Actinomycetes usually respond well to medical treatment, but eukaryotic infections are generally resistant and may require surgical interventions including salvage procedures as bone resection or even the more radical amputation. Epidemiology
The disease is more common in males aged 20–40 years who work as labourers, farmers and herders, and in travellers to tropical regions, where the condition is endemic. History
Madura foot or maduromycosis or maduramycosis is described in ancient writings of India as Padavalmika, which, translated means Foot anthill. The first modern description of Madura foot was made in 1842 from Madurai (the city after which the disease was named Madura-mycosis) in India, by Gill. The fungal cause of the disease was established in 1860 by Carter. Society and culture
In 2016, the World Health Organization recognised eumycetoma as a neglected tropical disease. Traditionally occurring in regions where resources are scarce, medicines may be expensive and diagnosis is frequently made late, when more invasive treatment may be required. References


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The star witness for the case against Bendectin, William McBride, was later found to have falsified research on teratogenic effects of the drug, and was struck off the medical register in Australia.An extensive review of the evidence submitted in legal proceedings regarding Bendectin has been summarized and found no evidence that the drug in clinical use was linked to birth defects.The FDA, in 1999, published a statement in the Federal Register that summarized their opinion regarding the safety of pyridoxine/doxylamine during pregnancy: “The FDA has determined that the drug product Bendectin, a tablet composed of pyridoxine hydrochloride 10 mg, and doxylamine succinate 10 mg, for the prevention of nausea of pregnancy was not withdrawn from the market for reasons of safety or effectiveness”. On Monday April 8, 2013, the FDA approved the return of the doxylamine-pyridoxine combination under the new trademark name of Diclegis. The medication is manufactured by Duchesnay Inc, a company later shown to not disclose conflict of interests with authors, leading to Canadian Family Physician to correct several articles because of their behavior and the lack of research that shows that there was medically significant results.In July 2015, the drug company came under considerable scrutiny for promoting its drug through the American celebrity Kim Kardashian through the social media platforms Facebook and Instagram.In October 2015, Toronto, Canada physicians Drs.