Let $a_1,a_2,\ldots ,a_9$ be any non-negative numbers such that $a_1=a_9=0$ and at least one of the numbers is non-zero. Prove that for some $i$, $2\le i\le 8$, the inequality $a_{i-1}+a_{i+1}<2a_i$ holds. Will the statement remain true if we change the number $2$ in the last inequality to $1.9$?
To prove the given statement, we need to show that for some \(i\), \(2 \le i \le 8\), the inequality \(a_{i-1} + a_{i+1} < 2a_i\) holds. We will also investigate whether the statement remains true if we replace the number 2 with 1.9.

1. **Define the sequence and conditions:**
   Given \(a_1 = a_9 = 0\) and at least one of the numbers \(a_2, a_3, \ldots, a_8\) is non-zero. We need to show that there exists an \(i\) such that \(a_{i-1} + a_{i+1} < 2a_i\).

2. **Introduce the trigonometric substitution:**
   Define \(b_k = \frac{a_k}{\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(k-1)\right)}\) for \(k = 2, 3, \ldots, 8\). Additionally, set \(b_1 = b_2\) and \(b_9 = b_8\).

3. **Find the maximum \(b_k\):**
   Let \(\max(b_2, b_3, \ldots, b_8) = b_m\). This means \(b_m \ge b_k\) for all \(k\) in the range \(2 \le k \le 8\).

4. **Establish the inequality:**
   We need to show that \(a_{m-1} + a_{m+1} < 2a_m\). Using the trigonometric substitution, we have:
   \[
   a_m = b_m \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-1)\right)
   \]
   and
   \[
   a_{m-1} = b_{m-1} \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-2)\right), \quad a_{m+1} = b_{m+1} \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}m\right)
   \]

5. **Apply the trigonometric identity:**
   We use the identity for the sum of sines:
   \[
   \sin(x) + \sin(y) = 2 \cos\left(\frac{x-y}{2}\right) \sin\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)
   \]
   Specifically, for \(x = \frac{\pi}{8}(m-2)\) and \(y = \frac{\pi}{8}m\), we get:
   \[
   \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-2)\right) + \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}m\right) = 2 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right) \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-1)\right)
   \]

6. **Compare the expressions:**
   Since \(b_m \ge b_{m-1}\) and \(b_m \ge b_{m+1}\), we have:
   \[
   a_{m-1} + a_{m+1} = b_{m-1} \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-2)\right) + b_{m+1} \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}m\right)
   \]
   \[
   \le b_m \left(\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-2)\right) + \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}m\right)\right)
   \]
   \[
   = b_m \cdot 2 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right) \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{8}(m-1)\right)
   \]
   \[
   = 2 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right) a_m
   \]

7. **Conclude the inequality:**
   If \(a > 2 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right)\), then:
   \[
   a_{m-1} + a_{m+1} < a \cdot a_m
   \]
   Therefore, for \(a = 2\), the inequality \(a_{m-1} + a_{m+1} < 2a_m\) holds for some \(i\).

8. **Check for \(a = 1.9\):**
   Since \(1.9 > 2 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{8}\right) \approx 1.84775907\), the inequality \(a_{m-1} + a_{m+1} < 1.9a_m\) will also hold for some \(i\).

The final answer is \( \boxed{ a_{i-1} + a_{i+1} < 2a_i } \) and \(a_{i-1} + a_{i+1} < 1.9a_i\).