L-glutamate may bond to a type of GPCR known as a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR4) which causes the G-protein complex to activate the sensation of umami. Measuring relative tastes
Measuring the degree to which a substance presents one basic taste can be achieved in a subjective way by comparing its taste to a reference substance. Sweetness is subjectively measured by comparing the threshold values, or level at which the presence of a dilute substance can be detected by a human taster, of different sweet substances. Substances are usually measured relative to sucrose, which is usually given an arbitrary index of 1 or 100. Rebaudioside A is 100 times sweeter than sucrose; fructose is about 1.4 times sweeter; glucose, a sugar found in honey and vegetables, is about three-quarters as sweet; and lactose, a milk sugar, is one-half as sweet.The sourness of a substance can be rated by comparing it to very dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl).Relative saltiness can be rated by comparison to a dilute salt solution.Quinine, a bitter medicinal found in tonic water, can be used to subjectively rate the bitterness of a substance. Units of dilute quinine hydrochloride (1 g in 2000 mL of water) can be used to measure the threshold bitterness concentration, the level at which the presence of a dilute bitter substance can be detected by a human taster, of other compounds.
David Leisner, classical guitarist, has recovered the full use of his hand after a decade of disability. Billy McLaughlin, guitarist, switched to playing left-handed when affected by dystonia. Christian Münzner, lead guitarist of progressive extreme metal band Obscura
Apostolos Paraskevas, Greek-American classical guitarist-composer, was struck by focal dystonia to his right hand in 2009. He fully recovered in 2013. Charlie Parr, American country blues musician from Minnesota
Alex Webster, bassist
Victor Wooten, bassist, has it on both hands

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