text: Mount Kosciuszko, located in the Snowy Mountains, in Kosciuszko National Park, is the highest mountain in mainland Australia. It was named by the Polish explorer Count Paul Strzelecki in 1840 in honour of the Polish national hero General Tadeusz Kosciuszko.\n\nIt was formerly spelled "Mount Kosciusko", an anglicisation; but the version "Mount Kosciuszko" was officially adopted in 1997 by the NSW Board of Geographic Names. The spelling adopted by the Board of Geographic Names was the original Polish spelling, "Kościuszko", including an accent over the "s", but that recommendation has generally been ignored in Australia (since such a character is not a usual feature of Australian language). It should also be noted that the common Australian pronunciation of Kosciuszko, "kozzy-osko" or [ˈkɔziˌɔskoʊ] (IPA), is quite different from the pronunciation in Polish, "kosh-CHOOSH-ko" or [ˈkoɕˈtɕuʃko].\n\nVarious measurements of the peak originally called by that name showed it to be slightly lower than its neighbour, Mount Townsend, and the names were thereupon transposed by the New South Wales Lands Department, so that Mount Kosciusko still remains the highest peak of Australia, and Mount Townsend ranks as second [1]. The picture by Eugene von Guerard hanging in the National Gallery of Australia titled "Northeast view from the northern top of Mount Kosciusko" is actually from Mt Townsend. [2]\n\nLike many of Australia's highest peaks, Mount Kosciuszko is not particularly difficult to climb. There is a road to Charlotte Pass, from which it is a short seven km walk up a path to the summit. Anybody with a very modest level of fitness should be able to climb it. Until the 1960s the road was open to motor vehicles and it was possible to drive close to the summit.\n\nThe peak may also be approached from Thredbo, which is a slightly longer but not very difficult walk and is supported by a chairlift ride year round. From the top of the chairlift there is a raised walkway to protect the native vegetation. Kosciuszko National Park is also the location of the closest downhill skiing ski slopes to Sydney, containing the Thredbo and Perisher Blue ski resorts. Mt Kosciuszko may have been ascended by Indigenous Australians long before the first recorded ascent by Europeans.\n\nHigher peaks exist outside the Australian mainland but within territory administered or claimed by Australia: