These include:

Bloom syndrome (homozygous null mutation in BLM DNA repair enzyme. similar mechanism and etiology to ataxia telangiectasia)
Naevus flammeus (port-wine stain)
Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome
Maffucci syndrome (multiple enchondromas and hemangiomas)
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome)
Ataxia–telangiectasia
Sturge–Weber syndrome, a nevus formation in the skin supplied by the trigeminal nerve and associated with facial port-wine stains, glaucoma, meningeal angiomas and intellectual disabilities
Hypotrichosis–lymphedema–telangiectasia syndrome, caused by mutation in transcription factor SOX18

Venous hypertension
In the past, it was believed that leg varicose veins or telangectasia were caused by high venous pressure or "venous hypertension". However it is now understood that venous reflux disease is usually the cause of these problems.Telangiectasia in the legs is often related to the presence of venous reflux within underlying varicose veins. Flow abnormalities within the medium-sized veins of the leg (reticular veins) can also lead to the development of telangiectasia. Factors that predispose to the development of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins include

Age
Sex: It used to be thought that females were affected far more than males. However, research has shown 79% of adult males and 88% of adult females have leg telangectasia (spider veins). Pregnancy: Pregnancy is a key factor contributing to the formation of varicose and spider veins. Changes in hormone levels are one of the most important reasons women are more likely to develop varicose veins during pregnancy. There is an increase in progesterone, which causes the veins to relax and potentially swell more easily.
Acne keloidalis nuchae (also known as "acne keloidalis", "dermatitis papillaris capillitii", "folliculitis keloidalis", "folliculitis keloidis nuchae", and "nuchal keloid acne": 526 ) is a destructive scarring folliculitis that occurs almost exclusively on the occipital scalp of people of African descent, primarily men.AKN is characterized by firm pink or flesh-colored hyperpigmented bumps in the skin, which are usually located on the back of the neck. This is mainly because men often cut their hair very low as opposed to women, allowing the hair to prick the occipital scalp thereby causing irritation. Acne keloidalis nuchae most commonly presents itself in individuals aged 13 to 25. The disease is closely related to pseudofolliculitis barbae and both occur frequently in black men in the military, where it is so common that the US Army has developed official protocols for management. Prolonged cases of AKN can cause keloid formation due to chronic irritation from folliculitis. Bacterial folliculitis and acne can mimic the appearance of AKN; however, unlike acne, comedones are not seen with AKN. Treatments for AKN aim to reduce inflammation and prevent infections and scarring. Therapies for AKN may include topical antibiotics, topical or intralesional corticosteroids, and laser hair removal. Recommended modifications to shaving habits include liberal use of shaving cream, avoidance of stretching the skin while shaving, and use of a single-blade razor rather than a razor with multiple blades. See also
List of cutaneous conditions

References


== External links ==