text: There are numerous reasons that each of the four processes can occur (detailed in each article). Generally speaking, sources of acid gain include:
  # Retention of carbon dioxide
  # Production of nonvolatile acids from the metabolism of proteins and other organic molecules
  # Loss of bicarbonate in feces or urine
  # Intake of acids or acid precursors
  Sources of acid loss include:
  # Use of hydrogen ions in the metabolism of various organic anions
  # Loss of acid in the vomitus or urine
  # Gastric aspiration in hospital
  # Severe diarrhea
  # Carbon dioxide loss through hyperventilation