Gnome 3.12 on Debian Jessie freezes when I open dialogues

I recently did the upgrade from Gnome 3.8 to Gnome 3.12, in Debian Testing (Jessie), and I can't figure this one out. When I try to open certain dialogue boxes in some applications (for example, the file properties dialogue in Nautilus), the dialogue either does not display at all, or else displays semi-transparently. In either case, the entire screen becomes non-functional. The mouse pointer keeps on working, but clicking works in no part of the screen, neither does the keyboard work. The only exception is that, if I guess where the dialogue's close button is, I can click there to close out the dialogue, and then the screen becomes usable again. (Alternatively, I can type ESC to close the dialogue, with the same effect.) Likewise, if I open, say, two copies of the image viewer (eog), opening the second copy has a similar effect, as does opening the Gimp (except that sometimes there I have no way of closing the offending window except by switching to another virtual terminal and doing `killall gimp`. In order to get this situation to arise, typically a lot of windows need to be open: specifically, in my case:   * The Cairo Dock toolbar   * The TaskBar (TaskBar@zpydr) Gnome extension.   * VirtualBox, running Windows 7. When I was using Gnome 3.8, running these together never posed an issue, but now I have to close at least one of them (usually the TaskBar extension) in order to avoid the issue. Other details of my system:   * Processor: amd64 (using 64-bit version of Debian)   * Display adaptor: Radeon HD 4200 (using the open-source driver, xserver-xorg-video-ati).   * Kernel: 3.14 (package linux-image-3.14-2-amd64)   * VirtualBox version: 4.3.14 (direct from Oracle)   * Cairo Dock version: 3.3.2-1 (using Debian's version) Other details:   * Switching to Metacity (`metacity --replace`) eliminates the problem (but, of course, that eliminates all the benefits of gnome-shell).   * The TaskBar extension is usually sufficent to generate the problem. Sometimes if only the TaskBar is enabled (but neither Cairo Dock nor VirtualBox), the offending dialogue box comes "alive" again after a few minutes.   * However, I also sometimes have the problem with Cairo Dock and VirtualBox are open together (with the TaskBar disabled). Any ideas what might be wrong? Something strange in my system, or a bug? **EDIT:** I was able to confirm that a fresh install of Debian Testing (Jessie) produced the same results within a VirtualBox virtual machine. I tested it on VirtualBox 4.3.14 (both with and without version 4.3.15 of the guest additions -- version 4.3.14 of the guest additions doesn't install correctly on Debian) with both the TaskBar and Cairo Dock installed. Same behavior. **EDIT:** The same thing occurs on Fedora, also in a VirtualBox virtual machine.


cannot locate cacti files under /srv/www/cacti

I am installing `cacti` on SLES-11-SP2 following instructions on Open Suse Cacti guide but I cannot locate the `cacti` files under `/srv/www/cacti` after the installation.   Do you have any idea where they are ?


How to search for available software in repositories though CLI?

I want to be able to search all available software like one would using "Synaptic Package manager" or "Ubuntu Software Center" through Command Line.` I want a better way than pressing Tab after typing a few letters after "sudo apt-get install ". It is not enough and can't search deep like Synaptic Package Manager.


Why isn't a straightforward 1/5/15 minute moving average used in Linux load calculation?

Until recently i thought the load average (as shown for example in top) was a moving average on the n last values of the number of process in state "runnable" or "running". And n would have been defined by the "length" of the moving average: since the algorithm to compute load average seems to trigger every 5 sec, n would have been 12 for the 1min load average, 12x5 for the 5 min load average and 12x15 for the 15 min load average. But then i read this article: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/9001. The article is quite old but the same algorithm is implemented today in the linux kernel. The load average is not a moving average but .. an algorithm for which i don't know a name. Anyway i made a comparison between the linux kernel algorithm and a moving average for an imaginary periodic load: ![load graph](http://i.stack.imgur.com/0sjSR.png). There is a huge difference. Finally my questions are:   * Why this implementation have been choosen compared to a true moving average, that has a real meaning to anyone ?   * Why everybody speaks about "1min load average" since much more than the last minute is taken into account by the algorithm. (mathematically, all the measure since the boot; in practice, taking into accound the round-off error.. still a lot of measures) Thank you for your time


