text: In chaos theory and fluid dynamics, chaotic mixing is a process
  by which flow tracers develop into complex fractals under the action
  of a fluid flow.
  The flow is characterized by an exponential growth of fluid filaments.
  Even very simple flows, such as the blinking vortex,
  or finitely resolved wind fields can generate exceptionally complex
  patterns from initially simple tracer fields.
  The phenomenon is still not well understood and is the subject
  of much current research.