If the haematocele is not drained, a clotted haematocele usually results. The sac may calcify. Clotted hydrocele may result from a slow spontaneous ooze of blood into the tunica vaginalis. It is usually painless and by the time the patient seeks help, it may be difficult to be sure that the swelling is not due to a testicular tumour. Indeed, a tumour may present as a haematocele. Occasionally, severe infection can be introduced by aspiration. Simple aspiration, however, often may be used as a temporary measure in those cases where surgery is contraindicated or must be postponed. Postherniorrhaphy hydrocele is a relatively rare complication of inguinal hernia repair. It is possibly due to interruption to the lymphatics draining the scrotal contents. Infection which may lead to pyocele. Atrophy of testis in long standing cases.Complications are often diagnosed post-operatively, which can be differentiated through duplex ultrasound scanning and are bit observed until 24 to 48 hours for early complications such as drainage, infection, formation of haematocele, rupture, etc., but also for 1 to 6 weeks during follow-up on out-patient basis. Cause
A hydrocele can be produced in four ways:

by excessive production of fluid within the sac, e.g. secondary hydrocele
through defective absorption of fluid
by interference with lymphatic drainage of scrotal structures as in case of elephantiasis
by connection with a hernia of the peritoneal cavity in the congenital variety, which presents as hydrocele of the cord

Primary hydroceles
The swelling is soft and non-tender, large in size on examination, and the testis cannot usually be felt.
Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a periodontal disorder diagnosed based on distinct clinical characteristics. It was originally thought that LGE was directly associated with HIV, and it was thus called HIV-associated gingivitis (HIV-G). Later research confirmed that LGE also occurs in HIV negative immunocompromised patients, and it was thus renamed. Presentation
LGE is limited to the soft tissue of the periodontium, appearing as a red line 2–3 mm in width adjacent to the free gingival margin. Unlike conventional periodontal disease, though, LGE is not significantly associated with increased levels of dental plaque.The prevalence of LGE remains unclear and there is no known treatment. == References ==