[u]Round 1[/u]


[b]p1.[/b] When Shiqiao sells a bale of kale, he makes $x$ dollars, where $$x =\frac{1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8}{3 + 4 + 5 + 6}.$$ Find $x$.


[b]p2.[/b] The fraction of Shiqiao’s kale that has gone rotten is equal to $$\sqrt{ \frac{100^2}{99^2} -\frac{100}{99}}.$$
Find the fraction of Shiqiao’s kale that has gone rotten.


[b]p3.[/b] Shiqiao is growing kale. Each day the number of kale plants doubles, but $4$ of his kale plants die afterwards. He starts with $6$ kale plants. Find the number of kale plants Shiqiao has after five days.


[u]Round 2[/u]


[b]p4.[/b] Today the high is $68$ degrees Fahrenheit. If $C$ is the temperature in Celsius, the temperature in Fahrenheit is equal to $1.8C + 32$. Find the high today in Celsius.


[b]p5.[/b] The internal angles in Evan’s triangle are all at most $68$ degrees. Find the minimum number of degrees an angle of Evan’s triangle could measure.


[b]p6.[/b] Evan’s room is at $68$ degrees Fahrenheit. His thermostat has two buttons, one to increase the temperature by one degree, and one to decrease the temperature by one degree. Find the number of combinations of $10$ button presses Evan can make so that the temperature of his room never drops below $67$ degrees or rises above $69$ degrees.


[u]Round 3[/u]


[b]p7.[/b] In a digital version of the SAT, there are four spaces provided for either a digit $(0-9)$, a fraction sign $(\/)$, or a decimal point $(.)$. The answer must be in simplest form and at most one space can be a non-digit character. Determine the largest fraction which, when expressed in its simplest form, fits within this space, but whose exact decimal representation does not.


[b]p8.[/b] Rounding Rox picks a real number $x$. When she rounds x to the nearest hundred, its value increases by $2.71828$. If she had instead rounded $x$ to the nearest hundredth, its value would have decreased by $y$. Find $y$.


[b]p9.[/b] Let $a$ and $b$ be real numbers satisfying the system of equations $$\begin{cases}
a + \lfloor b \rfloor = 2.14 \\
\lfloor a \rfloor + b = 2.72 \end{cases}$$ Determine $a + b$.


[u]Round 4[/u]


[b]p10.[/b] Carol and Lily are playing a game with two unfair coins, both of which have a $1/4$ chance of landing on heads. They flip both coins. If they both land on heads, Lily loses the game, and if they both land on tails, Carol loses the game. If they land on different sides, Carol and Lily flip the coins again. They repeat this until someone loses the game. Find the probability that Lily loses the game.


[b]p11.[/b] Dongchen is carving a circular coin design. He carves a regular pentagon of side length $1$ such that all five vertices of the pentagon are on the rim of the coin. He then carves a circle inside the pentagon so that the circle is tangent to all five sides of the pentagon. Find the area of the region between the smaller circle and the rim of the coin.


[b]p12.[/b] Anthony flips a fair coin six times. Find the probability that at some point he flips $2$ heads in a row.


PS. You should use hide for answers. Rounds 5-8 have been posted [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3248731p29808147]here[/url]. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].
1. **Problem 4:**
   - Given the equation for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius: 
     \[
     F = 1.8C + 32
     \]
   - We need to find the Celsius temperature when \( F = 68 \):
     \[
     68 = 1.8C + 32
     \]
   - Subtract 32 from both sides:
     \[
     68 - 32 = 1.8C
     \]
     \[
     36 = 1.8C
     \]
   - Divide both sides by 1.8:
     \[
     C = \frac{36}{1.8} = 20
     \]
   - Therefore, the high today in Celsius is:
     \[
     \boxed{20}
     \]

2. **Problem 5:**
   - The sum of the internal angles of a triangle is always \(180^\circ\).
   - Given that all angles are at most \(68^\circ\), we can set two angles to \(68^\circ\) and find the third angle:
     \[
     180 - 68 - 68 = 44
     \]
   - Therefore, the minimum number of degrees an angle in Evan's triangle could measure is:
     \[
     \boxed{44}
     \]

3. **Problem 6:**
   - We need to find the number of combinations of 10 button presses such that the temperature never drops below \(67^\circ\) or rises above \(69^\circ\).
   - Define the double-move \(A\) as pressing up and then down, and the double-move \(B\) as pressing down and then up.
   - Note that \(A\) and \(B\) are the only legal double-moves and there are a total of 5 double-moves (since 10 presses / 2 = 5).
   - Each double-move can be either \(A\) or \(B\), so the number of combinations is:
     \[
     2^5 = 32
     \]
   - Therefore, the number of combinations is:
     \[
     \boxed{32}
     \]