After birth, in the presence of suggestive features (such as macrocephaly), hydrocephalus can be confirmed with noninvasive imaging including head magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or ultrasound showing ventriculomegaly, or direct measurement of intracranial pressure through invasive techniques such as lumbar puncture. Further, the spasticity found in patients with HSAS can be easily demonstrated by examining the deep tendon reflexes and the extensor plantar reflex (which will both be abnormally brisk and strong due to damage to the cortex and internal capsule of the brain). There are various types of genetic testing that can be used to confirm an L1 syndrome diagnosis in a patient. After birth, genetic tests carry a low-risk of physical complications and are minimally-painful: for the patient, the process requires a small amount of blood being drawn from the arm using a needle. However, prenatal genetic testing carries significant risks for both the fetus and mother due to the need to remove genetic material from the fetus while it is still in utero. In order to conduct prenatal genetic testing, the mother and fetus must undergo either amniocentesis (the surgical puncturing of the amniotic sac, which holds the fetus in the womb) or, less frequently, chorionic villus sampling.
Orthotics can be used to reduce the extension of the feet (toe down), which causes dragging and falling, to be noted that orthotics are usually used along with medications that decrease spasticity, such as Botox. References


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