Patients who have idiopathic hypersomnia cannot obtain a healthy amount of sleep for a regular day of activities. This hinders the patients ability to perform well, and patients have to deal with this for the rest of their lives. Recurrent hypersomnia, including Kleine–Levin syndrome
Post traumatic hypersomnia
Menstrual-related hypersomnia
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB), including (non-exhaustive):
Several types of sleep apnea
Snoring
Upper airway resistance syndrome
Restless leg syndrome
Periodic limb movement disorder
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders
Delayed sleep phase disorder
Advanced sleep phase disorder
Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder
Parasomnias – A category of sleep disorders that involve abnormal and unnatural movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams in connection with sleep. Bedwetting or sleep enuresis
Bruxism (Tooth-grinding)
Catathrenia – nocturnal groaning
Exploding head syndrome – Waking up in the night hearing loud noises. Sleep terror (or Pavor nocturnus) – Characterized by a sudden arousal from deep sleep with a scream or cry, accompanied by some behavioral manifestations of intense fear. REM sleep behavior disorder
Sleepwalking (or somnambulism)
Sleep talking (or somniloquy)
Sleep sex (or sexsomnia)
Medical or psychiatric conditions that may produce sleep disorders
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Alcoholism
Mood disorders
Depression
Anxiety disorder
Nightmare disorder
Panic
Psychosis (such as Schizophrenia)
Sleeping sickness – a parasitic disease which can be transmitted by the Tsetse fly. Causes
A systematic review found that traumatic childhood experiences (such as family conflict or sexual trauma) significantly increases the risk for a number of sleep disorders in adulthood, including sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and insomnia.In addition, an evidence-based synopsis suggests that idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) may have a hereditary component. A total of 632 participants, half with iRBD and half without, completed self-report questionnaires.
Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in an abscess. Pyomyositis is most common in tropical areas but can also occur in temperate zones. Diagnosis
Diagnosis is done via the following manner:
Pus discharge culture and sensitivity
X ray of the part to rule out osteomyelitis
Creatinine phosphokinase (more than 50,000 units)
MRI is useful
Ultrasound guided aspiration

Treatment
The abscesses within the muscle must be drained surgically (not all patient require surgery if there is no abscess). Antibiotics are given for a minimum of three weeks to clear the infection. Epidemiology
Pyomyositis is most often caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles.Pyomyositis is mainly a disease of children and was first described by Scriba in 1885. Most patients are aged 2 to 5 years, but infection may occur in any age group. Infection often follows minor trauma and is more common in the tropics, where it accounts for 4% of all hospital admissions. In temperate countries such as the US, pyomyositis was a rare condition (accounting for 1 in 3000 pediatric admissions), but has become more common since the appearance of the USA300 strain of MRSA.Gonococcal pyomyositis is a rare infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Additional images
References

Maravelas R, Melgar TA, Vos D, Lima N, Sadarangani S (2020). "Pyomyositis in the United States 2002-2014". J Infect. 80(5):497-503. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.005. PMID 32147332. == External links ==