Linux kernel for Nintendo Wii

I'm trying to compile a Linux kernel for the Nintendo Wii newer than the version 2.6.32 with mike p5 patches, which I have been using since now without problems. Since version 2.6.33 Wii support is included in the mainline kernel, but I can't manage to make it working. I tried using the old .config I used for version 2.6.32 and also the default .config for Wii platform. Of course in all these configs the option Wii platform support is selected but although the Wii seems to execute kernel code (the blue LED flashes) I can't see anything in the TV nor connecting by ssh. I tried almost all the branches included the last test version but with always the same result. I also updated my cross compiling tools with no luck. Am I missing some option or has something changed since version 2.6.32?


Easily switching over to a dynamic window manager from KDE

I've been using KDE on Opensuse for some time now and I feel like improving performance and using the most of my dual screens. I discovered tiling window managers and thought it would be a cool thing to try out. However, I'm stuck on a couple of issues.   * Will all my applications still be compatible? LibreOffice? Google Chrome? The GIMP? Kate? VLC? VirtualBox?   * Will it fully support my dual screens?   * Is it difficult to change environments from the one OpenSuse shipped with? Do I need to change anything internally?   * How easy is it to switch back to KDE and keep all my previous settings?   * Which tiling window manager should I be looking for? I realize that the last bullet point might be seen as off-topic (recommendation), but I will remove it if it's an issue.


Allow users to run only specific binaries with root permissions/privileges

I would like to allow a specific user to be able to sudo `/sbin/iptables` only. I have a bash script which configures iptables. The problem is that configuring `/sbin/iptables` as sudoable is not enough - The script itself also has to be sudoable. The problem is that that file could be edited by the user (he may change configurations there), giving him the ability to run any command as root. What is the proper approach to this problem?


Running Debian i386 binary on Debian armel via qemu

I am trying to follow this guide to set up a Ventrilo server on my SheevaPlug, running Debian armel. This page states that I can use QEMU to run the binary that was made for i386 on my arm system. The setup for qemu says that I need to install qemu, qemu-user, and qemu- libc-i386. I found the first two in **apt-get** , but **qemu-libc-i386** is not a package. So I tried to run qemu to run ventrilo server like this:               # qemu-i386 ./ventrilo_srv     /lib/ld-linux.so.2: No such file or directory      It seems that `ld-linux.so.2` is the i386 version of what I have in armel as `ld-linux.so.3`. So I know the how-to is for a different distribution of Linux, but it seems that I should be able to get this running in Debian if they could in their crazy distro. Is there a package that I can get that will install the **libc-i386** so I can get this to run (similar to **ia32-libs** for an x64 system?) I tried also copying the `so.2` from another i386 system and that didn't get me anywhere.


Protecting file system contents with TPM and Encrypted File System

I have been assured that this is possible, but have so far not found any reference that will clue me as to how to do it. I need to deploy an "appliance" with software and data that the user is permitted to use, but which I would prefer to keep them from poking around inside. The user will not have root access, so the running system should be protected. I want to stop the HDD being pulled and mounted elsewhere. So far I have installed all but /boot into an Encrypted file system, and I am challenged for a password very early in the boot process. One of my colleagues heard from "somewhere" that TPM would be the solution to protecting the password challenge, which would allow the system to boot and unencrypt the root partition without root user presence. How do I get this working, been googling for various combinations a words, to no avail. I also installed a TPM-aware version of GRUB, but have no idea how/if this actually helps me.


How to process directory first, then files and directories under it?

On my Linux system, I've got into a situation where there are not write/execute permissions on directories on a mounted drive. As a result, I can't get into a directory before I open its permissions up. This happens every time I mount that drive. The mounting operation is done by a tool under its hood, so I doubt if could modify mount parameters to address this problem. As a workaround, I am using this `find` command to modify permissions on directories. I use it repetitively, since it gets one more level of directories on each run.               find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -n 1 chmod a+wrx      I am sure there is a better way to do this. I wonder if there is a `find` option that processes a directory first and then its contents - the opposite of `-depth|-d` option. Any tips?


/proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs error

I am building a CentOS 6.2 webserver on a Hyper-V Cluster and have hit a major issue. The current setup is this: **Operating System:** CentOS 6.2. Minimal Server Install **Installed software includes:**   * Hyper-V Linux integration Drivers   * Webmin   * Apache 2   * MySQL 5.*   * php 5 with APC php accelerator   * webserver is running Moodle (if it making any difference mentioning it) The last thing I installed was the _"Hyper-V Linux integration Drivers"_ after which ... a few days later the entire OS locked up with "task blocked for more than 120 seconds" error right down the console. I now find this error rears it's ugly head over a prolonged running time and be triggered via a yum update command flagging right after the second download. ![Picture of terminal](http://i.stack.imgur.com/HWNmL.png) I've tried `fsck` as suggested on other forums but to no avail. Most other forums indicate hardware issues as the cause which can not fit here with the Hyper-V cluster (currently running a dozen high demand services with no issues) EDIT: (should have mentioned this first time around) this error is the last thing I see prior to the whole Kernel locking up. after this the only way to fix it, is to hard re-boot the virtual machine. Any help solving or diagnosing the problem is much appreciated. Thank You (in advance) **UPDATE 1:** OK serious escalation here. I've now got 2 other Linux machine of the same cluster with related issue and all of them fall over at the same time. I have a Ubuntu server complaining of a status: {DRDY} and a second CentOS 6.2 server complain of the same error as the first and the first server has crashed in a new way... **Ubuntu DRDY Error** ![Ubuntu DRDY Error](http://i.stack.imgur.com/4PlBF.png) **The First CentOS Kernel Crash** ![CentOS Kernel Crash](http://i.stack.imgur.com/RQZ5B.png) **UPDATE 2:** OK we got the cluster fixed but the problem still persisted with the two CentOS VMs. I have fix the first problem centOS by moving it the a un- clusterd Hyper-V and blacklisting all the Linux Integration Drivers followed by completely uninstalling them. it appears that the Linux integration drivers for the guest Machine along a the issues with clustered system causes this issue. the second CentOS machine is not so lucky... even though I have moved it to the un-clustered Hyper-V and blacklisted the drivers it still crashed unfortunately right in the middle of the uninstall of the linux integration driver. now I have the very big issue of the driver package showing in the rpm DB and only being half there. Question: is there a way of completely removing these drivers without using rpm or yum as now both complain it's there and not there and fails to remove it and trying to do anything too disk heavy like using rpm and yum cause the whole system to crash again. at this rate I may end up completely re-building it, but I need it stabilise soon as it host critical services. **THE ANSWER** OK my final troublesome CentOS VM has now been fixed. to remove the botched Linux Integration Driver and stabilise the system I did the following:   1. I downloaded a CentOS Live CD and booted it up in the faulty VM.   2. I then created a new folder with               $mkdir /mnt/OS        3. then mounted the root filesystem of the faulty OS (which in my case is sda2)              $mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/OS        4. I then mount the boot partition (which in my case is sda1)              $mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/OS/boot        5. I then chroot to the fault OS              $chroot /mnt/OS        6. and then ran rpm remove package command (ensuring all duplicates were removed in the process)              $rpm -e --allmatches kmod-microsoft-hyper-v        7. this process can take a little time but once done I could reboot the VM and my system was up and running without the integration drivers, but it now allows package updates without crashing.  After this I think I'll leave the Hyper-V drivers out of the mix until I am comfortable that they work and are stable.


Installed using apt-get, then ran out of storage

I attempted to install a large package, forgetting that I had little space left, and now I am a little stuck. When I attempt to remove any packages I get the following error: E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem. And when I run the dpkg command, it complains I have no space. Is there a way I can explicitly tell it to abort installing, or free up the space (preferably without manually deleting package manager files).


Running Python script over multiple directories and multiple files

Here is my command line for `python`:               python script.py -a .faa -n .fna      I have a directory containing multiple directories. Out of these multiple directories, there could be 1 or more folders. In these 1 or more folders, I need to run my python script on the `.faa` and `.fna` files. How do I do this? Example tree:               Staph1 ----> [CO1, CO2] ----> [.fna, .faa] from CO1, [.fna, .faa] from CO2          Staph2 ----> [CO6] ----> [.fna, .faa] from CO6 My Python script will use the inputs `.fna` and `.faa` and output within the folder. Also the folder and directory are synonymous, sorry for the confusion.


Is `cal` broken? What happened in September 1752?

If you look at the output of `cal 9 1752` you will see this strange output:                  September 1752      S  M Tu  W Th  F  S            1  2 14 15 16     17 18 19 20 21 22 23     24 25 26 27 28 29 30      The following story titled "cal 9 1752 explained"" was copied off of a newslist in the early 90's and archived under Collections of funny stuff for a computer audience by David G. Wiseman (a Network Manager in the Department of Computer Science at The University of Western Ontario). > The guy that originally wrote the "cal" command on some old Version 7 > machine had an off-by-one error in his code. This showed up as some > erroneous output when a malloc'd variable overwrote 12 extra bytes with > zeroes, thus leading to the strange calendar output seen above. > > Now, nobody in his right mind really cares about the calendar for September > 1752. Even the _idea_ of the year 1752 does not exist under UNIX, because > time did not begin for UNIX until early 1970. As a result, nobody even knew > that "cal" had this error until much later. By then there were thousands of > copies of "cal" floating around, many of them binary-only. It was too late > to fix them all. > > So in mid-1975, some high-level AT&T officials met with the Pope, and came > to an agreement. The calendar was retroactively changed to bring September > 1752 in line with UNIX reality. Since the calendar was changed by counting > _backwards_ from September 14, 1752, none of the dates after that were > affected. The dates before that were all moved by 12 days. They also fixed > the man page for "cal" to document the bug as a feature. > > The 11 days from September 3 to September 13 were simply gone from the > records. They searched the history books and found that fortunately nothing > of much significance happened during those 11 days. > > Overall, this whole incident was pretty much a non-event. One science > fiction author later heard about it, and blew the thing up into a full- > length work of science-fiction called "The Lathe of Heaven", a book that in > my opinion bears little resemblence to what really happened. What is the real explanation for the output anomaly?


