Photodermatitis, sometimes referred to as sun poisoning or photoallergy, is a form of allergic contact dermatitis in which the allergen must be activated by light to sensitize the allergic response, and to cause a rash or other systemic effects on subsequent exposure. The second and subsequent exposures produce photoallergic skin conditions which are often eczematous. It is distinct from sunburn. Signs and symptoms
Photodermatitis may result in swelling, difficulty breathing, a burning sensation, a red itchy rash sometimes resembling small blisters, and peeling of the skin. Nausea may also occur. There may also be blotches where the itching may persist for long periods of time. In these areas an unsightly orange to brown tint may form, usually near or on the face. Causes
Many medications and conditions can cause sun sensitivity, including:

Sulfa used in some drugs, among them some antibiotics, diuretics, COX-2 inhibitors, and diabetes drugs. Psoralens, coal tars, photo-active dyes (eosin, acridine orange)
Musk ambrette, methylcoumarin, lemon oil (may be present in fragrances)
PABA (found in sunscreens)
Oxybenzone (UVA and UVB chemical blocker also in sunscreens) 
Salicylanilide (found in industrial cleaners)
St Johns Wort
Hexachlorophene (found in some prescription antibacterial soaps)
Tetracycline antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline)
Benzoyl peroxide
Retinoids (e.g., isotretinoin)
Some NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen sodium)
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic: Sparfloxacin in 2% of cases
Amiodarone, used to treat atrial fibrillation
PellagraPhotodermatitis can also be caused by plants such as Ammi majus, parsnip, giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum), common rue (Ruta graveolens), and Dictamnus, a genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae with a single species Dictamnus albus, commonly called the burning bush.
Two studies have suggested that the use of ACEI alongside statins might be an effective regimen to prevent a substantial number of CRS cases in high risk patients and improve survival and quality of life in these people. There are data suggesting combined use of statin and an ACEI improves clinical outcome more than a statin alone and considerably more than ACE inhibitor alone.Natriuretic peptides
Nesiritide which is an analogue of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was shown to result in poorer kidney outcome or have no effect.Vasopressin antagonists
Tolvaptan showed to have no benefit. It is also a very costly drug.Adenosine antagonists
Adenosine is responsible for constriction of afferent arteriole and reduction in GFR. It was found that an adenosine A1-receptor antagonist called KW-3902 was able to improve kidney function in CRS patients.Ultrafiltration
Many case reports have shown improved kidney function with ultrafiltration.Inotropes
Their roles remain unknown. Epidemiology
Kidney failure is very common in patients with congestive heart failure. It was shown that kidney failure complicates one-third of all admissions for heart failure, which is the leading cause of hospitalization in the United States among adults over 65 years old. Not only is this the leading cause of hospitalization, it also increases the stays in the ICU.These complications led to longer hospital stay, higher mortality, and greater chance for readmission. The impatient mortality was seen to be much higher for patients with much more sever renal dysfunction. The increase of hospital and ICU stays also increases the cost of care in the hospital.