In the United States guns are a more common method of homicide (9,484 versus 1,897 for stabbing or cutting in 2008).Stab wounds occur four times more than gunshot wounds in the United Kingdom, but the mortality rate associated with stabbing has ranged from 0-4% as 85% of injuries sustained from stab wounds only affect subcutaneous tissue. Most assaults resulting in a stab wound occur to and by men and persons of ethnic minorities. History
Some of the first principles of wound care come from Hippocrates who promoted keeping wounds dry except for irrigation. Guy de Chauliac would promote removal of foreign bodies, rejoining of severed tissues, maintenance of tissue continuity, preservation of organ substance, and prevention of complications. The first successful operation on a person who was stabbed in the heart was performed in 1896 by Ludwig Rehn, in what is now considered the first case of heart surgery. In the late 1800s it was hard to treat stab wounds because of poor transportation of victims to health facilities and the low ability for surgeons to effectively repair organs. However, the use of laparotomy, which has been developed a few years earlier, had provided better patient outcomes than had been seen before. After its inception, the use of exploratory laparotomies was highly encouraged for "all deep stab wounds" in which surgeons were to stop active bleeding, repair damage, and remove "devitalized tissues".
Poikiloderma of Civatte is a cutaneous condition and refers to reticulated red to red-brown skin patches with telangiectasias. It is identifiable as a reddish-brown discoloration on the side of the neck, usually on both sides. It is more common in lighter-skinned individuals, in females rather than in males and more often affects middle-aged to elderly women. This disease is basically a change of the skin due to dilation of the blood vessels in the neck. "Civatte" was the French dermatologist who first identified it in the 1920s. See also
Cutis rhomboidalis nuchae
List of cutaneous conditions
Poikiloderma
Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans

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