Loop a list through awk

I'm sorry if this is extremely elementary, but I just can't figure out how to do this, and my research has failed me as well. I have two files: data.csv and list.txt. Here's an example of what they look like data.csv:               "John","red","4"     "Basketball","orange","2"     "The Mike","blue","94"     "Lizard","purple","3"     "Johnny","pink","32"      list.txt:               Mike     John     purple     32      Now, I am trying to figure out how I can make a loop               awk -F "\"*,\"*" '/**LIST ITEM**/ {print $1}' data.csv > output.txt      where the command runs for each line of list.txt, replacing **LIST ITEM**. How can this be accomplished? I'm running this though Terminal on MacOSX 10.5.7. EDIT: The desired output for the above example would be               The Mike     John     Johnny     Lizard     Johnny      EDIT2: To be more clear, I am trying to avoid doing this:               awk -F "\"*,\"*" '/Mike/ {print $1}' data.csv     awk -F "\"*,\"*" '/John/ {print $1}' data.csv     awk -F "\"*,\"*" '/purple/ {print $1}' data.csv     awk -F "\"*,\"*" '/32/ {print $1}' data.csv      And instead, run it in one command, somehow looping through all the lines of list.txt.


Trouble with grep -o regex

I'm trying to use a grep command with the --only-matching flag, but it's not behaving as I would expect it to. This command: `echo "1/2/3/4/5" | grep -oE "^([^/]+/){0,2}"` Gives this output:               1/2/     3/4/      I was expecting just `1/2/` What's going on..? `3/4/` shouldn't match `"^([^/]+/){0,2}"` because it's not at the beginning of the line.. ( _running GNU grep **2.5.1_** )


How do I add an associative array to a variable from an external ini file?

I'm modifying a simple script to add function and learn more about how to write bash scripts. Currently, the script creates associative arrays using a function:               declare -A site theme     add_site() {         local shortcut=$1         site[$shortcut]=$2         theme[$shortcut]=$3     }     add_site x1 example1.com alpha     add_site x2 example2.com beta      Now I'd like it to read an ini file for the variables. However, the documentation I've come across all instruct how to source the file, but only uses single arrays for examples. How do I create the arrays using a data file that looks like the following to make an associative array:               [site1]     shortcut=x1     site=example1.com     theme=alpha          [site2]     shortcut=x2     site=example2.com     theme=beta


how to center vertically tiled watermark

I use imagemagick to add a watermark to my photos. The command line is the following:               composite -tile -gravity center watermark.png somefile.jpg somefile.jpg      But the watermark isn’t centered vertically. It looks like this: ![Image with watermark](http://i.stack.imgur.com/rrfqj.jpg) I’d like it to start from the center. How can I do it?


Steam with Wine having bug with popups

I'm on Arch Linux 64 bits running Steam on a 32 bits Wine and whenever Steam opens a popup, it starts gliding towards the lower right corner, only stopping when I hover it with my mouse and disappearing when I take my mouse off of it. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IJBn5pP-AA It keeps saying               fixme:appbar:SHAppBarMessage unknown msg: 4     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETSTATE): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=3): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=1): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=0): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=2): stub     fixme:appbar:SHAppBarMessage unknown msg: 4     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETSTATE): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=3): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=1): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=0): stub     fixme:appbar:handle_appbarmessage SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR, hwnd=(nil), edge=2): stub      when the popup is gliding. Also, it doesn't show it but when I'm in another "tab" of the window manager, popups still open at the same positions on the screen, even though I can't see the steam interface anymore.


Prevent watch breaking colors

I'm altering scripts at work that monitor log files to single out certain items and colorize them. The final output is a list of 6-digit numbers in several columns. I've been able to add a `~` to the start of the number, and it doesn't break anything in the final output, but it's rather ugly and hard to read. However, when I try to colorize the number, either in preceding bash scripts or the final processing of the data in a perl script, the color text gets clobbered. For example, the original number, which I will put into `$num`:               123456      I input this in perl (or, much the same thing in bash):               "\e[1;34m" . $num . "\e[0m"      And here's what I get:               [1;34m123456[0m       I've also tried this, an escaped version, but get the same thing:               "\x1B[1;34m" . $num . "\x1B[0m"      If this makes a difference, here's the real stack of scripts (it's a mess):   * Perl called inside shell script, which then pipes to `grep`/`cut`/etc.   * shell script with more `cut`/etc., then pipes to .pl    * shell script watches that output Maybe `watch` doesn't like color then? I don't know `perl` too well, so I guess it wouldn't hurt to show what I'm seeing around the print lines:               my $format = ("%-8s") x scalar(@{$a[0]});          printf("$format\n", @$_)


Possible to extract title and pagenum of each page in a djvu file

This is a djvu version of the questions I asked before for pdf files. I have tried a similar idea as fred has given to the previous question. But I am now stuck at how to get the number of pages of a djvu file, because I don't know which command can be used for that purpose. For the sake of completion, I now just rephrase the question here: I was wondering if there are some ways to extract title and pagenum of each page in a djvu file? Either by some applications, or by programming in some programming language with some djvu libraries? The title of each page is supposed to be the first line of the page, for example, in slides/presentation files. The output is supposed to be a text file, with following format:               title_of_first_page pagenum_of_first_page     title_of_second_page pagenum_of_second_page     ...      Thanks and regards!


