Some studies have shown that the extent of complaints made by patients was associated with the severity of the condition and the number of missing permanent teeth.Meta-analyses and theoretical reviews have demonstrated that attractive children are seen by others as more intelligent and exhibit more positive social behaviour and traits, other than receiving much more positive treatment than their less attractive counterparts. Therefore, a divergence from perceived ideal dentofacial aesthetic, particularly in children, might adversely affect self-esteem and self-confidence besides attracting mockery from peers.It is therefore reasonable to theorize that deviations from "normal" or "ideal" dentofacial aesthetic could be destructive to an individuals psychosocial and emotional well-being, which brings upon some psychosocial distress in that individual as a result of their condition. Functional
Individuals with hypodontia tend to have deeper bites and spaces. Further deepening of the bite can also be seen on individuals with missing posterior teeth. Apart from that, hypodontia may lead to non-working interferences, poor gingival contours and over-eruptions of the opposing teeth.It has been found that individuals with hypodontia experience more difficulty during mastication or functioning movements due to smaller occlusal table available. A recent cross-sectional study showed that hypodontia patients have more difficulties in chewing, especially if the deciduous teeth associated with the missing permanent teeth had been exfoliated. Despite currently limited evidence to support this statement, it is plausible that hypodontia may pose functional limitations, which eventually affect that individuals general well-being and quality of life.Hypodontia can indeed pose limitations on the chewing ability of a patient.
A common cause is engaging in anal sex with partner(s) infected with sexual transmitted diseases in men who have sex with men. Shared enema usage has been shown to facilitate the spread of Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis. Diagnosis
Doctors can diagnose proctitis by looking inside the rectum with a proctoscope or a sigmoidoscope. A biopsy is taken, in which the doctor scrapes a tiny piece of tissue from the rectum, and this tissue is then examined by microscopy. The physician may also take a stool sample to test for infections or bacteria. If the physician suspects that the patient has Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis, colonoscopy or barium enema X-rays are used to examine areas of the intestine. Treatment
Treatment for proctitis varies depending on severity and the cause. For example, the physician may prescribe antibiotics for proctitis caused by bacterial infection. If the proctitis is caused by Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis, the physician may prescribe the drug 5-aminosalicyclic acid (5ASA) or corticosteroids applied directly to the area in enema or suppository form, or taken orally in pill form. Enema and suppository applications are usually more effective, but some patients may require a combination of oral and rectal applications. Another treatment available is that of fiber supplements such as Metamucil. Taken daily these may restore regularity and reduce pain associated with proctitis. Chronic radiation proctitis is usually treated first-line with sucralfate enemas. These are non-invasive and are effective in diffuse, distal disease.