The VACTERL association (also VATER association, and less accurately VACTERL syndrome) refers to a recognized group of birth defects which tend to co-occur (see below). This pattern is a recognized association, as opposed to a syndrome, because there is no known pathogenetic cause to explain the grouped incidence. Each child with this condition can be unique. At present this condition is treated after birth with issues being approached one at a time. Some infants are born with symptoms that cannot be treated and they do not survive. Also, VACTERL association can be linked to other similar conditions such as Klippel Feil and Goldenhar syndrome including crossovers of conditions. No specific genetic or chromosome problem has been identified with VACTERL association. VACTERL can be seen with some chromosomal defects such as Trisomy 18 and is more frequently seen in babies of diabetic mothers. VACTERL association, however, is most likely caused by multiple factors.VACTERL association specifically refers to the abnormalities in structures derived from the embryonic mesoderm. Signs and symptoms
The following features are observed with VACTERL association:
V - Vertebral anomalies
A - Anorectal malformations
C - Cardiovascular anomalies
T - Tracheoesophageal fistula
E - Esophageal atresia
R - Renal (Kidney) and/or radial anomalies
L - Limb defectsAlthough it was not conclusive whether VACTERL should be defined by at least two or three component defects, it is typically defined by the presence of at least three of the above congenital malformations.
See also
22q11 deletion syndrome
Absent radius
CHARGE Association
Holt–Oram syndrome
Feingold syndrome
Pallister–Hall syndrome
Townes–Brocks syndrome

References
Further reading
McMullen, KP; Karnes, PS; Moir, CR; Michels, VV (Jun 28, 1996). "Familial recurrence of tracheoesophageal fistula and associated malformations". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 63 (4): 525–8. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19960628)63:4<525::aid-ajmg3>3.0.co;2-n. PMID 8826429. == External links ==