How does The Battle of Lepanto (Luna painting) elucidate its Historical significance?
By becoming the second Filipino to win the first of the three gold medals during the Exposicion General de Bellas Artes (National Exposition of Fine Arts) in Madrid, Spain in 1884 for his Spoliarium painting,  Luna became famous and obtained commissions from the Spanish government to create other canvasses.  Although Luna decided to move from Madrid to Paris, France in October 1884, he had to travel back and forth the two cities in order to meet the demands for portrait jobs, including the task of assisting Filipinos to push for reforms in the Philippines through the seat of the government of Spain in Madrid.  Some of the commissioned paintings were The Battle of Lepanto, together with Peuple et Rois and España y Filipinas.  It was the Spanish Senate, through the influence of King Alfonso XII of Spain, who commissioned Luna to paint The Battle of Lepanto.  King Alfonso XII's plan was to hang Luna’s Battle of Lepanto side by side with Francisco Pradilla Ortiz’s 1878 grand-prize winning masterpiece La rendicion de granada (The Surrender of Granada).  Another reason for commissioning Luna to paint The Battle of Lepanto was to compensate Luna for not having been given the grand prize known as the “Prize of Honor” or “Medal of Excellence” for Spoliarium.  A biased jury, known as the "Jury of Honor" did not grant Luna the prize because he was a Filipino and in spite of the fact that “public sentiment felt” Luna “deserved the award”. One year after, The Battle of Lepanto became a gold medalist during the 1888 Fine Arts Exhibition in Barcelona, Spain.  During the victory gathering of Filipinos in Madrid, Philippine national hero José Rizal praised Luna and Hidalgo for their achievements, “mastery and nationalism” through a speech.  Graciano Lopez Jaena, another Filipino hero, also gave Luna and Hidalgo a “congratulatory speech” for their success.
Paris, France Spanish government Alfonso XII La rendicion de granada Hidalgo Peuple et Rois France Filipino Alfonso XII of Spain Barcelona José Rizal Graciano Lopez Jaena Francisco Pradilla Ortiz Spanish Battle of Lepanto The Surrender of Granada Philippines Spain Spoliarium Paris España y Filipinas Madrid Spanish Senate