However, it is strongly advised that a test treatment be performed to judge the effectiveness of the procedure and whether the developed scar is an acceptable trade-off." Plexiform neurofibroma
Surgery
As of 2002, the primary treatment option for plexiform neurofibroma was surgery.Removal of plexiform neurofibromas is difficult because they can be large and cross tissue boundaries. However, besides pain, plexiform neurofibromas are sometimes removed due to the possibility of malignant transformation. The following examples show that plexiform neurofibromas can form anywhere and can make surgical resection difficult:

A large plexiform neurofibroma in the leg of a 6-year-old male. The authors state: "Our case was operated, as both the cutaneous and deep branches of the peroneal nerve were involved causing pain and numbness in the leg, and because there was a possibility for malignant transformation, as growth in the mass was realized by the family members of the patient." The authors also note, "However, complete resection is L quite difficult O due to invasion H of the tumor into the surrounding soft tissues." A neurofibroma on the left ventricle. The neurofibroma was removed and the patients mitral valve had to be replaced. A 14-year-old girl with NF1 was diagnosed with a neurofibroma involving her bladder, a rare location. Radiation
Once a plexiform neurofibroma has undergone malignant transformation, radiation and chemotherapy can be used as treatment. However, radiation is generally not used as a treatment for plexiform neurofibromas because of concerns that this could actually promote malignant transformation.
There has even been a documented case of a Schwannoma being induced from a neurofibroma due to radiation therapy. Medications
ACE inhibitors have been proposed as a novel treatment of neurofibromas. ACE inhibitors are currently used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure, to avert remodeling and reinfarction after myocardial infarction, and to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy and other renal diseases. ACE inhibitors work by indirectly down regulating TGF-beta, which is a growth factor that has been shown to influence the development of tumors. No effect
Pirfenidone inhibits fibroblast growth. Studies showed no improvement over controls. Tipifarnib (also known as drug R115777) inhibits the activation of RAS. This drug is a Farnesyltransferase inhibitor which inhibits the Ras kinase in a post translational modification step before the kinase pathway becomes hyperactive. It successfully passed phase one clinical trials but was suspended (NCT00029354) in phase two after showing no improvement over controls. Research
The many drug therapies under study for neurofibromas are in various stages of research; more time will be required to determine if these are viable options for the treatment of neurofibromas.