A 1-mm limbal incisions would be made, a spatula is inserted through the side to elevate the two pupils (avoiding contact with the lens), and the iris tissue would be cut using viscoelastic material. Finally, the limbal incisions were closed with stromal hydration, and intracameral cefuroxime is applied. Surgical technique
There have been cases where there are various techniques for surgical procedures and can be performed on children and adults. One of the techniques for repair is by using a double armed polypropylene suture, where the suture is left externally on the sclera with a knot buried in the scleral flap. This technique allows posterior fixation of intraocular lens implants in the absence of capsular support. Another technique for surgery is called pupilloplasty, where the patient would be placed under retrobulbar anesthesia with the pupils being dilated with 1% tropicamide. Prognosis
Postoperative care
Hypertonic saline solution used as eye drops may be used to reduce the corneal edema, the use of anti-glaucomatous topicals to help improve corneal edema, and aqueous suppressants that are accompanied by miotics, include topical beta blockers, alpha antagonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Antibiotics and steroid drops for 4 weeks post surgery. Complications and benefits
Complications of surgical procedures are possible suture erosion through the sclera, conjunctiva, or both. Minor intraocular inflammation during and after surgery. Improved distant and near visual acuity, little defects surrounding sphincter muscles, and normal pupillary margins. Prevention
There are no known preventive measures for polycoria, however genetic testing may be able to reveal genetic patterns of the disorder.
It takes its name from the Greek word Πολυμυαλγία polymyalgia, which means "pain in many muscles". Signs and symptoms
A wide range of symptoms can indicate if a person has polymyalgia rheumatica. The classic symptoms include:
Pain and stiffness (moderate to severe) in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, thighs, and hips, which inhibits activity, especially in the morning/after sleeping. Pain can also occur in the groin area and in the buttocks. The pain can be limited to one of these areas as well. It is a disease of the "girdles" meaning shoulder girdle or pelvic girdle. Fatigue and lack of appetite (possibly leading to weight loss)
Anemia
An overall feeling of illness or flu-like symptoms. Low-grade (mild) fever or abnormal temperature is sometimes present. In most people, it is characterized by constant fatigue, weakness and sometimes exhaustion.About 15% of people who are diagnosed with polymyalgia rheumatica also have temporal arteritis, and about 50% of people with temporal arteritis have polymyalgia rheumatica. Some symptoms of temporal arteritis include headaches, scalp tenderness, jaw or facial soreness, distorted vision, or aching in the limbs caused by decreased blood flow, and fatigue. Causes
The cause of PMR is not well understood. The pain and stiffness result from the activity of inflammatory cells and proteins that are normally a part of the bodys disease-fighting immune system, and the inflammatory activity seems to be concentrated in tissues surrounding the affected joints. During this disorder, the white blood cells in the body attack the lining of the joints, causing inflammation.