text: The synthesis of NanoPutian’s lower body begins with nitroaniline as a starting material. Addition of Br in acetic acid places two equivalents of bromine on the benzene ring. NH is an electron donating group, and NO is an electron withdrawing group, which both direct bromination to the meta position relative to the NO substituent. Addition of NaNO, HSO, and EtOH removes the NH substituent. The Lewis acid SnCl, a reducing agent in THF/EtOH solvent, replaces NO with NH, which is subsequently replaced by iodine upon the addition of NaNO, HSO, and KI to yield 3,5-dibromoiodobenzene. In this step, the Sandmeyer reaction converts the primary amino group (NH) to a diazonium leaving group (N), which is subsequently replaced by iodine. Iodine serves as an excellent coupling partner for the attachment of the stomach, which is executed through Sonogashira coupling with trimethylsilylacetylene to yield 3,5-dibromo(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene. Attachment of the legs replaces the Br substituents with 1-pentyne through another Sonogashira coupling to produce 3,5-(1′-Pentynyl)-1-(trimethylsilylethynyl) benzene. To complete the synthesis of the lower body, the TMS protecting group is removed by selective deprotection through the addition of KCO, MeOH, and CHCl to yield 3,5-(1′-Pentynyl)-1-ethynylbenzene.