The disease spread to his leg, but the composer refused to have his toe amputated, which eventually led to his death in March of that year.French King Louis XIV died of gangrene in his leg on 1 September 1715, four days prior to his 77th birthday.Sebald Justinus Brugmans, Professor at Leyden University, from 1795 on Director of the Medical Bureau of the Batavian Republic, and inspector-general of the French Imperial Military Health-Service in 1811, became a leading expert in the fight against hospital-gangrene and its prevention. He wrote a treatise on gangrene in 1814 in which he meticulously analyzed and explained the causes of this dreadful disease, which he was convinced was contagious. He completed his entry with a thorough evaluation of all possible and well experienced sanitary regulations. His work was very well received and was instrumental in convincing most later authors that gangrene was a contagious disease.John M. Trombold wrote: "Middleton Goldsmith, a surgeon in the Union Army during the American Civil War, meticulously studied hospital gangrene and developed a revolutionary treatment regimen. The cumulative Civil War hospital gangrene mortality was 45%. Goldsmiths method, which he applied to over 330 cases, yielded a mortality under 3%." Goldsmith advocated the use of debridement and topical and injected bromide solutions on infected wounds to reduce the incidence and virulence of "poisoned miasma". Copies of his book were issued to Union surgeons to  encourage the use of his methods.Father Camille Bulcke also died of gangrene on 17 August 1982.
The liquid formulation was withdrawn because of an upward trend in spontaneous reports of adverse reactions, including syncope (fainting), which are temporally correlated with a change that was made to the formulation around April 2007 to include edetate disodium (EDTA). The upward trend in adverse reaction reporting rates had not been observed with the use of lyophilized sargramostim. The original liquid formulation without EDTA was returned to the market in the US in May 2008.In 2009, Genzyme acquired the rights to Leukine from Bayer, including the manufacturing facility in the Seattle area.In March 2018 the label was extended to use as a countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome. == References ==