In addition, the hypersomnolence and sleep latency findings cannot be better explained by other causes.DSM-5 narcolepsy criteria requires that the person to display recurrent periods of "an irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep, or napping" for at least three times a week over a period of three months. The individual must also display one of the following: cataplexy, hypocretin-1 concentration of less than 110 pg/mL, REM sleep latency of less than 15 minutes, or a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) showing sleep latency of less than 8 minutes and two or more SOREMPs. For a diagnosis of hypersomnolence disorder, the individual must present with excessive sleepiness despite at least 7 hours of sleep as well as either recurrent lapses into daytime sleep, nonrestorative sleep episodes of 9 or more hours, or difficulty staying awake after awakening. In addition, the hypersomnolence must occur at least three times a week for a period of three months, and must be accompanied by significant distress or impairment. It also cannot be explained by another sleep disorder, coexisting mental or medical disorders, or medication. Tests
Diagnosis is relatively easy when all the symptoms of narcolepsy are present, but if the sleep attacks are isolated and cataplexy is mild or absent, diagnosis is more difficult. Three tests that are commonly used in diagnosing narcolepsy are polysomnography (PSG), the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
This new recommendation provides a five-week window  for valid culture results that includes births that occur up to a gestational age of at least 41 weeks. The culture-based screening approach is followed in most developed countries such as the United States,  France, Spain, Belgium, Canada, Argentina, and Australia. The risk-based strategy is followed in the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. Screening for GBS colonization
Though the GBS colonization status of women can change during pregnancy, cultures to detect GBS carried out ≤5 weeks before delivery predict quite accurately the GBS carrier status at delivery. In contrast, if the prenatal culture is performed more than five weeks before delivery it is unreliable for predicting accurately the GBS carrier status at delivery.The clinical specimens recommended for culture of GBS at 36–37 weeks’ gestation, this recommendation provides a 5-week window for valid culture results that includes births that occur up to a gestational age of at least 41 weeks  (32–34 weeks of gestation for women with twins) are swabs collected the lower vagina (near the introitus) and then from the rectum (through the anal sphincter) without use of a speculum. Vaginal-rectal samples should be collected using a flocked swab preferably, since flocked swabs releases samples and microorganisms more effectively than fiber swabs. Following the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of United States  (CDC) these swabs should be placed into a non-nutritive transport medium and later inoculated into a selective enrichment broth, Todd Hewitt broth with selective antibiotics  (enrichment culture).