text: the present invention in a preferred embodiment is directed to an elbow brace 10 as illustrated in schematic form in fig1 - 6 . fig1 - 6 provide various views of the elbow brace 10 and fig5 and 6 show the elbow brace as worn by a patient . the preferred embodiment elbow brace 10 has two arched , roughly semicircular , cuffs a , one straddling the mid forearm and the other straddling the mid upper arm , and connected to one another by straight struts c made of spring steel wires on both the inside and the outside of the elbow . the struts c are generally parallel to each other . looking directly from an anterior - posterior view ( fig3 ), with the brace 10 in place on the patient &# 39 ; s arm , the brace 10 makes a generally rectangular shape with the cuffs a forming the short ends of the rectangle and the spring steel wire struts c forming the long sides of the rectangle . the arched cuffs a are made of semi - rigid material and are optionally covered with fabric or have a gel material on their concave surface for comfortable contact with the wearer &# 39 ; s skin . the concave sides of the cuffs a face the same direction . the cuffs a are preferably formed from a semi - rigid polymer , such as polyethylene , nylon , polycarbonate , polypropylene , or the like . a metal such as aluminum may be used to reinforce or form the cuff as well . the fabric or padding is preferably stitched around the periphery to partially or fully cover the cuff a . as seen in fig4 , each spring steel wire strut c that secures the arched cuffs a to one another has straight portions 12 near its ends separated by two torsion springs 14 arranged in series . the torsion springs 14 provide bias into the brace 10 so that when it is flexed by the wearer , the springs resist the flexing , and further provide one or more flex points in the brace . the torsion springs 14 are separated or spaced apart a short distance from one another and are preferably coplanar . the coplanar springs 14 act in unison when the brace is flexed by the patient ; if the springs were not coplanar , there may be distortion and skewed forces acting on the springs , reducing their biasing efficiency in the brace . there is an optional straight potion 16 between the springs 14 to space them apart . this space between the springs 14 is where the patient &# 39 ; s elbow is located . each strut c is preferably made from a single , continuous , uninterrupted , constant diameter strand of spring steel wire having the same mechanical properties from end - to - end . this same wire is preferably used to form the springs 14 . when coiled into a spring , the bending stiffness at the springs 14 is lower than at the straight portions 12 , 16 . when worn by a patient who flexes his elbow , the majority of the bending occurs at one or more of the springs 14 , with some lesser flexing at the straight portions 12 , 16 . thus , there is no need for hinges or pivot points that would be otherwise necessary for the elbow brace to fully flex . in various alternative embodiments , the spring steel wire used for the struts and springs may have different diameters or bending stiffness . for example , if more rigid struts are needed ( as compared to the springs ), then the diameter at the struts can be increased relative to the diameter of the section of the wire used for the coils of the springs . or if more flexible springs are needed , then that section of the wire may be locally heat - treated , or their diameter reduced , or a combination thereof . one torsion spring 14 in each steel wire strut c is preferably wound clockwise and the other is wound counterclockwise for maximum effectiveness of the torsion springs . each spring has most preferably two turns per coil , but one turn and three or more turns are contemplated . too many turns on a spring increases the profile and bulkiness of the brace , which may not be desirable . the pairs of springs may alternatively be wound in the same direction . as best seen in the plan view of fig3 , each spring 14 has coiled turns that have a center axis which is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strut c . this preferred alignment of the springs relative to the strut is found most effective in resisting and forcing the bent strut back to its straight , unbent condition . the spring steel wire struts c are permanently affixed at their ends to the cuffs a . the steel wires struts c including the torsion springs 14 are preferably entirely covered by soft rubber tubing or other similar coating that provides a soft , pressure - distributing contact with the wearer &# 39 ; s skin . the tubing , sleeve , sheath , or coating is preferably a soft and flexible thermoplastic or elastomeric material . the tubing or coating runs coaxially along generally the entire length of the strut c including each turn of the coils in each spring . the coating or tubing prevents hair from becoming pinched within the spring coils 14 and minimizes any potential abrasive effects on the wearer &# 39 ; s skin . when the brace 10 is worn by the patient on his or her arm , one torsion spring 14 in each steel wire strut c is located slightly above the elbow adjacent to the upper arm and the other slightly below the elbow adjacent to the forearm . an optional fastening strap b runs through the upper arm coil 14 on one long side of the rectangle to and through the upper arm coil 14 on the other long side of the rectangle . a similar fastening strap b runs the same course between the two coils 14 situated adjacent to the forearm . as seen in fig5 , looking at the elbow in a posterior to anterior direction with the brace in place , one