and has classified disease into four groups as follows:

Epithelial and subepithelial dystrophies
Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy
Epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophies (Franceschetti corneal dystrophy, Dystrophia Smolandiensis, and Dystrophia Helsinglandica)
Subepithelial mucinous corneal dystrophy
Meesmann corneal dystrophy
Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy
Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy

Bowman Layer dystrophies
Reis–Bücklers corneal dystrophy
Thiel–Behnke corneal dystrophy
Stromal dystrophies-
TGFB1 corneal dystrophies
Lattice corneal dystrophy, type 1 variants (III, IIIA, I/IIIA, IV) of lattice corneal dystrophy
Granular corneal dystrophy, type 1
Granular corneal dystrophy, type 2

Stromal dystrophies
Macular corneal dystrophy
Schnyder crystalline corneal dystrophy
Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy
Fleck corneal dystrophy
Posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy
Central cloudy dystrophy of François
Pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy

Endothelial dystrophies
Fuchs dystrophy
Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy
Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy
X-linked endothelial corneal dystrophyThe following (now historic) classification was by Klintworth:Superficial dystrophies:

Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy
Meesmann juvenile epithelial corneal dystrophy
Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy
Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy
Subepithelial mucinous corneal dystrophy
Reis-Bucklers corneal dystrophy
Thiel–Behnke dystrophyStromal dystrophies:

Lattice corneal dystrophy
Granular corneal dystrophy
Macular corneal dystrophy
Schnyder crystalline corneal dystrophy
Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy
Fleck corneal dystrophyPosterior dystrophies:

Fuchs dystrophy
Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy
Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy

Treatment
Early stages may be asymptomatic and may not require any intervention. Initial treatment may include hypertonic eyedrops and ointment to reduce the corneal edema and may offer symptomatic improvement prior to surgical intervention.Suboptimal vision caused by corneal dystrophy may be helped with scleral contact lenses but eventually usually requires surgical intervention in the form of corneal transplantation. Penetrating keratoplasty, a common type of corneal transplantation, is commonly performed for extensive corneal dystrophy.With penetrating keratoplasty (corneal transplant), the long-term results are good to excellent. Recent surgical improvements have been made which have increased the success rate for this procedure. However, recurrence of the disease in the donor graft may happen.
Recommended amounts of intranasal corticosteroids are generally not associated with systemic side effects. Corticosteroids inhibit wound healing. Therefore, use of corticosteroid nasal sprays in patients who have experienced recent nasal septal ulcers, recurrent epistaxis, nasal surgery or trauma, a nasal corticosteroid should be used with caution until healing has occurred. In pregnancy, recommended doses of intranasal corticosteroids are safe and effective. == References ==