Learning difficulties not due to a deficit in intelligence can also occur because of hearing and sight impairments if the school is not informed and the student is not assisted within the learning environment.Stickler syndrome is thought to be associated with an increased incidence of mitral valve prolapse of the heart, although no definitive research supports this. Causes
The syndrome is thought to arise from a mutation of several collagen genes during fetal development. It is a sex independent autosomal dominant trait meaning a person with the syndrome has a 50% chance of passing it on to each child. There are three  variants of Stickler syndrome identified, each associated with a collagen biosynthesis gene. A metabolic defect concerning the hyaluronic acid and the collagen of the 2-d type is assumed to be the cause of this syndrome. Genetics
Mutations in the COL11A1, COL11A2 and COL2A1 genes cause Stickler syndrome. These genes are involved in the production of type II and type XI collagen. Collagens are complex molecules that provide structure and strength to connective tissue (the tissue that supports the bodys joints and organs). Mutations in any of these genes disrupt the production, processing, or assembly of type II or type XI collagen. Defective collagen molecules or reduced amounts of collagen affect the development of bones and other connective tissues, leading to the characteristic features of Stickler syndrome.Other, as yet unknown, genes may also cause Stickler syndrome because not all individuals with the condition have mutations in one of the three identified genes.
Diagnosis
Types
Genetic changes are related to the following types of Stickler syndrome:
Stickler syndrome, COL2A1 (75% of Stickler cases)
Stickler syndrome, COL11A1
Stickler syndrome, COL11A2(non-ocular)
Stickler syndrome, COL9A1 (recessive variant)
Stickler syndrome, COL9A2 (recessive variant)
Stickler syndrome, COL9A3 (recessive variant)
Stickler Syndrome, LOX3   (Recessive, 7 cases reported)Whether there are two or three types of Stickler syndrome is controversial. Each type is presented here according to the gene involved. The classification of these conditions is changing as researchers learn more about the genetic causes. Treatment
Many professionals that are likely to be involved in the treatment of those with Sticklers syndrome, include anesthesiologists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons; craniofacial surgeons; ear, nose, and throat specialists, ophthalmologists, optometrists, audiologists, speech pathologists, occupational therapists, physical therapists and rheumatologists. History
Scientists associated with the discovery of this syndrome include:
B. David (medicine)
Gunnar B. Stickler
G. Weissenbacher
Ernst Zweymüller

See also
Mandy Haberman, invented the Haberman Feeder
Marshall syndrome
Pierre Robin syndrome

References
External links

GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Stickler Syndrome