A tetrahedron with four equilateral triangular faces has a sphere inscribed within it and a sphere circumscribed about it. For each of the four faces, there is a sphere tangent externally to the face at its center and to the circumscribed sphere. A point $ P$ is selected at random inside the circumscribed sphere. The probability that $ P$ lies inside one of the five small spheres is closest to

$ \textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad 
\textbf{(B)}\ 0.1\qquad 
\textbf{(C)}\ 0.2\qquad 
\textbf{(D)}\ 0.3\qquad 
\textbf{(E)}\ 0.4$
1. **Define Variables and Relationships:**
   Let \( h \) be the height of the tetrahedron, \( K \) be the area of one face of the tetrahedron, \( r \) be the length of the inradius, and \( R \) be the length of the circumradius. We know that:
   \[
   r + R = h
   \]
   The radius of one of the four smaller spheres tangent to a face and the circumscribed sphere is:
   \[
   \frac{R - r}{2}
   \]

2. **Volume of the Tetrahedron:**
   The volume \( V \) of the tetrahedron can be expressed as:
   \[
   V = \frac{1}{3} K h
   \]
   The volume can also be expressed in terms of the inradius \( r \):
   \[
   V = 4 \left( \frac{1}{3} K r \right)
   \]
   Equating the two expressions for volume, we get:
   \[
   \frac{1}{3} K h = 4 \left( \frac{1}{3} K r \right)
   \]
   Simplifying, we find:
   \[
   h = 4r \implies r = \frac{h}{4}
   \]

3. **Determine the Circumradius \( R \):**
   Using the relationship \( r + R = h \):
   \[
   \frac{h}{4} + R = h \implies R = h - \frac{h}{4} = \frac{3h}{4}
   \]

4. **Radius of the Smaller Spheres:**
   The radius of one of the four smaller spheres is:
   \[
   \frac{R - r}{2} = \frac{\frac{3h}{4} - \frac{h}{4}}{2} = \frac{\frac{2h}{4}}{2} = \frac{h}{4}
   \]

5. **Volume of the Spheres:**
   - Volume of the circumscribed sphere:
     \[
     V_{\text{circumscribed}} = \frac{4}{3} \pi R^3 = \frac{4}{3} \pi \left( \frac{3h}{4} \right)^3 = \frac{4}{3} \pi \left( \frac{27h^3}{64} \right) = \frac{4 \cdot 27 \pi h^3}{3 \cdot 64} = \frac{27 \pi h^3}{16}
     \]
   - Volume of one of the smaller spheres:
     \[
     V_{\text{small}} = \frac{4}{3} \pi \left( \frac{h}{4} \right)^3 = \frac{4}{3} \pi \left( \frac{h^3}{64} \right) = \frac{\pi h^3}{48}
     \]
   - Total volume of the five smaller spheres:
     \[
     V_{\text{total small}} = 5 \cdot \frac{\pi h^3}{48} = \frac{5 \pi h^3}{48}
     \]

6. **Probability Calculation:**
   The probability \( P \) that a randomly selected point inside the circumscribed sphere lies inside one of the five smaller spheres is:
   \[
   P = \frac{V_{\text{total small}}}{V_{\text{circumscribed}}} = \frac{\frac{5 \pi h^3}{48}}{\frac{27 \pi h^3}{16}} = \frac{5 \pi h^3}{48} \cdot \frac{16}{27 \pi h^3} = \frac{5}{81}
   \]
   Converting this to a decimal:
   \[
   \frac{5}{81} \approx 0.0617
   \]

7. **Conclusion:**
   The probability that \( P \) lies inside one of the five small spheres is closest to \( 0.1 \).

The final answer is \( \boxed{0.1} \)