How to make BT keyboard available at login and OS selection screens

Is it possible to have my bluetooth keyboard active before I enter into the desktop environment? I'm unable to type in my login and password at the login screen because the Debian hasn't associated with my bluetooth keyboard until I manually tell it too. Also can I extend bluetooth keyboard useability to Grub's dualboot screen as well? At this stage I have to plug in my wired keyboard just to deal with these two events. Can you show me how to set up my wireless keyboard to be automatically available at the boot screen, or at least at the login screen. I'm currently using the default Bluetooth manager with Unity, Ubuntu 11.04, and pairing is rather difficult and non-automated, and does not extend to outside of the desktop environment. (In fact I have to remove it and re-pair it every time and it does not even work reliably.) ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Szmf3.jpg) ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/FG9xl.jpg) ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/JlILN.png)


Linux Mint Change Screen Resolution

I installed Linux mint 10.I have nvidia geforce 9500 GT.After installing `nvidia-current` package,my screen resolution become 800*600.There is no 1024*768 in Monitors menu. Running `inxi -Gx` shows,               Graphics:  Card nVidia G96 [GeForce 9500 GT] X.Org 1.9.0 Res: 800x600@61.0hz                 GLX Renderer N/A GLX Version N/A Direct Rendering N/A      No idea what is going wrong.Any pointers?


How to use the grep result in command line?

When I use `grep` to find some text which I need, it will display lines containing a match to the given pattern. For example,               # grep -r ".*Linux" *     path0/output.txt:I hope you enjoyed working on Linux.     path1/output1.txt:Welcome to Linux.     path2/output2.txt:I hope you will have fun with Linux.      then, I want to edit the file `path2/output2.txt`, hence, I type `vim path2/output2.txt`. But, I don't think it is an effective way. How can I copy the path after `grep`?


Is it possible to get network interface index not via /sys?

So what I'm looking for is an interface index (or name) but the real one. `if_nametoindex(3)` and `ioctl(2)` don't seem to help me here. Now the only way I found how to do this is via `/sys`. Let me demonstrate on example what I need:               # cat /sys/class/net/bond0.1007/ifindex      26     # cat /sys/class/net/bond0.1007/iflink     23                                  <-- I need either this or a reference to bond0     # cat /sys/class/net/bond0/ifindex      23      Is there a way to do it with a function call or the only way is `sysfs`? Thanks


Changing the IP Address in Solaris 11

I am trying to change the IP address in Solaris, but am failing to do so. The IP address needs to be a fixed number, like 10.0.11.10 I have tried changing the IP address in `/etc/hosts` which I changed the hostname and the IP address, but when I try `ping` the computer name, it says:               Ping request could not find host SolarisTest. Please check the name and try again.      I have done what they told me to try on this site. But still stuck. They say to do this: "If using Solaris 9 or above, users may need to edit the IP address in `/etc/inet/ipnodes`" which I did, and the file looks exactly the same as the `/etc/hosts/` file. I already changed the IP address in the `/etc/hosts/` file.   * Please can someone show me how to **change the IP address on Solaris 11**? **Edit** I have tried `ifconfig -a` and it showed me the old IP address `10.0.10.80` and I changed `/etc/hosts/` to show `10.0.11.10` - so I have no idea why it is always changing. **2nd Edit** This link also shows stuff about how to change the IP address, as I have tried that as well, and also got nowhere.


How to restrict to run commands in specific directory through SUDOERS?

I can run `chown` and `chmod` commands by `sudo` system-wide, but want to run these commands in only `/var/www/html` directory. How can restrict commands to run only in specified directory by `sudo` permission? Not system-wide. Example: By following command 777 permission applied to `index.html` file.               sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/index.html      Now I want to perform two actions   1. Restrict `sudo` to run `chmod` and `chown` only in `/var/www/html`   2. These command should not run in other places/directory.i.e user cannot use this command in `/var/www` or `/var/ftp`


Git pager is less, but what is causing the output coloring?

