3. The difference between two numbers is 157, and their quotient is 2. Find these numbers.
3. From the condition that the quotient of the numbers is 2, it follows that the minuend is twice as large as the subtrahend. Then their difference equals the subtrahend, which means the subtrahend is the number 157, and the minuend is twice its size - 314.

Analytically, the solution can be presented as follows: from the second condition $a: b=2$ it follows that $a=2 b$. Using the first condition, we get:

$$
\begin{gathered}
a-b=157 \\
2 b-b=157 \\
b=157 \\
a=2 b=314
\end{gathered}
$$

Answer: 157 and 314.