There are many causes, which can be broadly grouped into three mechanisms: primary (internal bleeding and swelling); secondary (vigorous fluid replacement as an unintended complication of resuscitative medical treatment, leading to the acute formation of ascites and a rise in intra-abdominal pressure); and recurrent (compartment syndrome that has returned after the initial treatment of secondary compartment syndrome).Compartment syndrome after snake bite is rare. Its incidence varies from 0.2 to 1.36% as recorded in case reports. Compartment syndrome is more common in children possibly due to inadequate volume of the bodily fluid to dilute the snake venom. Increased white blood cell count of more than 1,650/μL and aspartate transaminase (AST) level of more than 33.5 U/L could increase the risk of developing compartment syndrome. Otherwise, those bitten by venomous snake should be observed for 48 hours to exclude the possibility of compartment syndrome.Acute compartment syndrome due to severe/uncontrolled hypothyroidism is rare. Chronic
When compartment syndrome is caused by repetitive use of the muscles, it is known as chronic compartment syndrome (CCS). This is usually not an emergency, but the loss of circulation can cause temporary or permanent damage to nearby nerves and muscles. A subset of chronic compartment syndrome is chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS), often called exercise-induced compartment syndrome (EICS). Oftentimes, CECS is a diagnosis of exclusion. CECS of the leg is a condition caused by exercise which results in increased tissue pressure within an anatomical compartment due to an acute increase in muscle volume – as much as 20% is possible during exercise.
See also
Abdominal compartment syndrome
Escharotomy
Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the appendicular musculoskeletal system

References
External links

Compartment Syndrome of the Forearm – Orthopaedia.com
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome detailed at MayoClinic.com
Compartment syndrome at the Duke University Health Systems Orthopedics program
05-062a. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Home Edition
Compartment syndrome
American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons Compartment Syndrome