Install C# plugin for Eclipse on rhel 6.5 Workstation

I've been trying to install a C# IDE or C# programming support on my Redhat Workstation, but no luck. I couldn't get Monodevelop running. Now I get these errors on the emonic plugin install for eclipse:               An error occurred while collecting items to be installed     session context was:(profile=PlatformProfile, phase=org.eclipse.equinox.internal.p2.engine.phases.Collect, operand=, action=).     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/edu.arizona.cs.mbel2_1.9.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.base_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.base.build.ant_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.base.build.csant_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.base.build.msbuild_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.base.build.nant_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.debug.core_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.debug.remote_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.debug.ui_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.debugger_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic/org.emonic.monodoc_0.4.0.jar     internap.dl.sourceforge.net      I'm trying to install this plugin:link to website Anyone got any ideas on C# for RHEL 6.5 Workstation? EDIT: This is the errors when I changed to the link to the link from my first answer:               `An error occurred while collecting items to be installed     session context was:(profile=PlatformProfile,     phase=org.eclipse.equinox.internal.p2.engine.phases.Collect, operand=,     action=).     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /edu.arizona.cs.mbel2_1.9.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.base_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.base.build.ant_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.base.build.csant_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.base.build.msbuild_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.base.build.nant_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.debug.core_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.debug.remote_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.debug.ui_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.debugger_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net     Unknown Host: http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/emonic     /org.emonic.monodoc_0.4.0.jar     ovh.dl.sourceforge.net`


Why is my Fedora 14 install failing?

While trying to install Amahi and Fedora 14 from 5 discs, I get this error: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/PMjK9.jpg) It says: > A fatal error occurred when installing the module-init-tools package. This > could indicate errors when reading installation media. Installation cannot > continue. When prompted, I opted to install the Fedora repository, the Fedora Updates repo, and added an Amahi repo. I didn't select the Fedora Test Updates repo. The checksums of the downloaded files are correct, and the media test approved all 5 of my CDs. What else could be the problem?


udev rule not working

I have created a `udev` rules which is supposed to mount a USB device, backup some datas et cleanup everything. I am actually working on a `Debian` server. There is the information about my usb device that I have with `lsusb` > Bus 001 Device 003: ID 054c:0243 Sony Corp. MicroVault Flash Drive (Actually the `lsusb` returns more Bus / Device, but I have to write them by hand since I am not posting from my Debian machine :)) Then I have written my `udev` rule called :               10-usb_back.rules      into:               /etc/udev/rules.d/      (I used 95 because the backup script takes some seconds and I want to run it as late as I can for avoiding to delay other stuff) And finally the rule itself:               ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="054c", ATTR{idProduct}=="0243", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/mount_usb"     ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="054c", ATTR{idProduct}=="0243", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/backup_database"      I have tried this too:               ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="054c", ATTR{idProduct}=="0234", RUN+="bash /usr/local/bin/mount_usb"      Unsuccessfully :( Then I restart `udev`               sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart      And when I plug my USB device I got this weird message: > [1348.295280] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through twice But nothing happened. No USB device mounted, no data backed up.               I looked with tail -f /var/log/message      And the USB drive looks like detected:               usb 1-3: Product Storage Media      usb 1-3 Manufacturer Sony`     ...      Something must be wrong somewhere but I don't know what, neither where :( Edit: Since I've been a little bit lazy because I can't rewrite everything from my server, please ask for further information if needed, such as the script or more logs messages :)


Weird behavior when sourcing .zshrc

I'm using `zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin12.3.0)` on the latest MacOSX. If it makes any difference, I have also enabled `oh-my-zsh`. The shell seems to be missing the `.zshrc` file when I want to source it. The result of the execution of the following commands should expose my problem clearly. (`~ »` is my prompt). **The file exists**               ~ » ls -l .zshrc     -rw-r--r--  1 user  staff  1882 May 16 10:43 .zshrc     ~ » [[ -r .zshrc ]] && echo "Exists"     Exists      **The file isn't read by "."**               ~ » . .zshrc     .: no such file or directory: .zshrc      I don't know what causes this behavior, especially that this works               ~ » . "$(pwd)"/.zshrc     Success!      My question is: **Why won't`. .zshrc` work?**


Trying to remove password echo in Redhat 5 when logging in

I'm running Redhat 5.6 with the gnome display manager. I would like to configure the login manager so that there is no echo of the password when typing it in (no asterisks or the like). I have edited the files `/usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf` and `/usr/share/gdm/factory-defaults.conf` and changed the line `#UseInvisibleInEntry=false` to `UseInvisibleInEntry=true`, but I still get a password echo of asterisks at the login screen.


How to determine the sequence of ordering certificates by browser?

I did a Mutual Certificate Authentication implementation with OpenSSL and Apache Web Server on CentOS platform. To simple explanation see this diagram: > * * * >   >   >                     ---------- >                   |  Root CA  |    // Self-Signed Certificate >                     ---------- >                         |   >                     ---------- >                   |  SiteA CA  |  // Intermediate Certificate signed by Root > CA >                     ---------- >                    |          | >                --------    -------- >              | Server1 | | Client1 |  //Certificates signed by SiteA CA >                --------    --------   >   > > * * * in Apache Configuration I edited next:   make a chain crt:               sudo cat server.crt rootca.crt serverCA.crt > server_chain.crt       edit ssl config :               sudo vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf      edit those four lines :               SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/server.crt      SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/server.key      SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/pki/tls/server_chain.crt      SSLCACertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/rootca.crt      and to make it (two-way) Mutual Authentication :               SSLVerifyClient require     SSLVerifyDepth  10      Then : restart apache=httpd service :               sudo service httpd restart      you know that you should give your browser root ca certificate and client certificate and while I was doing a Testing I did next: I removed `rootca.crt` from browser and noticed that Firefox and Chrome ask me for client certificate confirmation before telling me that the server is not a trusted, while Opera browser acts right, first tell me that it's not trusted and then show me Client certificate information. I was told that in IIS there's an option for telling the web server which one to ask about first, but I couldn't find that option here in Apache.   Can anybody help ?


Say I have a file's path, how do I reference that file's directory from the command line?

I can type:               dirname ~/home/blah/file.zip      for instance, and this works fine alone, but when I use this syntax as the parameter for some command it always reads 'dirname' as the desired directory. i.e.:               cd dirname ~/home/blah/file.zip     bash: cd: dirname: No such file or directory      Basically, how do I get 'dirname _file_ ' to be read as one entity?


Find the exact string with grep

by way of example, I've a big text file with many email address, using bash I need search/verify that an email exists (or no). Should be use (only) the "anchors"?               grep '^user1@example.com' text_file      or there're better ways? I need create a bash script and I'd like be safe.


