question: I had my aortic valve replaced on February 8, 2011 with a biological valve. My valve (Bicuspid) was replaced due to having severe stenosis. It seems as if I have developed excessive pannus (sp) causing the leaflets to not function correctly. After having  several echos, a TEE, and a cardiac MRI,  the Cardiaologist and surgeon feel that I am going to need to have it replaced. What is your opinion on what my replacement options are? Is there a way to clear / clean the pannus without replacing the valve?