Areas near the cricoid cartilage and carina are fixed to the thyroid cartilage and the pericardium respectively; thus if the airways move, they can tear at these points of fixation.The third mechanism occurs when the chest is compressed from front to back, causing it to widen from side to side. The lungs adhere to the chest wall because of the negative pressure between them and the pleural membranes lining the inside of the chest cavity; thus when the chest widens, they are pulled apart. This creates tension at the carina; the airway tears if this tensile force exceeds its elasticity. This mechanism may be the cause of injury when the chest is crushed. Most TBI are probably due to a combination of these three mechanisms.When airways are damaged, air can escape from them and be trapped in the surrounding tissues in the neck (subcutaneous emphysema) and mediastinum (pneumomediastinum); if it builds up to high enough pressures there, it can compress the airways. Massive air leaks from a ruptured airway can also compromise the circulation by preventing blood from returning to the heart from the head and lower body; this causes a potentially deadly reduction in the amount of blood the heart is able to pump out. Blood and other fluids can build up in the airways, and the injury can interfere with the patency of the airway and interfere with its continuity.
Elapegademase, sold under the brand name Revcovi, is a medication for the treatment of the rare disease adenosine deaminase deficiency-SCID in children and adults.It is a recombinant enzyme that is administered weekly by intramuscular injection.Elapegademase may interact with PEGylated drugs.Elapegademase-lvlr was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018. Leadiant Biosciences was awarded a priority review voucher for its development under the pediatric rare diseases program. References
External links
"Elapegademase". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.