text: As of 2016, challenges including optimizing sample treatment, optimizing disk surfaces, developing readers that can deploy multiple colors of light delivery and sensing for multiplexing, and for clinical use, obtaining regulatory approvals.   The field is similar to lab-on-a-chip platforms.
  As of 2010 companies including Gyros AB, Tecan, and Burstein Technologies were working on bringing CD/DVD based immunoassays and equipment to market.