Candidal intertrigo is an infection of the skin by Candida albicans, more specifically located between intertriginous folds of adjacent skin. : 309

See also
Candidiasis
Intertrigo
Skin lesion


== References ==
Estimates show approximately 10% of children with hypoplastic kidneys are linked to the disease. Many different histological abnormalities have been noted, including:
decrease in nephron number associated with hypertrophy
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy
multicystic dysplastic kidneyUp to one-third of diagnosed patients develop end stage kidney disease, which may lead to complete kidney failure. Causes
Pax2 mutations
The majority of mutations occur in exons 2,3 and 4, which encode the paired domain and frame shift mutations that lead to a null allele. The missense mutations appear to disrupt hydrogen bonds, leading to decreased transactivation of Pax2, but do not seem to effect nuclear localization, steady state mRNA levels, or the ability of Pax2 to bind to its DNA consensus sequence. Mutations related to the disease have also been noted in exons 7,8, and 9, with milder phenotypes than the other mutations. Recent studies
Pax2 is expressed in the kidney, midbrain, hindbrain, cells in the spinal column, developing ear and developing eye. Homozygous negative Pax2 mutation is lethal, but heterozygote mutants showed many symptoms of papillorenal syndrome, including optic nerve dysplasia with abnormal vessels emerging from the periphery of the optic cup and small dysplasic kidneys. It is shown that Pax2 is under upstream control of Shh in both mice and zebrafish, which is expressed in the precordal plate. Other genes
Approximately half of patients with papillorenal syndrome do not have defects in the Pax2. This suggests that other genes play a role in the development of the syndrome, though few downstream effectors of Pax2 have been identified.