Advanced cases may undergo phonosurgery to remove the fluid from the vocal cords. Signs and symptoms
List of common symptoms:

"sac-like" appearance of the vocal folds
Hoarseness and deepening of the voice
Trouble speaking (Dysphonia)
Reduced vocal range with diminished upper limits
Stretching of the mucosa (Distension)
Shortness of breath (Dyspnoea)Reinkes edema is characterized by a "sac-like" appearance of the vocal folds. The edema is a white translucent fluid that causes a bulging (distension) of the vocal cord. The most common clinical symptom associated with Reinkes edema is an abnormally low pitched voice with hoarseness. The low pitch voice is a direct result of increased fluid in the Reinkes space, which vibrates at a lower frequency than normal (females <130 Hz;  males <110 Hz). Hoarseness is a common problem of many laryngeal diseases, such as laryngitis. It is described as a harsh and breathy tone of voice. Hoarseness is often seen alongside dysphonia, a condition in which the individual has difficulty speaking.The swelling of the vocal cords and the lowering of the voice are warning signs that an individual has Reinkes edema. At the microscopic level, an examination of the vocal cords in patients with Reinkes edema will show lowered levels of collagen, elastin, and extracellular matrix proteins. These characteristics can be used to diagnose Reinkes edema. Reinkes edema is considered a benign polyp that may become precancerous if smoking is involved. An indicator of cancer is the development of leukoplakia, which manifests as white patches on the vocal folds.Smoking, gastric reflux, and hypothyroidism are all risk factors for Reinkes edema.
Other therapy options include:

Nystatin is an effective treatment for mild esophageal candidiasis. It can be used as (swish, do not swallow) treatment for oral candidiasis that occurs with the use of asthma pumps. Oral fluconazole can be used for moderate to severe esophageal candidiasis (and oropharyngeal candidiasis). Other oral triazoles, such as itraconazole
Caspofungin, used in refractory or systemic cases
Amphotericin, used in refractory or systemic cases
Mimidis, K; Papadopoulos, V; Margaritis, V; Thomopoulos, K; Gatopoulou, A; Nikolopoulou, V; Kartalis, G (February 2005). "Predisposing factors and clinical symptoms in HIV-negative patients with Candida oesophagitis: are they always present?". International Journal of Clinical Practice. 59 (2): 210–3. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2004.00249.x. PMID 15854199. References


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