text: * Lenin Prize (1959)
  * Nobel Prize in Physics (1964, with the pioneering work done in the field of quantum electronics)
  * Hero of Socialist Labour — twice (1969, 1982)
  * Gold Medal of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (1975)
  * A. Volta Gold Medal (1977)
  * Kalinga Prize (1986)
  * USSR State Prize (1989)
  * Lomonosov Grand Gold Medal, Moscow State University (1990)
  * Order of Lenin – five times
  * Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 2nd class
  * Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class