Video4Linux installation

I 'm running Angstrom distribution (console only) on BeagleBoard-xM. Image was build on Narcissus, with Bootloader Files (x-load/u-boot/scripts) added. I want to connect a USB webcam (Logitech Pro 9000). Problem is that device isn't recognised by the kernel (/dev/video0 not listed). As a newbie, I have some questions:   1. Is Video4Linux the driver I 'm looking for?   2. Should I had include a toolchain on Narcissus, in order to build Video4Linux, before installing it? (any installation guide would really be appreciated).   3. Is there any way instead, to rebuild Angstrom image including the appropriate drivers? Any help, would be really appreciated.


How To Install Thunderbird 24.0 on centos

How do I update thunderbird to latest version 24 on centos 6.3 (final) 64bit. I cannot find any good tutorial on installing it on centos. Merely copying and pasting the 'thunderbird' folder in '/usr/lib64/' doesn't do anything. The current version installed on my machine is 17.0.9


wrapper command for sshd_config?

Is there a command to set settings in `sshd_config`, instead of manually editing the file? I would prefer it to do this way, because it's easier to automate. Otherwise I'd have to `grep` config with my script.


Displaying seconds as days/hours/mins/seconds?

Is it possible to easily format seconds as a human-readable time in bash? I don't want to format it as a date, but as the number of days/hours/minutes, etc...


Executing a program according to the last modified date

I need to write a script which would execute some executables in a directory according to the last modified date. The oldest should run first. How do I do it? This is what I have done so far               for f in  ./jobqueue/*; #accessing the queue     do          chmod +x *  # giving executable permission for the files         $f  # running the executables     done


