While developmental delay is usually associated with altered physical characteristics (dysmorphic features), this is not always the case.Children of mothers taking valproate during pregnancy are at risk for lower IQs. Maternal valproate use during pregnancy increased the probability of autism in the offspring compared to mothers not taking valproate from 1.5% to 4.4%. A 2005 study found rates of autism among children exposed to sodium valproate before birth in the cohort studied were 8.9%. The normal incidence for autism in the general population is estimated at 1 in 44 (2.3%). A 2009 study found that the 3-year-old children of pregnant women taking valproate had an IQ nine points lower than that of a well-matched control group. However, further research in older children and adults is needed.Sodium valproate has been associated with paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood, also known as Ouvrier–Billson syndrome, from childhood or fetal exposure. This condition resolved after discontinuing valproate therapy.Women who intend to become pregnant should switch to a different medication if possible or decrease their dose of valproate. Women who become pregnant while taking valproate should be warned that it causes birth defects and cognitive impairment in the newborn, especially at high doses (although valproate is sometimes the only drug that can control seizures, and seizures in pregnancy could have worse outcomes for the fetus than exposure to valproate). Studies have shown that taking folic acid supplements can reduce the risk of congenital neural tube defects.
UK only
Capsules – Episenta prolonged release by Beacon
Sachets – Episenta prolonged release by Beacon
Intravenous solution for injection – Episenta solution for injection by Beacon

Germany, Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Sweden
Tablets – Orfiril by Desitin Pharmaceuticals
Intravenous injection – Orfiril IV by Desitin Pharmaceuticals

South Africa
Syrup – Convulex by Byk Madaus
Tablets – Epilim by Sanofi-synthelabo

Malaysia
Tablets – Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis

Romania
Companies are SANOFI-AVENTIS FRANCE, GEROT PHARMAZEUTIKA GMBH and DESITIN ARZNEIMITTEL GMBH
Types are Syrup, Extended release mini tablets, Gastric resistant coated tablets, Gastric resistant soft capsules, Extended release capsules, Extended release tablets and Extended release coated tablets

Canada
Intravenous injection – Epival or Epiject by Abbott Laboratories. Syrup – Depakene by Abbott Laboratories its generic formulations include Apo-Valproic and ratio-Valproic. Japan
Tablets – Depakene by Kyowa Hakko Kirin
Extended release tablets – Depakene-R by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo and Selenica-R by Kowa
Syrup – Depakene by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo

Europe
In much of Europe, Dépakine and Depakine Chrono (tablets) are equivalent to Epilim and Epilim Chrono above. Taiwan
Tablets (white round tablet) – Depakine (Chinese: 帝拔癲; pinyin: di-ba-dian) by Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (France)

Iran
Tablets – Epival 200 (enteric coated tablet) and Epival 500 (extended release tablet) by Iran Najo
Slow release tablets – Depakine Chrono by Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (France)

Israel
Depalept and Depalept Chrono (extended release tablets) are equivalent to Epilim and Epilim Chrono above. Manufactured and distributed by Sanofi-Aventis.