Phlebitis can also result from certain medications and drugs that irritate the veins, such as desomorphine.Superficial phlebitis often presents as an early sign in thromboangiitis obliterans (Buergers disease), a vasculitis that affects small and medium-sized arteries and veins in distal extremities often associated with cigarette smoking. Management
Treatment usually consists of NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and local compression (e.g., by compression stockings or a compress). If the phlebitis is associated with local bacterial infection, antibiotics may be used.For acute infusion superficial thrombophlebitis, not enough evidence exists as of 2015 to determine treatment. See also
Collapsed vein

References
Further reading
Intravenous Infusion Therapy for Nurses (Second Edition) by Dianne L. Josephson (ISBN 1-4018-0935-9)
John Hunter, "Observations on the Inflammation of the Internal Coats of Veins," Transactions of a Society for the Improvement of Medical and Chirurgical Knowledge, vol. 1 (London:  1793) pp. 18–29

External links
eMedicine Health: Phlebitis
Ischemic hepatitis, also known as  shock liver, is a condition defined as an acute liver injury caused by insufficient blood flow (and consequently insufficient oxygen delivery) to the liver. The decreased blood flow (perfusion) to the liver is usually due to shock or low blood pressure. However, local causes involving the hepatic artery that supplies oxygen to the liver, such as a blood clot in the hepatic artery, can also cause ischemic hepatitis. Signs and symptoms
People who develop ischemic hepatitis may have weakness, fatigue, mental confusion, and low urine production (oliguria). A small percentage of affected people may develop hepatic coma. Yellow discoloration of the skin (jaundice) can occur, but is rare and temporary, as is actual loss of function of the liver. Cause
Ischemic hepatitis can be caused by a number of reasons (that lead to low blood pressure) including:
Abnormal heart rhythm
Heart failure
Infection
Hypovolemic shock (e.g., due to profuse bleeding)
Blood clots (hepatic artery after surgery)

Mechanism
The mechanism of ischemic hepatitis depends on the etiopathogenetic origin, be it a cardiomyopathy, cardiac tamponade, trauma, or bleeding. Usually ischemic hepatitis reveals itself after a hypotensive event with increased levels of aminotransferases. Because of this, hypotension is thought to be one of the primary insults leading to ischemic hepatitis. Diagnosis
Blood testing usually shows high levels of the liver transaminase enzymes, AST and ALT, which may exceed 10,000 U/L.