text: The United States manufactured approximately 500,000 Geiger counters.  Britain manufactured about 20,000 of each of its major types, and is second after the U.S.  Some instruments were also manufactured by other countries in smaller numbers.
  The American instruments dating from the Kennedy administration era were designed to use low voltage transistor electronics, and the batteries are still available today. However, most British civil defence instruments retained until 1982 or later were manufactured from 1953 to 1957, and required high voltage batteries which became obsolete after portable valve radios were superseded by transistor ones.
  All British civil defence instruments were jointly designed by the Home Office and the Ministry of Defence, and were also a military issue.