The first practical use of fractional dose yellow fever vaccination was in response to a large yellow fever outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in mid-2016.In March 2017, the WHO launched a vaccination campaign in Brazil with 3.5 million doses from an emergency stockpile. In March 2017 the WHO recommended vaccination for travellers to certain parts of Brazil. In March 2018, Brazil shifted its policy and announced it planned to vaccinate all 77.5 million currently unvaccinated citizens by April 2019. Compulsory vaccination
Some countries in Asia are considered to be potentially in danger of yellow fever epidemics, as both mosquitoes with the capability to transmit yellow fever as well as susceptible monkeys are present. The disease does not yet occur in Asia. To prevent introduction of the virus, some countries demand previous vaccination of foreign visitors who have passed through yellow fever areas. Vaccination has to be proved by a vaccination certificate, which is valid 10 days after the vaccination and lasts for 10 years. Although the WHO on 17 May 2013 advised that subsequent booster vaccinations are unnecessary, an older (than 10 years) certificate may not be acceptable at all border posts in all affected countries. A list of the countries that require yellow fever vaccination is published by the WHO. If the vaccination cannot be given for some reason, dispensation may be possible. In this case, an exemption certificate issued by a WHO-approved vaccination center is required.
Abrocitinib, sold under the brand name Cibinqo, is a Janus kinase inhibitor medication used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (eczema). It was developed by Pfizer. Medical uses
Abrocitinib is indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy. Side effects
The most common adverse effects in studies were upper respiratory tract infection, headache, nausea, and diarrhea. Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
It is a selective inhibitor of the enzyme janus kinase 1 (JAK1). Pharmacokinetics
Abrocitinib is quickly absorbed from the gut and generally reaches highest blood plasma concentrations within one hour. Only 1.0 to 4.4% of the dose are found unmetabolized in the urine. History
April 2016: initiation of Phase 2b trial
December 2017: initiation of JADE Mono-1 Phase 3 trial
May 2018: Results of Phase 2b trial posted
October 2019: Results of Phase 3 trial presented
June 2020: Results of second Phase 3 trial published

Society and culture
Legal status
In October 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Cibinqo, intended for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The applicant for this medicinal product is Pfizer Europe MA EEIG. In December 2021, the European Commission approved abrocitinib for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.In January 2022, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved abrocitinib for adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. References
External links
"Abrocitinib". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.