They also may drift off during conversations, miss social cues, and have trouble learning social skills.Difficulties managing anger are more common in children with ADHD as are delays in speech, language and motor development. Poorer handwriting is more common in children with ADHD. Poor handwriting in many situations can be a side effect of ADHD in itself due to decreased attentiveness but when its a constant problem it may also be in part due to both Dyslexic and Dysgraphic individuals having higher rates of ADHD than the general population, with 3 in 10 people who have dyslexia also having ADHD. Although it causes significant difficulty, many children with ADHD have an attention span equal to or greater than that of other children for tasks and subjects they find interesting. Comorbidities
Psychiatric
In children, ADHD occurs with other disorders about two-thirds of the time.Other neurodevelopmental conditions are common comorbidities. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), co-occurring at a rate of 21% in those with ADHD, affects social skills, ability to communicate, behaviour, and interests. Both ADHD and ASD can be diagnosed in the same person. Learning disabilities have been found to occur in about 20–30% of children with ADHD. Learning disabilities can include developmental speech and language disorders, and academic skills disorders. ADHD, however, is not considered a learning disability, but it very frequently causes academic difficulties. Intellectual disabilities and Tourettes syndrome are also common. ADHD is often comorbid with disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorders.
In a minority of children, intolerances or allergies to certain foods may worsen ADHD symptoms.Individuals with hypokalemic sensory overstimulation are sometimes diagnosed as having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), raising the possibility that a subtype of ADHD has a cause that can be understood mechanistically and treated in a novel way. The sensory overload is treatable with oral potassium gluconate. Research does not support popular beliefs that ADHD is caused by eating too much refined sugar, watching too much television, parenting, poverty or family chaos; however, they might worsen ADHD symptoms in certain people. Society
The youngest children in a class have been found to be more likely to be diagnosed as having ADHD, possibly due to them being developmentally behind their older classmates. They also appear to use ADHD medications at nearly twice the rate of their peers.In some cases, an inappropriate diagnosis of ADHD may reflect a dysfunctional family or a poor educational system, rather than any true presence of ADHD in the individual. In other cases, it may be explained by increasing academic expectations, with a diagnosis being a method for parents in some countries to get extra financial and educational support for their child. Behaviors typical of ADHD occur more commonly in children who have experienced violence and emotional abuse. Pathophysiology
Current models of ADHD suggest that it is associated with functional impairments in some of the brains neurotransmitter systems, particularly those involving dopamine and norepinephrine.