How do I hide login information passed to command line programs from appearing in the process list?

I have to execute a program that passes in as command line options the username and password. Is there a way to hide the username & password from appearing in the `/proc` entry for this process.


ksh :To store the output of a awk command in an array

I've the following `awk` command:               awk -F ' ' '{ print $NF }' log filename      And it gives the output as below:               06:00:00     parameters:     SDS     (2)     no     no     no     no          doc=4000000000).               information:     0     5898     5898     06:06:25      The problem is I need to save this in an array. For example when I print or echo `$array[0]` I should get `06:00:00` and similarly               $array[1] = parameters:     .     .     .     $array[n] = 06:06:25      My end goal is to print them using a print statement i.e               printf("start time: %d  and end time: %d", array[0], array[n]")      Output               start time:06:00:00 and end time:06:06:25


Sudo permissions by ldap groups via nslcd

I have a problem with my sudo permissions in an MS ActiveDirectory to Debian LDAP authentication/authorization setup. **What I have so far**   I've configured nslcd with libpam-ldap via ldaps and ssh login is working great.               getent passwd myuser     myuser:*:10001:10015:myuser:/home/myuser:/bin/bash      On my ActiveDirectory Server, the Unix Package is installed which adds the necessary attributes like posixGroup, posixAccount, gid, gidNumber, uid, uidNumber and so on. My example user looks like this:   (I choose 10000+ to be on the safe side)               cn: myuser     uid: myuser     uidNumber: 10015     gidNumber: 10000      I can restrict SSH logins by adding the following to /etc/nslcd.conf               filter passwd (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(|(memberOf=CN=group1,OU=groups,DC=domain,DC=com)(memberOf=CN=group2,OU=groups,DC=domain,DC=com)))      This specifies that only users with objecClass=posixAccount and group either group1 or group2 can login. So far so good. However, I can't tell sudo to use those groups. **Here is what I tried**   in /etc/sudoers               // This one works, but only because the user has gidNumber=10000 set.      // It doesn't matter if a group with this ID actually exist or not.      // So it's not really permission by LDAP group.     %#10000 ALL=(root) ALL               // This is what I want, but it doesn't work.     %group1 ALL=(root) ALL      **The Problem**   Somehow I need to tell sudo to take the requesting username, check what ldap- groups it belongs to and then see if the permissions for that group are sufficient to execute the command or not. Unfortuntely I have no idea where to start. Everything else works so far and I'm only stuck with sudo permissions. I thought about mapping the users gidNumber field to the groups gidNumber field but I don't know if mapping a user field to a group field is even possible. I don't think so, since mapping in nslcd is specified like this               map passwd field1 field2      and passwd tells nslcd that it has to mapp user fields. Instead of passwd I could use groups, but not both of them.


pmount not working on Debian wheezy

"Not working" might be slightly inaccurate, since it still seems to `mount` and `umount` things properly, but it's inaccessible to users other than the `root` user, which defeats the purpose entirely. It's still installed on the system, and works fine from the `root` account, but my regular user accounts don't have sufficient privileges to use it. I'm not aware of having changed any permissions relating to mounting, and `remove --purge pmount`ing followed by a re-install does nothing (both with `apt-get` and with `aptitude`. Any idea what I kicked over by accident?


Deep freeze like software for Fedora

For one of my labs, I need to maintain consistent file systems. So, I do not want any changes written to the file system after the system is shutdown. Currently, I am maintaining an operating system image and copying it manually after the lab session is over. I am trying to figure out if there is any open source implementation of **Deep Freeze** software for Fedora based systems. I am trying to maintain a consistent file system so that any changes made will be lost when the system reboots. From this link, I see there are similar software to Deep freeze, however, they are available for Debian based systems. I also came across LVM partitions which I did not understand much. Suggest me some software that can be used in Fedora based systems or some other better solution.


libpam load pam modules at every connection

I want to reduce ssh connection time, by debugging sshd have found that libpam is loading all pam modules specified in `/etc/pam.d/sshd` file at every connection. How to configure/modifiy libpam such that it loads modules only for first connection and after it uses same modules for every connection? I know libpam was designed for loading pam modules but want to load pam modules once. Let me know if anyone have any idea. I'm using `OpenSSH_5.8p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0l and Linux-PAM-1.1.3`


Obtain pop-id or IP address when client logs into Dovecot server

**Background**   I have been doing some research on the Dovecot mail server documentation on ways to get client information when a client connects to the server. I am interested in using these to program an application on the server side, but have currently found no methods to get this information. **Question** Is there a way to get detailed information about a client who connects to a Dovecot server upon authentication?


How to input a network file using scp to ffmpeg

My problem is this. I have access to a server that hosts many video files, most of them are very large and not well compressed. I intend to make a reduced quality smaller size copy of these on my local machine for better access. The problem is that the server does not have ftp access. I can scp the files to my machine and then use ffmpeg to reduce the size, but I'll run out of space if I copy all of the files locally. I am looking for a way to directly input a network file to ffmpeg, that way I'll be able to write a script that will overnight get me all the videos in reduced size.


How to correctly set kernel command parameter for sdboot

Thease are the kernel command line parameter                Kernel command line (user set)          root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait console=ttyPS0,115200             I am trying to run linux from sd card, and the file system I have chosen is `initramfs` given these facts, am I writing the kernel parameter correctly?


what am i missing ... why run a S/390 platform with Fedora desktop?

I found this link for a group that is converting fedora RPM's to run on S/390 hardware. Wikipedia tells me that the S/390 was made by IBM as a mainframe computer in the 1990's (and run out of service before 2000). So I have two questions: Why would you run a "standard desktop" OS on a (deprecated) mainframe? and are there any practical applications for a 1990's mainframe nowadays? The site seems to be pretty active, so I feel I must be missing something in its purpose.


Why was the word "shell" used to descibe a command-line interface?

I'm curious about the term "shell." I think I know what it is (though the distinction between "shell" and "terminal" is still fuzzy) but why was the word "shell" chosen to describe this type of program? This might seem unimportant, but usually when the word choices mystifies me, it is pointing to a gap in my understanding.


Excluding . and .. from results in find and ls

Is there any way to prevent `find` and `ls -l` from listing `.` and `..` in their results? I never care about seeing this result in the output, and it prevents me from effectively piping their output to `wc -l` to count things accurately. In case it matters, I am working in `zsh`.


timidity: No instrument mapped to tone bank 0, no idea which one is missing

I am trying to play this midi file downloaded from here, but I get:               $ timidity --verbose marivonnig1\ \(1\).mid      Requested buffer size 32768, fragment size 8192     ALSA pcm 'default' set buffer size 32768, period size 8192 bytes     Playing marivonnig1 (1).mid     MIDI file: marivonnig1 (1).mid     Format: 1  Tracks: 2  Divisions: 192     Sequence: Marivonnig     Text: By Traditionnel     Text: Generated by NoteWorthy Composer     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 3/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 3/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 3/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 3/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 3/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Time signature: 2/4 24 clock 8 q.n.     Track name: Staff     364 supported events, 3413810 samples, time 1:17     No instrument mapped to tone bank 0, program 41 - this instrument will not be heard     No pre-resampling cache hit      and **_no sound at all_**. One more link, a different melody for the same text. For some midi files from that site, I hear some sound, but I still get the message _No instrument mapped to tone bank 0_ -- _this instrument will not be heard_ and I suspect that what I hear is not what I should hear. Maybe it needs some soundfont, but it does not tell me which one. **How do I hear the melody?**


Why do we need "at" command in linux

I was studying a code in which the `at` command is used. I looked around it and found that it is used to execute batch jobs. It is used to schedule jobs. Its given a input of command and time relative/absolute. So, my first question is why `at` command is used. Under which circumstances we need to use `at`? I have encountered it when there was bash script code trying to uninstall software and when some background services were to be restarted. My second question : What is the difference between having any command executed as a batch job and having a command executed in calling command directly (or in subshell) ?


Bash regex matching not working in 4.1

Upgraded to Bash4 and found that it is not matching regexes:               $ echo $BASH_VERSION     4.1.2(1)-release          $ [[ "20110228" =~ "^[0-9]{8}$" ]] && echo matches      But Bash 3.0 is:               $ echo $BASH_VERSION     3.00.16(1)-release          $ [[ "20110228" =~ "^[0-9]{8}$" ]] && echo matches     matches      Why might this be? Have I not installed it correctly?


EXT3 file system pre digest material

I am looking for understanding EXT3 filesystem source code. I think I need a little pre-digestion to fully understand the code. Can anyone please suggest some material(blog etc.) where I can get some basic understanding of the source code.


How to make Mutter default window manager

I'm running Debian Squeeze and removed Metacity in favor of Mutter. How do I avoid having to run `mutter --replace` each time I start Xorg (GNOME)?


