VIA "Chrome 9 HC" graphics card causes blackscreen on CentOS 6.5

I'm using Centos 6.5 (i386, fully updated) and get a black screen, when trying to startx. Debian was able to run a Desktop-Environment on the same machine. My graphics card is: CN896/VN896/P4M900 [Chrome 9 HC] (Vendor: VIA) This driver is installed: xorg-x11-drv- openchrome-0.3.0-3.20120806git.el6.i686.rpm (link to driver) I'm a beginner with linux, so all I see is, that /var/log/Xorg.0.log says there might be a problem with the drivers:               [   992.839]     X.Org X Server 1.13.0     Release Date: 2012-09-05     [   992.839] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0     [   992.839] Build Operating System: c6b9 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64     [   992.839] Current Operating System: Linux cli-4-sw 2.6.32-431.20.3.el6.i686 #1 SMP Thu Jun 19 19:51:30 UTC 2014 i686     [   992.839] Kernel command line: ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_cli4sw-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=de-latin1-nodeadkeys rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rd_LVM_LV=vg_cli4sw/lv_swap  LANG=de_DE.UTF-8 rd_LVM_LV=vg_cli4sw/lv_root rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet     [   992.839] Build Date: 20 December 2013  12:05:13PM     [   992.843] Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.13.0-23.1.el6.centos     [   992.843] Current version of pixman: 0.26.2     [   992.843]    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.centos.org/Documentation        to make sure that you have the latest version.     [   992.843] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,        (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,        (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.     [   992.843] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Jul  8 13:26:18 2014     [   992.844] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"     [   992.844] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"     [   992.844] (==) No Layout section.  Using the first Screen section.     [   992.844] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.     [   992.844] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)     [   992.844] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"     [   992.845] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".        Using a default monitor configuration.     [   992.845] (**) Option "DontVTSwitch" "true"     [   992.845] (**) Option "DontZap" "true"     [   992.845] (==) Automatically adding devices     [   992.845] (==) Automatically enabling devices     [   992.845] (==) Not automatically adding GPU devices     [   992.845] (==) FontPath set to:        catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpath.d,        built-ins     [   992.845] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"     [   992.845] (II) The server relies on HAL to provide the list of input devices.        If no devices become available, reconfigure HAL or disable AutoAddDevices.     [   992.845] (II) Loader magic: 0x8271020     [   992.845] (II) Module ABI versions:     [   992.845]    X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4     [   992.845]    X.Org Video Driver: 13.1     [   992.849]    X.Org XInput driver : 18.1     [   992.849]    X.Org Server Extension : 7.0     [   992.851] (--) PCI:*(0:1:0:0) 1106:3371:1106:3371 rev 1, Mem @ 0xd0000000/134217728, 0xdd000000/16777216, BIOS @ 0x????????/65536     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension Generic Event Extension     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension SHAPE     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XTEST     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension BIG-REQUESTS     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension SYNC     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XC-MISC     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension SECURITY     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XFIXES     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension RENDER     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension RANDR     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension DOUBLE-BUFFER     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension RECORD     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension DPMS     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension X-Resource     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XVideo     [   992.855] Initializing built-in extension XVideo-MotionCompensation     [   992.856] Initializing built-in extension SELinux     [   992.856] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-VidModeExtension     [   992.856] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DGA     [   992.856] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DRI     [   992.856] Initializing built-in extension DRI2     [   992.856] (II) "glx" will be loaded by default.     [   992.856] (II) LoadModule: "dri2"     [   992.856] (II) Module "dri2" already built-in     [   992.856] (II) LoadModule: "glamoregl"     [   992.857] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so     [   992.885] (II) Module glamoregl: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.885]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.5.0     [   992.885]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4     [   992.885] (II) LoadModule: "glx"     [   992.886] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so     [   992.886] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.886]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 1.0.0     [   992.887]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 7.0     [   992.887] (==) AIGLX enabled     [   992.887] Loading extension GLX     [   992.887] (==) Matched openchrome as autoconfigured driver 0     [   992.887] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 1     [   992.887] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 2     [   992.887] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 3     [   992.887] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout     [   992.887] (II) LoadModule: "openchrome"     [   992.891] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/openchrome_drv.so     [   992.892] (II) Module openchrome: vendor="http://openchrome.org/"     [   992.892]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.3.0     [   992.892]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver     [   992.892]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   992.892] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"     [   992.893] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so     [   992.897] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.897]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 2.3.2     [   992.897]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver     [   992.897]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   992.897] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"     [   992.898] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so     [   992.899] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.899]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.5.0     [   992.899]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver     [   992.899]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   992.899] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"     [   992.899] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so     [   992.903] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.903]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.4.3     [   992.903]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver     [   992.903]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   992.903] (II) OPENCHROME: Driver for VIA Chrome chipsets: CLE266, KM400/KN400,        K8M800/K8N800, PM800/PM880/CN400, VM800/P4M800Pro/VN800/CN700,        CX700/VX700, K8M890/K8N890, P4M890, P4M900/VN896/CN896, VX800/VX820,        VX855/VX875, VX900     [   992.904] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa     [   992.904] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms     [   992.904] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev     [   992.904] (--) using VT number 7          [   992.913] (!!) VIA Technologies does not support this driver in any way.     [   992.918] (!!) For support, please refer to http://www.openchrome.org/.     [   992.919] (!!) (development build, compiled on Sat Feb 23 19:56:24 2013)     [   992.919] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa     [   992.919] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting     [   992.919] (EE) open /dev/dri/card0: No such file or directory     [   992.919] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev     [   992.919] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"     [   992.919] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"     [   992.919] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so     [   992.920] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   992.920]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.0.2     [   992.920]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   992.930] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such device     [   992.931] (II) CHROME(0): VIAPreInit     [   992.931] (II) CHROME(0): VIAGetRec     [   992.931] (--) CHROME(0): Chipset: P4M900/VN896/CN896     [   992.931] (--) CHROME(0): Chipset revision: 0     [   993.015] (EE) CHROME(0): [drm] Failed to open DRM device for pci:0000:01:00.0: No such file or directory     [   993.015] (II) Loading sub module "vgahw"     [   993.015] (II) LoadModule: "vgahw"     [   993.015] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libvgahw.so     [   993.016] (II) Module vgahw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   993.016]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 0.1.0     [   993.016]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   993.016] (--) CHROME(0): Probed amount of VideoRAM = 131072 kB     [   993.016] (II) CHROME(0): VIAMapMMIO     [   993.017] (--) CHROME(0): mapping MMIO @ 0xdd000000 with size 0xd000     [   993.017] (--) CHROME(0): mapping BitBlt MMIO @ 0xdd200000 with size 0x200000     [   993.021] (II) CHROME(0): vgaHWGetIOBase: hwp->IOBase is 0x03d0     [   993.021] (II) CHROME(0): VIAMapFB     [   993.021] (--) CHROME(0): mapping framebuffer @ 0xd0000000 with size 0x8000000     [   993.132] (--) CHROME(0): Frame buffer start: 0xaf553000, free start: 0x0 end: 0x8000000     [   993.132] (II) CHROME(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section        "Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): RGB weight 888     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Default visual is TrueColor     [   993.132] (II) CHROME(0): VIASetupDefaultOptions - Setting up default chipset options.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Shadow framebuffer is disabled.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Hardware acceleration is enabled.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Using EXA acceleration architecture.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): EXA composite acceleration disabled.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): EXA scratch area size is 4096 kB.     [   993.132] (==) CHROME(0): Using hardware two-color cursors and software full-color cursors.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): GPU virtual command queue will be enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): DRI IRQ will be enabled if DRI is enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): AGP DMA will be disabled if DRI is enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): PCI DMA will not be used for XV image transfer if DRI is enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Will not enable VBE modes.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): VBE VGA register save & restore will not be used        if VBE modes are enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Xv Bandwidth check is enabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Will not impose a limit on video RAM reserved for DRI.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Will try to allocate 32768 kB of AGP memory.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): TV dotCrawl is disabled.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): TV deflicker is set to 0.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): No default TV type is set.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): No default TV output signal type is set.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): No default TV output port is set.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Will not print VGA registers.     [   993.136] (==) CHROME(0): Will not scan I2C buses.     [   993.136] (II) CHROME(0): ...Finished parsing config file options.     [   993.136] (WW) CHROME(0): Manufacturer plainly copied main PCI IDs to subsystem/card IDs.     [   993.136] (--) CHROME(0): Detected VIA VB8001 Mini-ITX Board (P4M900). Card-Ids (1106|3371)     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): Detected MemClk 8     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaGetMemoryBandwidth. Memory type: 8     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): Detected TV standard: NTSC.     [   993.137] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac"     [   993.137] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac"     [   993.137] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in     [   993.137] (II) Loading sub module "i2c"     [   993.137] (II) LoadModule: "i2c"     [   993.137] (II) Module "i2c" already built-in     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaI2CInit     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaI2CBus1Init     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): I2C bus "I2C bus 1" initialized.     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaI2cBus2Init     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): I2C bus "I2C bus 2" initialized.     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaI2CBus3Init     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): I2C bus "I2C bus 3" initialized.     [   993.137] (II) Loading sub module "ddc"     [   993.137] (II) LoadModule: "ddc"     [   993.137] (II) Module "ddc" already built-in     [   993.137] (II) CHROME(0): ViaOutputsDetect     [   993.138] (==) CHROME(0): LVDS-0 : Digital output bus width is 12 bits.     [   993.138] (==) CHROME(0): LVDS-0 : DVI Center is disabled.     [   993.138] (==) CHROME(0): LVDS Panel will not be forced.     [   993.138] (==) CHROME(0): Panel size is not selected from config file.     [   993.138] (II) CHROME(0): Output VGA-1 has no monitor section     [   993.142] (II) CHROME(0): I2C device "I2C bus 1:ddc2" registered at address 0xA0.     [   993.149] (II) CHROME(0): ViaDisplayDisableCRT     [   993.149] (II) CHROME(0): EDID for output VGA-1     [   993.149] (II) CHROME(0): Output VGA-1 disconnected     [   993.149] (WW) CHROME(0): No outputs definitely connected, trying again...     [   993.149] (II) CHROME(0): Output VGA-1 disconnected     [   993.149] (WW) CHROME(0): Unable to find connected outputs - setting 1024x768 initial framebuffer     [   993.149] (II) CHROME(0): Using default gamma of (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) unless otherwise stated.     [   993.149] (==) CHROME(0): DPI set to (96, 96)     [   993.149] (II) Loading sub module "fb"     [   993.149] (II) LoadModule: "fb"     [   993.150] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so     [   993.155] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   993.155]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 1.0.0     [   993.155]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4     [   993.155] (II) Loading sub module "exa"     [   993.155] (II) LoadModule: "exa"     [   993.155] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libexa.so     [   993.156] (II) Module exa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   993.156]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 2.6.0     [   993.156]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 13.1     [   993.156] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"     [   993.156] (II) Unloading vesa     [   993.156] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"     [   993.156] (II) Unloading modesetting     [   993.156] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"     [   993.160] (II) Unloading fbdev     [   993.160] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"     [   993.160] (II) Unloading fbdevhw     [   993.160] (--) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp     [   993.160] (II) CHROME(0): VIAScreenInit     [   993.160] (II) CHROME(0): Frame Buffer From (0,0) To (1024,32767)     [   993.160] (II) CHROME(0): Using 31999 lines for offscreen memory.     [   993.161] 3145728 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 300000, handle 165092776     [   993.161] 262144 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 600000, handle 165111608     [   993.161] 32 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 640000, handle 165085752     [   993.161] 32 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 640080, handle 165085880     [   993.161] (II) CHROME(0): - Visuals set up     [   993.161] (II) CHROME(0): - B & W     [   993.161] (II) CHROME(0): [EXA] Disabling EXA accelerated composite.     [   993.162] (**) CHROME(0): Option "MigrationHeuristic" "greedy"     [   993.162] (II) EXA(0): Offscreen pixmap area of 131072000 bytes     [   993.162] (II) EXA(0): Driver registered support for the following operations:     [   993.162] (II)         Solid     [   993.162] (II)         Copy     [   993.162] (II) CHROME(0): [EXA] Enabled EXA acceleration.     [   993.162] (==) CHROME(0): Backing store disabled     [   993.162] (II) CHROME(0): - Backing store set up     [   993.162] (II) CHROME(0): - SW cursor set up     [   993.162] (II) CHROME(0): HWCursor ARGB enabled     [   993.162] 16384 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 641000, handle 165093848     [   993.162] 16384 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 645000, handle 165094232     [   993.162] (II) CHROME(0): RandR 1.2 enabled, ignore the following RandR disabled message.     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): - Def Color map set up     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): - Palette loaded     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): - Color maps etc. set up     [   993.166] (==) CHROME(0): DPMS enabled     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): - DPMS set up     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): VIAEnterVT     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): VIASave     [   993.166] (II) CHROME(0): Primary     [   993.423] (II) CHROME(0): Primary Adapter! saving VGA_SR_ALL !!     [   993.427] (II) CHROME(0): Crtc...     [   993.427] (II) CHROME(0): TVSave...     [   993.427] (II) CHROME(0): VIASave     [   993.427] (II) CHROME(0): Primary     [   993.679] (II) CHROME(0): Primary Adapter! saving VGA_SR_ALL !!     [   993.679] (II) CHROME(0): Crtc...     [   993.679] (II) CHROME(0): TVSave...     [   993.679] (II) CHROME(0): ViaDisplayDisableCRT     [   993.679] (II) CHROME(0): ViaDisplayDisableCRT     [   993.679] DRM memory allocation failed -6     [   993.683] 635904 bytes of Linear memory allocated at 649000, handle 165152120     [   993.684] (II) CHROME(0): Benchmarking video copy.  Less time is better.     [   993.701] (--) CHROME(0): Timed   libc YUV420 copy... 4762460. Throughput: 124.3 MiB/s.     [   993.713] (--) CHROME(0): Timed kernel YUV420 copy... 4743212. Throughput: 124.8 MiB/s.     [   993.720] (--) CHROME(0): Timed    SSE YUV420 copy... 983023. Throughput: 602.0 MiB/s.     [   993.732] (--) CHROME(0): Timed    MMX YUV420 copy... 4608320. Throughput: 128.4 MiB/s.     [   993.732] (--) CHROME(0): Ditching 3DNow! YUV420 copy. Not supported by CPU.     [   993.739] (--) CHROME(0): Timed   MMX2 YUV420 copy... 1070837. Throughput: 552.7 MiB/s.     [   993.743] Freed 6590464 (pool 4)     [   993.743] (--) CHROME(0): Using SSE YUV42X copy for video.     [   993.743] (WW) CHROME(0): [XvMC] XvMC is not supported on this chipset.     [   993.743] (II) CHROME(0): - Done     [   993.743] (--) RandR disabled     [   993.821] (II) SELinux: Disabled on system     [   993.833] (II) AIGLX: Screen 0 is not DRI2 capable     [   993.833] (II) AIGLX: Screen 0 is not DRI capable     [   993.914] (II) AIGLX: Loaded and initialized swrast     [   993.914] (II) GLX: Initialized DRISWRAST GL provider for screen 0     [   994.506] (II) config/hal: Adding input device AT Translated Set 2 keyboard     [   994.506] (II) LoadModule: "evdev"     [   994.507] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/input/evdev_drv.so     [   994.508] (II) Module evdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [   994.508]    compiled for 1.13.0, module version = 2.7.3     [   994.508]    Module class: X.Org XInput Driver     [   994.508]    ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 18.0     [   994.508] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'AT Translated Set 2 keyboard'     [   994.508] (**) AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: always reports core events     [   994.508] (**) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Device: "/dev/input/event4"     [   994.509] (--) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Vendor 0x1 Product 0x1     [   994.509] (--) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Found keys     [   994.509] (II) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Configuring as keyboard     [   994.509] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/platform_i8042_i8042_KBD_port_logicaldev_input"     [   994.509] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "AT Translated Set 2 keyboard" (type: KEYBOARD, id 6)     [   994.509] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   994.509] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"     [   994.509] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "de"     [   994.509] (**) Option "xkb_variant" "nodeadkeys"     [   994.509] (**) Option "xkb_options" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"     [   995.067] (II) config/hal: Adding input device Sleep Button     [   995.067] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Sleep Button'     [   995.067] (**) Sleep Button: always reports core events     [   995.067] (**) evdev: Sleep Button: Device: "/dev/input/event1"     [   995.068] (--) evdev: Sleep Button: Vendor 0 Product 0x3     [   995.068] (--) evdev: Sleep Button: Found keys     [   995.068] (II) evdev: Sleep Button: Configuring as keyboard     [   995.068] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer_logicaldev_input_1"     [   995.068] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Sleep Button" (type: KEYBOARD, id 7)     [   995.068] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   995.068] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"     [   995.068] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "de"     [   995.068] (**) Option "xkb_variant" "nodeadkeys"     [   995.068] (**) Option "xkb_options" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"     [   995.110] (II) config/hal: Adding input device Power Button     [   995.110] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Power Button'     [   995.111] (**) Power Button: always reports core events     [   995.111] (**) evdev: Power Button: Device: "/dev/input/event0"     [   995.111] (--) evdev: Power Button: Vendor 0 Product 0x1     [   995.111] (--) evdev: Power Button: Found keys     [   995.111] (II) evdev: Power Button: Configuring as keyboard     [   995.111] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer_logicaldev_input_0"     [   995.111] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Power Button" (type: KEYBOARD, id 8)     [   995.111] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   995.111] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"     [   995.111] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "de"     [   995.111] (**) Option "xkb_variant" "nodeadkeys"     [   995.111] (**) Option "xkb_options" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"     [   995.153] (II) config/hal: Adding input device Power Button     [   995.153] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Power Button'     [   995.153] (**) Power Button: always reports core events     [   995.153] (**) evdev: Power Button: Device: "/dev/input/event2"     [   995.153] (--) evdev: Power Button: Vendor 0 Product 0x1     [   995.153] (--) evdev: Power Button: Found keys     [   995.154] (II) evdev: Power Button: Configuring as keyboard     [   995.154] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer_logicaldev_input"     [   995.154] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Power Button" (type: KEYBOARD, id 9)     [   995.154] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"     [   995.154] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"     [   995.154] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "de"     [   995.154] (**) Option "xkb_variant" "nodeadkeys"     [   995.154] (**) Option "xkb_options" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"     [   995.187] (II) config/hal: Adding input device ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse     [   995.187] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse'     [   995.187] (**) ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: always reports core events     [   995.187] (**) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Device: "/dev/input/event5"     [   995.188] (--) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Vendor 0x2 Product 0x5     [   995.188] (--) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Found 3 mouse buttons     [   995.188] (--) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Found scroll wheel(s)     [   995.188] (--) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Found relative axes     [   995.188] (--) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Found x and y relative axes     [   995.188] (II) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Configuring as mouse     [   995.188] (II) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: Adding scrollwheel support     [   995.188] (**) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: YAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5     [   995.188] (**) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: EmulateWheelButton: 4, EmulateWheelInertia: 10, EmulateWheelTimeout: 200     [   995.188] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/platform_i8042_i8042_AUX_port_logicaldev_input"     [   995.188] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse" (type: MOUSE, id 10)     [   995.189] (II) evdev: ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: initialized for relative axes.     [   995.189] (**) ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: (accel) keeping acceleration scheme 1     [   995.190] (**) ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: (accel) acceleration profile 0     [   995.190] (**) ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: (accel) acceleration factor: 2.000     [   995.190] (**) ImPS/2 Logitech Wheel Mouse: (accel) acceleration threshold: 4     [   995.220] (II) config/hal: Adding input device Macintosh mouse button emulation     [   995.220] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Macintosh mouse button emulation'     [   995.220] (**) Macintosh mouse button emulation: always reports core events     [   995.220] (**) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Device: "/dev/input/event3"     [   995.221] (--) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Vendor 0x1 Product 0x1     [   995.221] (--) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Found 3 mouse buttons     [   995.221] (--) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Found relative axes     [   995.221] (--) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Found x and y relative axes     [   995.221] (II) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: Configuring as mouse     [   995.221] (**) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: YAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5     [   995.221] (**) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: EmulateWheelButton: 4, EmulateWheelInertia: 10, EmulateWheelTimeout: 200     [   995.221] (**) Option "config_info" "hal:/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer_logicaldev_input_2"     [   995.221] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Macintosh mouse button emulation" (type: MOUSE, id 11)     [   995.221] (II) evdev: Macintosh mouse button emulation: initialized for relative axes.     [   995.222] (**) Macintosh mouse button emulation: (accel) keeping acceleration scheme 1     [   995.222] (**) Macintosh mouse button emulation: (accel) acceleration profile 0     [   995.222] (**) Macintosh mouse button emulation: (accel) acceleration factor: 2.000     [   995.222] (**) Macintosh mouse button emulation: (accel) acceleration threshold: 4     [   995.227] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 1 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2662 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.241] (II) CHROME(0): ViaDisplayDisableCRT     [   995.468] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2675 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.501] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 disconnected     [   995.524] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2678 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.526] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 disconnected     [   995.576] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2682 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.582] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 disconnected     [   995.640] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 2 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2662 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.989] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 3 connected from local host ( uid=0 gid=0 pid=2754 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   995.992] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:21 2014: 2665: client 3 disconnected     [   996.241] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 3 connected from local host ( uid=500 gid=500 pid=2758 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   996.248] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 3 disconnected     [   996.262] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 3 connected from local host ( uid=500 gid=500 pid=2759 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   996.265] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 3 disconnected     [   996.287] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 3 connected from local host ( uid=500 gid=500 pid=2761 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   996.329] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 4 connected from local host ( uid=500 gid=500 pid=2764 )       Auth name: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 ID: 243     [   996.367] AUDIT: Tue Jul  8 13:26:22 2014: 2665: client 5 connected from local      ...      complete log at pastebin What exactly is the problem with the existing drivers / CentOS 6.5 and how can I fix it?


