question: The risk of encountering human-to-human infections, including emerging infectious diseases, should be adequately and appropriately addressed in the emergency department However, guidelines based on sufficient evidence on infection control in the emergency department have not been developed anywhere in the world Each facility examines and implements its own countermeasures The Japanese Association for Acute Medicine has established the “Committee for Infection Control in the Emergency Department” in cooperation with the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, Japanese Society for Infection Prevention and Control, Japanese Society for Emergency Medicine, and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology A joint working group has been established to consider appropriate measures This group undertook a comprehensive and multifaceted review of infection control measures for emergency outpatients and related matters, and released a checklist for infection control in emergency departments This checklist has been prepared such that even small emergency departments with few or no emergency physicians can control infection by following the checklist, without committing any major errors The checklist includes a control system for infection control, education, screening, and vaccination, prompt response to suspected infections, and management of the risk of infection in facilities In addition, the timing of the check and interval at which the check is carried out are specified as categories We hope that this checklist will contribute to improving infection control in the emergency department