Diagnosis
The hallmark features of this syndrome are poorly developed fingernails, toenails, and patellae (kneecaps). Sometimes, this disease causes the affected person to have either no thumbnails or a small piece of a thumbnail on the edge of the thumb. The lack of development or complete absence of fingernails results from the loss of function mutations in the LMX1B gene. This mutation may cause a reduction in dorsalising signals, which then results in the failure to normally develop dorsal specific structures such as nails and patellae. Other common abnormalities include elbow deformities, abnormally shaped pelvic (hip) bones, and kidney disease. Treatment
Treatment for NPS varies depending on the symptoms observed. Perform screening for kidney disease and glaucoma, surgery, intensive physiotherapy, or genetic counseling. ACE inhibitors are taken to treat proteinuria and hypertension in NPS patients. Dialysis and kidney transplant. Physical therapy, bracing and analgesics for joint pain. See also
List of cutaneous conditions
List of radiographic findings associated with cutaneous conditions

References
External links
GeneReview/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on nail–patella syndrome
Molindone, sold under the brand name Moban, is an antipsychotic which is used in the United States in the treatment of schizophrenia. It works by blocking the effects of dopamine in the brain, leading to diminished symptoms of psychosis. It is rapidly absorbed when taken orally. It is sometimes described as a typical antipsychotic, and sometimes described as an atypical antipsychotic.Molindone was discontinued by its original supplier, Endo Pharmaceuticals, on January 13, 2010. Availability and Marketing in the USA
After having been produced and subsequently discontinued by Core Pharma in 2015-2017, Molindone is available again from Epic Pharma effective December, 2018. Adverse effects
The side effect profile of molindone is similar to that of other typical antipsychotics. Unlike most antipsychotics, however, molindone use is associated with weight loss. Chemistry
Synthesis
Condensation of oximinoketone 2 (from nitrosation of 3-pentanone), with cyclohexane-1,3-dione (1) in the presence of zinc and acetic acid leads directly to the partly reduced indole derivative 6. The transformation may be rationalized by assuming as the first step,  reduction of 2 to the corresponding α-aminoketone. Conjugate addition of the amine to 1 followed by elimination of hydroxide (as water) would give ene-aminoketone 3. This enamine may be assumed to be in tautomeric equilibrium with imine 4. Aldol condensation of the side chain carbonyl group with the doubly activated ring methylene group would then result in cyclization to pyrrole 5; simple tautomeric transformation would then give the observed product. Mannich reaction of 6 with formaldehyde and morpholine gives the tranquilizer molindone (7). See also
L-741,626
Losindole
Piquindone


== References ==