If there is excessive menstrual and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation, menometrorrhagia (meno = prolonged, metro = time, rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) may be diagnosed. Causes may be due to abnormal blood clotting, disruption of normal hormonal regulation of periods or disorders of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Depending upon the cause, it may be associated with abnormally painful periods. Disorders of ovulation
Disorders of ovulation include oligoovulation and anovulation:
Anovulation is absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected (in a post-menarchal, premenopausal woman). Anovulation usually manifests itself as irregularity of menstrual periods, that is, unpredictable variability of intervals, duration, or bleeding. Anovulation can also cause cessation of periods (secondary amenorrhea) or excessive bleeding (dysfunctional uterine bleeding). Oligoovulation is infrequent or irregular ovulation (usually defined as cycles of >35 days or <8 cycles a year). Other menstrual disorders
Dysmenorrhea (or dysmenorrhoea), cramps or painful menstruation, involves menstrual periods that are accompanied by either sharp, intermittent pain or dull, aching pain, usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen. Signs and symptoms of menstrual disorders
The signs and symptoms of menstrual disorders can cause significant stress. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) has the potential to be one of the most urgent gynecological problems during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea is the most common. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Symptoms may include irritability, bloating, depression, food cravings, aggressiveness, and mood swings. Fluid retention and fluctuating weight gain are also reported.Precipitating risk factors include: stress, alcohol consumption, exercise, smoking, and some medications.
Restrictive lung diseases  are a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion, resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation. Pulmonary function test demonstrates a decrease in the forced vital capacity. Presentation
Due to the chronic nature of this disease, the leading symptom of restrictive lung disease is progressive exertional dyspnea. For acute on chronic cases, shortness of breath, cough, and respiratory failure are some of the more common signs. Causes
Restrictive lung diseases may be due to specific causes which can be intrinsic to the parenchyma of the lung, or extrinsic to it. Intrinsic
Pneumoconiosis caused by long-term exposure to dusts, especially in mining. For example, Asbestosis. Radiation fibrosis, usually from the radiation given for cancer treatment. Certain drugs such as amiodarone, bleomycin and methotrexate. As a consequence of another disease such as rheumatoid arthritis. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to an allergic reaction to inhaled particles. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe lung condition occurring in response to a critical illness or injury. Infant respiratory distress syndrome due to a deficiency of surfactant in the lungs of a baby born prematurely. TuberculosisMany cases of restrictive lung disease are idiopathic (have no known cause). Still, there is generally pulmonary fibrosis. Examples are:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, of which there are several types
Sarcoidosis
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosisConditions specifically affecting the interstitium are called interstitial lung diseases. Extrinsic
Nonmuscular diseases of the upper thorax such as kyphosis, pectus carinatum and pectus excavatum.