Minocyclines absorption is impaired if taken at the same time of day as calcium or iron supplements. Unlike some of the other tetracycline group antibiotics, it can be taken with calcium-rich foods such as milk, although this does reduce the absorption slightly.Minocycline, like other tetracyclines, is associated with esophageal irritation and ulceration if insufficient fluids are taken with the drug before sleep.A 2007 study suggested that minocycline harms amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Patients on minocycline declined more rapidly than those on placebo. The mechanism of this side effect is unknown, although a hypothesis is that the drug exacerbated an autoimmune component of the primary disease. The effect does not seem to be dose-dependent because the patients on high doses did not do worse than those on the low doses.The use of minocycline in acne vulgaris has been associated with skin and gut dysbiosis (see antibiotic misuse). Interactions
The combination of minocycline with dairy, antacids, calcium and magnesium supplements, iron products, laxatives containing magnesium, or bile acid sequestrants may decrease minocyclines effectiveness by forming chelates. Combining it with isotretinoin, acitretin or other retinoids can increase the risk for intracranial hypertension. Minocycline significantly reduces concentrations of the anti-HIV drug atazanavir in the body. Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics
Minocycline is quickly and nearly completely absorbed from the upper part of the small intestine. Taking it together with food, including milk, has no relevant influence on resorption. It reaches highest blood plasma concentrations after one to two hours and has a plasma protein binding of 70–75%.
J. Psychiatry 2010, 196, 36–40. 13. Knezovic, A.; Osmanovic-Barilar, J.; Curlin, M.; Hof, P.R. ; Šimić, G.; Riederer, P.; Salkovic-Petrisic, M. et al. Staging of cognitive deficits and neuropathological and ultrastructural changes in streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimers disease. J. Neural Transm. 2015, 122, 577–592. 14. Sharma, M. et al. Intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin in rats produces both oxidative stress in the brain and cognitive impairment. Life Sci. 2001, 68, 1021–1029. 15. Latina, V. et al., Tau Cleavage Contributes to Cognitive Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Sporadic Alzheimers Disease (sAD) Mouse Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212158. External links
U.S. Patent 3,027,300
FDA drug details