Pairwise distinct points $P_1,P_2,\ldots, P_{16}$ lie on the perimeter of a square with side length $4$ centered at $O$ such that $\lvert P_iP_{i+1} \rvert = 1$ for $i=1,2,\ldots, 16$. (We take $P_{17}$ to be the point $P_1$.) We construct points $Q_1,Q_2,\ldots,Q_{16}$ as follows: for each $i$, a fair coin is flipped. If it lands heads, we define $Q_i$ to be $P_i$; otherwise, we define $Q_i$ to be the reflection of $P_i$ over $O$. (So, it is possible for some of the $Q_i$ to coincide.)  Let $D$ be the length of the vector $\overrightarrow{OQ_1} + \overrightarrow{OQ_2} + \cdots + \overrightarrow{OQ_{16}}$. Compute the expected value of $D^2$.

[i]Ray Li[/i]
1. **Define the problem in terms of vectors:**
   Each point \( P_i \) lies on the perimeter of a square with side length 4 centered at \( O \). The points \( P_i \) are such that \( |P_iP_{i+1}| = 1 \) for \( i = 1, 2, \ldots, 16 \). We need to compute the expected value of \( D^2 \), where \( D \) is the length of the vector sum \( \overrightarrow{OQ_1} + \overrightarrow{OQ_2} + \cdots + \overrightarrow{OQ_{16}} \).

2. **Express \( Q_i \) in terms of \( P_i \):**
   For each \( i \), \( Q_i \) is either \( P_i \) or the reflection of \( P_i \) over \( O \). Let \( \overrightarrow{OP_i} = \mathbf{p}_i \). If the coin lands heads, \( Q_i = P_i \) and \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} = \mathbf{p}_i \). If the coin lands tails, \( Q_i \) is the reflection of \( P_i \) over \( O \), so \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} = -\mathbf{p}_i \).

3. **Calculate the expected value of the vector sum:**
   The vector sum is \( \overrightarrow{OQ_1} + \overrightarrow{OQ_2} + \cdots + \overrightarrow{OQ_{16}} \). Each \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \) is either \( \mathbf{p}_i \) or \( -\mathbf{p}_i \) with equal probability. Therefore, the expected value of each \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \) is:
   \[
   E(\overrightarrow{OQ_i}) = \frac{1}{2} \mathbf{p}_i + \frac{1}{2} (-\mathbf{p}_i) = \mathbf{0}
   \]
   Hence, the expected value of the vector sum is:
   \[
   E\left( \sum_{i=1}^{16} \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right) = \sum_{i=1}^{16} E(\overrightarrow{OQ_i}) = \sum_{i=1}^{16} \mathbf{0} = \mathbf{0}
   \]

4. **Calculate the expected value of \( D^2 \):**
   Since \( D \) is the length of the vector sum, we have:
   \[
   D^2 = \left| \sum_{i=1}^{16} \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2
   \]
   Using the linearity of expectation and the fact that the expected value of the sum of random variables is the sum of their expected values, we get:
   \[
   E(D^2) = E\left( \left| \sum_{i=1}^{16} \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right)
   \]
   By the properties of variance and the fact that the expected value of each \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \) is zero, we have:
   \[
   E\left( \left| \sum_{i=1}^{16} \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right) = \sum_{i=1}^{16} E\left( \left| \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right)
   \]

5. **Calculate \( E\left( \left| \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right) \):**
   Each \( \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \) is either \( \mathbf{p}_i \) or \( -\mathbf{p}_i \) with equal probability. Therefore:
   \[
   E\left( \left| \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right) = E\left( \left| \mathbf{p}_i \right|^2 \right) = \left| \mathbf{p}_i \right|^2
   \]
   Since \( \left| \mathbf{p}_i \right|^2 = 4 \) for all \( i \) (as each \( P_i \) lies on the perimeter of a square with side length 4), we have:
   \[
   E\left( \left| \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right) = 4
   \]

6. **Sum the expected values:**
   \[
   E(D^2) = \sum_{i=1}^{16} E\left( \left| \overrightarrow{OQ_i} \right|^2 \right) = 16 \times 4 = 64
   \]

The final answer is \( \boxed{64} \).