fastening strap b crosses the posterior aspect of the upper arm and the other fastening strap crossing the posterior aspect of the forearm . the pivot point of the patient &# 39 ; s elbow is positioned in between the two straps b as is the ulnar nerve as it passes through the cubital canal . in other words , no portion of the brace 10 , and no padding or fabric material , covers the ulnar nerve or exerts pressure on it in the cubital tunnel . no pressure exerted by the brace 10 on the damaged ulnar nerve means comfort for the patient , and little likelihood of inflicting further injury . with the brace in place , the elbow is supported in a straight ( extended ) position and the straps b and cuffs a produce only minimal pressure against the patient &# 39 ; s skin . the straps b may be elastic for better fitment on the patient &# 39 ; s arm . they preferably pass through the turns of the springs 14 and are anchored to the springs 14 . each strap b may have a length adjustment via hook - and - loop fasteners , snaps , or the like . if the wearer closes ( flexes ) the elbow , the torsion springs 14 are sufficiently strong that they resist but do not prevent flexion of the elbow . once the wearer relaxes the muscles ( principally the biceps muscle ) that closes the elbow , the torsion springs 14 bias the struts c and the enclosed elbow to a fully or nearly fully straightened position . by this means the wearer can momentarily close his elbow to use his hand in a full range of elbow motion , but he will be reminded by the opposing pressure exerted by the brace 10 to return the elbow to a resting , straightened position likewise , even if the wearer is asleep and involuntarily closes his elbow , the spring - loaded brace will urge it back into a straightened position . therefore , during sleep , the elbow will be generally maintained in a straight position and minimize pressure on the ulnar nerve . hence healing to the elbow is enhanced and time to recuperate is shortened . furthermore , the present invention elbow brace does not require padding , liners , hinges , a rigid shell , or large swatches of support fabric so that it has an essentially a skeletal construction . as such , the present invention brace is light weight and has a low profile with minimal limb contact for comfort of the wearer , especially when sleeping . the use of the spring steel wire in the struts and coiled springs enable the brace to be highly flexible . the low profile , flexible elbow brace is thus unobtrusive when worn , allowing the patient to perform routine activities with very little restriction . fig7 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment elbow brace 20 . the elbow brace 20 includes a cuffs a ′ at each end and struts c ′ that interconnect the cuffs a ′ to generally form a rectangular shape ( as seen from a plan view or anterior - posterior view ). each strut c ′ includes straight portions 12 connected to the cuffs a ′ and two pairs of oppositely coiled springs 18 , 20 , with a straight portion 16 spacing out the pairs of springs . in the embodiment shown , the cuffs a ′ are made of a flexible , semi - rigid polymer material . in this embodiment , they are not covered by fabric . the ends of the struts c ′ are riveted to the cuffs a ′ where the wire ends of each strut c ′ is bent to wrap around the shaft of each rivet . other means for joining the strut ends to the cuffs can be used , including a mechanical lock , an friction fit joint , a hook , chemical bonding , screws , welding the polymer cuff to the wire , or the like . in this embodiment , as shown in the unworn , unflexed state , the struts c ′ including the coiled springs 18 , 20 all fall within a common plane . each strut c ′ is preferably made from a single , continuous , uninterrupted , constant diameter strand of spring steel wire 24 having the same mechanical properties from end - to - end . when coiled into a spring , the bending stiffness at the coils 18 , 20 is lower than at the straight portions 12 , 16 . when worn by a patient as in fig5 , 6 , when the patient bends or flexes his or her elbow , the majority of the flexing in each strut occurs at the springs 18 , 20 with lesser flexing at the straight portions 12 , 16 . accordingly , there is no need for a pivot or hinge for struts c ′ to enable elbow bending by the patient . the fig7 embodiment includes a tubular sheath 22 that coaxially covers the entire strut c ′ including the coils 18 , 20 , with only the ends of the wire 24 exposed . thus , the sheath 22 follows each turn of each coil 18 , 20 , and the sheath diameter closely matches the wire diameter although the sheath preferably is still loosely fitted over the wire 24 . as mentioned above , the sheath ( or coating if any ) minimizes the coiled springs from pinching or catching the wearers arm hair or skin , and minimizes discomfort from the strut c ′ possibly abrading or scraping the wearer &# 39 ; s skin as the elbow brace undergoes flexing or straightening . alternatively , the sheath may cover the turns of the spring coils in their entirety , i . e ., not coaxially or following each turn ( not shown ). from the foregoing detailed description , it should be evident that there are a number of changes , adaptations and modifications of the present invention that come within the province of those skilled in the art . features or structures of one embodiment may be combined with features or structures in another embodiment . however , it is intended that all such variations not departing from the spirit of the invention be considered as within the scope thereof except as limited solely by the following claims .