But how do you give a snail a memory? &amp;gt;&amp;gt; We're going to give it a few shocks, but don't worry, it's not going to harm the animal. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Okay. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; It's not going to produce any long term damage. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Wow. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Giving it electrical shocks teaches the aplysia that the world is a dangerous place. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; How do we know it's actually learned? &amp;gt;&amp;gt; We look at a reflex. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; Touch the siphon of an aplysia, and it triggers a defensive withdraw reflex. &amp;gt;&amp;gt; I'm just going to touch the siphon like that. 