The voltage for half activation of these channels (V½) is shifted 13mV hyperpolarized compared to wild-type. Deactivation of these channels is also slowed drastically compared to wild-type. This results in neurons with longer after-hyperpolarizations and thus, a decreased maximal firing rate. Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
There is no known prevention of spinocerebellar ataxia. Those who are believed to be at risk can have genetic sequencing of known SCA loci performed to confirm inheritance of the disorder. Footnotes
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 13
Hyponatremia has been reported in up to 30% of the elderly in nursing homes and is also present in approximately 30% of people who are depressed on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.People who have hyponatremia who require hospitalisation have a longer length of stay (with associated increased costs) and also have a higher likelihood of requiring readmission. This is particularly the case in men and in the elderly. References
Further reading
Sandy Craig; Erik D Schraga; Francisco Talavera; Howard A Bessen; John D Halamka (2010-04-13). "Hyponatremia in Emergency Medicine". Medscape. Kugler JP, Hustead T (June 2000). "Hyponatremia and hypernatremia in the elderly". Am Fam Physician. 61 (12): 3623–30. PMID 10892634. James L. Lewis, III, MD (May 2009). "Hyponatremia". Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. {{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Elizabeth Quinn (2011-03-07). "What Is Hyponatremia: Hyponatremia or water intoxication – Can Athletes Drink Too Much Water?". About.com. External links
Hyponatremia at the Mayo Clinic
Sodium at Lab Tests Online
ICD-10 code for Hyponatremia - Diagnosis Code