If the mechanism of injury involves contact lenses, fingernails or organic/ plant matter, antibiotic prophylaxis should be provided with topical fluoroquinolone drops 4 times a day, and a fluoroquinolone ointment, typically ciprofloxacin, at night. If the abrasion was caused by another mechanism, the recommended treatment includes antibiotic ointments (erythromycin, bacitracin or bacitracin/polymyxin B every 2 or 4 hours) or antibiotic drops, usually polymyxin B and trimethoprim 4 times a day. Patching
Eye patching is not generally recommended as they do not help with healing or pain. Furthermore, it can result in decreased oxygen delivery, increased moisture and a higher chance of an infection. Another measure that is no longer recommended is the use of mydriatics, formerly used to relieve the pain caused by ciliary muscle spasm. Animals
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For acute cases the treatment is
antibiotics:
if anaerobic: metronidazole or clindamycin
if aerobic: beta-lactams, cephalosporins
if MRSA or Staphylococcus infection: vancomycin or linezolid
postural drainage and chest physiotherapy
bronchoscopy is used for the following cases:
aspiration or instillation of antibiotics
patients with atypical presentation suspected of having underlying foreign body or malignancy

Prognosis
Most cases respond to antibiotics and prognosis is usually excellent unless there is a debilitating underlying condition. Mortality from lung abscess alone is around 5% and is improving. See also
Empyema
Bronchiectasis
Abscess
Pleural effusion

References


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