Debian install less than 1 GB.

I need to install Debian with an image less than 1GB, with a desktop environment and reasonable functionality. The Wheezy image is around 1.2 GB and my USB stick is 1GB. I can't understand the `net-install` either, and Debian does not auto-detect my wireless card on install. What else can I try?


What is the benefit of installing Intel drivers from 01.org?

Up to this point I assumed the graphics stack for Intel was open source and included in the standard repositories. However, I just became aware that Intel hosts their own special repositories of graphics drivers and software for each of the popular distribution on 01.org. Many of the packages, like `xorg-x11-drv-intel` and `cairo`, duplicate what's available in my distribution's repository. Are the Intel-hosted packages any different? What is the benefit of the Intel-hosted ones?


How do I get bcvi installed and working (with Cygwin and Perl 5.8.8)?

I'm trying to install bcvi (under Cygwin), and there are apparently no directions that apply to this setup. The directions at http://sshmenu.sourceforge.net/articles/bcvi/#installation state that bcvi is a standalone script with no non-core dependencies, but when I copied that script from the github repo it gave me this error:               Can't locate Pod/Text.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/msys       usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/msys /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8       /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl.) at /c/Users/bzisad0/bin/bcvi line 1315.     BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /c/Users/bzisad0/bin/bcvi line 1315.      I'm not a Perl guy, but I understand that to suggest that there are unmet dependencies, and I'd rather not learn Perl and its ecosystem just to try to untangle this. In case it's relevent, I first copied the script to the Linux server I intend to use it on, where I didn't get any such errors, but it seems to require you to run `bcvi --install` from your local machine, so I had to install it on my Windows machine (using the Git Bash shell, which AFAIK is just running Cygwin under the hood). `perl --version` returns               This is perl, v5.8.8 built for msys      Is it possible to get this working on Windows?


password problem when feeding a remote file into diff

When I want to compare a local file with a remote file, any of these usually works:               $ ssh remote cat file | diff file -     $ diff file <(ssh remote cat file)      However, sometimes (especially when the password is needed) they fail like this:               $ ssh remote cat file | diff file -     1,162d0     < ...     < ...     Password:       Here, `diff` doesn't wait for `ssh` to complete and considers the second file empty. It is only after `diff` is finished that `ssh` asks for the password, but it is too late.               $ diff file <(ssh remote cat file)     Password:      Password:       # asking again after a few seconds     #&%Pasword:     # the typed raw password leaks into the terminal     user@remote's password:     Permission denied, please try again.     user@remote's password:     Permission denied, please try again.     user@remote's password:     Received disconnect from XXX.XX.XX.XX: 2: Too many authentication failures for user     1,162d0     < ...     < ...      This time, `ssh` asks for the password, but the typed password is echoed back to the terminal, and `ssh` doesn't get it. Finally, `ssh` fails and `diff` continues with an empty second file. Can you explain why these are happening, or what's happening in detail _under the hood_?


Home partition not recognised after GRUB reinstall

I had to reinstall Windows on my machine, which had a dual boot with Crunchbang. My Crunchbang install has two partitions, root and home. So I have installed Windows, booted with a Ubuntu liveCD, reinstalled grub on the Crunchbang root partition, rebooted... and my home cannot be found! I am booting into my root partition, and cannot see the home partition. What to do?


How to check what `wondershaper` has done?

I used this command:               sudo wondershaper eth1 20 20      to limit network traffic. The command shows no errors. But I need a command or network monitor or gui which confirms this limitation. For example, it says that this connection is limited to 20 kb download. So that I'm sure system considers it as a rule. In particular, I may check the condition after a disconnection/reconnection, reboot, etc,


Prevent lots of writes on Ubuntu Server running from flash drive

I would like to have a setting, where Ubuntu Server is installed and booting from a flash drive (SanDisk Cruzer Fit 8GB), with two HDDs running in RAID1 and 4 drives running with RAID0 (only 1 drive at the beginning and adding up more over time). All drives, except for the pen drive should be encrypted and decrypted when booting up the system, thus, unplugging the pen drive would render the whole system useless. There should be a backup of the pen drive somewhere, just in case the pen drive burns down. All HDDs should run LVM2. All the writing of files should be on the HDD and only on very rare occasions on the flash drive, since it is really slow. If I install the Ubuntu server onto the flash drive, how do I know and prevent programs from writing a lot onto the drive? Is there a way to seize all writing at all. Furthermore, how would I encrypt both RAID1 and RAID0 with an encryption, where the pen drive acts as the key/passphrase. Any good reading material/tutorial is very welcome.


Make a "java -jar file.jar" run at startup

Hello I am running a kubuntu 13.10 distro, but I guess my question is pretty general...how to make a .jar execute in background at system start?


Bash script to output path to USB flash memory stick

How would I return (output) the path to any USB flash memory stick(s) connected to the local computer using bash (Ubuntu and Linux Mint)? ### Background: I'm providing users with an automated backup script. (The actual backup software is already installed on their computer.) The user's job is to plug in a USB flash memory stick and enter one command at the terminal (without any parameters, options or any other variable information). I need a bash script that can find the path to the USB flash memory stick. If more than one such path is found, I will probably just abort and pop up a message to contact me. Rather than make a complicated script, it is easier for me to just tell them to make sure only one memory stick is plugged into the computer at the time they wish to perform a backup.


Xterm not loading color schemes

I work a lot with vim and decided to switch to cli version, I chose `xterm` because its the only terminal I know of that properly recognizes `Alt` shortcuts (and I have lots of those bound in vim). My problem is that `xterm` doesn't load config file on startup. I have it in `.Xresources` file in my home directory (I also tried moving the contents of it to `.Xdefaults` but to no avail). When I type `xrdb .Xresources` it loads all the settings normally, also typing `xrdb -query -all` shows up proper terminal settings. I tried including that line in `.xinitrc` file and Openbox autorun (I work in Crunchbang distro where it is main window manager) but it doesn't work either. Can anyone point me in the right direction on how to fix that? My `.Xresources` file looks like this:               !XTerm*termName: xterm-256color     !UXTerm*termName: xterm-256color          ! Colors          *background: #181818     *foreground: #c0c0c0     *cursorColor: #93a1a1          !! black dark/light     *color0: #121212     *color8: #2e3436          !! red dark/light     *color1: #a35b66     *color9: #ab6b74          !! green dark/light     *color2: #99ab6f     *color10: #acb972          !! yellow dark/light     *color3: #ca9733     *color11: #ccaa69          !! blue dark/light     *color4: #495d6e     *color12: #687987          !! magenta dark/light     *color5: #825969     *color13: #977381          !! cyan dark/light     *color6: #839191     *color14: #98a4a4          !! white dark/light     *color7: #e0e0e0     color15: #e5e5e5          !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------     *multiClickTime: 500     ! Use a nice truetype font and size by default...           ! Every shell is a login shell by default (for inclusion of all necessary environment variables)     xterm*loginshell: true          ! I like a LOT of scrollback...     xterm*savelines: 16384     UXTerm*faceSize: 8     UXTerm*cursorBlink: true     ! double-click to select whole URLs :D     xterm*charClass: 33:48,36-47:48,58-59:48,61:48,63-64:48,95:48,126:48          ! right hand side scrollbar...     xterm*rightScrollBar: false     xterm*ScrollBar: false          ! stop output to terminal from jumping down to bottom of scroll again     xterm*scrollTtyOutput: false


Can VirtualBox run under Xen Dom0?

I'd like to turn my Linux Mint desktop into Xen host. Will I be able to use VirtualBox inside Dom0, just like without Xen? What the limitations would be (if any)? I believe, that this might not be possible, since both VirtualBox and Xen utilizes CPU rings, and they might fall into conflict. _Note, that I need to run VirtualBox under Dom0, not DomU._


Improve sed command to replace first instance of character and all following characters?

Input:               <e1 name="file1" id="id1" anotherId="id2">      Desired output:               file1      I can get what I need with this:               echo '<e1 name="file1" id="id1" anotherId="id2">' | sed 's/\(.*name="\)\(.*\)\(".*\)/\2/' | sed 's/".*//'      Output: `file1` I would like to improve the set of commands and remove the last pipe to sed if possible. If I remove the last pipe to sed, I cannot get what I want:               echo '<e1 name="file1" id="id1" anotherId="id2">' | sed 's/\(.*name="\)\(.*\)\(".*\)/\2/'      Output:               file1" id="id1" anotherId="id2      As you can see sed is picking up the last quotation mark and not the first after file1. Can someone help improve this command?


