Goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others, to the point of volunteering to do things that are unpleasant. Feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of exaggerated fears of being unable to care for themselves. Urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when a close relationship ends. Is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of themselves.The diagnosis of personality disorders in the fourth edition Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, including dependent personality disorder, was found to be problematic due to reasons such as excessive diagnostic comorbidity, inadequate coverage, arbitrary boundaries with normal psychological functioning, and heterogeneity among individuals within the same categorial diagnosis. World Health Organization
The World Health Organizations ICD-10 lists dependent personality disorder as F60.7 Dependent personality disorder:
It is characterized by at least 4 of the following:
Encouraging or allowing others to make most of ones important life decisions;
Subordination of ones own needs to those of others on whom one is dependent, and undue compliance with their wishes;
Unwillingness to make even reasonable demands on the people one depends on;
Feeling uncomfortable or helpless when alone, because of exaggerated fears of inability to care for oneself;
Preoccupation with fears of being abandoned by a person with whom one has a close relationship, and of being left to care for oneself;
Limited capacity to make everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others.Associated features may include perceiving oneself as helpless, incompetent, and lacking stamina.
This is more common in cases of bronchiolitis obliterans, pulmonary fibrosis, or pulmonary hypertension. Most complications are not fatal, but does reduce life expectancy to an estimated 5 to 10 years. Epidemiology
The prevalence of RA is around 0.3–1.2% (0.92% of Americans). Women are 2–3 times more susceptible than men. The prevalence of rheumatoid lung disease in patients with RA depends on the method used for diagnosis: chest X rays (5%), high resolution CT scans (10–40%).A study showed 582 patients with RA and 603 subjects without RA were followed for a mean of 16.4 and 19.3 years, respectively. The lifetime risk of developing ILD was 7.7% for RA patients and 0.9% for subjects without RA. The risk of developing ILD was higher in patients with older age at RA onset, among male patients and for individuals with parameters that indicate more severe RA. Survival of RA patients diagnosed with ILD was worse compared to RA patients without ILD. ILD contributed approximately 13% to the excess mortality of patients with RA patients when compared to the general population.