3. (35 points) Journalists have found out that

a) in the lineage of Tsar Pafnuty, all descendants are male: the tsar himself had 2 sons, 60 of his descendants also had 2 sons each, and 20 had 1 son each;

b) in the lineage of Tsar Zinovy, all descendants are female: the tsar himself had 4 daughters, 35 of his descendants had 3 daughters each, and another 35 had 1 daughter each.

The rest of the descendants of both tsars had no children. Who had more descendants?
Answer: At Zinovy.

Solution. We need to find the total number of children in the lineage of Pafnuty, including the children of the king himself. It is equal to $60 \cdot 2+20 \cdot 1+2=142$. The total number of children in the lineage of King Zinovy is $4+35 \cdot 3+35 \cdot 1=144$.