High caffeine intake may also play a role in fracture risk. Many healthcare organizations also utilize a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) that can estimate a 10-year probability of having an osteoporotic fracture based on an individuals health information and the criteria listed above. Cause
Bone remodeling, or the absorption and resorption of bone, is a natural mechanism that occurs to repair and strengthen bones in the body. However, an imbalance between the resorption and formation of bone occurs as people age, contributing to the development of senile osteoporosis. The aging of cortical and trabecular bones in particular cause the decrease in bone density in the elderly population. Although most of the etiologic considerations regarding senile osteoporosis are not very clear for physicians yet, risk factors of osteoporosis have been identified. These factors include gender, age, hormone imbalances, reduced bone quality, and compromised integrity of bone microarchitecture.Based on the current evidence attached to clinical experimentation, there is some evidence that the pathogenesis of the disease is related to a deficiency of zinc. Such deficiency is known to lead to an increment of endogenous heparin, which is most likely caused by mast cell degranulation, and an increase in the bone resorption (calcium discharge in the bones) reaction of prostaglandin E2, which constrain the formation of more bone mass, making bones more fragile.
Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. Primary, or involuntary osteoporosis, can further be classified into Type I or Type II. Type I refers to postmenopausal osteoporosis and is caused by the deficiency of estrogen. While senile osteoporosis is categorized as an involuntary, Type II, and primary osteoporosis, which affects both men and women over the age of 70 years. It is accompanied by vitamin D deficiency, bodys failure to absorb calcium, and increased parathyroid hormone.Research over the years has shown that senile osteoporosis is the product of a skeleton in an advanced stage of life and can be caused by a deficiency caused by calcium. However, physicians are also coming to the conclusion that multiple mechanisms in the development stages of the disease interact together resulting in an osteoporotic bone, regardless of age. Still, elderly people make up the fastest growing population in the world. As bone mass declines with age, the risk of fractures increases. Annual incidence of osteoporotic fractures is more than 1.5 million in the US and notably 20% of people die during the first year after a hip fracture.It costs the US health system around $17 billion annually, with the cost projecting to $50 billion by 2040.