Banshee crashes on Arch Linux x86_64 after a few seconds

Whenever I run Banshee, a few seconds after starting it crashes. I am using Arch Linux and made sure all packages on the computer were up to date. Running banshee > output 2> output yields the following:               banshee: PeakFinder.cpp:150: int soundtouch::PeakFinder::findCrossingLevel(const float*, float, int, int) const: Assertion `peaklevel >= level' failed.          Native stacktrace:              banshee() [0x4969f9]         /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0(+0xf0e0) [0x7f3c8bf9a0e0]         /usr/lib/libc.so.6(gsignal+0x39) [0x7f3c8bc131c9]         /usr/lib/libc.so.6(abort+0x148) [0x7f3c8bc145c8]         /usr/lib/libc.so.6(+0x2e356) [0x7f3c8bc0c356]         /usr/lib/libc.so.6(+0x2e402) [0x7f3c8bc0c402]         /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0(+0xaf61) [0x7f3c4f7d4f61]         /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0(_ZNK10soundtouch10PeakFinder13getPeakCenterEPKfi+0x8a) [0x7f3c4f7d506a]         /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0(_ZN10soundtouch10PeakFinder10detectPeakEPKfii+0x5f) [0x7f3c4f7d513f]         /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0(_ZN10soundtouch9BPMDetect6getBpmEv+0x3f) [0x7f3c4f7d4d5f]         /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstsoundtouch.so(+0x5087) [0x7f3c4f9df087]         /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0(+0x306cc) [0x7f3c749a76cc]         /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0(+0x310e4) [0x7f3c749a80e4]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(gst_pad_push+0x29a) [0x7f3c740b724a]         /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0(+0x3117f) [0x7f3c749a817f]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(gst_pad_push+0x29a) [0x7f3c740b724a]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(gst_pad_push+0x29a) [0x7f3c740b724a]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(+0x11f0c) [0x7f3c5ad63f0c]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(+0x12073) [0x7f3c5ad64073]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(gst_audio_decoder_finish_frame+0x4ae) [0x7f3c5ad68a4e]         /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstfaad.so(+0x298e) [0x7f3c4d91898e]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(+0x1410a) [0x7f3c5ad6610a]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(+0x144a0) [0x7f3c5ad664a0]         /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0(+0x1525b) [0x7f3c5ad6725b]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(gst_pad_push+0x29a) [0x7f3c740b724a]         /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0(gst_base_parse_push_frame+0x99e) [0x7f3c7498ab8e]         /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0(+0x15082) [0x7f3c7498c082]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(gst_pad_push+0x29a) [0x7f3c740b724a]         /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstcoreelements.so(+0x1e761) [0x7f3c5b3d2761]         /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0(+0x86194) [0x7f3c740de194]         /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0(+0x6cbc6) [0x7f3c87738bc6]         /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0(+0x6c205) [0x7f3c87738205]         /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0(+0x7dd2) [0x7f3c8bf92dd2]         /usr/lib/libc.so.6(clone+0x6d) [0x7f3c8bcc3ced]          Debug info from gdb:          warning: File "/usr/bin/mono-gdb.py" auto-loading has been declined by your `auto-load safe-path' set to "$debugdir:$datadir/auto-load".     To enable execution of this file add         add-auto-load-safe-path /usr/bin/mono-gdb.py     line to your configuration file "/home/joshua/.gdbinit".     To completely disable this security protection add         set auto-load safe-path /     line to your configuration file "/home/joshua/.gdbinit".     For more information about this security protection see the     "Auto-loading safe path" section in the GDB manual.  E.g., run from the shell:         info "(gdb)Auto-loading safe path"     Could not load shared library symbols for linux-vdso.so.1.     Do you need "set solib-search-path" or "set sysroot"?     warning: no loadable sections found in added symbol-file system-supplied DSO at 0x7fff321fe000     [New LWP 5814]     [New LWP 5813]     [New LWP 5812]     [New LWP 5811]     [New LWP 5810]     [New LWP 5809]     [New LWP 5807]     [New LWP 5806]     [New LWP 5802]     [New LWP 5801]     [New LWP 5800]     [New LWP 5799]     [New LWP 5798]     [New LWP 5797]     [New LWP 5796]     [New LWP 5795]     [New LWP 5794]     [New LWP 5793]     [New LWP 5792]     [New LWP 5791]     [New LWP 5790]     [New LWP 5789]     [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]     Using host libthread_db library "/usr/lib/libthread_db.so.1".     0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6       Id   Target Id         Frame        23   Thread 0x7f3c8bbdd700 (LWP 5789) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       22   Thread 0x7f3c8b3dc700 (LWP 5790) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       21   Thread 0x7f3c8abdb700 (LWP 5791) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       20   Thread 0x7f3c8a3da700 (LWP 5792) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       19   Thread 0x7f3c89bd9700 (LWP 5793) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       18   Thread 0x7f3c893d8700 (LWP 5794) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       17   Thread 0x7f3c88bd7700 (LWP 5795) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       16   Thread 0x7f3c87f0f700 (LWP 5796) "mono" 0x00007f3c8bf98860 in sem_wait () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       15   Thread 0x7f3c75344700 (LWP 5797) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       14   Thread 0x7f3c6e2c4700 (LWP 5798) "gdbus" 0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6       13   Thread 0x7f3c6cf50700 (LWP 5799) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf9999d in nanosleep () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       12   Thread 0x7f3c6cf0f700 (LWP 5800) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       11   Thread 0x7f3c5bfff700 (LWP 5801) "threaded-ml" 0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6       10   Thread 0x7f3c5ad51700 (LWP 5802) "threaded-ml" 0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6       9    Thread 0x7f3c59b0f700 (LWP 5806) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       8    Thread 0x7f3c587f6700 (LWP 5807) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       7    Thread 0x7f3c583e3700 (LWP 5809) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf992ed in read () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       6    Thread 0x7f3c5990e700 (LWP 5810) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       5    Thread 0x7f3c4fffe700 (LWP 5811) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       4    Thread 0x7f3c4ef38700 (LWP 5812) "qtdemux0:sink" 0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       3    Thread 0x7f3c4e737700 (LWP 5813) "multiqueue0:src" 0x00007f3c8bf992ed in read () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0       2    Thread 0x7f3c4d6d2700 (LWP 5814) "pool" 0x00007f3c8bf96c61 in pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     * 1    Thread 0x7f3c8cacd740 (LWP 5787) "banshee" 0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 23 (Thread 0x7f3c8bbdd700 (LWP 5789)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 22 (Thread 0x7f3c8b3dc700 (LWP 5790)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 21 (Thread 0x7f3c8abdb700 (LWP 5791)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 20 (Thread 0x7f3c8a3da700 (LWP 5792)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 19 (Thread 0x7f3c89bd9700 (LWP 5793)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 18 (Thread 0x7f3c893d8700 (LWP 5794)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 17 (Thread 0x7f3c88bd7700 (LWP 5795)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005e6393 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005de645 in ?? ()     #3  0x00000000005e4ad7 in ?? ()     #4  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 16 (Thread 0x7f3c87f0f700 (LWP 5796)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf98860 in sem_wait () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005cbfb8 in mono_sem_wait ()     #2  0x000000000051598b in ?? ()     #3  0x0000000000594736 in ?? ()     #4  0x00000000005c134a in ?? ()     #5  0x00000000005e6194 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #7  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 15 (Thread 0x7f3c75344700 (LWP 5797)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005be49d in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059403b in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040cc9918 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c70000c20 in ?? ()     #6  0x0000000040cc950a in ?? ()     #7  0x00007f3c75343ae7 in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c84021e38 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c70000cb0 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c75343b00 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c75343a70 in ?? ()     #12 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 14 (Thread 0x7f3c6e2c4700 (LWP 5798)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #1  0x00007f3c877141f4 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c8771465a in g_main_loop_run () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c865e1166 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgio-2.0.so.0     #4  0x00007f3c87738205 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #6  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 13 (Thread 0x7f3c6cf50700 (LWP 5799)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf9999d in nanosleep () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005c0745 in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005958bb in ?? ()     #3  0x0000000000594736 in ?? ()     #4  0x00000000005c134a in ?? ()     #5  0x00000000005e6194 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #7  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 12 (Thread 0x7f3c6cf0f700 (LWP 5800)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005beed9 in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059413d in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040e86ae0 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c54000c20 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c6cf0ed98 in ?? ()     #7  0xffffffffffffffff in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c6cf0eda8 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c6cf0ea30 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c6cf0e990 in ?? ()     #12 0x00007f3c6cf0ed98 in ?? ()     #13 0xffffffffffffffff in ?? ()     #14 0x00007f3c6cf0eda8 in ?? ()     #15 0x00007f3c74e65180 in ?? ()     #16 0x0000000040e86798 in ?? ()     #17 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 11 (Thread 0x7f3c5bfff700 (LWP 5801)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #1  0x00007f3c6c49233f in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c6c48386c in pa_mainloop_poll () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c6c483ec9 in pa_mainloop_iterate () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #4  0x00007f3c6c483f80 in pa_mainloop_run () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c6c4922ef in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #6  0x00007f3c60f5a113 in ?? () from /usr/lib/pulseaudio/libpulsecommon-3.0.so     #7  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #8  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 10 (Thread 0x7f3c5ad51700 (LWP 5802)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #1  0x00007f3c6c49233f in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c6c48386c in pa_mainloop_poll () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c6c483ec9 in pa_mainloop_iterate () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #4  0x00007f3c6c483f80 in pa_mainloop_run () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c6c4922ef in ?? () from /usr/lib/libpulse.so.0     #6  0x00007f3c60f5a113 in ?? () from /usr/lib/pulseaudio/libpulsecommon-3.0.so     #7  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #8  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 9 (Thread 0x7f3c59b0f700 (LWP 5806)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005beed9 in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059413d in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040e86ae0 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c3404b3e0 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c58400210 in ?? ()     #7  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c59b0ea30 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c59b0ea30 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c59b0e990 in ?? ()     #12 0x00007f3c59b0ed98 in ?? ()     #13 0xffffffffffffffff in ?? ()     #14 0x00007f3c59b0eda8 in ?? ()     #15 0x00007f3c58400210 in ?? ()     #16 0x0000000040e86798 in ?? ()     #17 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 8 (Thread 0x7f3c587f6700 (LWP 5807)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005beed9 in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059413d in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040e86ae0 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c2c00f760 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c58417600 in ?? ()     #7  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c587f5a30 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c587f5a30 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c587f5990 in ?? ()     #12 0x00007f3c587f5d98 in ?? ()     #13 0xffffffffffffffff in ?? ()     #14 0x00007f3c587f5da8 in ?? ()     #15 0x00007f3c58417600 in ?? ()     #16 0x0000000040e86798 in ?? ()     #17 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 7 (Thread 0x7f3c583e3700 (LWP 5809)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf992ed in read () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x000000004144e287 in ?? ()     #2  0x00007f3c3000b0c0 in ?? ()     #3  0x0000000000561b84 in ?? ()     #4  0x00000000407d138a in ?? ()     #5  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 6 (Thread 0x7f3c5990e700 (LWP 5810)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005beed9 in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059413d in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040e86ae0 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c38002a40 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c58451300 in ?? ()     #7  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c5990da30 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c54000d10 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c5990da30 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c5990d990 in ?? ()     #12 0x00007f3c5990dd98 in ?? ()     #13 0xffffffffffffffff in ?? ()     #14 0x00007f3c5990dda8 in ?? ()     #15 0x00007f3c58451300 in ?? ()     #16 0x0000000040e86798 in ?? ()     #17 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 5 (Thread 0x7f3c4fffe700 (LWP 5811)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00000000005ab83b in ?? ()     #2  0x00000000005be49d in ?? ()     #3  0x000000000059403b in ?? ()     #4  0x0000000040cc9918 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007f3c24000c20 in ?? ()     #6  0x00000000407d298c in ?? ()     #7  0x00007f3c4fffd987 in ?? ()     #8  0x00007f3c5846d5f0 in ?? ()     #9  0x00007f3c70000cb0 in ?? ()     #10 0x00007f3c4fffd9a0 in ?? ()     #11 0x00007f3c4fffd910 in ?? ()     #12 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          Thread 4 (Thread 0x7f3c4ef38700 (LWP 5812)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf968b4 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00007f3c87753527 in g_cond_wait () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c749b60d8 in gst_data_queue_push () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c5b3d1a04 in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstcoreelements.so     #4  0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c4f36f6b3 in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstisomp4.so     #6  0x00007f3c4f38075c in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstisomp4.so     #7  0x00007f3c740de194 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #8  0x00007f3c87738bc6 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #9  0x00007f3c87738205 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #10 0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #11 0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 3 (Thread 0x7f3c4e737700 (LWP 5813)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf992ed in read () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x0000000000496b8b in ?? ()     #2  <signal handler called>     #3  0x00007f3c8bc131c9 in raise () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #4  0x00007f3c8bc145c8 in abort () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #5  0x00007f3c8bc0c356 in __assert_fail_base () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #6  0x00007f3c8bc0c402 in __assert_fail () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #7  0x00007f3c4f7d4f61 in soundtouch::PeakFinder::findCrossingLevel(float const*, float, int, int) const () from /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0     #8  0x00007f3c4f7d506a in soundtouch::PeakFinder::getPeakCenter(float const*, int) const () from /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0     #9  0x00007f3c4f7d513f in soundtouch::PeakFinder::detectPeak(float const*, int, int) () from /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0     #10 0x00007f3c4f7d4d5f in soundtouch::BPMDetect::getBpm() () from /usr/lib/libSoundTouch.so.0     #11 0x00007f3c4f9df087 in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstsoundtouch.so     #12 0x00007f3c749a76cc in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #13 0x00007f3c749a80e4 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #14 0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #15 0x00007f3c749a817f in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #16 0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #17 0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #18 0x00007f3c5ad63f0c in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #19 0x00007f3c5ad64073 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #20 0x00007f3c5ad68a4e in gst_audio_decoder_finish_frame () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #21 0x00007f3c4d91898e in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstfaad.so     #22 0x00007f3c5ad6610a in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #23 0x00007f3c5ad664a0 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #24 0x00007f3c5ad6725b in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstaudio-0.10.so.0     #25 0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #26 0x00007f3c7498ab8e in gst_base_parse_push_frame () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #27 0x00007f3c7498c082 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstbase-0.10.so.0     #28 0x00007f3c740b724a in gst_pad_push () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #29 0x00007f3c5b3d2761 in ?? () from /usr/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstcoreelements.so     #30 0x00007f3c740de194 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0     #31 0x00007f3c87738bc6 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #32 0x00007f3c87738205 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #33 0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #34 0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 2 (Thread 0x7f3c4d6d2700 (LWP 5814)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bf96c61 in pthread_cond_timedwait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #1  0x00007f3c87753615 in g_cond_wait_until () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c876eaa31 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c87738b98 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #4  0x00007f3c87738205 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #5  0x00007f3c8bf92dd2 in start_thread () from /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0     #6  0x00007f3c8bcc3ced in clone () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6          Thread 1 (Thread 0x7f3c8cacd740 (LWP 5787)):     #0  0x00007f3c8bcbb09d in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6     #1  0x00007f3c877141f4 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #2  0x00007f3c8771465a in g_main_loop_run () from /usr/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0     #3  0x00007f3c7735b8f7 in gtk_main () from /usr/lib/libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0     #4  0x00000000403de995 in ?? ()     #5  0x00007fff321278b0 in ?? ()     #6  0x00007f3c879f3938 in ?? ()     #7  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()          =================================================================     Got a SIGABRT while executing native code. This usually indicates     a fatal error in the mono runtime or one of the native libraries      used by your application.     =================================================================


