These failures were dramatized by the events in Angola where two UN-sponsored peace initiatives failed (the 1991 Bicesse Accords and the 1994 Lusaka Protocol) and in Rwanda where genocide occurred in 1994 in the midst of the implementation of the UN-supported Arusha Accords of 1993.
De plus, certains des pires exemples de violence en Afrique se sont produits à la suite d’initiatives de paix et d’accords de paix portant le cachet de la communauté internationale.