Mirabegron, sold under the brand name Myrbetriq among others, is a medication used to treat overactive bladder. Its benefits are similar to antimuscarinic medication such as solifenacin or tolterodine. It is taken by mouth.Common side effects include high blood pressure, headaches, and urinary tract infections. Other significant side effects include urinary retention, irregular heart rate, and angioedema. It works by activating the β3 adrenergic receptor in the bladder, resulting in its relaxation.Mirabegron is the first clinically available beta-3 agonist with approval for use in adults with overactive bladder. Mirabegron was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in 2012. In 2019, it was the 189th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. In the United Kingdom it is less preferred to antimuscarinic medication such as oxybutynin. Medical uses
Mirabegron is used is in the treatment of overactive bladder. It works equally well to antimuscarinic medication such as solifenacin or tolterodine. In the United Kingdom it is less preferred to these agents.Mirabegron is also indicated to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO), a bladder dysfunction related to neurological impairment, in children ages three years and older.
These include:
Loss of appetite
Nausea
Flatulence
Diarrhea
Fullness after a meal
Fatty stools (steatorrhea)
Unintentional weight loss
Generalised weaknessAs a result of the concomitant vitamin and mineral deficiencies that occur as a result of the malabsorption associated with BLS patients with advanced cases should be investigated for:
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Folate deficiency
Iron deficiency
Vitamin E deficiency

Causes
Blind loop syndrome is a complication of surgical operations of the abdomen, as well as inflammatory bowel disease or scleroderma. Another cause is jejunoileal diverticula. Pathophysiology
The overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine is prevented by various mechanical and chemical factors which include the constant peristaltic movement of contents along the length of the gastrointestinal tract and the antibacterial properties of gastric secretions, pancreatic secretions and bile.It follows that a disruption of any of these factors could lead to bacterial overgrowth and indeed BLS has been found to occur in persons with anatomical anomalies that result in stagnation. BLS has also been associated with achlorhydria, dysmotility, fistulae, and strictures. Chronic or high dose opioid therapy may contribute to BLS by reducing gastric motility.Due to the disruption of digestive processes by the overgrowth of intestinal bacteria; malabsorption of bile salts, fat and fat-soluble vitamins, protein and carbohydrates results in damage to the mucosal lining of the intestine by bacteria or via the production of toxic metabolites. Diagnosis
A physical examination may reveal a mass or distention of the abdomen.Tests which may be useful for diagnosis include:
Abdominal x-ray
Abdominal CT scan
Contrast enema study

Treatment
The treatment of BLS follows two basic principles.