Gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi disorders

E1. Biliary pain
E1a. Functional gallbladder disorder
E1b. Functional biliary sphincter of Oddi disorder
E2. Functional pancreatic sphincter of Oddi disorderF. Anorectal disorders

F1. Fecal incontinence
F2. Functional anorectal pain
F2a. Levator ani syndrome
F2b. Unspecified functional anorectal pain
F2c. Proctalgia fugax
F3. Functional defecation disorders
F3a. Inadequate defecatory propulsion
F3b. Dyssynergic defecationG. Childhood functional GI disorders: Neonate/Toddler

G1. Infant regurgitation
G2. Rumination syndrome
G3. Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)
G4. Infant colic
G5. Functional diarrhea
G6. Infant dyschezia
G7. Functional constipationH. Childhood functional GI disorders: Child/Adolescent

H1. Functional nausea and vomiting disorders
H1a. Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)
H1b. Functional nausea and functional vomiting
H1b1. Functional nausea
H1b2. Functional vomiting
H1c. Rumination syndrome
H1d. Aerophagia
H2. Functional abdominal pain disorders
H2a. Functional dyspepsia
H2a1. Postprandial distress syndrome
H2a2. Epigastric pain syndrome
H2b. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
H2c. Abdominal migraine
H2d. Functional abdominal pain ‒ NOS
H3. Functional defecation disorders
H3a. Functional constipation
H3b. Nonretentive fecal incontinence

Epidemiology
Functional gastrointestinal disorders are very common. Globally, irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia alone may affect 16–26% of the population. Research
There is considerable research into the causes, diagnosis and treatments for FGIDs. Diet, microbiome, genetics, neuromuscular function and immunological response all interact. A role for mast cell activation has been proposed as one of the factors. See also
Allergy
Food intolerance
Functional indigestion
Histamine intolerance

References


== External links ==
Correcting any contributing biomechanical abnormalities and stretching tightened muscles, such as the iliopsoas muscle or iliotibial band, is the goal of treatment to prevent recurrence.Referral to an appropriate professional for an accurate diagnosis is necessary if self treatment is not successful or the injury is interfering with normal activities. Medical treatment of the condition requires determination of the underlying pathology and tailoring therapy to the cause. The examiner may check muscle-tendon length and strength, perform joint mobility testing, and palpate the affected hip over the greater trochanter for lateral symptoms during an activity such as walking. Self-treatment
A self-treatment recommended by the U.S. Army for a soft tissue injury of the iliopsoas muscle treatment, like for other soft tissue injuries, is a HI-RICE (Hydration, Ibuprofen, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) regimen lasting for at least 48 to 72 hours after the onset of pain. "Rest" includes such commonsense prescriptions as avoiding running or hiking (especially on hills), and avoiding exercises such as jumping jacks, sit-ups or leg lifts/flutter kicks. Stretching of the tight structures (piriformis, hip abductor, and hip flexor muscle) may alleviate the symptoms. The involved muscle is stretched (for 30 seconds), repeated three times separated by 30 second to 1 minute rest periods, in sets performed two times daily for six to eight weeks. This should allow one to progress back into jogging until symptoms disappear. Injection based treatments
Injections are usually focused on the iliopsoas bursa. Corticosteroid injections are common, but usually only last weeks to months.