What is the largest factor of $130000$ that does not contain the digit $0$ or $5$?
1. First, we factorize \(130000\):
   \[
   130000 = 2^4 \cdot 5^4 \cdot 13
   \]
2. We need to find the largest factor of \(130000\) that does not contain the digit \(0\) or \(5\). If the factor is a multiple of \(5\), it will end in \(0\) or \(5\), which is not allowed. Therefore, we exclude any factors that include \(5\) in their prime factorization.

3. We are left with the factors of \(2^4 \cdot 13\):
   \[
   2^4 \cdot 13 = 208
   \]
   However, \(208\) contains the digit \(0\), so it is not allowed.

4. Next, we check the smaller factors of \(2^4 \cdot 13\):
   \[
   2^3 \cdot 13 = 104
   \]
   \(104\) also contains the digit \(0\), so it is not allowed.

5. Continuing, we check:
   \[
   2^2 \cdot 13 = 52
   \]
   \(52\) contains the digit \(5\), so it is not allowed.

6. Finally, we check:
   \[
   2 \cdot 13 = 26
   \]
   \(26\) does not contain the digit \(0\) or \(5\), so it is allowed.

Conclusion:
\[
\boxed{26}
\]