WHO criteria
The WHO criteria for diagnosis are as follows:
Persistent peripheral blood monocytosis with counts >1x109/L
No Philadelphia chromosome or BCR-ABL1 fusion gene
No rearrangement of PDGFRA or PDGFRB gene
<20% myeloblasts, monoblasts and promonocytes in peripheral blood or bone marrow
Dysplasia in one or more of the myeloid lineages; if myelodysplasia is absent or minimal then a diagnosis of CMML can be made if other requirements are met and:
A molecular genetic abnormality is present in haematopoietic cells, or
Monocytosis present for ≥3 months and other causes of monocytosis have been ruled outWHO defined CMML has two main subsets, CMML-1 and CMML-2. CMML-1 is diagnosed if myeloblasts, monoblasts and promonocytes are <5% of peripheral blood and <10% of bone marrow. CMML-2 is diagnosed if:

Myeloblasts, monoblasts or promonocytes are 5-19% in blood, or
Myeloblasts, monoblasts or promonocytes are 10-19% in bone marrow, or
Auer rods are presentCMML-1 and CMML-2 can be additionally grouped as CMML-1 or CMML-2 with eosinophilia. These are diagnosed if the above criteria are met and the blood eosinophil count is >1.5x109/L.Presence of two or more phenotypic abnormalities can aid a diagnosis of CMML in the absence of identifying cytogenetic or dysplastic features. These can include the expression of CD56 and/or CD2, or under-expression of HLA-DR.

Prognosis
Factors affecting prognosis
CMML-2 has a reduced overall survival as compared with CMML-1, with median survivals of 15 and 20 months, respectively. Myeloproliferative CMML (>13x109 monocytes/L) has a reduced survival compared with myelodysplastic CMML. A platelet count of <100 x109/L reduces overall survival. A haemoglobin level of <10g/dL has a reduced overall survival.
Late congenital syphilitic oculopathy is a disease of the eye, a manifestation of late congenital syphilis. It can appear as:

Interstitial keratitis – this commonly appears between ages 6 and 12. Symptoms include lacrimation and photophobia. Pathological vascularization of the cornea cause it to turn pink or salmon colored. 90% of cases affect both eyes. Episcleritis or scleritis – nodules appear in or overlying the sclera (white of eye)
Iritis or iris papules – vascular infiltration of the iris causes rosy color change and yellow/red nodules. Chorioretinitis, papillitis, retinal vasculitis – retinal changes can resemble retinitis pigmentosa. Exudative retinal detachmentCongenital syphilis is categorized by the age of the child. Early congenital syphilis occurs in children under 2 years old, and late congenital syphilis in children at or greater than 2 years old. Manifestations of late congenital syphilis are similar to those of secondary syphilis and tertiary syphilis in adults. References

eMedicine: Ocular Manifestations of Syphilis


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