Crohns is responsible for 10% of vesicoenteric fistulae, and is the most common cause of ileovesical fistulae.Symptoms caused by intestinal stenosis, or the tightening and narrowing of the bowel, are also common in Crohns disease. Abdominal pain is often most severe in areas of the bowel with stenosis. Persistent vomiting and nausea may indicate stenosis from small bowel obstruction or disease involving the stomach, pylorus, or duodenum.Intestinal granulomas are a walled-off portions of the intestine by macrophages in order to isolate infections. Granuloma formation is more often seen in younger patients, and mainly in the severe, active penetrating disease. Granuloma is considered the hallmark of microscopic diagnosis in Crohns disease (CD), but granulomas can be detected in only 21-60% of CD patients. Cancer
Crohns disease also increases the risk of cancer in the area of inflammation. For example, individuals with Crohns disease involving the small bowel are at higher risk for small intestinal cancer. Similarly, people with Crohns colitis have a relative risk of 5.6 for developing colon cancer. Screening for colon cancer with colonoscopy is recommended for anyone who has had Crohns colitis for at least eight years.Some studies suggest there is a role for chemoprotection in the prevention of colorectal cancer in Crohns involving the colon; two agents have been suggested, folate and mesalamine preparations. Also, immunomodulators and biologic agents used to treat this disease may promote developing extra-intestinal cancers.Some cancers, such as Acute Myelocytic Leukaemia have been described in cases of Crohns disease.
"FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines; requires its strongest warning". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 31 August 2016.