Dead (compose) keys not working in GTK apps since upgrade

I'm running Kubuntu with KDE as my main desktop environment. A while ago I set up dead keys so I can type Chinese pinyin and other accented letters and special characters. As a side note, I use IBUS because it seemed to be easiest to set up my Chinese character IMEs with. Until the update, dead/compose keys worked fine in all applications. Now, they work in QT applications, but not GTK ones (such as this browser). This is unfortunate, as it's where I do most of my typing. My workaround right now is to type accents into KDE's launcher and copy past (Alt+F2, type using dead keys, Ctrl+X, Esc, Ctrl+V), which is kind of a hassle. I'm not sure what information is useful in debugging this, as it's been a while since I set this all up. Interestingly, the environment variable $QT_IM_MODULE has no value. $GTK_IM_MODULE has xim. I have ibus-gtk3 installed, I can post whatever information else would be helpful in diagnosing. I have pasted below the setup script that is in various places (ex. en_US, /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/ibus, etc.). I'm not sure which one takes priority, and I'm not sure any are being run, as QT_IM_MODULE has no value when I echo it, whereas these all indicate it should be "xim" by default if not ibus. I should mention also that the libraries (im-ibus.so, etc) mentioned below I do not have, nor can I find how to get them or where they are to link them. In fact, my gtk-3.0.0/ and qt4/ directories do not even have an inputmethod/ or plugin/ directory. This may be part of the problem, but again, it was working before the update, so I don't know.               # start IBus     # vim: set sts=4 expandtab:          # start IBus daemon     #/usr/bin/ibus-daemon --daemonize --xim     XIM=ibus     XIM_PROGRAM=/usr/bin/ibus-daemon     XIM_ARGS="--xim"          # set variables for the plain XIM     XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus          GTK_IM_MODULE=xim     # use immodule only when available for both GTK 2.0 and 3.0     IM_CONFIG_MARKER2=0     for IM_CONFIG_MARKER in /usr/lib/*/gtk-2.0/*/immodules/im-ibus.so \                             /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/*/immodules/im-ibus.so ; do         if [ -e $IM_CONFIG_MARKER ]; then             IM_CONFIG_MARKER2=1             break         fi     done          IM_CONFIG_MARKER3=0     for IM_CONFIG_MARKER in /usr/lib/*/gtk-3.0/*/immodules/im-ibus.so \                             /usr/lib/gtk-3.0/*/immodules/im-ibus.so ; do         if [ -e $IM_CONFIG_MARKER ]; then             IM_CONFIG_MARKER3=1             break         fi     done     if [ $IM_CONFIG_MARKER2 = 1 ] && [ $IM_CONFIG_MARKER3 = 1 ] ; then         GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus     fi          QT_IM_MODULE=xim     # use immodule when available for Qt4 (Qt3 has been long dead)     for IM_CONFIG_MARKER in /usr/lib/*/qt4/plugins/inputmethods/libqtim-ibus.so\                             /usr/lib/qt4/plugins/inputmethods/libqtim-ibus.so ; do         if [ -e $IM_CONFIG_MARKER ]; then             QT_IM_MODULE=ibus             break         fi     done          CLUTTER_IM_MODULE=xim     # use immodule when available for clutter     for IM_CONFIG_MARKER in /usr/lib/*/clutter-imcontext/immodules/im-ibus.so \                             /usr/lib/clutter-imcontext/immodules/im-ibus.so; do         if [ -e $IM_CONFIG_MARKER ]; then             CLUTTER_IM_MODULE=ibus             break         fi     done          DEPENDS="ibus, ibus-gtk|ibus-qt4|ibus-clutter"


Nginx Owncloud 4 produces "No input file specified."

I'm trying to setup an Owncloud 4 instance with nginx as a webserver. The host device is a Raspberry Pi with preinstalled Debian 6. When I try to open the URL to the Owncloud installation in a browser, I get a `No input file specified`. The installation is placed in `/var/www/owncloud/owncloud`. I use `spawn_fcgi` for cgi.   My nginx configurationfile `/etc/nginx/sites-available/default` looks like this:               server {              listen   80; ## listen for ipv4         #listen   [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6              server_name raspberrypi;              access_log  /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log;              root /var/www/owncloud/owncloud/;         index index.php;              # deny direct access         location ~ ^/(data|config|\.ht|db_structure\.xml|README) {                 deny all;         }              # default try order         location / {                 try_files $uri $uri/  @webdav;         }              # owncloud WebDAV         location @webdav {                 fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;                 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # or use php-fpm with: "unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;"                 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;                 include fastcgi_params;         }                   # enable php         location ~ \.php$ {                 include fastcgi_params;                 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;                 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # or use php-fpm with: "unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;"         }              location /doc {                 root   /usr/share;                 autoindex on;                 allow 127.0.0.1;                 deny all;         }              location /images {                 root   /usr/share;                 autoindex on;         }          }      My `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf` looks like this:               user www-data;     worker_processes  1;          error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;       pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;          events {     worker_connections  1024;     # multi_accept on;     }          http {     include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;          access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log;          sendfile        on;     #tcp_nopush     on;          #keepalive_timeout  0;     keepalive_timeout  65;     tcp_nodelay        on;          gzip  on;     gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";          include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;     include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;     }      Can you help me to find the misconfiguration?


How to make Chinese characters display properly on Chromium

When I use Iceweasel (Debian version of Firefox), I can see Chinese characters found on this page, but not when using Chromium. I instead see rectangles. This is on Debian 7 (Wheezy).


Inserting a file into another file using sed

I want to insert the contents of file1 into file2 after a matching PATTERN. I want to do it only after the first occurrence of the PATTERN. I would like to know the modification I need to make to the following command for my needs. `sed -i "/PATTERN/r file1" file2`


How to disable X support for emacs

After I install `emacs` package on Debian 7 (Wheezy), when I start it up on a GUI terminal, it opens a GUI (GTK-based). I would rather it just run from the terminal.


Are there any editline configuration files available to make it act more like readline?

With editline replacing readline in a few software packages I use, the annoyance is growing at editline's behaviors and shortcomings. Is there someone maintaining a configuration file to at least make editline as close in behavior as possible to readline?


How to check if port forwarding is enabled?

I have just set up a DNS server for my own network, and many guides online suggest to make sure that port forwarding on port 53 is not enabled. The thing that is not clear to me is this: should I configure this at the router level or at the firewall level? If I should do this on the firewall, how would I go about doing this on an Ubuntu Server 12.04? My home network has a few clients, an ESXi server and a home router. One of the VMs inside ESXi is the DNS server (running on Ubuntu Server 12.04) which is used to handle local DNS requests but is also configured as to forward requests for external IPs to Google's DNS servers.


Command line friendly virtual machine

I've been using Virtualbox for a while now, but the only way I've learned to interact with it is through the graphical interface. Is there a way for me to send bash commands to the vm through the commandline so that I can write scripts from the host that interact with the guest? e.g.               $ sendMessage vmName "echo hello"      I am willing to try new virtualization software. I am currently on a Mac and I would like to run a Linux guest this way. Edit: I want to run possibly malicious code to see its behavior. Ideally, I want to disable networking on the guest so that I can be sure the guest is completely isolated. I was hoping the guest and the host could communicate purely through stdin/stdout.


How to check that ssh login was successful in a script?

I do run `ssh server "svn info /path/to/codebase"` from php. It works fine but I wan to know how to check if the ssh login was not successful. I want to **check from my php script** that ssh server is up and **login process finished successfully**. How can do that?


How can I change the GTK engine on Cinnamon >= 2.0?

I just upgraded to Cinnamon 2.0.14 on my LMDE laptop and in this new version I am unable to change the GTK engine used. Menus and widgets in general look very ugly: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/C33hF.png) When they should look something like this: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/NBmVo.png) In principle, I should be able to change this using Cinnamon's own settings app in System Settings => Themes => Other Settings => Controls: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/ngO2R.png) However, while most options available in that window work (Window Borders for example), the "Controls" and "Icons" options are ignored. Starting from version 2.0, Cinnamon has become independent of Gnome and in fact conflicts with it. I have therefore had to remove Gnome to install this version of Cinnamon which may be relevant. I do have the necessary GTK packages installed though:               $ dpkg -l | grep engines | grep gtk | awk '{printf "%s  %-26s %-22s\n",$1,$2,$3}'     ii  gtk2-engines:amd64         1:2.20.2-3                 ii  gtk2-engines-aurora        1.5.1-3                    ii  gtk2-engines-candido       0.9.1-pablo4               ii  gtk2-engines-magicchicken  1.1.1-9                    ii  gtk2-engines-moblin        1.1.1-1.1                  ii  gtk2-engines-murrine:amd64 0.98.1.1-5                 ii  gtk2-engines-nodoka        0.7.0-1.2                  ii  gtk2-engines-oxygen:amd64  1.3.3-2                    ii  gtk2-engines-pixbuf:amd64  2.24.20-1                  ii  gtk2-engines-wonderland    1.0-8                      ii  gtk2-engines-xfce          3.0.1-2                    ii  gtk3-engines-oxygen:amd64  1.1.4-1                    ii  gtk3-engines-unico:amd64   1.0.2-1              So, how can I choose the GTK engine used by Cinnamon to make my new desktop pretty?


How to install Ubuntu in a netbook, but keeping the original win7 installation in storage

I have a Samsung N210 netbook. It has windows 7, starter edition. I´ve tried the latest Ubuntu version using a pendrive and loved it so far. **I would like to install it in my netbook, but I would also like to keep all my installation** in case something goes wrong (or I don´t like it after using it extensively), and want to get bak to my win7 install (wich is the original software, that came with the samsung and I have all original updates there). Is there a way to create a mirror and store it in an external storage drive?


Is there a command to switch to into an existing namespace?

