Using cloned α1G, α1H, and α1I T-type calcium channels, Gomoras team found that ethosuximide blocked the channels with an IC50 of 12 ± 2 mmol/L and that of N-desmethylmethsuximide (the active metabolite of mesuximide) is 1.95 ± 0.19 mmol/L for α1G, 1.82 ± 0.16 mmol/L for α1I, and 3.0 ± 0.3 mmol/L for α1H. It was suggested that the blockade of open channels is facilitated by ethosuximides physically plugging the channels when current flows inward. Stereochemistry
Ethosuximide is a chiral drug with a stereocenter. Therapeutically, the racemate, the 1: 1 mixture of ( S ) and ( R ) - isomers used. Society and culture
Cost
As of 2019 there were concerns in the United States that the price of ethosuximide was inflated by manufacturers. Availability
Availability of ethosuximide is limited in many countries. It was marketed under the trade names Emeside and Zarontin. However, both capsule preparations were discontinued from production, leaving only generic preparations available. Emeside capsules were discontinued by their manufacturer, Laboratories for Applied Biology, in 2005. Similarly, Zarontin capsules were discontinued by Pfizer in 2007. Syrup preparations of both brands remained available. See also
Phensuximide
Methsuximide

References
External links
"Ethosuximide". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Manganese deficiency may refer to:

Manganese deficiency (medicine)
Manganese deficiency (plant)