Bulla: A bulla is a large blister, a rounded or irregularly shaped blister equal to or greater than either 5 or 10 mm, depending on ones definition of a vesicle. Pustule: A pustule is a small elevation of the skin usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells. Cyst: A cyst is an epithelial-lined cavity. Wheal: A wheal is a rounded or flat-topped, pale red papule or plaque that is characteristically evanescent, disappearing within 24 to 48 hours. The temporary raised skin on the site of a properly delivered intradermal (ID) injection is also called a welt, with the ID injection process itself frequently referred to as simply "raising a wheal" in medical texts. Welts: Welts occur as a result of blunt force being applied to the body with elongated objects without sharp edges. Telangiectasia: A telangiectasia represents an enlargement of superficial blood vessels to the point of being visible. Burrow: A burrow appears as a slightly elevated,  grayish, tortuous line in the skin, and is caused by burrowing organisms. Secondary lesions
Scale: Dry or greasy laminated masses of keratin, they represent thickened stratum corneum. Crust: Dried sebum usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris
Lichenification: Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings
Erosion: An erosion is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the epidermis, a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and usually depressed.
A foraminotomy or foraminectomy may also be necessary, if the vertebrae are causing significant nerve root compression. A discectomy is performed when the intervertebral disc has herniated or torn. It involves removing the protruding disc, either a portion of it or all of it, that is placing pressure on the nerve root. Total disc replacement can also be performed, in which the source of the pain (the damaged disc) is removed and replaced, while maintaining spinal mobility. When an entire disc is removed (as in discectomy), or when the vertebrae are unstable, spinal fusion surgery may be performed. Spinal fusion is a procedure in which bone grafts and metal hardware is used to fix together two or more vertebrae, thus preventing the bones of the spinal column from compressing on the spinal cord or nerve roots.If infection, such as a spinal epidural abscess, is the source of the back pain, surgery may be indicated when a trial of antibiotics is ineffective. Surgical evacuation of spinal hematoma can also be attempted, if the blood products fail to break down on their own. Pregnancy
About 50% of women experience low back pain during pregnancy. Some studies have suggested that women who have experienced back pain before pregnancy are at a higher risk of experiencing back pain during pregnancy. It may be severe enough to cause significant pain and disability in as many as one third of pregnant women. Back pain typically begins at approximately 18 weeks of gestation and peaks between 24 and 36 weeks.