Determine all (not necessarily finite) sets $S$ of points in the plane such that given any four distinct points in $S$, there is a circle passing through all four or a line passing through some three.

[i]Carl Lian.[/i]
1. **Case 1: \( |S| \leq 3 \)**
   - If \( S \) has size \( 0, 1, 2, \) or \( 3 \), it satisfies the condition vacuously because there are not enough points to form a set of four distinct points.

2. **Case 2: \( |S| \geq 4 \)**
   - We will use the notation \((WXYZ)\) to denote the result of applying the condition to points \( W, X, Y, Z \).

3. **Subcase 2.1: Four points \( A, B, C, D \in S \) are concyclic**
   - Suppose there are four points \( A, B, C, D \in S \) which are concyclic. If there is a fifth point \( E \) on the same circle, all points must lie on this circle. To see this, consider any other point \( F \) not on the circle.
     - \((FABC)\) forces, WLOG, \( F \in AB \).
     - \((FCDE)\) forces, WLOG, \( F \in CD \).
     - Finally, \((FBDE)\) gives \( F \in BD \) or, WLOG, \( F \in BE \).
     - In the first case, \( F \in AB \) and \( F \in BD \) so \( F \equiv B \); in the second, \( F \in AB \) and \( F \in BE \) so \( F \equiv B \). Either way, contradiction.

4. **Subcase 2.2: Four points \( A, B, C, D \) are concyclic and the only four points of \( S \) on their circumcircle**
   - Consider a fifth point \( E \).
     - \((ABCE)\), \((ABDE)\), \((ACDE)\), \((BCDE)\) force \( E \) to be the intersection of the two lines joining two pairs of the points \(\{A, B, C, D\}\); that is \( E \) is one of \( AB \cap CD \), \( AC \cap BD \), \( AD \cap BC \).
     - Any of these work and prohibit a sixth point \( F \); WLOG suppose \( E = AB \cap CD \) so that \( F \) is either \( AC \cap BD \) or \( AD \cap BC \).
     - In the first case, \((FADE)\) yields (using the fact that \( E, F \not \in AD \)) either \( E, F, A \) or \( E, F, D \) collinear. Yet \( E \) and \( F \) lie on different lines through \( A, D \), contradiction. The second case follows analogously, this time looking at \((FACE)\).

5. **Subcase 2.3: No four points of \( S \) are concyclic**
   - In particular, since \( |S| \ge 4 \), some three of them \( A, B, C \) are collinear.
     - When there are exactly \( 0 \) or \( 1 \) points in \( S \) not on this line, the condition is clearly satisfied.
     - If there are two or more ( \( D \) and \( E \) ), then \((ABDE)\) forces, WLOG, either \( D \in AB \) or \( A \in DE \).
     - The first case contradicts the fact that \( D \) is not on line \( ABC \), so \( A \in DE \) and \( A \in ABC \) meaning \( A = ABC \cap DE \).
     - Now \((BCDE)\) gives the desired contradiction.

In conclusion, \( S \) can be:
- Any collection of points on a single circle,
- Any set of four concyclic points \( A, B, C, D \) together with exactly one of the points \( AB \cap CD, AC \cap BD, AD \cap BC \),
- Any collection of points from a single line together with at most one point not on that line (note any set \( S \) of size at most \( 3 \) is covered here as well).

The final answer is \( \boxed{ S } \) can be any collection of points on a single circle, any set of four concyclic points \( A, B, C, D \) together with exactly one of the points \( AB \cap CD, AC \cap BD, AD \cap BC \), or any collection of points from a single line together with at most one point not on that line.