How to align fstab entries easily

Editing /etc/fstab with my text editor makes all the spacing go out of alignment. I could go through the file and insert/delete spaces to line everything up, but I'm looking for a more automated solution. Ideally, there would be an online javascript page that I could put my fstab into, and have it "pretty" align everything. Then I could copy/paste the final result back into the file. Is there a similar or better solution to this available? EDIT:   I use Linux on my desktop, and I'm not seeking to join the religion of vi or emacs just to edit my fstab. Emacs might be a better solution for some people, but for some other people it's not a better solution. EDIT2:   Here is an example snippet of my fstab using tabs. The columns are not in alignment.               proc    /proc   proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0   0     /dev/disk/by-label/Linux    /   ext4    errors=remount-ro   0   1     /dev/disk/by-label/Home /home   ext4    defaults    0   0      I want it to be automatically formatted with spaces and look more like the following.               proc                        /proc   proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0   0     /dev/disk/by-label/Linux    /       ext4    errors=remount-ro   0   1     /dev/disk/by-label/Home     /home   ext4    defaults            0   0


Only output printable chars OpenWrt

perl is not a very good idea, because it's an OpenWrt router, so not enough space for it.   "cat -v" doesn't works, because it doesn't supports the "-v" option      Any ideas? :\      Here's a bad text:   http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=zjMGHNq5      Between the "review" and the "kde" word, theres a non-printable char. For example i need to remove these kind of chars for texts :\   Thank you!


Oracle: ORA-01089: immediate shutdown in progress - no operations are permitted

I have Oracle XE 10.0.2 installed on my development system. Recently I have been unable to restart it:               $ sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop     Shutting down Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Instance.     Stopping Oracle Net Listener.          $ sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe start     Starting Oracle Net Listener.     Starting Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Instance.          $ sqlplus           SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 4 19:54:53 2014          Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.          Enter user-name: hr     Enter password:      ERROR:     ORA-01089: immediate shutdown in progress - no operations are permitted      So I tried killing off all oracle processes by hand:               $ sudo killall oracle tnslsnr      This kills the processes (they are no longer listed in `ps`). I then try starting Oracle again:               $ sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe start     Starting Oracle Net Listener.     Starting Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Instance.      SQL*Plus gives the same error. /usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/admin/XE/bdump/alert_XE.log says:               Starting Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Instance.     Tue Feb  4 19:59:30 2014     Starting ORACLE instance (normal)      I have not reconfigured Oracle recently, but I have shut it down hard (power off), so it may be in a inconsistent state that I need to force it to recover from.


how to type “smart quotes” (U+201C, U+201D)

It's like this: `“` (U+201C) `”` (U+201D).


bash: adduser: command not found on centOS

I installed centos 5.5 on my vmware 8 recently and i am trying to add a new user on the system. I am unable to add the user unless i use su - option. I believe it has to do something with path not set properly. I updated the path and here is what it looks like `/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/home/uone/bin:/sbin ` I believe the command is in /sbin dir which is already a part of path. can any one suggest me what else i might be missing?


Different package versions in same suite?

I recently got this this surprising result:               evolution-data-server-common:       Installed: 2.30.3-2       Candidate: 2.30.3-2       Version table:          3.0.0-1 0             -10 http://debian.mirror.ac.za/debian/ experimental/main i386 Packages          2.91.92-1 0             -10 http://debian.mirror.ac.za/debian/ experimental/main i386 Packages          2.32.2-4 0             -10 http://debian.mirror.ac.za/debian/ wheezy/main i386 Packages             -10 http://debian.mirror.ac.za/debian/ unstable/main i386 Packages      *** 2.30.3-2 0             900 file:/home/wena/.repo_bin/ stable/main i386 Packages             900 http://debian.mirror.ac.za/debian/ squeeze/main i386 Packages             100 /var/lib/dpkg/status      That implies that I have the different versions of `evolution-data-server- common` in Experimental, which I thought wasn't 'possible'. What's happening? Is this a bug maybe?


Looking for a way to improve synaptic/touchpad palm detection

I find that my touchpad's palm detection is pretty awful. I have set it to the minimum sensitivity not ruining my touchpad use (PalmMinWidth=5, PalmMinZ=1), and I still get random bumps whenever I type on my keyboard. I'd rather use palm detection than disable keyboard while typing because I find that the keyboard is disabled for too long a period (i.e., I'm done typing and I have to wait 2 seconds before using the keyboard again, which is annoying). A possible strategy would be to reduce this delay, although I'm not sure if the touchpad would stay usable (if you know how to do this, post it, better than nothing :). Whenever I use windows, I find I'm not having so much trouble with the touchpad, so there must be a way to improve palm detection? Lastly, I'm running Debian testing 64 bits on linux kernel 3.2.0-rc7.


lighttpd fastcgi with python and php on the same virtual host

I have a python application running on the server, which should process any urls except `/wiki`. The `/wiki` url should show a php application. My virtual host looks like this:               $HTTP["host"] == "domain.tld" {             fastcgi.server = (                     "/django.fcgi" => (                             "main" => (                                     "socket" => "/tmp/django.sock",                                     "check-local" => "disable",                             )                     ),                     ".php" =>                     ((                             "bin-path" => "/usr/bin/php-cgi",                             "socket" => "/tmp/php.socket",                             "max-procs" => 1,                             "bin-environment" => (                                     "PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN" => "4",                                     "PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS" => "10000"                             ),                             "bin-copy-environment" => (                                     "PATH", "SHELL", "USER"                             ),                             "broken-scriptfilename" => "enable"                     ))             )                  url.rewrite-once = (                     "^(/wiki.*)$" => "/.../doku.php$1",                     "^(/.*)$" => "/django.fcgi$1",             )     }      However, I am getting a 404 error for the php app, while the python app (django) is working. All paths are correct and the sockets exist. What is configured wrong here?


How to compile a decent kernel from kernel.org?

I tried compiling a kernel from sources that I got from kernel.org (mainline) with `make allyesconfig` and `make allmodconfig`, but both builds resulted in a kernel, that won't boot. I was thinking, that by compiling everything, It should work on close to any hardware. What am I doing wrong? And how do I compile a working kernel?


Shortcut for fast recursive removal

Sometimes I want to delete large swaths of temporary files recursively, and recycle the directory name without waiting for the command to complete. (For example, if I want to nuke and re-checkout a version control working copy.) While this doesn't happen all that often, when it does I usually use a command like:               mv "$oldname" dienow && rm -rf dienow &      I could create a function or alias for this, of course, but without doing that is there a shorter way to express the above?


Easiest way to install GStreamer on Debian?

I'm trying to get GStreamer 1.2 installed on my version of Debian (armel) that came with the board. It doesn't come with GStreamer. I installed the Debian image on my SOC following these instructions http://compulab.co.il/workspace/mediawiki/index.php5/CM- FX6:_Linux:_Getting_started I'm really not too sure how to install GStreamer, and my workplace doesn't allow internet access. Has anyone done this before and can advise? Running short on time... Thank you very much.


How can I pipe data over network or serial to the display of another linux machine?

I have a second monitor that I'd like to use for a text-based debugging log and/or console. I don't want to have it as part of my GUI / "desktop" / main system. I have this display connected to an old linux box that doesn't have much processing power. When it boots up it sits ready at the `login:` prompt. It is connected to the LAN so I can SSH to it. I know I can write to the screen by running something like `ssh root@ancient echo test \> /dev/tty0` I enjoy using named pipes for debugging, basically creating one named pipe with `mkfifo` and then using `tail -f` on it while writing data to it from other commands / scripts / etc. ### Based on this explanation of what I'm attempting to do, what is a "good" / "right" way to do what I'm trying to do ("dump data" to a named pipe over the network so that the output would appear on this terminal's screen? ) I know I've got access to `ssh`, `tail`, netcat (`nc`), and redirection via things like `/dev/tty0` - but I can't quite figure out how to put it all together eloquently. I did see this: Can I pipe/redirect a console application through netcat so it can be used remotely? It seems hackish to use something like `ssh root@ancient echo test \> /dev/tty0` and create a new connection for every log item that gets sent. A bonus would be if the data was not sent over the network as plain-text, but I suppose that criterion is not mandatory if it makes things very slow or creates too much overhead or complication. ### Also, would there be any advantage in using a serial connection between the two machines instead? I have done this in the past but it seemed to me that even at the maximum baud rate of `115,200` that when a few hundred lines of code were sent it seemed 'laggy' compared to sending the data over the network. I know `115k` is old "modem technology" so I just wanted to know if this slower-than-expected experience for this type of direct ( albeit serial) connection is normal.


sudo no password breaks other sudo -u uses

I have a virtual machine running ubuntu server (latest LTS forget the actual version number). I have setup sudo not to ask for a password but when I did that I could no longer run psql as postgres user using sudo -u unless i was root.               sudo -u postgres psql      I now get a password prompt and then this message after i enter my password ...               Sorry, user _____ is not allowed to execute '/usr/bin/psql' as postgres on ...      sudoers file               root ALL=(ALL) ALL     %admin ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL


Is it possible to reinstall Debian afresh and retain all the cutomisation and data from existing installation?

