In a school there are $1200$ students. Each student is part of exactly $k$ clubs. For any $23$ students, they are part of a common club. Finally, there is no club to which all students belong. Find the smallest possible value of $k$.
1. **Understanding the Problem:**
   - There are 1200 students.
   - Each student is part of exactly \( k \) clubs.
   - Any group of 23 students shares at least one common club.
   - No club includes all 1200 students.
   - We need to find the smallest possible value of \( k \).

2. **Constructing an Example for \( k = 23 \):**
   - Consider 24 clubs \( c_1, c_2, \ldots, c_{24} \).
   - Assign students \( S_1, S_2, \ldots, S_{1200} \) such that student \( S_i \) belongs to all clubs except \( c_j \) where \( i \equiv j \pmod{24} \).
   - This means each student is in 23 clubs (since they are excluded from exactly one club).

3. **Verifying the Example:**
   - For any group of 23 students, at least one club cannot be excluded by all of them.
   - Since there are 24 clubs and each student is excluded from exactly one club, in any group of 23 students, at least one club will be included by all 23 students.
   - This satisfies the condition that any 23 students share at least one common club.

4. **Proving \( k \leq 22 \) is Impossible:**
   - Assume \( k \leq 22 \).
   - Take two students \( S_i \) and \( S_j \) who share at most 21 clubs.
   - Define \( c_1, c_2, \ldots, c_{21} \) as the common clubs between \( S_i \) and \( S_j \).
   - Consider the following 21 students:
     - The student who does not belong to \( c_1 \).
     - The student who does not belong to \( c_2 \).
     - ...
     - The student who does not belong to \( c_{21} \).
   - Add \( S_i \) and \( S_j \) to this list to form a group of 23 students.
   - These 23 students do not share a common club because each of the 21 clubs \( c_1, c_2, \ldots, c_{21} \) is missing at least one student from this group.
   - This contradicts the given condition that any 23 students share at least one common club.

5. **Conclusion:**
   - The smallest possible value of \( k \) that satisfies all conditions is \( k = 23 \).

The final answer is \( \boxed{23} \).