Surgical excision may be required if its presence is resulting in atrophy of the adrenal glands and the surrounding tissues.In order to acquire better treatment strategies, it is important to further examine, study and discern the distinct molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of endogenous Adrenal Adenomas, hyperplasias, and ACTH-independent Cushings Syndrome to improve the available diagnostic and prognostic markers that can assist clinicians in the management and advance-treatment of such conditions. Prognosis
The long-term outlook for individuals diagnosed with non-functional adrenocortical adenoma is usually excellent. The long-term outlook for individuals diagnosed with functional adrenocortical adenoma is good with early diagnosis and treatment. Epidemiology
Prevalence: Female > Male
More common in adults
Relatively earlier onset in females (ages ≤ 20) than males (ages ≤ 30)
Most common cause of ACTH-independent Cushings syndrome

See also
Hyperplasia
Adrenal tumor
Cushings syndrome
Conns syndrome
Hypercortisolism
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperandrogenism
Adrenal gland
Adrenal paraganglioma
Adrenal Pheochromocytoma
Adrenal ganglioneuroma

References


== External links ==
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 106210 AN
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 106220 Aniridia and absent patella
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 106230 Aniridia, microcornea, and  spontaneously reabsorbed cataract
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 206700 Aniridia, cerebellar ataxia, and mental deficiency (Gillespie syndrome)

Mutational analysis
Molecular (DNA) testing for PAX6 gene mutations (by sequencing of the entire coding region and deletion/duplication analysis) is available for isolated aniridia and the Gillespie syndrome. For the WAGR syndrome, high-resolution cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be utilized to identify deletions within chromosome band 11p13, where both the PAX6 and WT1 genes are located. Symptoms
Aniridia can cause many symptoms, such as:

Poor vision (not always present)
More sensitivity to light
Fast, uncontrolled, shaking "to and from" eye movements (nystagmus)
Eyes dont line up (strabismus)

Treatment
In May 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the CustomFlex Artificial Iris, the first synthetic iris for use in adults and children with congenital aniridia or iris defects related to other conditions, such as albinism, traumatic injury, or surgical removal due to ocular melanoma. The artificial iris is a surgically implanted device made of thin, foldable, medical-grade silicone and is custom-sized and colored for each individual patient. The prosthetic iris is held in place by the anatomical structures of the eye or, if needed, by sutures. See also
WAGR syndrome
Scleral lenses

References
External links

GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Aniridia
NCBI/Molecular diagnosis of aniridia
OMIM entries on Aniridia
GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Wilms Tumor Overview