`less` itself isn't capable of doing syntax highlighting, according to this thread. However, `git diff` nicely shows colored output in less, its default pager. When I redirect the output of `git diff` into a file, no color escape sequences are visible. Does `git diff` know where it's being sent, and formats the output accordingly? How would one do that? * * * I just noticed that git colors the `diff` output (e.g. `git diff`), however, it doesn't know how to syntax highlighting in general. e.g.               git show 415fec6:log.tex      doesn't enable any TeX-like syntax. * * * Reading the `git` sources, I found the following hints in `diff.h`:               int use_color;      * * * I was previously referring to _syntax highlighting_ , but that was not correct. What I mean is output coloring, see e.g. ![example color output](http://i.stack.imgur.com/cbBQu.png)


Why did using xargs fail in this case?

I tried to understand the usage of `xargs` and did the following experiment.               ls | xargs | touch      I want to refresh the files dates and directoris in the curent directory. Though it is a bit _silly_ ,for I could use a simpler form to achieve the same effect. In my mind, `xargs` reads from the `STDIN` and turn it into the arguments for the other command(`/bin/echo` by default if the command is not specified). Am I misunderstanding something? It failed and I am wondering why.


Looping over directory entries in bash and saving to an array

(See update at the foot of the question). This is a followup question to "Make directory copies using find". This question involved manipulating a bunch of directories, This got too complicated to handle in a single command, so I decided to go with an approach which saved the list of directories to a bash array, despite reservations about portability. It seems that the POSIX shell standard (the Unix shell standard, as I understand it) does not have arrays. The makefile I'm using appears below. This works except for the last step. A summary of what I'm trying to do follows. As discussed in the earlier question, I want to loop over the directory `x86-headers`, and collect into a bash array, a list of its top level subdirectories that contain the file `C/populate.sh` (but may also contain other files). In my test setup, for example there is only one directory in `x86-headers` which contains the file `libc/C/populate.sh`, namely `libc`. I then perform some operations on these subdirectories. The most important of these is that I make a temporary copy of each directory which looks like `libc.tmp_g4zlb`. Namely dirname followed by 'tmp_' followed by a 5 digit random string. So, some questions: 1) As discussed in the earlier question, I'm looping over the directory 'x86-headers'. Here I am still using find. @Gilles indicated in his answer that this was not ideal. He might be right. Problems with find here: a) The values returned look like `./libc`. I don't want a leading `./`. b) The find command I'm using lists all directories. I only want to consider those that contain a file with the relative path of `C/populate.sh`. The approach Gilles was using might be better, but I don't understand it. See the `gilles` target below. I'd like to get the list of the directories and save them to an array. 2) The bit that I'm having problems with is the last step, namely               echo "(progn (require 'parse-ffi) (ccl::parse-standard-ffi-files :$$i'.tmp_'$(RND)))" | \     /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl -I /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl.image; done \      The relevant bit is that I'm trying to pass the temporary value `libc.tmp_g4zlb` to ccl, which is a Common Lisp compiler. Without the substitution, it would look like               echo "(progn (require 'parse-ffi) (ccl::parse-standard-ffi-files :libc.tmp_g4zlb))" | \     /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl -I /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl.image; done \      This works. The version using `$$i` above doesn't. The problem seems to be the leading `./`. Without that, it should work. For the record, the error I get is               ? > Error: Too many arguments in call to #<Compiled-function CCL::PARSE-STANDARD-FFI-FILES #x488B8406>:     >        3 arguments provided, at most 2 accepted.      > While executing: CCL::PARSE-STANDARD-FFI-FILES, in process listener(1).      This is, however, not the error that I get when passing `./libc.tmp_g4zlb` to the compiler. That error looks like               > Error: Filename "/home/faheem/test/foo/x86-headers/.\\/libc.tmp_g4zlb/C/**/" contains illegal character #\/     > While executing: CCL::%SPLIT-DIR, in process listener(1).      So it is possible there is something else going on. 3) Does the overall approach look reasonable? Please feel free to suggest possible improvements, even if it involves a completely different strategy.               #!/usr/bin/make -f     # -*- makefile -*-          export SHELL=/bin/bash     export RND:=$(shell tr -cd a-z0-9 < /dev/urandom | head -c5)     export CCL_DEFAULT_DIRECTORY=$(CURDIR)          clean:         rm -rf x86-headers/libc.tmp*          foo: clean         PATH=$$PATH:$(CURDIR)/ffigen4/bin; \         echo $$PATH; \         export CURDIR=$(CURDIR); \         echo $$CURDIR; \         array=( $$(cd x86-headers && find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d) ); \         cd x86-headers && \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         echo $$i; done; \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         mkdir -p $$i."tmp_"$(RND)/C; done; \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         cp -p $$i/C/populate.sh $$i".tmp_"$(RND)/C; done; \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         cd $$i".tmp_"$(RND)/C; ./populate.sh; done; \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         echo $$i'.tmp_'$(RND); done; \         for i in "$${array[@]}"; do \         echo "(progn (require 'parse-ffi) (ccl::parse-standard-ffi-files :$$i'.tmp_'$(RND)))" | \         /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl -I /usr/lib/ccl-bootstrap/lx86cl.image; done; \          gilles:         cd x86-headers;         for x in */C/populate.sh; do \         echo -- "$${x%%/*}$$suffix"; done; \      UPDATE: It is possible that the question (or questions) got lost in all the details. So, let me try to simplify things. In his answer, Gilles wrote               for x in */C/populate.sh; do       mkdir -- "${x%%/*}$suffix"       mkdir -- "${x%%/*}$suffix/C"       cp -p -- "$x" "./${x%%/*}$suffix/C"     done      As I commented on his question, `x` here matches patterns of the form `*/C/populate.sh`. Also, `${x%%/*}` matches the first part of the string, namely the top level directory name. Now, something like               for x in */C/populate.sh; do                                                                                myarr[] = "${x%%/*}"                                                                                done      would create an array containing a list of top level directories, which is what I want. However, I don't know what syntax to use. I need to use a counter which runs over the loop, like `i=0, 1,...` to index `myarr` on the LHS. If I had a working piece of code like this, it would go some way towards solving my issue.


