text: Metal casting processes uses the following terminology:
  *Pattern: An approximate duplicate of the final casting used to form the mold cavity.
  *Molding material: The material that is packed around the pattern and then the pattern is removed to leave the cavity where the casting material will be poured.
  *Flask: The rigid wood or metal frame that holds the molding material.
  **Cope: The top half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core.
  **Drag: The bottom half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core.
  *Core: An insert in the mold that produces internal features in the casting, such as holes.
  **Core print: The region added to the pattern, core, or mold used to locate and support the core.
  *Mold cavity: The combined open area of the molding material and core, where the metal is poured to produce the casting.
  *Riser: An extra void in the mold that fills with molten material to compensate for shrinkage during solidification.
  *Gating system: The network of connected channels that deliver the molten material to the mold cavities.
  **Pouring cup or pouring basin: The part of the gating system that receives the molten material from the pouring vessel.
  **Sprue: The pouring cup attaches to the sprue, which is the vertical part of the gating system. The other end of the sprue attaches to the runners.
  **Runners: The horizontal portion of the gating system that connects the sprues to the gates.
  **Gates: The controlled entrances from the runners into the mold cavities.
  *Vents: Additional channels that provide an escape for gases generated during the pour.
  *Parting line or parting surface: The interface between the cope and drag halves of the mold, flask, or pattern.
  *Draft: The taper on the casting or pattern that allow it to be withdrawn from the mold
  *Core box: The mold or die used to produce the cores. 
  *Chaplet: Long vertical holding rod for core that after casting it become the integral part of casting, provide the support to the core.
  Some specialized processes, such as die casting, use additional terminology.