1. In the drawer, there are 23 socks: 8 white and 15 black. Every minute, Marina approaches the drawer and pulls out a sock. If at any moment Marina pulls out more black socks than white ones, she exclaims: "Finally!" - and ends the process.

What is the maximum number of socks Marina can pull out before she exclaims: "Finally!"? The answer should include the last sock that Marina pulled out.
Answer: 17.

Solution: If Marina takes out 17 socks, then among them there will be no more than 8 white ones, which means there will be at least 9 black ones. Therefore, at this moment, she will definitely exclaim, "Finally!"

On the other hand, if she takes out only 16 socks, she might be unlucky: if she sequentially takes out a white sock, a black sock, a white sock, a black sock, .... In this situation, after each even-numbered sock, there will be an equal number of black and white socks, and after each odd-numbered sock, there will be more white ones.

Comment: Another example of when Marina might be unlucky: if she first takes out 8 white socks, and then 8 black ones.