Xeroderma pigmentosum-Cockayne syndrome (XP-CS) occurs when an individual also has xeroderma pigmentosum, another DNA repair disease. Some symptoms of each disease are expressed. For instance, freckling and pigment abnormalities characteristic of XP are present. The neurological disorder, spasticity, and underdevelopment of sexual organs characteristic of CS are seen. However, hypomyelination and the facial features of typical CS patients are not present. Causes
If hyperoxia or excess oxygen occurs in the body, the cellular metabolism produces several highly reactive forms of oxygen called free radicals. This can cause oxidative damage to cellular components including the DNA. In normal cells, our body repairs the damaged sections. In the case of this disease, due to subtle defects in transcription, childrens genetic machinery for synthesizing proteins needed by the body does not operate at normal capacity. That is, scientists believed that these childrens genetic machinery for synthesizing proteins needed by the body does not operate at normal capacity. Over time, went this theory, results in developmental failure and death. Every minute, the body pumps 10 to 20 liters of oxygen through the blood, carrying it to billions of cells in our bodies. In its normal molecular form, oxygen is harmless. However, cellular metabolism involving oxygen can generate several highly reactive free radicals. These free radicals can cause oxidative damage to cellular components including the DNA. In an average human cell, several thousand lesions occur in the DNA every day. Many of these lesions result from oxidative damage.
The FDA granted the approval of Oxlumo to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Society and culture
Legal status
Lumasiran is available under the UK Early Access to Medicines Scheme (EAMS) as of July 2020.On 15 October 2020, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Oxlumo, intended for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1). The applicant for this medicinal product is Alnylam Netherlands B.V.Lumasiran was approved for medical use in the European Union and in the United States in November 2020. References
External links
"Lumasiran". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for "A Study to Evaluate Lumasiran in Children and Adults With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (ILLUMINATE-A)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for "A Study of Lumasiran in Infants and Young Children With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (ILLUMINATE-B)" at ClinicalTrials.gov