According to the National Cancer Database, PRCC was more common in the Non-Hispanic Black population (38.9%) when compared to other races – Asian American (18.0%), Non-Hispanic White (13.2%), and Hispanic White populations (6.1%). References


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These cells require iron for their massive amounts of hemoglobin which allow them to transport oxygen.Because anemia of chronic disease can be the result of non-infective causes of inflammation, future research is likely to investigate whether hepcidin antagonists might be able to treat this problem. Anemia of chronic disease may also be due to neoplastic disorders and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. Neoplastic disorders include Hodgkin disease and lung and breast carcinoma, while non-infectious inflammatory diseases include celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and dermatomyositis. Anemia of chronic disease, as it is now understood, is to at least some degree separate from the anemia seen in kidney failure in which anemia results from reduced production of erythropoietin, or the anemia caused by some drugs (like AZT, used to treat HIV infection) that have the side effect of inhibiting erythropoiesis. In other words, not all anemia seen in people with chronic disease should be diagnosed as anemia of chronic disease. On the other hand, both of these examples show the complexity of this diagnosis: HIV infection itself can produce anemia of chronic disease, and kidney failure can lead to inflammatory changes that also can produce anemia of chronic disease. Diagnosis
While no single test is reliable to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from the anemia of chronic inflammation, there are sometimes some suggestive data:

In anemia of chronic inflammation without iron deficiency, ferritin is normal or high, reflecting the fact that iron is sequestered within cells, and ferritin is being produced as an acute phase reactant.