The reduction of open defecation is particularly called for, as is stopping the use of human waste as fertilizer.Further preventive measures include adherence to appropriate food hygiene, wearing of shoes, regular deworming of pets, and the proper disposal of their feces.Scientists are also searching for a vaccine against helminths, such as a hookworm vaccine. Treatment
Medications
Broad-spectrum benzimidazoles (such as albendazole and mebendazole) are the first line treatment of intestinal roundworm and tapeworm infections. Macrocyclic lactones (such as ivermectin) are effective against adult and migrating larval stages of nematodes. Praziquantel is the drug of choice for schistosomiasis, taeniasis, and most types of food-borne trematodiases. Oxamniquine is also widely used in mass deworming programmes. Pyrantel is commonly used for veterinary nematodiasis. Artemisinins and derivatives are proving to be candidates as drugs of choice for trematodiasis. Mass deworming
In regions where helminthiasis is common, mass deworming treatments may be performed, particularly among school-age children, who are a high-risk group. Most of these initiatives are undertaken by the World Health Organization (WHO) with positive outcomes in many regions. Deworming programs can improve school attendance by 25 percent. Although deworming improves the health of an individual, outcomes from mass deworming campaigns, such as reduced deaths or increases in cognitive ability, nutritional benefits, physical growth, and performance, are uncertain or not apparent. Surgery
If complications of helminthiasis, such as intestinal obstruction occur, emergency surgery may be required. Patients who require non-emergency surgery, for instance for removal of worms from the biliary tree, can be pre-treated with the anthelmintic drug albendazole.
Types of parasitic helminths
Of all the known helminth species, the most important helminths with respect to understanding their transmission pathways, their control, inactivation and enumeration in samples of human excreta from dried feces, faecal sludge, wastewater, and sewage sludge are:
soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides (the most common worldwide), Trichuris trichiura, Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis and Ancylostoma duodenale
Hymenolepis nana
Taenia saginata
Enterobius
Fasciola hepatica
Schistosoma mansoni
Toxocara canis
Toxocara catiHelminthiases are classified as follows (the disease names end with "-sis" and the causative worms are in brackets):

Roundworm infection (nematodiasis)
Filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi infection)
Onchocerciasis (Onchocerca volvulus infection)
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis – this includes ascariasis (Ascaris lumbricoides infection), trichuriasis (Trichuris infection), and hookworm infection (includes necatoriasis and Ancylostoma duodenale infection)
Trichostrongyliasis (Trichostrongylus spp. infection)
Dracunculiasis (guinea worm infection)
Baylisascaris (raccoon roundworm, may be transmitted to pets, livestock, and humans)

Tapeworm infection (cestodiasis)
Echinococcosis (Echinococcus infection)
Hymenolepiasis (Hymenolepis infection)
Taeniasis/cysticercosis (Taenia infection)
Coenurosis (T. multiceps, T. serialis, T. glomerata, and T. brauni infection)

Trematode infection (trematodiasis)
Amphistomiasis (amphistomes infection)
Clonorchiasis (Clonorchis sinensis infection)
Fascioliasis (Fasciola infection)
Fasciolopsiasis (Fasciolopsis buski infection)
Opisthorchiasis (Opisthorchis infection)
Paragonimiasis (Paragonimus infection)
Schistosomiasis/bilharziasis (Schistosoma infection)

Acanthocephala infection
Moniliformis infection

Transmission
Helminths are transmitted to the final host in several ways. The most common infection is through ingestion of contaminated vegetables, drinking water, and raw or undercooked meat. Contaminated food may contain eggs of nematodes such as Ascaris, Enterobius, and Trichuris; cestodes such as Taenia, Hymenolepis, and Echinococcus; and trematodes such as Fasciola. Raw or undercooked meats are the major sources of Taenia (pork, beef and venison), Trichinella (pork and bear), Diphyllobothrium (fish), Clonorchis (fish), and Paragonimus (crustaceans).