False negatives are most frequently attributed to radiographer error, uncooperative pediatric patients, or variations in intestinal positioning. In equivocal cases physicians may wish to repeat the upper GI or consider additional diagnostic modalities. Lower gastrointestinal series, may be helpful in some patients by showing the caecum at an abnormal location. CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging may also aide in the diagnosis of equivocal cases.The incidence of intestinal malrotation in infants with omphalocoele is low. Therefore, there is little evidence to support the screening for intestinal malrotation in infants with omphalocoele. Treatment
Prompt surgical treatment is necessary for intestinal malrotation when volvulus has occurred:
First, the patient is resuscitated with fluids to stabilize them for surgery
The volvulus is corrected (counterclockwise rotation of the bowel),
The fibrous Ladds bands over the duodenum are cut,
The mesenteric pedicle is widened by separation of the duodenum and cecum,
The small and large bowels are placed in a position that reduces their risk of future volvulusWith this condition the appendix is often on the wrong side of the body and therefore removed as a precautionary measure during the surgical procedure. This surgical technique is known as the "Ladds procedure", after Dr. William Ladd. Long-term research on the Ladds procedure indicates that even after surgery, some patients are susceptible to GI issues and may need further surgery. See also
Situs inversus, a congenital condition in which the major visceral organs are reversed or mirrored from their normal positions. References


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Repeat until blood glucose levels have returned to normal levels, or call emergency services for further assistance.If the person is unconscious, a glucagon kit may be used to treat severe hypoglycemia, which delivers glucagon either by injection into a muscle or through nasal inhalation. In the United States, glucacon kits are available by prescription for diabetic patients to carry in case of an episode of severe hypoglycemia. Emergency services should be called for further assistance. Treatment by medical professionals
In a healthcare setting, treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and intravenous access. If a patient is conscious and able to swallow safely, food or drink may be administered, as well as glucose tabs or gel. In those with intravenous access, 25 grams of 50% dextrose is commonly administered. When there is no intravenous access, intramuscular or intra-nasal glucagon may be administered. Other treatments
While the treatment of hypoglycemia is typically managed with carbohydrate consumption, glucagon injection, or dextrose administration, there are some other treatments available. Medications like diazoxide and octreotide decrease insulin levels, increasing blood glucose levels. Dasiglucagon was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2021, to treat severe hypoglycemia. Dasiglucagon (brand name Zegalogue) is unique because it is glucagon in a prefilled syringe or auto-injector pen, as opposed to traditional glucagon kits that require mixing powdered glucagon with a liquid.The soft drink Lucozade has been used for hypoglycemia in the United Kingdom, but it has recently replaced much of its glucose with artificial sweeteners, which do not treat hypoglycemia.