ISBN 0-425-18999-6
Approaches to Water Pollution Control, Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture
Allchin, Douglas. The Poisoning of Minamata
Saito, Hisashi. (2009). Niigata Minamata Disease:  Methyl Mercury Poisoning in Niigata, Japan. Niigata Nippo. Walker, Brett. (2010) "Toxic Archipelago: A History of Industrial Disease in Japan." University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-98954-8

External links

ATSDR – ToxFAQs: Mercury – Frequently asked questions about Mercury
National Institute for Minamata Disease
Minamata Disease: The History and Measures – The Ministry of the Environments summary of Minamata disease
Soshisha – The Supporting Center for Minamata Disease and the Minamata Disease Museum
Aileen Archive – Copyright holder of W. Eugene Smiths Minamata photos
Photograph by W. Eugene Smith – Tomoko Uemura in Her Bath, 1972
Minamata disease – Chapter from Industrial Pollution in Japan by Dr Jun Ui
Toxic Archipelago: Industrial Pollution in Japan – A talk by Brett Walker, September 16, 2010
Minamata Timeline by Minamata City Council. Minamata disease museum
The phenomenon can occur over water, when cold arctic air passes over relatively warm water. Intensity and damage
The Fujita scale and the Enhanced Fujita Scale rate tornadoes by damage caused. The Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale was an update to the older Fujita scale, by expert elicitation, using engineered wind estimates and better damage descriptions. The EF Scale was designed so that a tornado rated on the Fujita scale would receive the same numerical rating, and was implemented starting in the United States in 2007. An EF0 tornado will probably damage trees but not substantial structures, whereas an EF5 tornado can rip buildings off their foundations leaving them bare and even deform large skyscrapers. The similar TORRO scale ranges from a T0 for extremely weak tornadoes to T11 for the most powerful known tornadoes. Doppler weather radar data, photogrammetry, and ground swirl patterns (cycloidal marks) may also be analyzed to determine intensity and award a rating. Tornadoes vary in intensity regardless of shape, size, and location, though strong tornadoes are typically larger than weak tornadoes. The association with track length and duration also varies, although longer track tornadoes tend to be stronger. In the case of violent tornadoes, only a small portion of the path is of violent intensity, most of the higher intensity from subvortices.In the United States, 80% of tornadoes are EF0 and EF1 (T0 through T3) tornadoes. The rate of occurrence drops off quickly with increasing strength—less than 1% are violent tornadoes (EF4, T8 or stronger).