TwinView: Switched placement (right/left)

I have a working twin view setup using nvidia graphics card and propriety drivers on Debian jessie.   * main monitor (DFP-0): Dell 2405FPW via DVI, placed to the right   * sencondary (DFP-1): Sharp TV screen via HDMI, placed to the left But in software, the position is switched and does not correspond to my hardware setup. How to change this _and make it permanent_ after restart? I can change it temporary using `gksu nvidia-settings`, but after restart, the ordering is reversed again. (note: I did run as root and save the resulting xorg.conf file directly from GUI, and also by copy pasting it into `sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf`, with no effect) my `xorg.conf` after reboot:               # nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings     # nvidia-settings:  version 319.72  (pbuilder@cake)  Sat Nov  9 14:29:01 UTC 2013          Section "ServerLayout"         Identifier     "Layout0"         Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0         InputDevice    "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"         InputDevice    "Mouse0" "CorePointer"         Option         "Xinerama" "0"     EndSection          Section "Files"     EndSection          Section "InputDevice"         # generated from default         Identifier     "Mouse0"         Driver         "mouse"         Option         "Protocol" "auto"         Option         "Device" "/dev/psaux"         Option         "Emulate3Buttons" "no"         Option         "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"     EndSection          Section "InputDevice"         # generated from default         Identifier     "Keyboard0"         Driver         "kbd"     EndSection          Section "Monitor"         # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid         Identifier     "Monitor0"         VendorName     "Unknown"         ModelName      "DELL 2405FPW"         HorizSync       30.0 - 81.0         VertRefresh     56.0 - 76.0         Option         "DPMS"     EndSection          Section "Device"         Identifier     "Device0"         Driver         "nvidia"         VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"         BoardName      "GeForce GTX 460"     EndSection          Section "Screen"         Identifier     "Screen0"         Device         "Device0"         Monitor        "Monitor0"         DefaultDepth    24         Option         "Stereo" "0"         Option         "nvidiaXineramaInfoOrder" "DFP-0"         Option         "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +1920+0, DFP-1: nvidia-auto-select +0+0"         SubSection     "Display"             Depth       24         EndSubSection     EndSection      As far as i understand this should result in the correct setup. I did try different settings, like:   * `Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: 1920x1200_60 +1920+0, DFP-1: 1920x1080_50 +0+0"`   * `Option "metamodes" "DFP-1: nvidia-auto-select +1920+0, DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0"`   * `Option "metamodes" "DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0, DFP-1: nvidia-auto-select +1920+0"`   * `Option "metamodes" "DFP-1: nvidia-auto-select +1920+0, DFP-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0"` but they all resulted in exaclty the same situation after restart, so I suppose I'm missing something else, and I don't think this is an error in xorg.conf? Any advice?


OpenSUSE can only boot into Failsafe mode

I installed the latest version of OpenSUSE and tried to install the driver for my touchpad. It would not install, so I installed it in this way:               zypper install ./filename_.rpm      After that my OpenSUSE will not load. When I boot and choose OpenSUSE in the Grub menu, I only see the OpenSUSE logo (about 4sec) and then only a black screen.. Failsafe mode is working. Is it possible that teh system isn't working due to the driver I installed? If yes, is there a way to "delete" the driver, which I installed or maybe remove it from startup?


Launchpad equivalent for Debian

I am thinking of switching to Debian (Squeeze) from Ubuntu (10.10). But these questions have been bugging me:   1. Is there a Launchpad equivalent repository for Debian? I am not able compile packages every time by myself without a comprehensive guide. So, I need a fairly large repository like Launchpad to keep my favorite apps up-to-date.   2. What about the kernel? Do I have to update it myself or Squeeze is gonna take care it for me (fairly recent updates)? I am asking this for I have read that stable releases of Debian rarely update their packages. P.S: My main reason for using Ubuntu so far is that it has vast repositories, as compiling apps from tar-balls is cumbersome for me.


Using a named pipe as ffmpeg/avconv's input for streaming

So I'm in a situation in which I want to feed a .wav (or other kind of sound) file to a named pipe/FIFO, and use the pipe as ffmpeg's input source (with a ffserver feed as an output). This is as far as I've gotten (ffserver is already running, and I think is unrelated to my issue):               $ mkfifo audio.wav          $ mplayer -ao pcm:file=audio.wav soundfile.wav &     [2] 30864     Symbol `ff_codec_bmp_tags' has different size in shared object, consider re-linking     MPlayer 1.0rc4-4.5.2 (C) 2000-2010 MPlayer Team          [2]+  Stopped                 mplayer -ao pcm:file=audio.wav soundfile.wav          $ avconv -f wav -i audio.wav http://127.0.0.1:8090/feed1.ffm     avconv version 0.8, Copyright (c) 2000-2011 the Libav developers       built on Mar 16 2012 15:30:40 with gcc 4.5.2          (Hangs here, won't output anything else)      However, ffmpeg ends up stuck right there, with the process seemingly hanging, and it doesn't seem like ffmpeg is doing anything, and the end feed seems to be inactive. The warning up there relating to ff_codec_bmp_tags seems unrelated as well. I've read a few forum threads in which people seem to have success with something very close to this, but I suppose there's something I'm doing wrong. If anyone could help me as to why this is happening, I'd really appreciate it. Is there some flag I should be using to indicate it's a FIFO I'm using a source? Thanks in advance.


Dragging and resizing floating windows in xmonad without the  modkey

In my `.xmonad/xmonad.hs` file, I have the following lines, which control howto drag and resize windows. How can I change this, such that I don't need any mod key?               myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $              -- mod-button1, Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging         [ ((modm,button1), (\w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w                                            >> windows W.shiftMaster))              -- mod-button2, Raise the window to the top of the stack         , ((modm,button2), (\w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster))              -- mod-button3, Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging         , ((modm,button3), (\w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w                                            >> windows W.shiftMaster))              -- you may also bind events to the mouse scroll wheel (button4 and button5)         ]


Have tmux wait until I SSH in, to complete rest of Tmuxinator script

After recently discovering tmux and Tmuxinator, I've been trying to set up a development environment to use. Per protocol, we aren't allowed to store passwords/passphrases in scripts. So what I'm looking for is a wait for tmux to wait for the SSH tunnel to get set up (password supplied, enter pressed, and logged in). I know that there's a "wait-for" command in tmux 1.8+. I'm running 1.9a via Cygwin. But even though I've read over the documentation, I'm just having a difficult time understanding it.               tmux new-session -s development -n editor -d     tmux split-window -v     tmux split-window -v          "Need to send to all panes.     tmux send-keys -t development 'ssh user@example.com' C-m      So, here's a very simple version of what I have. Thoughts? I know I can synchronize-sessions, I'm still working out the kinks in this. **Edit** : Looking into commands, and pulling variables from the pane to the command from synchronized-panes. This might be a "better" way to go about, until I can figure out how to get TMUX to prompt me for user-input. Might issue a feature request.


Dual booting Scientific Linux 6 and 64 bit Windows 7

For a school project we need to run Scientific Linux as well. So I tried installing it. I had Windows 7 running on on drive C (NTFS). Drives D and E(500 GB each; NTFS format) were empty. I ran the Scientific Linux 6.0 Live cd and booted from it. I deleted drive E during installation process and reformatted it. This is what my partitions now look like in gparted: ![screen photo](http://i.stack.imgur.com/xIgRB.jpg) After successfully installing SL6, my pc directly boots into SL! How do I get a boot menu where I chose the OS each time I boot. Iam very new to linux systems and have no clue about stuff like GRUB. Please help me out!


