Safety
Natamycin does not have acute toxicity. In animal studies, the lowest LD50 found was 2.5-4.5 g/kg. In rats, the LD50 is ≥2300 mg/kg, and doses of 500 mg/kg/day over 2 years caused no detectable differences in survival rate, growth, or incidence of tumors. The metabolites of natamycin also lack toxicity. The breakdown products of natamycin under various storage conditions may have a lower LD50 than natamycin, but in all cases, the numbers are quite high. In humans, a dose of 500 mg/kg/day repeated over multiple days caused nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.No evidence shows natamycin, at either pharmacological levels or levels encountered as a food additive, can harm normal intestinal flora, but definitive research may not be available. However, some people are allergic to natamycin.The EFSA has concluded that the use of natamycin as a food additive has no relevant risk for the development of resistant fungi. Mechanism of action
Natamycin inhibits the growth of fungi by specifically binding to ergosterol present in fungal cell membranes. Natamycin inhibits amino acid and glucose transport proteins leading to a loss of nutrient transport across the plasma membrane. While this binding is reversible, ergosterol binding acts as a universal mechanism of fungal inhibition, allowing natamycin to act on diverse fungal pathogens from Saccharomyces yeast to Aspergillus moulds. Natamycin is unique amongst related antifungals specifically because it does not directly cause membrane permeabilization.
Monosomy is a form of aneuploidy with the presence of only one chromosome from a pair. Partial monosomy occurs when a portion of one chromosome in a pair is missing. Human monosomy
Human conditions due to monosomy:

Turner syndrome – People with Turner syndrome typically have one X chromosome instead of the usual two X chromosomes. Turner syndrome is the only full monosomy that is seen in humans — all other cases of full monosomy are lethal and the individual will not survive development. Cri du chat syndrome – (French for "cry of the cat" after the persons malformed larynx) a partial monosomy caused by a deletion of the end of the short arm of chromosome 5
1p36 deletion syndrome – a partial monosomy caused by a deletion at the end of the short arm of chromosome 1
17q12 microdeletion syndrome - a partial monosomy caused by a deletion of part of the long arm of chromosome 17

See also
Anaphase lag
Miscarriage

References


== External links ==