High-functioning autism (HFA) is an autism classification where a person exhibits no intellectual disability, but may exhibit deficits in communication, emotion recognition and expression, and social interaction. HFA is not included in either the American Psychological Associations DSM-5 or the World Health Organizations ICD-10, neither of which subdivides autism based on intellectual capabilities. Characterization
High-functioning autism is characterized by features similar to those of Asperger syndrome. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists is a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. The diagnostic criteria of Asperger syndrome exclude a general language delay.Further differences in features of people with high-functioning autism from those with Asperger syndrome include the following:
Lower verbal reasoning ability
Better visual/spatial skills (higher performance IQ)
Less deviating locomotion (e.g. clumsiness)
Problems functioning independently
Curiosity and interest for many different things
Not as good at empathizing with other people
Male to female ratio (4:1) much smallerAs of 2013, Asperger Syndrome and High-functioning autism are no longer terms used by the American Psychological Association, and have instead both been merged into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As of 2021, the World Health Organization also retired the terms and merged them into autism spectrum disorder. Comorbidities
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders, including high-functioning autism, risk developing symptoms of anxiety.
A lab at the Childrens Cancer Research Institute in Vienna, in collaboration with a network of European oncologists, had developed an anti-GD2 mAb that it made in CHO cells, and by 2011, it was in Phase III clinical trials, and the institute licensed its rights to Apeiron, a local biotech company.The FDA approved United Therapeutics application in March 2015, as did the European Medicines Agency.In 2017, United Therapeutics withdrew the European marketing authorization, and said that it was having trouble making enough of the drug to sell in Europe.In October 2016, Apeiron licensed the rights to Ch14.18 to the UK biotech company, EUSA, and in May 2017, Apeiron and EUSA obtained EMA approval to market Ch14.18, by then called dinutuximab beta. References
External links
"Dinutuximab". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Dinutuximab beta". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.