Prisons in Iraq were among the places where abuse was obvious, along with within communities of Iraqi soldiers. Society and culture
Recreational use
In a 2008 news report, trihexyphenidyl was seen to be used for recreational purposes among Iraqi soldiers and police, among other prescription drugs. The report states that the drugs were taken to relieve combat stress. Although that may be the case for some, others used Artane as a substitute or more intense version of LSD. This was especially prevalent in the 1960s, according to a report in "The New Yorker". Similarly to those in Iraqi forces, some of the appeal was that the individual may retain partial control while under the influence.The neurologist Oliver Sacks reports using the drug recreationally in the 1960s. He recalled taking "a large dose" knowing full well the drug was intended for people with Parkinsons. More recounts of Dr. Sacks experiences — including experimentation with mescaline, psilocybin, LSD, and probably DMT — have been compared in his book Hallucinations. During the 1970s, trihexyphenidyl(trade name Parkan) was the most popular recreationally used prescription drug in Hungary. Chemistry
Trihexyphenidyl can be synthesized in two ways, one linear and one convergent synthesis. In the first way, the initial 2-(1-piperidino)propiophenone is synthesized in turn by the aminomethylation of acetophenone using paraformaldehyde and piperidine in a Mannich reaction. In the second step the 2-(1-piperidino)propiophenone is reacted with cyclohexylmagnesium bromide in a Grignard reaction. Stereochemistry
Trihexyphenidyl has a chiral center and two enantiomers. Medications are racemates.
However, no treatment was deemed well-established to treat any form of BFRBs. Pharmacotherapy
Excoriation disorder, and trichotillomania have been treated with inositol and N-acetylcysteine. Prevalence
BFRBs are among the most poorly understood, misdiagnosed, and undertreated groups of disorders. BFRBs may affect at least 1 out of 20 people. These collections of symptoms have been known for a number of years, but only recently have appeared in widespread medical literature. Trichotillomania alone is believed to affect 10 million people in the United States. See also
Stereotypic movement disorder
Rhythmic Movement Disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
Habit reversal training
Decoupling treatment

References


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