amiodarone, bleomycin (pingyangmycin), busulfan, methotrexate, apomorphine, and nitrofurantoin
Radiation therapy to the chest

Pathogenesis
Pulmonary fibrosis involves gradual exchange of normal lung parenchyma with fibrotic tissue. The replacement of normal lung with scar tissue causes irreversible decrease in oxygen diffusion capacity, and the resulting stiffness or decreased compliance makes pulmonary fibrosis a restrictive lung disease. Pulmonary fibrosis is perpetuated by aberrant wound healing, rather than chronic inflammation. It is the main cause of restrictive lung disease that is intrinsic to the lung parenchyma. In contrast, quadriplegia and kyphosis are examples of causes of restrictive lung disease that do not necessarily involve pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnosis
The diagnosis can be confirmed by lung biopsy. A videoscopic assisted thoracoscopic wedge biopsy (VATS) under general anesthesia may be necessary to obtain enough tissue to make an accurate diagnosis. This kind of biopsy involves placement of several tubes through the chest wall, one of which is used to cut off a piece of lung to send for evaluation. The removed tissue is examined histopathologically by microscopy to confirm the presence and pattern of fibrosis as well as presence of other features that may indicate a specific cause e.g. specific types of mineral dust or possible response to therapy e.g. a pattern of so-called non-specific interstitial fibrosis. Misdiagnosis is common because, while overall pulmonary fibrosis is not rare, each individual type of pulmonary fibrosis is uncommon and the evaluation of patients with these diseases is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Terminology has been standardized but difficulties still exist in their application.
Brand names
Nilutamide is marketed under the brand name Nilandron in the United States and under the brand name Anandron elsewhere in the world such as in Australia, Canada, Europe, and Latin America. Availability
Nilutamide is or has been available in the United States, Canada, Australia, Europe, Latin America, Egypt, and Lebanon. In Europe, it is or has been available in Belgium, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, and Yugoslavia. in Latin America, it is or has been available in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. Research
The combination of an estrogen and nilutamide as a form of combined androgen blockade for the treatment of prostate cancer has been studied in animals.Nilutamide has been studied in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. References
Further reading
Raynaud JP, Bonne C, Moguilewsky M, Lefebvre FA, Bélanger A, Labrie F (1984). "The pure antiandrogen RU 23908 (Anandron), a candidate of choice for the combined antihormonal treatment of prostatic cancer: a review". Prostate. 5 (3): 299–311. doi:10.1002/pros.2990050307. PMID 6374639. S2CID 85417869. Moguilewsky M, Bertagna C, Hucher M (1987). "Pharmacological and clinical studies of the antiandrogen Anandron". J. Steroid Biochem. 27 (4–6): 871–5. doi:10.1016/0022-4731(87)90162-2. PMID 3320565. Du Plessis DJ (1991). "Castration plus nilutamide vs castration plus placebo in advanced prostate cancer. A review". Urology. 37 (2 Suppl): 20–4. doi:10.1016/0090-4295(91)80097-q. PMID 1992599. Creaven PJ, Pendyala L, Tremblay D (1991). "Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of nilutamide". Urology. 37 (2 Suppl): 13–9. doi:10.1016/0090-4295(91)80096-p. PMID 1992598. Harris MG, Coleman SG, Faulds D, Chrisp P (1993). "Nilutamide.