A count of 250 neutrophils per ml or higher is considered diagnostic for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Cultures of the fluid can be taken, but the yield is approximately 40% (72-90% if blood culture bottles are used). Contraindications
Mild hematologic abnormalities do not increase the risk of bleeding. The risk of bleeding may be increased if:
prothrombin time > 21 seconds
international normalized ratio >  1.6
platelet count < 50,000 per cubic millimeter.Absolute contraindication is the acute abdomen that requires surgery. Relative contraindications are:
Pregnancy
Distended urinary bladder
Abdominal wall cellulitis
Distended bowel
Intra-abdominal adhesions. See also
Anterior chamber paracentesis

References
External links

WebMD: Patient guide
Diagnosis of a pericardial cyst can also be made before birth using ultrasound.The differential diagnosis for a suspected pericardial cyst includes a bronchial cyst, pericardial effusion, teratoma, lymphangioma, pericardial fat, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, neuroenteric cyst, and congenital cyst from the primitive foregut. A pericardial cyst also may look similar on imaging to a pericardial diverticula, which is connected to the pericardium and not fully walled off like a pericardial cyst. Management
Pericardial cysts that are small and cause no symptoms can be followed with repeat imaging through echocardiogram, CT, or MRI to assess for changes. Pericardial cysts that are large or cause symptoms may be candidates for percutaneous aspiration, ethanol sclerosis, or surgery. Percutaneous aspiration removes the fluid from inside the cyst, and ethanol sclerosis uses the injection of ethanol into the cyst after aspiration to decrease the likelihood of cyst recurrence. Percutaneous aspiration with ethanol sclerosis is typically the first treatment for pericardial cyst that requires management. Surgery can remove a pericardial cyst through a thoracotomy, sternotomy, mediastinoscopy, or video-assisted thoracic surgery. The type of surgery is chosen based on the size and location of the pericardial cyst. Prognosis
With most pericardial cysts having no symptoms, the prognosis is very good. The cysts can resolve without intervention. If percutaneous aspiration is performed, the recurrence rate of pericardial cysts is about 30-33%. Although pericardial cysts are benign, the location of cysts can rarely cause life-threatening emergencies by compressing the heart or lungs. Epidemiology
Pericardial cysts have an incidence of 1 in 100,000.