Patients who have idiopathic hypersomnia cannot obtain a healthy amount of sleep for a regular day of activities. This hinders the patients ability to perform well, and patients have to deal with this for the rest of their lives. Recurrent hypersomnia, including Kleine–Levin syndrome
Post traumatic hypersomnia
Menstrual-related hypersomnia
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB), including (non-exhaustive):
Several types of sleep apnea
Snoring
Upper airway resistance syndrome
Restless leg syndrome
Periodic limb movement disorder
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders
Delayed sleep phase disorder
Advanced sleep phase disorder
Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder
Parasomnias – A category of sleep disorders that involve abnormal and unnatural movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams in connection with sleep. Bedwetting or sleep enuresis
Bruxism (Tooth-grinding)
Catathrenia – nocturnal groaning
Exploding head syndrome – Waking up in the night hearing loud noises. Sleep terror (or Pavor nocturnus) – Characterized by a sudden arousal from deep sleep with a scream or cry, accompanied by some behavioral manifestations of intense fear. REM sleep behavior disorder
Sleepwalking (or somnambulism)
Sleep talking (or somniloquy)
Sleep sex (or sexsomnia)
Medical or psychiatric conditions that may produce sleep disorders
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Alcoholism
Mood disorders
Depression
Anxiety disorder
Nightmare disorder
Panic
Psychosis (such as Schizophrenia)
Sleeping sickness – a parasitic disease which can be transmitted by the Tsetse fly. Causes
A systematic review found that traumatic childhood experiences (such as family conflict or sexual trauma) significantly increases the risk for a number of sleep disorders in adulthood, including sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and insomnia.In addition, an evidence-based synopsis suggests that idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) may have a hereditary component. A total of 632 participants, half with iRBD and half without, completed self-report questionnaires.
A sleep disorder, or somnipathy, is a medical disorder of an individuals sleep patterns. Some sleep disorders are severe enough to interfere with normal physical, mental, social and emotional functioning. Polysomnography and actigraphy are tests commonly ordered for diagnosing sleep disorders. Sleep disorders are broadly classified into dyssomnias, parasomnias, circadian rhythm sleep disorders involving the timing of sleep, and other disorders including ones caused by medical or psychological conditions. When a person struggles to fall asleep and/or stay asleep with no obvious cause, it is referred to as insomnia, the most common sleep disorder. Others include sleep apnea, narcolepsy and hypersomnia (excessive sleepiness at inappropriate times), sleeping sickness (disruption of sleep cycle due to infection), sleepwalking, and night terrors. Sleep disruptions can be caused by various issues, including teeth grinding (bruxism) and night terrors. Management of sleep disturbances that are secondary to mental, medical or substance abuse disorders should focus on the underlying conditions.Primary sleep disorders are common in both children and adults. However, there is a significant lack of awareness in children with sleep disorders, due to most cases being unidentified. Several common factors involved in the onset of a sleep disorder include increased medication use, age-related changes in circadian rhythms, environmental changes, lifestyle changes, pre-diagnosed physiological problems, or stress. Among the elderly, the risk of developing sleep disordered breathing, periodic limb movements, restless legs syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorders, insomnia, and circadian rhythm disturbances is especially increased. List of conditions
There are a number of sleep disorders.