Studies of the effectiveness of various drugs for treatment of children with F. buski have shown tetrachloroethylene as capable of reducing faecal egg counts by up to 99%. Other anthelmintics that can be used include thiabendazole, mebendazole, levamisole and pyrantel pamoate. Oxyclozanide, hexachlorophene and nitroxynil are also highly effective. Epidemiology
F. buski is endemic in Asia including China, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India. It has an up to 60% prevalence in worst-affected communities in southern and eastern India and mainland China and has an estimated 10 million human infections. Infections occur most often in school-aged children or in impoverished areas with a lack of proper sanitation systems.A study from 1950s found that F. buski was endemic in central Thailand, affecting about 2,936 people due to infected aquatic plants called water caltrops and the snail hosts which were associated with them. The infection, or the eggs which hatch in the aquatic environment, were correlated with the water pollution in different districts of Thailand such as Ayuthaya Province. The high incidence of infection was prevalent in females and children ages 10–14 years of age. References
Further reading
Graczyk TK, Gilman RH, Fried B (2001). "Fasciolopsiasis: is it a controllable food-borne disease?". Parasitol. Res. 87 (1): 80–3. doi:10.1007/s004360000299. PMID 11199855. S2CID 19075125. Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA (2005). "Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses". Int. J. Parasitol. 35 (11–12): 1255–78. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.07.010. PMID 16150452.
http://www.ijmm.org/text.asp?2017/35/4/551/224440
Fasciolopsiasis in children: Clinical, Sociodemographic Profile and outcome. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology2017 vol 35, issue 4 page 551-554DOI:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_17_7


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Hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS) is a vascular occlusion in humans in the region of the ulna. It is caused by repetitive trauma to the hand or wrist (such as that caused by the use of a hammer) by the vulnerable portion of the ulnar artery as it passes over the hamate bone, which may result in thrombosis, irregularity or aneurysm formation. HHS is a potentially curable cause of Raynauds syndrome, distinct from hand–arm vibration syndrome. Cause
Diagnosis
A physical examination of the hand may show discoloration (blanching, mottling, and/ or cyanosis; gangrene  may be present in advanced cases), unusual tenderness/ a callous over the hypothenar eminence, and fingertip ulcerations and splinter hemorrhages over ulnar digits; if an aneurysm is present, there may also be a pulsatile mass. Allens test will be positive if an occlusion is present and negative if an aneurysm is present. An angiogram may show a "corkscrew" ulnar artery or an occlusion or aneurysm at the hook of the hamate. Treatment
Noninvasive treatments have an 80% success rate; Example: switch jobs, stop smoking, regular finger exercise, surgical options exist for other instances. Epidemiology
HHS, though rare, occurs much more frequently in men than in women (9:1) and principally affects those in their 40s and 50s. == References ==