Focus on The Five Senses (Wautier) and analyze the Painting methods.
Wautier used a common method throughout the five paintings; constructing three-dimensional forms, darkly light backgrounds, and short, thick paint strokes. Such paint strokes were done tight and carefully that it is only visible when looked up closely or seen in high definition photos
Seen in both Sight and Smell, they share a thick reddish-orange layer that is covered by a thinner warm-toned gray layer. It is highly likely that the other three paintings share the same qualities. On all five paintings, it appears that Wautier did not sketch on the canvas before beginning to paint. Considering how common it was with certain artists to sketch beforehand and no evidence of underdrawing, it is safe to assume that Wautier did not use materials like charcoal to sketch out her paintings.
paint sketch Painting underdrawing charcoal