Very high body temperatures may also be a cause. Typically this requires a temperature greater than 42 °C (107.6 °F). Head injury may cause non-epileptic post-traumatic seizures or post-traumatic epilepsy
About 3.5 to 5.5% of people with celiac disease also have seizures. Seizures in a person with a shunt may indicate failure
Hemorrhagic stroke can occasionally present with seizures, embolic strokes generally do not (though epilepsy is a common later complication); cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, a rare type of stroke, is more likely to be accompanied by seizures than other types of stroke
Multiple sclerosis may cause seizures
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) deliberately sets out to induce a seizure for the treatment of major depression. Reflex seizure induced by a specific stimulus or trigger (extrinsic or intrinsic stimuli)

Mechanism
Normally, brain electrical activity is non-synchronous. In epileptic seizures, due to problems within the brain, a group of neurons begin firing in an abnormal, excessive, and synchronized manner. This results in a wave of depolarization known as a paroxysmal depolarizing shift.Normally after an excitatory neuron fires it becomes more resistant to firing for a period of time. This is due in part from the effect of inhibitory neurons, electrical changes within the excitatory neuron, and the negative effects of adenosine. In epilepsy the resistance of excitatory neurons to fire during this period is decreased. This may occur due to changes in ion channels or inhibitory neurons not functioning properly. Forty-one ion-channel genes and over 1,600 ion-channel mutations have been implicated in the development of epileptic seizure.
Glossoptosis is a medical condition and abnormality which involves the downward displacement or retraction of the tongue. It may cause non-fusion of the hard palate, causing cleft palate. It is one of the features of Pierre Robin sequence and Down syndrome. == References ==