How to build a gateway from my Linux OS

I want to configure my Linux so that it will be used as a network router (gateway). Can anybody give me some hints on this? (links are welcome!)


Can I allow a non-root user to log in when /etc/nologin exists?

Suppose a non-root user with sudo privileges executes a delayed shutdown (`shutdown +10` or whatever) and logs out. Then, before the shutdown occurs, he wants to log back in and cancel the shutdown. The problem is that `shutdown` creates `/etc/nologin`, and `login` only allows root to log in when that file exists... is it possible to create an exception from this for a user? If not, what would be the best way to let a user initiate a delayed shutdown, then logging in and cancelling it at a later point?


Why can't gcc find libevent when building tmux from source?

I want to install tmux on a machine where I don't have root access. I already compiled libevent and installed it in `$HOME/.bin-libevent` and now I want to compile tmux, but configure always ends with `configure: error: "libevent not found"`, even though I tried to point to the libevent directory in the `Makefile.am` by modifying `LDFLAGS` and `CPPFLAGS`, but nothing seems to work. How can I tell the system to look in my home dir for the libevent?


yum install failing with strange output

I am using below command to install gcc on my laptop running fedora 17.               yum install gcc      But I am getting strange output.               Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit     Resolving Dependencies     There are unfinished transactions remaining. You might consider running yum-complete-                transaction first to finish them.     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.7.0-5.fc17 will be installed     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.7.0-5.fc17.x86_64     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.15-37.fc17 will be installed     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.15-37.fc17 for package: glibc-devel-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64     --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.15-37.fc17 for package: glibc-devel-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64     --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64     --> Running transaction check     ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.15-37.fc17 will be installed     --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.15-37.fc17 for package: glibc-devel-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64     ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.15-37.fc17 will be installed     --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.15-37.fc17 for package: glibc-headers-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64     --> Finished Dependency Resolution     Error: Package: glibc-headers-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64 (fedora)            Requires: glibc = 2.15-37.fc17            Installed: glibc-2.15-56.fc17.i686 (@updates)                glibc = 2.15-56.fc17            Available: glibc-2.15-37.fc17.i686 (fedora)                glibc = 2.15-37.fc17     Error: Package: glibc-devel-2.15-37.fc17.x86_64 (fedora)            Requires: glibc = 2.15-37.fc17            Installed: glibc-2.15-56.fc17.i686 (@updates)                glibc = 2.15-56.fc17            Available: glibc-2.15-37.fc17.i686 (fedora)                glibc = 2.15-37.fc17      You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem     ** Found 141 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:     1:NetworkManager-0.9.4.0-9.git20120521.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with 1:NetworkManager-    0.9.4.0-7.git20120403.fc17.x86_64     1:NetworkManager-glib-0.9.4.0-9.git20120521.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with     1:NetworkManager-glib-0.9.4.0-7.git20120403.fc17.x86_64     PackageKit-0.7.5-1.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with PackageKit-0.7.4-3.fc17.x86_64     PackageKit-glib-0.7.5-1.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with PackageKit-glib-0.7.4-    3.fc17.x86_64     PackageKit-yum-0.7.5-1.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with PackageKit-yum-0.7.4-3.fc17.x86_64     abrt-2.0.10-4.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with abrt-2.0.10-3.fc17.x86_64     abrt-addon-ccpp-2.0.10-4.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with abrt-addon-ccpp-2.0.10-3.fc17.x86_64     abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.0.10-4.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.0.10-3.fc17.x86_64     abrt-addon-python-2.0.10-4.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with abrt-addon-python-2.0.10-3.fc17.x86_64     abrt-addon-vmcore-2.0.10-4.fc17.x86_64 is a duplicate with abrt-addon-vmcore-2.0.10-3.fc17.x86_64................      Currently my `/etc/yum.repos.d/` folder has only one file `fedora.repo`. Contents of `fedora.repo`.Contents of this file looks ok to me.Is there any other location I should check ?               [fedora]     name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch     failovermethod=priority         #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Everything/    $basearch/os/     mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-    $releasever&arch=$basearch     enabled=1     metadata_expire=7d     gpgcheck=1     gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch          [fedora-debuginfo]     name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch - Debug     failovermethod=priority     #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Everything/    $basearch/debug/     mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-debug-    $releasever&arch=$basearch     enabled=0     metadata_expire=7d     gpgcheck=1     gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch          [fedora-source]     name=Fedora $releasever - Source     failovermethod=priority     #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Everything/    source/SRPMS/     mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-source-  $releasever&arch=$basearch     enabled=0     metadata_expire=7d     gpgcheck=1     gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch


How do I remove login password for Centos6.5?

## Question 1 On `Centos 6.5`, I have a username called `admin`. How can I make it so the system logs in automatically? ## Question 2 How can I configure system to login as `root` user when there are other users on the system? Please don't bother me with security risks as this is a testbed station. There is no sensitive information that I need to worry about. Thank you.


How to backup entire xen dom0 (on debian)

How do you go about creating a bootable backup ISO of my computer (dom0)? I have tried `remastersys` and this backs up everything but Xen does not work properly. LiveCDs also do not work. Does anyone have any ideas for how I could? Would a simple `cat /dev/sda > /dev/sdb` work ?


Running cron script with lynx fails to work

I'm trying to automate a login process that can only be done through a browser. I am using the lynx browser to script the actions required to do this. Lynx does this by dumping a user's keystrokes into a file and then it allows a flag: `-cmd_script=scriptfile` to load the script. I invoke lynx:               lynx -accept_all_cookies -cmd_script="myscript.lynx" www.example.com      From my interactive terminal, the resulting script works perfectly for me. I have cron run the task and it doesn't work. I checked /var/log/everything.log and I noticed that when the script ran, lynx asks:               Your Terminal type is unknown!     Enter a terminal type: [vt100]      To fix this, I used the flag `-term=linux` which stopped the issue, but the login process still did not seem to get past the first page (by looking at the log file). I've tried as many suggestions as I could find. I copied the results from env (in the interactive terminal) and pasted them into the script to see if the environment would fix it, but alas it did not. Another note: My login process involves a redirect (which doesn't redirect in the lynx browser so I just follow the link it gives)


Writing a driver to fool *nix systems about having a GPU

I'm into something about writing a "Mock GPU driver" for *nix based systems. What I mean is that, simply I want to write a driver (Behind X-server obviously) to answer X's API calls with some debugging messages. In other words I want to fool *nix system about having an actual GPU. So I can make a test-bed for GUI-accelerated packages in console based systems. Right now, if I execute a GUI-accelerated package in *nix console based systems; it'll simply dies due to lack of a real GPU (or a GPU driver better I'd say). **So I want to know:**   * Is it even possible? (Writing a GPU driver to fool *nix about having an actual GPU)   * What resources do you recommend before getting my hands dirty in code?   * Is there any similar projects around the net? PS: I'm an experienced ANSI-C programmer but I don't have any clue in real Kernel/Driver development under *nix (read some tutorials about USB driver development though), so any resources about these areas will be really appreciated as well. Thanks in advance.


Find all occurances in a file with sed

Using OPEN STEP 4.2 OS... I am currently using the following `sed` Command:               sed -n '1,/141.299.99.1/p' TESTFILE | tail -3      This command will find one instance in a file with the ip of 141.299.99.1 and also include 3 lines before it which is all good, with the exception that I would also like to find all the instances of the IP and the 3 lines before it and not just the first.


bash 'nounset' on sub-shell/child doesn't force main script to exit, how to workaround that globally?

With this script: _tstNounset.sh_               #!/bin/bash     set -x      set -o nounset;set -u          echo `echo $str`     function FUNC1() { echo $str; };export -f FUNC1;bash -c FUNC1     function FUNC2() { set -u;echo $str; };export -f FUNC2;bash -c FUNC2     echo "A - should not reach here?"     echo $str     echo "B - doesnt reach here."      I would like to prevent reaching "A", in a global manner, not requiring to check each variable for it. Also without using `set -e` (as I take care of errors and workaround most already, as many also are only warnings) I thought if there could have some way to detect **"unbound variable"** happened even from subshell/child, so I could force an exit from that? I couldnt make things work from How to have a bash script perform a specific action on errors of _each_ command? or How to trigger error using Trap command also. I found this old question too.


Bash code runs correctly when it is executed in terminal but does not work properly when executed using udev

I am trying to move various files present in a pendrive into their respective folders on PC. ie ,Music files into music folder,text files into Documents and so on.. I have written a script for that and it is working fine(all files are being moved into their respective folders) when I execute by typing ./cpphone.sh but when I use a udev rule the script not executing correctly (No files are being moved into their folders) however the echo's are being stored into the file testlog.txt. So the script is being executed but files are not being moved.Why is it so?. Script is owned by the root. My Udev rule is ACTION=="add", RUN+="/lib/udev/cpphone.sh" My script is                   #!/bin/bash         echo Hello > /home/ArunReddy/testlog.txt         exec 1>/dev/null 2>&1           DIR=$(date +%d-%m-%y)               if [ ! -d /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/"$DIR" ];         then             cd /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/         mkdir $DIR         fi              if [ ! -d /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/"$DIR" ];         then         cd /home/ArunReddy/Documents/             mkdir $DIR         fi              if [ ! -d /home/ArunReddy/Videos/"$DIR" ];         then         cd /home/ArunReddy/Videos/         mkdir $DIR         fi              if [ ! -d /home/ArunReddy/Music/"$DIR" ];         then         cd /home/ArunReddy/Music/         mkdir $DIR         fi              cd /run/media/ArunReddy/121C-E137         mv *.png /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/$DIR/         echo pngfilecmd executed>/home/ArunReddy/testlog.txt         mv *.jpg /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/$DIR/         mv *.bmp /home/ArunReddy/Pictures/$DIR/         mv *.txt /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.odt /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.doc /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.pptx /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.pdf /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.ppt /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.docx /home/ArunReddy/Documents/$DIR/         mv *.avi /home/ArunReddy/Videos/$DIR/         mv *.flv /home/ArunReddy/Videos/$DIR/         mv *.MP4 /home/ArunReddy/Videos/$DIR/         mv *.mpeg /home/ArunReddy/Videos/$DIR/         mv *.MP3 /home/ArunReddy/Music/$DIR/         exit


Masquerading a From address in the format servername@mycompany.local in sendmail

* Oracle Linux 5.10   * Sendmail version 8.13.8 I'm attempting to send email from a linux server to an Exchange Server and have it delivered to an external address.   Emails are currently being delivered to the exchanges server but are not being forwarded.   The exchange admin at our company tells me that I need to masquerade the From: address to be in the format of servername@mycompany.local.   I currently have the following values set in `sendmail.mc`:                  dnl MASQUERADE_AS(`gordmans.com')dnl        dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(gordmans.com)dnl      I am still getting a ctladdr in the maillog of "servername.mycompany.net", which is the same as the output of hostname -f How do I configure sendmail to send the right From: address?


