This leads to impaired regulation of cellular proliferation, survival, homeostasis, migration and other critical functions. The most typically affected organs include the brain, skin, kidney, heart and lung. The incidence of TSC is approximately 1 in 6,000 live births. Similar to other neurocutaneous disorders there is variable penetrance and expressivity. TSC1 mutations tend to have a less severe phenotype and are more likely to be familial. A major development in the treatment of this condition occurred in 2010s when the FDA approved mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of several manifestations of TSC. Epilepsy is among the most common manifestations of TSC and it occurs 80-90% of patients. It usually presents during the first few years of life and is medically refractory in two-thirds of patients. Approximately, one-third of patients have infantile spasms. There are several types of brain lesions that can be found in TSC including subependymal nodules (SENs), cortical tubers and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). SENs and cortical tubers occur in approximately 80% and 90% of patients, respectively. SEGAs occur in 10-15% of patients and are a major potential cause of morbidity and potentially mortality. They tend to present during the first 20 years of life. TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorder (TAND) refers to the behavioral, intellectual and psychiatric manifestations of TSC including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, depression and anxiety. Approximately 90% of patients will have at least 1 symptom of TAND.Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) occurs in the lung and may result in pneumothorax, cystic lung destruction and pleural effusions.
A corpus luteum cyst is a type of ovarian cyst which may rupture about the time of menstruation, and take up to three months to disappear entirely. A corpus luteum cyst rarely occurs in women over the age of 50, because eggs are no longer being released after menopause. Corpus luteum cysts may contain blood and other fluids. The physical shape of a corpus luteum cyst may appear as an enlargement of the ovary itself,  rather than a distinct mass -like growth on the surface of the ovary. Signs and symptoms
Corpus luteum cysts are a normal part of the menstrual cycle. They can, however, grow to almost 10 cm (4 inches) in diameter and have the potential to bleed into themselves or twist the ovary, causing pelvic or abdominal pain. It is possible the cyst may rupture, causing internal bleeding and pain. This pain typically disappears within a few days of the rupture. If the corpus luteum becomes large it may cause ovarian torsion, where the ovary twists and blood flow is cut off. Ovarian torsion is rare and is accompanied by severe pain. Pathophysiology
This type of functional cyst occurs after an egg has been released from a follicle. The follicle then becomes a secretory gland that is known as the corpus luteum. The ruptured follicle begins producing large quantities of estrogen and progesterone in preparation for conception. If a pregnancy doesnt occur, the corpus luteum usually breaks down and disappears.