text: Sedimentary records are influenced by local topography and oceanic and atmospheric currents. Proxies of global climatic significance are, however, less ambiguous in paleotemperature interpretation. Marine biota have offered by far the most proxies for paleotemperature, of which the microfossils, because of their widespread, abundance and sensitive to latitudinal changes, have provided many primary important paleotemperature indicators. Identification of latitudinal indices species is usually the first attempt to tie their presence in sediments to paleotemperature fluctuations. Other properties of marine biota, including morphology, abundance, diversity, and geochemistry have also been successfully established as paleoclimate indicators. More complex statistical analyses (factor analysis, principal component, etc.) of biogeography have been able to link fauna assemblages to water masses for paleo-current reconstruction. List below are some key paleontological tools utilized by scientists to reconstruct paleotemperature history.