Individuals affected by OCA1A should be attentive to the amount of sun exposure they experience and wear proper protection such as clothing that covers the skin. Additionally, individuals may need corrective visual aids for their visual acuity of 1/10 or less with intense photophobia. Visual aids can both improve vision or protect eyes from bright lights. These visual aids can be adjusted for based on individual needs. Individuals should receive annual skin evaluation to access for damage or skin cancers that can be induced from sun exposure. In some situations, therapy or surgery can correct crossed eyes (strabismus) or rapid eye movements (nystagmus). Epidemiology
The highest frequency of Albinism type IA is in Northern Ireland, with a phenotype frequency of around 1: 10,000. First cousin - marriages accounted for 4.5% of the parents of patients. Additionally, symptoms that could be heterozygous mutations, such as abnormal iris translucency occurred in 70% of the parents and children of individuals affected with this condition. In general, the phenotypical appearance of OCA1A is associated with northern and western Europe. This is because over 50% of OCA1 subjects are Caucasians. OCA1 is also the most common form of Albinism in China and Japan. The overall frequency is 1: 20,000 people in the world. References


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Orion Corporation applied for a patent on darolutamide in October 2010, and this patent was published in May 2011. Darolutamide entered phase I clinical trials in April 2011, with the results of the first clinical study of darolutamide initially published in 2012. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved darolutamide in July 2019, under the agencys priority review designation.Approval was based on ARAMIS, a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 1,509 patients with non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Patients were randomized (2:1) to receive either 600 mg darolutamide orally twice daily (n=955) or matching placebo (n=554). All patients received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog concurrently or had a previous bilateral orchiectomy. Twelve patients with previous seizure histories were treated on the darolutamide arm.The primary endpoint was metastasis free survival (MFS), defined as the time from randomization to first evidence of distant metastasis or death from any cause within 33 weeks after the last evaluable scan, whichever occurred first. The median MFS was 40.4 months (95% CI: 34.3, not reached) for patients treated with darolutamide compared with 18.4 months (95% CI: 15.5, 22.3) for those receiving placebo (hazard ratio 0.41; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.50; p<0.0001).