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The painting shows Saints Vincent, James the Great and Eustace, standing on a terrace high above a landscape background, of which little can be seen. The parts visible, mostly around Saint Eustace's legs, have been described as "minutely observed ... small vignettes of the River Arno valley", like other early Italian landscapes drawing on precedents from Early Netherlandish painting.Saint Vincent, shown in his deacon's vestments, was patron saint of the archdiocese of Lisbon, of which James had been appointed "administrator in perpetuity" by the pope in 1453, being too young to be made the Archbishop of Lisbon. Sant'Eustachio in Rome was James's titular church as cardinal, explaining Saint Eustace's presence, and Saint James was his name-saint. James looks to the viewer's right, towards the cardinal's tomb in the chapel. As well as these connections to the cardinal, they are all martyrs from the Early Christian period.Their clothes are all rich, and Saint James's felt hat with a jewelled hatband (at his feet) "fashionable". There is a "precocious sensitivity in the representation of fabric textures—the plush velvets of St Vincent's robe and St Eustace's doublet, with its white fur lining, the costly brocades worn by both St Eustace and St James".
Arno Archbishop of Lisbon titular church deacon James the Great Eustace Saint Eustace Vincent martyr Sant'Eustachio archdiocese of Lisbon Early Netherlandish painting