Screening
The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends neonatal hearing screening for all newborns.The American Academy of Pediatrics advises that children should have their hearing tested several times throughout their schooling:
When they enter school
At ages 6, 8, and 10
At least once during middle school
At least once during high schoolWhile the American College of Physicians indicated that there is not enough evidence to determine the utility of screening in adults over 50 years old who do not have any symptoms, the American Language, Speech Pathology and Hearing Association recommends that adults should be screened at least every decade through age 50 and at three-year intervals thereafter, to minimize the detrimental effects of the untreated condition on quality of life. For the same reason, the US Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion included as one of Healthy People 2020 objectives: to increase the proportion of persons who have had a hearing examination. Management
Management depends on the specific cause if known as well as the extent, type and configuration of the hearing loss. Sudden hearing loss due to an underlying nerve problem may be treated with corticosteroids.Most hearing loss, that resulting from age and noise, is progressive and irreversible, and there are currently no approved or recommended treatments. A few specific kinds of hearing loss are amenable to surgical treatment. In other cases, treatment is addressed to underlying pathologies, but any hearing loss incurred may be permanent. Some management options include hearing aids, cochlear implants, middle ear implants, assistive technology, and closed captioning.
difficulty understanding speech in the presence of background noise (cocktail party effect)
sounds or speech sounding dull, muffled or attenuated
need for increased volume on television, radio, music and other audio sourcesHearing loss is sensory, but may have accompanying symptoms:

pain or pressure in the ears
a blocked feelingThere may also be accompanying secondary symptoms:

hyperacusis, heightened sensitivity with accompanying auditory pain to certain intensities and frequencies of sound, sometimes defined as "auditory recruitment"
tinnitus, ringing, buzzing, hissing or other sounds in the ear when no external sound is present
vertigo and disequilibrium
tympanophonia, also known as autophonia, abnormal hearing of ones own voice and respiratory sounds, usually as a result of a patulous (a constantly open) eustachian tube or dehiscent superior semicircular canals
disturbances of facial movement (indicating a possible tumour or stroke) or in persons with Bells palsy

Complications
Hearing loss is associated with Alzheimers disease and dementia. The risk increases with the hearing loss degree. There are several hypotheses including cognitive resources being redistributed to hearing and social isolation from hearing loss having a negative effect. According to preliminary data, hearing aid usage can slow down the decline in cognitive functions.Hearing loss is responsible for causing thalamocortical dysrthymia in the brain which is a cause for several neurological disorders including tinnitus and visual snow syndrome. Cognitive decline
Hearing loss is an increasing concern especially in aging populations. The prevalence of hearing loss increases about two-fold for each decade increase in age after age 40.