The Food and Drug Administration approved the vagus nerve stimulator in 1997 as a way to control seizures in some patients with epilepsy. "Persistent digital rectal massage has also been proven effective in terminating intractable hiccups. Folk remedies
There are many superstitious and folk remedies for hiccups, including headstanding, drinking a glass of water upside-down, being frightened by someone, breathing into a bag, eating a large spoonful of peanut butter and placing sugar on or under the tongue.Acupressure, either through actual function or placebo effect, may cure hiccups in some people. For example, one technique is to relax the chest and shoulders and find the deepest points of the indentations directly below the protrusions of the collarbones. The index or middle fingers are inserted into the indents and pressed firmly for sixty seconds as long, deep breaths are taken.A simple treatment involves increasing the partial pressure of CO2 and inhibiting diaphragm activity by holding ones breath or rebreathing into a paper bag. Other potential remedies suggested by NHS Choices include pulling the knees up to the chest and leaning forward, sipping ice-cold water and swallowing some granulated sugar.Drinking through a straw with the ears plugged is a folk remedy that can be successful. In 2021 a scientific tool with a similar basis was tested on 249 hiccups subjects; the results were published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). This device is named FISST (Forced Inspiratory Suction and Swallow Tool) and branded as "HiccAway".
Adverse effects
Common side effects of Odevixibat include diarrhea, stomach pain, vomiting, abnormal liquid function tests, and a deficiency in vitamins A,D, E and K.

Contraindications
Odevixibat cannot be given to a child on a liquid diet. Society and culture
Legal status
In May 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommended granting a marketing authorization in the European Union for odevixibat for the treatment of PFIC in people aged six months or older. It was approved for medical use in the European Union in July 2021. References
External links
"Odevixibat". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Clinical trial number NCT03566238 for "This Study Will Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of A4250 in Children With PFIC 1 or 2 (PEDFIC 1)" at ClinicalTrials.gov