I am using multiple UTS namespaces, each of them has some servers constantly running. I can get the namespace IDs via `readlink /proc/<pid>/ns/uts`, now I would like to change into a given namespace to do modifications there. As far as I understand from `man 2 setns` it should be possible to do this, by using the `setns()` system call. There is even an example program which could do what I am looking for, but I was hoping that there is already some utility that most distributions include which can do the same job. The `unshare` command doesn't seem to work for me because it only creates new namespaces to launch processes in, but it doesn't allow me to specify an existing namespace.


Downloading files over ssh based on a list of filenames

So here is what I have done already: I have a file called abc.txt which contains list of files. I am using abc.txt to move those files to a folder, tar that folder and finally I download the tar to my local PC from my server, which is running GNU/Linux. Here are the steps in list form:   1. abc.txt   2. abc.txt (listed files) -> folder   3. Folder -> folder.tar   4. folder.tar -> local PC. If abc.txt contains 2 files, for example:               example1.css     example2.css      I need to download those files from abc.txt separately and directly to the local PC. Since ftp or sftp need the file name to download it, how can I read that from abc.txt?


output while reading keyboard input

I'm trying to write a script that will `ssh` into a box, start a processes that needs to be monitored (by a human) for success or failure then move onto the next box and repeat. I've been trying to use tail or `tail -f` on the log that the process writes to, but I've yet to find a way to get the script to read keyboard input while the `tail -f` is running. Ideally I'd like to `tail -f` the log until I see the process was successful, press a key and have the script move on, OR press another key if the startup errors out and exit the script. Is this possible? So far I've only come up with:                   #!/bin/bash         kb=""         until [ "$kb" == "n" ]; do         tail /var/log/java-app.log         read -t 1 kb         done      It mostly works, but it's klunky. I'm starting up java apps and there are pauses so occasionally the same 10 lines are repeated and I have to hit `enter` to have the `n` acknowledged. I'd really like to use `tail -f` and still read (ideally 2) different vars from the keyboard. Is this possible? {edit}   I'm actually thinking that               tail -f /var/log/java-app.log | tee > ( grep -q "YADA YADA" )      Is my best bet. I can just `Ctrl+C` if I find errors.


How can I prevent drivers from binding USB devices on a certain bus?

I have a setup with two Logitech Unifying receivers, each receiver has a keyboard bound to it. One of the receiver is to be used by the physical machine to which the devices are connected, the other one has to be passed to a QEMU virtual machine. I am able to manually unbind one receiver following the instructions in How to use Linux kernel driver bind/unbind interface for USB-HID devices?. This method has some disadvantages:   * I have to determine the device identifier manually by looking at dmesg.   * Each time the virtual machine is closed, and on every reboot, the unbinding process has to be repeated. I then tried to find kernel module options that prevents the USB driver from binding it at all and found the `quirks` option for `usbhid`. Unfortunately, this parameter cannot be used since I have two identical receivers with the same vendor and device ID. The two devices are distinguishable by their separate buses. That is, `lsusb` looks like:               Bus 001 Device 003: ID 046d:c52b Logitech, Inc. Unifying Receiver     Bus 002 Device 002: ID 046d:c52b Logitech, Inc. Unifying Receiver      Is there a way to prevent `hid-logitech-dj` (or `usbhid`) from binding a USB device on a certain bus? The target machine is running Arch Linux 64-bit with a Linux 3.9 kernel.


How to count rows ordered by the first field in bash

Here is a snippet from the INPUT:               ...     ####################     Bala Bela;XXXXXX12345;XXXXXX12345678;A     SERVER345Z3.DOMAIN.com0     SERVER346Z3.DOMAIN.com0     SERVER347Z3.DOMAIN.com0     SERVER348Z3.DOMAIN.com0     ssh-dss ...pubkeyhere...     ####################     Ize Jova;XXXXXX12345;XXXXXX12345;A     SERVER342Z3.DOMAIN.com0     SERVER343Z3.DOMAIN.com0     SERVER345Z3.DOMAIN.com0     ssh-rsa ...pubkeyhere...     ...      And here is a snippet from the OUTPUT that I need:               Bala Bela;XXXXXX12345;XXXXXX12345678;A     4     Ize Jova;XXXXXX12345;XXXXXX12345;A     3      So I need an OUTPUT from the INPUT, so that I could see that how many rows starting with "SERVER" goes to given user (ex.: "Bala Bela;XXXXXX12345;XXXXXX12345678;A"). How can I do this in bash?


SSH login attempts per minute per IP

How can i limit SSH login attempts per minute per IP ? I want to disable login attempts during 5 seconds after a failure. Is this possible ? I'm not talking about ban a user after parsing logs like Fail2ban.


Keyboard-only captioning in digikam

In digikam 2.5.0, is it possible to caption a series of photos using only the keyboard? If yes, how?


Program for choosing computers to run X clients on - what are such programs called?

At my college some 20 years ago they ran HPUX and had several X-terminals (terminals with graphic-cards that ran an X server, but left the running of X clients to the main computer). The college had several servers, so rather than getting the normal Display Manager screen with GUI login and password prompt, you got a list of servers with their load-averages. Once you selected one of the server, you got the usual Display Manager prompt. What is the generic name of such a choosers? (I mean "generic" in the way WindowManager is generic as opposed to mwm, fvwm or afterstep and DisplayManager is generic as opposed to xdm, mdm and asdm). Is it a specific program, or something like an option to the DisplayManager? If it's a specific program, which are available? Are there any which is part of the standard X packages (or perhaps as a contrib)? * * * Wordlist (what I mean):   * DisplayManager: Used with GUI-logins, prompts for username and password.   * WindowManager: Draws window-borders, allows resizing, moving, minimizing etc. Often with extra functions (like DesktopManager).   * DesktopManager: Allow switching between separate and/or parts of an oversized desktop.   * DesktopEnviroment: Combination of WM, DesktopManager and a set of commonly used utilities and applicatins; all with a similar look and feel, all integrated (more or less) together, often with some standards about menu choices and buttons (easy to recognize between different programs).


How do I exit full screen after enabling via the right click context menu of kwin (KDE)?

This is related to my other question: Kate has no window borders, and thus no minimize, maximize, and close buttons In KDE, after right-clickin on any window border, or it's entry in the task manager, I can select `More Actions` and then `Fullscreen`. Once in this mode, normal window manager commands such as `alt`-`tab` and `alt`-`f4` no longer work. Moreover, the task bar and everything else remain permanently hidden until I quit the window via the `File` menu. ## How do I un-fullscreen a window managed by kwin?


Usb tethering with linux and htc desire s other than rndis_host

I want to share the connection of my htc desire s with linux and I'm doing it but if it is possibile I'd like to avoid using the `rndis_host` module. The tethering can be configured as "windows" or "mac osx" and actually it is set to "windows". Can I set it to "mac osx" and use more standard protocol? Which module should I enable in the kernel?


ssh reverse tunneling not working

So, I have a server and a home machine. My server can't talk to internet, but my home machine can. So, I set up a reverse tunnel through home to server using:               ssh -R 9001:www.google.com:80 server      Now, when I try to ping from server, it says unknown host.               ping locahost:9001      Any idea what am I doing wrong?


Linux not finding Serial Ports

I have debian6.0 installed on my machine. It has four comports of which 2 cannot be found. From looking that the systems bios I can see that the ports address are:               PORT      ADDRESS      IRQ     1         3F8          4     2         2F8          3     3         3E8          10     4         2E8          11      Ports 1 and 2 are found by debian but 3 and 4 are not. From what I understand I can setup the ports with this information using `setserial`. I tried:               setserial /dev/ttyS2 port 0x03e8 irq 10 baud_base 115200      but I recieve:               /dev/ttyS2: No such file or directory      Is it safe to create a file in `/dev` named `ttyS2`? and try to run the same command again? **edit:** As per jordanm's request:               # cat /proc/devices     Character devices:       1 mem       2 pty       3 ttyp       4 /dev/vc/0       4 tty       4 ttyS       5 /dev/tty       5 /dev/console       5 /dev/ptmx       7 vcs      10 misc      13 input      29 fb     128 ptm     136 pts     180 usb     189 usb_device     253 rtc     254 hidraw          Block devices:     259 blkext       7 loop       8 sd      65 sd      66 sd      67 sd      68 sd      69 sd      70 sd      71 sd     128 sd     129 sd     130 sd     131 sd     132 sd     133 sd     134 sd     135 sd      **EDIT:** so I made the device file with:               mknod -m 666 /dev/ttyS2 c 4 66      Than I tried to setup the com-port with:               setserial /dev/ttyS2 port 0x03e8 irq 10 autoconfig      but recieved:               /dev/ttyS2: No such device or address      There is in fact hardware for two additional serial ports.