What modules in the Linux source code take care of hot-pluggability?

Could someone shed more light on the code/modules that are responsible for the hot-pluggabilty of the hardware used in Linux machines?


CentOs eth2 wont start on reboot

I have Cent OS 6.4 inside my virtualbox with two ethernet devices. One is connected to the internet with NAT, the other is connected to the internal network. here is my eth2 config file               cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2      DEVICE=eth2      BOOTPROTO=none      NM_CONTROLLED=no     ONBOOT=yes      NAME='internal network'     NETWORK=10.0.1.0      NETMASK=255.255.255.0      IPADDR=10.0.1.27      USERCTL=no      if I run               /etc/init.d/network restart      the interface gets set up and everything works, but I have to run that after each reboot. How can I have that network configured after a reboot too. I thought **ONBOOT** was the only flag I needed. Edit: I had run               # chkconfig network on     # chkconfig | grep network       network           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off      Edit2: The problem vas that NetworkManager was on and the settings got overriden. Solved it with:               chkconfig NetworkManager off


How to limit the number of messages sent through a mail server?

I am running a small server on a LAN and do not expect more than a couple dozen emails an hour or so. A user on the LAN accidentally set off a few thousand emails at once. Is there a tool or setting (using exim4, but any popular open source MTA available on Ubuntu will do) that could temporarily block such episodes or at least send a notification so that the excitement can be contained? Nothing came up in a quick search, so even useful search terms would be helpful as an answer.


How Debian package should create user accounts?

The package `qqq.deb` installs the program `qqq` that should run from `uqqq` user account. The package consist of the `qqq` program, `qqq.conf` config file and `/etc/init.d/qqq` initscript. How should the package manage the creation of user `uqqq`? Are there any best practices or official guidelines about this?   1. Just create the user automatically `uqqq` in postinst;   2. Create the user automatically on first startup from `/etc/init.d/qqq` script;   3. Create the user automatically on first startup of `qqq` program (without arguments)   4. Don't create any user accounts, refuse to start unless the user is explicitly created by administrator (for example, using `qqq --create-user`);   5. Don't create any user accounts, run unsafely from root by default;   6. Interactively ask in postinst, init.d script or the `qqq` itself whether to create a user. Should the package remove the user account when uninstalled?


How to manage getops argument assignation

This is my first question. I'm trying to make a small script with options and I'm using `getopts` to do it. The weird thing is: The argument don't get assigned to the variable or it always enter the `if` codeblock (that seems the problem). Here is the script:               #!/bin/bash          function work () {         echo "It Works" }          function help () {         echo "Print some help and options" }          while getopts ha:b: OPT; do         case $OPT in             -h)                 help                 exit                 ;;             -a)             OPTA=$OPTARG             ;;             -b)             OPTB=$OPTARG                 ;;             \?)             help                 break                 ;;         esac done          echo $OPTB          if  [[ -z $OPTB ]]; then         echo "ERROR. Needs OPTB"     fi          if [[ -n $OPTB ]]; then         echo "All OK untill here"         work     fi      It allways prints the ERROR message.


how to calculate the average value of the column(big number of columns) that have the row ID?

I want to calculate the average value of my data when they have the same ID in the first column. I want to calculate the average values for the remaining columns that have the same value in the first column. I know how to do it for one column, but I got difficulty in doing the average for the whole columns I have. Here is my sample data File name: abraham               year    1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54     1929    7.5 0   7.78    3.695   1.139   0.186   -0.074  -0.205  -0.323  -0.434  -0.539  -0.639  -0.735  -0.916  -1.085  -1.241  -1.387  -1.522  -1.818  -2.058  -2.247  -2.389  -2.488  -2.551  -2.582  -2.521  -2.404  -2.262  -2.118  -1.987  -1.872  -1.775  -1.691  -1.628  -1.578  -1.484  -1.395  -1.311  -1.229  -1.151  -1.075  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1929    6.11    0   6.112   3.536   1.227   0.252   -0.063  -0.201  -0.32   -0.43   -0.535  -0.634  -0.73   -0.91   -1.078  -1.234  -1.379  -1.512  -1.806  -2.046  -2.236  -2.378  -2.478  -2.54   -2.573  -2.515  -2.402  -2.262  -2.119  -1.988  -1.873  -1.776  -1.692  -1.629  -1.578  -1.484  -1.395  -1.311  -1.229  -1.151  -1.075  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1929    2.22    0   2.227   2.542   1.022   0.222   -0.058  -0.198  -0.317  -0.427  -0.531  -0.63   -0.725  -0.905  -1.072  -1.227  -1.371  -1.505  -1.798  -2.038  -2.227  -2.37   -2.471  -2.533  -2.567  -2.512  -2.4    -2.262  -2.12   -1.989  -1.874  -1.776  -1.693  -1.63   -1.579  -1.485  -1.395  -1.311  -1.229  -1.151  -1.075  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1929    2.78    0   2.779   1.993   0.819   0.18    -0.056  -0.195  -0.314  -0.424  -0.527  -0.626  -0.721  -0.9    -1.066  -1.221  -1.364  -1.498  -1.79   -2.03   -2.219  -2.362  -2.464  -2.526  -2.562  -2.509  -2.399  -2.262  -2.12   -1.99   -1.875  -1.777  -1.693  -1.63   -1.579  -1.485  -1.396  -1.311  -1.229  -1.151  -1.075  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1930    0.83    0   0.833   0.85    0.354   0.073   -0.052  -0.187  -0.305  -0.414  -0.517  -0.614  -0.708  -0.885  -1.049  -1.202  -1.344  -1.477  -1.768  -2.006  -2.196  -2.34   -2.442  -2.508  -2.549  -2.5    -2.395  -2.261  -2.122  -1.992  -1.877  -1.779  -1.695  -1.631  -1.58   -1.485  -1.396  -1.311  -1.23   -1.151  -1.076  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1930    -0.28   0   -0.278  0.461   0.242   0.049   -0.052  -0.185  -0.302  -0.411  -0.513  -0.61   -0.704  -0.88   -1.044  -1.196  -1.338  -1.47   -1.761  -1.999  -2.188  -2.332  -2.435  -2.502  -2.544  -2.498  -2.394  -2.261  -2.122  -1.992  -1.878  -1.779  -1.695  -1.631  -1.581  -1.486  -1.396  -1.312  -1.23   -1.152  -1.076  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1930    0.56    0.002   0.511   0.348   0.165   0.033   -0.052  -0.183  -0.299  -0.407  -0.509  -0.607  -0.7    -0.875  -1.038  -1.19   -1.332  -1.463  -1.753  -1.991  -2.18   -2.325  -2.429  -2.496  -2.54   -2.495  -2.393  -2.261  -2.123  -1.993  -1.878  -1.78   -1.696  -1.632  -1.581  -1.486  -1.396  -1.312  -1.23   -1.152  -1.076  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1930    3.89    0   3.884   0.96    0.243   0.041   -0.052  -0.181  -0.297  -0.404  -0.506  -0.603  -0.696  -0.87   -1.033  -1.184  -1.325  -1.457  -1.746  -1.983  -2.173  -2.318  -2.422  -2.49   -2.536  -2.492  -2.391  -2.26   -2.123  -1.994  -1.879  -1.78   -1.696  -1.632  -1.581  -1.486  -1.397  -1.312  -1.23   -1.152  -1.076  -1.002  -0.86   -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.558     1931    -7.22   0.057   -4.563  -0.299  0.035   0.007   -0.054  -0.175  -0.286  -0.391  -0.49   -0.585  -0.676  -0.847  -1.007  -1.156  -1.295  -1.425  -1.711  -1.947  -2.136  -2.282  -2.389  -2.46   -2.514  -2.478  -2.384  -2.259  -2.125  -1.996  -1.882  -1.783  -1.698  -1.633  -1.582  -1.487  -1.397  -1.312  -1.231  -1.152  -1.076  -1.003  -0.86   -0.722  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.307   0.444   0.558     1931    -6.11   0.057   -4.1    -0.663  0.004   -0.001  -0.055  -0.174  -0.284  -0.388  -0.487  -0.581  -0.672  -0.843  -1.002  -1.151  -1.289  -1.419  -1.704  -1.94   -2.129  -2.275  -2.382  -2.454  -2.51   -2.476  -2.383  -2.258  -2.125  -1.997  -1.883  -1.783  -1.698  -1.633  -1.583  -1.487  -1.397  -1.312  -1.231  -1.152  -1.076  -1.003  -0.86   -0.722  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.307   0.444   0.558     1931    -10.28  0.057   -6.362  -1.527  0   -0.001  -0.055  -0.173  -0.283  -0.386  -0.484  -0.578  -0.668  -0.839  -0.997  -1.145  -1.283  -1.413  -1.697  -1.933  -2.122  -2.268  -2.376  -2.448  -2.506  -2.473  -2.382  -2.258  -2.125  -1.998  -1.883  -1.784  -1.698  -1.633  -1.583  -1.487  -1.398  -1.312  -1.231  -1.152  -1.076  -1.003  -0.86   -0.722  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.307   0.444   0.558     1931    -10 0.057   -7.018  -2.259  -0.001  -0.001  -0.056  -0.172  -0.281  -0.384  -0.481  -0.575  -0.665  -0.834  -0.992  -1.14   -1.278  -1.406  -1.691  -1.926  -2.115  -2.261  -2.369  -2.443  -2.501  -2.47   -2.38   -2.258  -2.125  -1.998  -1.884  -1.784  -1.699  -1.634  -1.583  -1.487  -1.398  -1.313  -1.231  -1.152  -1.076  -1.003  -0.86   -0.722  -0.588  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.307   0.444   0.558      desired output               year    1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54     1929    4.6525  0   4.7245  2.9415  1.05175 0.21    -0.06275    -0.19975    -0.3185 -0.42875    -0.533  -0.63225    -0.72775    -0.90775    -1.07525    -1.23075    -1.37525    -1.50925    -1.803  -2.043  -2.23225    -2.37475    -2.47525    -2.5375 -2.571  -2.51425    -2.40125    -2.262  -2.11925    -1.9885 -1.8735 -1.776  -1.69225    -1.62925    -1.5785 -1.4845 -1.39525    -1.311  -1.229  -1.151  -1.075  -1.002  -0.859  -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.559     1930    1.25    0.0005  1.2375  0.65475 0.251   0.049   -0.052  -0.184  -0.30075    -0.409  -0.51125    -0.6085 -0.702  -0.8775 -1.041  -1.193  -1.33475    -1.46675    -1.757  -1.99475    -2.18425    -2.32875    -2.432  -2.499  -2.54225    -2.49625    -2.39325    -2.26075    -2.1225 -1.99275    -1.878  -1.7795 -1.6955 -1.6315 -1.58075    -1.48575    -1.39625    -1.31175    -1.23   -1.15175    -1.076  -1.002  -0.85925    -0.721  -0.587  -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.308   0.445   0.55875     1931    -8.4025 0.057   -5.51075    -1.187  0.0095  0.001   -0.055  -0.1735 -0.2835 -0.38725    -0.4855 -0.57975    -0.67025    -0.84075    -0.9995 -1.148  -1.28625    -1.41575    -1.70075    -1.9365 -2.1255 -2.2715 -2.379  -2.45125    -2.50775    -2.47425    -2.38225    -2.25825    -2.125  -1.99725    -1.883  -1.7835 -1.69825    -1.63325    -1.58275    -1.487  -1.3975 -1.31225    -1.231  -1.152  -1.076  -1.003  -0.86   -0.722  -0.58725    -0.456  -0.328  -0.171  -0.017  0.068   0.151   0.307   0.444   0.558


