The term "diabetes" or "to pass through"  was first used in 230 BCE by the Greek Apollonius Memphites. The disease was rare during the time of the Roman empire with Galen commenting that he had only seen two cases during his career.Type 1 and type 2 diabetes were identified as separate conditions for the first time by the Indian physicians Sushruta and Charaka in 400–500 AD with type 1 associated with youth and type 2 with being overweight. Effective treatment was not developed until the early part of the 20th century when the Canadians Frederick Banting and Charles Best discovered insulin in 1921 and 1922. This was followed by the development of the long acting NPH insulin in the 1940s.In 1916, Elliot Joslin proposed that in people with diabetes, periods of fasting are helpful. Subsequent research has supported this, and weight loss is a first line treatment in type 2 diabetes. Research
Researchers developed the Diabetes Severity Score (DISSCO), a tool that might better than the standard blood test at identify if a persons condition is declining. It uses a computer algorithm to analyse data from anonymised electronic patient records and produces a score based on 34 indicators. References
Works cited
Kahn CR, Ferris HA, ONeill BT (2020). "Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus". Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (14 ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1349–1370. International Diabetes Federation (2021). IDF Diabetes Atlas (PDF) (10 ed.). ISBN 9782930229980. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
It may imitate, and is in turn imitated by, a number of other diseases that affect the blood vessels of the brain diffusely such as fibromuscular dysplasia and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Diagnosis
Cerebral angiography and magnetic resonance imaging, family medical history, symptoms, a complete physical examination, and ultimately biopsy of the brain, are often required for the diagnosis. Also, many lab tests must be done for the diagnosis; tests may reveal anemia (a shortage of red blood cells), a high white blood cell count, a high platelet count, allergic reactions, immune complexes, antibodies (tools the body uses to fight off threats) and elevation of inflammatory markers. Another crucial part in the diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis is the use of imaging techniques. Techniques such as conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to find and monitor cerebral involvement. Treatment
Treatment is first with many different high-dose steroids, namely glucocorticoids. Then, if symptoms do not improve additional immunosuppression such as cyclophosphamide are added to decrease the immune systems attack on the bodys own tissues. Cerebral vasculitis is a very rare condition that is difficult to diagnose, and as a result there are significant variations in the way it is diagnosed and treated. Specific Diseases
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)
(Also known as temporal arteritis)

Symptoms
Fever
general uneasiness
weight loss
inflammation of the muscles causing stiffness in the shoulders; neck; and/or upper arms
persisting headache
pain in the jaw or ear while eating
double vision
partial loss of vision or blind spots
(on rare occasions) stroke.