Since this first article, different kind of receptors were designed, as well as different barbiturates and cyanurates, not for their efficiencies as drugs but for applications in supramolecular chemistry, in the conception of materials and molecular devices. The preferred IUPAC name of the base compound, barbituric acid, is  1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione. Different barbiturates has different substituents in the basic structure, mainly in position 5 on the ring.Sodium barbital and barbital have also been used as pH buffers for biological research, e.g., in immuno-electrophoresis or in fixative solutions. Classification
Barbiturates are classified based on the duration of action. Examples of each class include:
Ultra short acting (30 minutes): thiopentone, methohexitone
Short acting (2 hours): hexobarbitone, cyclobarbitone, pentobarbitone, secobarbitone
Intermediate acting(3–6 hours): amobarbitone, butabarbitone
Long acting (6 hours): phenobarbitone

Indications
Indications for the use of barbiturates include:
Seizure
Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
Insomnia
Anxiety
Inducing anesthesia

Side effects
There are special risks to consider for older adults, and women who are pregnant. When a person ages, the body becomes less able to rid itself of barbiturates. As a result, people over the age of sixty-five are at higher risk of experiencing the harmful effects of barbiturates, including drug dependence and accidental overdose. When barbiturates are taken during pregnancy, the drug passes through the placenta to the fetus. After the baby is born, it may experience withdrawal symptoms and have trouble breathing. In addition, nursing mothers who take barbiturates may transmit the drug to their babies through breast milk. A rare adverse reaction to barbiturates is Stevens–Johnson syndrome, which primarily affects the mucous membranes.
Pharmacology
Tolterodine acts on M2 and M3 subtypes of muscarinic receptors whereas older antimuscarinic treatments for overactive bladder act more specifically on M3 receptors.Tolterodine, although it acts on all types of receptors, has fewer side effects than oxybutynin (M3 and M1 selective, but more so in the parotid than in the bladder) as tolterodine targets the bladder more than other areas of the body. Society and culture
Brand names
It is marketed by Pfizer in Canada and the United States under the brand name Detrol. In Egypt it is also found under the trade names Tolterodine by Sabaa and Incont L.A. by Adwia. References
External links
"Tolterodine". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.