Apt-Get Install Unmet Dependencies

My debian computer will not install the new kernel. It says I have unmet dependencies, and those dependencies say they have unmet dependencies. Many of these dependencies are already installed however. Running apt-get update, apt- get upgrade, and apt-get install -f do not fix the problem. My sources list is as follows:               deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free     deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free          deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free     deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free          deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free     deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free          # Debian Squeeze Backports     deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free     deb-src http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free      I've tried installing from the sqeeze-backports and still no luck. Do you guys know what might be going on? Thanks for the help :)


How to turn off the beep only in bash tab-complete

I find the beep useful for some things, so I **only** want to turn it off for tab completion (I'm not asking how to completely turn it off, that has already been answered in a different question on Serverfault). I also don't have root access, working on RHEL5.


Is there a way to execute a native binary from a pipe?

echo 'main(){}' | gcc -xc - -o /dev/stdout | ???      Is there a way to run the output binary on a unix-like system? **EDIT:** I needed it to run the output of g++ in a sandboxed environment where I can't write _any_ file (nothing malicious, I promise).


apt-get won't install: dpkg: files list for package 'gnome-themes-standard-data' is not a regular file

I'm trying to install packages to get a webcam stream running on my raspberry pi. All of a sudden, apt-get is totally busted -- every time I try to install, reinstall or purge something that might fix the problem, I get the following error:               dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:      files list for package 'gnome-themes-standard-data' is not a regular file     E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)      Which is remarkably frustrating! I have no idea what this error is, what caused it, or how to fix it, but it's totally stopped me in my tracks. I've tried apt-get update which runs to completion, but I can't upgrade or purge the problem package. It breaks even using -f and aptitude instead of apt-get. Here's me trying to install ffmpeg:               pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg     Reading package lists... Done     Building dependency tree            Reading state information... Done     The following extra packages will be installed:       libav-tools libavdevice53 libavfilter2 libjack-jackd2-0 libopencv-core2.3 libopencv-imgproc2.3     Suggested packages:       jackd2     The following NEW packages will be installed:       ffmpeg libav-tools libavdevice53 libavfilter2 libjack-jackd2-0 libopencv-core2.3 libopencv-imgproc2.3     0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 150 not upgraded.     Need to get 0 B/2,235 kB of archives.     After this operation, 5,970 kB of additional disk space will be used.     Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y     Selecting previously unselected package libjack-jackd2-0:armhf.     dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:      files list for package 'gnome-themes-standard-data' is not a regular file     E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)     pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo apt-get purge gnome-themes-standard-data     Reading package lists... Done     Building dependency tree            Reading state information... Done     The following packages will be REMOVED:       gnome-themes-standard* gnome-themes-standard-data*     0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 150 not upgraded.     After this operation, 3,892 kB disk space will be freed.     Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y     dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:      files list for package 'gnome-themes-standard-data' is not a regular file     E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)     pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo apt-get update     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy InRelease     Hit http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy InRelease     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main armhf Packages     Hit http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi armhf Packages     Ign http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main Translation-en_GB     Ign http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi Translation-en     E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.      pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo dpkg --configure -a     pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo apt-get update     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy InRelease     Hit http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy InRelease     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main armhf Packages     Hit http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free armhf Packages     Hit http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi armhf Packages     Ign http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main Translation-en_GB     Ign http://archive.raspberrypi.org wheezy/main Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/contrib Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/main Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/non-free Translation-en     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi Translation-en_GB     Ign http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org wheezy/rpi Translation-en     Reading package lists... Done     pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$ sudo apt-get upgrade     Reading package lists... Done     Building dependency tree            Reading state information... Done     The following packages will be upgraded:       apt apt-utils binutils cups-bsd cups-client cups-common curl debian-reference-common debian-reference-en dmsetup       dpkg dpkg-dev e2fslibs e2fsprogs gdb gdbserver gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs       idle idle-python3.2 idle3 ifupdown initramfs-tools initscripts iptables isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common iso-codes       krb5-locales libapt-inst1.5 libapt-pkg-dev libapt-pkg4.12 libarchive12 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data       libavahi-common3 libavahi-glib1 libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dev libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcomerr2       libcups2 libcupsimage2 libcurl3 libdbus-glib-1-2 libdevmapper-event1.02.1 libdevmapper1.02.1 libdpkg-perl       libgail-3-0 libgcrypt11 libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-data libgnutls26 libgssapi-krb5-2       libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libgudev-1.0-0 libicu48       libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjson0 libk5crypto3 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblapack3       liblapack3gf libldap-2.4-2 liblvm2app2.2 libnewt0.52 libobrender27 libobt0 libpixman-1-0 libpoppler19 libprocps0       libproxy0 libqt4-network libqt4-svg libqt4-xml libqtcore4 libqtdbus4 libqtgui4 libsmbclient libsmpeg0 libss2       libssl1.0.0 libsystemd-login0 libudev0 libwbclient0 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 libwebkitgtk-1.0-common libwebkitgtk-3.0-0       libwebkitgtk-3.0-common libwebp2 libxml2 libxslt1.1 linux-libc-dev locales lxtask multiarch-support openbox       openssh-client openssh-server openssl perl perl-base perl-modules pistore poppler-utils procps python       python-minimal python-numpy python-rpi.gpio python3 python3-minimal python3-numpy python3-rpi.gpio python3.2       python3.2-minimal rsyslog samba-common sgml-base smbclient ssh sudo sysv-rc sysvinit sysvinit-utils tasksel       tasksel-data tzdata udev whiptail x11-common xserver-common xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all     150 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.     Need to get 0 B/118 MB of archives.     After this operation, 742 kB of additional disk space will be used.     Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y     Extracting templates from packages: 100%     Preconfiguring packages ...     dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:      files list for package 'gnome-themes-standard-data' is not a regular file     E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)     pi@raspberrypi:/var/backups$       Is this fixable or do I have to flatten and reimage Wheezy on my SD card? Any help is greatly appreciated.


