Problem 6. It is known that the Jackal always lies, the Lion tells the truth, the Parrot simply repeats the last heard answer (and if asked first, will answer randomly), and the Giraffe gives an honest answer but to the previous question asked to him (and to the first question, answers randomly). The wise Hedgehog, in the fog, stumbled upon the Jackal, the Lion, the Parrot, and the Giraffe and decided to find out in what order they stood. By asking each of them in turn, "Are you the Jackal?", he only figured out where the Giraffe was. Asking everyone in the same order, "Are you the Giraffe?", he was able to understand where the Jackal was, but full clarity did not come. It was only after the first answer to the question "Are you the Parrot?" was "Yes" that the Hedgehog finally understood in what order the animals stood. So, in what order did they stand?
Answer: Parrot, Lion, Giraffe, Jackal.

Solution. To the first question "Are you a Jackal?" the Lion and the Jackal would definitely say "no." Therefore, the Hedgehog could only identify the Giraffe and not the Parrot in one case: if the Giraffe answered "Yes" and the Parrot answered "No." The same can be said about the second question "Are you a Giraffe?" - to which the Lion and the Giraffe would say "No" (the Giraffe thinks it is being asked if it is a Jackal), which means the Jackal is recognized because he alone said "Yes."

Since the answer of the first animal to the third question was enough for the Hedgehog to determine all of them (and before this answer, there was not enough information), the first one could not be the Giraffe or the Jackal (their answers the Hedgehog could predict in advance, and they would not have told him anything new). The first one could not be the Lion either (he would have answered "no" to the third question), so the first one was the Parrot, who repeated the fourth one's answer to the previous question. Now it is clear that the fourth one is the Jackal. We are left with two possible arrangements:

(1): Parrot, Giraffe, Lion, Jackal and (2): Parrot, Lion, Giraffe, Jackal. Let's consider them.

If the order (1) had been the case, the Hedgehog would have already understood after the first questioning that the third one was not the Parrot, since he did not repeat the second one's answer. Then, after the second questioning (when he knew both the Giraffe and the Jackal), everything would have been clearly determined, and the last question would not have been necessary. However, in the case of the order (2), the variants Parrot, Lion, Giraffe, Jackal and Lion, Parrot, Giraffe, Jackal would indeed not have been distinguishable until the last question.