Thus, ESW-FLI1 inhibition of the microRNA miRNA-145 leads to increased pluripotency and decreased differentiation of cells and increased oncogenesis.A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified three susceptibility loci located on chromosomes 1, 10 and 15. A continuative study discovered that the Ewing sarcoma susceptibility gene EGR2, which is  located within the chromosome 10 susceptibility locus, is regulated by the EWSR1-FLI1 fusion oncogene via a GGAA-microsatellite.EWS/FLI functions as the master regulator. Other translocations are at t(21;22) and t(7;22). Ewing sarcoma cells are positive for CD99 and MIC2, and negative for CD45. Diagnosis
The definitive diagnosis is based on histomorphologic findings, immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology. Ewing sarcoma is a small-blue-round-cell tumor that typically has a clear cytoplasm on H&E staining, due to glycogen. The presence of the glycogen can be demonstrated with positive PAS staining and negative PAS diastase staining. The characteristic immunostain is CD99, which diffusely marks the cell membrane. However, as CD99 is not specific for Ewing sarcoma, several auxiliary immunohistochemical markers can be employed to support the histological diagnosis. Morphologic and immunohistochemical findings are corroborated with an associated chromosomal translocation, of which several occur. The most common translocation, present in about 90% of Ewing sarcoma cases, is t(11;22)(q24;q12), which generates an aberrant transcription factor through fusion of the EWSR1 gene with the FLI1 gene.The pathologic differential diagnosis is the grouping of small-blue-round-cell tumors, which includes lymphoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumor, among others.
Vestura is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Charles Swinhoe in 1904. Its only species, Vestura minereusalis, was first described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found in Borneo, Sumatra and Singapore. == References ==