(B.Frenkin, A.Zaslavsky) A convex quadrilateral was drawn on the blackboard. Boris marked the centers of four excircles each touching one side of the quadrilateral and the extensions of two adjacent sides. After this, Alexey erased the quadrilateral. Can Boris define its perimeter?
1. Let \(ABCD\) be a convex quadrilateral. Denote the centers of the excircles as \(O_1, O_2, O_3, O_4\). Each excircle touches one side of the quadrilateral and the extensions of two adjacent sides.
2. Define the excircles as follows:
   - \(O_1\) is the center of the excircle touching \(AB\) at \(K_1\), the extension of \(BC\) at \(N_1\), and the extension of \(DA\) at \(M_1\).
   - \(O_2\) is the center of the excircle touching \(BC\) at \(K_2\), the extension of \(CD\) at \(N_2\), and the extension of \(AB\) at \(M_2\).
   - \(O_3\) is the center of the excircle touching \(CD\) at \(K_3\), the extension of \(DA\) at \(N_3\), and the extension of \(BC\) at \(M_3\).
   - \(O_4\) is the center of the excircle touching \(DA\) at \(K_4\), the extension of \(AB\) at \(N_4\), and the extension of \(CD\) at \(M_4\).
3. Let \(R_1, R_2, R_3, R_4\) be the radii of the excircles centered at \(O_1, O_2, O_3, O_4\) respectively.
4. Let \(s\) be the semiperimeter of \(ABCD\).

We have the following equalities:
\[ N_1M_3 = M_1N_3 = N_4M_2 = M_4N_2 = s \]
\[ K_1N_4 = M_1K_4 = K_2M_3 = N_2K_3 = a \]
\[ a^2 = O_1O_4^2 - (R_1 + R_4)^2 = O_2O_3^2 - (R_2 + R_3)^2 \]
\[ K_2N_1 = M_2K_1 = K_3M_4 = N_3K_4 = b \]
\[ b^2 = O_2O_1^2 - (R_2 + R_1)^2 = O_3O_4^2 - (R_3 + R_4)^2 \]

From these, we derive:
\[ O_1O_4^2 - O_2O_3^2 = (R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + R_4)((R_1 - R_3) - (R_2 - R_4)) \]
\[ O_2O_1^2 - O_3O_4^2 = (R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + R_4)((R_1 - R_3) + (R_2 - R_4)) \]

Additionally, we have:
\[ O_1O_3^2 = s^2 + (R_1 - R_3)^2 \]
\[ O_2O_4^2 = s^2 + (R_2 - R_4)^2 \]

Combining these equations, we can solve for \(s^2\):
\[ s^2 = \frac{1}{2}(O_1O_3^2 + O_2O_4^2) - \frac{1}{4}(O_1O_3^2 - O_2O_4^2)\left(\frac{O_2O_3^2 - O_1O_4^2}{O_3O_4^2 - O_2O_1^2} + \frac{O_3O_4^2 - O_2O_1^2}{O_2O_3^2 - O_1O_4^2}\right) \]

Thus, Boris can determine the semiperimeter \(s\) of the quadrilateral from the distances between the centers of the excircles. The perimeter \(P\) of the quadrilateral is then \(2s\).

The final answer is \( \boxed{ P = 2s } \).