IVF costs are fully subsidized up to the birth of two children for all Israeli women, including single women and lesbian couples. Embryo transfers for purposes of gestational surrogacy are also covered. Germany
On 27 January 2009, the Federal Constitutional Court ruled that it is unconstitutional, that the health insurance companies have to bear only 50% of the cost for IVF. On 2 March 2012, the Federal Council has approved a draft law of some federal states, which provides that the federal government provides a subsidy of 25% to the cost. Thus, the share of costs borne for the pair would drop to just 25%. Since July 2017, assisted reproductive technology is also allowed for married lesbian couples, as German parliament allowed same-sex marriages in Germany. France
In July 2020, the French Parliament allowed assisted reproductive technology also for lesbian couples and single women. Cuba
Cuban sources mention that assisted reproduction is completely legal and free in the country. India
The Government of India has notified the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act 2021 and the Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act 2021 to regulate the practice of ART. Prior to that, the National Guidelines for Accreditation, Supervision and Regulation of ART Clinics in India published by the Ministry for Health and Family Welfare, Government of India in the year 2005 was governing the field. Indian law recognises the right of a single woman, who is a major, to have children through ART. Society and culture
Ethics
Some couples may find it difficult to stop treatment despite very bad prognosis, resulting in futile therapies.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk is also increased; therefore, it is considered a premalignant condition. Epidemiology
PVS is an extremely rare condition, though its exact prevalence is unknown. While it is becoming less common in developed countries, the condition is increasingly found in developing countries, particularly in Asia. However, it is very rarely seen in African countries, despite the relatively high prevalence of iron deficiency. History
The disease is named after two Americans working at the Mayo Clinic -- the physician Henry Stanley Plummer and the surgeon Porter Paisley Vinson. It is occasionally known as Paterson-Kelly or Paterson-Brown Kelly syndrome in the UK, after Derek Brown-Kelly and Donald Ross Paterson. However, Plummer–Vinson syndrome is still the most commonly used name. See also
List of hematologic conditions

References
External links
00325 at CHORUS