Firefox mimetypes.rdf

Is it possible to create a default `mimeTypes.rdf` file for all the existing and new users ? So that whenever a user opens the firefox for the very first time, he will get the specified rdf file in his profile @ `~/.mozilla/firefox/*/mimeTypes.rdf`


Booting linux from usb using EFI

I need to use a USB drive as an installation media for my Mint and Ubuntu. For that I have unetbootin to make the usb bootable. But my PC only supports EFI boot (while adding the boot device, I need to provide an `.efi` file path etc). My question is how can I make my Linux distribution by copying some files (`.efi` file)? I have heard of a boot loader called `elilo`, but don't know how to use. And I tried rEFInd, rEFIt etc., they are booting from usb, but I don't know how to configure it to boot the Linux distribution in my usb drive.


Where do I download an RPM from?

Where do I download a source RPM from?


How to modify GRUB to boot from e.g.: USB or CDROM?

I have an installed Ubuntu (or e.g.: Fedora).   I need to boot from a CD or a pendrive.   I don't have access to the BIOS, so I can't set it to boot from a CDROM or from an USB flash drive. But I have root access to the installed Ubuntu (or e.g. Fedora).   So I though I would somehow modify the GRUB so that after the machine "boots from the HDD", the "GRUB boots from the USB flash drive". Is this possible?


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On Linux I use `flock lock command` to execute a command with an exclusive lock. What is the standard operating system command of Solaris 10 to do the same in a shell?


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I have two user-home-directories in `/home/`, `/home/user1` and `/home/user2`, whereas `user1` is encrypted (using ecryptfs) and `user2` is not. If I use `rsync` like this (invoked as `user1` which is a `sudo` user)               sudo rsync -avX -x --compress-level=0 --stats -h  --exclude-from=excludelist --numeric-ids --link-dest=/remotpath/current/home /home/ user@host:/remotepath/incomplete/home/      and `excludelist` just contains `\- .Private` It skips `/home/user1` completely and backs up only `/home/user2`. If I remove the exclude-option same problem (but also transfers the encrypted content in `.Private`). Any idea, what may be wrong here?


How to initiate SMTP outbound traffic via secondary interface - Linux Sendmail

We have sendmail running in a RHEL box. We have two public IP address configured in the same box, one for SAP app and other for Sendmail. First interface will be used for SAP and second for Sendmail. I have `bind`ed the Sendmail daemon on secondary NIC, but when I send out a mail, traffic is getting initiated via the primary NIC and connection is getting refused as port 25 is blocked for the _this_ NIC in the firewall. Can someone please help me out to resolve this? Should I make changes in Sendmail's config to route SMTP traffic via secondary NIC, or should I play with IPtables to get this done? I need some ideas. Thanks in advance for the reply. Christopher As requested:               $ route -n     Kernel IP routing table     Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface     xxx.x.x.32      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.240 U     0      0        0 eth1     10.90.9.96      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.224 U     0      0        0 eth0     0.0.0.0         xx.x.x.33       0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth1


Configure dwm to automatically open applications

I've just got dwm configured to my liking in terms of colors and tags. I'm just looking for one more thing: the ability to have certain applications automatically start with dwm on certain tags. For example, I have a `irc` tag, I would like `irssi` to be run in that tag when I start my machine up. Is this possible? What would it look like in `config.h`?


Is it possible to view the list of file names of a zip file which is inside another zip file?

I know I can use `unzip -l file.zip` to view the file list of a zip file. But a got a zip file inside another zip file. I tried `unzip -l file.zip/sub_file.zip`, but failed. Is it possible to view the file list of the `sub_file.zip` without extract it out?


Do duplicate udev rules in different files cause any problems?

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Is this error message something that I should be worried about?               linux-y3pi:/usr/src/linux-2.6.38.8 # make modules     scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig Kconfig       CHK     include/linux/version.h       CHK     include/generated/utsrelease.h       CALL    scripts/checksyscalls.sh       Building modules, stage 2.       MODPOST 2516 modules     ***WARNING: modpost: Found 10 section mismatch(es).***     To see full details build your kernel with:     'make CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y'


debian - Package development, where's the path of compiled packages

Where's the path of compiled packages from source on debian ? for example:               git clone git://github.com/lightspark/lightspark.git     cd lightspark     dpkg-buildpackage     [...long output...]     dpkg-buildpackage: full upload; Debian-native package (full source is included)      then the packages is compiled successfully, but where the package (.deb) and source packages is located ?


Can anyone tell me how to install broadcom-wl-5.10.91.9.3-1.fc12.noarch.rpm?

[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh wl-kmod-5.10.91.9.3-3.fc12.6.src.rpm      warning: wl-kmod-5.10.91.9.3-3.fc12.6.src.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 signature: NOKEY, key ID a3a882c1        1:wl-kmod                ########################################### [100%]     [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh broadcom-wl-5.10.91.9.3-1.fc12.noarch.rpm      warning: broadcom-wl-5.10.91.9.3-1.fc12.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 signature: NOKEY, key ID a3a882c1     error: Failed dependencies:         wl-kmod >= 5.10.91.9.3 is needed by broadcom-wl-5.10.91.9.3-1.fc12.noarch


Commandline global proxy program?

I'm living in China, and lots of web service is not available or stable here like Github/Bitbucket/Imgur, When I'm using `wget`, `git` or some other commandline tools, I need using a proxy. Is there any tool to globally wrap socket connection in one terminal, so I don't need to memorize all the separate method for each commandline tools? I know there is some tools which can wrap std socket library.


upgraded to Ubuntu 13.04 Server, do-release-upgrade still shows

I upgraded my server to Ubuntu 13.04 Server a while ago. However, the notice that tells me there's a `New Release '13.04' available. Run 'do-release- upgrade' to upgrade to it.` still shows. Obviously, something somewhere went wrong, but everything is running fine. How can I fix this?


Rebinding "clear prompt" in mutt

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Byte-level versus file-level backups

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I can SSH and HTTP, but not ping or access particular UDP services over my LAN

So I've encountered a weird problem when trying to set up a Linux server running a variant of CRUX Linux. I am trying to configure it to be a Teamspeak server, but no clients can connect. The machine is on, I can SSH into it and access HTTP(S) services, and another TCP server program but I cannot ping the machine except from itself. The box is set to respond to ICMP requests, and this is the result of iptables:               Chain INPUT (policy DROP)     target     prot opt source               destination              ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere                 ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ssh      ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:http      ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:25565      ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED      ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:https           Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)     target     prot opt source               destination                   Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)     target     prot opt source               destination      I have also tried adding an explicit rule to iptables for the port for teamspeak (9987) using:               iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 0/0 --dport 9987 -j ACCEPT      but this makes no difference to the ability to connect. It seems like this is a network problem, but it's weird since the computer has an internet connection; it can ping other machines on the network; and I can access some of the services on it, but not, it seems, ICMP or UDP ones.


How to find what other machines are connected to the local network

How can I see a list of all machines that are available on the LAN I'm am part of.


