Later that year "neurine" and sinkaline were shown to be the same substances as Streckers choline. Thus, Bayer was the first to resolve the structure of choline. The compound now known as neurine is unrelated to choline. Discovery as a nutrient
In the early 1930s, Charles Best and colleagues noted that fatty liver in rats on a special diet and diabetic dogs could be prevented by feeding them lecithin, proving in 1932 that choline in lecithin was solely responsible for this preventive effect. In 1998, the US National Academy of Medicine reported their first recommendations for choline in the human diet. == References ==
On October 9, 2000, senior Lilly research physician Robert Baker noted that an academic advisory board to which he belonged was "quite impressed by the magnitude of weight gain on olanzapine and implications for glucose. "Lilly had threatened Egilman with criminal contempt charges regarding the documents he took and provided to reporters; in September 2007, he agreed to pay Lilly $100,000 in return for the companys agreement to drop the threat of charges.In September 2008, Judge Weinstein issued an order to make public Lillys internal documents about the drug in a different suit brought by insurance companies, pension funds, and other payors.In March 2008, Lilly settled a suit with the state of Alaska, and in October 2008, Lilly agreed to pay $62 million to 32 states and the District of Columbia to settle suits brought under state consumer protection laws.In 2009, Eli Lilly pleaded guilty to a US federal criminal misdemeanor charge of illegally marketing Zyprexa for off-label use and agreed to pay $1.4 billion. The settlement announcement stated "Eli Lilly admits that between September 1999 and March 31, 2001, the company promoted Zyprexa in elderly populations as treatment for dementia, including Alzheimer’s dementia. Eli Lilly has agreed to pay a $515 million criminal fine and to forfeit an additional $100 million in assets. "The outcomes described here, and their legal ramifications, were fueled by motions and appeals that were not resolved until 2010.