How to know if a Linux command can read from STDIN?

I noticed this problem when I became confused with pipe, one command send its executing output to the `STDOUT`, which is the `STDIN` for the other command, which can read from `STDIN`. How do I know if a Linux command can read from `STDIN`? Is there a feature to distinguish commands that can read from `STDIN` from those cannot?


Using rsync in a cronjob when a password is needed

Basically I have a bash script that fetches data from my server to perform a backup. As it is now I have to start that script manually, enter the password, and then wait for it to finish. I would like to set up a cronjob that handles the backup. But I really don't know how to handle the password in a cronjob. Also I can't use keys for this, because my provider does not provide the mechanisms I need to configure them. I have SSH access to my home folder, but in my home folder I don't have write access except for the `http(s)docs` directory. So I cant create the necessary `~/.ssh/` directory and its contents for login via keys.


POSIX and Bash, sh shorthand, for compound if statement

I prefer to do my `sh` commands in shorthand, And I prefer to be in POSIX. Truthfully, if the script can run on Dash, that is good enough. Which means using the test command `[`, not the extended `[[`. I have an example from an autostart script, which I'm not sure about.               if which dbus-launch >/dev/null && test -z "$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"; then        eval `dbus-launch --sh-syntax --exit-with-session`     fi      So my guess is that if `dbus-launch` and `$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS` is empty, then do the `eval`. How do I write this in shorthand? I appreciate any help on this subject.


Why does my TCSH prompt change after cd?

My .cshrc file contains the following:               set prompt = "%{\033[0;32m%}%S%B\! <%~> :%b%s %{\033[0m%}"      Each time I `cd` out of my home directory, the prompt formatting resets to display:               33 /~/newdirectory/ :       What am I doing wrong?


Do USB emulators exist for Linux?

I'm looking for software that lets me have many virtual USB drives on my Ubuntu installation. I want them to be seen by virtual machines in VirtualBox so I can do backup operations. I need the drives to be presented on USB bus and not as virtual hard disks.


Masquerading as another user from sudoers file?

My `/etc/sudoers` file has following entries:-               ## Allow root to run any commands anywhere     root    ALL=(ALL)       ALL     agupta ALL= /sbin/,/usr/sbin/,/bin/,/bin/cat /etc/sudoers     ADMINS ALL= !/usr/bin/su, !SHELLS     alice ALL =(%Children) /sbin/, /usr/sbin/, /bin/      alice is a member of the Children group; please find below are details for alice:-               [alice@localhost ~]$ id alice     uid=1005(alice) gid=1004(Children) groups=1004(Children)      When I try to run this command `/bin/cat /etc/sudoers` i get following errors:-               [alice@localhost ~]$ sudo  cat /etc/sudoers     Sorry, user alice is not allowed to execute '/bin/cat /etc/sudoers' as root on localhost.localdomain.      In /var/log/secure, I can see the following entries being populated:-               Mar 21 06:40:40 localhost sudo:    alice : command not allowed ; TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/alice ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/cat /etc/sudoers      Any suggestions on this? * * * **Edit 1** Modified the file by removing the impersonation from the file i.e.               alice ALL = /sbin/, /usr/sbin/, /bin/      I was able to run the command `sudo cat /etc/sudoers` . I want to try out masquerading: but I am not able to make it work on my system * * * **Edit 2**               ## Allow root to run any commands anywhere     root    ALL=(ALL)       ALL     agupta,myself    ALL=(wheel)  ALL     jane ALL=(%parents) ALL      Command I ran:-               [jane@localhost ~]$ sudo -u paul cat /etc/sudoers     [sudo] password for jane:     cat: /etc/sudoers: Permission denied      Logs in /etc/log/secure:-               Mar 15 15:26:24 localhost sudo:     jane : TTY=pts/2 ; PWD=/home/jane ; USER=paul ; COMMAND=/bin/cat /etc/sudoers      Members of the group parents:-               [root@localhost ~]# id jane     uid=505(jane) gid=504(parents) groups=504(parents)     [root@localhost ~]# id paul     uid=504(paul) gid=504(parents) groups=504(parents)      Am, I still making any silly mistake?