Configuring screen, window problems

I Have recently started configuring "screen", I have included my `.screenrc` below. I have a problem that if windows 0 & 1 (containing bash) are idle for about 10 mins they will close only leaving window 2 containing irssi. Have I done something wrong? is there something i can do to stop this from happening? I have tried searching for similar problems or solutions but I am finding it difficult to find anything relevant.               startup_message off     autodetach on          shell /bin/bash      defutf8 on     altscreen on          hardstatus alwayslastline     hardstatus string '%{= kG}[ %{G}%H %{g}][%= %{=kw}%?%-Lw%?%{r}(%{W}%n*%f%t%?(%u)%?%{r})%{w}%?%+Lw%?%?%= %{g}][%{B}%Y-%m-%d %{W}%c %{g}]'          defscrollback 30000          # Default screens     screen -t bash-0    0     screen -t bash-1    1     screen -t irssi     2   irssi          select 0


Several questions about file-system character encoding on linux

Due to a lot of file exchange works between Windows (GBK encoding) and Linux (UTF-8 encoding), it will encounter character encoding issues easily, such as:   * zip/tar files whose name contains chinese characters on Windows system, unzip/untar it in Linux system.   * run migrated legacy java web application (designed on Windows system, using GBK encoding in JSP) which write GBK-encoding-named files to disk.   * ftp get/put GBK-encoding-named files between Windows FTP server and Linux client.   * switch LANG environment in Linux. The common issue of the previous mentioned are file locating/naming. After googled, I got an article **Using Unicode in Linux** http://www.linux.com/archive/feed/39912, it said: > the operating system and many utilities do not realize what characters the > bytes in file names represent. So, it's possible to have 2 中文.txt files with different encoding:               [root@fedora test]# ls     ????  中文     [root@fedora test]# ls | iconv -f GBK     中文     涓iconv: illegal input sequence at position 7     [root@fedora test]# ls 中文 && ls $'\xd6\xd0\xce\xc4'|iconv -f gbk     中文     中文      **Questions:**   1. Is it possible to config linux filesystem use fixed character encoding (like NTFS use UTF-16 internally) to store file names regardless of LANG/LC_ALL environment?   2. Or, what I actually want ask is: Is it possible to let file name 中文.txt (`$'\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87.txt'`) in zh_CN.UTF-8 environment and file name 中文.txt (`$'\xd6\xd0\xce\xc4.txt'`) in zh_CN.GBK environment **refer to same file**?   3. If it's not configurable, then is it possible to patch kernel to translate character encoding between file-system and current environment (just a question, not request implementation)? and how much performance con effect if it's possible?


How to transfer a VirtualBox OSE VM to the metal

I have a bunch of VirtualBox VMs (Linux and Windows) and would like to know how to transfer any of them to the metal.


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I am creating a cloning script to automate a minimalistic installation of Cent OS 5.5 on about 100 workstations of various hardware and age (2-10 years). The workstations are all either IDE or SATA. I am currently developing the script and testing it on VMs (ESXi 4) with virtual IDE disks. In the initrd I have commented out scsi_mod.ko, sd_mod.ko & scsi_transport_spi.ko, and it seems to work just fine for booting a VM that uses an IDE disk. The problem is that I don't have easy access to the physical workstations and there are no virtual SATA disks for ESXi, so I cannot test with SATA disks. Are the above SCSI modules needed on a workstation that only has a SATA disk? Are any SCSI modules needed for SATA disks (with a stock CentOS 5.5 kernel)? Thanks,   Lars


Fall-back for $VIM is invalid

I am working directly on a dev server and want to build my own `vim`, for my purposes, not for all system users. The build scenario is:               hg clone https://vim.googlecode.com/hg/ vim     cd vim/src     ./configure --enable-rubyinterp --enable-multibyte     make      The result of `./vim --version` is:               VIM - Vi IMproved 7.3 (2010 Aug 15, compiled Jun 22 2011 09:35:46)     Included patches: 1-230     Compiled by aeg@dev     Normal version without GUI.  Features included (+) or not (-):     -arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse +builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent      -clientserver -clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments      -conceal +cryptv -cscope +cursorbind +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs      -dnd -ebcdic -emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search -farsi +file_in_path      +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() +gettext -hangul_input +iconv      +insert_expand +jumplist -keymap -langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent      +listcmds +localmap -lua +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape      -mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm -mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse      +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme +netbeans_intg +path_extra -perl      +persistent_undo +postscript +printer -profile -python -python3 +quickfix      +reltime -rightleft +ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +startuptime      +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white      -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands      +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore      +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard      -xterm_save         system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc"          user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc"           user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc"       fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/local/share/vim"     Compilation:      gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H     -g -O2 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1           Linking: gcc   -L.  -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic  -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,--as-needed -o vim       -lm -lncurses -lnsl         -lruby1.8 -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lcrypt -lm  -L/usr/lib      When I open the just-built vim I get following:               Error detected while processing /home/aeg/.vimrc:     line  148:     E484: Can't open file /usr/local/share/vim/syntax/syntax.vim      The problem is because there is no /usr/local/share/vim. I have my plugins in `./vim` and I want vim to look for this path. It is Debian, and `/usr/bin/vim` settings differ `fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim"`


Why am I getting a "Listing remote folder failed" error when I try to connect with SFTP?

I set up SFTP, but I have a problem regarding iptables. Here are my rules:               A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT     A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT     A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 20 -j ACCEPT     A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT      By the way, I'm using the `vsftpd` service for FTP. So, it's not connecting to FTP, before stopping iptables service. When I attempt to connect to FTP, that's gives me "Listing remote folder failed" error. What should I do?


What is a valid hostname label?

I set up my hostname to a number, where running `hostname` gives:               6592      But when I run `ping 6592`, I get:               connect: Invalid argument      I checked the related Wikipedia page, and it does say that such a hostname is allowed (IIUC). What am I missing?


FreeBSD 8.1 on MacBook 5,2

I've been trying to dual-boot FreeBSD 8.1 with Mac OS X on my MacBook (5,2), but am having trouble trying to get the live cd to boot. I reach the FreeBSD Boot Loader Screen with the options for boot, boot without ACPI etc. However, I cannot select an option. I have tried with both the built in keyboard and a USB keyboard, but I do not think that that is the problem... Previously I have tried dual booting Ubuntu, but had problems with the live CD also. During the boot process, the boot seemed to freeze, and the CD stopped spinning. I think it might be a similiar problem here. Soon after arriving at this screen, the CD stops spinning. Thanks for any advice! I've tried using both the _amd64 disc1_ iso image and the _i386 disc1_ image for FreeBSD 8.1 **Further Boot Info** When booting, Mac's EFI allows me to choose to boot from the CD. The screen goes black, then the following appears:               CD Loader 1.2     Building the boot loader arguments     Looking up /BOOT/LOADER ... Found     Relocating the loader and the BTX     Starting the BTX Loader          BTX Loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.0.2     Consoles: internal video/keyboard     BIOS CD is cd0     BIOS drive C: is disk0     BIOS 639kB/1047552kB available memory          Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf     /boot/kernel/kernel text=0x8d5503 data=0x129bf8+039f8 syms=[0x8 + 0xddbf8 + 0x8 + 0xca37e]      It then continues to the FreeBSD Boot Loader Screen, and freezes **Update** Having tried both the _amd64_ and the _i386_ versions of FreeBSD 8. **1** , I've tried using the _i386_ version of FreeBSD 8. **2**. It acts exactly the same as previous attempts, except that instead of freezing at the FreeBSD Boot Loader Screen (linked above), it prints some information to the screen as follows (below the boot loader screen, as it doesn't clear it first):               Copyright (c) 1992-2011 The FreeBSD Project     Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994         The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.     FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.     FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE#0: Fri Feb 18 02:24:46 UTC 2011         root@almeida.cse.buffalo.edu.au:/usr/obj/usr/src/GENERIC i386     Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0     CPU: Intel(R) Core(™)2 Duo CPU  P7350 @ 2.00GHz (1990.43-MHz 686-class CPU)              Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0x1067a Family = 6 Model = 17 Stepping = 10         Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,™,PBE>         Features2=0x408e3bd<SSE3,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,SSE4.1,XSAVE>         AMD Features=0x20100000<NX,LM>         AMD Features2=0x1<LAHF>         TSC: P-state invariant     real memory = 2147483648 (2048 MB)     avail memory = 1789763584 (1706 MB)     ACPI APIC Table: <APPLE Apple00>     AP #1 (PHY# 1) failed!     panic y/n? [y]      Then it freezes, I cannot even enter y/n. Again, thanks for any help.


How to change a hostname

During Debian installation, I set my hostname to the wrong value, and now I would like to correct that.


How can I forward traffic from my publicly available server to a computer that is not publicly available?

My home computer is behind an ISP-level NAT which does not allow me to host game servers as a result. I have a VPS which I use as a web server. I want to host a game server of Minecraft, but the VPS isn't powerful enough. Both my computer and my VPS are running Linux. My computer can connect to my server, but the server can not open connections to my home computer. What I would like to achieve is this:   * Some user connects to port 27015 on my server.   * The server then forwards all traffic from port 27015 on the server to port 27015 on my home computer via some connection that I opened with my home computer.  Can ssh do this? I know it can do the reverse. Is there some other program that does this if not?


Long time Windows user starting to use Linux - what is the essential knowledge I should learn?

> **Possible Duplicate:**   >  Good Introductory resources for linux I've been a Windows user since forever. I touched linux here and there, but my next job will have me use linux as my desktop computer 100% of the time. What are some essential tips/info I should know about?


Files have the same inode but they don't link to each other

I have a bash script in two places and I can't remember how I created them. they have the same inode but none of them seem to link to another. is there a hard link but should not Links count for that inode become two?               $ ls -l ~/bin/dropbox-backup      -rwxr-xr-x 1 bak bak 676 Aug 14 09:32 dropbox-backup          $ ls -l ~/Dropbox/linux/scripts/dropbox-backup      -rwxr-xr-x 1 bak bak 676 Aug 14 09:32 ~/Dropbox/linux/scripts/dropbox-backup          $ stat ~/bin/dropbox-backup        File: `dropbox-backup'       Size: 676         Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   regular file     Device: 806h/2054d  Inode: 528738      Links: 1     Access: (0755/-rwxr-xr-x)  Uid: ( 1001/     bak)   Gid: ( 1001/     bak)     Access: 2013-08-14 20:40:25.599322386 +0100     Modify: 2013-08-14 09:32:47.748546462 +0100     Change: 2013-08-14 20:40:25.591322386 +0100      Birth: -          $ stat ~/Dropbox/linux/scripts/dropbox-backup       File: `/home/rag/Dropbox/linux/scripts/dropbox-backup'       Size: 676         Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   regular file     Device: 806h/2054d  Inode: 528738      Links: 1     Access: (0755/-rwxr-xr-x)  Uid: ( 1001/     bak)   Gid: ( 1001/     bak)     Access: 2013-08-14 20:40:25.599322386 +0100     Modify: 2013-08-14 09:32:47.748546462 +0100     Change: 2013-08-14 20:40:25.591322386 +0100      Birth: -


Evoluent Mouse 4

I have this mouse: http://www.evoluent.com/vm4r.htm I configured it using:               xinput –set-button-map 15 1 2 3 9 8 0 0 4 0 5      s.t. the thumb buttons are the back forward wheel. (I want to be able to scroll using the thumb instead of the middle finger) The only problem is that when I click a thumb button, the computer scrolls by a certain amount. But what I want is that it scrolls as long as I hold the button pressed. Does someone know how to achieve this?