Globbing fails in zsh, but works in bash

I have an alias in bash, that I'm trying to port over to zsh. I thought it may have been the alias itself, but now it seems it's just the globbing.               grep -irl --exclude=\*.{log,class,fuegoclass,dat}* --exclude-dir={build,system,lib} data      What's the right way to exclude these file extensions and directories in zsh?


Route only ssh traffic through VPN

Is it possible to route a computer's SSH service through a VPN connection but allow ALL other data to exit through the WAN address? What sort of iptables magic needs to be done to accomplish this? SSH data -> goes through VPN   ALL other data -> goes through default route


Colorize Bash Console Color

I need to be able to set my CentOS 6.4 bash prompt color to yellow. I've managed to find where to set this (.bashrc) and the ANSI color for yellow (\e[0;33m). I've setup my prompt as follows: PS1="[\033[33m][\u@\h \W]$ [$Color_Off]" This all works fine when I ssh into our a system BUT when I use the local console it comes out as BROWN. How can I modify bashrc so that its yellow regardless of weather I use SSH or the local console? Please don't suggest I use a different color - for various reasons it would be a significant amount of effort to use a different color. See the following for what I mean: ![colors in putty](http://i.stack.imgur.com/VCxe5.jpg) ![local colors](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Qc8Vg.jpg) http://picpaste.com/putty_coloring-9clungcS.jpg http://picpaste.com/local_console_color-hApaEX8U.jpg


Using x509 PKI with PGP

I'm building x509 PKI. And I want to apply CA's concept to my own private apt- get repository. I just found that apt-get repository (reprepro) use PGP certificate and some textbook said they can't use mix of them. But I just see another textbook said it could. I want to know if it is possible to integrate both of them in same structure.


Sign a module after kernel compilation

I've built a kernel in tmpfs, then I rebooted. Now I see a message when I compile the 3rd party module, `NO SIGN [M] XXXX.ko` How can I get it signed? The key pair generated during `rpmbuild` is lost already I guess


"svn update" doesn't show my updated files

Usually when I do an `svn update`, if files have changed, it will list those files along with the code changes. However, on my current machine, it only shows the files changed by other people, but it doesn't show any file that I have changed myself. How can I get the files I changed to show up with `svn update`?


Answer yes in a bash script

I'm trying to do a `git clone` trough a bash script, but the first time that I run the script and the server is not known yet the script fails. I have something like this:               yes | git clone git@github.com:repo/repoo.git                    The authenticity of host 'github.com (207.97.227.239)' can't be established.     RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.     Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?       But it's ignoring the `yes`. Do you know how to force `git clone` to add the key to the known hosts?


Is a persistent zombie process sign of a bug?

_(OS: Debian variant.)_ Having a process with zombie-status. The `PPid` belonged to a `gvim` process. The contents of `/proc/[pid]/wchan` is `do_exit`, `/comm` is `sh` and `/cmdline` is empty, `/status` is shown below. Could this be a bug in `gvim`? From the Wikipedia entry on Zombie process I read that a program can voluntarily reject to call `wait` but this was for a `gvim` session that had been idle for quite some time. I closed the `gvim` process – but the zombie still lurks around. Could this indicate a OS bug? Again from Wikipedia: > If the parent program is no longer running, zombie processes typically > indicate a bug in the operating system. And how often does `init` reap forsaken processes? It has been at least 60 minutes since `gvim`'s demise but it still there. On the other hand could it be `sh` and not `gvim`? The `/status` _file_ states `SigQ` of zero.               $ less /proc/30339/status     Name     : sh     State    : Z (zombie)     Tgid     : 30339     Pid      : 30339     PPid     : 29673     TracerPid:     0     Uid      :  1000    1000    1000    1000     Gid      :  1000    1000    1000    1000     FDSize   :     0     Groups   :     4 7 20 24 27 29 30 46 107 124 127 1000      Threads  :     1     SigQ     : 0/30658     SigPnd   : 0000000000000000     ShdPnd   : 0000000000000000     SigBlk   : 0000000000000000     SigIgn   : 0000000000003001     SigCgt   : 0000000000010002     CapInh   : 0000000000000000     CapPrm   : 0000000000000000     CapEff   : 0000000000000000     CapBnd   : ffffffffffffffff     Cpus_allowed     :   3     Cpus_allowed_list:   0-1     Mems_allowed     :   1     Mems_allowed_list:   0     voluntary_ctxt_switches   :   2     nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:   3      * * * Not that it destroys my beauty sleep, but wondering …


Grub2, boot into existing OS option?

I've got Grub2 installed on a USB stick, and I want to add an entry to the `grub.cfg` that will boot in to another bootloader e.g. grub on the main harddrive. Like how the Windows 7 install disk will skip starting its install if you press a key, or Arch Linux's "boot in to an existing OS" option.


In emacs, is there a way to Hex edit/view a buffer without losing the undo info?

When I use _hexl-mode_ in emacs, it discards the buffer's undo info.   Is there another way to hex-edit the buffer and yet retain the undo info? If there is no alternative hex-editor, is there a hex-viewer which can view the buffer? I have tried _hexview-mode_ , but it doesn't view the actual buffer; it views the buffer's _file (from disk)_ , so I don't see the current edit.


Port forward to VPN Client?

I've run into a bit of a puzzle and haven't had much luck finding a solution. Right now I am (sadly) connected to the net via Verizon 3G. They filter all incoming traffic so it is impossible for me to open ports to accept connections. I currently have a Linux virtual machine at linode.com, and the thought crossed my mind to install `pptpd` and attempt to do some `iptables` port forwarding. I have `pptpd` installed and my home machine connects happily. That said, here's some general info: Server (Debian) WAN IP: x.x.x.x on eth0 - pptpd IP: y.y.y.1 on ppp0 - Client VPN IP: y.y.y.100 To verify I wasn't going insane, I attempted some connections from the server to the open ports on the client, and the client does accept the connections via the VPN IP. What I want to accomplish is this: Internet -> WAN IP:Port -> Forward to Client VPN IP:Port So for instance, if I had port 6000 open on my client, a person could telnet in to x.x.x.x:6000, and the server would catch that and forward it to 192.168.3.100:6000. I have tried at least 20 different Googled up `iptables` configs and none have worked yet. Does anyone have any ideas, or perhaps even a totally different approach I might not be aware of? The goal here is to listen through a horribly firewalled connection, preferably both TCP and UDP traffic.


Find total file size of a disk

I have a corrupted NTFS volume. I ran `rsync` to copy everything from it, which reported a total # bytes transferred at the end. What's another tool I can use to verify the total # bytes on the disk against `rsync`'s reported # of bytes?


