Hyperpnea, on the other hand, is defined as breathing an increased volume of air, with or without an increase in respiration rate.Others give another classification: tachypnea is as any rapid breathing, hyperventilation is increased rate of breathing at rest, hyperpnea is an increase in breathing that is appropriately proportional to an increase in metabolic rate.A third paradigm is: tachypnea is abnormally rapid and shallow respiration (though some may argue this is inaccurate as breathing differs from respiration), hyperventilation is increased rate or depth of respiration to abnormal levels causing decreased levels of blood carbon dioxide and hyperpnea is any increase in breathing rate or depth that is not normal. Threshold definition
As normal respiratory rate varies with age, the definition of tachypnea also varies with age. Causes
Tachypnea may have physiological or pathological causes. Both of these categories would include large lists of individual causes. Physiological causes
Physiological causes of tachypnea include exercise. This type is usually not a cause of concern unless its excessive. Pathological causes
Pathological causes of tachypnea include sepsis, compensation for diabetic ketoacidosis or other metabolic acidosis, pneumonia, pleural effusion, carbon monoxide poisoning, pulmonary embolism, asthma, COPD, laryngospasm, allergic reaction causing airway edema, foreign body aspiration, tracheobronchomalacia, congestive heart failure, anxiety states, haemorrhage, or many other medical issues. Etymology and pronunciation
The word tachypnea () uses combining forms of tachy- + -pnea, yielding "fast breathing". See pronunciation information at dyspnea. See also
Control of respiration
Hypoventilation
List of terms of lung size and activity
Bradypnea

References
External links
 The dictionary definition of tachypnea at Wiktionary
Parametritis (also known as pelvic cellulitis) is an infection of the parametrium (connective tissue adjacent to the uterus). It is considered a form of pelvic inflammatory disease. References


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