Let $r$, $s$ be real numbers, find maximum $t$ so that if $a_1, a_2, \ldots$ is a sequence of positive real numbers satisfying
\[ a_1^r + a_2^r + \cdots + a_n^r \le 2023 \cdot n^t \]
for all $n \ge 2023$ then the sum
\[ b_n = \frac 1{a_1^s} + \cdots + \frac 1{a_n^s} \]
is unbounded, i.e for all positive reals $M$ there is an $n$ such that $b_n > M$.
1. **Case when \( rs > 0 \):**

   We claim that the answer in this case is \( t = 1 + \frac{r}{s} \).

   - **Proof that \( t = \frac{r+s}{s} \) works:**

     Assume for the sake of contradiction that the sequence \(\{b_n\}\) is bounded. Hence, \(\{b_n\}\) converges and is a Cauchy sequence. This implies that for any \(\epsilon > 0\), there exists \(N\) such that for all \(n > m > N\), we have:
     \[
     \epsilon > |b_n - b_m| = \sum_{i=m+1}^{n} \frac{1}{a_i^s}.
     \]
     We also have:
     \[
     2023 \cdot n^{\frac{r+s}{s}} \geq \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i^r \geq \sum_{i=m+1}^{n} a_i^r.
     \]
     Using the bounds and Hölder's inequality, we get:
     \[
     \epsilon^{\frac{r}{r+s}} \cdot \left(2023 \cdot n^{\frac{r+s}{s}}\right)^{\frac{s}{r+s}} > \left(\sum_{i=m+1}^{n} \frac{1}{a_i^s}\right)^{\frac{r}{r+s}} \cdot \left(\sum_{i=m+1}^{n} a_i^r\right)^{\frac{s}{r+s}} \geq \sum_{i=m+1}^{n} \left(\frac{1}{a_i^s}\right)^{\frac{r}{r+s}} \cdot \left(a_i^r\right)^{\frac{s}{r+s}} = n - m.
     \]
     This implies:
     \[
     \epsilon^{\frac{r}{r+s}} \cdot 2023^{\frac{s}{r+s}} \cdot n > n - m,
     \]
     which gives a contradiction on taking \(0 < \epsilon < 1\) and large enough \(n\). Hence, our assumption was wrong, and the claim is proven! \(\blacksquare\)

   - **Proof that any \( t > \frac{r+s}{s} \) fails:**

     Consider the sequence \(\{a_i\}\) to be such that \(a_{n+1} = \left((n+1)^t - n^t\right)^{\frac{1}{r}}\) for all \(n\). First, note that it clearly satisfies the first condition. Secondly, by Bernoulli's inequality, since \(t > 1\), we have:
     \[
     (n+1)^t - n^t \geq t \cdot n^{t-1} \implies a_{n+1} \geq c \cdot n^{\frac{t-1}{r}},
     \]
     where the constant \(c = t^{\frac{1}{r}} > 0\). Hence,
     \[
     b_{k+1} = \sum_{i=0}^{k} \frac{1}{a_{i+1}^s} \leq \frac{1}{c^s} \cdot \sum_{i=1}^{k+1} \frac{1}{i^{\frac{(t-1)s}{r}}} \leq \frac{1}{c^s} \cdot \zeta\left(\frac{(t-1)s}{r}\right).
     \]
     But \(\zeta\left(\frac{(t-1)s}{r}\right)\) converges since \(\frac{(t-1)s}{r} > 1\)! Hence, \(b_{k+1}\) is upper bounded, proving the claim! \(\blacksquare\)

   Combining the two claims, we indeed get the claimed answer.

2. **Case when \( rs < 0 \):**

   In this case, precisely all \( t \) such that \( t < 0 \) work. Again, as before, WLOG let \( r > 0 \) and \( s < 0 \).

   - \( t \geq 0 \) fails: Consider the sequence \(\{a_i\}\) to be a geometric progression with a finite sum (by taking the common ratio in \((0,1)\)). Since \( r, -s > 0 \), the sequences \(\{a_i^r\}\) and \(\{a_i^{-s}\}\) are also geometric progressions with finite sums. Take suitable \( a_1 \) and common ratio, so that the series of \(\{a_i^r\}\) has a sum at most \( 2023 \), which is at most \( 2023n^t \). But then \(\{b_n\}\) is upper bounded by the sum of the series of \(\{a_i^{-s}\}\), giving a contradiction.

   - \( t < 0 \) works: Sending \( n \rightarrow \infty \), as \( 2023 \cdot n^t \rightarrow 0 \), we can never have a sequence of positive reals satisfying the first condition. Hence, the assertion holds true.

3. **Case when \( rs = 0 \):**

   - \( s = 0 \): The answer is all \( t \in \mathbb{R} \) work. This is because \(\{b_n = n\}\) for any sequence \(\{a_i\}\), which anyways diverges.

   - \( r = 0 \): The answer is precisely all \( t < 1 \) work. This is because if \( t \geq 1 \), then any sequence \(\{a_i\}\) satisfies the first condition and hence taking \(\{a_i^{-s}\}\) as a geometric progression with a finite sum gives a contradiction to the second condition. So \( t < 1 \), in which case the first condition never holds true, and hence the assertion is true.

The final answer is \( \boxed{ t = 1 + \frac{r}{s} } \) when \( rs > 0 \), \( t < 0 \) when \( rs < 0 \), and \( t \in \mathbb{R} \) when \( s = 0 \), \( t < 1 \) when \( r = 0 \).