1-Deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ) has been shown to be both a potent competitive inhibitor of α-GAL and an effective chaperone to for Fabry disease, increasing intracellular α-GALs activity by 14-fold. Modifying blood type group B to group O
α-GAL, known as B-zyme in this context, has also demonstrated its ability to convert human blood group B to human blood group O, which can be transfused to patients of all blood types in the ABO blood group categorization. The current B-zyme used comes from Bacteroides fragilis. The idea of maintaining a blood supply at healthcare facilities with all non-O units converted to O units is achieved using enzyme-converted to group O technology, first developed in 1982. Advantages
A blood bank with ECO blood demonstrates the following advantages:
Compatible with and transfusable to patients of all blood groups
Reduce the demand for specific ABO blood groups A, B, AB
Reduce cost of maintaining a blood bank inventory in hospitals
Reduce blood transfusion reactions due to human error and ABO incompatibility
Reduce wastage of less needed blood types

Mechanism of Action
Red blood cell (RBC) surfaces are decorated with the glycoproteins and glycolipids that have the same basic sequence with terminal sugar α1‐2‐linked fucose linked to the penultimate galactose. This galactose molecule is called the H antigen. Blood type A, B, AB, and O differ only in the sugar (red molecule in the illustration) linked with the penultimate galactose. For blood type B, this linked sugar is an α-1‐3‐linked galactose. Using α-GAL, this terminal galactose molecule can be removed, converting RBC to type O.
List of medical procedures
Propaedeutic
Auscultation
Medical inspection (body features)
Palpation
Percussion (medicine)
Vital signs measurement, such as blood pressure, body temperature, or pulse (or heart rate)

Diagnostic
Lab tests
Biopsy test
Blood test
Stool test
Urinalysis
Cardiac stress test
Electrocardiography
Electrocorticography
Electroencephalography
Electromyography
Electroneuronography
Electronystagmography
Electrooculography
Electroretinography
Endoluminal capsule monitoring
Endoscopy
Colonoscopy
Colposcopy
Cystoscopy
Gastroscopy
Laparoscopy
Laryngoscopy
Ophthalmoscopy
Otoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Esophageal motility study
Evoked potential
Magnetoencephalography
Medical imaging
Angiography
Aortography
Cerebral angiography
Coronary angiography
Lymphangiography
Pulmonary angiography
Ventriculography
Chest photofluorography
Computed tomography
Echocardiography
Electrical impedance tomography
Fluoroscopy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Diffuse optical imaging
Diffusion tensor imaging
Diffusion-weighted imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Positron emission tomography
Radiography
Scintillography
SPECT
Ultrasonography
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Gynecologic ultrasonography
Intravascular ultrasound
Obstetric ultrasonography
Thermography
Virtual colonoscopy
Neuroimaging
Posturography

Therapeutic
Thrombosis prophylaxis
Precordial thump
Politzerization
Hemodialysis
Hemofiltration
Plasmapheresis
Apheresis
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer vaccine
Cervical conization
Chemotherapy
Cytoluminescent therapy
Insulin potentiation therapy
Low-dose chemotherapy
Monoclonal antibody therapy
Photodynamic therapy
Radiation therapy
Targeted therapy
Tracheal intubation
Unsealed source radiotherapy
Virtual reality therapy
Physical therapy/Physiotherapy
Speech therapy
Phototerapy
Hydrotherapy
Heat therapy
Shock therapy
Insulin shock therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy
Symptomatic treatment
Fluid replacement therapy
Palliative care
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Oxygen therapy
Gene therapy
Enzyme replacement therapy
Intravenous therapy
Phage therapy
Respiratory therapy
Vision therapy
Electrotherapy
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Laser therapy
Combination therapy
Occupational therapy
Immunization
Vaccination
Immunosuppressive therapy
Psychotherapy
Drug therapy
Acupuncture
Antivenom
Magnetic therapy
Craniosacral therapy
Chelation therapy
Hormonal therapy
Hormone replacement therapy
Opiate replacement therapy
Cell therapy
Stem cell treatments
Intubation
Nebulization
Inhalation therapy
Particle therapy
Proton therapy
Fluoride therapy
Cold compression therapy
Animal-Assisted Therapy
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
Nicotine replacement therapy
Oral rehydration therapy

Surgical
Ablation
Amputation
Biopsy
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Cryosurgery
Endoscopic surgery
Facial rejuvenation
General surgery
Hand surgery
Hemilaminectomy
Image-guided surgery
Knee cartilage replacement therapy
Laminectomy
Laparoscopic surgery
Lithotomy
Lithotriptor
Lobotomy
Neovaginoplasty
Radiosurgery
Stereotactic surgery
Radiosurgery
Vaginoplasty
Xenotransplantation

Anesthesia
Dissociative anesthesia
General anesthesia
Local anesthesia
Topical anesthesia (surface)
Epidural (extradural) block
Spinal anesthesia (subarachnoid block)
Regional anesthesia

Other
Interventional radiology
Screening (medicine)

See also
Algorithm (medical)
Autopsy
Complication (medicine)
Consensus (medical)
Contraindication
Course (medicine)
Drug interaction
Extracorporeal
Guideline (medical)
Iatrogenesis
Invasive (medical)
List of surgical instruments
Medical error
Medical prescription
Medical test
Minimally invasive
Nocebo
Non-invasive
Physical examination
Responsible drug use
Surgical instruments
Vital signs


== References ==