text: Bawendi was one of the most cited chemists of the decade from 2000 to 2010. He is a leading figure in the research and development of quantum dots. Quantum dots are tiny semiconducting crystals whose nanoscale size gives them unique optical and electronic properties. 
  A major challenge in quantum dot research was to find ways to create high quality quantum dots that are stable and uniform.  Bawendi is recognized for his work in developing standardized methods for quantum dot synthesis. In 1993, Bawendi, and his PhD students David J. Norris and Christopher B. Murray, reported on a hot-injection synthesis method for producing reproducible quantum dots with well-defined size and with high optical quality. 
  This breakthrough in chemical production methods made it possible to “tune” quantum dots according to size, and achieve predictable properties as a result.  It gave scientists much greater control over the material, and made it possible to achieve precise and reproducible results.
  The method opened the door to the development of large-scale technological applications of quantum dots in a wide range of areas. Quantum dots are now used in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photovoltaics (solar cells), photodetectors, photoconductors, lasers, biomedical imaging, biosensing and other applications.