text: In the following thermodynamical equilibrium is assumed, as well as for simplicity (2) should be a vaporous phase.
  The first (1) and the second (2) phase are always divided by some form of interface, what results in an interfacial energy . One can now ask whether this energy can be lowered by inserting a third phase (l) in between (1) and (2). Written in interfacial energies this would mean:
  If this is the case then it is more efficient for the system to form a separating phase (3). The only possibility for the system to form such a layer is to take material of the solid and "melt" it to a quasi-liquid. In further notation there will be no distinction between quasi-liquid and liquid but one should always keep in mind that there is a difference. This difference to a real liquid becomes clear when looking at a very thin layer (l). As, due to the long range forces of the molecules of the solid material the liquid very near the solid still "feels" the order of crystalline solid and hence itself is in a state providing a not liquid like amount of order. As considering a very thin layer at the moment it is clear that the whole separating layer (l) is too well ordered for a liquid. Further comments on ordering can be found in the paragraph on Landau theory.
  Now, looking closer at the thermodynamics of the newly introduced phase (l), its Gibbs energy can be written as:
  where   is the temperature,  the pressure,  the thickness of (l) corresponding to the number or particles  in this case.  and   are the atomic density and the chemical potential in (l) and . Note that one has to consider that the interfacial energies can just be added to the Gibbs energy in this case. As noted before  corresponds  so the derivation to  results in:
  Where . Hence  and  differ and  can be defined. Assuming that a Taylor expansion around the melting point  is possible and using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation one can get the following results:
  * For a long range potential assuming  and :
  *For short range potential of the form :
  Where  is in the order of molecular dimensions  the specific melting heat and 
  These formulas also show that the more the temperature increases, the more increases the thickness of the premelt as this is energetically advantageous. This is the explanation why no overheating exists for this type of phase transition.