Thyroid disease in pregnancy can affect the health of the mother as well as the child before and after delivery. Thyroid disorders are prevalent in women of child-bearing age and for this reason commonly present as a pre-existing disease in pregnancy, or after childbirth. Uncorrected thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy has adverse effects on fetal and maternal well-being. The deleterious effects of thyroid dysfunction can also extend beyond pregnancy and delivery to affect neurointellectual development in the early life of the child. Due to an increase in thyroxine binding globulin, an increase in placental type 3 deioidinase and the placental transfer of maternal thyroxine to the fetus, the demand for thyroid hormones is increased during pregnancy. The necessary increase in thyroid hormone production is facilitated by high human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations, which bind the TSH receptor and stimulate the maternal thyroid to increase maternal thyroid hormone concentrations by roughly 50%. If the necessary increase in thyroid function cannot be met, this may cause a previously unnoticed (mild) thyroid disorder to worsen and become evident as gestational thyroid disease. Currently, there is not enough evidence to suggest that screening for thyroid dysfunction is beneficial, especially since treatment thyroid hormone supplementation may come with a risk of overtreatment. After women give birth, about 5% develop postpartum thyroiditis which can occur up to nine months afterwards. This is characterized by a short period of hyperthyroidism followed by a period of hypothyroidism; 20–40% remain permanently hypothyroid.
Cinchocaine (INN/BAN) or dibucaine (USAN) is an amide local anesthetic. Among the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics, current use of cinchocaine is generally restricted to spinal and topical anesthesia. It is sold under the brand names Cincain, Nupercainal, Nupercaine and Sovcaine. Medical use
Cinchocaine is the active ingredient in some topical hemorrhoid creams such as Proctosedyl. It is also a component of the veterinary drug Somulose, used for euthanasia of horses and cattle. Physical properties
Cinchocaine is relatively insoluble in alkaline aqueous solutions. See also
Dibucaine number

References
Further reading
Abdel-Ghani N, Youssef A, Awady M (2005). "Cinchocaine hydrochloride determination by atomic absorption spectrometry and spectrophotometry". Farmaco. 60 (5): 419–24. doi:10.1016/j.farmac.2005.03.001. PMID 15910814. Souto-Padron T, Lima AP, de Oliveira Ribeiro R (2006). "Effects of dibucaine on the endocytic/exocytic pathways in Trypanosoma cruzi". Parasitol Res. 99 (4): 317–20. doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0192-1. PMID 16612626. S2CID 5933459. Nounou M, El-Khordagui L, Khalafallah N (2005). "Effect of various formulation variables on the encapsulation and stability of dibucaine base in multilamellar vesicles". Acta Pol Pharm. 62 (5): 369–79. PMID 16459486. Aroti, A.; Leontidis, E. (2001). "Simultaneous Determination of the Ionization Constant and the Solubility of Sparingly Soluble Drug Substances. A Physical Chemistry Experiment ". Journal of Chemical Education. 78 (6): 786–788. doi:10.1021/ed078p786.