2. (4p) a) The cost of a blouse represents $30 \%$ of the cost of a dress, and $7.5 \%$ of the cost of a coat. What percent does the cost of the dress represent of the cost of the coat?

(3p) b) At a store, the price of a product increased by $25 \%$, then it was reduced by p\%, returning to the initial price. What percent does the reduction represent?

Doina Negrilă
2. a) $b=\frac{30}{100} \cdot r, b=\frac{7.5}{100} \cdot p$

$\frac{30}{100} \cdot r=\frac{7.5}{100} \cdot p$

$\frac{r}{p}=\frac{1}{4} \Rightarrow$ the price of the dress is $25 \%$ of the price of the coat

b) If $x$ is the initial price of the product, the price after the increase is:

$x+\frac{25}{100} \cdot x=\frac{125}{100} \cdot x=\frac{5}{4} \cdot x$

$\frac{5}{4} \cdot x-\frac{p}{100} \cdot \frac{5}{4} \cdot x=x$

Solution: $p \%=20 \%$