How to use rsync with GNU parallel?

I am using scp to copy the files in parallel using GNU parallel with my below shell script and it is working fine. I am not sure how can I use `rsync` in place of `scp` in my below shell script. I am trying to see whether `rsync` will have better performance as compared to `scp` or not in terms of transfer speed. Below is my problem description - I am copying the files from `machineB` and `machineC` into `machineA` as I am running my below shell script on `machineA`. If the files is not there in `machineB` then it should be there in `machineC` for sure so I will try copying the files from `machineB` first, if it is not there in `machineB` then I will try copying the same files from `machineC`. I am copying the files in parallel using GNU Parallel library and it is working fine. Currently I am copying five files in parallel both for PRIMARY and SECONDARY. Below is my shell script which I have -               #!/bin/bash          export PRIMARY=/test01/primary     export SECONDARY=/test02/secondary     readonly FILERS_LOCATION=(machineB machineC)     export FILERS_LOCATION_1=${FILERS_LOCATION[0]}     export FILERS_LOCATION_2=${FILERS_LOCATION[1]}     PRIMARY_PARTITION=(550 274 2 546 278) # this will have more file numbers     SECONDARY_PARTITION=(1643 1103 1372 1096 1369 1568) # this will have more file numbers          export dir3=/testing/snapshot/20140103          do_Copy() {       el=$1       PRIMSEC=$2       scp david@$FILERS_LOCATION_1:$dir3/new_weekly_2014_"$el"_200003_5.data $PRIMSEC/. || scp david@$FILERS_LOCATION_2:$dir3/new_weekly_2014_"$el"_200003_5.data $PRIMSEC/.     }     export -f do_Copy          parallel --retries 10 -j 5 do_Copy {} $PRIMARY ::: "${PRIMARY_PARTITION[@]}" &     parallel --retries 10 -j 5 do_Copy {} $SECONDARY ::: "${SECONDARY_PARTITION[@]}" &     wait          echo "All files copied."      Is there any way of replacing my above `scp` command with `rsync` but I still want to copy 5 files in parallel both for `PRIMARY` and `SECONDARY` simultaneously? This is what I have tried so far. After reading some of the tutorials for `rsync` \-               for n in "${PRIMARY_PARTITION[@]}"     do         primary_files="$primary_files :$dir3"/new_weekly_2014_"$n"_200003_5.data     done          for n in "${SECONDARY_PARTITION[@]}"     do         secondary_files="$secondary_files :$dir3"/new_weekly_2014_"$n"_200003_5.data     done          rsync -avz david@$FILERS_LOCATION_1"${primary_files}" $PRIMARY/ 2>/dev/null     rsync -avz david@$FILERS_LOCATION_2"${primary_files}" $PRIMARY/ 2>/dev/null          rsync -avz david@$FILERS_LOCATION_1"${secondary_files}" $SECONDARY/ 2>/dev/null     rsync -avz david@$FILERS_LOCATION_2"${secondary_files}" $SECONDARY/ 2>/dev/null       But not sure how do I fit this in my above GNU Parallel shell script so that I can copy five files in parallel both for `PRIMARY` and `SECONDARY` simultaneously?


comparing user given time for log file time

Apologies straight away for bad-styled-question-and-heading.....learning unix and its command these days, m trying to figure out a solution for below scenario : Lets say i have a log file which looks like :                01-02-1988     12:00:00    I start       01-02-1988     12:00:01    I start      01-02-1988     12:00:02    I start       01-02-1988     12:00:03    I start      01-02-1988     12:00:04    I start       01-02-1988     12:00:05    I start      01-02-1988     12:00:06    I start       01-02-1988     12:00:07    I start      01-02-1988     12:00:08    I start       01-02-1988     12:00:09    I start      01-02-1988     01:00:10    I start      and i take a time bracket from user for which he wants to see the status.To filter out all the process, i can do :               egrep $usr_time log.txt      But is there any way i can do the same for a particular time period, like `awk`, can match the value for me for `$2` here...but how to compare it for seconds(ss in hh:mm:ss)??? Like for example : assume i want records from `12:00:01 - 12:00:06`, so basically what i would need is to extract 3rd value from `:` delimiter and compare it....how can this be achieved....please help!!!!


OpenBSD with adsuck: nslookup works, other applications not

(The problem that nslookup works but other applications can't resolve name is asked very often, mainly for windows. I read a lot of these answers but none of them was applicable.) I use OpenBSD with the adsuck deamon. I start adsuck with               cp /etc/resolv.conf /var/adsuck/files     echo "nameserver 127.0.0.1" > /etc/resolv.conf     /etc/rc.d/adsuck start      The deamon is running with two process from user _adsuck:               /usr/local/sbin/adsuck -c /var/adsuck -f /files/resolv.conf -r /files/regex /files/hosts.small     adsuck: [resolv monitor] (adsuck)      I can resolve names with nslookup or dig, but ping or browser does not work. What can be the problem? (I tried addresses which should not be blocked by adsuck like www.google.com) Edited: I should have looked in /var/log/daemon earlier, adsuck had complained about the line               ::1 localhost #[IPv6]      in /var/adsuck/files/hosts.small, now adsuck seems to work fine. But I still do not understand why nslookup had worked when DNS for other applications did not.


Implementation Logic

I have two files,which is something like this: file1               msgid "New"     msgstr ""     dsvhuvchvdhcvhc     msgid "Old"     msgstr "hsvhs"     kdnvcjdbvj     msgid "Bold"     msgstr ""      file2               dcbjdsbc     msgid "New"     msgstr "Alas"     msgid "Old"     msgstr "hsvhs"     dcjdbcjdbc     msgid "Bold"     msgstr "Next"      After processing , i want my file1 as:               msgid "New"     msgstr "Alas"     dsvhuvchvdhcvhc     msgid "Old"     msgstr "hsvhs"     kdnvcjdbvj     msgid "Bold"     msgstr "Next"      Implementation steps:               ***Search msgstr "" pattern in file1        take its previous line, find this line in file2      if found then replace the next line of file1 with next line of file2***      Please provide me the implementation details: How do i implement script for following logic. I have written a shell script with O(n^2) ,where my n is no of lines,which is around 50k,so,its making whole thing very slow. Please provide optimized solution for this.


Mount an SD card over USB?

I'm currently using: > insmod g_file_storage.ko file=/dev/mmcblk0p1 stall=0 removable=1 This works as I can see the device in Windows. However when it comes to changing a file, the changes are not reflected on the Linux device. If I were to add a new file, this change is reflected. Same thing goes for renaming and removing. I've been reading around that g_file_storage mounts a block rather than a filesystem. Is there any way to either: 1) Update the block when a file is changed so the Linux device sees the change   2) Use some other method to mount a filesystem over USB (can't use g_ether/g_serial) This is for a GP2X Caanoo device.


AIX auditing for LDAP users

I've discovered a problem with the way AIX uses `auditclasses` to determine which system calls are audited. If a user is defined in LDAP, their `auditclasses` attribute is blank. I found an APAR which states, prior to AIX 5.3, the default user stanza in `/etc/security/audit/config` was applied to users without an `auditclasses` attribute. However, this no longer seems to be the case in AIX 5.3 or higher. I know there's a RFC2307AIX schema, which defines this LDAP attribute. However, I'd like to set a local default `auditclasses` and not have to convince the Active Directory admins to apply a schema extension. Besides, I cannot find a schema extension for eDirectory, which is also used. Has anyone else seen this problem?


Korn Shell: Show elapsed time in a specific format

In a log file, I need to print the Elapsed time, in the following format:               "Process completed %s - Elapsed %s",     <time now in HH:MM:SS format>,     <difference from start date to end date in HH:MM:SS format>      Example:               Process completed 23:57:59 - Elapsed 103:22:59      How could I achieve this?


Is it possible to add granular permissions on a folder without installing acl?

I have a folder `public_html` with several subfolders on Ubuntu 12.04 server. Is it possible to add different permissions on individual subfolders for two new individual users without changing the group ownership of the folders or interfering with apache permissions? If so, how? I would like to add two new users but restrict their write permissions to specific subfolders Each user would have access to different folders e.g. `user1` should be able to write to `public-html/folder1` and `user2` should be able to write to:               public_html/folder2 and      public_html/folder3      If this can be done in ftp permissions separately (proftpd) that would also be an option. ls -al in the home folder of the user which owns `public_html` gives me :               drwxrwxr-x 27 user1 user1 4096 Feb 12 16:54 public_html      all subfolders i'm interested in changing the permissions for have the permissions:               drwxrwsr-x  2 user1 user1  4096 Nov 22 12:52 views      usernames have been changed to protect the innocent. This server was not set up by myself and I have a feeling permissions are far too permissive.


Swap on video ram in a VM

I have a very small VM running in a cloud with only 512 MB ram. I read, it is possible to use the video card as swap as descriped here: > Graphics cards contain a lot of very fast RAM, typically between 64 and 512 > MB. With Linux, it's possible to use it as swap space, or even as RAM disk. Is it possible to use the virtual video card inside a VM also? So I could use more ram than I actually have to pay for? `lspci -v` output for the virtual video card:               00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])         Subsystem: VMware SVGA II Adapter         Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-         Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-         Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes         Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16         Region 0: I/O ports at 1070 [size=16]         Region 1: Memory at ec000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=64M]         Region 2: Memory at fe000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8M]         [virtual] Expansion ROM at 20000000 [disabled] [size=32K]         Capabilities: [40] Vendor Specific Information: Len=00 <?>         Kernel driver in use: vmwgfx


How can I add an external CD/DVD writer ?

I want to add an external CD/DVD writer to my Ubuntu 14.04 system (System 76 Ratel): the writers in my local electronics store have USB interfaces, and the drives are advertised as windows and mac compatible. So far I have not found a site listing ubuntu compatible external optical read-write drives, and I cannot return the drives after I open them and plug them in. Has anyone - used an external CD/DVD R/W usb drive with Ubuntu 14.04? Are there compatibility issues with this kind of hardware? What makes/models are known to be compatible?