Logout user with systemd

I start my window manager with systemd service units (following this tutorial). After I log in at `tty1` the following gets executed in `.zlogin` (I'm using ZSH as a login shell):               if [[ -z "$DISPLAY" && $(tty) = /dev/tty1 ]]; then       nohup systemd --user > ~/.xlog 2>&1 &       disown %2       logout     fi      Systemd starts a X server, a window manager, ... through service units. The problem starts when I want to logout.   _Should I simply execute`kill $MANAGERPID` to kill the systemd daemon ?_   It seems much cleaner to do a `loginctl terminate-session $XDG_SESSION_ID` but this command requires further privileges. **Here's the question: What is the preferred way to log out with the setup described above ?**


Open multiple files in Vim with a filelist

I have a file 'filelist' that contains the following lines:               text1.txt     text2.txt     text3.txt       I am looking for a command line invocation that opens the 3 files in vim. I tried the following:               $ cat filelist | vim -       and               $ vim < cat filelist      but those do not yield the desired result.


Grab certain contents of a file

So I know tools exist for this problem because I've heard about them, but I don't know what they are. I want to do something like filter out all data but the usernames in /etc/passwd. For example, I would want to grab user1, user2, and user3 from the following file. In this case, the logic could be "Grab text up to the first ':' on each line of the file".               user1:x:1:4     user2:x:2:5     user3:x:3:6      The output would be:               user1     user2     user3


Command 'date +FORMAT' — What are %a, %A, %b, etc. called?

The `date` command outputs the current date and time like this: `Fri Apr 12 15:04:03 UTC 2013`. To have the output date-time in a custom format we can use `date +FORMAT`, for example, like this: `date "+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%:z"` which gives something like `2013-04-12T15:04:37+00:00`. But I want to know what the `%Y`, `%m`, `%d`, `%H`, `%M`, `%S`, etc. are collectively called (i.e. the terminology). Also, what's the `T` called, as it's different from the rest?


Is it possible to affect the behavior of all vim commands in normal mode?

Is there a way to affect the behavior of all vim normal-mode commands? Say, after every command succeeds, I want to trigger some post-behavior.


Terminal-based spreadsheets and wordprocessor?

Are there any (good) _terminal based_ (ie. runs in a VT, not in GUI/X) spreadsheets or wordprocessors for Unix/Linux? Can anybody remember the name of such programs which were popular before (eg. before X became so widespread)? I know the "correct" way of doing wordprocessing in Unix is using a markup- language like LaTeX or GROFF together with a simple editor like vi or emacs... But what I'm wondering about, is if there is - or was (anybody remember an older program that did this?) - something like the old MS-DOS (pre-Windows) WordPerfect-like program for Unix? Where you didn't have true WYSIWYG, but where things like emphesize and underline was marked in the text with colors, reverse video and such. Programs that are more "front ends" for LaTeX or some XML-format to create wordprocess-documents are also of interest, provided they use the terminal and use colors and such to mark things like emphesized text (rather than you see the latex format-code). Eg. you press CTRL-I, the text you write turns reverse video, and is written to file inbetween format-codes for emphesize.


Live diff-mode editing in vim

I want a live view of diffs while I am editing a file. `vimdiff` is able to do something I want, like highlighting the differences between two files. However there are two drawbacks of `vimdiff` that holds me back. First, it cannot buffer the same file independently to allow a `diff` comparison. This problem can be easily worked around. I have the following shell script (call it `diffvim`) to make `vimdiff` buffer the same file independently (by making a temporary copy of the file under editing).               #!/bin/sh          # Differentially Viming          TMPDIR=/tmp/diffvim     FILENM=$1     FILEBN=$(basename $FILENM)          if [ ! -d "$TMPDIR" ]; then       mkdir $TMPDIR     fi          cp $FILENM $TMPDIR/$FILEBN && vimdiff $FILENM $TMPDIR/$FILEBN      The second drawback of `vimdiff` is that editing the _non-diff_ parts of one of the two copies of the same file does not trigger `diff` to recalculate the differences. One has to do it manually by invoking `:diffupdate`. I want this recalculation to be automated. The relatively convenient way I feel is to trigger it when I exit the _INSERT_ mode and enter the _NORMAL_ mode. This again can be easily done by adding the following mapping to my `.vimrc` file:               inoremap <Esc> <Esc>:diffu<CR>      However, it is not the perfect solution yet. Because if I do some editing in the _NORMAL_ mode, that is without entering and then exiting the _INSERT_ mode, recalculation will still not be triggered automatically after the editing is done. So I add another mapping to my `.vimrc` file:               nnoremap <Esc> :diffu<CR>      But this time, something strange happens. When I open a file for editing, some of the standard key bindings malfunction. For example, if I press key `h` or `l` (that is, any of them being the first command I issue after opening the file), all get me into _INSERT_ mode, while key `j` or `G` delete a line or the whole content, etc. But if after opening the file, I press key `Esc` first, then those commands work fine. Any idea what goes wrong? Do you have a work-around?


Reprepro : How to add the whole packages of different OS

First, I would like to apologize if this is an easy question to some. I am just a newbie so I am asking for your patience... I am trying to use Reprepro for my software repository. My question is how do I add the whole OS package to it. I plan to add wheezy, squeeze, lenny etc. Do I need to download it first or can Reprepro do the download itself.


VT100 terminal emulation to use with a Java-based 8-bit computer emulator

I'm successfully using GNU Screen as serial terminal to "talk" to my Altair 8800 clone (http://altairclone.com/) using serial line. The command I use is:               screen -istrip /dev/ttyUSB0      Screen does the VT100 emulation, strips off MSB from output etc. - works perfect. Now, I'm writing an emulator of the Altair 8800 in Java and would like to use some terminal emulator to connect and talk to it, just like it was a real machine through a serial device. What is the best way to solve this in the Linux world? Is there a way to use `screen` for that? Something tells me the solution is trivial, but I just don't know it yet.


Use awk results as parameters to another command

I'm extracting rows from a set of text files with awk. The files look like this:               1000    1    75     1000    2    76     1001    1    76     1001    2    80      I'm searching several directories of these with this command:               awk -F"\t" '$3 == "76" { print $1"\t"$2}' ../benchmark/*/labels.txt      awk is giving me the correct output:               1000    2     1001    1      Now for each found row I must execute a script passing these two numbers as parameters, like this:               ./build.oct 1000    2      What's the correct way to do that? I don't really care about script console output (it produces files).


Why does apache not define where to log by default?

When searching the occurrence of the chain `/var/log` in default configuration files of apache this cannot be found anywhere. But log files are defined as such               # part of httpd.conf     ErrorLog logs/error_log      I cannot understand how does apache decide where to placed its error log file. Why does not apache define exactly where the log files will be sent? Or, if you prefer, where is defined the root directory for log files in apache? Thanks for reading


Suppresss "~/Mail does not exist" in mutt

I use Mutt (1.5.21 on a headless Debian 7.2 Wheezy VPS) only occasionally, to see and delete messages from cron and the likes. However, it keeps pestering me with this non-existent ~/Mail folder. ![Mutt pestering](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Ap5Um.png) No need to say that it works perfectly with the folder not being created; I'm kind of miss the whole point of asking this every time. Can I disable the message? (Or if that fails, change the path to something invisible?)


Where is the appropriate place to deploy web apps?

I am a new sysadmin (by default). We have an ubuntu 14 server with two users. Both users need to deploy web apps to the (production) server. My plan is to create a folder off of root               /apps/      and then put each app in a folder there. Then add each user to a group and give that group permissions to read and write in that folder? Is that the clean/standard way to do this? Am I missing something? Interested in doing this properly.


How to get vhosts for a psyBNC?

