Problem 1. Sasho thought of a number and multiplied it by 7 and by 16. He added the obtained products and got the number 230. Which number did Sasho think of?
Solution. Let's denote the number that Sasha thought of as $x$. If the number is multiplied by 7 and by 16, the resulting numbers are $7 x$ and $16 x$. If we add the obtained products, we get: $7 x+16 x=230 ; 23 x=230$; $x=230: 23 ; x=10$. The number that Sasha thought of is 10.