text: The non-stoichiometric cycles with CeO can be describes with the following reactions:
  ::Reduction reaction: CeO → CeO + δ/2 O
  ::Oxidation reaction: CeO + δ HO → CeO + δ H
  The reduction occurs when CeO, or ceria, is exposed to a inert atmosphere at around 1500 °C to 1600 °C, and hydrogen release occurs at 800 °C during hydrolysis when it is subjected to an atmosphere containing water vapor. One advantage of ceria over iron oxide lies in its higher melting point, which allows it to sustain higher temperature during reduction cycle. In addition, cerias ionic conductivity allows oxygen atoms to diffuse through its structure several orders of magnitude faster than Fe ions can diffuse through iron oxide. Consequently, the redox reactions of ceria can occur at occur at a larger length scale, making it an ideal candidate for thermochemical reactor testing. Ceria-based thermochemical reactor has been created and tested as early as 2010, and viability of cycling was corroborated under realistic solar concentrating conditions. One disadvantage that limits cerias application is its relatively lower oxygen storage capability.