Among the forms of spastic CP, quad CP is more likely to co-occur with seizures and mild to moderate intellectual disability.In spastic cerebral palsy in children with low birth weights, 25% of children had hemiplegia, 37.5% had quadriplegia, and 37.5% had diplegia. No one person with a particular type of spastic CP presents in exactly the same way. Treatment
There is no cure for spastic cerebral palsy and no way to reverse the initial brain injury. However, various treatments and assistive devices can help mitigate pain and allow those affected to have a higher quality of life. Different combinations of treatments are right for each individual and are determined by individuals and their care team.Some common interventions are:

Physical therapy- exercises to develop balance and strength and to learn skills such as walking, rolling, or driving a wheelchair. Occupational therapy- therapy to help an individual develop strategies to complete activities of daily living such as dressing, toileting, and bathing either independently or with a level of assistance that is safe and comfortable. Orthotics- braces and splints to improve posture and positioning (usually on legs or arms). Assistive devices- Wheelchairs, crutches, and walkers may help someone with spastic CP navigate safely. Different devices may be used in different settings or for longer distances. People with cerebral palsy may use up to 3-5 times the energy as those without when moving; thus, a device such as a wheelchair may reduce fatigue.
Central retinal vein occlusion, also CRVO, is when the central retinal vein becomes occluded, usually through thrombosis. The central retinal vein is the venous equivalent of the central retinal artery and both may become occluded. Since the central retinal artery and vein are the sole source of blood supply and drainage for the retina, such occlusion can lead to severe damage to the retina and blindness, due to ischemia (restriction in blood supply) and edema (swelling).CRVO can cause ocular ischemic syndrome. Nonischemic CRVO is the milder form of the disease. It may progress to the more severe ischemic type. CRVO can also cause glaucoma. Diagnosis
Despite the role of thrombosis in the development of CRVO, a systematic review found no increased prevalence of thrombophilia (an inherent propensity to thrombosis) in patients with retinal vascular occlusion. Treatment
Treatment consists of Anti-VEGF drugs like Lucentis or intravitreal steroid implant (Ozurdex) and Pan-Retinal Laser Photocoagulation usually. Underlying conditions also require treatment. CRVO without ischemia has better visual prognosis than ischemic CRVO. A systematic review studied the effectiveness of the anti-VEGF drugs ranibizumab and pagatanib sodium for patients with non-ischemic CRVO. Though there was a limited sample size, participants in both treatment groups showed improved visual acuity over 6 month periods, with no safety concerns. See also
Central retinal artery occlusion
Branch retinal artery occlusion
Branch retinal vein occlusionEylea
Iridodialysis
Ischemic optic neuropathy

References


== External links ==