Having problems with script and redirecting input to stdin

**EDIT:** found mistake, it was actually bug in my program, I had > instead of >= in my for loop that reads coefficients. I'm fairly new to linux, and I need help with bash scripting. I have C program, that takes data from stdin in this form:               Degree of A:     nA     Coefficients of A:     .... //reads nA+1 numbers, separated by white space (e.g. 1 2 3 8 -5 ...)     Degree of B:     nB     Coefficients of B:     .... //reads nB+1 numbers, same as A.      I'm trying to debug my program, since it has trouble with big amounts of numbers (takes a lot of time, when it shouldn't). So I created bash script that generates lot of numbers, then stores them in file, edits it a little bit and then sends it to stdin of my program, here is the script:               #!/bin/bash     rm tmp.txt     COUNT=0     for i in range {0..5000}     do         COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1`         echo $(($RANDOM%100 - 50)) >> tmp.txt     done     echo 1 > in1.txt     echo '1 2' >> in1.txt     echo $(($COUNT-1)) >> in1.txt     cat tmp.txt |tr '\n' ' ' >> in1.txt     time ./a.out < in1.txt      This creates file called tmp.txt, that has lots of numbers, each on a new line. So I then echo few numbers to a new file called in1.txt (they correspond to A from example above). After that, I echo number of B's into that file and then take tmp.txt, replace \n with white space and append it to that file. After all that is done, I time how long does the program execute. Problem is, it has trouble with the last line. Program executes, but with the wrong data. Here is snippet of in1.txt file:               1     1 2     5001     -30 50 <long line of numbers ...>      What am I doing wrong here?


Cron file syntax checker/validator script

Does anyone know a script (`bash`, `perl`, `php` ...) to validate the syntax of crontab files? I found this http://www.intuitive.com/wicked/showscript.cgi?053-verifycron.sh but just Vixie `cron` notation is not supported (eg, 2-6/2).


How to encrypt data in Linux while leaving access for certain app

Is there any way to set up Linux in such a way that a regular user can not view or modify an encrypted file (located on an encrypted partition probably), while he at the same time is allowed to work with an application that has full access to that file? Please note that the file should be encrypted and not just inaccessible. Reason: I want to use sqlite for my application, but it is not encrypted, and storing encrypted chunks is not a good idea in terms of proper indexing. So I thought maybe Linux may solve this. Oh, and this application will be delivered along with a set-up machine, so end-users wont need to mess with the partitions and installation.


Testing which modules are unloaded with modprobe

I'm currently searching for the right driver for my Broadcom BCM4313 network/wifi device. At first no network was recognized at all, now I managed to connect, but the connection is really slow. I read that it can be helpful to unload some driver modules with `modprobe` since they can disturb each other. To find the right driver I'm thinking of trying to unload all of them and then activate each one alone. Is there a possibility to find out which modules are activated and is there a command to unload all wifi modules at once? Any other hints concerning my troubleshooting are welcome as well. ## Edit: To prevent misunderstanding: From the comments I assume that screening the modules is not a good way to find the right driver. I was still looking for a way to find the active modules to get a deeper understanding of which module is active and ergo doing something and which is not.


"404 Not Found" when updating the package list using apt-get

Trying to update my Apt-based Sytems (Ubuntu 8.04.2 LTS (hardy)), I am getting this error any recommendations?               # apt-get update     Err http://packages.cloudkick.com intrepid Release.gpg       Could not resolve 'packages.cloudkick.com'     Hit http://agentrepo.drivesrvr.com serveragent Release.gpg                                                                                Hit http://apt.newrelic.com newrelic Release.gpg                    and               Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/main Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]     Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy Release         Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/restricted Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]     Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/universe Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]     Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/main Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]     Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/restricted Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]     Err http://security.ubuntu.com hardy-security/universe Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.14 80]      and more               Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/main Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/restricted Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/universe Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/main Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/restricted Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy/universe Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/main Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/restricted Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/universe Packages       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/main Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/restricted Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]     Err http://archive.ubuntu.com hardy-updates/universe Sources       404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.92.200 80]


Why is bash not storing commands that start with spaces?

If I perform a sequence of commands like:               $ ls     $ grep abc file.txt      and then use the up arrow key to get the previous one, the terminal will show the last cmd (which is the `grep` here) But if I do something like this:               $ ls     $   grep abc file.txt      where `grep` is preceded by spaces, pressing up gives `ls`, not `grep`. Why is this?


How to execute a script on program launch and end

As the title suggests - how do I run a script when a program starts/ends? Specifically, I made a script to toggle my touchpad/trackpoint on and off and I want to use it to turn inputs off when I start GIMP and to turn them on again when I stop it.               #!/bin/bash          if [ $1 = "on" ]     then         echo "Turning inputs on"         xinput enable 15         xinput enable 13     elif [ $1 = "off" ]     then         echo "Turning inputs off"         xinput disable 15         xinput disable 13     fi      This is my script (it was suggested that I include it)


How to regenerate initramfs so it can include bcache module?

Eventually I have converted root-fs into bcache (with the help of `blocks`). I skipped the step `update-initramfs -u -k all` because I've been using bcache on other partitions for some time, and I've wrongly assumed, that the appropriate kernel module must have been in the initramfs already. The system doesn't boot; instead it shows me the initramfs prompt, and I cannot see bcache neither on `/sys/fs/bcache` nor on `cat /proc/modules`; so I assume that the module is loaded on the later stages. Normally I'd boot into liveCD and rebuild the initramfs from there with the `chroot` trick. Unfortunately I know no Linux live CD with bcache support, so I have no hope of mounting the root partition other way, than buing new hard drive and installing a Linux there so it can be a platfrom for repairing the main Linux... And playing with two Linux installations would take a lot of extra time and addtitional risk that I might screw another thing up. Is there anything I can do without buing a new hard drive? Maybe someone know a liveCD that supports bcache? I use Linux Mint Cinnamon 16 64bit with separate boot partition. * * * Update: The installation of `bcache-tools` from the "official" `bcache ppa:g2p/storage` does indeed install the required `bcache` modules. Except that if you have more then 1 kernel on /boot it applies it only to the most recent kernel. In my case I had two kernels: 3.11 from official the Ubuntu Saucy sources, and second mainline kernel 3.12 (which isn't compatible with Cinnamon 2.0 somehow). Only the 3.12 kernel got the bcache module included in the initramfs.


Installing VirtualBox Guest Additions on Ubuntu Server 10.04

I am trying to install Guest Additions on my Ubuntu 10.04 VM running out of Virtual Box. The problem starts when the instructions call for some menu feature that I cannot find, specifically: > Go to the Virtualbox Devices entry on the menu bar of the guest OS and > select Install Guest Additions… , this will load the Guest Additions ISO CD > image. I do not have any `Devices` entry on my menu bar on the guest window.


Problems configuring kernel

Trying to recompile my kernel and getting the following error to support Xen PCI Passthrough.It almost makes it through the whole build then flops out when building the image.                   dh_testdir         dh_testroot         dh_installchangelogs -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         dh_installchangelogs: package linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen is not in control info         dh_installdocs -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         dh_installdocs: package linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen is not in control info         dh_compress -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         dh_fixperms -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen -X/boot/         dh_installdeb -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         dh_installdeb: package linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen is not in control info         dh_installdeb: package linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen is not in control info         dh_shlibdeps -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         flock -w 60 /home/frontdoor/ubuntu-precise/source/debian/.LOCK dh_gencontrol -        plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen         dpkg-gencontrol: error: package linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen not in control info         dh_gencontrol: dpkg-gencontrol -plinux-image-3.2.0-8-xen -ldebian/changelog -Tdebian/linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen.substvars -Pdebian/linux-image-3.2.0-8-xen returned exit code 255         make: *** [binary-xen] Error 25         frontdoor@HSFMSRV3:~/ubuntu-precise/source$


How do I get GNOME 3 to work in Debian Wheezy under VMware?

