Medical management is commonly used simply to control the inflammation temporarily. The reduction of intraocular pressure can be conducted through the use of a combination of topical and systemic IOP-lowering agents, cycloplegics, aqueous suppressants, hyper-osmotic agents, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Topical steroids also may assist in lowering intraocular pressure and decreasing pain.Previous to cataract surgery a variety of optometrical tests have to be conducted to comprehensively analyse an individuals eye-sight prior to the surgery. A refraction is also conducted to determine how much nearsightedness, farsightedness and/or astigmatism an individual may have. Additional specific measurements of the eye will be necessary in order to determine the curvature and length of the cornea in order to choose the most effective IOL which will need to be inserted during the surgery.Cataract surgery has become a very simple process which, with modern-day technology, can be conducted in a local anaesthetic procedure in an average time period of 15 minutes. The aim of cataract surgery is to replace the lens within the eye with an artificial lens to clear vision while removing any residue which could cloud vision. The cataract extraction surgery involves four major steps which includes; local anaesthetic, clearing of eye, intraocular lens is inserted and finally the contact lens to protect the eye which dissolves releasing antibiotics.Before major advancements in medical technology, cuts had to be manually made to the lens to conduct cataract extraction surgery, however, with the improvements in technology the LASIK procedure is the main procedure used to conduct cataract surgeries.
Riedels thyroiditis, is a chronic form of thyroiditis. It is now believed that Riedels thyroiditis is one manifestation of a systemic disease that can affect many organ systems called IgG4-related disease. It is often a multi-organ disease affecting pancreas, liver, kidney, salivary and orbital tissues and retroperitoneum. The hallmarks of the disease are fibrosis and infiltration by IgG4 secreting plasma cells. Signs and symptoms
Pathophysiology
Riedels thyroiditis is characterized by a replacement of the normal thyroid parenchyma by a dense fibrosis that invades adjacent structures of the neck and extends beyond the thyroid capsule. This makes the thyroid gland stone-hard (woody) and fixed to adjacent structures. The inflammatory process infiltrates muscles and causes symptoms of tracheal compression. Surgical treatment is required to relieve tracheal or esophageal obstruction. Diagnosis
It typically present as a painless, hard anterior neck mass, which progresses over weeks to years to produce symptoms of compression, including dysphagia, dyspnea choking and hoarseness. Patients may present with symptoms of hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism as the gland is replaced by Fibrous tissues .physical examination reveals a hard,"woody" thyroid gland with fixation to surrounding tissue. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed by open thyroid biopsy because the firm and Fibrous nature of the gland renders FNAB inadequate

Treatment
Therapy usually consists of prednisolone, nonetheless some cases may require surgery. Tamoxifen has been proposed as part of a treatment plan.Treatment is directed to surgical relief of compressive symptoms. Tamoxifen may also be beneficial.The type of surgery which is indicated here is isthmectomy. Prevalence
Riedels thyroiditis is classified as rare.