Sometimes, breakthrough bleeding is classified as abnormal and thereby as a form of metrorrhagia, and sometimes it is classified as not abnormal.In the context of hemophilia, the term describes a bleeding that occurs while a patient is on prophylaxis. Presentation
The bleeding is usually light, often referred to as "spotting," though a few people may experience heavier bleeding.It is estimated that breakthrough bleeding affects around 25 % of combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) users during the initial 3 to 4 months of use, it then usually resolves on its own. Mechanism
Breakthrough bleeding is commonly due to 4 factors: physiologic effects  of  OCs  on  the  endometrium,  OC-related  parameters,  (dose, formulation,  and  regimen),  patient behavior, (compliance,  using concomitant  medications,  and  smoking) and benign or malignant pathology. Treatment
Breakthrough bleeding that does not resolve on its own is a common reason for women to switch to different pill formulations, or to switch to a non-hormonal method of birth control. Terminology
Metrorrhagia is from metro = measure, -rrhagia = abnormal flow. The term is no longer recommended. See also
Menometrorrhagia
Istihadha
Menstruation
Menstruation in Islam
Postcoital bleeding
Vaginal bleeding
Withdrawal bleeding
Culture and menstruation

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Cocaine dependence is a neurological disorder that is characterized by withdrawal symptoms upon cessation from cocaine use. It also often coincides with cocaine addiction which is a biopsychosocial disorder characterized by persistent use of cocaine and/or crack despite substantial harm and adverse consequences. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., abbreviated DSM-5), classifies problematic cocaine use as a "Stimulant use disorder". The International Classification of Diseases (11th rev., abbreviated ICD-11), includes "Cocaine dependence" as a classification (diagnosis) under "Disorders due to use of cocaine”.The use of cocaine creates euphoria and high amounts of energy. If taken in large doses, it is possible to cause mood swings, paranoia, insomnia, psychosis, high blood pressure, a fast heart rate, panic attacks, cognitive impairments and drastic changes in personality. Cocaine overdose may result in cardiovascular and brain damage, such as: constricting blood vessels in the brain, causing strokes and constricting arteries in the heart; causing heart attacks.The symptoms of cocaine withdrawal range from moderate to severe: dysphoria, depression, anxiety, decreased libido, psychological and physical weakness, pain, and compulsive cravings. Signs and symptoms
Cocaine is a powerful stimulant known to make users feel energetic, cheerful, talkative, etc. In time, negative side effects include increased body temperature, irregular or rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and even sudden death from cardiac arrest.