Problem with configure and build php 5.2 on redhat 5

I downloaded php binaries and tried to build the same using following command.               ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/sbin/apxs --with-mysql      But i'm getting the error related to mysql client library.               checking for MySQL support... yes      checking for specified location of the MySQL UNIX socket... no     checking for MySQL UNIX socket location... /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock     configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under yes.     Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!      I confirmed that I have mysql client installed.               $ yum list mysql*     Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security     Installed Packages     MySQL-client-community.x86_64    5.1.48-1.rhel5   installed     MySQL-server-community.x86_64    5.1.48-1.rhel5   installed


set hlsearch not working in vi

I want the result to be highlighted when I search for it in a file.So,I opened a file with `vi`(version 7.2) and then used command `:set hlsearch` to enable highlighting.But even then I don't get my search results highlighted.Any idea what else to check ? **Edit** Now I tried same thing with `vim` and it works fine there.Is hlsearch only for vim ?


Is there a way to bind TAB so that it outputs 2 space characters? I know you can do this in a text editor like Vim, but I wanted to carry over this functionality to `cat >>`.


Installing Pencil on openSUSE

I have installed openSUSE 11.4 today and I am trying to install Pencil on it. I downloaded the ArchLinux tarball from the site, and after extracting it, the _pencil.sh_ file didn't install, giving a bash error (permission denied). I also tried searching for it on YaST, but didn't find it there. I need some help.


less -j is not working for me

`less -jn` where n is a line number to jump to is not working for me. It just has no effect. I'm running less version 436 on Ubuntu 11.04. I also tried `less --jump-target=200` and `LESS='-j200' less filename`.


GPGPU/CUDA in KVM or Xen

We would like to enable direct access to CUDA-enabled GPUs within either KVM or Xen (or Citrix Xenserver). Specifically, we want to use PCI passthrough to access an NVIDIA Tesla S2050 unit, which is composed of 4 Tesla C2050 devices. I'm aware that Xenserver 5.6 supports SLI Multi-OS-enabled GPUs, but my understanding is that the C2050s are not SLI Multi-OS devices. I would prefer to avoid RPC-like solutions due to performance and maintenance issues that I've experienced. Amazon EC2 offers Xen VMs with Tesla M2050 GPUs, which I believe are quite similar to our C2050s, so it seems like what I would like to do should be possible. Has anyone successfully passed a non-SLI Multi-OS GPU to Linux VM from either KVM or Xen and successfully run a CUDA application? If so, what virtualization solution did you use and what GPU was used?


Does ie4linux work under Fedora?

I'm trying to install ie4linux, following this tutorial ### root               yum install wine cabextract      ### normal user               wget -q http://www.tatanka.com.br/ies4linux/downloads/ies4linux-latest.tar.gz     tar xfz ies4linux-latest.tar.gz     cd ies4linux-*     sed -i 's/which wineprefixcreate/which iptables/g' lib/functions.sh     ./ies4linux --no-flash --no-desktop-icon --no-menu-icon --no-gui --beta-install-ie7 # Same as above but with IE7 support (beta)      But when installing, the installer suddenly terminates:               /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/ADVAUTH.CAB: No such file or directory     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/CRLUPD.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/HHUPD.CAB: WARNING; possible 6720 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IEDOM.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_EXTRA.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S1.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S2.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S3.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S4.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S5.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/IE_S6.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/SETUPW95.CAB: WARNING; possible 6968 extra bytes at end of file.     /home/user/.ies4linux/downloads/ie6/HU/VGX.CAB: WARNING; possible 6896 extra bytes at end of file.      How can I install this on Fedora 14?


