Ritanserin
Ritanserin is a serotonin antagonist that has "been shown to improve daytime alertness and subjective sleep quality in patients on their usual narcolepsy medications." It is intended as an adjunct (supplement to another main therapeutic agent), and although it is not available in the US, it is available in Europe. Antidepressants
Antidepressants seems to have some therapeutic effects as they enhance synaptic levels of noradrenaline and serotonin. Further, different medicines are known to augment the activity of one another like as seen in the case of Fluoxetine which augmented the activity of methylphenidate when taken together. Bupropion, a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), which works by inhibiting the reabsorption of two important brain chemicals – norepinephrine and dopamine, is known to have wake-promoting effects.Fluoxetine, an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class is also known to have mild stimulating effects. It is also known to augment the activity of methylphenidate. Caffeine
Caffeine is one of the safer nondopaminergic wake-promoting compounds. It is widely used but "has intolerable side effects at high doses (including cardiovascular), and it is generally not efficient enough for patients with hypersomnia or narcolepsy." Although it is commonly used by people with IH or narcolepsy, many people with these disorders report that it has only limited benefit on their sleepiness. Melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone that the body produces to help regulate sleep.
Trichoblastomas are a skin condition characterized by benign neoplasms of the follicular germinative cells known as trichoblasts. : 673 Trichoblastic fibroma is a term used to describe small nodular trichoblastomas that contain a conspicuous fibrocytic component, sometimes constituting over 50% of the lesion. Image at left shows a trichoblastoma from a 68-year-old Caucasian male. It shows a pseudo-encapsulated, multinodular, basaloid tumor with fibrocellular stroma spanning the reticular dermis extending into subcutaneous fat (A). No epidermal connection or retraction artifact was noted. Tumor lobules were arranged as monomorphous basaloid cells in a cribriform pattern with peripheral palisading some resembling abortive hair follicles (B, F). Focally, tumor lobules exhibited squamous eddies, papillary mesenchymal bodies, and a germinative component comprising basaloid cells admixed with distinct pales cells (Zellballen) (C–E, D is an enlargement of boxed area in C). See also
Trichoepithelioma
Basal cell carcinoma#Pathophysiology (trichoblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant lesion that can sometimes resemble trichoblastoma)
Skin lesion
List of cutaneous conditions
List of cutaneous conditions associated with increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer

References


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