text: Federal Deficit Surges to Record \$413B WASHINGTON - Democrats are blaming President Bush for the record 2004 federal deficit of \$413 billion, but Republicans say the figure shows that the economic and budget pictures are brightening.    The Treasury Department announced the figure Thursday, two weeks after the government's 2004 budget year ended and just 19 days from an Election Day in which Bush's economic and fiscal performance are pivotal issues...