This indicates that the defective gene responsible for a disorder is located on an autosome (chromosomes 12 and 17 are autosomes), and only one copy of the defective gene is sufficient to cause the disorder, when inherited from a parent who has the disorder. Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
It is often mistaken for leukoplakia.The differential diagnosis also includes hyperplastic candidiasis and frictional keratosis

Classification
The ICD-10 lists WSN under "other congenital malformations of mouth". It could be classified as a skin condition, or more precisely as a genodermatosis (a genetically determined skin disorder). Treatment
There is no treatment, but because this is a benign condition with no serious clinical complications, prognosis is excellent. See also
Oral melanosis
List of cutaneous conditions caused by mutations in keratins
Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis

References
External links
White sponge nevus of cannon; Leukokeratosis, hereditary mucosal at NIHs Office of Rare Diseases
This side effect is due to entacapone metabolism and excretion in the urine and shown to not be harmful. Sudden sleep onset
People have reported sudden sleep onset while engaging in daily activities without prior warning of drowsiness. In controlled studies, patients on entacapone had a 2% increased risk of somnolence compared to placebo. Low blood pressure
Episodes of orthostatic hypotension have been shown to be more common at the start of entacapone use due to increased levels of levodopa. Behavior problems
Post-marketing data shows that entacapone may change or worsen mental status, leading to behaviors such as delusions, agitation, confusion, and delirium.People taking entacapone may experience increased urges to participate in gambling, sexual activities, money spending, and other stimulating reward behaviors. Interactions
In studies, entacapone has shown a low potential for interaction with other drugs. In theory, it could interact with MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors because they also increase catecholamine levels in the body, with drugs being metabolized by COMT (for example  methyldopa, dobutamine, apomorphine, adrenaline, and isoprenaline), with iron because it could form chelates, with substances binding to the same albumin site in the blood plasma (for example diazepam and ibuprofen), and with drugs being metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP2C9 (for example warfarin). None of the medications tested in studies have shown clinically relevant interactions, except perhaps warfarin for which a 13% (CI90: 6–19%) increase in INR was seen when combined with entacapone. Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Entacapone is a selective and reversible inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).