I just installed Debian 7.4 in a VMware machine. On first boot, it gave me the following error: ![GNOME 3 Failed to load](http://i.stack.imgur.com/59XUy.png)               GNOME 3 Failed to Load          Unfortunately GNOME 3 failed to start properly and started in the     fallback mode.          This most likely means your systeam (graphics hardware or driver) is not     capable of delivering the full GNOME 3 experience.      Then, I noticed that 3D acceleration was disabled in my VM settings, so I enabled it and restarted the VM. I still got the same error. I noticed that the default resolution was 800x600 for some reason, so I increased that and rebooted. This time, I didn't get the error, but I still don't see GNOME 3. What am I doing wrong and how can I fix all this and get GNOME working under VMware? I am running this on a mid-2011 iMac with an AMD/ATi Radeon HD 6750M 512MB and 16GB of system RAM, so it certainly can't be due to the host system limitations.


How to determine if NFS mount is mounted as v3 or v4?

Red Hat 5/6 when I do mount it says type nfs, I would like to know how to determine version if it isn't listed in mount options or fstab. Please don't say remount it with the version option, I want to know how to determine the currently mounted NFS version. I am guessing it will default based on NFS server/client settings, but how to I determine what it is currently? I am pretty sure it's NFS v3 because nfs4_setfacl is not supported it seems.


NetBSD Serial Port Gateway

I have an old Toshiba Satellite 4015CDT, with Pentium II MMX, 32MB RAM, 4GB HDD. It also has one USB 1.0 port, parallel and serial ports, a 3.5" floppy drive and a CD-ROM drive (almost dead). Also, NetBSD 5.1 is installed on the machine.* Is it possible to connect the NetBSD machine to a Windows machine (Windows XP) through a serial port, so that the Windows machine will serve as a gateway to the Internet for the NetBSD machine? If so, how? If it is of any help, here is the page from the NetBSD documentation on serial connections. I would very much appreciate any help on this matter. Thanks in advance. * _This is the same computer as inhere._


Configuring mouse for right+left button simulating middle click (for copy/paste)

I was using the mouse copy-paste extensively, until recently, when some OpenSuSe upgrade reconfigured this on all my machines. Now the scrollbuton is the one to paste (which I hate, since it's hard to click without scrolling, and I also click it sometimes accidentally). Where is this configured? Ideally I would love something that I can add to session start (for both Gnome and KDE).


how long use of linux?

`/proc/uptime` shows how long the system has been running since the last time I turned it on. Is there a way to determine the total amount of time the system has ever been on since I first installed it? For example, if I setup the system, run it for 20 minutes, turn it off, and turn it on again for 10 minutes, I'm looking for something that tells me the system has been run for 30 minutes total. Is there a command that does this? What about one for finding the date the system was installed?


Finding computer uptime from first day until now

I need to find PC uptime from the day of installation until now. Is this logged somewhere? Does any file log this cumulative uptime?


Reading audio stream data from internet radio and pushing it to temporary file

I'm in the process of setting up an audio processor on my remotely hosted CentOS box. The audio processor itself is command line based, and after speaking with the author he explained to me that it works by reading in a live .WAV stream, and it outputs a live .WAV too. Now basically, the scenario I have is this: I have a shoutcast server on this box using port 8000. This shoutcast server is the point at which the DJ's connect. I have a secondary shoutcast server using port 8002 where the listeners will connect. In between these, I would like to use this audio processing tool. It would need to connect to the first shoutcast server on port 8000, process the audio, and then send it to the server on port 8002. The program cannot do this on it's own unfortunately, so I am told by the software author. He also stated that this scenario is workable, providing I use the right method. He suggested something like the following: >   1. Command line tool that reads the incoming stream, and pipes it to: >   2. Command line tool that extracts the MP3 data to WAV format, for example > lame with option --decode. >   3. Stereo Tool. >   4. Program that encodes WAV to MP3 data, for example lame. >   5. Program that streams this, which can handle a pipe as input. > > > Step 1+2 could be replaced by: 'arecord', linked using 'jack' to a program > that receives and plays an incoming stream > > Similarly, step 5 could be replaced by: 'aplayer', linked using 'jack' to a > program that streams audio data. I do understand what he has said, and I could proably do this if I was using a local install with a GUI and a sound card. But, with me not being majorly familiar with Linux command line, and not having a sound card, I am at a loss as to how something like this could be implemented. I am totally lost to be honest, and would appreciate some insight from you linux guru's on how to configure something like this. It's mainly the input and output im struggling with. Thanks in advance for any help. Dave


Shell - Deal with multiple command history files

Where I work, for security and auditing purpose, we have to keep one history file for each session (user, date, terminal, etc in the file name). Obviously, the `HISTFILE` variable, is set to read only (`readonly HISTFILE`), therefore a normal user cannot set a different history file (either not root, without changing `/etc/profile`). This is what we have in the `/etc/profile`:               EXTENDED_HISTORY=ON     readonly EXTENDED_HISTORY     export EXTENDED_HISTORY     HISTFILE=$HOME/.history/`date +%y%m%d.%H%M%S`.${WHO_USER:-user}.${WHO_TERMINAL:-term}.${SSH_PORT:-port}.${MY_PID:-pid}     readonly HISTFILE     export HISTFILE      The big issue is that we cannot search for old commands, except doing a grep on the older files. Do you please have a simple workaround or even a better solution to keep the auditing and still be able to share the command history across multiple sessions? We use ksh and bash.


How do I set an environment variable on the command line and have it appear in commands?

If I run               export TEST=foo     echo $TEST      It outputs foo. If I run               TEST=foo echo $TEST      It does not. How can I get this functionality without using export or a script?


how to login as a member of specific group

i want to login as a member of non primary group to create files whose owner as a member of non primary group of current user.               -rwxr-xr-x 2 gowtham  gowtham      4096 Sep  5 14:48 defaultNewFile     drwxr-xr-x 2 gowtham  specificgrp  4096 Sep  5 14:50 requiredNewFile      i don't want to change group ownership after creation of file with chown. I am more interested in login as a member of a non primary group.


Paths in my bash profile do not work!

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/Users/rodrigoprugue/Desktop/CRUNCH:~/phreeqc/bin:$PATH     export PARFLOW_DIR=~/parflow/parflow.r605/     export SILO_DIR=~/parflow/silo-4.7.2/     export HYPRE_DIR=~/parflow/hypre-2.4.0b/     export CC=gcc     export CXX=g++     export FC=gfortran     export F77=gfortran      Can someone tell me why my path for phreeqc will not work?


