive or non-invasive techniques or a combination of both. Before an operation proceeds several tests are usually performed. These include, but are not limited to, a CT scan, pulmonary function tests, and cardiology exams (such as auscultation and ECGs). After a CT scan is taken, the Haller index is measured. The patients Haller is calculated by obtaining the ratio of the transverse diameter (the horizontal distance of the inside of the ribcage) and the anteroposterior diameter (the shortest distance between the vertebrae and sternum). A Haller Index of greater than 3.25 is generally considered severe, while normal chest has an index of 2.5. The cardiopulmonary tests are used to determine the lung capacity and to check for heart murmurs. Conservative treatment
The chest wall is elastic, gradually stiffening with age. Non-surgical treatments have been developed that aim at gradually alleviating the pectus excavatum condition, making use of the elasticity of the chest wall, including the costal cartilages, in particular in young cases. Exercise
Physical exercise  has an important role in conservative pectus excavatum treatment though is not seen as a means to resolve the condition on its own.
Presence of a trigger area in the posterior wall of the auditory canal
C. Not attributed to another disorder

Treatment
Pharmacological
A trial of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine is common for patients diagnosed with GN. For patients who do not tolerate or respond to carbamazepine, alternative drugs include oxcarbazepine, gabapentin, phenytoin, lamotrigine, and baclofen. In addition, tricyclics (e.g., amitriptyline) and pregabalin are useful in other types of neuropathic pain. Surgical
A variety of surgeries have been performed including microvascular decompression (MVD) of the fifth, ninth, and tenth nerves; as well as partial cutting of the nervus intermedius, geniculate ganglion, chorda tympani and/or the ninth and tenth cranial nerves. References


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