A bifid nose (also known as cleft nose) is an uncommon congenital malformation which is characterized by the presence of a cleft between the two nostrils of the nose. It is the result of a disturbance during embryological nose development.It is part of the Tessier classification for craniofacial clefts. Signs and symptoms
The visibility of this malformation varies from person to person; from a barely noticeable "line" in the middle of the nose to the complete clefting of the nose which results in two "half noses", the airway is usually adequate. Individuals with this birth anomaly dont have any symptoms related to their bifid nose. Complications
This condition is merely comestic, and the severity of it doesnt affect a person with the disorder (health-wise) since usually there is a normal and adequate nasal airway. Diagnosis
This condition can be diagnosed by physical examination. This difference can serve as a diagnostic method since it occurs alongside other malformations, such as frontonasal dysplasia, hypertelorbitism and cleft lips.Bifid noses can also be diagnosed prenatally via a coronal view of the face under ultrasonography, they typically have a broad appearance with "a cleavage between the nostrils resembling a double barrel gun".
Extreme obsessions: much time is taken up by jealous concerns, and there is a great difficulty in putting the concerns out of the mind. Impairment of the relationship, limitation of the partners freedom and checking on the partners behavior may occur. Although a distinction was occasionally difficult to make, the categories of ‘psychotic’ (delusional) and ‘neurotic’ jealousy contained similar proportions (each between one-third and one-half). Delusions: the individuals own thoughts are egosyntonic; they are regarded as true, and not resisted. Some authors compare morbid jealousy to a delusional state (e.g. Enoch & Trethowan, 1979). Beliefs may include the morbidly jealous subjects suspicion that: 1. he or she is being poisoned or given some substance(s) to decrease sexual potency by the partner, 2. that the partner has contracted a sexually transmitted disease from a third party 3. is engaging in sexual intercourse with a third party while the subject sleeps. Causes
Psychological
There are many psychological causes that go along with morbid jealousy. Some people equate morbid jealousy with a delusional state. “Delusions of infidelity exist without any other psychopathology and may be considered to be morbid jealousy in its ‘purest’ form” (Kingham and Gordon). For morbid jealousy to occur ones memories are subconsciously changed and their partners actions are misinterpreted as well to the extent that the person is absolutely convinced of betrayal from the partner. It is thought that even some brain disorders might eventually lead to delusions of betrayal.