Pathophysiology
Crush injury is damage to the body as a result of being crushed by an object. Crush syndrome is a systemic result of skeletal muscle injury and breakdown and subsequent release of cell contents. The severity of crush syndrome is dependent on the duration and magnitude of the crush injury as well as the bulk of muscle affected. It can result from both short duration, high-magnitude injuries (such as being crushed by a building) or from low magnitude, long-duration injuries such as coma or drug induced immobility. Treatment
Early fluid resuscitation reduces the risk of kidney failure, reduces the severity of hyperkalaemia and may improve outcomes in isolated crush injury.For casualties with isolated crush injury who are haemodynamically stable, large volume crystalloid fluid resuscitation reduces the severity of and reduces the risk of acute kidney injury. See also
Crush syndrome

References
Further reading
Rajasekaran S. (2005). "Ganga hospital open injury severity score - A score to prognosticate limb salvage and outcome measures in Type IIIb open tibial fractures". Indian J Orthop. 39 (1): 4–13. Archived from the original on 2016-09-16. Retrieved 2016-09-06. == External links ==
The risk is greater when the mother is small or when the infant is of large weight. Risk of injury to the lower brachial plexus results from traction on an abducted arm, as with an infant being pulled from the birth canal by an extended arm above the head or with someone catching themselves by a branch as they fall from a tree. Lower brachial plexus injuries should be distinguished from upper brachial plexus injuries, which can also result from birth trauma but give a different syndrome of weakness known as Erbs palsy. Other trauma, such as motorcycle accidents, that have similar spinal cord injuries to C8 and T1, also show the same symptoms of Klumpkes paralysis. Diagnosis
Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity testing can help to diagnose the location and severity of the lesion. Otherwise, the diagnosis is one made clinically after a thorough neurologic exam. Treatment
Treatment effectiveness varies depending on the initial severity of the injury. Physiotherapy is used to increase strength of muscle and improve muscle functions. Electrical modalities such as electric nerve stimulation can also be used.Occupational therapy to provide exercises and coping mechanisms to improve the patients ability to perform activities of daily living. Goals of therapy are to improve tactile sensation, proprioception, and range of motion.Acute treatment of a severe injury will involve repositioning and splinting or casting of the extremity. Epidemiology
Klumpke Palsy is listed as a rare disease by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).