I am not 100% sure if this is the right section, but I checked all the StackExchange sites and found this one to be the closest to my problem. I am currently setting up a psyBNC on a server. So far this works. I can connect to it with my IRC client. Now my problem is about the vhosts. When thinking about this point, I have several ideas in my mind (virtual hosts used with a web server or virtual hosts used for dynamic IP addresses) and no idea what to do with this point in psyBNC. I want to use a virtual host for IP address masking. What is required to set this up? Do I need to register somewhere like for a dynamic IP host? Or can I write down numerous fictive host names? What do I need to get and to set up to tie things together?


Permanent background ssh connection to create reverse tunnel: what is correct way?

Related question: initiate ssh connection from server to client Answer from there helped me a lot, this command does what I need:               ssh -R 2225:localhost:22 loginOfServerWithPublicIP@publicIP      So I wrote the script to reconnect all the time:                #!/bin/bash           while true; do         echo "try to connect..."         ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=240 -R 2225:localhost:22 user@host         echo "restarting in 5 seconds.."         sleep 5      done      And added it to the `/etc/crontab`. But I found out that works if only I execute it "by hand" from shell, but if it is called by cron, ssh connects and immediately finishes. (so, the script above reconnects all the time) From `man ssh`, I found that for background connections I should call it with `-n` key, but it didn't help. Then, I just looked around for similar scripts and I found that it works if I call `tail -f something`, i.e. some "neverending" command, so I just created empty file `/tmp/dummy_file` and now my ssh command looks like this:               ssh -o ServerAliveInterval=240 -R 2225:localhost:22 -n user@host tail -f /tmp/dummy_file      It works now! But, this solution seems a bit ugly, plus I don't really understand actual reasons of that behavior. Just by chance, I tried to call `bash` instead of `tail -f` (`bash` seems to me "neverending" command, too), but it doesn't work. So, could anyone please explain this behavior, and what is the correct way to create background ssh connection to keep reverse ssh tunnel up?


XRandR crops displayed area on certain multi-monitor configurations

I have total of four monitors. One (1680x1050) is connected to integrated Intel display adapter, and three (1440x900 and two 1920x1080) are connected to dedicated ATI display adapter. With certain XRandR configurations some monitors have their display area cropped, so that for example lower part of the screen is not usable. I'd like to use configuration like this one:               xrandr \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x1080 --rotate left \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x30 --rotate normal \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1080 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x0 --rotate normal      But the lower part (below the bottom edge of the bottom right screen) of the bottom left screen is cut off: ![Failure](http://i.stack.imgur.com/yUdiC.png) On the other hand, this configuration works:               xrandr \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x1050 --rotate left \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x0 --rotate normal \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1080 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x0 --rotate normal       , as shown here: ![Success 1](http://i.stack.imgur.com/guXIQ.png) Also this configuration works:               xrandr \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x0 --rotate left \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x1440 --rotate normal \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1440 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x360 --rotate normal       , as shown here: ![Success 2](http://i.stack.imgur.com/nsSsZ.png) In addition, the configuration below works               xrandr \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x1080 --rotate left \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x30 --rotate normal \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1440 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x0 --rotate normal      as shown here: ![Success 3](http://i.stack.imgur.com/9fwfL.png) **UPDATE:** Strangely, I managed to get the wanted layout by command sequence:               xrandr \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x1080 --rotate left \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x30 --rotate normal \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1440 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x0 --rotate normal          xrandr \         --output HDMI2 --mode 1680x1050 --pos 0x30 --rotate normal \         --output DVI-0 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x0 --rotate normal \         --output VGA-1 --mode 1440x900 --pos 780x1080 --rotate left \         --output HDMI-3 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1680x1080 --rotate normal \             --primary      so that it works on freshly started Xorg instance, but I don't have a clue why it works. Besides, that solution seems a bit ugly. Can anybody enlighten me on this issue, please? My OS is Arch Linux, window manager is i3, and the version of XRandR is 1.4.2. Xorg configuration files have only InputClass and Files sections.


Alt-Left to skip words does not work in terminal emulators

On a Debian Wheezy machine at previous job, I got used to Alt+Left and Alt+Right to skip between words on active command-line (in bash). However, since at home I have upgraded to Jessie (Debian 8.0, testing branch) this does not work anymore: instead of skipping to previous word, Alt-Left prints something like `D` or `[D`. OTOH, if I open ssh and connect to my headless Debian Wheezy, it does work perfectly. Furthermore, I just installed Fedora 20 in my new job and here the behavior is the same. This applies to bash, csh and ksh (started under `env -i`), as well as rxvt-unicode and xfce4-terminal, so it must be something outside these level. Where else in the stack should I look to find the difference?


Can't run boinc on fedora

I'm trying to install boinc to fedora 17 from packages. Everything is fine, client starts properly, I added port 31416 to firewall exception. However cannot add any project or execute any command on it. boincmgr cannot connect to the core client any command on boinccmd returns status: Error -1 Operation failed: Error -1 How do I solve it?


Running application ends with "Segmentation Fault"

I have a command line application that when run does not do what it is supposed to do and at a certain point leaves the message:               Segmentation fault      What does this mean? What should I do?


awk extended pattern matching (embedding pattern matching in actions for already matched strings)

I want handle strings of the form:               PREFIX_TYPE_N,DATA      So, does the *awk (gawk, mawk, nawk) support including pattern matching in the action for already matched string? Something like this (of course, doesn't work for me):               *awk 'BEGIN { FS="," }          /PREFIX/ {                     /TYPE_1/  {printf "[TYPE1] [DATA: $2]"}    // <-- included pattern                      /TYPE_2/  {printf "[TYPE2] [DATA: $2]"}    // <-- another included pattern                     ...                                        // <-- some more included patterns                   }' "filename"      Or do I still need if/else or switch/case?


Boot-Repair ineffective

I was attempting to install a linux partition(Kali to be specific) alongside Windows8(Not 8.1) and I seem to have run into some trouble. My system information is located at : paste.ubuntu.com/7512281 I was immediately pushed into the grub cli, where I set my root to (hd1,gpt2) and then attempted to boot using the grub bootloader. I was presented with options, but none of them had my linux partition. I had two windows options and a Lenovo option(I am using a Lenovo T430) I am completely lost at this point, does anyone have any suggestions? Thanks for your time!


How to set umask so that directories to be `r-x` and files to be `---`

I want to set the default permissions for newly created directories to have `r-x` for _others_ and those of newly created files (non-directory files) to have `---`. If I set the umask to 2, directory permissions get `r-x` but files' get `r--`. I couldn't find any way to achieve what I want with `umask`. Ultimately, I want _others_ to be able to traverse the directories but not to read the content of the files. I think that is a very reasonable demand but eventually there seems to be no such setting.


Image set compression

Is there a good open source (not exclusive to Linux) for compression of a set of similar images? I have thousands of documents scanned but I do not access them often. The documents are forms, with little changes (the values, and sometimes the font, and so). I found a lot of papers about this, but neither one app. We use both Windows and Linux, so a cross-platform would be nice.


One way diff between 2 directories

I am looking to perform a diff between 2 directories, both of which contain may files and subdirectories. I am hoping to perform a one-way diff between a source and target directory that will return only the following:   1. Files that exist in source but not in target   2. Files that have changes in source that do not exist in target So this would exclude:   1. Files that exist in the target but not in the source   2. Any additions that have been made to files in the target directory that do not conflict with a line in the source   3. Any changes related to whitespace Is this possible? I am using Cygwin.


Touchpad doesn't wake up from suspend

I've been trying to figure out how I can make my touchpad work after waking up from suspend. Until recently I could at least reactivate it by typing:               ls /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/input/mouse     sudo modprobe -v synaptics_i2c      (btw how can I actually determine which driver is handling my touchpad? `lspci -k` isn't helping me and I'm fairly new to linux?) A recent kernel update caused this method to not work anymore. I've found this solution, but it doesn't work               sudo touch /etc/pm/sleep.d/0000trackpad     sudo gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/0000trackpad      and paste in the following:               #!/bin/sh     case "$1" in         suspend|hibernate)              modprobe -r psmouse ;;         resume|thaw)             modprobe psmouse ;;     esac      Finally, making it executable:               sudo chmod +x /etc/pm/sleep.d/0000trackpad      How can I get my touchpad to work after waking from suspend?