Debian stable: Only GNOME classic with custom 3.16

I compiled a custom 3.16.2 today, which works flawlessly except that GNOME only starts in classic mode. Maybe this is due to changes in the drm i915 driver, but how would I debug this? System is a Lenovo T400, Debian stable 32bit, Intel GM45 graphics chipset.


Nautilus Global Settings

I'm trying to figure out a way to set a flag on Nautilus for all/new users. It's just set `always_use_browser` to `True`. I didn't find any way to set it globally, just locally. I spent hours doing a workaround which uses gconftool-2, but to solve this issue, I think it could be more simple than applying and avoid resources usage to run my (dirty) solution. Does Gnome have file/command to set this nautilus flag (`always_use_browser=True`) globally?


Good tutorial for setting up a KVM/Xen box and advice on which would be better

I've got a dual xeon, 2GB, 75GB hd server that I'd like to turn into my dedicated virtual environment. Currently I'm using VirtualBox locally to run a mock cluster for Cassandra and Nginx/Haproxy, but it's starting to overload my system. I'd like to run Arch for this box and have a minimal desktop environment with either KVM or Xen managing all the VM's. Anyone know of a good tutorial or should I just do the base arch install and then find a good tutorial for setting up Xen/KVM and managing the machines? Also, which would be better for this type of environment. I've read that kvm is the way to go because it's much easier to setup and manage but I do not mind a more difficult setup if I can make better use of the hardware with Xen.


Compiling GNU/Linux with -O3 optimization

It's said that compiling GNU tools and Linux kernel with `-O3` gcc optimization option will produce weird and funky bugs. Is it true? Has anyone tried it or is it just a hoax?


modify path globally

Is there a standard for `$PATH` and the order of things that are supposed to be in there? out of the box Arch Linux doesn't have `/usr/local/bin` in the `$PATH`. I want to add it but I'm not sure if there's a predefined pecking order for system paths. Also where is the right place to do this? for right now I modified `/etc/profile` but I'm not sure that's the right place in Arch for user modifications. Anyone know if there's a better place?


Kill a tmux session and select another tmux session

I am trying to bind `X` to do the following:   * prompt the user whether the session should be killed   * if `y` is entered, kill the session   * after the session is killed select another session (last, previous, or next session) ### Some similar commands that aren't quite right   1. Kill the session and close the terminal:              bind X confirm-before -p "Kill #S (y/n)?" kill-session        2. Prompt the user for the name of the session to kill and select next session after kill:              bind X command-prompt -p "kill:"  "switch-client -n \; kill-session -t '%%'"        3. I haven't been able to find examples of similar commands. Here's a solution something that doesn't work:              bind X confirm-before -p "Kill #S (y/n)?" "SESSION='#S' \; \     switch-client -n \; kill-session -t \"$SESSION\""


difficalty to save traceroute output in shell variable?

I need to filter and store `traceroute` output in shell variable (array). But I am getting some unusual output. As I try to explain in following lines. My present directory is `temp`, having some files:               /temp$ ls      ask.html  data_dump (2)  DB-Assignemnt .sql          When I run `traceroute` on command line its output is correct as I desired.               /temp$ traceroute -m 5 www.google.com  | awk '{print  $2 , $3}'     to www.google.com     172.22.0.1 (172.22.0.1)     ABTS-North-Static-085.3.160.122.airtelbroadband.in (122.160.3.85)     * *     203.101.83.197 (203.101.83.197)     182.79.254.249 (182.79.254.249      If I save output in a variable `a` `/temp$ a=$(traceroute -m 5 www.google.com | awk '{print $2 , $3}')` When I `echo $a` The output is not understood to me. > ~/temp$ echo $a   >  to www.google.com 172.22.0.1 (172.22.0.1) ABTS-North-Static-   >  085.3.160.122.airtelbroadband.in (122.160.3.85) ask.html data_dump (2) DB- > Assignemnt .sql **ask.html data_dump (2) DB-Assignemnt .sql ask.html > data_dump (2) DB-Assignemnt .sql ask.html data_dump (2) DB-Assignemnt .sql**   >  203.101.100.186 (203.101.100.186) Why `ls` executed itself and input is save in variable `a`.


Linux support for RTP-MIDI?

I have been spoiled by the ease with which I can connect my iPad up to MIDI applications on my Macbook using the native support for midi-over-the-network (apparently RTP-MIDI) provided by the CoreMIDI subsystem in both OS X and iOS. Is there a compatible Linux implementation? I have found some tantalizing references out there that indicate there _may_ be one, but I haven't been able to find any concrete information.


