In 1976, Friedrich defined LS as a dystrophic, not an atrophic condition; "et atrophicus" was dropped. The International Society for Study of Vulvar Disease classification system established that "kraurosis" and "leukoplakia" were no longer to be used. In 1980, fluorinated and superpotent steroids were first used in LS. In 1981, studies into HLA serotypes and LS were published. In 1984, etretinate and acetretin were used in LS. In 1987, LS was linked with Borrelia infection.Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus was first described in 1887 by François Henri Hallopeau. Since not all cases of lichen sclerosus exhibit atrophic tissue, et atrophicus was dropped in 1976 by the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), officially proclaiming the name lichen sclerosus. See also
Lichen planus
List of cutaneous conditions
List of cutaneous conditions associated with increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer
List of human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with cutaneous conditions

References
External links
NIAMS – Questions and Answers About Lichen Sclerosus
NIAMS – Fast Facts About Lichen Sclerosus
dermnetnz.org
better medicine
Medscape Reference Author: Jeffrey Meffert, MD; Chief Editor: Dirk M Elston, MDMedical pictures

http://www.dermlectures.com/LecturesWMV.cfm?lectureID=88
https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210529/http://dermis.multimedica.de/dermisroot/de/34088/diagnose.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20071008130921/http://dermnetnz.org/immune/ls-imgs.html
Effect of chronic pain in the workplace
In the workplace, chronic pain conditions are a significant problem for both the person with the condition and the organization; a problem only expected to increase in many countries due to an aging workforce. In light of this, it may be helpful for organizations to consider the social environment of their workplace, and how it may be working to ease or worsen chronic pain issues for employees. As an example of how the social environment can affect chronic pain, some research has found that high levels of socially prescribed perfectionism (perfectionism induced by external pressure from others, such as a supervisor) can interact with the guilt felt by a person with chronic pain, thereby increasing job tension, and decreasing job satisfaction. Mobility and road safety impacts
A 2022 systematic review found that chronic pain could increase crash risk among drivers. Chronic pain drivers report experiencing difficulties with safety maneuvers, such as shoulder checking for blind spots, merging with traffic, turning corners, and reversing the vehicle. See also
Childhood chronic pain
Neuroinflammation
Neurodegeneration
Dopaminergic pathways

References
Further reading
External links
Chronic Pain Syndromes at Curlie
 Media related to pain at Wikimedia Commons
International Association for the Study of Pain Archived 2021-05-01 at the Wayback Machine