Recover GUI window after minimizing in ratpoison

I'm running `ratpoison`. I was running `emacs` started through a keybinding (hence no xterm). Then I hit Ctrl-Z by mistake and emacs disappeared (emacs `iconify-or-deiconify-frame`). I know it is still there, as when I leave ratpoison and go to mwm emacs comes back to the foreground. However, starting an xterm and running `%emacs` bash tells me `bash: fg: %emacs: no such job`. How can I de-iconify emacs in ratpoison?   1. similar problem within Gnome   2. bugreport _(this post was heavily edited)_


Error installing protocol buffer on Solaris 8

Tried to run `make` for protobuf 2.5.0 on Solaris 8 which I download from this source. First, there were issues regarding a missing `stdint.h` which has been solved here. But it still fails to run the make with different error. So I did more googling which lead me to here. Where it shows that some files need to be change. After I follow the changes, I still got error complaining about atomic undeclared. The complete error can be seen here. I know this is not the right place to ask, but I have no access to post a new issue inside the google group protobuf. Just hoping if there is anyone that have experience installing protobuf on solaris 8, please share your workaround on how to solve the issues. This is the platform that I'm trying to install:               SunOS ms-sparc8 5.8 Generic_108528-13 sun4u sparc SUNW,Sun-Blade-100


Dell Laptop is overheating and shutting down

I recently updated from Linux Mint 16 to Linux Mint 17 on my Dell Inspiron 5420 with NVIDIA graphics card. After upgrading, the laptop is overheating seriously with temperature going above 90. Previously, I had bumblebee installed on Linux Mint 16 and the temperature was fine. I have installed Bumblebee but the problem is not solved. Here are the fixes I have tried and it hasn't helped me:               Installed Bumblee     Installed Thermald     Installed tlp      I have also installed i8kutils and checked the fans. Here's the output:               >> i8kctl fan     -1 2      It seems the left fan is not working. I tried to change the fan speed but it remains constant:               >> i8kctl fan 1 1     -1 2      Edit: I have found that my fan is not running. Can this be an issue with driver rather than the hardware?


Hardcoded /usr/bin/env in configure scripts

I'm building a Linux system that doesn't have a /usr directory. Getting the toolchain to work was surprisingly easy, but I'm hitting this irritation with a lot of auto* scripts: configure, etc. often seem to assume `env` is in `/usr/bin`. A workaround is to do `ln -sv .. /usr` during the build, but obviously that's aesthetically unappealing and runs the risk of a path with `/usr` in it leaking into the final system. (There will be a network mounted `/usr` in production, and I don't want the base system to even know it exists.) Did I install my autotools wrong, or is this just an irritating assumption configure often makes? Am I breaking FHS by not putting `env` in `/usr/bin`? (That's not a deal breaker for me; I'm already breaking it by having `/inc` and `/share`.)


Where are information stored information about hard/soft links

Where does the *nix system store information about number of hard links to a specific inode? I can't find any information about that. Everywhere what a hard link is but rarely a bit more advanced information that touches inodes related stuff. An inode stores information about number of links but where does it get it from? Can I locate all the links (both hard and soft) by knowing only the inode number?


Why does aptitude refrain from upgrading [UNAVAILABLE] packages?

Why does aptitude refrain from upgrading in the example below? Is it solely because existing package metadata is not in cache anymore? If package is marked as `[UNAVAILABLE]`, does it mean the only sensible action is to keep it?               system-config-printer-common will not be upgraded to version     1.4.2+20130920-0ubuntu1.2, to avoid breaking the following dependencies:            * system-config-printer-common replaces system-config-printer [UNAVAILABLE]       * system-config-printer-common replaces system-config-printer-gnome (<         1.3.11+20120807-0ubuntu7) [UNAVAILABLE]


How do I combine two logical volumes that reside on a single physical volume in LVM?

I have two logical volumes, one is mounted as /, the other is mounted as /home. I want to combine them, because the `/` volume is constantly running out of space. (Yes, I know what's using all that space; no, I can't remove it.) I'm willing to take the machine down for a day or two to do it. OS: `Linux xxxxx 2.6.32-279.22.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Feb 6 03:10:46 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux` (CentOS)


access a command line via a web browser

2 questions: Question 1   My job blocks ssh which means that I cannot ssh to my home server. However, they do allow https out. Is there a package out there for ubuntu that will allow me to connect to the command line via https? I already have apache installed and can install additional software if needed. Question 2   We use Samba at home on our ubuntu server (same server as in question 1). How do I configure it so that a) password change on a regular interval and b) when its time to change the password, windows (7 in this case) will display a pop- up window asking the user to change the password. Note: to connect to the server, I created a batch file which uses "net use" commands.       thanks,   frank


How to place an application on the second monitor with awesome-wm?

I recently got a second monitor at work and want to configure all with my window-manager: awesome. I run into a problem to put some applications on a tag on a screen. For example I have a rule for urxvt, to put it into tag one on the first screen:                             { rule = { class = "URxvt" },                                          properties = { tag = tags[1][1] }                   }      That works fine, as long my mouse-cursor is on the first monitor. If I move my cursor on the second screen and start an instance of urxvt, it will be placed into the actual tag on the second monitor. Same, if I configure the app for an tag on the second screen, when it don't work if my mouse-cursor is on the first screen. How can I fix this?


Include colouring in GNU ls time-style

I know, I can specify custom time format for `ls` like this               ls -lAF --time-style="+ %Y-%b-%d  %H:%M:%S" --color=always      but I would like to "smuggle in" colors inside the time format. For example, I would like to have the year `2014` in red color. How would I do that? I have tried putting the color code `\033[0;31m` in front of the `%Y`, but the code does not get interpreted as color but as gibberish.


telnet implementation using C

The program in general is I want to implement telnet program. On the client side user send its logging name and password, and if it is correct he starts to send commands to the server On the Server side I am check on the user authentication on the system and if it is true I must run his default shell which is stored in the `passwd` file, to execute his commands. The problem that when I tried to run his shell using the `system` C function the shell is run and then closed, because the `system()` use `fork()` and `exec()`, and after it finished the opened shell for the user is closed. How can I run a new shell in my process and keep it running for the following command execution?


vsftpd full anonymous access

I'm runnning vsftpd on Raspberry Pi, Debian 7.0. I want to use it to do backups in my Home-LAN only, so security is not an issue (behind NAT/Firewall, only trusted users). I would like full access as anonymous user to a given path `/mnt/hd1` which has owner root and full rights 777. My conf is currently               # cat /etc/vsftpd.conf     listen=YES     anonymous_enable=YES     write_enable=YES     anon_upload_enable=YES     anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES     anon_root=/mnt/hd1      With this I get the client error               500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot()      I tried adding               allow_writeable_chroot=YES      but then my vsftps doesn't start anymore. How should I configure vsftpd to have full access to a given directory as an anonymous user?


Listing directories based on size from largest to smallest on single line

I can use the following command to get a list of directories and their sizes and sort them from largest to smallest (in the example I renamed the directories to numbers to make this easier to understand).               $: du -sk [a-z]* 2>/dev/null | sort -nr     413096  one     106572  two     97452   three     76428   four     55052   five     45068   six     33680   seven     23220   eight     17716   nine      I'm writing a program that requires input of these directories from largest to smallest, but for matters of convenience it needs them all on one line. Is there a command that will allow me to sort the directories from largest to smallest on one line without the size? I would like the output to be like this:               one two three four five six seven eight nine


Auto-switching PulseAudio profiles based on input(s) channel count

I'm running audio over HDMI to my receiver, which has a full 7.1 setup connected to it. However, most of the stuff that I listen to has far fewer channels—some is mono, most is stereo, a bit is 5.1. When the receiver is fed with the right number of channels, it has various DSP effects which work fairly well (e.g. in splitting out a center channel, in sending base to the subwoofer, auto-detecting Dolby matrix surround, etc.). This ceases working if you send it a full 7.1 signal with a bunch of silent channels. The number of output channels in PulseAudio is configured, per-card/sink, by the profile assigned to the card. You can change the assigned profile with `pacmd`, `pactl`, and various GUI programs. **How can I set it up to automatically change the profile based on the channel usage in the input stream(s)?** E.g., if the input streams are only using front-left and front-right, switch to the stereo profile. If they're using back-left and back-right as well, switch to quadrophonic, etc.


Why can't I enable Transmission on FreeNAS 9.2? I keep getting an error

I have installed the plugin correctly, but every time I try and start it either using service transmission start, or trying to flip the on switch from the plugins page, I get this error:             ![ss](http://i.stack.imgur.com/NRXuE.png) I also have tried creating a new standard jail and using portsnap to get transmission, but same error.


Networking with Linux and Windows 7 using Samba

I've installed Samba on my Arch Linux, and I wanted to share files with Windows 7 on other PC via local network. I want it to work both ways, i.e. Windows can read and write freely without any authentication into designated public share on Linux machine, and Linux can do the same thing with Windows machine. I have configured Samba and created appropriate share, but it's not working, i.e. neither PC can see the other. Windows is in MSHOME workgroup, and Linux is in LINUX workgroup. I made smb.conf from smb.conf.default, the only changes were setting computer name and workgroup, and adding the following at the end:               [publiczny]         path = /media/public         public = yes         read only = no      The only configuration I did on Windows was adding registry entries to HKLM/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/services/LanmanWorkstation/Parameters: DNSNameResolutionRequired set to 0 and DomainCompatibilityMode set to 1, as was said to do on Samba Wiki. What should I do to make things work?


What can I (not) shred from root while it is mounted?

