Human milk from a milk bank or donor can be used if mothers milk is unavailable. The gut mucosal cells do not get enough nourishment from arterial blood supply to stay healthy, especially in very premature infants, where the blood supply is limited due to immature development of the capillaries, so nutrients from the lumen of the gut are needed.Towards understanding intervention with human milk, experts have noted cows and human milk differ in their immunoglobular and glycan compositions. Due to their relative ease of production, human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are a subject of particular interest in supplementation and intervention.A Cochrane review in 2020 found low- to moderate-quality evidence that supplementation of probiotics enterally "prevents severe NEC, as well as all-cause mortality in preterm infants" and that further high-quality trials are needed to inform policy and practice.Advancing enteral feed volumes at lower rates does not appear to reduce the risk of NEC or death in very preterm infants and seems to increase the risk of invasive infection. Not beginning feeding an infant by mouth for more than 4 days does not appear to have protective benefits. Treatment
If a baby is diagnosed with NEC, treatment should begin immediately. Treatment consists primarily of supportive care, including providing bowel rest by stopping enteral feeds, gastric decompression with intermittent suction, fluid repletion to correct electrolyte abnormalities and third-space losses, support for blood pressure, parenteral nutrition, and prompt antibiotic therapy.
By performing the compact tension and three-point flexural tests, one is able to determine the fracture toughness through the following equation:

  
    
      
        
          
            K
            
              c
            
          
        
        =
        
          σ
          
            
              F
            
          
        
        
          
            π
            
              c
            
          
        
        
          f
           
          (
          c
          
            /
          
          a
          )
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \mathrm {K_{c}} =\sigma _{\mathrm {F} }{\sqrt {\pi \mathrm {c} }}\mathrm {f\ (c/a)} }
  Where:-

  
    
      
        
          f
           
          (
          c
          
            /
          
          a
          )
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \mathrm {f\ (c/a)} }
   is an empirically-derived equation to capture the test sample geometry

  
    
      
        
          σ
          
            
              F
            
          
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \sigma _{\mathrm {F} }}
   is the fracture stress, and

  
    
      
        
          c
        
      
    
    {\displaystyle \mathrm {c} }
   is the crack length.To accurately attain 
  
    
      
        
          
            K
          
          
            
              c
            
          
        
      
    
    {\textstyle \mathrm {K} _{\mathrm {c} }}
  , the value of 
  
    
      
        
          c
        
      
    
    {\textstyle \mathrm {c} }
   must be precisely measured.