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The painting measures 54 by 84.25 inches (137.2 cm × 214.0 cm).  It is a capriccio inspired by Church's travels to Europe and the Middle East from 1867 to 1869.  The composite image includes elements from sketches that Church made in different locations, including a rock-cut entrance from Petra in a cliff to the left, fallen capitals from the Temple of Bacchus at Baalbek in the lower left, Roman columns from Syria to the right, and in the distance across a body of water lie classical ruins that resemble the Acropolis of Athens or the Temple of Apollo in Ancient Corinth, and the dome and minaret of a mosque from Istanbul.  In the foreground are three small human figures in conversation beside a road based on an oil study of three Bedouins.  The cloudy sky is enlivened by a double rainbow.In this work, Church moved away from his usual naturalistic style to a more idealised style.  The  atmospheric effects that may be inspired by the paintings of J. M. W. Turner which Church had seen in London (although Church had already used a double rainbow in his 1866 painting Rainy Season in the Tropics).  The work may also take inspiration from Turner's 1826 view of the Roman Forum.  Church designed a gilded frame for the painting, decorated with an eclectic mixture of Middle Eastern motifs, including stars and rosettes, and egg-and-dart and other moldings.
Acropolis of Athens double rainbow Roman Forum Ancient Corinth Istanbul rosettes moldings Petra Bedouin capriccio Temple of Bacchus J. M. W. Turner Baalbek egg-and-dart