"Examining dementia in Downs syndrome (DS): decline in social abilities in DS compared with other learning disabilities". Clinical Gerontologist, 20(3): 23–44. Taylor & Francis (Routledge). DOI 10.1300/j018v20n03_04 eISSN 1545-2301 OCLC 1106716083
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Down syndrome at Curlie
Downs syndrome by the UK National Health Service
Phase oneTerm infants - jaundice lasts for about 10 days with a rapid rise of serum bilirubin up to 204 μmol/L (12 mg/dL). Preterm infants - jaundice lasts for about two weeks, with a rapid rise of serum bilirubin up to 255 μmol/L (15 mg/dL).Phase two - bilirubin levels decline to about 34 μmol/L (2 mg/dL) for two weeks, eventually mimicking adult values.Preterm infants - phase two can last more than one month. Exclusively breastfed infants - phase two can last more than one month.Mechanisms involved in physiological jaundice include:

Relatively low activity of the enzyme glucuronosyltransferase which normally converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin that can be excreted into the gastrointestinal tract. Before birth, this enzyme is actively down-regulated, since bilirubin needs to remain unconjugated in order to cross the placenta to avoid being accumulated in the fetus. After birth, it takes some time for this enzyme to gain function. Shorter life span of fetal red blood cells, being approximately 80 to 90 days in a full term infant, compared to 100 to 120 days in adults. Relatively low conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen by the intestinal flora, resulting in relatively high absorption of bilirubin back into the circulation. Diagnosis
Diagnosis is often by measuring the serum bilirubin level in the blood. In those who are born after 35 weeks and are more than a day old transcutaneous bilirubinometer may also be used. The use of an icterometer, a piece of transparent plastic painted in five transverse strips of graded yellow lines, is not recommended.