Expressive language disorder is a communication disorder in which there are difficulties with verbal and written expression. It is a specific language impairment characterized by an ability to use expressive spoken language that is markedly below the appropriate level for the mental age, but with a language comprehension that is within normal limits. There can be problems with vocabulary, producing complex sentences, and remembering words, and there may or may not be abnormalities in articulation.Careful diagnosis is also important because "atypical language development can be a secondary characteristic of other physical and developmental problems that may first manifest as language problems". Models of language production
Willem Levelt outlined the currently accepted theory of speech production. Words are produced after the concept waiting to be produced is conceptualized, related words are selected, encoded and the sound waves of speech are produced. Association with language networks
There is also a lot of debate about whether specific language impairments, such as expressive language disorder, are caused by deficits in grammar or by a deficit in processing language information. However, an alternative hypothesis to the cause of SLIs has been posited, called the Procedural Deficit Hypothesis. The Procedural Deficit Hypothesis opines that we can explain language impairments due to abnormal development of brain structures that are involved in procedural memory, our memories that remember how to perform different cognitive and motor tasks.
When the INPP5E gene is mutated, the protein is damaged and is unable to spread out along the cilia axoneme or interact with other stabilizing proteins. This inability to stabilize ones cilia axoneme results in MORM syndrome. The exact mechanism as to how the mutation in the INPP5E gene causes cilia instability is still not well understood. Diagnosis
MORM syndrome is a genetic disorder obtained through inheritance. The main method for testing individuals showing symptoms of MORM syndrome is sequence analysis of the entire coding region. When performing a sequence analysis of the entire coding region the gene INPP5E is targeted. Sequence analysis is the biotechnological process in which the structure and sequence of DNA, RNA, or protein sequence is determined through the use of technology. This sequence can be analyzed to determine mutations or abnormalities in that particular region. When testing for MORM syndrome, sequence analysis of the region of the genome which contains the gene INPP5E is targeted and examined to look for mutations. Management
References


== External links ==