I have done something stupid and messed up my Debian Squeeze installation. Now, the problem is I have enough data and sowftware installations which I dont want to repeat, is it possible to reinstall the OS and still somehow save and maintain data on my box?   I have still not tinkered with the installation, I am just frustrated with issues and lack of time. I guess this weekend I will spam SO with all my troubles and hope I will not be treated as a spammer :D


Multiple terminals at once without an X server

There is a way to visualize multiple terminals at the same time without running a Xorg session ? I have a really low profile machine that could be great for some basic stuff but has an horrible support for the GPU in terms of drivers and computing power.


MySQL gets killed by OS every 25 days or so

About 4 months ago we migrated from **MS SQL Server** to **MySQL 5.5**. Since then we have been experiencing an issue once approximately ever 25 days since where CentOS runs out of memory and as a result it kills MySQL. MySQL safe restarts mysql so the database is only completely down for a minute or two, but we can suffer performance and connectivity losses for hours before CentOS kills the mysqld thread. **We usually see issues from 1 AM to 5 AM** , but never during the day when traffic is highest which is what's really baffling about this situation. Despite normally seeing connectivity and performance issues from 1am to 5am, mysql server typically gets killed around 4 AM or 5 AM, around the same time mysqldump runs. We thought `mysqldump` may have been the culprit. However it starts at 4 AM daily, but we see problems as early as 1 AM on some nights. Also `mysqldump` is running with the `\--opt` switch, so it shouldn't be buffering a lot of data during the dump process. We also considered the backup app that we're using that gets the dump files and backs them up to tape. We changed the time that it runs to 6 AM and the problem was unchanged. We have several jobs that run periodically throughout the night, but none are very resource intensive and don't take very long to run at all. Here's some stats for what we're working with and the current entries in the `my.cnf` file. Any help or suggestions for things that we can try would be very much appreciated. **SERVER STATS** :   * Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5530 @ 2.40GHz   * cpu cores: 4   * Memory: 12293480 (12 gigs) **OS** :   * CentOS 5.5   * Linux 2.6.18-274.12.1.el5 #1 SMP Tue Nov 29 13:37:46 EST 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux MY.CNF:               [client]     port = 3306     socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock          [mysqld]     port = 3306     socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock          skip-name-resolve          ssl-ca=<file location>     ssl-cert=<file location>     ssl-key=<file location>          back_log = 50     max_connections = 500     table_open_cache = 2048     table_definition_cache = 9000     max_allowed_packet = 16M     binlog_cache_size = 1M     max_heap_table_size = 64M     read_buffer_size = 2M     read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M     sort_buffer_size = 8M     join_buffer_size = 8M     thread_cache_size = 130     thread_concurrency = 16     query_cache_size = 64M     query_cache_limit = 1M     ft_min_word_len = 4     default-storage-engine=INNODB     thread_stack = 192K     transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ     tmp_table_size = 64M     log-bin=/log/mysql/mysql-bin     expire_logs_days=7     binlog_format=mixed     key_buffer_size = 32M     bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M     myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M     myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G     myisam_repair_threads = 1     myisam_recover     innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M     innodb_buffer_pool_size = 7G     innodb_thread_concurrency = 16     innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2     innodb_log_file_size = 256M     innodb_log_files_in_group = 3     innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 70     innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120          [mysql]     no-auto-rehash          [mysqld_safe]     open-files-limit = 8192


Changing the defaut file manager in Gnome 2(SL6)

As many CentOS, RHEL and Scientific Linux users may know Nautilus was having some bugs. I recently installed thunar to replace it for a time but now that I have installed Nautilus again I'm having a problem. When I go to the places menu and press something there it opens a window saying `Failed to execute default File Manager` and under that: `Failed to execute child proces "/usr/bin/Thunar" no such file or directory.` Note that I have removed thunar and nautilus is installed and works when I use the "domputer" icon on my desktop My question is how to I change the application that opens the items in the "Places" menu? I'm on Scientific Linux 6.5 with gnome 2.28.2


Is there a good benchmark for virtual memory performance?

Aside from running memory benchmarks, has anyone used a benchmark that stresses the virtual memory subsystem? I'm curious to see how performance differs in virtual machines with and without EPT enabled. I've found this benchmark: http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~appel/papers/vmpup.c and I was wondering if there were others. **CLARIFICATION:** I realized it may be misleading, I'm looking to benchmark "virtual memory" in the memory management sense of the term (e.g. MMU performance), not in the paging to disk "swap" sense of the term.


Replace all newlines to space except the last

How can I replace all newlines with space except the last newline. I can replace all newline to space using `tr` but how I can do it with some exceptions?


Module dependencies

In a system, I need to use `module load gcc/4.4.7` to get access to `gcc` to compile `foobar.c` into `foobar`. When I run `foobar`, does `gcc/4.4.7` need to be loaded, say to ensure certain libraries are available?


Is there a simple way to get array of all arguments that do not begin with a hyphen?

`zsh` includes a powerful utility for parsing command-line options `zparseopts`, but for quick shell scripts and shell functions, but is there an easy way to extract the _array_ of all command-line arguments that do not begin with a hyphen?


Compiling Linux kernel for a router

I want to make an installable linux kernel that has routing enabled already. So anyone can install it on their machine, do some configuration as required, and machine will work fine for their routing needs. This is what I did so far.   1. Downloading and decompressing a vanilla linux kernel.   2. placing a ".config" file in that kernel directory.   3. Ready to make kernel.... I want to ask what options do I need to enable or disable in .config to make this a bootable software router (I don't need any other functionality)? Note: I don't want to use any already built router, I want to create my own so I can manipulate and test it further.


Can a program next in a pipeline see the exit code of the previous program?

I would like to make a pipeline of Bash scripts like this `prog1 | prog2` such that prog2 can see the exit code of prog1 and act differently based on that information. Is this possible?


How to delete a directory automatically when an executable is killed

Quite often we run an executable that needs to write / read some temporary files. We usually create a temporary directory, run the executable there, and delete the directory when the script is done. I want to delete the directory even if the executable is killed. I tried to wrap it in:               #!/bin/bash     dir=$(mktemp -d /tmp/foo.XXXXXXX) && cd $dir && rm -rf $dir     /usr/local/bin/my_binary      When `my_binary` dies the last process the kernel will delete the directory, as the script is the last process holding that `inode`, but I can't create any file in the deleted directory.               #!/bin/bash     dir=$(mktemp -d /tmp/foo.XXXXXXX) && cd $dir && rm -rf $dir     touch file.txt      outputs `touch: file.txt: No such file or directory` The best I could come with is to delete the temp directory when the process dies, catching the most common signals, and run a cleanup process with cron:               #!/bin/bash     dir=$(mktemp -d /tmp/d.XXXXXX) && cd "$dir" || exit 99     trap 'rm -rf "$dir"' EXIT     /usr/local/bin/my_binary      Is there some simple way to create a really temporary directory that gets deleted automatically when the current binary dies, no matter what?


HPUX: changing LVM paths or disk device names

Our installed HPUX system has a VG called "vg00" whose data was stored in partition "/dev/dsk/c3t5d0s2" Now that disk failed and we have an exact copy of that disk. However when we use the new disk, the system assigns it the name "/dev/dsk/c3t4d0s2", regardless of the physical slot in the machine where we install the disk. Is there a way to change the path where the system tries to find the physical disk (that seems to be stored in the /etc/lvmtab file but it's a binary file), or if that's not possible, change the names that the system assigns to devices?


