After treatment has ended, the childs caretakers should be counseled on how to continue feeding them and looking for signs of relapse.Prevention is an effective strategy to address failure to thrive in resource limited regions. Recognition of at-risk populations is an important first step in approaching prevention. Infections such as HIV, tuberculosis and conditions causing diarrhea can be causative factors in failure to thrive. As such, addressing these conditions can greatly improve outcomes. Targeted supplementation strategies such as ready-to-eat foods or legume supplementation are valuable tools for preempting failure to thrive. Prognosis
Children with failure to thrive are at an increased risk for long-term growth, cognitive, and behavioral complications. Studies have shown that children with failure to thrive during infancy were shorter and lower weight at school-age than their peers. Failure to thrive may also result in children not achieving their growth potential, as estimated by mid-parental height. Longitudinal studies have also demonstrated lower IQs (3–5 points) and poorer arithmetic performance in children with a history failure to thrive, compared to peers receiving adequate nutrition as infants and toddlers. Early intervention and restoration of adequate nutrition has been shown to reduce the likelihood of long-term sequelae, however, studies have shown that failure to thrive may cause persistent behavioral problems, despite appropriate treatment. History
FTT was first introduced in the early 20th century to describe poor growth in orphan children but became associated with negative implications (such as maternal deprivation) that often incorrectly explained the underlying issues.
History
Lumasiran was evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in two studies of participants with PH1: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in participants six years and older and an open-label study in participants younger than six years (NCT03681184 and NCT03905694). Participants ranged in age from four months to 61 years at the first dose. In the first study, 26 participants received a monthly injection of lumasiran followed by a maintenance dose every three months; 13 participants received placebo injections. Neither the patients nor the healthcare providers knew which treatment was being given until after the trial was completed. The primary endpoint was the amount of oxalate measured in the urine over 24 hours. In the lumasiran group, participants had, on average, a 65% reduction of oxalate in the urine, compared to an average 12% reduction in the placebo group. By the sixth month of the study, 52% of participants treated with lumasiran reached a normal 24-hour urinary oxalate level; no participants treated with the placebo did. In the second study, 16 participants younger than six years all received lumasiran. Using another measure of oxalate in the urine, the study showed, on average, a 71% decrease in urinary oxalate by the sixth month of the study. The trials were conducted at 25 centers in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.The FDA granted the application for lumasiran orphan drug and breakthrough therapy designations. In addition, the manufacturer received a rare pediatric disease priority review voucher.