Additionally patients with POTS display a more pronounced change in heart rate in response to postural change. Treatment
POTS treatment involves using multiple methods in combination to counteract cardiovascular dysfunction, address symptoms, and simultaneously address any associated disorders. For most patients, water intake should be increased, especially after waking, in order to expand blood volume (reducing hypovolemia). Eight to ten cups of water daily are recommended. Increasing salt intake, by adding salt to food, taking salt tablets, or drinking sports drinks and other electrolyte solutions is an effective way to raise blood pressure by helping the body retain water. Different physicians recommend different amounts of sodium to their patients. Combining these techniques with gradual physical training enhances their effect. In some cases, when increasing oral fluids and salt intake is not enough, intravenous saline or the drug desmopressin is used to help increase fluid retention.Large meals worsen symptoms for some people. These people may benefit from eating small meals frequently throughout the day instead. Alcohol and food high in carbohydrates can also exacerbate symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. Excessive consumption of caffeine beverages should be avoided, because they can promote urine production (leading to fluid loss) and consequently hypovolemia. Exposure to extreme heat may also aggravate symptoms. Prolonged physical inactivity can worsen the symptoms of POTS. Techniques that increase a persons capacity for exercise, such as endurance training or graded exercise therapy, can relieve symptoms for some patients.
Coxa vara is treated by corrective femoral osteotomies. If there is brachial plexus irritation with pain and numbness, excision of the clavicular fragments can be performed to decompress it. In case of open fontanelle, appropriate headgear may be advised by the orthopedist for protection from injury. Prognosis
Several studies have reported that life expectancy appears to be normal for people with CCD. Epidemiology
Cleidocranial dysostosis affects about one per million people. Notable cases
In 1987, a young girl named Jessica McClure fell down a narrow well pipe in her familys Texas property. Ron Short, a roofing contractor who was born without collarbones because of cleidocranial dysostosis and thus could collapse his shoulders to work in cramped corners, arrived at the site and offered to go down the shaft. The rescuers did not end up using him, though McClure was successfully recovered from the well. Actor Gaten Matarazzo was born with cleidocranial dysplasia, which is incorporated into his character Dustin Hendersons storyline on Stranger Things.Sibling actress-singers Milly and Abby Shapiro were born with cleidocranial dysplasia, a trait they share with their mother. References
External links
Cleidocranial dysostosis at Curlie