If sagging is present and the woman opts not to undergo mastopexy, implants are typically placed above the muscle, to fill out the breast skin and tissue. Submuscular placement can result in deformity. In these cases, the implant appears to be high on the chest, while the natural breast tissue hangs down over the implant. See also
Pencil test (breasts)

References
Further reading
"Soutien-gorge de sport", in Thierry Adam, Gynécologie du sport (in French). Springer 2012, pp. 305–309. "Facteurs de lévolution morphologique du sein après arrêt du port du soutien-gorge : étude ouverte préliminaire longitudinale chez 50 volontaires. Olivier Roussel; Jean-Denis Rouillon; Université de Franche-Comté. Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie" (in French). Thèse d’exercice : Médecine : Besançon : 2009.
It is still perfectly possible to open the mouth. Submucous fibrosis. Fracture of the zygomatic arch. Other causes
Acute osteomyelitis
Ankylosis of the TMJ (fibrous or bony)
Condylar fracture or other trauma. Gaucher disease which is caused by deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Giant cell arteritis
Sympathomimetic drugs, such as amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, methylphenidate, ethylphenidate, and related substances. Infection
Local anesthesia (dental injections into the infratemporal fossa)
Needle prick to the medial pterygoid muscle
Oral submucous fibrosis. Radiation therapy to the head and neck. Tetanus, also called lockjaw for this reason
Malignant hyperthermia
Malaria severa
Secondary to neuroleptic drug use
Malignant otitis externa
Mumps
Peritonsillar abscess
Retropharyngeal or parapharyngeal abscess
Seizure
Stroke
Toothache

Diagnostic approach
X-ray/CT scan taken from the TMJ to see if there is any damage to the TMJ and surrounding structures. Treatment
Treatment requires treating the underlying condition with dental treatments, speech therapy for swallowing difficulty and mouth opening restrictions, physical therapy, and passive range of motion devices. Additionally, control of symptoms with pain medications (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, and warm compresses may be used. Splints have been used. History
Historically, the term trismus was used to describe the early effects of tetany, also called "lockjaw". References


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