Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne
bacterial infection, caused by bacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae, genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. These obligate intracellular bacteria infect and kill white blood cells. The average reported annual incidence is on the order of 2.3 cases per million people. Types
Six (see note below) species have been shown to cause human infection:
Anaplasma phagocytophilum  causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. A. phagocytophilum is endemic to New England and the north-central and Pacific regions of the United States. Ehrlichia ewingii  causes human ewingii ehrlichiosis. E. ewingii primarily infects deer and dogs (see Ehrlichiosis (canine)). E. ewingii is most common in the south-central and southeastern states. Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis. E. chaffeensis is most common in the south-central and southeastern states. Ehrlichia canis
Neorickettsia sennetsu
Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis
The latter three infections are not well studied. Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis was recently discovered and has low reporting numbers due to the fact that it is relatively new and because its symptoms are very similar to the symptoms caused by other Ehrlichia bacteria. In 2008, human infection by a Panola Mountain (in Georgia, USA) Ehrlichia species was reported. On August 3, 2011, infection by a yet-unnamed bacterium in the genus Ehrlichia was reported, carried by deer ticks and causing flu-like symptoms in at least 25 people in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Until then, human ehrlichiosis was thought to be very rare or absent in both states.
It was first FDA approved for use in the United States in 2005, and it was marketed as Xibrom, twice-daily. In October 2010 Bromday received FDA approval as a new, once-daily formulation. More recently, in 2013, Prolensa has also been approved by the FDA. Bromfenac eye drops have been marketed in the European Union since 2011, and are available on worldwide markets with agreements from Bausch & Lomb, Croma-Pharma, and other companies.Bromfenac was formerly marketed in the United States by Wyeth-Ayerst in an oral formulation called Duract for short-term relief of pain (less than 10 days at a time). It was brought to market in July 1997, and was withdrawn 22 June 1998, following numerous reports of hepatotoxicity in patients who had taken the medication for longer than the recommended 10-day period. References
External links
"Bromfenac". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Bromfenac sodium". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.