text: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used in a wide range of applications.
  In the paint and coatings industry, it is a useful tool to investigate the quality of coatings and to detect the presence of corrosion.
  It is used in many biosensor systems as a label-free technique to measure bacterial concentration and to detect dangerous pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, and yeast cells.
  Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is also used to analyze and characterize different food products. Some examples are the assessment of food–package interactions, the analysis of milk composition, the characterization and the determination of the freezing end-point of ice-cream mixes, the measure of meat ageing, the investigation of ripeness and quality in fruits and the determination of free acidity in olive oil.
  In the field of human health monitoring is better known as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and is used to estimate body composition as well as different parameters such as total body water and free fat mass.
  Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can be used to obtain the frequency response of batteries and electrocatalytic systems at relatively high temperatures.
  Biomedical sensors working in the microwave range relies on dielectric spectroscopy to detect changes in the dielectric properties over a frequency range, such as non-invasive continuous blood glucose monitoring. The IFAC database can be used as a resource to get the dielectric properties for human body tissues.
  For heterogenous mixtures like suspensions impedance spectroscopy can be used to monitor the particle sedimentation process.