Tobacco smoking cessation is strongly recommended since tobacco smoke exposure can worsen fibrosis. Severe cases of fibrothorax may require supportive mechanical ventilation if the affected person is unable to breathe adequately on their own.In cases of fibrothorax caused by medication, it is recommended that the offending medications be stopped. Ergot alkaloid medications, which can worsen pleural fibrosis, are typically avoided. Cases of fibrothorax attributable to medication typically stop worsening if the provoking medication is stopped. In some situations, medication-induced fibrothorax improves after stopping the causative medication but fibrothorax usually does not completely resolve.Watchful waiting is appropriate for milder cases of fibrothorax in certain situations. Fibrothorax caused by tuberculosis, empyema, or haemothorax often improves spontaneously 3–6 months after the precipitating illness. Corticosteroids are commonly used to treat fibrothorax but are not well-supported by available evidence. Surgical
In severe cases of fibrothorax that are compromising a persons ability to breathe, the scar tissue (fibrous peel) causing fibrothorax can be surgically removed using a technique called decortication. However, surgical decortication is an invasive procedure which carries the risk of complications including a small risk of death, and is therefore generally only considered if severe symptoms are present and have been for many months. Surgical decortication is generally considered for people with fibrothoraces that are severe, causing significant shortness of breath, and have otherwise relatively healthy lungs since this enhances the likelihood of a better outcome. Surgical removal of the pleura (pleurectomy) may be performed in refractory cases, as often happens when asbestosis is the cause.
It is necessary to mark drains in order to identify their location. They should be sutured with loops as well so it will be possible to advance them without re-anaesthetizing the patient while drains are re-sutured to the skin. An absorbent dressing is then applied. A bandnet dressing retainer can be constructed so as to prevent the use of tape. Other things to consider
Nutritional support
Adequate nutrition and hydration support is essential in any patient following surgery, particularly young children. In this case, pain and swelling in the neck region would usually cause difficulties in eating or swallowing, hence reducing patients food and fluid intake. Patients must therefore be well-nourished and hydrated to promote wound healing and to fight off infection. Post-operative care
Extubation, which is the removal of endotracheal tube to liberate the patient from mechanical ventilation, should only be done when the patients airway is proved to be patent, allowing adequate breathing. This is indicated by a decrease in swelling and patients capability of breathing adequately around an uncuffed endotracheal tube with the lumen blocked.During the hospital stay, patients condition will be closely monitored by:

carrying out cultures and sensitivity tests to decide if any changes need to be made to patients antibiotic course
observing for signs of further infection or sepsis including fevers, hypotension, and tachycardia
monitoring patients white blood cell count - a decrease implies effective and sufficient drainage
repeating CT scans to prove patients restored health status or if infection extends, the anatomical areas that are affected.