It is believed to be connected to or synonymous with a variety of culture-specific phenomena such as latah, koro, and amok. Classification
There are three forms of brief psychotic disorder:
BPD with a marked stressor (a.k.a. brief reactive psychosis): if BPD symptoms occur in following personal events (single or multiple) that would be expected to cause significant stress to an average individual. BPD without a marked stressor: if BPD symptoms do not occur in following personal events (single or multiple) that would be expected to cause significant stress to an average individual. BPD with postpartum onset: if onset of BPD symptoms is during pregnancy or within 4 weeks after birth. BPD with a marked stressor (brief reactive psychosis)
Brief reactive psychosis (designated since the DSM IV-TR as "brief psychotic disorder with marked stressor(s), BRP"), is the psychiatric term for psychosis which can be triggered by an extremely stressful event in the life of an individual and eventually yielding to a return to normal functioning.Brief reactive psychosis generally follows a recognisably traumatic life event like divorce or homelessness, but may be triggered by any subjective experience which appears catastrophic to the person affected. Among such stressors are the death of a loved one, professional loss such as unexpectedly losing ones job or otherwise becoming unemployed, or serious adverse changes in the patients personal life, such as the breakdown of their family through divorce, etc.
Brief psychotic disorder ⁠— according to the classifications of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 ⁠— is a psychotic condition involving the sudden onset of at least one psychotic symptom (such as disorganized thought/speech, delusions, hallucinations, or grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior) lasting 1 day to 1 month, often accompanied by emotional turmoil. Remission of all symptoms is complete with patients returning to the previous level of functioning. It may follow a period of extreme stress including the loss of a loved one. Most patients with this condition under DSM-5 would be classified as having acute and transient psychotic disorders under ICD-10. Prior to DSM-IV, this condition was called "brief reactive psychosis." This condition may or may not be recurrent, and it should not be caused by another condition. The term bouffée délirante describes an acute non-affective and non-schizophrenic psychotic disorder, which is largely similar to DSM-III-R and DSM-IV brief psychotic and schizophreniform disorders. Presentation
BPD is characterized by a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms, which may include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior, or catatonic behavior.Symptoms generally last at least a day, but not more than a month, and there is an eventual return to full baseline functioning. BPD may occur in response to a significant stressor in ones life, or in other situations where a stressor is not apparent, including in the weeks following birth.In diagnosis, a careful distinction is considered for culturally appropriate behaviors, such as religious beliefs and activities.