I am performing a test migration from old server to new one. Part of the procedure involves cleaning up the old server of any traces of passwords, php scripts and custom configurations while remotely connected. While connected on ssh, I managed to rename `/etc`, `/var`, `/root` without the system making much of a complaint. Does it mean I am able to `shred` these directories without dismounting the `root` file system?


How to set Bluetooth transmit power?

I am trying to set the (inquiry) transmit power of Bluetooth dongles with both Broadcom and CSR chipsets using `hciconfig`, e.g.:               hciconfig hci0 inqtpl 3      But whatever valid parameter I pass, reading the value afterwards always yields 0, like so:               hci0:   Type: BR/EDR  Bus: USB             BD Address: 00:02:72:D6:6B:25  ACL MTU: 1021:8  SCO MTU: 64:1             Inquiry transmit power level: 0      When I pass invalid values, I get an error message:               Can't set inquiry transmit power level on hci0: Input/output error (5)      So obviously the parameter is checked for validity. I am pretty sure it's checked by the chipsets, as I get the same results when sending the appropriate HCI commands manually. Both chipsets also state they support this feature:               # hciconfig hci0 features     hci0:   Type: BR/EDR  Bus: USB             BD Address: 00:02:72:D6:6B:25  ACL MTU: 1021:8  SCO MTU: 64:1             Features page 0: 0xbf 0xfe 0xcf 0xfe 0xdb 0xff 0x7b 0x87                     [...]                     <err. data report> <non-flush flag> <LSTO> <inquiry TX power>                     [...]      Am I getting something wrong, or is it just by occasion that both chipsets I'm using do not support this feature?


Is there a way to put comments in an rsync --files-from file?

I have a file that rsync uses as --files-from:               dir1     dir2     dir3      I want to be able to put comments above each dir entry like that:               # my dir1 comment     dir1          #dir2 comment     dir2          #yet another comment     dir3      but rsync complains "No such file or directory" So far I have tried #,//,--,,SPACE Is there a way to comment out/disable entries?


How to cause kernel panic with a single command?

Is it possible to cause a kernel panic with a single command line? What would be the most straightforward such command for a sudoing user and what would it be for a regular user, if any? Scenarios that suggest downloading something as a part of the command do not count.


Definition of sane

Does `sane` have a technical definition in a unix / linux context? I mean in situations such as this:               checking whether build environment is sane... yes


I need to zip all the folders available in a path

I have a scenario where I need to zip all the folders. Please suggest me few. I tried using:               tar -zcv      and `gzip -r` folder name. But it did not work.


What are PCI devices?

In Linux, the `lspci` command lists all the devices in my laptop (including AGP, USB, SATA, SCSI, bridges, ethernet, etc.). The `man lspci` command gives me this information: > `lspci` \- list all PCI devices What are PCI devices? Does this relate to PCI bus (or PCI slot)?


What are the dangers with using "--assume-yes" with apt-get?

While making some improvements to my `.bashrc` file, I noticed a frequently used alias:               alias install='sudo apt-get -y install'      I wasn't familiar with the `-y` (aka `--assume-yes` or `--yes`) option with `apt-get`, which I learned automatically says "Yes" to any prompt that comes up with `apt-get`. This sounds handy. What's the catch?


wvdial connection always shows status disconnected

I use wvdial to connect my usb modem. However, the system always shows "disconnected" as the status. As a result, I cannot use applications which are connectivity-aware. How do I go about correcting this?


Fedora 18 Live CD is hanging on boot

When I boot up Fedora 18 (`Fedora-18-x86_64-Live-Desktop.iso`) in a Virtual Machine, I just get this screen: ![Fedora](http://i.imgur.com/QoW0lJJ.jpg) I've verified the SHA sum, and I've tried starting it up in "basic graphics mode", yet I still get the same problem. That's all I get, there is nothing else. What is wrong?


Meaning of root:wheel

What does root:wheel mean in the following? > chown root:wheel myfile


Why can't boot this process at launch?

I have two scripts `/etc/init.d/puma_a.sh` and `/etc/init.d/puma_b.sh` with identical configs. I try to set both boot like this, but one of them doesn't load on boot. If I manually launch it from console it works. Any idea?               root@site:~# update-rc.d puma_a.sh defaults 98      Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/puma_a.sh ...        /etc/rc0.d/K98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc1.d/K98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc6.d/K98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc2.d/S98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc3.d/S98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc4.d/S98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh        /etc/rc5.d/S98puma_a.sh -> ../init.d/puma_a.sh         `/etc/init.d/puma_a.sh`:               #! /bin/sh               ### BEGIN INIT INFO     # Provides:   pumacontrol     # Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog     # Required-Stop:  $remote_fs $syslog     # Default-Start:  2 3 4 5     # Default-Stop:   0 1 6     # Short-Description: Puma web server      ### END INIT INFO          # Simple move this file into /etc/init.d/pumacontrol.sh     # Also make sure you `chmod +x pumacontrol.sh`.          # If you need to start puma at boot time run this in debian/ubuntu: update-rc.d pumacontrol.sh defaults     # It will create some links to execute /etc/init.d/pumacontrol.sh start at the begining          # I use this in a system where the rails app is running by a normal user,  where puma is      # configured in PUMA_CONFIG_FILE. In PUMA_CONFIG_FILE is stated to create a pid file with the PID of      # puma in the PUMA_PID_FILE file. The socket where nginx is redirecting the web traffic and puma is      # listening is PUMA_SOCKET          # You need to specify a location for the PUMA_CONFIG_FILE               # /etc/init.d/puma_a.sh     PUMA_CONFIG_FILE=/var/www/site_a.com/current/config/puma.rb # WRITE HERE PUMA CONFIG FILE LOCATION     # strip out quotes, remove comments, initial spaces, and get only the filename     # if desired write here the path to the desired file for example:     # PUMA_PID_FILE=/path/foo.pid     PUMA_PID_FILE=/var/run/site_a.pid     PUMA_SOCKET=/var/run/site_a.sock     WORKING_DIR=/var/www/site_a.com/current     if [ $1 -a $2 ] ; then # If passed 2 params the second one should be the puma config file       PUMA_CONFIG_FILE=$2     fi     PUMA_CONFIGFILE_OWNER=`ls -l $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE |cut -d' ' -f3`          #------------------------ checkings -------------------------------------     if [ ! -r $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE ] ; then # if not readable       echo "File $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE not found or not readable"       echo "You should write in pumacontrol.sh the location of your config/puma.rb"       echo "or run this script like this 'pumacontrol.sh start /path/railsapp/config/puma.rb'"       exit 1     fi     if [ -z $PUMA_PID_FILE ] ; then # if empty string       echo "pidfile option in $PUMA_PID_FILE not found. You should write something like"       echo 'pidfile "/path/puma.pid"'       exit 1     fi     if [ -z $PUMA_SOCKET ] ; then # if empty string       echo "bind option in $PUMA_SOCKET not found. You should write something like"       echo 'bind "unix://path/railsAppName.sock"'       exit 1     fi     if [ -z $WORKING_DIR ] ; then # if empty string       echo "directory option in $WORKING_DIR not found. You should write something like"       echo "directory '/path/yourRailsAppRootDir/'"       exit 1     fi               #------------------------ functions -------------------------------------     # check if puma process is running     puma_is_running() {       if [ -S $PUMA_SOCKET ] ; then # if file exist and its a socket         if [ -r $PUMA_PID_FILE ] ; then # if file exist and readable           if cat $PUMA_PID_FILE | xargs pgrep -P > /dev/null ; then             return 0           else             echo "No puma process found"           fi         else           echo "No puma pid file found"         fi       else         echo "No puma socket found"       fi            return 1     }          #------------------------ script -------------------------------------     case "$1" in       start)         echo "Starting puma..."           if [ -e $PUMA_SOCKET  ] ; then # if socket exists             rm -f $PUMA_SOCKET             echo "removed $PUMA_SOCKET"           fi           # Exec puma as the owner, so we need to be either root or the real owner"*           if [ `whoami` = $PUMA_CONFIGFILE_OWNER ] # owner           then             /bin/bash --login -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)" 2>&1 >> /var/log/site_a.log           elif [ `whoami` = root ] # root           then             su -l $PUMA_CONFIGFILE_OWNER -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)"           else # error             echo "you should be root or the owner of the file to have the gemset ready to start the rails stack"           fi              echo "done"         ;;            stop)           if [ -e $PUMA_PID_FILE ] ; then # if pid file exists             echo "Stopping puma..."             /bin/bash --login -c " kill -s SIGTERM `cat $PUMA_PID_FILE` "             echo "Killed puma PID `cat $PUMA_PID_FILE`"             rm -f $PUMA_PID_FILE             echo "removed $PUMA_PID_FILE"           fi           if [ -e $PUMA_SOCKET ] ; then # if socket exists             rm -f $PUMA_SOCKET             echo "removed  $PUMA_SOCKET"           fi         echo "done"         ;;            restart)         if puma_is_running ; then           echo "Hot-restarting puma..."           if [ -e $PUMA_PID_FILE ] ; then             /bin/bash --login -c " kill -s SIGUSR2 `cat $PUMA_PID_FILE` "             echo "Killed puma PID `cat $PUMA_PID_FILE`"           fi           echo "Doublechecking the process restart..."           sleep 5           if puma_is_running ; then             echo "done"             exit 0           else             echo "Puma restart failed :/"             exit 1 # return error           fi         fi              echo "Trying cold reboot"         $0 start         ;;            status)         if puma_is_running ; then           echo "puma is running"           exit 0         else           echo "puma is not running"           exit 1 # return error         fi              ;;       *)         echo "Usage: script/puma.sh {start|stop|restart|status}" >&2         ;;     esac      and               ls -l /etc/init.d/puma     -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  4995 Sep 19 20:26 puma_a.sh     -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  4985 Sep 19 19:21 puma_b.sh      **Update:** By looking into the logs I can see puma is unable to launch. Its weird because when I do `/etc/init.d/puma_a.sh start` manually it works.               [1791] Puma starting in cluster mode...     [1791] * Version 2.5.1, codename: Astronaut Shoelaces     [1791] * Min threads: 8, max threads: 32     [1791] * Environment: production     [1791] * Process workers: 6     [1791] * Preloading application     [1791] ! Unable to load application      **Update 2** : Result of `diff puma_{a,b}.sh`               93c93     <         /bin/bash --login -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)" 2>&1 >> /var/log/site_a.log     ---     >         /bin/bash --login -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)" 2>&1 >> /var/log/site_b.log     96c96     <         su -l $PUMA_CONFIGFILE_OWNER -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)" 2>&1 >> /var/log/site_a.log     ---     >         su -l $PUMA_CONFIGFILE_OWNER -c "(cd $WORKING_DIR && bundle exec puma -C $PUMA_CONFIG_FILE)"


