Risk factors for elder abuse
Various risk factors increase the likelihood that an elderly person will become a victim of elder abuse, including an elderly person who:
Has memory problems (such as dementia)
Has a mental illness, either long-standing or recent
Has physical disabilities
Has depression, loneliness, or lack of social support
Abuses alcohol or other substances
Takes prescribed medications that impair judgment
Is verbally or physically combative with the caregiver
Has a shared living situation
Has a criminal historySeveral other risk factors increase the likelihood that a caregiver will participate in elder abuse, including a caregiver who:
Feels overwhelmed or resentful
Has a history of substance abuse or a history of abusing others
Is dependent on the older person for housing, finances, or other needs
Has mental health problems
Is unemployed
Has a criminal history
Has a shared living situationIn addition:

Lower income or poverty has been found to be associated with elder abuse. Low economic resources have been conceptualized as a contextual or situational stressor contributing to elder abuse. Living with a large number of household members other than a spouse is associated with an increased risk of abuse, especially financial abuse.Risk factors can also be categorized into individual, relationship, community, and sociocultural levels. At the individual level, elders who have poor physical and mental health are at higher risk. At the relationship level, a shared living situation is a huge risk factor for the elderly, and living in the same area as the abuser is more likely to result in abuse. At the community level, caregivers may knowingly or inadvertently cause social isolation of the elderly.
Additionally or alternatively, flow-dependent or other contrast-free magnetic resonance imaging techniques can be used to determine the location and other properties of the vasculature.AVMs can occur in various parts of the body:

brain (cerebral AV malformation)
spleen
lung
kidney
spinal cord
liver
intercostal space
iris
spermatic cord
extremities – arm, shoulder, etc.AVMs may occur in isolation or as a part of another disease (for example, Von Hippel-Lindau disease or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia).AVMs have been shown to be associated with aortic stenosis.Bleeding from an AVM can be relatively mild or devastating. It can cause severe and less often fatal strokes. If a cerebral AVM is detected before a stroke occurs, usually the arteries feeding blood into the nidus can be closed off to avert the danger. However, interventional therapy may also be relatively risky. Treatment
Treatment for brain AVMs can be symptomatic, and patients should be followed by a neurologist for any seizures, headaches, or focal neurologic deficits. AVM-specific treatment may also involve endovascular embolization, neurosurgery or radiosurgery. Embolization, that is, cutting off the blood supply to the AVM with coils, particles, acrylates, or polymers introduced by a radiographically guided catheter, may be used in addition to neurosurgery or radiosurgery, but is rarely successful in isolation except in smaller AVMs. Gamma knife may also be used.Treatment of lung AVMs is typically performed with endovascular embolization alone, which is considered the standard of care. Epidemiology
The estimated detection rate of AVM in the US general population is 1.4/100,000 per year. This is approximately one fifth to one seventh the incidence of intracranial aneurysms.