Measurement
Platelet concentration is measured either manually using a hemocytometer, or by placing blood in an automated platelet analyzer using electrical impedance, such as a Coulter counter. The normal range (99% of population analyzed) for platelets in healthy white people is 150,000 to 450,000 per cubic millimeter (a mm3 equals a microliter). or 150–450 × 109 per liter. The normal range has been confirmed to be the same in the elderly and the population of Spain.The number of platelets varies across individuals. The normal physiologic range is 200,000 to 500,000 per microliter of blood. Since they contain receptors for thrombopoietin (the protein that facilitates the maturation of megakaryocytes and release of platelets), a higher number of platelets binds more of the protein. Consequently, there is stimulation for more production of thrombopoietin in the liver and kidneys. This is the basis for the production of more thrombopoietin and, as a result, more platelets in the bloodstream during the blood clotting process. Shape
In a first approximation, the platelet shape can be considered similar to oblate spheroids, with a semiaxis ratio of 2 to 8. This approximation is often used to model the hydrodynamic and optical properties of a platelet population, as well as to restore the geometric parameters of individual measured platelets by flow cytometry. More accurate biophysical models of the platelet surface morphology, which model its shape from first principles, make it possible to obtain a more realistic platelet geometry in a calm and activated state.
Common adverse effects with cabazitaxel include neutropenia (including febrile neutropenia) and GIT side effects appeared mainly in diarrhea, whereas, neuropathy was rarely detected. Pharmacokinetics
Cabazitaxel administration causes a decrease in plasma concentrations showing triphasic kinetics: a mean half life (t1/2) of 2.6 min in the first phase, a mean t1/2 of 1.3 h in the second phase, and a mean t1/2 of 77.3 h in the third phase. Metabolism
Cabazitaxel is basically metabolized in the liver by [cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4/5 > CYP2C8], which result in seven plasma metabolites and excreted 20 metabolites. During 14 days after administration, 80% of cabazitaxel is excreted: 76% in the feces and 3.7% as a renal excretion. References
External links
"Cabazitaxel". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Cabazitaxel Accord 20 mg/mL concentrate for solution infusion: Risk of medication errors and mix-up with Jevtana (60 mg/1.5 mL) solvent infusion". European Medicines Agency (EMA). October 28, 2020. Clinical trial number NCT00417079 for "XRP6258 Plus Prednisone Compared to Mitoxantrone Plus Prednisone in Hormone Refractory Metastatic Prostate Cancer (TROPIC)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT01308580 for "Cabazitaxel at 20 mg/m² Compared to 25 mg/m² With Prednisone for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (PROSELICA)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT02485691 for "Cabazitaxel Versus the Switch to Alternative AR-targeted Agent (Enzalutamide or Abiraterone) in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Patients Previously Treated With Docetaxel and Who Rapidly Failed a Prior AR-targeted Agent (CARD)" at ClinicalTrials.gov