text: Generally, a society is capitalist if:\n1.) The means of production are privately owned and operated for profit. \n2.) Money is used instead of barter\n3.) There is a free labor market.\n4.) Decisions regarding investment are made privately\n5.) Production and distribution is primarily controlled by companies each acting in its own interest.\n\nThe Roman Empire would have met 1, 2 (mostly), 4 (usually), and 5 (although 5 generally would be individuals instead of companies).\n\n3 would be iffy, since slavery existed, and a lack of mobility prevented a truly free labor market outside of the largest cities.