Cardiomyocytes reach their maximum length of 150 
  
    
      
        μ
      
    
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  m in the endocardium and 130 
  
    
      
        μ
      
    
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  m in the epicardium by the addition of sarcomeres. Due to the increase in diameter, the dilated heart appears spherical in shape, as opposed the elliptical shape of a healthy human heart. In addition, the ventricular walls maintain the same thickness, characteristic of pathophysiological cardiac dilation. Valvular effects
As the ventricles enlarge, both the mitral and tricuspid valves may lose their ability to come together properly. This loss of coaptation may lead to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. As a result, those with DCM are at increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, stroke volume is decreased and a greater volume load is placed on the ventricle, thus increasing heart failure symptoms. Diagnosis
Generalized enlargement of the heart is seen upon normal chest X-ray. Pleural effusion may also be noticed, which is due to pulmonary venous hypertension.The electrocardiogram often shows sinus tachycardia or atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, left atrial enlargement, and sometimes intraventricular conduction defects and low voltage.
A blighted ovum is a pregnancy in which the embryo never develops or develops and is reabsorbed. In a normal pregnancy, an embryo would be visible on an ultrasound by six weeks after the womans last menstrual period. Anembryonic gestation is one of the causes of miscarriage of a pregnancy.A blighted ovum or anembryonic gestation is characterized by a normal-appearing gestational sac, but the absence of an embryo. It likely occurs as a result of early embryonic death with continued development of the trophoblast. When small, the sac cannot be distinguished from the early normal pregnancy, as there may be a yolk sac, though a fetal pole is not seen. For diagnosis, the sac must be of sufficient size that the absence of normal embryonic elements is established. The criteria depends on the type of ultrasound exam performed. A pregnancy is anembryonic if a transvaginal ultrasound reveals a sac with a mean gestational sac diameter (MGD) greater than 25 mm and no yolk sac, or an MGD >25 mm with no embryo. Transabdominal imaging without transvaginal scanning may be sufficient for diagnosing early pregnancy failure when
an embryo whose crown–rump length is 15 mm or more has no visible cardiac activity. See also
Ovum
Products of conception

References
External links

Blighted Ovum on WebMD
Anembryonic pregnancy on Radiopaedia.org
Johnson, MR; Riddle, AF; Sharma, V; Collins, WP; Nicolaides, KH; Grudzinskas, JG (January 1993). "Placental and ovarian hormones in anembryonic pregnancy". Human Reproduction (Oxford, England). 8 (1): 112–5. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137857. PMID 8458911.