Sgarlatos angle is defined as the angle between:
A line through the longitudinal axis of the second metatarsal bone. The longitudinal axis of the lesser tarsal bones. For this purpose, one line is drawn between the lateral limits of the fourth tarsometatarsal joint and the calcaneocuboid joint, and another line is drawn between the medial limits of the talonavicular joint and the 1st tarsometatarsal joint. The transverse axis is defined as going through the middle of those lines, and hence the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to this axis.This angle is normally up to 15°, and an increased angle indicates pigeon toe. Yet, it becomes more difficult to infer the locations of the joints in younger children due to incomplete ossification of the bones, especially when younger than 3–4 years. Internal Tibial Torsion
Internal tibial torsion is diagnosed by physical exam. The principle clinical exam is an assessment of the thigh-foot angle. The affected individual is placed in prone position with the knees flexed to 90 degrees. An imaginary line is drawn along the longitudinal axis of the thigh, and of the sole of the foot from a birds-eye view and the angle at the intersection of these two lines is measured. A value greater than 10 degrees of internal rotation is considered internal tibial torsion. A thigh-foot angle less than 10 degrees internal, and up to 30 degrees of external rotation is considered normal.Femoral Anteversion
Femoral anteversion is diagnosed by physical exam. The principle physical exam maneuver is an assessment of hip mobility.
This procedure involves the cutting (osteotomy) and straightening (derotation) of the femur, followed by internal fixation and to allow the bone to heal in place. See also
Bow-leggedness

References
External links

UK information from Oxford Hospitals NHS Trust
Metatarsus Adductus on POSNA—The Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America