Recently, evidence of hepatitis C infection has been reported in the majority of mixed disease cases with rates being 70-90% in areas with high incidences of hepatitis C. The most effective therapy for hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemic disease consists of a combination of anti-viral drugs, pegylated INFα and ribavirin; depletion of B cells using rituximab in combination with antiviral therapy or used alone in patients refractory to antiviral therapy has also proven successful in treating the hepatitis C-associated disease. Data on the treatment of infectious causes other than hepatitis C for the mixed disease are limited. A current recommendation treats the underlying disease with appropriate antiviral, anti-bacterial, or anti-fungal agents, if available; in cases refractory to an appropriate drug, the addition of immunosuppressive drugs to the therapeutic regimen may improve results. Mixed cryoglobulinemic disease associated with autoimmune disorders is treated with immunosuppressive drugs: combination of a corticosteroid with either cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, or mycophenolate or combination of a corticosteroid with rituximab have been used successfully to treated mixed disease associated with autoimmune disorders. See also
Cryofibrinogenemia
Cryoglobulinemic purpura
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
Dysfibrinogenemia
Hematopoietic ulcer
Hyperviscosity syndrome
Paraproteinemia
Plasma cell dyscrasias

References


== External links ==
Adrenaline is a hormone and neurotransmitter also known as epinephrine. Adrenaline or adrenalin may also refer to:

Adrenalin, a trademarked adrenaline product of Parke-Davis

Music
Adrenalin (band), an American rock group
Adrenaline (album), a 1995 album by Deftones
Adrenalin, a 2010 album by Faizal Tahir
"Adrenaline", a song by Bauhaus on the album Go Away White
"Adrenaline", a song by Emma Pollock on the album Watch the Fireworks
"Adrenaline" (Gavin Rossdale song), 2002
"Adrenaline" (Shinedown song), 2013
"Adrenalin/Distant Dreams (Part Two)", a 1980 single by Throbbing Gristle
"Adrenaline", a song by 12 Stones on the 2007 album Anthem for the Underdog
"Adrenaline", a song by The Roots on the 1999 album Things Fall Apart
"Adrenaline", a song by Rosetta Stone (band) on the 1993 album Adrenaline
Adrenaline, a 2003-2012 metal band
Adrenaline, a song from their 2004 EP Inspired by Anger used in FlatOut

Other
Adrenaline (autobiography), by Zlatan Ibrahimović
Adrenaline (novel), by James Robert Baker
Adrenalin: Fear the Rush, a 1996 action film
ADRenalin (Luxembourg), the youth wing of the Alternative Democratic Reform Party, a conservative political party in Luxembourg
Adrenaline (film), a 2015 film
Adrenalin (character), a character in the Asterix comic Asterix and the Chieftains Daughter
AMD Radeon Software, Adrenalin Edition

See also
Adrenalina (disambiguation)