In the xy-plane, what is the length of the shortest path from $(0,0)$ to $(12,16)$ that does not go inside the circle $(x-6)^{2}+(y-8)^{2}= 25$?
$\text{(A)}\ 10\sqrt 3\qquad\text{(B)}\ 10\sqrt 5\qquad\text{(C)}\ 10\sqrt 3+\frac{ 5\pi}{3}\qquad\text{(D)}\ 40\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\qquad\text{(E)}\ 10+5\pi$
The pathway from $A(0,0)$ to $D(12,16)$ will consist of three segments:
1)  $\overline{AB}$, where $AB$ is tangent to the circle at point $B$.
2)  $\overline{CD}$, where $CD$ is tangent to the circle at point $C$.
3)  $\widehat {BC}$, where $BC$ is an arc around the circle.
The actual path will go $A \rightarrow B \rightarrow C \rightarrow D$, so the actual segments will be in order $1, 3, 2$.
Let $O$ be the center of the circle at $(6,8)$.
$OA = 10$ and $OB = 5$ since $B$ is on the circle.  Since $\triangle OAB$ is a right triangle with right angle $B$, we find that $AB = \sqrt{10^2 - 5^2} = 5\sqrt{3}$.  This means that $\triangle OAB$ is a $30-60-90$ triangle with sides $5:5\sqrt{3}:10$.
Thus, $\angle DOC = 60^\circ$, and $\angle AOB = 60^\circ$.  Since $\angle AOB$, $\angle DOC$ and $\angle BOC$ lie on a straight line, $\angle BOC$ must be $60^\circ$ as well.  Thus, the arc that we travel is a $60^\circ$ arc, and we travel $\frac{C}{6} = \frac{2\pi r}{6} = \frac{2\pi \cdot 5}{6} = \frac{5\pi}{3}$ around the circle.
Thus, $AB = 5\sqrt{3}$, $\widehat {BC} = \frac{5\pi}{3}$, and ${CD} = 5\sqrt{3}$.  The total distance is $10\sqrt{3} + \frac{5\pi}{3}$, which is option $\boxed{C}$.