Rename files in the local folder adding a prefix or suffix

I have many files in a folder and I want to add either prefix or a suffix (not **both** ) to them. I checked here and found out I can use               for filename in *.jpg; do mv "$filename" "prefix_$filename"; done;      to add a prefix to all files ending in `.jpg` (and if I remove the `.jpg`, it will add the prefix to all the files in the current folder). However, I'd like to be able to   * Add a sufix (that is, rename `filename.ext` to `filename.whatever.ext`),   * Check if the prefix or suffix is already present and then skip,   * Create an alias that accepts arguments such as `addprefix whatever *.ext` or `addsufix whatever *.*`


FreeBSD telnet does not take root login

I have just installed FreeBSD 8.1 as a VMWare host and can establish ipv4 connectivity to the instance and `telnet` through the virtual console. I have also uncommented the `/etc/inetd.conf` lines               telnet  stream  tcp nowait  root    /usr/libexec/telnetd    telnetd     telnet  stream  tcp6    nowait  root    /usr/libexec/telnetd    telnetd      When I login without telnet via new virtual console terminals with `login: root` and `password` the default of empty, the login is accepted. However, when I login remotely via telnet, I am prompted exactly the same as before, except for an additional first line that reads `(freebsd.westell.com) (pts/0)`. I use the same login of `root` as before but get `login incorrect` message. What is missing here to successfully login to a telnet session? For example, `root` is the only user currently, am I missing `adduser`? * * * Alternatively, if someone can show how to configure SSH and login remotely on FreeBSD 8.1, in `<` 5 easy steps which spell out exactly which configuration files and lines need to be edited, I'll take that. I haven't found this in their documentation.


keeping keys on an auxiliary removable drive

It seems that servers are only as secure as the machine that holds the keys and that in turn means the desktop/screensaver password is the line of defence for not only the desktop itself but any remote servers normally accessed. Is there a way to run a normal disk-based system but always have `ssh`, `scp`, `secure vnc`, and `secure rsync` rely on keys from a removable drive system such as a USB flash drive? This way, even if the desktop security is broken (example: stolen desktop or laptop with no password) the servers are safe as long as the USB flash drive is not present.


Ubuntu 12.04 Gnome 3 "freezes" randomly - not a normal freeze though

Since upgrading to 12.04, I've randomly experienced this strange phenomenon where my mouse mostly doesn't work and keyboard mostly does. I have not been able to identify a cause for this. Sometimes it will happen minutes after I start-up, other times after the computer has been idle for a while, and other times in the middle of working on something. It lasts until I reboot the computer or restart Gnome. The mouse won't be able to interact with any open windows, but if I do ALT+Tab, I can't keyboard nav through those, I can only click to change windows that way. Same if I press the Windows key; the keyboard remains focused in whatever window was just active but I can click things with my mouse to open new programs. Anyone else experienced this? What might be causing it? Is there a fix?


mount.cifs not respecting file permissions in Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS

I am attempting to mount a cifs drive in standard Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS using the following line in /etc/fstab:               //server-name/share-name  /mnt/archive  cifs  uid=1002,file_mode=0440,credentials=/etc/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlmi  0  0      This mount will be used to store backups, so I would like to mount it with permissions to create files, but not delete them. Everything seems to be working as it should, except I can go in and delete away with nothing but a warning.               myuser@localhost:/mnt/archive$ ls -l     -r--r----- 0 myuser root     51 Sep 19 17:56 deleteThis.txt     -r--r----- 0 myuser root     51 Sep 19 17:31 deleteThis.txt.bak          myuser@localhost:/mnt/archive$ rm deleteThis.txt.bak     rm: remove write-protected regular file `deleteThis.txt.bak'? y          myuser@localhost:/mnt/archive$ ls -l     -r--r----- 0 myuser root     51 Sep 19 17:56 deleteThis.txt      Why are my file privileges not being respected? Is this an Ubuntu thing? Is there a way to mount the network share through cifs without exposing the files to deletion?


Disk problems prevent me from booting, or set the disk to read-only. How do I fix the disk?

**Problem:** Since about one week ago, my Ubuntu system encounters various severe and strange problems. Sometimes the whole system suddenly freezes. I have to push the power button to shut down the machine by brute force. Sometimes, all files suddenly become read-only. I have to reboot the machine, and then it seems normal, but might have the above problems later. When I am trying to shut down Ubuntu, sometimes a black screen shows message about disk error. * * * **Attempts to Fix:** I think my WD 1T hard drive has some errors that needed to be fixed. So I run the following commands in Ubuntu installation disc or Ubuntu in another hard drive, after unload the hard drive in problem. However, I cannot fix the problem. In particular, when I try to run `sudo e2fsck -b 8193 /dev/sda1`, there is error message saying "invalid argument". The details are as follows, 1) first of all, `fdisk -l` shows the following message (copy only the part relevant to `/dev/sda1` I am trying to fix):               WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.          Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes     255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors     Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes     Disk identifier: 0x00000000     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System     /dev/sda1              1    1953525167   976762583+  ee  GPT     Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.      2) run `sudo fsck.ext4 -ck /dev/sda1`, trying to fix the hard drive               e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)     ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block     fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...     fsck.ext4: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda1     The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2     filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2     filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock     is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:     e2fsck -b 8193       3) `sudo e2fsck -b 8193 /dev/sda1`, trying to recover super block from block 8193               e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012) e2fsck: Invalid argument while trying to     open /dev/sda1          The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2     filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2     filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the     superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an     alternate superblock:         e2fsck -b 8193       4) `sudo mke2fs -n /dev/sda1`, to locate other backup blocks               mke2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)     Filesystem label=     OS type: Linux     Block size=1024 (log=0)     Fragment size=1024 (log=0)     Stride=4 blocks, Stripe width=4 blocks     48768 inodes, 194560 blocks     9728 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user     First data block=1     Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008     24 block groups     8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group     2032 inodes per group     Superblock backups stored on blocks:          8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729      5) redo step 3 for all other superblock backups returned in 4. The same error is shown as step 3. PS: according to comments, I paste the output of `gdisk` and `parted` as follows:               sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda                    GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.5          Partition table scan:       MBR: protective       BSD: not present       APM: not present       GPT: present          Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.     Disk /dev/sda: 1953525168 sectors, 931.5 GiB     Logical sector size: 512 bytes     Disk identifier (GUID): 6166B96C-AD2A-4EF1-8967-1ACFA23FE2E4     Partition table holds up to 128 entries     First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 1953525134     Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries     Total free space is 3437 sectors (1.7 MiB)          Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name        1            2048          391167   190.0 MiB   EF00          2          391168          890879   244.0 MiB   0700          3          890880      1953523711   931.1 GiB   8E00                      `sudo parted -l `                    Model: ATA WDC WD10EZEX-00R (scsi) (note: this is the disk in problem)     Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B     Partition Table: gpt          Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags      1      1049kB  200MB   199MB   fat32              boot      2      200MB   456MB   256MB   ext2      3      456MB   1000GB  1000GB                     lvm               Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD103SJ (scsi)  (note: this is another normal disk)     Disk /dev/sdb: 1000GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B     Partition Table: msdos          Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags      1      1049kB  30.0GB  30.0GB  primary   ext4      4      30.0GB  1000GB  970GB   extended                  lba      6      30.0GB  983GB   953GB   logical   ext4      5      983GB   1000GB  16.9GB  logical   linux-swap(v1)               Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)     Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root: 983GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B     Partition Table: loop          Number  Start  End    Size   File system  Flags      1      0.00B  983GB  983GB  ext4               Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)     Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu-swap_1: 16.9GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B     Partition Table: loop          Number  Start  End     Size    File system     Flags      1      0.00B  16.9GB  16.9GB  linux-swap(v1)


Neworking getting Disabled

I am using Fedora 13 and its working great. The only problem which I am facing is that the networking gets automatically disabled if I put my system on the "SUSPEND" mode for > 30mins. I am unable to enable it even after right clicking. Then I have to restart my system, to get the internet working. Can anyone show me how to rectify this!


How to Update Apache to allow Pseudostreaming on CENTOS 5.5 & WHM

I can't figure out how to get pseudostreaming on my Apache server (CENTOS 5.5 i686). I've read this article and these install instructions. I cannot install `httpd-devel` or `mod_ssl` via yum; I get the error "package not found". One person mentioned that they think WHM/CPanel breaks yum. I have found some RPM packages: > > rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/13945478/dir/centos_5/com/mod_ssl-2.2.3-43.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm.html > > rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/13944425/dir/centos_5/com/httpd- > devel-2.2.3-43.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm.html But as I am not a unix admin, I am unsure of where to go from here. Can someone point me in the right direction? (Please remember that I am very junior in linux administration.)


How to display size of each file next to it after executing the "locate" command?

Is there anyway to display the size of each file next to it after executing the "locate" command?