How to unzip a directory inside a zip file

I want to unzip a certail directory inside a zip file using the following command:               unzip -oq vqmodmanager.zip upload -d temp/      But the system gives the following error:               caution: filename not matched:  upload      Actually, there is a directory called `upload` inside the zip file. How can I unzip that directory only?


openvpn WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled

I tried to install openvpn on debian squeez (server) and connect from my fedora 17 as (client). Here is my configuration: ### server configuration               # Server TCP     proto tcp     port 1194     dev tun          # Keys and certificates     ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt     cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt     key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key     dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem          # Network     # Virtual address of the VPN network     server 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0     # This line adds the client to the router network server     push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0"     # Create a route server to the tun interface     #route 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0          # Security     keepalive 10 120     # type of data encryption     cipher AES-128-CBC     # enabling compression     comp-lzo     # maximum number of clients allowed     max-clients 10     # no user and group specific to the use of the VPN     user nobody     group nogroup          # to make persistent connection     persist-key     persist-tun          # Log of the OpenVPN status     status /var/log/openvpn-status.log          # logs openvpnlog /var/log/openvpn.log     log-append /var/log/openvpn.log          # verbosity     verb 5      ### client configuration               client     dev tun     proto tcp-client     remote <my server wan IP> 1194     resolv-retry infinite     cipher AES-128-CBC          # Keys     ca ca.crt     cert client.crt     key client.key          # Security     nobind     persist-key     persist-tun     comp-lzo     verb 3      Message from the host client (fedora 17) in the log file `/var/log/messages`:               Dec  6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> Starting VPN service 'openvpn'...     Dec  6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn), PID 7470     Dec  6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' appeared; activating connections     Dec  6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: starting (3)     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (Connect) reply received.     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: OpenVPN 2.2.2 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] built on Sep  5 2012     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"][U][B] WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled.[/B][/U][/COLOR]  See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"] WARNING: file '/home/login/client/client.key' is group or others accessible[/COLOR]     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link local: [undef]     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link remote: [COLOR="Red"]<my server wan IP>[/COLOR]:1194     Dec  6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)[/COLOR]     Dec  6 21:56:03 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4[/COLOR] [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)     Dec  6 21:56:07 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)     Dec  6 21:56:15 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)     Dec  6 21:56:31 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)     Dec  6 21:56:41 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <warn> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (IP Conf[/CODE]      ### ifconfig on server host(debian):               ifconfig      eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:16:21:ac                 inet addr:192.168.1.6  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0               inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe16:21ac/64 Scope:Link               UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1               RX packets:9059 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0               TX packets:5660 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0               collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000                RX bytes:919427 (897.8 KiB)  TX bytes:1273891 (1.2 MiB)     tun0      Link encap:UNSPEC  HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00                 inet addr:192.170.70.1  P-t-P:192.170.70.2  Mask:255.255.255.255               UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1               RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0               TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0               collisions:0 txqueuelen:100                RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)      ### ifconfig on the client host (fedora 17)               as0t0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500             inet 5.5.0.1  netmask 255.255.252.0  destination 5.5.0.1             unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 200  (UNSPEC)             RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)             RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0             TX packets 2  bytes 321 (321.0 B)             TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0          as0t1: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500             inet 5.5.4.1  netmask 255.255.252.0  destination 5.5.4.1             unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 200  (UNSPEC)             RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)             RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0             TX packets 2  bytes 321 (321.0 B)             TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0          as0t2: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500             inet 5.5.8.1  netmask 255.255.252.0  destination 5.5.8.1             unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 200  (UNSPEC)             RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)             RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0             TX packets 2  bytes 321 (321.0 B)             TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0          as0t3: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500             inet 5.5.12.1  netmask 255.255.252.0  destination 5.5.12.1             unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 200  (UNSPEC)             RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)             RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0             TX packets 2  bytes 321 (321.0 B)             TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0          **p255p1**: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500             inet 192.168.1.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255             inet6 fe80::21d:baff:fe20:b7e6  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>             ether 00:1d:ba:20:b7:e6  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)             RX packets 4842070  bytes 3579798184 (3.3 GiB)             RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0             TX packets 3996158  bytes 2436442882 (2.2 GiB)             TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0             device interrupt 16        ### p255p1 is label for eth0 interface **and** ### on the server :               root@hoteserver:/etc/openvpn# tree     .     ├── client     │** ├── ca.crt     │** ├── client.conf     │** ├── client.crt     │** ├── client.csr     │** ├── client.key     │** ├── client.ovpn     │*     │**      ├── easy-rsa     │** ├── build-ca     │** ├── build-dh     │** ├── build-inter     │** ├── build-key     │** ├── build-key-pass     │** ├── build-key-pkcs12     │** ├── build-key-server     │** ├── build-req     │** ├── build-req-pass     │** ├── clean-all     │** ├── inherit-inter     │** ├── keys     │** │** ├── 01.pem     │** │** ├── 02.pem     │** │** ├── ca.crt     │** │** ├── ca.key     │** │** ├── client.crt     │** │** ├── client.csr     │** │** ├── client.key     │** │** ├── dh1024.pem     │** │** ├── index.txt     │** │** ├── index.txt.attr     │** │** ├── index.txt.attr.old     │** │** ├── index.txt.old     │** │** ├── serial     │** │** ├── serial.old     │** │** ├── server.crt     │** │** ├── server.csr     │** │** └── server.key     │** ├── list-crl     │** ├── Makefile     │** ├── openssl-0.9.6.cnf.gz     │** ├── openssl.cnf     │** ├── pkitool     │** ├── README.gz     │** ├── revoke-full     │** ├── sign-req     │** ├── vars     │** └── whichopensslcnf     ├── openvpn.log     ├── openvpn-status.log     ├── server.conf     └── update-resolv-conf      ### on the client:               [login@hoteclient openvpn]$ tree      .     |-- easy-rsa     |   |-- 1.0     |   |   |-- build-ca     |   |   |-- build-dh     |   |   |-- build-inter     |   |   |-- build-key     |   |   |-- build-key-pass     |   |   |-- build-key-pkcs12     |   |   |-- build-key-server     |   |   |-- build-req     |   |   |-- build-req-pass     |   |   |-- clean-all     |   |   |-- list-crl     |   |   |-- make-crl     |   |   |-- openssl.cnf     |   |   |-- README     |   |   |-- revoke-crt     |   |   |-- revoke-full     |   |   |-- sign-req     |   |   `-- vars     |   `-- 2.0     |       |-- build-ca     |       |-- build-dh     |       |-- build-inter     |       |-- build-key     |       |-- build-key-pass     |       |-- build-key-pkcs12     |       |-- build-key-server     |       |-- build-req     |       |-- build-req-pass     |       |-- clean-all     |       |-- inherit-inter     |       |-- keys [error opening dir]     |       |-- list-crl     |       |-- Makefile     |       |-- openssl-0.9.6.cnf     |       |-- openssl-0.9.8.cnf     |       |-- openssl-1.0.0.cnf     |       |-- pkitool     |       |-- README     |       |-- revoke-full     |       |-- sign-req     |       |-- vars     |       `-- whichopensslcnf     |-- keys -> ./easy-rsa/2.0/keys/     `-- server.conf      Is the source of the problem `cipher AES-128-CBC`, `proto tcp-client` or UDP or the interface `p255p1` on Fedora17 or that file authentification `ta.key` is not found?


How to duplicate a stream and process both parts in a streaming way?

Sometimes I want to insert something in a pipeline for reporting or some other secondary use. It might be as simple as `wc -l`, or a more complex beast like `awk` or even a python script. It'd be nice to run a pipeline like this:               zcat my_data_file.gz \     | wc -l > /tmp/linecount     | process_data.py      The problem is that most utilities won't right the data to stdout. `tee` can write the data to a temporary file, but then I have to wait until everything is done:               zcat my_data_file.gz \     | tee /tmp/f \     | process_data.py && \     wc -l /tmp/f > /tmp/linecount && rm /tmp/f      This is not optimal: it may be a very long-running pipeline; I may want to see intermediat results from the analogue to `wc` sooner; and I may not want to store all the data in a temporary file.


How to change the current directory graphically using the keyboard only?

There was a program named NCD (Norton Change Directory) a few years ago that did a good job at helping me change directory back in the DOS days. This programs displayed a tree, and you could navigate in the tree with the directional arrows, and even find directories with regex (substrings). Which program is there today to do this task ? I found wcd (available on Ubuntu), but for some reason it doesn't change the CWD to what I choose in the tree view, it just displays it on stdout. I just have               -> /home/ant/arduino-0023/examples      when I hit enter, and the cwd has not changed. I'm looking for a program that runs on Linux and OS X.