Using ACL with Multiple Default Groups

I have looked though the answers to similar questions and refreshed my memory on ACLs by reading tutorials on Linux ACLs. Yet, I am still stumped. What have I done wrong, or what do I not understand? I have a file system mounted with the `acl` option.               user@host:/srv$ grep srv /etc/fstab     UUID=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx /srv ext4 relatime,nodev,nosuid,user_xattr,acl 0 2      The user, _user_ , is a member of the _devs_ group.               user@host:/srv$ id     uid=1000(user) gid=1000(user) groups=1000(user),24(cdrom),25(floppy),27(sudo),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),1001(devs)      The umask is normal.               user@host:/srv$ umask     0022      A directory is created; group ownership and permissions are set.               user@host:/srv$ sudo mkdir lib; sudo chmod 0750 lib && sudo chgrp www-data lib     user@host:/srv$ ls -l     total 24     drwxr-x---  2 root www-data  4096 May 21 18:00 lib     drwx------  2 root root     16384 Feb 17 18:22 lost+found     drwxr-xr-x  3 root www-data  4096 May 21 17:25 www      An ACL is applied to the new directory.               user@host:/srv$ sudo setfacl -d -m g:devs:5 lib/     user@host:/srv$ getfacl lib     # file: lib     # owner: root     # group: www-data     user::rwx     group::r-x     other::---     default:user::rwx     default:group::r-x     default:group:devs:r-x     default:mask::r-x     default:other::---      I think I should be able to get a directory listing, but I cannot.               user@host:/srv$ ls lib/     ls: cannot open directory lib/: Permission denied


if else statement in one line using && and ||

I would like to know if these 2 ways are equivalent: First:               #!/bin/bash     if [ -x $FILE ]     then       echo "You have execution permission to a "$FILE""     else       echo "You don't have execution permission to a "$FILE""     fi      Second:               #!/bin/bash     [ -x $FILE ] && echo "You have execution permission to a "$FILE"" || echo "You don't have execution permission to a "$FILE""


More tiling with KDE

I fear that I go into conflicting requirements here, but I still want to ask. I have been using KDE for a while now and I do like its software (Konsole, Okular, Dolphin). I like KWin with its features a lot:   * Splitting windows on the left/right side, even with multiple monitors.   * Splitting windows into the quadrants of each screen.   * Compositing. Windows should wobble.   * Pinning windows to the very top.   * Options for each program and window that can be persisted. However, on my 24" screen with its 1920 times 1200 pixels, I feel that three colums would be a better use of the space. Especially since I am considering to buy 2560 times 1200. See this: ![](http://chaos.stw-bonn.de/users/mu/uploads/2013-11-10/screenshot1.png) I know that three columns would be easily achieved with a tiling windows manager like Awesome WM. But I have two friends that use Awesome WM and I would like it avoid for the following reasons:   * KDE System Settings is something that I use often, and I want my system to work, not work on the command line to get my printer working.   * You will have to tinker to get a battery widget into a systray area.   * Solely tiling is not what I want either, free floating windows are preferred for Firefox, Thunderbird and other things.   * Since I use a lot of the KDE applications, using Plasma and KWin seems to make sense. Is there some way to get some more advanced actions like not only snapping windows into corners, but also into three columns with KWin? Performance, or anything being lightweight, is no concern at all. KDE runs just fine, at that is as large as it gets.


How to add parens around text

How can I use sed to replace text and also append to end of line for the match in question? I have a sed file which is doing many substitutions. One of them changes `~=` to `match(` using `/=\~/ s/=\~/match( /` When doing this, I also want to add a "`)`" (space + end paren) at the end of the line in question (that met the original match) I tried this with this sed line:               /=\~/ s/=\~/match(/ s/$/ )/      but I got our favorite `sed: -e expression #1, char 77: unknown option to`s'`   (line 77 'cos this sed has lots of other stuff (omitted)). How can I append a `)` for these lines? Can I do it within this match or do I need another line for it? I would like it to only be for these matches or I might end up adding an extra `)` for "existing" `match()` expressions. fwiw the full sed is..                 sed -i 's/\.should/)\.to/               /\.to ==/s/==/eq/               /=\~/ s/=\~/match(/ s/$/ )/  <--- line in question               /[^}.to|end.to]\.to[[:space:]]/ s/\(\S\)/expect(\1/               /[^}.to|end.to]\.to_not[[:space:]]/ s/\(\S\)/expect(\1/               s/[^}.to|end.to].to[[:space:]]/).to /               s/to_receive/to receive/               s/to_not_receive/to_not receive/' ../_spec_seded/"$file"


Problem installing Debian 7 64bit on UEFI laptop Fujitsu Lifebook NH532

I have installed Debian 7 64bit on my brand new laptop Fujitsu Lifebook NH532. As I understood lately this is UEFI-enabled laptop. At first installation attempt I've not created EFI boot partition, so after the istallation process the system simply didn't boot. Then I reinstalled and during the partitioning process created an EFI boot partition. After the reinstall system still was not able to boot, saying               PXE-E61: Media test failure, check cable     PXE-MOF: Exiting PXE ROM     Boot Failure      Suddenly I've noticed that the boot menu (triggered by F12) has a new line "debian". When selecting that, Debian loads just fine. But why doesn't load it by default? Why should I have to press F12 and select "debian". When I played with the bios settings and disabled CSM (Compatibility Support Module in Advanced bios tab) Debian starts loading immediately after power on, BUT the GUI doesn't start ("_" blinking at top). Ctrl-Alt-(F1 - F6) consoles work fine. What have I done wrong and how can I make it start Debian just after power on?


Error installing gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi

I get an error when I try to install the `gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi` package. This is the error that I obtain when I run `apt-get install gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi`:               $ env LC_ALL=C sudo apt-get install gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi      Reading package lists... Done     Building dependency tree     Reading state information... Done     Suggested packages:       gdb-doc     The following NEW packages will be installed:       gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi     0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.     Need to get 0 B/1848 kB of archives.     After this operation, 3887 kB of additional disk space will be used.     (Reading database ... 246473 files and directories currently installed.)     Unpacking gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi (from .../gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi_7.2-1_amd64.deb) ...     dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi_7.2-1_amd64.deb (--unpack):      trying to overwrite '/usr/share/gdb/syscalls/sparc-linux.xml', which is also in package gdb 7.4.1+dfsg-0.1     dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)     Errors were encountered while processing:      /var/cache/apt/archives/gdb-arm-linux-gnueabi_7.2-1_amd64.deb     E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)


Unable to reconnect to a WiFi network on Fedora 20?

# Problem After leaving my Fedora 20 laptop running overnight, I open it back up and it prompts me to re-enter the password for my home WiFi network. The password is already typed in and censored, but it wants me to to confirm and hit _Connect_. I have deliberately made sure the password I am typing in is correct. Once I type the password into the prompt, I press _Connect_ and the prompt disappears. About five to ten seconds later, without displaying an error message of any sort, it brings up the exact same prompt with the password already entered. Just to be sure, I've tried just pressing _Connect_ without editing the password, and I have also retyped the password and tried again to no avail. # Guaranteed Fix As of right now, the only way I know I can indefinitely fix the problem is by restarting my laptop, which leads me to believe that either **my home WiFi network is misconfigured** in the _WiFi Settings_ , or there is something that **Fedora isn't handling properly**. Ideally, yes, I could just restart my laptop, but for example, let's say I'm uploading a significant amount of files over FTP, and if I restart my computer, that means I have to reupload a few thousand files because I have no idea which ones have been uploaded, which is just a huge delay. # Network Setup My network is a Westell modem connected to an Apple AirPort Extreme router. As far as I know, it's a pretty standard setup. The router handles DHCP and NAT, which does cause a small problem with the modem (a double NAT), and AT&T told us that if we want to use the features from our AirPort Extreme, we will have to deal with it. But it hasn't affected Internet usage on any other devices for the past year and a half since we set it up. This is the AirPort Utility's description of a Double NAT, if it helps any: > This AirPort base station has a private IP address on its Ethernet WAN port. > It is connected to a device or network that is using Network Address > Translation (NAT) to provide private IP addresses. Change your AirPort base > station from using DHCP and NAT to bridge mode. Using bridge mode disables some of the most important features of our AirPort Extreme base station, including guest networking. But as I said previously, having the Double NAT hasn't affected Internet usage on any other device for the past two years.


What does ^@^@^@ mean in a text file?

