Lemborexant, sold under the brand name Dayvigo, is an orexin antagonist medication which is used in the treatment of insomnia. It is indicated specifically for the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep onset and/or maintenance in adults. The medication is taken by mouth.Side effects of lemborexant include somnolence, fatigue, headache, and abnormal dreams. The medication is a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA). It acts as a selective dual antagonist of the orexin receptors OX1 and OX2. Lemborexant has a long elimination half-life of 17 to 55 hours and a time to peak of about 1 to 3 hours. It is not a benzodiazepine or Z-drug and does not interact with GABA receptors, instead having a distinct mechanism of action.Lemborexant was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2019. It is a schedule IV controlled substance in the United States and may have a low potential for misuse. Besides lemborexant, other orexin receptor antagonists including suvorexant and daridorexant have also been introduced. Medical uses
Lemborexant is used in the treatment of insomnia in adults.A major systematic review and network meta-analysis of medications for the treatment of insomnia published in 2022 found that lemborexant had an effect size (standardized mean difference (SMD)) against placebo for treatment of insomnia at 4 weeks of 0.36 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.63) and at 3 months of 0.41 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.78).
Another treatment option for amphetamine dependence is aversion therapy based on classical conditioning module; this will combine the amphetamine with a negative thing or opposite stimulus. Treatment for amphetamines is growing at extremely high rates around the world. Psychostimulants that increase dopamine and mimic the effects of substituted amphetamines, but with lower abuse liability, could theoretically be used as replacement therapy in amphetamine dependence. However, the few studies that used amphetamine, bupropion, methylphenidate, and modafinil as a replacement therapy did not result in less methamphetamine use or craving. References
External links

+ Media related to Amphetamine dependence at Wikimedia Commons