Do there exist positive integers $a>b>1$ such that for each positive integer $k$ there exists a positive integer $n$ for which $an+b$ is a $k$-th power of a positive integer?
To determine whether there exist positive integers \(a > b > 1\) such that for each positive integer \(k\), there exists a positive integer \(n\) for which \(an + b\) is a \(k\)-th power of a positive integer, we can analyze specific examples and generalize the findings.

1. **Example with \(a = 6\) and \(b = 4\):**
   - We need to show that for any positive integer \(k\), there exists a positive integer \(n\) such that \(6n + 4\) is a \(k\)-th power.
   - Consider \(6n + 4 = m^k\) for some integer \(m\).
   - Rearrange to find \(n\):
     \[
     6n = m^k - 4 \implies n = \frac{m^k - 4}{6}
     \]
   - We need \(n\) to be a positive integer, so \(m^k - 4\) must be divisible by 6.
   - Notice that \(4^k \equiv 4 \pmod{6}\) for all \(k \geq 2\). This is because:
     \[
     4^1 \equiv 4 \pmod{6}, \quad 4^2 = 16 \equiv 4 \pmod{6}, \quad 4^3 = 64 \equiv 4 \pmod{6}, \quad \text{and so on.}
     \]
   - Therefore, if we choose \(m = 4\), then \(4^k - 4\) is always divisible by 6, and \(n = \frac{4^k - 4}{6}\) is a positive integer.

2. **Example with \(a = 10\) and \(b = 5\):**
   - We need to show that for any positive integer \(k\), there exists a positive integer \(n\) such that \(10n + 5\) is a \(k\)-th power.
   - Consider \(10n + 5 = m^k\) for some integer \(m\).
   - Rearrange to find \(n\):
     \[
     10n = m^k - 5 \implies n = \frac{m^k - 5}{10}
     \]
   - We need \(n\) to be a positive integer, so \(m^k - 5\) must be divisible by 10.
   - Notice that all \(k\)-th powers of 5 end in 5, i.e., \(5^k \equiv 5 \pmod{10}\) for all \(k\). This is because:
     \[
     5^1 \equiv 5 \pmod{10}, \quad 5^2 = 25 \equiv 5 \pmod{10}, \quad 5^3 = 125 \equiv 5 \pmod{10}, \quad \text{and so on.}
     \]
   - Therefore, if we choose \(m = 5\), then \(5^k - 5\) is always divisible by 10, and \(n = \frac{5^k - 5}{10}\) is a positive integer.

From these examples, we see that there do exist pairs \((a, b)\) such that for each positive integer \(k\), there exists a positive integer \(n\) for which \(an + b\) is a \(k\)-th power of a positive integer.

The final answer is \( \boxed{ (a, b) = (6, 4) } \) or \((a, b) = (10, 5)\).