The updates are made according to new price data to portray the costs of basic food, health services, clothing, and shelter around the world as accurately as possible. The latest revision was made in 2015 when the World Bank increased the line to international- $1.90. Because many of the worlds poorest people do not have a monetary income, the poverty measurement is based on the monetary value of a persons consumption. Otherwise the poverty measurement would be missing the home production of subsistence farmers that consume largely their own production. Alternative definitions
The $1.90/day extreme poverty line remains the most widely used metric as it highlights the reality of those in the most severe conditions. Although widely used by most international organizations, it has come under scrutiny due to a variety of factors. For example, it does not account for how far below the line people are, referred to as the depth of poverty. For this purpose, the same institutions publish data on the poverty gap. The international poverty line is designed to stay constant over time, to allow comparisons between different years. It is therefore a measure of absolute poverty and is not measuring relative poverty. It is also not designed to capture how people view their own financial situation (known as the socially subjective poverty line). Moreover, the calculation of the poverty line relies on information about consumer prices to calculate purchasing power parity, which are very hard to measure and are necessarily debatable.
Dolichocolon is an abnormally long large intestine. It should not be confused with an abnormally wide large intestine, which is called a megacolon.Dolichocolon may predispose to abnormal rotation (see volvulus) and interposition between the diaphragm and the liver (see Chilaiditi syndrome). It is more commonly seen in the elderly, some psychiatric patients or in institutionalised individuals. It is not, however, a part of normal aging. The exact cause remains unknown.Dolichocolon is often an incidental finding on abdominal X-rays or colonoscopy. It is not by itself a disease and as such requires no treatment. The term is from ancient Greek dolichos, the long distance in running, and colon. References


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