Vigabatrin, brand name Sabril, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. It became available as a generic medication in 2019.It works by inhibiting the breakdown of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is also known as γ-vinyl-GABA, and is a structural analogue of GABA, but does not bind to GABA receptors. Medical uses
Epilepsy
In Canada, vigabatrin is approved for use as an adjunctive treatment (with other drugs) in treatment resistant epilepsy, complex partial seizures, secondary generalized seizures, and for monotherapy use in infantile spasms in West syndrome.As of 2003, vigabatrin is approved in Mexico for the treatment of epilepsy that is not satisfactorily controlled by conventional therapy (adjunctive or monotherapy) or in recently diagnosed patients who have not tried other agents (monotherapy).Vigabatrin is also indicated for monotherapy use in secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, and in infantile spasms due to West syndrome.On August 21, 2009, Lundbeck announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration had granted two New Drug Application approvals for vigabatrin. The drug is indicated as monotherapy for pediatric patients one month to two years of age with infantile spasms for whom  the potential benefits outweigh the potential risk of vision loss, and as adjunctive (add-on) therapy for adult patients with refractory complex partial seizures (CPS) who have inadequately responded to several alternative treatments and for whom the potential benefits outweigh the risk of vision loss.In 1994, Feucht and Brantner-Inthaler reported that vigabatrin reduced seizures by 50-100% in 85% of children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome who had poor results with sodium valproate.
Aschers syndrome, is a rare disorder first described in 1920. It is characterized by repeated episodes of lip and eyelid edema and occasionally euthyroid goiter. The syndrome generally occurs within the first 20 years of life. About 100 cases had been described by 1998. Signs and Symptoms
Blepharochalasis : Recurrent episodes of swelling cause stretching and atrophy of the upper eyelid skin. This results in the relaxation of the tarsal fold allowing tissue to slack over the palpebral fissure. In severe cases, the lower eyelid is also involved. Double Upper Lip : Swelling causes duplication between the inner and outer parts of the upper lip. Occasionally the lower lip is involved. Euthyroid Goiter : Occurs in 10% of cases. It is not usually associated with toxic symptoms. Goiter usually presents several years after initial eyelid and lip edema. Diagnosis
Treatment
Cosmetic surgery is generally the treatment of choice. References


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