text: The technological features of FSL Kode constructs and the koding process can be summarized as follows:
  * Rapid and simple – simple contact for 10–120 minutes and constructs spontaneously and stably incorporate – no washing required.
  * Replicable – same variables (time, temperature, concentration) equals the same result.
  * Toxicity – FSL constructs are biocompatible, disperse into biological solutions without solvents, detergents. They label non-covalently and are non-genetic. Normal vitality and functionality is maintained in modified cells/virions/organisms. Toxicity/vitality experiments in small laboratory animals, zebrafish, cell cultures, spermatozoa and embryos find no toxic effects within physiological ranges.
  * Amphiphilic – the amphiphilic nature of the FSL Kode construct makes them water dispersible (clear solution of micelles), yet once interacted with a membrane they insert/coat and become water resistant
  * Variable design – a single F can be presented in more than 100 ways by varying the spacer and lipid.
  * High biovisibility – as the spacer holds the F moiety away for the membrane it is able to achieve increased sensitivity, specificity and reactivity can be optimized by use of multiple and variable biomarker presentations on the same surface.
  * Additive – FSL modification is compatible with other technologies allowing users to add additional features to cells/viruses/organisms/surfaces already modified by more traditional methods. Multiple FSL constructs may be added to a surface simultaneously by simply creating a mix of FSL Kode constructs. Constructs insert into living or fixed cell (glutaraldehyde) membranes. 
  * Simple FSL peptide synthesis – there is a reactive-functional-group FSL Kode construct with maleimide as its functional group which can be used for preparation of FSLs from cysteine-containing peptides, proteins or any other thiols of biological interest. The effective synthetic approach is based on the well-known Michael nucleophilic addition to maleimides (Fig. 7).
  * Synthetic "Gylcolipids" – one family of the FSL constructs are synthetic glycolipids with well-defined hydrophobic tails and carbohydrate head groups