Epidemiology
Xanthelasma is a rare disorder in the general population, with a variable incidence of 0.56 to 1.5% in western developed countries. The age of onset ranges from 15 to 75, with a peak in the 4th to 5th decades of life. There also seems to be a greater prevalence in females, but this might be due to higher consciousness to cosmetic defects. Etymology
The word is derived from Greek xanthós, ξανθός yellow and élasma, έλασμα, foil. The plural is xanthelasmata. See also
Xanthoma, a similar collection of cholesterol around tendons
List of xanthoma variants associated with hyperlipoproteinemia subtypes

References


== External links ==
Available forms
Relugolix is available in the form of 40 and 120 mg oral tablets. Side effects
The main side effects of relugolix for uterine fibroids include abnormal uterine bleeding (24.6–48.6% vs. 6.3% for placebo), hot flashes (42.8–45.5% vs. 0% for placebo), heavy menstrual bleeding (12.1–49.3% vs. 9.4% for placebo), headache (12.3–15.2%), and excessive sweating (9.4–15.2% vs. 0% for placebo). In addition, decreased bone mineral density occurs with relugolix (21.7% decrease by week 12, 24.4% decrease by week 24). Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Relugolix is a selective antagonist of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.12 nM.A dosage of relugolix of 40 mg once per day has been found to suppress estradiol levels to postmenopausal levels (<20 pg/mL) within 24 hours in premenopausal women. In the control group of women, estradiol levels fluctuated between 50 and 250 pg/mL. Estradiol levels have been found to return to normal concentrations within 4 weeks of discontinuation of relugolix in premenopausal women. The medication additionally suppresses levels of progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in premenopausal women. Relugolix at a dosage of 40 mg or more once per day has been found to reduce testosterone levels to sustained castrate levels (<20 ng/dL) in men. It additionally suppresses luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in men.Lower doses of relugolix (<40 mg/day) are under investigation for achieving partial sex hormone suppression in the treatment of endometriosis and uterine fibroids.