text: Gene splicing involves cutting out part of the DNA in a gene and adding new DNA in its place.\n\nThe process is entirely chemical with restriction enzymes used as chemical 'scissors'. Depending on the type of restriction enzyme used, different parts of the genetic code can be targeted. A specific restriction enzyme will split apart a specific strand of DNA leaving behind a gap in the genetic code. New DNA can then be added in this gap.\n\nWhen a new strand of DNA is added, it takes the place of the binds to the ends of the DNA strands that were originally cut. Another enzyme called ligase is used in the repair process.\n\nOnce the new DNA is in place, the function of the gene changes. In cases where a defective gene is repaired, the new gene will begin functioning correctly, producing the appropriate enzymes for its type.