Clinically, the effect of hypercapnia on pH is estimated using the ratio of the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide to the concentration of bicarbonate ion, 
  
    
      
        
          
            P
            
              
                a
                
                  C
                  
                    O
                    
                      2
                    
                  
                  
                    /
                  
                  H
                  C
                  
                    O
                    
                      3
                    
                    
                      −
                    
                  
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle {P_{a_{CO_{2}/HCO_{3}^{-}}}}}
  .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis for pigment dispersion syndrome is made with characteristic slit lamp and gonioscopy findings. Management
There is no cure, but pigmentary glaucoma can be managed with eye drops or treated with simple surgeries. If caught early and monitored, chances of glaucoma are greatly reduced. A 2016 Cochrane Review sought to determine the effectiveness of YAG laser iridotomy versus no laser iridotomy for pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma, in 195 participants, across five studies. No clear benefits in preventing loss of visual field were found for eyes treated with peripheral laser iridotomy. There was weak evidence suggesting that laser iridotomy could be more effective in lowering intraocular pressure in eyes versus no treatment. References


== External links ==