Sometimes I have problems with opening a file using a graphical text editor -- I'm using `geany`. The file can be read by `vim` without a problem. I checked the file, and there wasn't anything wrong with it, except some lines. This is for example `.bash_history` file:                776 reboot      777 ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^     @^@^@^@^@^@^@geany /etc/fstab     ....     ....      823 reboot       824 ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@exit      I don't know what `^@` is, but after removing each line that has it, the file can be read again in `geany`. Maybe the reboot action has to do something with it? But I have other `reboot` entries in the file and the `^@` characters appear only in two or three places. This is only an example file, I saw the characters in some other files, one thing seems to be the same -- it concerns only big files, those that have many lines. Does anyone know what `^@` means, where it came from and why `vim` has no problems with reading the file whereas `geany` can't read it at all?


comparing lines with awk vs while read line

I have two files one with 17k lines and another one with 4k lines. I wanted to compare position 115 to position 125 with each line in the second file and if there is a match, write the entire line from the first file into a new file. I had come up with a solution where i read the file using 'cat $filename | while read LINE'. but it's taking around 8 mins to complete. is there any other way like using 'awk' to reduce this process time. my code               cat $filename | while read LINE     do       #read 115 to 125 and then remove trailing spaces and leading zeroes       vid=`echo "$LINE" | cut -c 115-125 | sed 's,^ *,,; s, *$,,' | sed 's/^[0]*//'`       exist=0       #match vid with entire line in id.txt       exist=`grep -x "$vid" $file_dir/id.txt | wc -l`       if [[ $exist -gt 0 ]]; then         echo "$LINE" >> $dest_dir/id.txt       fi     done


Properly Setting Red Hat Daemon Umask

I've been trying to figure out the proper location to set daemon umasks in RedHat 5. All my searches lead to setting it in `/etc/init.d/functions` or `/etc/sysconfig/init`. What are the pros/cons of setting the `umask` in one place over another? Is one location more secure than the other?


SSH login via IPv6 successfull while using IPv4 to the same host yields "Permission denied"

I'm currently stumped by a strange problem… I have a dual stack host to which I want to SSH. If I connect via IPv6 everything works like expected               datenwolf@foo ~/ > ssh -6 bar.example.com     Password:          datenwolf@bar ~/ >      However when doing the same via IPv4 it fails               datenwolf@foo ~/ > ssh -4 bar.example.com     Password:     Permission denied (publickey,keyboard-interactive).          datenwolf@foo ~/ >      Excerpt from `/var/log/sshd` for the failing login               Apr 24 16:34:03 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Version;Remote: www.xxx.yyy.zzz-38427;Protocol: 2.0;Client: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1     Apr 24 16:34:03 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Kex;Remote: www.xxx.yyy.zzz-38427;Enc: aes128-ctr;MAC: hmac-md5;Comp: none [preauth]     Apr 24 16:34:04 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Authname;Remote: www.xxx.yyy.zzz-38427;Name: wolfgangd [preauth]     Apr 24 16:34:07 [sshd] pam_access(sshd:account): access denied for user `datenwolf' from `foo.example.com'     Apr 24 16:34:07 [sshd] error: PAM: User account has expired for datenwolf from foo.example.com     Apr 24 16:34:07 [sshd] Connection closed by www.xxx.yyy.zzz [preauth]      Of course the account did not expire and I can perfectly log in via IPv6. Using Google I found various reports on the log messages but none of them matched my problem (in the sense that applying the proposed solutions didn't work for my case). I'm pretty much out of ideas here. * * * ### Update `/var/log/sshd` for successfull IPv6 login _on the very same target machine_ :               Apr 24 16:56:42 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Version;Remote: 2001:x:x:x:x:x:x:x-46025;Protocol: 2.0;Client: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1     Apr 24 16:56:42 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Kex;Remote: 2001:x:x:x:x:x:x:x-46025;Enc: aes128-ctr;MAC: hmac-md5;Comp: none [preauth]     Apr 24 16:56:43 [sshd] SSH: Server;Ltype: Authname;Remote: 2001:x:x:x:x:x:x:x-46025;Name: datenwolf [preauth]     Apr 24 16:56:47 [sshd] Accepted keyboard-interactive/pam for datenwolf from 2001:x:x:x:x:x:x:x port 46025 ssh2     Apr 24 16:56:47 [sshd] pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user datenwolf by (uid=0)      I tried logging in from various machines all the same result: IPv6 works, IPv4 doesn't. * * * ### Update 2 For reference this are the used IP tables. Note that _these are battle tested_ , i.e. they are in use for several years now and were not changed recently. Remote login via IPv4 _did_ work with them. IPv4 iptables:               Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 2144 packets, 336K bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                132 20762 fail2ban-SSH  tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:22       12M   14G ACCEPT     all  --  ppp0   *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED      3111 95984 ACCEPT     icmp --  ppp0   *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0                18692 1123K ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:22         2   112 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:1194         0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:1194      4633  288K ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpts:6880:6899      2826  154K ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpts:6880:6899         4   160 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:123         0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:123     44165 3069K REJECT     all  --  ppp0   *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable          Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 48032 packets, 44M bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                  0     0 REJECT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:631 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:515 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:631 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:515 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     all  --  ppp0   ppp0    0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable      133K 8347K TCPMSS     tcp  --  *      ppp0    0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp flags:0x06/0x02 TCPMSS clamp to PMTU          Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 14378 packets, 2172K bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                   Chain fail2ban-SSH (1 references)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                132 20762 RETURN     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0       IPv6 ip6tables               Chain INPUT (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                  0     0 DROP       all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 rt type:0 segsleft:0      484K   86M ACCEPT     icmpv6   *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                      105K 7943K ACCEPT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 tcp dpt:22         0     0 ACCEPT     udp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 udp dpt:1194         0     0 ACCEPT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 tcp dpt:1194         0     0 ACCEPT     udp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 udp dpts:6880:6899         0     0 ACCEPT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 tcp dpts:6880:6899         0     0 ACCEPT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 tcp dpt:123         0     0 ACCEPT     udp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 udp dpt:123         0     0 ACCEPT     all      ppp0,sixxs *       ::/0                 ::/0                 ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED     4164K  466M ACCEPT     all      !ppp0,sixxs *       ::/0                 ::/0                         0     0 REJECT     all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable          Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                  0     0 DROP       all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 rt type:0 segsleft:0      2864  311K ACCEPT     icmpv6   *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                         0     0 REJECT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 multiport ports 631 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     udp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 multiport ports 631 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     tcp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 multiport ports 515 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     udp      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 multiport ports 515 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable         0     0 REJECT     all      ppp0,sixxs ppp0,sixxs  ::/0                 ::/0                 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable         0     0 accept_with_pmtu_clamp  tcp      ppp0,sixxs *      !2001:x:x::/48   2001:x:x::/48   tcp dpt:22       18M   14G accept_with_pmtu_clamp  all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED     65503 5289K accept_with_pmtu_clamp  all      !ppp0,sixxs *       ::/0                 ::/0                         0     0 REJECT     all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable          Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 8099K packets, 11G bytes)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                  0     0 DROP       all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0                 rt type:0 segsleft:0          Chain accept_with_pmtu_clamp (3 references)      pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination                  0     0 TCPMSS     tcp      *      ppp0,sixxs  ::/0                 ::/0                 tcp flags:0x06/0x02 TCPMSS clamp to PMTU       18M   14G ACCEPT     all      *      *       ::/0                 ::/0       * * * ### Update 3 This is `/etc/sshd/sshd_config` of the system I try connect to, stripped of all comments:               Port 22     ListenAddress 0.0.0.0     ListenAddress ::          PubkeyAuthentication yes     PasswordAuthentication no     UsePAM yes          AllowAgentForwarding yes     AllowTcpForwarding yes     X11Forwarding yes     X11DisplayOffset 10     X11UseLocalhost yes     PrintMotd no     PrintLastLog no     UseDNS yes          Subsystem       sftp    /usr/lib64/misc/sftp-server


Recover Partially Formatted Hard Drive

I'm running Ubuntu 12.04, and recently tried to safely remove my external hard drive using the GUI, but the "Format" button was right next to the "Safely Remove" button. I stopped the format as soon as it started, but the hard drive won't mount now and I can't access any of the files. I tried to do a data rescue using GParted, but it couldn't find any partitions... any suggestions for recovering the lost data? Needless to say, I now have a vendetta against GUIs.


