How many of the fractions $ \frac{1}{2023}, \frac{2}{2023}, \frac{3}{2023}, \cdots, \frac{2022}{2023} $ simplify to a fraction whose denominator is prime?

$\textbf{(A) } 20 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 22 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 23 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 24 \qquad \textbf{(E) } \text{none of the above}$
To determine how many of the fractions $\frac{1}{2023}, \frac{2}{2023}, \frac{3}{2023}, \cdots, \frac{2022}{2023}$ simplify to a fraction whose denominator is prime, we need to analyze the prime factorization of 2023.

1. **Prime Factorization of 2023:**
   \[
   2023 = 7 \times 17^2
   \]
   This means that the prime factors of 2023 are 7 and 17.

2. **Simplification Condition:**
   For a fraction $\frac{k}{2023}$ to simplify to a fraction with a prime denominator, the numerator \( k \) must cancel out all but one of the prime factors in the denominator. Specifically, the simplified denominator must be either 7 or 17.

3. **Finding Multiples:**
   - For the denominator to be 7, \( k \) must be a multiple of \( 17^2 = 289 \).
   - For the denominator to be 17, \( k \) must be a multiple of \( 7 \times 17 = 119 \).

4. **Counting Multiples:**
   - The number of multiples of 289 in the range from 1 to 2022 is:
     \[
     \left\lfloor \frac{2022}{289} \right\rfloor = \left\lfloor 6.995 \right\rfloor = 6
     \]
   - The number of multiples of 119 in the range from 1 to 2022 is:
     \[
     \left\lfloor \frac{2022}{119} \right\rfloor = \left\lfloor 16.9916 \right\rfloor = 16
     \]

5. **Avoiding Double Counting:**
   - We must ensure that we do not double count the multiples of both 289 and 119. The least common multiple (LCM) of 289 and 119 is:
     \[
     \text{LCM}(289, 119) = 289 \times 119 = 34391
     \]
     Since 34391 is greater than 2022, there are no common multiples within the range.

6. **Total Count:**
   - Adding the counts of multiples:
     \[
     6 + 16 = 22
     \]

Thus, there are 22 fractions that simplify to a fraction whose denominator is prime.

The final answer is $\boxed{22}$