Let n be a non-negative integer. Define the [i]decimal digit product[/i] \(D(n)\) inductively as follows:

- If \(n\) has a single decimal digit, then let \(D(n) = n\).

- Otherwise let \(D(n) = D(m)\), where \(m\) is the product of the decimal digits of \(n\).

Let \(P_k(1)\) be the probability that \(D(i) = 1\) where \(i\) is chosen uniformly randomly from the set of integers between 1 and \(k\) (inclusive) whose decimal digit products are not 0.

Compute \(\displaystyle\lim_{k\to\infty} P_k(1)\).

[i]proposed by the ICMC Problem Committee[/i]
1. **Understanding the Definition of \(D(n)\)**:
   - If \(n\) has a single decimal digit, then \(D(n) = n\).
   - Otherwise, \(D(n)\) is defined as \(D(m)\), where \(m\) is the product of the decimal digits of \(n\).

2. **Characterizing \(D(n) = 1\)**:
   - We claim that \(D(n) = 1\) if and only if \(n\) is a repunit, i.e., \(n\) consists only of the digit 1.
   - Suppose \(D(n) = 1\). This implies that through repeated multiplication of the digits of \(n\), we eventually reach 1. For this to happen, the product of the digits of \(n\) must be 1 at some stage.

3. **Analyzing the Product of Digits**:
   - If \(n\) is a repunit (e.g., 1, 11, 111, etc.), then the product of its digits is 1.
   - If \(n\) is not a repunit, then it contains digits other than 1. The product of these digits will be greater than 1 and will not reduce to 1 through repeated multiplications unless all digits are 1.

4. **Contradiction for Non-Repunit Numbers**:
   - Consider a number \(k \geq 10\) whose digits multiply to 1. This implies \(k\) must be a repunit.
   - If \(k\) is not a repunit, then it must contain digits other than 1, leading to a product greater than 1, which contradicts \(D(n) = 1\).

5. **Probability Calculation**:
   - For any positive integer \(k\), the number of repunits less than or equal to \(k\) is at most \(\log_{10}(k) + 1\).
   - The number of integers less than or equal to \(k\) that do not contain the digit 0 is at least \(9^{\log_{10}(k)}\).

6. **Limit Calculation**:
   - The probability \(P_k(1)\) is the ratio of the number of repunits to the number of integers without the digit 0.
   - As \(k \to \infty\), the number of repunits grows logarithmically, while the number of integers without the digit 0 grows exponentially.
   - Therefore, \(\lim_{k \to \infty} P_k(1) = 0\).

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