Unable to Pull EPEL repository Metadata

Installing Nginx on Scientific Linux according this documentation fails:               [vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epe     l/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm'     Retrieving http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch     .rpm     warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.gdSOR9: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b89     5: NOKEY     Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]        1:epel-release           ########################################### [100%]     [vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install nginx     Loaded plugins: security     Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: epel. Pl     ease verify its path and try again     [vagrant@localhost ~]$      **Version information**               [vagrant@localhost ~]$ uname -a     Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 21 13:35:52 CST      2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux     [vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/*{release,version}     Scientific Linux release 6.5 (Carbon)     Scientific Linux release 6.5 (Carbon)     cat: /etc/*version: No such file or directory     [vagrant@localhost ~]$      **Note:** `sudo yum update -y` was issued before starting the installation of nginx **Installation of other packages disabled**               [vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install vim -y     Loaded plugins: security     Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: epel. Pl     ease verify its path and try again     [vagrant@localhost ~]$      **URLGRABBER Debugger Log**               2014-08-03 14:22:44,437 attempt 1/10: https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink     ?repo=epel-6&arch=x86_64     INFO:urlgrabber:attempt 1/10: https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=ep     el-6&arch=x86_64     2014-08-03 14:22:44,438 opening local file "/var/cache/yum/x86_64/6.5/epel/metal     ink.xml.tmp" with mode wb     INFO:urlgrabber:opening local file "/var/cache/yum/x86_64/6.5/epel/metalink.xml.     tmp" with mode wb     * About to connect() to mirrors.fedoraproject.org port 443 (#0)     *   Trying IP... * connected     * Connected to mirrors.fedoraproject.org (IP) port 443 (#0)     * Initializing NSS with certpath: sql:/etc/pki/nssdb     * NSS error -8018     * Closing connection #0     * Problem with the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?)     2014-08-03 14:22:50,071 exception: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 77 - "Problem with th     e SSL CA cert (path? access rights?)"     INFO:urlgrabber:exception: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 77 - "Problem with the SSL CA      cert (path? access rights?)"     2014-08-03 14:22:50,072 retrycode (14) not in list [-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7], re-raisi     ng     INFO:urlgrabber:retrycode (14) not in list [-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7], re-raising     Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: epel. Pl     ease verify its path and try again      **Output yum update before and after attempt to install nginx**               [vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum update -y     Loaded plugins: security     Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: epel. Pl     ease verify its path and try again     [vagrant@localhost ~]$      **yum --disablerepo="epel" update**               [vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum --disablerepo="epel" update     Loaded plugins: security     Setting up Update Process     No Packages marked for Update


Why Putty inserting ~ into my Fedora bash shell

Recently while working in Putty logged into my Fedora system I have started getting random ~ characters on my shell. Additionally, while I am editing in VIM I'll have characters randomly change to upper case. This only happens while I am logged int using Putty. I've never had this happen before so I am wondering if an update to Fedora has turned on some sort of keep alive feature in SSH that is causing this. I re-installed putty and trashed my preferences just to be sure. I'm not sure where to start digging to find the culprit. Any pointers?


How to make an unallocated space "exist"?

I have Ubuntu and Windows installed together. I'm going to install Arch also along with them. For now, I what them to live there all together in my computer. I have the following: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/POjC0.png) I'd like to install Arch to unallocated space being between /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda3. But it's not see-able. Look:               $ lsblk     NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT     sda      8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk      ├─sda2   8:2    0  48.6G  0 part      ├─sda3   8:3    0     1K  0 part      ├─sda5   8:5    0   3.6G  0 part [SWAP]     └─sda6   8:6    0 745.4G  0 part /     sdb      8:16   1  14.6G  0 disk      └─sdb1   8:17   1  14.6G  0 part      sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom                     ~$ sudo fdisk -l     [sudo] password for alex:           Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes     255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors     Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes     Disk identifier: 0x000a1bc4             Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System     /dev/sda2   *        2048   101832703    50915328    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT     /dev/sda3       382826494  1953523711   785348609    5  Extended     Partition 3 does not start on physical sector boundary.     /dev/sda5      1946028032  1953523711     3747840   82  Linux swap / Solaris     /dev/sda6       382834688  1946025983   781595648   83  Linux      So what should I do to make it see-able and be able to install there Arch?


Compare two text files and find matching lines

I have two files A and B. A looks like this (4 to 6 lines):               GAGA     CAGA     GGGT     TATT      file B is a really big file with thousands of lines, here is a short example:               AAATGTCAAGAGACAGAAATGTCAAGAGGGT     AAGGGGGTTTATAATCATAAATCAAAGAAAT     ATATACAGAAATGTCAAGAGACAGAAATGTC     TCAAGAGACAGAAATGTCAAGAGGGTCTATA     AAGAGGGTCTATAATCATAAATCAAAGAAAT     AAGAGGGTCTATAATCATAAATCAAAGAAAT     ATACAGAAATGTCAAAACAGAAATGTCAAGG     ATATACAGAATATACAGAAATGTCAAGTTAT     ACAGAATATACAGAAATGTCAAGTTATATAC     ATATACAGAAATGTCAAGAGACAGAAATGTC     TCAGAATATAGTATTCTATTATATACAGAAA     AATATAGTATTCTATTATATACAGAAATGTC     GAATATACAGAAATGTCAAGTTATATACAGA     TATACAGAATATAGTATTCTATTATATACAG     CAGAATATAGTATTCTATTATATACAGAATA     AGTTATATACAGAATATAGTATTCTATTATA     TACAGAATATAGTATTCTATTATATACAGAA     CAGAAATGTCAAGTTATATACAGAATATAGT      I need to search every string in file A in all the lines in file B, and recover the first 10 lines from file B that contain each string from A. I have tried grep and awk but not with good results. Thanks


conio.h file missing error

I want to execute a `.cpp` file while contains the `#include <conio.h>` header file, but while executing I'm getting the following error: > "program.cpp:4:20: fatal error: conio.h: No such file or directory > compilation terminated." I've tried with the `curses.h` header file also, but still showing the same error as above. I need to use this header file because I'm using the `clrscr()` and `getch()` functions which require it. Can anybody tell me how to rectify this problem?


KDE: temporarily changing sound system

A little time ago, I reported a bug related to Phonon/pulseaudio. For debugging purposes I was told to disable pulseaudio so phonon can use the hardware directly. So I searched about how to disable pulseaudio on KDE, but only found solutions in the form `apt-get purge pulseaudio*`, but since I'm not planning on disabling pulseaudio permanently I do not appreciate that solution. Is there any way to tell Phonon (or the VLC backend I'm using) not to use pulseaudio? My system: OS: Debian jessie   Graphical interface: KDE   Phonon backend: VLC


Need to grep for specific lines from ongoing log and save it in some file

So, let me start with the overall outcome that i want to achieve. There is just one log, which will have info on certain devices, that i am upgrading. I use "tailf log" to monitor the log. Now, say, I am upgrading 10 devices, the log will go on populating lines pertaining to ips of each 10 devices. I am not concerned about all lines of the logs, but very few lines, like, image being copied to device, image deleted, image uploaded, device reload issued and so on.. what i am looking for is.. a script which will parse the ongoing logs, and grep for the txts that i am concerned about, like "image deleted", "device reload issued" and go on populating these grepped outputs to files named image_deletion_messages, device_reload_messages and so on.. and again, parse these files (image_deletion_messages, device_reload_messages) to determine ips from the logged messages and then save those ips to files named image_deleted_devices, reload_devices........... And in turn, i'll monitor these files (image_deleted_devices, reload_devices) using tailf, instead of monitoring the entire log.               tailf log |grep "image deleted" >> image_deletion_messages          tailf image_deletion_messages |grep (a list of ips) >> image_deleted_devices      And the same way for other messages............ Above set of commands as part of a script.. and finally, i'll just monitor the below files alone..               tailf image_deleted_devices      and so on...... I tried the above way and it doesn't seem to work. Maybe i am doing it wrong. Please advise.


Adding useraccount as root using "usermod -G root useraccount"?

I'm on CentOS. I try to add an useraccount as root using "usermod -G root useraccount". But this does not seem to work. Any way to fix this without having to use visudo?


CentOS 7.0 live USB cannot be recognised

Wish to dual boot Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and CentOS 7.0, I have planned to first install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS by live USB into a laptop computer (boot both UEFI and legacy with UEFI first), followed by CentOS 7.0 in another live USB. The Ubuntu installation was smooth. However the computer cannot recognise the CentOS 7.0 USB and directly boot into the installed Ubuntu whenever I restarted the machine. For preparing the CentOS 7.0 USB I have tried both (1) "dd" method as illustrated in the CentOS wiki page (http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/InstallFromUSBkey), also (2) Using Unetbootin Linux version (http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/) (although from the CentOS wiki page it said Unetbootin is not recommended). Thinking it was something wrong about the CentOS 7.0 USB I have tried Mageia 4 USB. It worked well. I would like to know what is the reason behind?


Add multiple subdirectories under the same parent directory to PATH

I have installed some tools and put it under $HOME/tools/ and each tool has its own /bin directory that contains the executable program. I now have the path to each individual /bin in my $HOME/.bashrc file like this:               export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/tools/tool1/bin     export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/tools/tool2/bin     ...      I'm wondering if it's OK to write the following for all the tools?               export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/tools      If it doesn't work, what is the best way to do this?


Shell one-liner for adding a line in the middle of a pipe

I write a script which sends the input file to CPP, then to grep, then to a certain program:               cpp $1 | grep -v "#" | theprogram      But, "theprogram" requires the input to start with a certain constant line "theprogram-1.0". So, I want to prepend that constant line to the output of grep, just before it is sent to "theprogram". Of course, I can do all this using a temporary file... but I am sure there is a way to do such a simple task in a single line of shell pipes, without temporary files. What is the trick?


