def concatenate_elements(test_tup):
  
  res = tuple(i + j for i, j in zip(test_tup, test_tup[1:]))
  return (res) 
def similar_elements(test_tup1, test_tup2):
  
  res = tuple(set(test_tup1) & set(test_tup2))
  return (res) 