text: Silicon wafers are treated with solutions of electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid in water, buffered water, or alcohol.  One of the relevant reactions is simply removal of silicon oxides:
  :SiO  +  4 HF  →  SiF  +  2 HO
  The key reaction however is the formation of the hydrosilane functional group.
  atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used to manipulate hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces.