Let $n>1$ be a positive integer and $d_1<d_2<\dots<d_m$ be its $m$ positive divisors, including $1$ and $n$. Lalo writes the following $2m$ numbers on a board:
\[d_1,d_2\dots, d_m,d_1+d_2,d_2+d_3,\dots,d_{m-1}+d_m,N \]
where $N$ is a positive integer. Afterwards, Lalo erases any number that is repeated (for example, if a number appears twice, he erases one of them). Finally, Lalo realizes that the numbers left on the board are exactly all the divisors of $N$. Find all possible values that $n$ can take.
1. Let \( n > 1 \) be a positive integer and \( d_1 < d_2 < \dots < d_m \) be its \( m \) positive divisors, including \( 1 \) and \( n \). Lalo writes the following \( 2m \) numbers on a board:
   \[
   d_1, d_2, \dots, d_m, d_1 + d_2, d_2 + d_3, \dots, d_{m-1} + d_m, N
   \]
   where \( N \) is a positive integer. Afterwards, Lalo erases any number that is repeated. Finally, Lalo realizes that the numbers left on the board are exactly all the divisors of \( N \).

2. We need to find all possible values that \( n \) can take. The solution claims that the answer is all powers of \( 2 \).

3. Let \( p \) be the smallest prime dividing \( n \). Note that \( n(p+1) \mid Np \) and \( n \mid N \), leading to \( n(p+1) \mid N \). This implies that \( N = kn(p+1) \) for some positive integer \( k \).

4. Let \( q \) be the smallest prime dividing \( N \). The largest number written on the board other than \( N \) must be \( N/q \). Therefore, \( N/q = n(1 + 1/p) \), which implies \( q = kp \).

5. Since both \( p \) and \( q \) are primes, we obtain \( p = q \) and \( k = 1 \). Thus, \( N = n(p+1) \).

6. It is clear that \( p = 2 \) now, since otherwise \( N \) would be even and \( q = 2 \neq p \), which is a contradiction. At this point, we are done.

7. We claim that all the solutions are \( (n, N) = (2^u, 3 \cdot 2^u) \) for positive integers \( u \). Suppose that \( p \) is the smallest odd prime dividing \( n \). Let \( i \) be such that \( d_i = p \). Note that \( d_{i-1} = 2^v \) for some \( v > 0 \).

8. Now we know that \( \frac{n}{p} + \frac{n}{2^v} \mid 3n \), from which it follows that \( p + 2^v \mid 3 \). This is impossible since the left-hand side always exceeds \( 3 \). Hence, such a \( p \) does not exist, and we have \( n = 2^u \).

9. It is easy to see that all such \( n \) work.

\(\blacksquare\)

The final answer is \( \boxed{ n = 2^u } \) for positive integers \( u \).