Foxes, wolves and bears arranged a big rabbit hunt. There were $45$ hunters catching $2008$ rabbits. 
Every fox caught $59$ rabbits, every wolf $41$ rabbits and every bear $40$ rabbits. 
How many foxes, wolves and bears were there in the hunting company?
To solve this problem, we need to set up a system of equations based on the given information. Let's denote:
- \( x \) as the number of wolves,
- \( y \) as the number of foxes,
- \( z \) as the number of bears.

We are given the following information:
1. The total number of hunters is 45.
2. The total number of rabbits caught is 2008.
3. Each fox caught 59 rabbits.
4. Each wolf caught 41 rabbits.
5. Each bear caught 40 rabbits.

From this information, we can set up the following system of equations:

1. The total number of hunters:
\[ x + y + z = 45 \]

2. The total number of rabbits caught:
\[ 41x + 59y + 40z = 2008 \]

We need to solve this system of equations to find the values of \( x \), \( y \), and \( z \).

Step 1: Simplify the second equation.
We can rewrite the second equation as:
\[ 41x + 59y + 40z = 2008 \]

Step 2: Express one variable in terms of the others using the first equation.
From the first equation:
\[ z = 45 - x - y \]

Step 3: Substitute \( z \) in the second equation.
\[ 41x + 59y + 40(45 - x - y) = 2008 \]
\[ 41x + 59y + 1800 - 40x - 40y = 2008 \]
\[ x + 19y + 1800 = 2008 \]
\[ x + 19y = 208 \]

Step 4: Solve the simplified system of equations.
We now have:
\[ x + y + z = 45 \]
\[ x + 19y = 208 \]

Step 5: Solve for \( x \) in terms of \( y \).
From the second equation:
\[ x = 208 - 19y \]

Step 6: Substitute \( x \) back into the first equation.
\[ (208 - 19y) + y + z = 45 \]
\[ 208 - 18y + z = 45 \]
\[ z = 45 - 208 + 18y \]
\[ z = 18y - 163 \]

Step 7: Ensure \( x \), \( y \), and \( z \) are non-negative integers.
Since \( z \) must be a non-negative integer:
\[ 18y - 163 \geq 0 \]
\[ 18y \geq 163 \]
\[ y \geq \frac{163}{18} \]
\[ y \geq 9.055 \]

Since \( y \) must be an integer, the smallest possible value for \( y \) is 10.

Step 8: Check the values of \( x \), \( y \), and \( z \).
If \( y = 10 \):
\[ x = 208 - 19 \cdot 10 = 208 - 190 = 18 \]
\[ z = 18 \cdot 10 - 163 = 180 - 163 = 17 \]

Thus, the number of foxes, wolves, and bears are:
- Foxes (\( y \)) = 10
- Wolves (\( x \)) = 18
- Bears (\( z \)) = 17

The final answer is \( \boxed{10 \text{ foxes}, 18 \text{ wolves}, 17 \text{ bears}} \).