When death occurs, it is most commonly due to respiratory failure due to paralysis of respiratory muscles and depression of central nervous system, which is responsible for respiration. For people affected by cholinergic syndrome, atropine sulfate combined with an oxime is used to combat the effects of the acute OP poisoning. Diazepam is sometimes also administered.The intermediate syndrome (IMS) appears in the interval between the end of the cholinergic crisis and the onset of OPIDP. Symptoms associated with IMS manifest between 24 and 96 hours after exposure. The exact etiology, incidence, and risk factors associated with IMS are not well understood, but IMS is recognized as a disorder of neuromuscular junctions. IMS occurs when a person has a prolonged and severe inhibition of AChE. It has been linked to specific OP pesticides such as parathion, methylparathion, and dichlorvos. Patients generally present with increasing weakness in the facial, neck flexor, and respiratory muscles. OPIDP occurs in a small percentage of cases, roughly two weeks after exposure, where temporary paralysis occurs. This loss of function and ataxia of peripheral nerves and spinal cord is the phenomenon of OPIDP. Once the symptoms begin with shooting pains in both legs, the symptoms continue to worsen for 3–6 months. In the most severe cases quadriplegia has been observed. Treatment only affects sensory nerves, not motor neurons which may permanently lose function. The aging and phosphorylation of more than 70% of functional NTE in peripheral nerves is one of the processes involved in OPIDP.
However, imperforate anus will present as the low version 90% of the time in females and 50% of the time in males. Imperforate anus is an occasional complication of sacrococcygeal teratoma. Society and culture
Ribbon
The ribbon to represent anorectal malformations/imperforate anus abnormalities is turquoise, which encapsulates hope, strength and a positive attitude. Zebra stripes were added to show the uniqueness and represent just how no two zebra markings are the same, nor are people living with ARM/IA. Awareness day
The international awareness day for anorectal abnormalities is 1 May. The day aims to raise awareness about an abnormality many have not heard of by creating a human connection for an abnormality that often leaves people feeling alone. The day 1 May was chosen to represent the incidence of such malformations, which occur in roughly 1 in 5,000 babies. History
Seventh-century Byzantine physician Paulus Aegineta described a surgical treatment for imperforate anus for the first time. tenth-century Persian physician Haly Abbas was the first to highlight preserving the sphincter muscles throughout the surgery and the prevention of strictures with a stent. He has reported the use of wine for wound care in this surgery. Some reports of children surviving this surgery are available from the early medieval Islamic era. References
External links
Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia: Imperforate anus