Force GRUB to boot into a specific kernel/OS?

I'm using both a Bluetooth mouse and keyboard, and frankly it's really annoying having to go grab a physical keyboard in order to boot into another kernel version or into Windows on another partition. Is there a way for me to tell GRUB that when it reboots, to boot directly into a specific kernel or Windows? Is there a command I can run along the lines of `grub-reboot "Windows 7"` which would cause my machine to reboot and when starting up, boot into the specified OS or kernel?


Vim Error E138: Can't write viminfo file $HOME/.viminfo!

I'm afraid I've run into something rather strange. When I open a file normally, `vim README.txt`, everything is fine. But upon `sudo vim README.txt`, the file renders blank, and gives me a `E138: Can't write viminfo file $HOME/.viminfo!` error upon trying to exit. I suspected the `.viminfo` file was corrupt, so I deleted it. This problem remains. Can anyone help?


Shell escape characters for sh -c

I need to execute a command with escaped argument(s) using sh -c. I know the string looks pretty ugly but simple ones don't cause a problem. The output of the echo when passed to sh -c is different then when run stand alone and I am struggling to figure out how to fix it. Background: [1] I am escaping the arguments to the echo command since this is passed in and I wanted to make sure extra command were not inserted. [2] I am using sh -c as I wanted to have the ability to use shell facilities like | or nohup etc.. [3] Probably not relevant but this is being run through an ssh connection to a remote server. The command and output of the sh -c command is:               sh -c "echo \a\\\\\b\;\c"          ;c      The command and output of the stand alone command is:               echo \a\\\\\b\;\c          a\\b;c      Any help would be much appreciated!


How can I assign an initial/default password to a user in Linux?

I found a guide that explains how to set a user's password. I'm trying to automate it and send an e-mail to the user like:               userid created with password XYZ.     request to change the initial password.      According to the doc above, an encrypted password needs to be created using Python and fed to the `usermod` command like this:                usermod -p "<encrypted-password>" <username>      Are there any other simpler ways to do this? I don't want to download any special utility to do it; it should be generalized as much as possible. * * * **Edit** : Even the method given in the above link doesn't seem to work for me:               bash-3.00# python     Python 2.4.6 (#1, Dec 13 2009, 23:43:51) [C] on sunos5     Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.     >>> import crypt; print crypt.crypt("<password>","<salt>")     <sOMrcxm7pCPI     >>> ^D     bash-3.00# useradd -g other -p "sOMrcxm7pCPI" -G bin,sys -m -s /usr/bin/bash mukesh2     UX: useradd: ERROR: project sOMrcxm7pCPI does not exist.  Choose another.     UX: useradd: sOMrcxm7pCPI name should be all lower case or numeric.


How to disable the system beep of LMDE?

I got annoyed with the system beep of Linux Mint Debian Edition when I login or logout. I have found some solutions like:               echo "blacklist pcspkr" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist but it didn't work for me. How can I turn off the beep?


QT applications does support Unicode

My system is Gentoo amd64, and the desktop environment is Xfce4. So far, most applications works well, except the terminal and QT-family applications. The Chromium,Thunar, Thunderbird and many other applications supports Unicode very well. I can see and input Chinese. But the terminal does not support displaying/inputting Chinese. I tried to set the LANG and LC_CTYPE variables, set the fonts...nothing works. My SMPlayer and VLC uses QT based UI, and both of the cannot play the video if the path/file name contains non-ASCII characters. But they works well otherwise.


How use tune2fs in with dd?

In this tutorial is written > To regain unique UUIDs, use `tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random` on every > partition. Ok, but how can I use it with this command?               dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror      Or I have to use it after the `dd` comand?


Fan Controll for bsd

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fan_Speed_Control is there such a thing like that for freebsd?


How can I send data to the STDIN of a background process?

I'm trying to:   * Launch several `ssh` sessions (processes) through a script (Python)   * Communicate with the sessions by sending them commands via STDIN (even though they aren't open in my current terminal) I've got the session spawning part down. I'm just unable to grab the process and send it stuff. I should mention this is a realm I've only recently started delving in so I'm definitely missing theory. **Explanation:** In-depth what I'm trying to do is launch `ssh` WITHOUT a terminal (I'm already doing this with python, so that isn't the issue) in the background. My problem arises when I actually want to communicate with the background process. How can I send data to a background process' STDIN?


Command line utility to retrieve password, that has no echo back

Bash builtin read command doesn't seem to support it, now I need to let user input a password while no echo should be displayed, what tool can I use?


Is it possible to match multiple specific line numbers (not range) with sed?

Consider:               echo -e "a\nb\nc\nd\ne\nf\ng\nh" | sed '3,5a test'      This will match lines 3, 4 and 5. But I am trying to match only lines 3 and 5 (not 4). And append 'test' after them.


Linux Mint 12: DVD version vs CD version

I have the CD version so why should i consider upgrading to the DVD version? what are the major features that the DVD version offer? From a programmer's point of view:   * performance   * Libraries   * additional software


Does my VM need to be on the same LAN IP range to ping?

I have a home LAN where all internal IP addresses are in the rang 192.169.0.0-254. However, on one of those computers I have setup a CentOS VM, which currently seems to be set to 10.0.2.1. So the VM can ping the host (192.169.0.1), but the host can't ping the VM (10.0.2.1). Why is that? Does the VM need to be in the same IP range as the rest of the LAN? If so, how do I do that? If no, what needs to be done so I ping the VM from the host? At the moment the VM is using the NAT option, should it be set to Bridged?


How may I Obtain a RHEL/CentOS in OVA Format?

My company has an internal cloud that provisions VMs either in an OpenStack (KVM) or a VMware (ESX) hypervisor. It already provides RHEL 6.4 on the KVM, but I've used up the max number of VMs from that hypervisor and need to start using the ESX one. However, the ESX does not have any RHEL templates and takes uploads of virtual machines in "OVA" format. "OFV" can be converted into "OVA", so I could use that as well. Yet I can't find a download of either of these files. Is there any link to a direct download? If not, how may I create an OVF/OVA of a RHEL 6.4 or CentOS 6.4?


find not working right

if [[ "$1" == "" ]]      then          leftarray=($(find . -type l -printf "%p\n" 2>/dev/null))     rightarray=($(find . -type l -printf "%l\n" 2>/dev/null))          for var in "${rightarray[@]}"     do        maximumarray[$index]=`echo "$var" | tr -dc "/" | wc -c | tr -d " "`        index=$(($index+1))     done     #############     for numbers in "${maximumarray[@]}"     do        if [[ $numbers > $MAX  ]]        then        MAX=$numbers        fi     done     #############     for var in "${rightarray[@]}"     do             component=`echo "$var" |  tr -dc "/" | wc -c | tr -d " "`             if [[ $component -eq $MAX  ]]             then             echo "Output: '${leftarray[$temp]} -> ${rightarray[$temp]}'"             fi        emp=$(($temp + 1))     done      Here's the problem When running script without arguments or switches it should search through all directories and subdirectories of directory where you are. It does not work and I do not know why and it drives me crazy. This script should find the symbolic link with longest number of `"/"` in `-printf "%l\n"` and output it. It should work when there are more links with same number of "/" this script have also switch `-d <number>` and it has the same code as above but in find i use also -maxdepth and it works fine so I do not know why this does not work. Any help ?