Defects
Aortic stenosis
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)
Bicuspid aortic valve
Cardiomyopathy
Complete heart block (CHB)
Dextrocardia
Double inlet left ventricle (DILV)
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV)
Ebsteins anomaly
Early Repolarization Syndrome
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome (HRHS)
Mitral stenosis
Myocardial bridge
Persistent truncus arteriosus
Pulmonary atresia
Pulmonary stenosis
Rhabdomyomas (Tumors of the Heart)
Transposition of the great vessels
dextro-Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA)
levo-Transposition of the great arteries (l-TGA)
Tricuspid atresia
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW)Some conditions affect the great vessels or other vessels in close proximity to the heart, but not the heart itself, but are often classified as congenital heart defects. Coarctation of the aorta (CoA)
Double aortic arch, aberrant subclavian artery, and other malformations of the great arteries
Interrupted aortic arch (IAA)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Scimitar syndrome (SS)
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC)
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC)Some constellations of multiple defects are commonly found together. Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
Pentalogy of Cantrell
Shones syndrome/ Shones complex / Shones anomaly

Treatment
CHD may require surgery and medications. Medications include diuretics, which aid the body in eliminating water, salts, and digoxin for strengthening the contraction of the heart. This slows the heartbeat and removes some fluid from tissues. Some defects require surgical procedures to restore circulation back to normal and in some cases, multiple surgeries are needed.Interventional cardiology now offers minimally invasive alternatives to surgery for some patients. The Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve (TPV), approved in Europe in 2006 and in the U.S. in 2010 under a Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE), is designed to treat congenital heart disease patients with a dysfunctional conduit in their right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT).
Topical or oral preparations may be used for a few weeks to reduce inflammation. Long term use of topical steroids has not shown benefits for growth and the use of long term oral steroids has many risks that typically outweigh the benefits.Immunotherapy
Diphenylcyclopropenone or squaric acid may be used topically for the treatment of alopecia areata as an alternative to steroids. This treatment may cause a local skin reaction.Minoxidil
Minoxidil is a topical treatment that comes in a solution or foam. The foam provides increased delivery of the drug and less irritation. This drug has been shown to decrease telogen and increase anagen phase of hair follicles, increase VEGF expression, and have indirect vasodilation effects. FDA has approved this drug for use in androgenetic alopecia, but frequent offlabel uses include alopecia areata, chemotherapy induced alopecia, telogen effluvium, and traction alopecia.Redensyl
Redensyl is emerging as an alternative hair loss treatment containing a newly discovered molecule called dihydroquercetin-glucoside (DHQG), a compound derived from plant extracts known to target the stem cells in hair follicles and encourages the division of the cells. Still in development stage it has been approved by FDA as many of its medication are available widelyHormone modulating
Androgenetic alopecia is routinely treated with drugs that alter hormonal function, in particular DHTs effects. Male pattern hair loss is treated with oral finasteride which is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that blocks the formation of DHT from testosterone. Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction, but it is typically reversed upon discontinuation of the treatment.