Lymphatic malformation
Lymphatic malformation, or cystic hygroma, is an abnormal growth of lymphatic vessels that usually affects children around the head and neck.. Treatment often consists of to removal of the tissue, but the rate of recurrence is high. Sirolimus has shown evidence of being helpful in alleviating symptoms and reducing the size of the malformation. Graft-versus-host disease
Due to its immunosuppressant activity, Rapamycin has been assessed as prophylaxis or treatment agent of Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. While contrasted results were obtained in clinical trials, pre-clinical studies have shown that Rapamycin can mitigate GVHD by increasing the proliferation of regulatory T cells, inhibiting cytotoxic T cells and lowering the differentiation of effector T cells. Applications in biology research
Rapamycin is used in biology research as an agent for chemically induced dimerization. In this application, rapamycin is added to cells expressing two fusion constructs, one of which contains the rapamycin-binding FRB domain from mTOR and the other of which contains an FKBP domain. Each fusion protein also contains additional domains that are brought into proximity when rapamycin induces binding of FRB and FKBP. In this way, rapamycin can be used to control and study protein localization and interactions. References
Further reading
Benjamin D, Colombi M, Moroni C, Hall MN (October 2011). "Rapamycin passes the torch: a new generation of mTOR inhibitors". Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery. 10 (11): 868–80. doi:10.1038/nrd3531. PMID 22037041. S2CID 1227277. Freixo C, Ferreira V, Martins J, Almeida R, Caldeira D, Rosa M,  et al. (January 2020).
Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS) is a dermatological disease with known genetic causes. This syndrome is a rare subcategory of autosomal recessive  congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). It is associated with complications in the mid-trimester of a pregnancy leading to premature births. Although most prevalent in individuals of Scandinavian origin, there have also been scattered cases in people of Japanese, Italian and Indian ethnicity. This disorder is also referred to as ichthyosis congenital type IV. Signs and symptoms
The symptoms associated with the disorder are often confused for other dermatological disorders. The symptoms below are ones specifically associated with IPS. Premature birth
Pregnancies that have a foetus affected with this syndrome are complicated because of polyhydramnion. Complications arise because of opaque amnionic fluid resulting from the shedding of skin. As a result, ultrasounds are difficult to conduct. Triggered by the harsh environment in the uterus, delivery results around 30– 34 weeks of gestation (pregnancy) and the baby is born in prematurely. Thick caseous layer of skin
A white layer of thick scaly substance covers the surface of the skin of the infant. This is characterized by aggregating membranes in the upper layer of skin on epidermal cells. Desquamating skin
Red endemic skin as well as spongy and desquamating (peeling) skin are consistent with this syndrome. Respiratory problems
After premature delivery, the baby often has neonatal asphyxia from breathing amnionic debris mainly composed of shedding skin cells. Neonatal refers to the very young infant and amniotic fluid refers to the liquid environment the baby is bathed in inside the uterus.