text: Calix Ltd has developed a new type of kiln that enables the  from the calcination process to be driven off as a pure stream.  Calix achieves this by calcining finely ground CaCO continuously down vertical reactor tubes. The reactor tubes are heated from the outside using electricity or fuel ensuring the  stream is pure and not contaminated with air or combustion products.
  This technology has been successfully piloted in Europe by a cooperative industry group with support from the European Union as the Low Emission Intensity Lime And Cement (LEILAC1) reactor project.  The study report concluded that the technology could capture C02 from full scale lime and cement kilns at €14 to €24/t. Transport and storage costs are not included in this estimate and will be dependent upon infrastructure available near the cement or lime plant
  A FEED study is underway for a larger commercial demonstration kiln proposed for the  Heidelberg Cement plant in Hannover (LEILAC2). This commercial demonstration kiln is designed to capture 100ktpa . A  final investment decision for this project is expected early 2022.
  This type of kiln is also being studied as a potential method to decarbonise shipping through both looping and single use processes.  The single use process would involve using CaCO to be sown over the ocean, thereby permanently capturing addition carbon from the ocean as the CaCO reacts to form Ca(HCO) and reversing ocean acidification.