How to take a screenshot of an totally obscured window

I have a game running in the background, but I would like to take screenshots of the window which is not visible. Seems like all the screenshot utilities for X11 need the window to be visible. Is there a way to do this?


K3b to split volume across media

How do I get K3b to split a volumes across several media? For example if I give it a folder that has 6 GB (not one file of 6 GB), it should create several discs of 4.4 GB automatically, instead of me doing it manually? If K3B can't do it, is there any software that can?


Why can't we execute a list of commands as different user without sudo?

This question has been asked in a different way in other forums. But there has not been a decent explanation why you can't do the below in bash.               #!/bin/bash     command1     SWITCH_USER_TO rag     command2     command3      Usually, the suggested way is               #!/bin/bash     command1     sudo -u rag command2     sudo -u rag command3      but why is it not possible in `bash` to change to a different user at some point during the bash script execution and execute the rest of the commands as a different user?


fix webcam problem by changing its file in /dev/

At Ubuntu-Gnome 13.10, My webcam can be accessed by cheese; Also Skype determined the webcam, But it does not show any output for webcam at options window (Webcam also doesn't turn on). Skype determines the source file of webcam (USB Camera 093a:2627 /dev/video0). I want to change the webcam's file (/dev/video0) in order to help skype open the webcam correctly. Is this way correct? How can I do it. Or what is better way? Cheese shows the webcam output (Of course a little dark). Webcam model: Genius facecam 300 Thanks


Proxmox storage question

I am designing a proxmox installation for use as a home server, I chose it for the inherent flexibility and ease of administration, this restricts me to debian based solutions. So after some consideration I am looking at mounting LVM over a software based RAID 5 array. The hardware is a Dell T5500 with 2 xeon 2.66gig 4 core procs, 6 gig of ram, and 3 2tb hdds (more ram on order) Now that the background is out of the way this brings me to my question. Can I expand a RAID 5 by simply adding equal sized HDDs ie if the array is made of 3 2 TB HDDs can I add a 4th to the array and not have to many issues.


Solaris 10 Default File Permissions

I've created an NFS mountpoint with rw permissions. How do I set new files in a directory to be created by a specific user/group with certain permissions?


How to format textutil -excludedelements

I use `Geektool` on the Mac to display various information on my desktop. One feature of `Geektoool` is the ability to use shell mode to launch custom scripts or commands. I am not versed in any type of scripting, but find pieces on the web to use by copying and pasting. There are whole website dedicated to just this. I have for a long time used a command to pull a one day weather forecast from Weather Underground. However they have changed their site and the output of the script needs to be edited. I am now getting duplicate information being displayed. **Example**               Today is forecast to be Cooler than yesterday.     "weather_quickie": "Today is forecast to be Cooler than yesterday."      The script incorporates Textutil for the output.               curl -s http://www.wunderground.com/cgi-bin/findweather/getForecast?query=94965 |      awk '/Today is/ || /Tomorrow is/' | textutil -convert txt -stdin -stdout -format html      From the man page of `textutil`, it seems like the option `-excludedelements` can be used to edit out the extra info. However I can't understand the `-excludedelements` explanation, nor figure out how to format it. > excludedelements (tag1, tag2, ...) - Specify which HTML elements should not > be used in generated HTML (the list should be a single argument, and so will > usually need to be quoted in a shell context). I would like to edit out the "weather_quickie" part of the output. Any insight will be greatly appreciated.


where does history timestamp stored before i enable it

I tried to set timestamp for history. My first attempt was do `export EXTENDED_HISTORY=ON` command, and it seems like doesn't work. Then i do `echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%d.%m.%y %T "' >> /etc/bash.bashrc` command, and it works. After i enabled the timestamp, i do `. /etc/bash.bashrc` to reload it, then i do `history` to show my history with timestamp. But the weird thing i noticed was how does the history can store the timestamp before i enable it? The first part of my history, all commands have the same timestamp 20:43:04: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/jxOlN.png) The second part, start from 619th command, the commands have save their own timestamp, **but at this moment, i never enable the history timestamp yet**. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/GdbkY.png) Instead, i enable the history timestamp at 694th command: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/TLrKK.png) My $HISTSIZE is set long time ago which was 1000 lines. I using Konsole 2.10.5 terminal and Ubuntu 13.04. I have no idea the cache is a feature from Konsole or bash. My question is, how and where does **history** store the timestamp before i do 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%d.%m.%y %T "' >> /etc/bash.bashrc`? And it seems like have limitation because not all previous history timestamp is store(i.e. 1st to 618th command share the same timestamp). May be it's because of 619th command is the first command for this konsole tab session, i don't remember.


USB Keyboard Hotplug Module not Working

The following module could be compiled and loaded without any error:               #include <linux/module.h>     #include <linux/kernel.h>     #include <linux/usb.h>     #include <linux/usb/input.h>     #include <linux/hid.h>          MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");     MODULE_AUTHOR("Parisa Bakhtou");     MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB_KBD Module");          static struct usb_device_id usb_kbd_id_table[] = {         { USB_INTERFACE_INFO(             USB_INTERFACE_CLASS_HID,             USB_INTERFACE_SUBCLASS_BOOT,         USB_INTERFACE_PROTOCOL_KEYBOARD) },         { }      };          MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usb_kbd_id_table);          static int kbd_probe(struct usb_interface *interface,         const struct usb_device_id *id)     {         pr_info("USB keyboard probe function called\n");         /* pr_info("Hello World!\n"); */         return 0;     }          static void kbd_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)     {         pr_info("USB keyboard disconnect function called\n");     }          static struct usb_driver kbd_driver = {         .name  = "usbkbd",         .probe = kbd_probe,         .disconnect = kbd_disconnect,         .id_table = usb_kbd_id_table,     };          static int __init kbd_init(void)     {         int res = 0;         res = usb_register(&kbd_driver);         if (res)             pr_err("usb_register failed with error %d", res);         return res;     }          static void __exit kbd_exit(void)     {         pr_debug("USB Keyboard Removed..\n");         usb_deregister(&kbd_driver);         return;     }          module_init(kbd_init);     module_exit(kbd_exit);      When I inserted it for the first time it worked every time I plugged and unplugged a usb keyboard: > /var/log/kern.log > > **_Sep 2 21:17:22 debian kernel: [11404.183318] USB keyboard probe function > called_** > > Sep 2 21:17:22 debian kernel: [11404.191438] input: Logitech USB Keyboard as > /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.1/input/input16 > > Sep 2 21:17:22 debian kernel: [11404.191936] generic-usb > 0003:046D:C31D.0002: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.10 Device [Logitech USB > Keyboard] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.1/input1 > > Sep 2 21:17:36 debian kernel: [11417.938737] usb 1-1.1: USB disconnect, > device number 7 > > **_Sep 2 21:17:36 debian kernel: [11417.938802] USB keyboard disconnect > function called_** But this is weird, after a `rmmod` and an `insmod` after that the log says the **usbkbd** is registered: > Sep 2 22:18:37 debian kernel: [ 2027.442962] usbcore: deregistering > interface driver usbkbd but there is no sign of it functioning in the log file and the logs that belong to that module and I've bolded in above piece do not apear. Does anyone know why?


Limiting readers on a pipe

I want to use a pipe to pass some security credential information from "process1" to another script. I only want authorized reader processes to be permitted to read the pipe. I am thinking I will create a temp pipe with process1, and only write to the pipe if the reader is a process is digitally signed or has a chksum that has been registered prior to the run. Has anyone done something similar and have any suggestions?


