Calvin makes a number. He starts with $1$, and on each move, he multiplies his current number by $3$, then adds $5$. After $10$ moves, find the sum of the digits (in base $10$) when Calvin's resulting number is expressed in base $9$.

[i]Proposed by Calvin Wang [/i]
1. Let's denote the number Calvin makes after $n$ moves as $a_n$. Initially, $a_0 = 1$.
2. The recurrence relation for the sequence is given by:
   \[
   a_{n+1} = 3a_n + 5
   \]
3. We need to find the value of $a_{10}$ after 10 moves. To do this, we will solve the recurrence relation.

4. First, let's find the general form of the sequence. We can solve the recurrence relation using the method of characteristic equations. The homogeneous part of the recurrence relation is:
   \[
   a_{n+1} = 3a_n
   \]
   The characteristic equation is:
   \[
   r = 3
   \]
   So, the general solution to the homogeneous equation is:
   \[
   a_n^{(h)} = C \cdot 3^n
   \]
   where $C$ is a constant.

5. For the particular solution, we assume a constant solution $a_n^{(p)} = A$. Substituting into the non-homogeneous recurrence relation:
   \[
   A = 3A + 5
   \]
   Solving for $A$:
   \[
   A - 3A = 5 \implies -2A = 5 \implies A = -\frac{5}{2}
   \]

6. The general solution to the recurrence relation is:
   \[
   a_n = a_n^{(h)} + a_n^{(p)} = C \cdot 3^n - \frac{5}{2}
   \]

7. Using the initial condition $a_0 = 1$:
   \[
   1 = C \cdot 3^0 - \frac{5}{2} \implies 1 = C - \frac{5}{2} \implies C = \frac{7}{2}
   \]

8. Therefore, the solution to the recurrence relation is:
   \[
   a_n = \frac{7}{2} \cdot 3^n - \frac{5}{2}
   \]

9. We need to find $a_{10}$:
   \[
   a_{10} = \frac{7}{2} \cdot 3^{10} - \frac{5}{2}
   \]
   \[
   a_{10} = \frac{7 \cdot 3^{10} - 5}{2}
   \]

10. Calculate $3^{10}$:
    \[
    3^{10} = 59049
    \]
    \[
    a_{10} = \frac{7 \cdot 59049 - 5}{2} = \frac{413343 - 5}{2} = \frac{413338}{2} = 206669
    \]

11. Now, we need to convert $206669$ from base $10$ to base $9$. We do this by repeatedly dividing by $9$ and recording the remainders:
    \[
    206669 \div 9 = 22963 \quad \text{remainder} \ 2
    \]
    \[
    22963 \div 9 = 2551 \quad \text{remainder} \ 4
    \]
    \[
    2551 \div 9 = 283 \quad \text{remainder} \ 4
    \]
    \[
    283 \div 9 = 31 \quad \text{remainder} \ 4
    \]
    \[
    31 \div 9 = 3 \quad \text{remainder} \ 4
    \]
    \[
    3 \div 9 = 0 \quad \text{remainder} \ 3
    \]

    So, $206669_{10} = 344442_{9}$.

12. Finally, we sum the digits of $344442_{9}$:
    \[
    3 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 2 = 21
    \]

The final answer is $\boxed{21}$.