text: In the 1879 paper the assumption that reaction rate was proportional to the product of concentrations was justified microscopically in terms of the frequency  of independent collisions, as had been developed for gas kinetics by Boltzmann in 1872 (Boltzmann equation). It was also proposed that the original theory of the equilibrium condition could be generalised to apply to any arbitrary chemical equilibrium.
  The exponents α, β etc. are explicitly identified for the first time as the stoichiometric coefficients for the reaction.