Fat-soluble choline-containing compounds (phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins) are either hydrolyzed by phospholipases or enter the lymph incorporated into chylomicrons. Transport
In humans, choline is transported as a free molecule in blood. Choline–containing phospholipids and other substances, like glycerophosphocholines, are transported in blood lipoproteins. Blood plasma choline levels in healthy fasting adults is 7–20 micromoles per liter (μmol/L) and 10 μmol/L on average. Levels are regulated, but choline intake and deficiency alters these levels. Levels are elevated for about 3 hours after choline consumption. Phosphatidylcholine levels in the plasma of fasting adults is 1.5–2.5 mmol/L. Its consumption elevates the free choline levels for about 8–12 hours, but does not affect phosphatidylcholine levels significantly.Choline is a water-soluble ion and thus requires transporters to pass through fat-soluble cell membranes. Three types of choline transporters are known:
SLC5A7
CTLs: CTL1 (SLC44A1), CTL2 (SLC44A2) and CTL4 (SLC44A4)
OCTs: OCT1 (SLC22A1) and OCT2 (SLC22A2)SLC5A7s are sodium- (Na+) and ATP-dependent transporters. They have high binding affinity for choline, transport it primarily to neurons and are indirectly associated with the acetylcholine production. Their deficient function causes hereditary weakness in the pulmonary and other muscles in humans via acetylcholine deficiency. In knockout mice, their dysfunction results easily in death with cyanosis and paralysis.CTL1s have moderate affinity for choline and transport it in almost all tissues, including the intestines, liver, kidneys, placenta and mitochondria. CTL1s supply choline for phosphatidylcholine and trimethylglycine production. CTL2s occur especially in the mitochondria in the tongue, kidneys, muscles and heart. They are associated with the mitochondrial oxidation of choline to trimethylglycine.
This in turn affects the human immune systems ability to fight infection, in total there are 9 possible types of this condition. Diagnosis
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis can be diagnosed in an affected individual via the following methods/tests:

Types
Treatment
Management for an individual with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis consists of the following (relapse occurs once treatment is ceased, in many cases):
Systemic anti-fungal therapy (e.g., Fluconazole)
Transfer factor
Combination therapy
Screening (annually)

See also
Candidiasis
List of cutaneous conditions

Notes
^  Indicates 9 references to specific, numbered pages in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. References
Further reading
Kauffman, Carol A.; Pappas, Peter G.; Sobel, Jack D.; Dismukes, William E. (2011). Essentials of Clinical Mycology. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781441966407. Retrieved 9 June 2017. Ostler, H. Bruce (2004). Diseases of the Eye and Skin: A Color Atlas. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781749992. Retrieved 9 June 2017. == External links ==