DES was the hormonal treatment of choice for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women until 1977, when the FDA approved tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator with efficacy similar to DES but fewer side effects.Several sources from medical literature in the 1970s and 1980s indicate that DES was used as a component of hormone therapy for transgender women.In 1973, in an attempt to restrict off-label use of DES as a postcoital contraceptive (which had become prevalent at many university health services following publication of an influential study in 1971 in JAMA) to emergency situations such as rape, an FDA Drug Bulletin was sent to all U.S. physicians and pharmacists that said the FDA had approved, under restricted conditions, postcoital contraceptive use of DES.In 1975, the FDA said it had not actually given (and never did give) approval to any manufacturer to market DES as a postcoital contraceptive, but would approve that indication for emergency situations such as rape or incest if a manufacturer provided patient labeling and special packaging as set out in a FDA final rule published in 1975.
Chorditis is the inflammation of vocal cords (vocal folds) usually as a result of voice abuse but sometimes because of cancer. Types
Chorditis fibrinosa
Chorditis nodosa
Chorditis tuberosa

See also
Vocal fold nodule

References


== External links ==