text: Since these drugs may cause paralysis of the diaphragm, mechanical ventilation should be at hand to provide respiration.
  In addition, these drugs may exhibit cardiovascular effects, since they are not fully selective for the nicotinic receptor and hence may have effects on muscarinic receptors.  If nicotinic receptors of the autonomic ganglia or adrenal medulla are blocked, these drugs may cause autonomic symptoms.  Also, neuromuscular blockers may facilitate histamine release, which causes hypotension, flushing, and tachycardia.
  Succinylcholine may also trigger malignant hyperthermia in rare cases in patients who may be susceptible.
  In depolarizing the musculature, suxamethonium may trigger a transient release of large amounts of potassium from muscle fibers.  This puts the patient at risk for life-threatening complications, such as hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias. Other effects include myalgia, increased intragastric pressure, increased intraocular pressure, increased intracranial pressure, cardiac dysrhythmias (bradycardia is the most common type) and allergic reactions. As a result, it is contraindicated for patients with susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, denervating conditions, major burns after 48 hours, and severe hyperkalemia.
  For nondepolarizing NMBAs except vecuronium, pipecuronium, doxacurium, cisatracurium, rocuronium and rapacuronium, they produce certain extent of cardiovascular effect. Moreover, Tubocurarine can produce hypotension effect while Pancuronium can lead to moderate increase in heart rate and small increase in cardiac output with little or no increase in systemic vascular resistance, which is unique in nondeploarizing NMBAs.
  Certain drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and polymyxin and some fluoroquinolones also have neuromuscular blocking action as their side-effect.