One person rejected treatment and died because he couldnt afford to pay for it. Boyer collected data on the cost of production and marketing, and found that the largest true cost to payers, $4100/vial, was that of the legal, regulatory and hospital activities involved in selling the drug. Clinical trials contributed $300/vial, and 25% of that had been paid for by government grants. Other costs were the same as in Mexico. References
External links
RxList: Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine)
Concerns
Nicotine dependence results in substantial mortality, morbidity, and socio-economic impacts. Nicotine dependence is a serious public health concern due to it being one of the leading causes of avoidable deaths worldwide. The medical community is concerned that e-cigarettes may escalate global nicotine dependence, particularly among adolescents who are attracted to many of the flavored e-cigarettes. There is strong evidence that vaping induces symptoms of dependence in users. Many organizations such the World Health Organization, American Lung Association, and Australian Medical Association do not approve of vaping for quitting smoking in youth, making reference to concerns about their safety and the potential that experimenting with vaping may result in nicotine dependence and later tobacco use. Notes
See also
Nicotine poisoning
Nicotine withdrawal

Bibliography
Stratton, Kathleen; Kwan, Leslie Y.; Eaton, David L. (January 2018). Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes (PDF). National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. National Academies Press. pp. 1–774. doi:10.17226/24952. ISBN 978-0-309-46834-3. PMID 29894118. References
External links

Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (Heatherton et al., 1991)
Heaviness of Smoking Index (Heatherton et al., 1989)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V)
Tobacco Dependence Screener (Kawakami et al., 1999)
Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS; Shiffman, Waters & Hickcox, 2004)
Cigarette Dependence Scale (Etter et al., 2003)
Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (Piper et al., 2004)