New Debian installation hanged

I installed a new copy of Debian on my laptop and upgraded it from testing repo. However, when I turn on my laptop, the system stops working. This error that I found in my logs is new for me and I can't find any good solution; every time I install Debian or upgrade it on my laptop this problem happens. ### dmesg               [  362.010297] ntpd            D ffff8802519c9350     0  2267      1 0x00000004     [  362.010302]  ffff8802519c9010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  362.010307]  ffff880251addfd8 ffff8802519c9010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880251addc80     [  362.010310]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff8802519c9010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  362.010314] Call Trace:     [  362.010328]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  362.010332]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  362.010336]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  362.010343]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     [  362.010347]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  362.010351]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  362.010357]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  362.010360]  [<ffffffff813e8301>] ? netlink_insert+0x131/0x220     [  362.010364]  [<ffffffff813a81a1>] ? SYSC_sendto+0xf1/0x180     [  362.010368]  [<ffffffff813a51ea>] ? sock_alloc_file+0x9a/0x130     [  362.010373]  [<ffffffff811950d5>] ? __fd_install+0x15/0x40     [  362.010378]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  362.010382] INFO: task NetworkManager:2486 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  362.010462]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  362.010538] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  362.010629] NetworkManager  D ffff88024ff1bb40     0  2486      1 0x00000000     [  362.010633]  ffff88024ff1b800 0000000000000086 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  362.010637]  ffff8800373d3fd8 ffff88024ff1b800 ffffffff81887b60 ffff8800373d36f0     [  362.010640]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff88024ff1b800 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  362.010644] Call Trace:     [  362.010648]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  362.010652]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  362.010661]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  362.010675]  [<ffffffffa06c582a>] ? ieee80211_unregister_hw+0x4a/0x110 [mac80211]     [  362.010683]  [<ffffffffa078f163>] ? brcms_remove+0x43/0x70 [brcmsmac]     [  362.010691]  [<ffffffffa0791181>] ? brcms_ops_start+0x2b1/0x310 [brcmsmac]     [  362.010703]  [<ffffffffa05e9d5b>] ? cfg80211_netdev_notifier_call+0x3db/0x600 [cfg80211]     [  362.010714]  [<ffffffffa06d7ce1>] ? ieee80211_do_open+0x2d1/0xd90 [mac80211]     [  362.010719]  [<ffffffff813c1ae6>] ? __dev_open+0xa6/0x120     [  362.010722]  [<ffffffff813c1da1>] ? __dev_change_flags+0x91/0x160     [  362.010726]  [<ffffffff813c1e8e>] ? dev_change_flags+0x1e/0x60     [  362.010729]  [<ffffffff813cee32>] ? do_setlink+0x312/0x980     [  362.010734]  [<ffffffff81294b7c>] ? __nla_put+0xc/0x20     [  362.010737]  [<ffffffff81294bb8>] ? nla_put+0x28/0x40     [  362.010747]  [<ffffffffa0602940>] ? nl80211_send_wiphy+0x3d0/0x2180 [cfg80211]     [  362.010750]  [<ffffffff81294969>] ? nla_parse+0x29/0xc0     [  362.010754]  [<ffffffff813d00b4>] ? rtnl_newlink+0x394/0x5d0     [  362.010758]  [<ffffffff813e6e3b>] ? netlink_dump+0x11b/0x230     [  362.010762]  [<ffffffff813ccd4e>] ? rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x8e/0x250     [  362.010766]  [<ffffffff813b5cfe>] ? __skb_recv_datagram+0xfe/0x4c0     [  362.010769]  [<ffffffff813b0703>] ? __alloc_skb+0x43/0x2a0     [  362.010773]  [<ffffffff813cccc0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x30/0x30     [  362.010776]  [<ffffffff813e96f9>] ? netlink_rcv_skb+0xa9/0xc0     [  362.010780]  [<ffffffff813cccaf>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x1f/0x30     [  362.010783]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  362.010786]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  362.010790]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  362.010794]  [<ffffffff813a7d64>] ? move_addr_to_kernel.part.16+0x14/0x60     [  362.010797]  [<ffffffff813a8843>] ? ___sys_sendmsg+0x3c3/0x3d0     [  362.010801]  [<ffffffff8119fa4d>] ? __inode_wait_for_writeback+0x6d/0xc0     [  362.010808]  [<ffffffff81096f80>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x30/0x30     [  362.010811]  [<ffffffff814aa961>] ? __do_page_fault+0x1d1/0x500     [  362.010818]  [<ffffffff8117b278>] ? __fput+0x148/0x210     [  362.010822]  [<ffffffff813a8eb9>] ? __sys_sendmsg+0x39/0x70     [  362.010826]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  362.010845] INFO: task ifconfig:2765 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  362.010923]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  362.011000] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  362.011091] ifconfig        D ffff880252627350     0  2765   2713 0x00000004     [  362.011095]  ffff880252627010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  362.011099]  ffff880250b13fd8 ffff880252627010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880250b13df0     [  362.011102]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff880252627010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  362.011105] Call Trace:     [  362.011110]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  362.011113]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  362.011118]  [<ffffffff81188980>] ? path_openat+0x100/0x670     [  362.011122]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  362.011125]  [<ffffffff813d3055>] ? dev_ioctl+0x365/0x5d0     [  362.011129]  [<ffffffff813a534d>] ? sock_do_ioctl+0x3d/0x50     [  362.011132]  [<ffffffff813a5798>] ? sock_ioctl+0x1e8/0x2c0     [  362.011136]  [<ffffffff8118b94f>] ? do_vfs_ioctl+0x2cf/0x4a0     [  362.011139]  [<ffffffff8118bba0>] ? SyS_ioctl+0x80/0xa0     [  362.011143]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  482.058075] INFO: task ntpd:2267 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  482.058169]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  482.058244] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  482.058336] ntpd            D ffff8802519c9350     0  2267      1 0x00000004     [  482.058341]  ffff8802519c9010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  482.058346]  ffff880251addfd8 ffff8802519c9010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880251addc80     [  482.058352]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff8802519c9010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  482.058359] Call Trace:     [  482.058373]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  482.058378]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  482.058382]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  482.058388]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     [  482.058393]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  482.058396]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  482.058402]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  482.058405]  [<ffffffff813e8301>] ? netlink_insert+0x131/0x220     [  482.058408]  [<ffffffff813a81a1>] ? SYSC_sendto+0xf1/0x180     [  482.058413]  [<ffffffff813a51ea>] ? sock_alloc_file+0x9a/0x130     [  482.058417]  [<ffffffff811950d5>] ? __fd_install+0x15/0x40     [  482.058423]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  482.058427] INFO: task NetworkManager:2486 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  482.058507]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  482.058582] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  482.058672] NetworkManager  D ffff88024ff1bb40     0  2486      1 0x00000000     [  482.058676]  ffff88024ff1b800 0000000000000086 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  482.058680]  ffff8800373d3fd8 ffff88024ff1b800 ffffffff81887b60 ffff8800373d36f0     [  482.058683]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff88024ff1b800 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  482.058687] Call Trace:     [  482.058691]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  482.058695]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  482.058705]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  482.058718]  [<ffffffffa06c582a>] ? ieee80211_unregister_hw+0x4a/0x110 [mac80211]     [  482.058726]  [<ffffffffa078f163>] ? brcms_remove+0x43/0x70 [brcmsmac]     [  482.058733]  [<ffffffffa0791181>] ? brcms_ops_start+0x2b1/0x310 [brcmsmac]     [  482.058744]  [<ffffffffa05e9d5b>] ? cfg80211_netdev_notifier_call+0x3db/0x600 [cfg80211]     [  482.058756]  [<ffffffffa06d7ce1>] ? ieee80211_do_open+0x2d1/0xd90 [mac80211]     [  482.058761]  [<ffffffff813c1ae6>] ? __dev_open+0xa6/0x120     [  482.058764]  [<ffffffff813c1da1>] ? __dev_change_flags+0x91/0x160     [  482.058768]  [<ffffffff813c1e8e>] ? dev_change_flags+0x1e/0x60     [  482.058771]  [<ffffffff813cee32>] ? do_setlink+0x312/0x980     [  482.058776]  [<ffffffff81294b7c>] ? __nla_put+0xc/0x20     [  482.058779]  [<ffffffff81294bb8>] ? nla_put+0x28/0x40     [  482.058789]  [<ffffffffa0602940>] ? nl80211_send_wiphy+0x3d0/0x2180 [cfg80211]     [  482.058792]  [<ffffffff81294969>] ? nla_parse+0x29/0xc0     [  482.058796]  [<ffffffff813d00b4>] ? rtnl_newlink+0x394/0x5d0     [  482.058800]  [<ffffffff813e6e3b>] ? netlink_dump+0x11b/0x230     [  482.058804]  [<ffffffff813ccd4e>] ? rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x8e/0x250     [  482.058808]  [<ffffffff813b5cfe>] ? __skb_recv_datagram+0xfe/0x4c0     [  482.058811]  [<ffffffff813b0703>] ? __alloc_skb+0x43/0x2a0     [  482.058815]  [<ffffffff813cccc0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x30/0x30     [  482.058818]  [<ffffffff813e96f9>] ? netlink_rcv_skb+0xa9/0xc0     [  482.058822]  [<ffffffff813cccaf>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x1f/0x30     [  482.058825]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  482.058828]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  482.058832]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  482.058836]  [<ffffffff813a7d64>] ? move_addr_to_kernel.part.16+0x14/0x60     [  482.058839]  [<ffffffff813a8843>] ? ___sys_sendmsg+0x3c3/0x3d0     [  482.058844]  [<ffffffff8119fa4d>] ? __inode_wait_for_writeback+0x6d/0xc0     [  482.058849]  [<ffffffff81096f80>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x30/0x30     [  482.058853]  [<ffffffff814aa961>] ? __do_page_fault+0x1d1/0x500     [  482.058857]  [<ffffffff8117b278>] ? __fput+0x148/0x210     [  482.058861]  [<ffffffff813a8eb9>] ? __sys_sendmsg+0x39/0x70     [  482.058865]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  482.058883] INFO: task ifconfig:2765 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  482.058962]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  482.059037] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  482.059127] ifconfig        D ffff880252627350     0  2765   2713 0x00000004     [  482.059131]  ffff880252627010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  482.059135]  ffff880250b13fd8 ffff880252627010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880250b13df0     [  482.059138]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff880252627010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  482.059141] Call Trace:     [  482.059146]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  482.059149]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  482.059155]  [<ffffffff81188980>] ? path_openat+0x100/0x670     [  482.059158]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  482.059162]  [<ffffffff813d3055>] ? dev_ioctl+0x365/0x5d0     [  482.059165]  [<ffffffff813a534d>] ? sock_do_ioctl+0x3d/0x50     [  482.059169]  [<ffffffff813a5798>] ? sock_ioctl+0x1e8/0x2c0     [  482.059172]  [<ffffffff8118b94f>] ? do_vfs_ioctl+0x2cf/0x4a0     [  482.059175]  [<ffffffff8118bba0>] ? SyS_ioctl+0x80/0xa0     [  482.059179]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  482.059183] INFO: task ip:2897 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  482.059260]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  482.059337] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  482.059427] ip              D ffff880250299350     0  2897   2896 0x00000000     [  482.059439]  ffff880250299010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  482.059443]  ffff880036debfd8 ffff880250299010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880036debba0     [  482.059446]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff880250299010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  482.059450] Call Trace:     [  482.059454]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  482.059457]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  482.059461]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  482.059465]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     [  482.059468]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  482.059472]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  482.059475]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  482.059479]  [<ffffffff813a7d64>] ? move_addr_to_kernel.part.16+0x14/0x60     [  482.059483]  [<ffffffff813a8843>] ? ___sys_sendmsg+0x3c3/0x3d0     [  482.059486]  [<ffffffff8119fa4d>] ? __inode_wait_for_writeback+0x6d/0xc0     [  482.059490]  [<ffffffff81096f80>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x30/0x30     [  482.059493]  [<ffffffff814aa961>] ? __do_page_fault+0x1d1/0x500     [  482.059498]  [<ffffffff8118ef65>] ? dentry_kill+0x1d5/0x230     [  482.059501]  [<ffffffff8118f014>] ? dput+0x54/0xf0     [  482.059504]  [<ffffffff8117b278>] ? __fput+0x148/0x210     [  482.059508]  [<ffffffff813a8eb9>] ? __sys_sendmsg+0x39/0x70     [  482.059512]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     [  602.106145] INFO: task ntpd:2267 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     [  602.106239]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     [  602.106316] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     [  602.106408] ntpd            D ffff8802519c9350     0  2267      1 0x00000004     [  602.106413]  ffff8802519c9010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     [  602.106418]  ffff880251addfd8 ffff8802519c9010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880251addc80     [  602.106421]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff8802519c9010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     [  602.106425] Call Trace:     [  602.106438]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     [  602.106442]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     [  602.106446]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     [  602.106453]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     [  602.106458]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     [  602.106461]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     [  602.106467]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     [  602.106470]  [<ffffffff813e8301>] ? netlink_insert+0x131/0x220     [  602.106474]  [<ffffffff813a81a1>] ? SYSC_sendto+0xf1/0x180     [  602.106478]  [<ffffffff813a51ea>] ? sock_alloc_file+0x9a/0x130     [  602.106483]  [<ffffffff811950d5>] ? __fd_install+0x15/0x40     [  602.106488]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b</code>              Linux deb 3.13-1-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.13.10-1 (2014-04-15) x86_64 GNU/Linux      ### syslog               May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058169]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058244] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058336] ntpd            D ffff8802519c9350     0  2267      1 0x00000004     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058341]  ffff8802519c9010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058346]  ffff880251addfd8 ffff8802519c9010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880251addc80     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058352]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff8802519c9010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058359] Call Trace:     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058373]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058378]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058382]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058388]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058393]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058396]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058402]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058405]  [<ffffffff813e8301>] ? netlink_insert+0x131/0x220     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058408]  [<ffffffff813a81a1>] ? SYSC_sendto+0xf1/0x180     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058413]  [<ffffffff813a51ea>] ? sock_alloc_file+0x9a/0x130     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058417]  [<ffffffff811950d5>] ? __fd_install+0x15/0x40     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058423]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058427] INFO: task NetworkManager:2486 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058507]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058582] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058672] NetworkManager  D ffff88024ff1bb40     0  2486      1 0x00000000     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058676]  ffff88024ff1b800 0000000000000086 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058680]  ffff8800373d3fd8 ffff88024ff1b800 ffffffff81887b60 ffff8800373d36f0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058683]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff88024ff1b800 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058687] Call Trace:     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058691]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058695]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058705]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058718]  [<ffffffffa06c582a>] ? ieee80211_unregister_hw+0x4a/0x110 [mac80211]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058726]  [<ffffffffa078f163>] ? brcms_remove+0x43/0x70 [brcmsmac]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058733]  [<ffffffffa0791181>] ? brcms_ops_start+0x2b1/0x310 [brcmsmac]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058744]  [<ffffffffa05e9d5b>] ? cfg80211_netdev_notifier_call+0x3db/0x600 [cfg80211]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058756]  [<ffffffffa06d7ce1>] ? ieee80211_do_open+0x2d1/0xd90 [mac80211]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058761]  [<ffffffff813c1ae6>] ? __dev_open+0xa6/0x120     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058764]  [<ffffffff813c1da1>] ? __dev_change_flags+0x91/0x160     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058768]  [<ffffffff813c1e8e>] ? dev_change_flags+0x1e/0x60     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058771]  [<ffffffff813cee32>] ? do_setlink+0x312/0x980     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058776]  [<ffffffff81294b7c>] ? __nla_put+0xc/0x20     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058779]  [<ffffffff81294bb8>] ? nla_put+0x28/0x40     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058789]  [<ffffffffa0602940>] ? nl80211_send_wiphy+0x3d0/0x2180 [cfg80211]     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058792]  [<ffffffff81294969>] ? nla_parse+0x29/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058796]  [<ffffffff813d00b4>] ? rtnl_newlink+0x394/0x5d0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058800]  [<ffffffff813e6e3b>] ? netlink_dump+0x11b/0x230     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058804]  [<ffffffff813ccd4e>] ? rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x8e/0x250     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058808]  [<ffffffff813b5cfe>] ? __skb_recv_datagram+0xfe/0x4c0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058811]  [<ffffffff813b0703>] ? __alloc_skb+0x43/0x2a0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058815]  [<ffffffff813cccc0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x30/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058818]  [<ffffffff813e96f9>] ? netlink_rcv_skb+0xa9/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058822]  [<ffffffff813cccaf>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x1f/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058825]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058828]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058832]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058836]  [<ffffffff813a7d64>] ? move_addr_to_kernel.part.16+0x14/0x60     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058839]  [<ffffffff813a8843>] ? ___sys_sendmsg+0x3c3/0x3d0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058844]  [<ffffffff8119fa4d>] ? __inode_wait_for_writeback+0x6d/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058849]  [<ffffffff81096f80>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x30/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058853]  [<ffffffff814aa961>] ? __do_page_fault+0x1d1/0x500     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058857]  [<ffffffff8117b278>] ? __fput+0x148/0x210     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058861]  [<ffffffff813a8eb9>] ? __sys_sendmsg+0x39/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058865]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058883] INFO: task ifconfig:2765 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.058962]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059037] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059127] ifconfig        D ffff880252627350     0  2765   2713 0x00000004     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059131]  ffff880252627010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059135]  ffff880250b13fd8 ffff880252627010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880250b13df0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059138]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff880252627010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059141] Call Trace:     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059146]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059149]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059155]  [<ffffffff81188980>] ? path_openat+0x100/0x670     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059158]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059162]  [<ffffffff813d3055>] ? dev_ioctl+0x365/0x5d0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059165]  [<ffffffff813a534d>] ? sock_do_ioctl+0x3d/0x50     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059169]  [<ffffffff813a5798>] ? sock_ioctl+0x1e8/0x2c0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059172]  [<ffffffff8118b94f>] ? do_vfs_ioctl+0x2cf/0x4a0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059175]  [<ffffffff8118bba0>] ? SyS_ioctl+0x80/0xa0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059179]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059183] INFO: task ip:2897 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059260]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059337] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059427] ip              D ffff880250299350     0  2897   2896 0x00000000     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059439]  ffff880250299010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059443]  ffff880036debfd8 ffff880250299010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880036debba0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059446]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff880250299010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059450] Call Trace:     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059454]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059457]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059461]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059465]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059468]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059472]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059475]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059479]  [<ffffffff813a7d64>] ? move_addr_to_kernel.part.16+0x14/0x60     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059483]  [<ffffffff813a8843>] ? ___sys_sendmsg+0x3c3/0x3d0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059486]  [<ffffffff8119fa4d>] ? __inode_wait_for_writeback+0x6d/0xc0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059490]  [<ffffffff81096f80>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x30/0x30     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059493]  [<ffffffff814aa961>] ? __do_page_fault+0x1d1/0x500     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059498]  [<ffffffff8118ef65>] ? dentry_kill+0x1d5/0x230     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059501]  [<ffffffff8118f014>] ? dput+0x54/0xf0     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059504]  [<ffffffff8117b278>] ? __fput+0x148/0x210     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059508]  [<ffffffff813a8eb9>] ? __sys_sendmsg+0x39/0x70     May  3 10:52:04 deb kernel: [  482.059512]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106145] INFO: task ntpd:2267 blocked for more than 120 seconds.     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106239]       Tainted: G           O 3.13-1-amd64 #1     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106316] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106408] ntpd            D ffff8802519c9350     0  2267      1 0x00000004     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106413]  ffff8802519c9010 0000000000000082 0000000000014280 0000000000014280     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106418]  ffff880251addfd8 ffff8802519c9010 ffffffff81887b60 ffff880251addc80     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106421]  ffffffff81887b64 ffff8802519c9010 00000000ffffffff ffffffff81887b68     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106425] Call Trace:     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106438]  [<ffffffff814a45d0>] ? schedule_preempt_disabled+0x20/0x70     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106442]  [<ffffffff814a6043>] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x133/0x1b0     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106446]  [<ffffffff814a60d6>] ? mutex_lock+0x16/0x25     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106453]  [<ffffffff813ccca0>] ? rtnetlink_rcv+0x10/0x30     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106458]  [<ffffffff813e8d1a>] ? netlink_unicast+0xca/0x1a0     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106461]  [<ffffffff813e910a>] ? netlink_sendmsg+0x31a/0x750     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106467]  [<ffffffff813a8036>] ? sock_sendmsg+0x86/0xc0     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106470]  [<ffffffff813e8301>] ? netlink_insert+0x131/0x220     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106474]  [<ffffffff813a81a1>] ? SYSC_sendto+0xf1/0x180     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106478]  [<ffffffff813a51ea>] ? sock_alloc_file+0x9a/0x130     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106483]  [<ffffffff811950d5>] ? __fd_install+0x15/0x40     May  3 10:54:04 deb kernel: [  602.106488]  [<ffffffff814aeb79>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b


Can I set a gnome keyboard shortcut to be a prefix key, like in emacs, tmux or screen?

I would like to setup some Gnome keyboard shortcuts to be a prefix-key, so that I can add several shortcuts with the same prefix. Eg. I'd like to be able to have `Super`+`x` be a prefix key, with the next letter determining the application to launch:   * `Super`+`x` `f` starts firefox   * `Super`+`x` `e` starts emacs   * `Super`+`x` `t` starts gnome-terminal Etc. Also, something like k as a prefix to workspace manipulation commands:   * `Super`+`k` `Left` workspace left   * `Super`+`k` `4` go to workspace 4 and so on. This is a natural analog to what `emacs`, `tmux` and other applications do with configurable shortcuts, and I can do this with the `stumpwm` window manager as well, but I wanted to try Unity on my new laptop and was trying to get the same efficient setup I had with `stumpwm`. Is this provided for in Gnome? Do I have to do some trickery to do this? It would be best if I could find a way to do this in gnome's keyboard shortcut editor.