: 676

Type III – obesity and pseudoacanthosis nigricans
In young persons, acanthosis nigricans is a visible marker which strongly suggests insulin resistance. Higher than normal insulin levels in the blood stream cause the growth of darkened skin over certain areas of the body. No skin treatment will get rid of AN. Acanthosis nigricans may lighten up and possibly go away by treating the root cause, insulin resistance, but it can take months or years to do so. Insulin resistance syndromes may be divided into type A (HAIR-AN) and type B syndromes. : 978 The majority of cases of acanthosis nigricans are associated with obesity and otherwise idiopathic. This is likely because of insulin resistance and more likely to occur in darker-skinned persons. : 968  This can also be referred to as pseudoacanthosis nigricans. : 86  In some cases, AN attributable to obesity and insulin resistance will occur on ones face. Most typically it will be present as a horizontal band on the forehead, but may also appear as perioral hyperpigmentation, periorbital hyperpigmentation, or generalized facial skin darkening. Type IV – drug-related
Acanthosis nigricans has been linked to the use of nicotinic acid, glucocorticoid use, combined oral contraceptive pills, and growth hormone therapy. : 86

Type V – malignancy
Malignant acanthosis nigricans: 86  refers to acanthosis nigricans occurring as a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with a cancer. Malignant acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, as well as genitourinary cancers such as those of the prostate, breast, and ovary. Other cancers, such as those of the lung, stomach, and lymphoma, are occasionally associated with acanthosis nigricans.
Pachyonychia congenita
There is no radical therapeutic method for pachyonychia congenita, but some care can ease the symptoms. Patients can polish and trim thickened nails, some of them can use retinoids to relieve symptoms but it may increase pain. Neurofibromatosis type I
Selumetinib and trametinib have been shown to reduce and control tumor growth in people with neurofibromatosis type I, reducing the likelihood of malignant lesions. Therapeutic methods
There are some new and developing genetic therapies available in genodermatosis.In the case of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, unborn babies diagnosed with this disease can be treated in their mothers womb. Providing regulatory proteins in the womb during a critical period of infant growth may help correct the development of babies sweat glands.Ustekinumab is a biologic therapy that can be used in a variety of genodermatosis such as congenital ichthyosis, psoriasis, deficiency of interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (DITRA) and so on.A new topical method could treat skin abnormalities in rare inherited lipid metabolic diseases. This method obstructs abnormal mevalonate by topical application of lovastatin so that the production and cumulation of poisonous metabolic intermediates can be inhibited as much as possible and takes the place of the lacking lipid in the skin by topical application of cholesterol.