8. (10 points) Among the three given phrases “尽心尽力”, “可拔山”, and “山穷水尽”, each Chinese character represents a number between 1 and 8, with the same character representing the same number and different characters representing different numbers. If the sum of the numbers represented by the characters in each phrase is 19, and “尽” $>$ “山” $>$ “力”, then the maximum value of “水” is $\qquad$
【Analysis】Through analysis, we can know:
From “尽心尽力” (exerting oneself to the utmost), “可拔山” (capable of moving mountains), and “山穷水尽” (reaching the end of one's resources), the sum of the numbers represented by the Chinese characters in each word is 19, which gives us the equations: 
$$
\left\{\begin{array}{l}
\text { 尽+心+尽+力=19(1) } \\
\text { 力+可+拔+山=19(2) } \\
\text { 山+穷+水+尽=19(3) }
\end{array}\right.
$$
We can get 3 尽 + 心 + 2 力 + 可 + 拔 + 2 山 + 穷 + 水 = 19 × 3 = 57
The sum of 1 to 8 is 36, so 2 尽 + 1 力 + 1 山 = 57 - 36 = 21. Comparing with (1), we get 山 - 心 = 2.
“尽” > “山” > “力”, “力” should be as large as possible, and “尽” should be as small as possible.
Assuming “力”, “山”, and “尽” are consecutive natural numbers, we have 2 (力 + 2) + 力 + 1 + 力 = 21
“力” is 4, at this time 山 = 5, 心 = 3, 尽 = 6;
(1) is satisfied: 6 + 3 + 6 + 4 = 19;
(3): 5 + 穷 + 水 + 6 = 19, at this time 水 is maximized to 7, 穷 is 1, to deduce (2):
(2): 4 + 可 + 拔 + 5 = 19, and now only 2 and 8 are left, which satisfies the condition. At this time, 水 is maximized to 7.

But at this time, 6 (尽), 4 (山), 5 (力), does not satisfy “尽” > “山” > “力”, so it does not meet the requirements. Therefore, the maximum value of 水 is 7.
According to this, the answer can be derived.
【Solution】Solution: From “尽心尽力” (exerting oneself to the utmost), “力可拔山” (capable of moving mountains), and “山穷水尽” (reaching the end of one's resources), the sum of the numbers represented by the Chinese characters in each word is 19,
We can get the equations:
$$
\left\{\begin{array}{l}
\text { 尽+心+尽+力=19(1) } \\
\text { 力+可+拔+山=19(2) } \\
\text { 山+穷+水+尽 }=19(3)
\end{array}\right.
$$
(1) + (2) + (3) gives:
3 尽 + 心 + 2 力 + 可 + 拔 + 2 山 + 穷 + 水 = 19 × 3 = 57
The sum of 1 to 8 is 36,
So 2 尽 + 1 力 + 1 山 = 57 - 36 = 21, comparing with (1) gives 山 - 心 = 2.
“尽” > “山” > “力”, “力” should be as large as possible, and “尽” should be as small as possible,
Assuming “力”, “山”, and “尽” are consecutive natural numbers, we have 2 (力 + 2) + 力 + 1 + 力 = 21
“力” is 4, at this time 山 = 5, 心 = 3, 尽 = 6;
(1) is satisfied: 6 + 3 + 6 + 4 = 19;
(3): 5 + 穷 + 水 + 6 = 19, at this time 水 is maximized to 7, 穷 is 1, to deduce (2):
(2): 4 + 可 + 拔 + 5 = 19, and now only 2 and 8 are left, which satisfies the condition. At this time, 水 is maximized to 7.

But at this time, 6 (尽), 4 (山), 5 (力), does not satisfy “尽” > “山” > “力”, so it does not meet the requirements. Therefore, the maximum value of 水 is 7.

The answer is: 7.