Which positive integers can be written in the form \[\frac{\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)}{\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)}\] for positive integers $x$, $y$, $z$?
1. **Claim:** The answer is \(\boxed{\text{all positive evens}}\).

2. **Proof:** We need to show that any positive even integer can be written in the form \(\frac{\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)}{\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)}\) for positive integers \(x\), \(y\), \(z\). Additionally, we need to prove that no odd integer can be expressed in this form.

3. **Construction for Even Integers:** 
   - Consider the construction \((a, a^2, a)\) for any positive integer \(a\).
   - Calculate the least common multiples:
     \[
     \operatorname{lcm}(a, a^2) = a^2, \quad \operatorname{lcm}(a^2, a) = a^2, \quad \operatorname{lcm}(a, a) = a
     \]
   - Substitute these into the given form:
     \[
     \frac{\operatorname{lcm}(a, a^2) + \operatorname{lcm}(a^2, a)}{\operatorname{lcm}(a, a)} = \frac{a^2 + a^2}{a} = \frac{2a^2}{a} = 2a
     \]
   - Since \(a\) is a positive integer, \(2a\) is a positive even integer. Thus, any positive even integer can be written in the given form.

4. **Proof for No Odd Integers:**
   - Assume \(\frac{\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)}{\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)}\) can be odd.
   - Let \(v_2(n)\) denote the highest power of 2 dividing \(n\). We need \(v_2\left(\frac{\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)}{\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)}\right) = 0\).
   - This implies \(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)) = v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, z))\).
   - It is well known that \(v_p(a + b) \geq \min(v_p(a), v_p(b))\) for any prime \(p\). Therefore,
     \[
     v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)) \geq \min(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y)), v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(y, z)))
     \]
   - Let \(v_2(x) = a\), \(v_2(y) = b\), \(v_2(z) = c\), and without loss of generality, assume \(a \leq b \leq c\).

5. **Case Analysis:**
   - **Case 1: \(b \neq c\)**
     - Then \(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)) = \min(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y)), v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(y, z))) = b\).
     - However, \(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)) = c\), and since \(b \neq c\), this is a contradiction.
   
   - **Case 2: \(b = c\)**
     - Then \(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y) + \operatorname{lcm}(y, z)) > \min(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, y)), v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(y, z)))\).
     - This implies \(v_2(\operatorname{lcm}(x, z)) > b\), but since \(b = c\), this is also a contradiction.

6. Since both cases lead to contradictions, no odd integer can be expressed in the given form.

\(\blacksquare\)