Some people are unable to tolerate milk from goats or sheep as well as from cows, and many are also unable to tolerate dairy products such as cheese. Roughly 10% of children with a milk allergy will have a reaction to beef. Beef contains small amounts of proteins that are present in greater abundance in cows milk. Lactose intolerance, a common reaction to milk, is not a form of allergy at all, but due to the absence of an enzyme in the digestive tract.Those with tree nut allergies may be allergic to one or to many tree nuts, including pecans, pistachios, pine nuts, and walnuts. In addition, seeds, including sesame seeds and poppy seeds, contain oils in which protein is present, which may elicit an allergic reaction.Allergens can be transferred from one food to another through genetic engineering; however genetic modification can also remove allergens. Little research has been done on the natural variation of allergen concentrations in unmodified crops. Latex
Latex can trigger an IgE-mediated cutaneous, respiratory, and systemic reaction. The prevalence of latex allergy in the general population is believed to be less than one percent. In a hospital study, 1 in 800 surgical patients (0.125 percent) reported latex sensitivity, although the sensitivity among healthcare workers is higher, between seven and ten percent. Researchers attribute this higher level to the exposure of healthcare workers to areas with significant airborne latex allergens, such as operating rooms, intensive-care units, and dental suites.
Elosulfase alfa (trade name Vimizim) is a drug for the treatment of Morquio syndrome which is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase. Elosulfase alfa is a synthetic version of this enzyme. Elosulfase alfa was developed by BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. and approved for use in the US by the Food and Drug Administration in 2014.The drug is used in enzyme replacement therapy; a 2014 study confirmed it was effective on young patients with Morquio syndrome type A. Treatment with this medication was most effective upon respiratory symptoms, activities of daily living and growth, as confirmed in a 2015 paper.The cost of elosulfase alfa in some countries is $2,080,000-$6,240,000 a year, which has made it difficult for some health systems to afford it.In June 2019, a Belgian court issued a preliminary injunction forcing BioMarin to continue supplying Vimizim to a young girl suffering from Morquio syndrome free of charge. BioMarin stopped providing the drug for free at the beginning of the year after negotiations with Belgian health authorities regarding reimbursement of the product repeatedly failed. This caused the parents to start legal proceedings to force the company to keep providing the medicine free of charge. BioMarin was ordered to keep doing so until a definitive judgment would be rendered, or until the medicine would be available on the Belgian market at a reasonable price. == References ==