Find all nonconstant polynomials $P(z)$ with complex coefficients for which all complex roots of the polynomials $P(z)$ and $P(z) - 1$ have absolute value 1.

[i]Ankan Bhattacharya[/i]
To find all nonconstant polynomials \( P(z) \) with complex coefficients for which all complex roots of the polynomials \( P(z) \) and \( P(z) - 1 \) have absolute value 1, we proceed as follows:

1. **Assume the form of \( P(z) \)**:
   Let \( P(z) = c(z - r_1)(z - r_2) \cdots (z - r_n) \) where \( |r_i| = 1 \) for all \( i \). This means all roots \( r_i \) of \( P(z) \) lie on the unit circle in the complex plane.

2. **Form of \( P(z) - 1 \)**:
   Let \( S(z) = P(z) - 1 = c(z - s_1)(z - s_2) \cdots (z - s_n) \) where \( |s_i| = 1 \) for all \( i \). This means all roots \( s_i \) of \( P(z) - 1 \) also lie on the unit circle.

3. **Elementary symmetric polynomials**:
   The elementary symmetric polynomials \( e_k \) of the roots \( r_i \) and \( s_i \) are given by:
   \[
   e_k(r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n) = \sum_{1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < \cdots < i_k \leq n} r_{i_1} r_{i_2} \cdots r_{i_k}
   \]
   and similarly for \( s_i \).

4. **Conjugate and absolute value properties**:
   Since \( |r_i| = 1 \) and \( |s_i| = 1 \), the conjugate of any product of \( k \) roots is the product of the remaining \( n-k \) roots. This implies:
   \[
   \overline{e_k(r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n)} = e_{n-k}(r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n)
   \]
   and similarly for \( s_i \).

5. **Equality of symmetric polynomials**:
   Since \( P(z) \) and \( P(z) - 1 \) have roots on the unit circle, we have:
   \[
   \overline{e_k(r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n)} = \overline{e_k(s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_n)}
   \]
   This implies:
   \[
   e_{n-k}(r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n) = e_{n-k}(s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_n)
   \]

6. **Leading and constant terms**:
   The leading term \( e_n(r) \) and \( e_n(s) \) are related by:
   \[
   e_n(r) = (-1)^n c \quad \text{and} \quad e_n(s) = (-1)^n c
   \]
   Since \( P(z) - 1 \) shifts the constant term by 1, we have:
   \[
   e_n(s) = e_n(r) + \frac{(-1)^{n+1}}{c}
   \]
   This implies:
   \[
   e_n(r) = e_n(s) + \frac{(-1)^{n+1}}{c} \neq e_n(s)
   \]

7. **Conclusion on coefficients**:
   From the above, we infer that all coefficients except for the leading term and the constant term must be zero. Thus, \( P(z) \) must be of the form:
   \[
   P(z) = z_1 z^n + z_2
   \]
   where \( |z_1| = |z_2| = |z_2 - 1| = 1 \).

8. **Final form of \( P(z) \)**:
   The final set of solutions are polynomials of the form:
   \[
   P(z) = z_1 z^n + z_2
   \]
   where \( z_1 \) and \( z_2 \) are complex numbers with \( |z_1| = |z_2| = |z_2 - 1| = 1 \).

The final answer is \( \boxed{ P(z) = z_1 z^n + z_2 } \) where \( |z_1| = |z_2| = |z_2 - 1| = 1 \).