If number $\overline{aaaa}$ is divided by $\overline{bb}$, the quotient is a number between $140$ and $160$ inclusively, and the remainder is equal to $\overline{(a-b)(a-b)}$. Find all pairs of positive integers $(a,b)$ that satisfy this.
1. Given the number $\overline{aaaa}$, which can be written as $1111a$, and the number $\overline{bb}$, which can be written as $11b$, we are given that the quotient of $\frac{1111a}{11b}$ is between $140$ and $160$ inclusively. The remainder of this division is given by $\overline{(a-b)(a-b)} = 11(a-b)$.

2. The division can be expressed as:
   \[
   \frac{1111a}{11b} = \frac{101a}{b}
   \]
   Let $q$ be the quotient and $r$ be the remainder. Then:
   \[
   1111a = 11bq + 11(a-b)
   \]
   Simplifying, we get:
   \[
   101a = bq + a - b
   \]
   Rearranging, we obtain:
   \[
   101a - a + b = bq \implies 100a + b = bq \implies q = \frac{100a + b}{b}
   \]
   Since $q$ is an integer, $b$ must divide $100a$. Therefore:
   \[
   b \mid 100a
   \]

3. We are also given that:
   \[
   140 < \frac{101a}{b} < 160
   \]
   This can be rewritten as:
   \[
   140b < 101a < 160b
   \]
   Dividing through by $101$, we get:
   \[
   \frac{140b}{101} < a < \frac{160b}{101}
   \]

4. Since $a$ is a digit (1 through 9), we have:
   \[
   \frac{140b}{101} < 9
   \]
   Solving for $b$, we get:
   \[
   b < \frac{909}{140} \approx 6.5
   \]
   Therefore, $b$ can be $1, 2, 3, 4, 5,$ or $6$.

5. We now check each possible value of $b$ to see if it satisfies both conditions:
   - For $b = 1$:
     \[
     1 < \frac{140}{101} < a < \frac{160}{101} < 2
     \]
     No integer $a$ satisfies this.

   - For $b = 2$:
     \[
     \frac{280}{101} < a < \frac{320}{101} \implies 2.77 < a < 3.17 \implies a = 3
     \]
     Check if $b = 2$ divides $100a = 300$: Yes.

   - For $b = 3$:
     \[
     \frac{420}{101} < a < \frac{480}{101} \implies 4.16 < a < 4.75 \implies a = 4
     \]
     Check if $b = 3$ divides $100a = 400$: No.

   - For $b = 4$:
     \[
     \frac{560}{101} < a < \frac{640}{101} \implies 5.54 < a < 6.34 \implies a = 6
     \]
     Check if $b = 4$ divides $100a = 600$: Yes.

   - For $b = 5$:
     \[
     \frac{700}{101} < a < \frac{800}{101} \implies 6.93 < a < 7.92 \implies a = 7
     \]
     Check if $b = 5$ divides $100a = 700$: Yes.

   - For $b = 6$:
     \[
     \frac{840}{101} < a < \frac{960}{101} \implies 8.32 < a < 9.50 \implies a = 9
     \]
     Check if $b = 6$ divides $100a = 900$: Yes.

6. Therefore, the pairs $(a, b)$ that satisfy the given conditions are:
   \[
   (3, 2), (6, 4), (7, 5), (9, 6)
   \]

The final answer is \( \boxed{ (3, 2), (6, 4), (7, 5), (9, 6) } \)