Ménières disease (MD) is a disease of the inner ear that is characterized by potentially severe and incapacitating episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a fullness in the ear. Typically, only one ear is affected initially, but over time, both ears may become involved. Episodes generally last from 20 minutes to a few hours. The time between episodes varies. The hearing loss and ringing in the ears can become constant over time.The cause of Ménières disease is unclear, but likely involves both genetic and environmental factors. A number of theories exist for why it occurs, including constrictions in blood vessels, viral infections, and autoimmune reactions. About 10% of cases run in families. Symptoms are believed to occur as the result of increased fluid buildup in the labyrinth of the inner ear. Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and a hearing test. Other conditions that may produce similar symptoms include vestibular migraine and transient ischemic attack.No cure is known. Attacks are often treated with medications to help with the nausea and anxiety. Measures to prevent attacks are overall poorly supported by the evidence. A low-salt diet, diuretics, and corticosteroids may be tried. Physical therapy may help with balance and counselling may help with anxiety. Injections into the ear or surgery may also be tried if other measures are not effective, but are associated with risks. The use of tympanostomy tubes, while popular, is not supported.Ménières disease was first identified in the early 1800s by Prosper Ménière. It affects between 0.3 and 1.9 per 1,000 people.
Elsewhere may refer to:

Film
Elsewhere (2001 film), a 2001 Austrian documentary by Nikolaus Geyrhalter
Elsewhere (2009 film), an American thriller starring Anna Kendrick
Elsewhere (2019 film), an American comedy-drama directed by Hernán Jiménez

Literature
Elsewhere, a 1991 novel by Will Shetterly
Elsewhere (anthology), a 2003 Australian speculative-fiction anthology
Elsewhere (Blatty novel), a 2009 novel by William Peter Blatty
"Elsewhere" (short story), a 1941 science-fiction short story by Robert Heinlein
Elsewhere (Zevin novel), a 2005 novel by Gabrielle Zevin
Elsewhere: A Memoir, a 2012 memoir by novelist Richard Russo

Music
Elsewhere, an EP by Gretta Ray, 2016
Elsewhere (Scott Matthews album)
Elsewhere (Joe Morris album)
Elsewhere (Pinegrove album), 2017
"Elsewhere", a song by Sarah McLachlan from Fumbling Towards Ecstasy

Places
Elsewhere, a museum and artist residency in Greensboro, North Carolina
The name of a town in Calloway County, Kentucky
Elsewhere (music venue), music venue in Bushwick, Brooklyn

Other
Elsewhere (website), a music, arts and travel website run by New Zealand journalist Graham Reid
Elsewhere, the stage name of dancer David Bernal
In special relativity, the region of spacetime outside a light cone
Elsweyr, a fictional nation in the Elder Scrolls videogame series

See also
St. Elsewhere, an American television drama series
St. Elsewhere (album), a 2006 album by Gnarls Barkley
Dispatches from Elsewhere, a 2020 American television drama series
Somewhere Else (disambiguation)