USB ports not working

Ok, got a Puppy Linux Wary 5.3. running on an old laptop with USB ports. Now, here's the strange part ... none of them work. When I stick in a USB- stick there's no reaction. Still, `lsusb` lists them:               # lsusb          Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub     Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub      and even stranger ... when I plugin a PCMCIA Card Bus USB 2.0 adapter, those work: every one of the four adapter USB slots DO recognize the USB stick.               Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub     Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.0 root hub     Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub      This was the case, too, when some strange operating system called win- something was installed on this laptop. Gee, I can't even remember, it wasn't Solaris. Any suggestions how to check if it's just a hardware problem? How to fix this? Further details: The laptop is an Acer Travelmate 2301LM. * * * **Update after Salton feedback** : "Onboard USB supports only USB 1.0" I ran `lspci -v` to verify the speed of the lsb ports ... Three controllers use `uhci_hcd` module indicating USB 1.x. One controller uses `ehci_hcd`, though, indicating USB 2.0. Mhmm, not sure how to interpret this info? There are only three USB ports on this laptop. None seem to use the USB 2.0 controller.               00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])         Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device 0064         Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 6         I/O ports at 1820 [size=32]         Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd          00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 03) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])         Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device 0064         Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 6         I/O ports at 1840 [size=32]         Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd          00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 03) (prog-if 00 [UHCI])         Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device 0064         Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 6         I/O ports at 1860 [size=32]         Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd          00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])         Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device 0064         Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 10         Memory at e0100000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]         Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2         Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0080         Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd


How does coreutil's date manage to get such weird results?

I was playing around with `date` to try to convert expressions such as "2 hours" to a number of seconds like 7200. I thought I could perform this with invocations such as:               date -d "1970-01-01 00:00:00 + 2 hours" +"%s"      Yet, I noticed extremely strange results while so doing. (My `/etc/timezone` contains "Europe/Paris", hence the use of `TZ` to force UTC times.)               omega:~$ TZ=utc date -d "1970-01-01 00:00:00" +"%s"                  0     omega:~$ TZ=utc date -d "1970-01-01 00:00:00 + 0 minutes" +"%s"     60     omega:~$ TZ=utc date -d "1970-01-01 00:00:00 + -1 minutes" +"%s"      3660     omega:~$ TZ=utc date -d "1970-01-01 00:00:00 + 1 minutes" +"%s"      -3540      The first result is reasonable enough, but I'm really totally puzzled about how `date` might have come up with the three last results. Does anyone understand the logic between those results?


Waking an Ibook G4 (powerpc) running Debian Linux from suspend based on timer

I have recently received an Ibook G4 from a friend. I plan to use it as a server and have installed Debian Wheezy (7.0.0, release version) on it. However, I would like to suspend it at some points and wake it up - either after a specified time period or when the power cable is plugged in. As per the documentation for pbbuttonsd, which seems to be slightly more powerful and up to date than pmud, there is in fact an option in the Power Management Unit on these computers to wake up on the basis of a time period. However, the pbbuttonsd manpage simply says "Other wake up options [other than wake up on button press or lid open] are not foreseen by the kernel at this time." Since that documentation dates from 2007, I am hoping that this is no longer true. Trying out the standard `rtcwake` command gives me an error, saying there is no wakeup option in the /sys directory. Is there any way to wake up this computer on the basis of a timer / when it is plugged in? **NB** : I believe that Wheezy uses kernel version 3.2.0.


Expand subshell before executing it?

I often run commands using subshells, and sometimes would like to have the subshells expanded before I run something.. This way I could verify what I'm doing, and possibly edit what's about to happen as well. For example, how can I get the following command line to be expanded before I run it, so I can edit the results of the subshell? e.g.               $ find -name "test.txt"      /tmp/test.txt          $ mv $(!!) /tmp/new.txt      I'd like to see the subshell expanded _before_ I run the command, like so:               $ mv /tmp/test.txt /tmp/new.txt      Is there some way to do this?


Shell script execution

I have two shell script files with exactly the same permissions etc. I can run one of them by just giving its name in the command line but for the other one I should use sh or ./ to run it. What is the reason?


QEMU Direct Access to Video Card (or, QEMU Video Output without X11)

I have a system that boots up into Linux at power on and then needs to boot into Windows XP Embedded. After messing around with kexec and grub4dos, things aren't working out too well. One idea that has been brought up is running Windows XP Embedded inside of QEMU instead of live booting from Linux to Windows. The problem here is that the Linux OS is not running an X server and I would like to keep it that way. Is there a way to run QEMU with direct access to the video card so the virtualized OS (in my case Windows XP Embedded) can output directly to the monitor?


Does any OS support ZFS on MIPS?

Does there exist an operating system supporting ZFS under the MIPS architecture? If so, _which_ operating system(s)? I am especially interested in:   * Support for ZFS on Loongson.   * OSes free from binary blobs.


Sourcing nested sourced bash script multiple times causes an infinite loop

I have a cronjob that sources a configuration file, so as to put some variables in the environment, and then runs a script. This config script sources another more general config file that sources other settings, aka it's a nested source. All these config files essentially don't do anything else than `export SOMEVARIABLES`. Occasionally, I run this manually, and I've noticed that sourcing the same configuration file more than 5 times in a row results in bash going into an infinite loop. It will suddenly start printing the following forever:               -bash     -bash     -bash     -bash     -bash      -bash     -bash     -bash      ...      I have to `kill` the shell to get out of this, but this process will never end unless I manually kill it using `kill -9 <pid>`. In the meantime it will eat loads of CPU time. I know sourcing the same file multiple times is completely unnecessary (basically a result of me being lazy and just executing the same command), but AFAIK it only overwrites the same variables.   * If so, then why does error happen?   * And what does `-bash` even mean anyway? Using `ps auxww | grep <username>` will show me only something like:               <username>    7120 15.0  0.0  27116 15252 ?        R    Jul01 1959:27 -bash      Additionally, one of the scripts contains multiple lines of the same pattern like this:               export SOMEPATH=$SOMEPATH:/some/thi/ng:/some/thi/ng2:/some/more/


pcap and raw socket

I want to develop an application (module or user-level if possible) to create a raw socket in RHEL stealing all level-2 packets directly from kernel (without being routed or handled by other open sockets). I would like to feed packets to pcap to programatically handle some packet types. What would be the best of doing it? I have seen articles on zero copy networking, pcap, BPF but I guess they are all working with packet captures/copies?


How to limit network bandwidth?

Problem: We are hosting an application on remote server. We need to test it with a limited network bandwidth (for users with bad Internet access). Question: Can I limit my internet bandwidth (in Fedora 14)? For instance: 128 KB per second.


Is it possible to disconnect a GUI program launched within vifm from vifm?

One can launch GUI programs, for example, `gv` or `xpdf` from `vifm` in background in `vifm`'s command line:                :!gv %f &      However, if `gv` is launched by pressing `Enter` on a file like aPSfile.ps in `vifm`, it blocks the `vifm`. Is it possible to run it in the background as well when it is launched this way? The following setup in `vifmrc` does not work:               FILETYPE=PS=ps,eps,epsi=gv &      My current solution is to run `vifm` in GNU `screen`. `gv` launched by pressing `Enter` will run in a new screen instead of blocking `vifm`. However, I'd like to save that screen as well...


How can I install Ubuntu messaging menu on Mint?

One thing I like about Ubuntu is the messaging menu. Can I add the ubuntu messaging menu to Mint 12?


How can I get full Unicode font coverage for Gentoo Linux?

I've installed over 159 new fonts, all that were possible in Gentoo mirror. But even then, gnucharmap doesn't have:   * Arabic mathematical alphabet symbols 01ee00 1eebb      * Arabic Extended-A ࢠ ࣾ   * Chakma     * Meetei Mayek Extensions ꫠ ꫠ     * Miao      * Sharada      * Sundanese᮫ ᮭ ᮺ ᮿ (almost done)     * Sundanese Supplement ᳀     * Sora Compeng      * Supplementary Private Use Area-B      * Takri      * Supplementary Private Use Area-A (partially)     * Rumi Numeral Symbols (done)   * Aegean numbers U+10100 - 1013F (done , code2001 font)   * Avestan 10b00 010b3e (done)   * Bamum supplement 016800 (done)   * Brahmi 011000 01106f (done)   * cjk unified ideogram extension (done)   * cjk unified ideogram extension B (done) sunsim-extb.ttf font   * cjk unified ideogram extension C (done) babelstonehan.ttf universalia   * cjk unified ideogram extension D (done)   * Carian (done)   * Cuneiform (done)   * Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation (done)      * Egyptian Hieroglyphs Enclosed (aegyptus , gardiner) -done     * Kana Supplement done     * Lycian - (done)      * Lydian Letter A - (done)     * Meroitic Cursive (done)      * Meroitic Hieroglyphs (done)     * Arabian (done)     * Old Turkic (done)     * Variation Selectors Supplement (done)


What's the problem with terminals vs colors?

I'm a long time linux/unix user, as almost anyone working with this kind of OSs I use the terminal or a terminal emulator a lot, but I never understood why it's so hard for any GNU/Linux distribution to offer a decent color palette inside a terminal or a terminal emulator ( even with properly installed drivers ) . For example under Ubuntu you GTK that "prettifies" everything, but even if you have a VGA capable of rendering a palette of million of colours you are still likely to be confined to a 8 or 256 color palette: Why ? What's the missing piece ? What is the reasoning adopted by who still writes terminal emulators ?


Why does my rsync not allow block-size>128K?

Running rsync with a large* `--block-size` like this:               rsync -avvz --rsh 'ssh -c arcfour' --block-size 1048576 --inplace --progress example.com:/big.file /big.file      I get the following error:               Invalid block length 1048576 [sender]      Both ends are running 64bit CentOS 6.4. From Googling I've seen `--block-size` used with much higher values, why is this not working for me? * _I'm using a large block size because I'm trying to work around a bug where rsync just spins CPU forever 44% into a 300GB file_


How do I install userscripts in Chrome on Linux?

Help! The only way that Chrome allows userscripts to be installed now is by downloading the file to my local system then dragging and dropping it into the extension manager interface. However when I try to drag it over, nothing happens! I've tried using the file managers in both Gnome and KDE environments, neither one works.