Cetirizine, sold under the brand name Zyrtec among others, is a second-generation antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, and urticaria (hives). It is taken by mouth. Effects generally begin within thirty minutes and last for about a day. The degree of benefit is similar to other antihistamines such as diphenhydramine.Common side effects include sleepiness, dry mouth, headache, and abdominal pain. The degree of sleepiness that occurs is generally less than with first generation antihistamines. Use in pregnancy appears safe, but use during breastfeeding is not recommended. The medication works by blocking histamine H1 receptors, mostly outside the brain.It was patented in 1981 and came into medical use in 1987. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 52nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13 million prescriptions. Medical uses
Allergies
Cetirizines primary indication is for hay fever and other allergies. Because the symptoms of itching and redness in these conditions are caused by histamine acting on the H1 receptor, blocking those receptors temporarily relieves those symptoms.Cetirizine is also commonly prescribed to treat acute and (in particular cases) chronic urticaria, more efficiently than any other second-generation antihistamine. Available forms
Cetirizine is available over-the-counter in the US in the form of 5 and 10 mg tablets. A 20 mg strength is available by prescription only. It is also available as a 1 mg/mL syrup for oral administration by prescription.
References
External links
Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource motif class CLV_TASPASE1
Asparaginase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
"Asparaginase". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Clinical trial number NCT04145531 for "An Open-Label Study of JZP-458 (RC-P) in Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (LBL)" at ClinicalTrials.gov