At 3–14 years of age:
2 major criteria or 1 major and 3 minor criteria. Major criteria are:

ALMS1 mutation in 1 allele and/or family history of Alström syndrome,
Vision pathology (nystagmus, photophobia, diminished acuity). If old enough for testing: cone dystrophy by ERG.Minor criteria:

Obesity and/or insulin resistance and/or Type 2 Diabetes
History of dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure
Hearing loss
Liver dysfunction
Kidney failure
Advanced bone ageVariable supportive evidence:
Recurrent pulmonary infections, normal digits, delayed developmental milestones, hyperlipidemia, scoliosis, flat wide feet
hypothyroidism, hypertension, recurrent urinary tract infection, growth hormone deficiency. Presentation 15 years – adulthood:
2 major and 2 minor criteria or 1 major and 4 minor criteria. Major criteria are:

ALMS1 mutation in 1 allele and/or family history of Alström syndrome. Vision pathology (history of nystagmus in infancy/childhood, legal blindness, cone and rod dystrophy by ERG).Minor criteria:

Obesity and/or insulin resistance and/or Type 2 Diabetes
History of dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure. Hearing loss
Hepatic dysfunction
Renal failure
Short stature
Males: hypogonadism, Females: irregular menses and/or hyperandrogenismOther supportive features:
Recurrent pulmonary infections, normal digits, history of developmental delay, hyperlipidemia, scoliosis, flat wide feet,
hypothyroidism, hypertension, recurrent urinary tract infections/urinary dysfunction, growth hormone deficiency, alopecia. Prevention
Prevention for Alström syndrome is considered to be harder compared to other diseases/syndromes because it is an inherited condition. However, there are other options that are available for parents with a family history of Alström syndrome. Genetic testing and counseling are available where individuals are able to meet with a genetic counselor to discuss risks of having the children with the disease.
The genetic counselor may also help determine whether individuals carry the defective ALSM1 gene before the individuals conceive a child. Some of the tests the genetic counselors perform include chorionic villus sampling (CVS), preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and amniocentesis. With PGD, the embryos are tested for the ALSM1 gene and only the embryos that are not affected may be chosen for implantation via in vitro fertilization. Treatment
There is no cure for Alström syndrome; however, there are treatment aims to reduce the symptoms and prevent further complications. Some of these treatment aims include:
Corrective lenses: tinted lenses that help with the sensitivity from bright lights. The patients may have to adapt to reading in Braille, use adaptive equipment, mobility aids and adaptive computing skills. Education: patients with Alström syndrome who have  intellectual disabilities must have access to education. They must be able to receive free and appropriate education. Some Alström syndrome patients are educated in normal classrooms. Other patients have to take special education classes or attend to specialized schools that are prepared to teach children with disabilities. Staff members from schools have to consult with patients parents or caregivers in order to design an education plan based on the childs needs. In addition, the school may document the progress of the child in order to confirm that the childs needs are being met. Hearing aids: the battery-operated devices are available in three styles: behind the ear, in the ear and inside the ear canal. Behind the ear aims for mild-to-profound hearing loss.