Locker suggested that the relationship between oral disease and health-related quality of life outcomes can be mediated by personal and environmental variables. Previous studies have also mentioned that the rate of ECC has decreased. However, these results can tend to dis-include communities where equity still exists. More health promotion initiatives and policy-making that collaborate directly with the community to increase meeting their needs, should be implemented.While the primary aetiology is due to microbial factors, it is also largely influenced by the social, behavioral and economic determinants in which children are surrounded by. such factors include living in a low income earning family that may not have the budget to afford visiting a dental clinic. Secondly, having limited access to healthcare and education where important messages about the consumption of carcinogenic foods are not being transferred to children or their parents. Distribution of budget should be made to reach rural and remote communities to implement health promotion strategies to increase awareness about diet and oral hygiene. The education, occupation and income of families also greatly affects the quality of life. Children greatly rely on their parents or guardians for help concerning their health and well-being. Studies have shown that families of lower socioeconomic status are less likely to regularly attend the dentist and access preventive dental resources. ECC also has an accumulative effect for those that live in rural areas.
As Early Childhood Caries occurs in children under the age of 5, restorative treatment is conventionally performed under general anesthetic to prevent a traumatic experience for the child. Still, the literature shows a high rate of caries relapse after treatment under general anesthesia, sometimes as early as 6 months after treatment was rendered.Dental professionals now have a safe, inexpensive, and less invasive option to manage Early Childhood Caries: Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) is a liquid containing silver and fluoride that can be brushed on teeth to stop decay, relieve sensitivity, and prevent cavities from getting worse. Silver kills the bacteria that cause tooth decay and fluoride helps strengthen the tooth. SDF is applied directly to the area of decay without first having to drill the tooth. SDF is an inexpensive option that is simple to apply; however, although it stops the decay from progressing, it does not fill the cavity, and the tooth may still need to be restored with a filling or crown. After treatment with SDF, arrested decay will become black, but a dental provider can cover the treated area with a white filling material if needed. This may be less of a problem in baby teeth, which will be lost as the child ages, than for permanent teeth. Even so, because applying SDF is quick, it may be especially helpful for young children and other patients who have trouble sitting still during dental treatments, avoiding the need for sedation or general anesthesia.