Netboot error: Invalid kernel argument

I'm trying to install Arch using the Netboot Live System following these steps:   * Install Syslinux on a SD card according to its wiki.   * Copy the iPXE kernel image to the SD card.   * Create an syslinux.cfg file. In the last step I used this content:               LABEL archnetboot     MENU LABEL Arch Linux Netboot Environment     KERNEL /ipxe.lkrn      But when the notebook starts it says:               SYSLINUX 6.02 EDD Copyright (C) 1994-2013 H. Peter Anvin et al     Loading /ipxe.lkrn... ok     Booting kernel failed: Invalid argument     boot:      So it seem like I need to pass some network kernel parameters or something like that, because I tried the image with Qemu and it works fine. The notebook is connected to the net by its Ethernet port, and I enabled the Network Boot in the BIOS although as far I know it is irrelevant when you try to boot from iPXE. Any ideas?


Linux mint 13: Error starting MATE

My Linux Mint installation seemed to work fine an hour ago, then I switched into Windows 7 which is installed on the same machine. When I restarted back into Mint, I got the following errors and can't continue: > Could not update ICEauthority file, problem with the configuration server. > > /usr/lib/mateconfig/mateconfig-sanity-check-2 exited with status 256. > > The panel encountered a problem loading OAFIDD:Mate_mintMenu (do you want to > delete the file?) And something about caja settings as well. After I click OK on all those, and say no to deleting the file I can see the desktop, with no icons and the applications menu is not working. How do I fix this?


Hopelessly stuck on making Nvidia Driver work on Debian

Before I posted question here, I'd been hacking around for the solution for my problem, but none of them worked. Here is my situation. I had a Win7 OS before I put a Debian Squeeze on it, now I got a dual-boot. However, I tried both ways to install driver for my Nvidia Quadro 1000M card on this machine, Debian ways,               http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers       and the Nvidia driver script from its website, both yielded the same result.               "failed to initialize the nvidia graphic device, none of the screen has been configured."(From var/log/Xorg.log)      and one thing I realized was that after tweaking the linux version of Nvidia driver from above, my windows Navidia driver broke as well when I logged into windows, and I had to reinstall to get it back working again. This seemed odd because they are on different partitions and filesystems. Does it mean that I can't get two drivers on the same machine even there are for different OSs and are in different partition? Or those above solutions only worked for standalone linux machine? Sorry about my incomplete knowledge for drivers, but please help cuz I am going nuts here. Thank you ini advance.


Why might these values not be uniq'ed together?

I am trying to figure out which IP addresses hit the server most often. I received this surprising output from `uniq`:               $ cat access_log | awk '{print $1}' | uniq -c | sort -bnr | head      26 73.23.5.25      25 73.23.5.25      24 73.23.5.25      23 73.23.5.25      23 73.23.5.25      23 73.23.5.25      22 73.23.5.25      21 73.23.5.25      19 73.23.5.25      18 73.23.5.25      Why might these addresses not be considered the same address by `uniq`? I have looked at the source file and there are no crazy tabs or other whitespace. These are fairly common Apache access logs.


Getting emacs to convert latex on the fly?

What's really nice about posting in the math stackexchange, and other forums, is that you can view the latex symbols right below as you're typing your post. Is there a way to do this in emacs? That is, can I type "$\in$" and have it immediately convert the code to the "element of" symbol (in the position where I typed it)?


Owner & Group setting for OpenCart install on CentOS 6.3

I'm setting up a development server on a HP microserver with CentOS 6.3. I'm relatively new to Linux and have ran into some issues/confusion. I have the server fully setup/updated with yum. It's a headless server & I'm connecting via PuTTY. For the following installs of OpenCart, I'm logged in via SSH as a regular non-root user. I'm trying to do a clean install of OpenCart 1.5.4.1. I tried setting OC up with Yum first and came up against permission/ownership issues, so I forgot about doing it that way. Then I just extracted the files locally on my windows machine and FTP'ed them into my required directory. I was still getting folder unwritable errors when trying to install OC. I set the req'd folders to their recommended permissions (755) and temporarily turned off SELinux. It still wouldn't allow me to install, I was still getting the folder unwritable errors. I eventually changed the owner of these directories to Apache and this seemed to allow it to install. Is this correct? Can anyone help me with what the group and owner should be set to? I know it's only a dev server but I want to try and simulate a live server and have it as secure as possible and learn to do things the correct way. Even a link to a page/tutorial that would point me in the right direction would be great. I've trawled the web & posted a Q on the OpenCart forums but got no reply. As i'm quite new to the Linux world my knowledge is limited & I just can't figure it out. Thanks.


Force TreeSheets to open a new file in a new window instead of tabbing?

I am using the application TreeSheets, which is something like Excel on steroids. And I want to be able to view two "spreadsheets" side-by-side. Sadly, the application itself does not offer this as an option, and automatically puts each newly opened document in a new tab, without even the possibility to "arrange windows" within the main application window as known from Microsoft Office products. Is there any trick to trick the application into starting a second time? Maybe something on a window manager level? (I am using KDE + xmonad; it is OK if it is a hack which happens to produce something ugly like a tab without visible menus or window decorations). Or maybe somehow forcing the program to start in a second, different process. I don't need the two instances of the program to somehow "know" each other (as opposed to Excel spreadsheets where you can refer to the cells of a different spreadsheet file). All I need between the two is simple clipboard functionality for copying and pasting plain text. I don't mind using inelegant tricks as long as it works. My current solution is to open the second spreadsheet on a second computer with Synergy; anything less painful is welcome.


VNC from host PC to Android phone running Ubuntu

While I know how to do this from my phone itself, where it loads the GUI on Ubuntu and I have a desktop environment, it's not as useful for what I'm trying to accomplish, which is to have a development environment for writing ARM assembly code. So, I was hoping to see if anyone would be able to offer some suggestions/advice or point to resources where I could use my desktop PC to VNC into my Android phone while it's running Ubuntu.


What could be causing this weird buzzing when using my usb headset for 48khz audio?

I have a Logitech USB headset ( I think it's a H330, but I don't remember the model number right). Occasionally, on Linux there would be a loud buzzing noise in the right ear that was many times louder than the audio. This happened in different apps with different files at different times. I wasn't able to narrow it down until recently, when I found out that it appears to be an issue with 48khz audio. I have two video files. The first has mpeg audio at 44.1khz, the second has mpeg audio at 48khz. The second causes the weird buzzing, the first does not. The results:   * 44.1khz audio, VLC on Linux, headset plugged in - no buzzing   * 48khz audio, VLC on Linux, headset plugged in - has buzzing   * 48khz audio, mplayer, headset plugged in - buzzing   * 48khz audio, VLC on Windows, headset plugged in - no buzzing   * 48khz, VLC on Linux, headset plugged out - no buzzing So it appears to be an issue at a driver level or something to do with pulse. I think I've ruled out hardware problems or issues with the video file with this testing (although it wasn't a issue with the file anyway, as this happened on some youtube videos too) Any idea what's causing this and how I can fix it?


SVN error message: "E200030: sqlite: database disk image is malformed" on checkout

The `.svn` folder doesn't exist yet. I tried deleting it after it was created, but I get the same issue again               @:/var/www/htdocs$ svn checkout https://host/svn/trunk/ .     svn: E200030: sqlite: database disk image is malformed     svn: E200030: sqlite: database disk image is malformed               @:/home/pi# svn --version     svn, version 1.7.5 (r1336830)        compiled Jun 27 2012, 11:28:48          @:/home/pi# ldd /usr/bin/svn             libsqlite3.so.0 => /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libsqlite3.so.0 (0x404f2000)      I have no idea how to fix this.


cat corrupts serial port data

I have an application which writes some bytes to a serial port. When I do `cat /dev/ttyS0` to see what is being transferred, I find that the data is corrupted by the `cat` command. Is there any other way to see what is being sent on the serial port? Does anyone know why `cat` changes the data? **Edit** : There is another application on the other side and I want to intercept the data in order to check its content but the application must continue to work.


program needs to be run as root by any user and can be located anywhere

I have some program called foo that needs root privileges when it executes. foo needs to be able to be run by any user and can be located at any path. The reason this program can be at any path is because our company is developing program foo and each user may have a personal version of the program in some personal directory while they work on it. My question is this, what is the most secure way to handle this? I have been researching the sudoers file and have basically 2 ideas.   1. List all paths the program can be at in the sudoers file. This is problematic because it requires frequent editing of the sudoers list and also still poses a security risk since non root users will own their individual copy of foo and could copy some system program over foo and then use it as root.   2. Write a script called start_foo which performs some input validation on the passed program such as size and name and then starts the passed in foo. start_foo could live in `/usr/bin` and owned by root but runnable by anyone. This option still includes the security hole of being able to write over the users foo program with another root requiring program but hopefully the size check would catch some malicious cases. Is there a "cannonical" way to solve this problem I haven't found or thought of? If not which of the above or possibly other solution is the best way to handle the problem?


