There's a tape with $n^2$ cells labeled by $1,2,\ldots,n^2$. Suppose that $x,y$ are two distinct positive integers less than or equal to $n$. We want to color the cells of the tape such that any two cells with label difference of $x$ or $y$ have different colors. Find the minimum number of colors needed to do so.
To solve the problem, we need to find the minimum number of colors required to color the cells of a tape such that any two cells with a label difference of \(x\) or \(y\) have different colors. We will consider different cases based on the properties of \(x\) and \(y\).

### Case 1: \(x\) and \(y\) are odd
If both \(x\) and \(y\) are odd, we can use a simple coloring scheme based on the parity of the cell labels. 

1. For every cell \(t\), if \(t \equiv 0 \pmod{2}\), color it \(A\).
2. Otherwise, color it \(B\).

This works because the difference between any two even numbers or any two odd numbers is even, and the difference between an even number and an odd number is odd. Since \(x\) and \(y\) are both odd, the difference between any two cells with a label difference of \(x\) or \(y\) will be even, ensuring they have different colors.

### Case 2: \(v_2(x) = v_2(y) = k\)
Here, \(v_2(x)\) and \(v_2(y)\) denote the highest power of 2 dividing \(x\) and \(y\), respectively. If \(v_2(x) = v_2(y) = k\), then \(x\) and \(y\) can be written as \(x = 2^k \cdot x'\) and \(y = 2^k \cdot y'\), where \(x'\) and \(y'\) are odd.

1. Let \(S_t\) be the set of numbers such that for every \(a \in S_t\), \(a \equiv t \pmod{2^k}\).
2. Since \(\frac{x}{2^k}\) and \(\frac{y}{2^k}\) are odd, we can color the numbers in each set \(S_t\) using the same method as in Case 1.

### Case 3: \(v_2(x) \neq v_2(y)\)
If the highest powers of 2 dividing \(x\) and \(y\) are different, we need to consider the least common multiple (LCM) of \(x\) and \(y\).

1. Let \(M = \text{lcm}(x, y)\). Note that \(M \leq xy \leq n(n-1)\), so \(M + 1\) exists.
2. Since \(v_2\left(\frac{M}{x}\right) \neq v_2\left(\frac{M}{y}\right)\), by parity, we cannot use only 2 colors. However, 3 colors are sufficient because for every cell \(t\) on the tape, we have 3 color options, and at most 2 of them will be unavailable due to the constraints.

Thus, the minimum number of colors needed is 3.

The final answer is \(\boxed{3}\).