text: The potential difference (η) between the electrically conductive electrode (V) and the electrolyte (V) causes a potential gradient which is distributed latterly across the BPE-electrolyte interface, with one extreme having the highest potential (anode +η) and the other extreme having the lowest potential (cathode -η). Comparing to the electrolyte potential (V) gradient/drop; the electrode potential (V) does not change between the BPE poles, this is due to the high conductivity of the electrodes which is higher than 10 S/m for most of steel alloys, compared to the solution conductivity in the range of 5.5 μS/m for ionized water and 5 S/m for seawater.