Error mounting a CF card

How can I fix this? It showed up when mounting a CF card on Ubuntu Linux. Error mounting /dev/sdb1 at /media/mohamed/1258-C98A: Command-line `mount -t "vfat" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush" "/dev/sdb1" "/media/mohamed/1258-C98A"' exited with non-zero exit status 32: mount: /dev/sdb1: can't read superblock


Terminal emulators and btsync behavior

I've downloaded the BitTorrent Sync binary. The program only provides a Web UI interface. I'm trying to create a window for the daemon, using a terminal emulator, because I don't need an always online `btsync`. When I execute:               cd ~/.btsync/; konsole -e "./btsync --nodaemon"      the `btsync` daemon EXITS when i CLOSE the konsole window clicking the X button. When I run:               cd ~/.btsync/; uxterm -e "./btsync --nodaemon"      the `xterm` window STILL RUNS when I click the window close button. When I execute:               cd ~/.btsync/; urxvt -e "./btsync --nodaemon"      and I close the `rxvt` window, the `btsync` DAEMON STILL RUNS in background. I was trying to use `urxvt` to assign an icon and a title to the "daemon window" and my only solution was execute this script:               #!/bin/sh     cd ~/.btsync/     echo BitTorrent Sync Web UI: http://127.0.0.1:8888/gui/en/index.html     echo     exec ~/.btsync/btsync --log ~/.btsync/sync.log --nodaemon      using this command line in a `.desktop` file:               Exec=/usr/bin/urxvt -fn "xft:Inconsolata" -icon ~/.btsync/btsync.png -iconic -title "BitTorrent Sync" -e btsync; /bin/kill $(cat ~/.btsync/.sync/sync.pid)      using `/bin/kill` to close the daemon when the `rxvt` window closes. My question is: somebody knows why `konsole`, `xterm`, `rxvt` doesn't share the same behavior in this case? I can't use `x-terminal-emulator` to generalize my code for this reason, and I have multiple clients with different Linux desktop environments in use.


many many dpkg errors while upgrading

I am using Ubuntu 14.04, newly upgraded from 12.04. I was trying to upgrade my software, but it is showing many, many dpkg errors regarding `texlive-*`. When I type following command:               sudo apt-get upgrade      I get the following error:               Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/05TeXMF.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/15Plain.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/45TeXinputs.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/55Fonts.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/65BibTeX.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/75DviPS.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/80DVIPDFMx.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/85Misc.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/90TeXDoc.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Ignoring /etc/texmf/texmf.d/95NonPath.cnf during generation of texmf.cnf, please remove manually!     Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done.     Running updmap-sys. This may take some time...      updmap-sys failed. Output has been stored in     /tmp/updmap.kk3Qciew     Please include this file if you report a bug.          Sometimes, not accepting conffile updates in /etc/texmf/updmap.d     causes updmap-sys to fail.  Please check for files with extension     .dpkg-dist or .ucf-dist in this directory          dpkg: error processing package tex-common (--configure):      subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1     dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-sanskrit:      latex-sanskrit depends on tex-common (>= 3); however:       Package tex-common is not configured yet.          dpkg: error processing package latex-sanskrit (--configure):      dependency problems - leaving unconfigured     dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-latex-base:      texlive-latex-base depends on tex-common (>= 3); however:       Package tex-common is not configured yet.      and many more of such types. How can I fix this? @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ The output of the command :: apt-get install tex-common is following :: find: `/etc/texmf/texmf.d': No such file or directory Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done. Running updmap-sys. This may take some time... updmap-sys failed. Output has been stored in /tmp/updmap.8Lse0Bt5 Please include this file if you report a bug. Sometimes, not accepting conffile updates in /etc/texmf/updmap.d causes updmap-sys to fail. Please check for files with extension .dpkg-dist or .ucf- dist in this directory dpkg: error processing package tex-common (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-sanskrit: latex-sanskrit depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-sanskrit (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-latex-base: texlive-latex-base depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-latex-base (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-generic-recommended: texlive-generic-recommended depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-generic-recommended (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pstricks: texlive- pstricks depends on texlive-generic-recommended (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-generic-recommended is not configured yet. texlive-pstricks depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-pstricks (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of asymptote: asymptote depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. asymptote depends on texlive-pstricks; however: Package texlive-pstricks is not configured yet. asymptote depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package asymptote (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-latex-recommended: texlive-latex-recommended depends on texlive-latex- base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. texlive-latex-recommended depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-latex-recommended (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cm-super- minimal: cm-super-minimal depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex- common is not configured yet. cm-super-minimal depends on texlive-latex- recommended; however: Package texlive-latex-recommended is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package cm-super-minimal (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cm-super: cm-super depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. cm-super depends on texlive-latex- recommended; however: Package texlive-latex-recommended is not configured yet. cm-super depends on cm-super-minimal (= 0.3.4-9); however: Package cm-super- minimal is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package cm-super (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- metapost: texlive-metapost depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex- common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-metapost (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of context: context depends on texlive-metapost (>= 2013); however: Package texlive-metapost is not configured yet. context depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package context (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of context-modules: context-modules depends on context (>> 2011); however: Package context is not configured yet. context-modules depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package context-modules (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-font-utils: texlive-font-utils depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-font-utils (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- extra-utils: texlive-extra-utils depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. texlive-extra-utils depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-extra-utils (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of feynmf: feynmf depends on tex- common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. feynmf depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. feynmf depends on texlive-font-utils; however: Package texlive-font-utils is not configured yet. feynmf depends on texlive-extra- utils; however: Package texlive-extra-utils is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package feynmf (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-xcolor: latex-xcolor depends on texlive-latex-recommended; however: Package texlive- latex-recommended is not configured yet. latex-xcolor depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-xcolor (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-beamer: latex-beamer depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex- common is not configured yet. latex-beamer depends on latex-xcolor (>= 2.00-1); however: Package latex-xcolor is not configured yet. latex-beamer depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-beamer (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk-common: latex-cjk- common depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. latex-cjk-common depends on texlive-font-utils (>= 2007.dfsg.2-1); however: Package texlive-font-utils is not configured yet. latex-cjk-common depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-common (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk-chinese: latex-cjk-chinese depends on latex-cjk- common (= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-chinese depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-chinese (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk-japanese: latex-cjk-japanese depends on latex-cjk-common (= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-japanese depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-japanese (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached alreadydpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk- korean: latex-cjk-korean depends on latex-cjk-common (>= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-korean depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-korean (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached alreadydpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- lang-other: texlive-lang-other depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-other (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk- thai: latex-cjk-thai depends on latex-cjk-common (>= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-thai depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. latex-cjk-thai depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-thai depends on texlive-lang-other (>= 2013.20130523-1); however: Package texlive- lang-other is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-thai (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latex-cjk- all: latex-cjk-all depends on latex-cjk-common (>= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-common is not configured yet. latex-cjk-all depends on latex-cjk-chinese (>= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-chinese is not configured yet. latex-cjk-all depends on latex-cjk-japanese (>= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-japanese is not configured yet. latex-cjk-all depends on latex-cjk-korean (= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-korean is not configured yet. latex-cjk-all depends on latex-cjk-thai (= 4.8.3+git20120914-2ubuntu1); however: Package latex-cjk-thai is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package latex-cjk-all (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of latexmk: latexmk depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package latexmk (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached alreadydpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of m-tx: m-tx depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package m-tx (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of musixtex: musixtex depends on tex-common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package musixtex (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of pmx: pmx depends on tex- common (>= 4); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. pmx depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package pmx (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of purifyeps: purifyeps depends on texlive-metapost; however: Package texlive- metapost is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package purifyeps (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-fonts- recommended: texlive-fonts-recommended depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-fonts-recommended (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive: texlive depends on texlive-latex-recommended (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-recommended is not configured yet. texlive depends on texlive-fonts-recommended (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-fonts- recommended is not configured yet. texlive depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-bibtex- extra: texlive-bibtex-extra depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. texlive-bibtex-extra depends on texlive- latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-bibtex-extra (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- fonts-extra: texlive-fonts-extra depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-fonts-extra (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-fonts-extra-doc: texlive-fonts-extra-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-fonts-extra-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-fonts-recommended-doc: texlive-fonts-recommended-doc depends on tex- common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-fonts-recommended-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- formats-extra: texlive-formats-extra depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. texlive-formats-extra depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-formats-extra (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- lang-polish: texlive-lang-polish depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. texlive-lang-polish depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-polish (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-generic-extra: texlive-generic-extra depends on tex- common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-generic-extra (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-lang-indic: texlive-lang-indic depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-indic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-lang-spanish: texlive-lang-spanish depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-spanish (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-omega: texlive-omega depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. texlive-omega depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-omega (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive- lang-cyrillic: texlive-lang-cyrillic depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. texlive-lang-cyrillic depends on texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512); however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-cyrillic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-humanities-doc: texlive-humanities-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-humanities-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-lang-english: texlive-lang-english depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-english (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of fragmaster: fragmaster depends on texlive-latex-base; however: Package texlive-latex-base is not configured yet. fragmaster depends on texlive-latex-recommended; however: Package texlive-latex-recommended is not configured yet. fragmaster depends on texlive-extra-utils; however: Package texlive-extra-utils is not configured yet. fragmaster depends on texlive-font-utils; however: Package texlive-font-utils is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package fragmaster (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached alreadydpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-latex-extra- doc: texlive-latex-extra-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-latex-extra-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-publishers-doc: texlive-publishers-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-publishers-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached alreadydpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-lang- european: texlive-lang-european depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package texlive-lang-european (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pictures-doc: texlive-pictures-doc depends on tex- common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-pictures-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-metapost-doc: texlive-metapost-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-metapost-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-science-doc: texlive-science-doc depends on tex-common (>= 3); however: Package tex-common is not configured yet. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: error processing package texlive-science-doc (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: too many errors, stopping No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: tex-common latex-sanskrit texlive-latex-base texlive-generic- recommended texlive-pstricks asymptote texlive-latex-recommended cm-super- minimal cm-super texlive-metapost context context-modules texlive-font-utils texlive-extra-utils feynmf latex-xcolor latex-beamer latex-cjk-common latex- cjk-chinese latex-cjk-japanese latex-cjk-korean texlive-lang-other latex-cjk- thai latex-cjk-all latexmk m-tx musixtex pmx purifyeps texlive-fonts- recommended texlive texlive-bibtex-extra texlive-fonts-extra texlive-fonts- extra-doc texlive-fonts-recommended-doc texlive-formats-extra texlive-lang- polish texlive-generic-extra texlive-lang-indic texlive-lang-spanish texlive- omega texlive-lang-cyrillic texlive-humanities-doc texlive-lang-english fragmaster texlive-latex-extra-doc texlive-publishers-doc texlive-lang- european texlive-pictures-doc texlive-metapost-doc texlive-science-doc Processing was halted because there were too many errors. @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ and the output of the command apt-cache policy tex-common is as follows :: tex-common: Installed: 4.04 Candidate: 4.04 Version table: _*_ 4.04 0 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@


