But with the increase in the use of imaging, especially abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan in the work-up for acute abdomen, more cases of omental infarction are being diagnosed preoperatively. This has also led to the observation that omental infarction is a self-limiting condition which can be managed conservatively. Currently, conservative management and surgery are the only treatment options for omental infarction with no consensus as to the best treatment modality. Having both acute appendicitis and omental infarction is extremely rare with only two cases reported in the literature: one in an adult female and the other in a 7-year-old girl. Diagnosis
The diagnosis is usually inferred from abdominal CT scan which shows a localised inflammatory-appearing mass of omentum . Treatment
Conservative treatment may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication, and pain medication. See also
Greater omentum

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The respiratory infection has also been observed accompanying rheumatoid arthritis which, coupled with leukocytosis, neutrophilia, c-reactive protein (CRP), and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), suggest an infectious and rheumatoid factor, though the evidence is conflicting. Many theories such as malnutrition, chest trauma, and tuberculosis, were thought to be among the potential causes but have since been disproven or left unsupported. Diagnosis
Diagnosis for Tietze syndrome is primarily a clinical one, though some studies suggest the use of radiologic imaging. Musculoskeletal conditions are estimated to account for 20-50% of non-cardiac related chest pain in the emergency department. Ruling out other conditions, especially potentially life-threatening ones such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) and angina pectoris, is extremely important as they can present similarly to Tietze syndrome. These can usually be ruled out with diagnostic tools such as an electrocardiogram and a physical examination showing reproducible chest wall tenderness, . After eliminating other possible conditions, physical examination is considered the most accurate tool in diagnosing Tietze syndrome. Physical examination consists of gentle pressure to the chest wall with a single finger to identify the location of the discomfort. Swelling and tenderness upon palpation at one or more of the costochondral, sternocostal, or sternoclavicular joints, is a distinctive trait of Tietze syndrome and is considered a positive diagnosis when found.There are some pathological features that can be observed with Tietze syndrome, including degeneration of the costal cartilage, increase in vascularity, and hypertrophic changes (enlarged cells). However, these features can only be identified from a biopsy.