According to an earlier study by the Danish Technological Institute, school systems that put children with weak socioeconomic backgrounds into a disadvantaged position operate in Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Luxembourg, Hungary, the Netherlands, Austria and Slovakia.286 PISA 2006 found out that, among the EU countries that participated in the study, students with immigrant background experience the most significant performance disadvantages in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, and Sweden.287 According to the PISA 2006 study, the extent of these performance disadvantages cannot be related to the size of the immigrant student populations.288 In addition, ‘the results suggest that the relative performance levels of students with an immigrant background cannot solely be attributed to the composition of immigrant populations in terms of their educational and socioeconomic background.
En particulier, les enfants issus de l’immigration en provenance de pays qui n’appartiennent ou n’appartenaient pas encore à l’UE, mais aussi les enfants issus de minorités ethniques et linguistiques, sont signalés comme étant exposés à des pratiques et des structures discriminatoires.