SLIM login manager Causes Urxvt window to loose Transparent/Opacity effect

On Gentoo.... This is strange.... when I start X through SLIM I loose the opacity(transparent look) on my urxvt windows. It's only when I start X through SLIM. If I start X with xinit directly, without SLIM, then my `urxvt` windows correctly have the opacity as they should. The window manager is started the same way regardless with or without slim...through the .xinitrc file:               compiz --replace ccp&      xterm       There are no issues with `compiz` ether way...only the transparency with `urxvt`. The transparency with `urxvt` is set in `.Xdefaults` wtih:               urxvt*borderColor: rgba:0000/0000/0000/dddd      URxvt*background: rgba:0000/0000/0000/dddd


Resize window button panels in Cinnamon

I am having a hard time figuring out how to re-size the window control buttons in cinnamon. Can anyone point me in the right direction of how to change this? Specifically the padding/margin. See the images blow: The button pannels are far to tall and take up a large amount of unnecessary space. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/9Dlum.png) ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/zSMiB.png)


How to write to RAID 1 disks on Raspberry PI

I'm using Arch Linux on my Raspberry Pi, though I'm not sure that's relevant. I followed this tutorial to set up a RAID 1 array with 2 USB HDs. I then mounted the array (md0) in /media. What I can't find is how to write to this array. Do I write to /media/md0? Or do I write to one of the disks and mdadm then copies it to the second? md0 has only root write privileges. When I wrote a test file to it, it creates the file like it would for a normal file system, but I don't see that file when I cd to the disks. Shouldn't I be able to see the file on the disks? Below is the output of mdstat, which is how the tutorial suggests to monitor the disks:               $awk '/^md/ {printf "%s: ", $1}; /blocks/ {print $NF}' </proc/mdstat     md0: [_U]


Move files to multiple folders

I've searched for this function, and there are lots of answers, but I haven't been able to find anything that works for me. I have a folder with about 30,000 files, and I want a terminal command or bash script that will move these files into different folders. About 3000 files for each folder. Some of the filenames have underscores, spaces and hyphens, so the command should allow me to move those files as well as the files without underscores, spaces, and hyphens. The files are .jpgs, but I'd like a command that I can customize for any file type and file amount, in case I need to use it in the future for different formats and quantities. **UPDATE:** I found a bash script that answers my needs. It will move files in a folder into subfolders. It works with any type of file. The number "3001" represents the number of files you want moved to each subfolder. This number can be changed. So if you have a folder with 20000 files and you want the 20000 files divided into batches of 500 and moved to subfolders then you would replace "3001" with "500". You can also modify the script to only move particular file types, e.g.: to move only .jpg files, change "for file in *" to "for jpg_file in *.jpg". Also change "$file" to "$jpg_file".               #!/bin/bash          c=1; d=1; mkdir -p dir_${d}          for file in *     do             if [ $c -eq 3001 ]             then                     d=$(( d + 1 )); c=0; mkdir -p dir_${d}             fi             mv "$file" dir_${d}/             c=$(( c + 1 ))     done


rsync: continue or in random order

I use `rsync` over `tor`. It works for a while, then it drops the connection. That in itself is not a big problem and I suppose it is not entirely unexpected when running long sessions over `tor` that takes many minutes to complete. When I restart `rsync` it goes through the files in the same order as last time. That is a problem because some of these files change often (think of /var/spool of a busy mail server and you get the idea). This means that the files it gets to first get updated often, while files it never gets around to are never transferred. What I would prefer is to have `rsync` either continue where it left off or at least transfer the files in random order. Is there a general way of doing that?


Why does the while cycle skips and only reads the first line?

$ ls     testscript.sh  testservers.txt     $ cat testservers.txt      serverA IMM 10.2.3.4    USERID  PASSW0RD     serverB IMM 10.2.3.5    USERID  PASSW0RD     $      $      $ cat testscript.sh      #!/bin/bash          # test them..     egrep -vi '^#|^$' testservers.txt | while read ONELINE; do         # variables..         SERVER=`echo "$ONELINE" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"} {print $1}'`         RSATYPE=`echo "$ONELINE" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"} {print $2}'`         IP=`echo "$ONELINE" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"} {print $3}'`         USER=`echo "$ONELINE" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"} {print $4}'`         PWD=`echo "$ONELINE" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"} {print $5}'`          if [ "$RSATYPE" = "IMM" ]; then         # main testing part for IMM             timeout 5 tsocks nc -z -w 3 "${IP}" 80 > /dev/null 2>&1; if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];                  then WEBINTOK="true"                 else WEBINTOK="false"                 fi                  IMMSSH=`(timeout 5 tsocks sshpass -p "${PWD}" ssh -l "${USER}" -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no "${IP}" exit)`             if echo "${IMMSSH}" | grep -q "tty name check failed"; then                  ${WEBINTOK} && echo -e "${SERVER} ${USER} - OK" || echo -e "${SERVER} ${USER} - ERROR"             else                  ${WEBINTOK} && echo -e "${SERVER} ${USER} - ERROR" || echo -e "${SERVER} ${USER} - ERROR"             fi     fi          done     $      $ bash testscript.sh      serverA USERID - OK     $       **Our quesiton** : why does the script only reads the first line?? It suppose to read all the lines in the testservers.txt .. UPDATE: the testservers.txt has correct TAB's, I don't really think that is the problem :\               $ cat -vte testservers.txt     serverA^IIMM^I10.2.3.4^IUSERID^IPASSW0RD$     serverB^IIMM^I10.2.3.5^IUSERID^IPASSW0RD$     $


Is there a command line tool for validating RDF files?

I am looking for a substitution of the W3C RDF Validator, as it is broken, in addition I want something a bit more automated, such as a command line tool. I have been using `xmllint` for checking XML files in the past. Are there any command line tools similar to that?