Mount a device as another user

Is there a command (on Debian Wheezy) that a `testuser` that belongs only to the group `testuser` can run (maybe he needs to be listed in sudoers first) in order to mount a USB stick as if he belonged to the group `plugdev` or `floppy`?. So he can't access the mounted USB stick directly (since he is not in `plugdev/floppy`) but could `cp` to it (if he is in sudoers and can run `cp` as a `floppy` group member). Maybe there is a way to realize it using regular mount and sudoers? Can a user mount a device as another user (member of another group) without having access to the device?


Discovering the number of running and blocked processes in Mac OS X

In Linux, I could discover the number of running and blocked processes running               grep "procs_running" /proc/stat      and               grep "procs_blocked" /proc/stat      Is there a way to do it in Mac OS X? Preferably, a way which I could use in a shell script?


How do I type the degree symbol under X11 (using a default English keyboard layout)?

I'm trying to put in an email the temperature outside in degrees. On my Mac, the degree symbol (`°`) is `Option`+`Shift`+`8`. But I'm writing the email in Thunderbird on an Ubuntu 10.10 with the default US English keyboard layout. What key combination do I use to get the degree symbol under X11? **EDIT:** Gert successfully answered the question... but, bonus points for any easier to use keystroke than what's in his answer!


How to add SLED 11 system to windows domain

I have a small Windows domain, contains DHCT, DNS, Active Directory, CA etc. I'm trying to connect a SLED 11 to the domain according to found-by-Google- search guides but all what I've found was irrelevant and not up to date. Can someone please link me to an up to date, clear one? (What I want to be able to do is to log-on to the SUSE machine with a Windows active directory user, and to mount Windows shared folders). Thank you very much!!


How to use diff tool to take a diff between directories with libraries and source?

I would like to know if i can use the **diff** tool to take the difference between two folders which contain sources as well as libraries and executable. Right now i gave > diff -Naur dir1/ dir2/ It is comparing the executables within the directories and is dumping junk values.   Is there any way to remove the libraries and executable while comparing these directories.


install java sdk 6, wheezy

Followed debian Java Sun wiki, and later 1[open jsk 7 ]2 which has a note on installing 6 : link to java 7 on debian > aptitude install sun-java6-jdk > > No candidate version found for sun-java6-jdk No candidate version found for > sun-java6-jdk No packages will be installed, upgraded, or removed. 0 > packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need > to get 0 B of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used. Then I downloaded the Java sdk bin file (should i download the rpm bin?) Opened terminal again, su ed and typed make but get error no make! How do I get make? How do I install Java 6 sdk? Update: Looks like it was a newbie question, bins are just scripts with attachments. They are installer. Just : > cd to folder su (enter password) chmod 755 xxx.bin ./xx.bin This executes the script and it extracts to a folder jdk1.6.0_45 in the current folder. Now what?


cleaning up an hacked ubuntu server

They have hacked my VPS and changed the root passowrd. Fortunately my provider has reset it for me and now I got control back again. The thing is that now I would like to make sure the don't have installed any stuff or service (e.g. for exploiting it for some illegal download/upload etc) which I'm not aware of. Is there any tool or practice to make sure my server is clean? I would like to avoid reinstalling it from scratch.


Copy a directory containing links and their targets in Linux

I have a directory:               /home/username1/dir_1      This directory contains two folders, folder_1 and folder_2. In folder_2 are links to files present in folder_1. Now, I want to copy dir_1 into /home/username2/dir_2, and the links that are in the new folder_2 should point to the files that are in the new folder_1. So, the new directory /home/username1/dir_1 is completely independent from the old one /home/username2/dir_2. Is that possible ?


Installing `setfacl` on Cent OS 6

My apologies if this is the wrong Stack Exchange for this sort of question — it seems like the most appropriate. Which `yum` package should I install to get the `setfacl` command on my linux virtual server running Cent OS 6. Or is `yum` not the way to do this? Or does Cent OS 6 have a different way of setting up ACLs? Or something else? I'm a developer — I've setup a virtual server with a VPS hosting company. They're imaged a virtual machine with Cent OS for me. However, I don't have access to the `setfacl` command. I need this command to correctly setup directory access for my Symfony log and caching folders (per their instructions). My assumption is my VPS host set me up with a very bare installation and I need to have some security or access related package installed, but I can't seem to google up that package myself. I plan on asking their support — but 1. We know how awful support can be sometimes, and 2. I'd like to know from the experts what the "right" way to do this is in case support is as awful as I think they'll be. Any help is appreciated — (and don't worry, I only plan to use this VPS for IP restricted development)


How to install g++ by command line in opensuse 13.1

How can I install g++ by command line in Opensuse? I don't want to use YaST.


tar: short read

I get an error when I uncompress my `tar`. I do this:               tar xvf VM_DECOMPTES.tar      and after some time I get the following error:               tar: short read      What is going wrong here? > tar: unrecognized option `--version' BusyBox v1.9.1-VMware-visor-klnext-2965 > (2010-04-19 12:53:48 PDT) multi-call binary


Parallelize a Bash FOR Loop

I have been trying to parallelize the following script, specifically each of the three FOR loop instances, using GNU Parallel but haven't been able to. The 4 commands contained within the FOR loop run in series, each loop taking around 10 minutes. It'd be greatly appreciated if any one could help me set this up in parallel using any tool on Unix-based systems, and save on time.               #!/bin/bash          kar='KAR5'     runList='run2 run3 run4'     mkdir normFunc     for run in $runList     do      fsl5.0-flirt -in $kar"deformed.nii.gz" -ref normtemp.nii.gz -omat $run".norm1.mat" -bins 256 -cost corratio -searchrx -90 90 -searchry -90 90 -searchrz -90 90 -dof 12      fsl5.0-flirt -in $run".poststats.nii.gz" -ref $kar"deformed.nii.gz" -omat $run".norm2.mat" -bins 256 -cost corratio -searchrx -90 90 -searchry -90 90 -searchrz -90 90 -dof 12      fsl5.0-convert_xfm -concat $run".norm1.mat" -omat $run".norm.mat" $run".norm2.mat"     fsl5.0-flirt -in $run".poststats.nii.gz" -ref normtemp.nii.gz -out $PWD/normFunc/$run".norm.nii.gz" -applyxfm -init $run".norm.mat" -interp trilinear          rm -f *.mat     done


kickstart copy file to new system

I've finished writing my kickstart file but one thing bugs me the whole day. I've searched all over the net, found numerous posts with different solutions and none of them helped me. I did a fresh install from my `kickstart-ed` ISO which contains several files. I would like to copy those files to the newly installed system and start one of those files as a service (it is a service). This is my `%post` right now:               %post --log=/root/ks-post.log     exec < /dev/tty6 > /dev/tty6 2> /dev/tty6     chvt 6     clear     cp /mnt/source/JOTC/src/mongod.conf /etc/     cp -r /mnt/source/JOTC/src/jotc/ /opt/     cp /mnt/source/JOTC/src/service /etc/init.d/jotc      Errors are fairly reasonable; `/mnt/source/JOTC/src/mongod.conf: no such file or directory`. However, if I switch to virtual terminal 2 manually and do a quick `ls /mnt/source/JOTC/src/` there IS that `mongod.conf` file. What am I doing wrong?


Runs monit as non-root user

I'm using Monit to monitor my nodejs process. Right now `monit` itself runs as the root user which may lead to security holes. How could I run `monit` via the 'monit' user? I installed `monit` by using `apt-get install monit`. So at the moment, it starts at system start up. I just want accomplish the rule that all services that listen on port must be run as a non-root user. I've found a vulnerability that makes me prefer not to run monit as root. Or at least disable access via http interface.


Containers running on ARM

I've been doing some research and decided to implement OpenVZ since it allows each container to be isolated from other containers, unlike LXC. However, OpenVZ is still not supported for ARM processors. Any way to work around the container isolation issue in LXC?


How to learn kernel programming from the start?

I have completed my graduation recently. And I have only basic knowledge in C. But I would like to work on the Linux Kernel, and customize it according to my needs. Not only customize I would also like to contribute my own ideas to Linux kernel. But I am starting from 0 now! So please suggest me how tostart and where to start with !