1. Petrov and Vasechkin were repairing a fence. Each had to nail a certain number of boards (the same amount). Petrov nailed two nails into some boards and three nails into others. Vasechkin nailed three nails into some boards and five nails into the rest. Find out how many boards each of them nailed, given that Petrov nailed 87 nails, and Vasechkin nailed 94.
Answer: 30.

Solution: If Petrov had nailed 2 nails into each board, he would have nailed 43 boards and had one extra nail. If he had nailed 3 nails into each board, he would have nailed 29 boards. Therefore, the desired number lies between 29 and 43 (inclusive). Similarly, if Vasechkin had nailed 3 nails into each board, he would have nailed 31 boards and had 1 extra nail, and if he had nailed 5 nails into each board, he would have nailed 18 boards and had 4 extra nails. This means there were 29, 30, or 31 boards. Note that Vasechkin nailed an odd number of nails into each board, so the number of boards must be even - 30.