In case of obstruction, the gall bladder is usually enlarged and edematous with thickening of the wall (Ref: Hepatobiliary Fascioliasis:
Sonographic and CT Findings in 87 Patients During the InitialPhase and Long-Term Follow-Up. Adnan Kabaalioglu, Kagan Ceken, Emel Alimoglu, Rabin Saba, Metin Cubuk, Gokhan Arslan, Ali Apaydin. AJR 2007; 189:824–828). Fibrous adhesions of the gall bladder to adjacent organs are common. Lithiasis of the bile duct or gall bladder is frequent and the stones are usually small and multiple. Other animals
Veterinary clinical signs of fasciolosis are always closely associated with infectious dose (amount of ingested metacercariae). In sheep, as the most common definitive host, clinical presentation is divided into 4 types:
Acute Type I Fasciolosis: infectious dose is more than 5000 ingested metacercariae. Sheep suddenly die without any previous clinical signs. Ascites, abdominal haemorrhage, icterus, pallor of membranes, weakness may be observed in sheep. Acute Type II Fasciolosis: infectious dose is 1000-5,000 ingested metacercariae. As above, sheep die but briefly show pallor, loss of condition and ascites. Subacute Fasciolosis: infectious dose is 800-1000 ingested metacercariae. Sheep are lethargic, anemic and may die. Weight loss is dominant feature. Chronic Fasciolosis: infectious dose is 200-800 ingested metacercariae. Asymptomatic or gradual development of bottle jaw and ascites (ventral edema), emaciation, weight loss.In blood, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and eosinophilia may be observed in all types of fasciolosis. Elevation of liver enzyme activities, such a glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), is detected in subacute or chronic fasciolosis from 12 to 15 weeks after ingestion of metacercariae.
Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL), is a rare condition primarily affecting the brain, eyes, and skin of the head and face. It is characterized by unilateral subcutaneous and intracranial lipomas, alopecia, unilateral porencephalic cysts, epibulbar choristoma and other ophthalmic abnormalities. It was named after Haberland and Perou who first described it. Signs and Symptoms
Eighty to ninety percent of those with encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis are  unable to produce and keep fat tissue and have multiple lipomas. Other types of growths, including jaw tumours, may also occur.Approximately two thirds of individuals with Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis have intracranial and/or intraspinal lipomas. They also have an increased risk of developing a form of brain cancer known as a glioma. Other neurological issues that can occur include seizures, spasticity and variable intellectual disability. However, approximately one third of effected individuals have typical intelligence.The most common ocular abnormality in encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis is a form of benign growth called a choristoma which can occur in one or both eyes. These may effect vision. Other ocular symptoms include  abnormally small eyes, small pupils, iris hypoplasia, sclerocornea, hypertrophic conjunctivae, an absent macular reflex and anterior chamber anomalies. There may be eyelid colobomas and short or abnormal palpebral fissures. Skin tags often grow around the eyelids. Cause
History
This condition was first described in 1970. See also
Nevus psiloliparus

References


== External links ==