When importing a key during a yum installation, where is that key stored?

I'm installing a piece of software for which I had to use a third-party repository. After adding the repository with `rpm -Uvh http://[site]`, I installed with `yum install [package]`. One of the prompts that came up during installation read:               Importing GPG key 0xABCABCAB "Fname Lname <email@somewhere.com>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-somewhere-fname     Is this ok [y/N]: y      Does anyone know where this key is stored? I'm finished with that particular repo and don't want the additional repo/key lingering unnecessarily on my machine. I've already tried `gpg --list-keys` as both a regular user and root, but the key isn't listed there. As a work around would simply removing the repo also remove the key associated with it?


Review changes in .tex files

I have two files `paper.tex` and `paper_suggested_changes.tex` the latter is a modified version of the former with corrections. I need to go through the two files and choose which changes to accept or reject, how would I go about this?


List only regular files (but not directories) in current directory

I can use `ls -ld */` to list all the directory entries in the current directory. Is there a similarly easy way to just list all the regular files in the current directory? I know I can use find               find . -maxdepth 1 -type f      or stat               stat -c "%F %n" * | grep "regular file" | cut -d' ' -f 3-      but these do not strike me as being overly elegant. Is there a nice short way to list only the regular files (I don't care about devices, pipes, etc.) but not the sub-directories of the current directory? Listing symbolic links as well would be a plus, but is not a necessity.


Why is my shell script hanging on `apt-get -y upgrade`?

Ubuntu :               sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y update     sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y upgrade     sudo reboot      Script is always interrupted after upgrade and then it will stay on the command line, it will never reboots. How to run non-interactive shell scripts correctly, is there a way ?


Upgrade from Fedora 17 -> 18 problem

I tried to update Fedora 17 to 18 from within yum using the directions on the fedora web site. When I rebooted I ended up in the CentOS installer screen. I am not sure how that happend but I can't seem to get out of it into even a basic shell. EDIT: I managed to solve the problem by backing up the system and reinstalling it


How can I install rpmfusion to then install a video player in Fedora 12?

I have Fedora 12 and no wish to change. I want to play dvd videos, but these need VLC or mplayer, and they need rpmfusion. There are many sets of instructions on installing rpmfusion, but they all fail with some mysterious extra requirement, or need Fedora 19, if I read it correctly, or some other arcane error. The most likely help was at http://www.redips.net/linux/yum-install-mplayer- fedora12/ which said enter: rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/pmfusion-free-release- stable.noarch.rpm !!!!! Now even more frustration: That's not what I typed! Although the full command line shows in the edit window for this post, half of it is missing in the preview. Grrrr.... But this command (the full thing of which only half shows above) gives: bash: syntax error near unexpected token `newline' But I can't find or remove a 'newline' in the command. I've already spent most of the day on this -- Please can someone help? Excuse my being fussy, but please no answers suggesting I change to another Fedora release, or not directly addressing the real problem, at least as a first step: how to get rpmfusion in Fedora 12 in a way that actually works.


Exit status ($?) of 148 upon Ctrl+Z

I just customized my `.bashrc` to include the exit status of the last command, so I get fancy prompts like               ☑ larsmans@host:~$      and I no longer have to re-run commands to see their exit status because I ran some other command in between. This uses `$?` to determine the exit status. However, I noticed that when a command is backgrounded with `Ctrl`+`Z`, the shell also sets `$?`, so I keep seeing               [1]+  Stopped                 vim     ☒ larsmans@host:~$ echo $?     148      Is this `148` a magic pseudo-exit status that I should check for?


Directory permissions vs file permssions

If I have two users called `john` and `sally`. Both are part of the `users` group. `john` creates a directory with permissions `775`. `sally` then puts a file there with `644` permissions. Even though the file obviously has no group write privileges. Can `john` then modify/delete that file in the directory he owns but the file he does not own?


xmms2 notification with album art under Awesome

I have the following in my `.config/awesome/rc.lua`:               --{{{ Display noify with current xmms2 playlist     function xmms2()         local f = io.popen("nyxmms2 status -f '${artist} - ${album} - ${title}'")         local fr = ""         for line in f:lines() do         fr = fr .. line .. '\n'         end         f:close()         naughty.notify({ title = "Currently playing:", text = fr, timeout = 5})     end     --}}}      I would like to add album art to this. Does anyone have an idea of how to do this? I am looking for something like this mpd setup but for xmms2.


process id and killing process - ps commmand

Please see the output of below **ps** command:               abc@smaug:~/Desktop$ ps ax | grep firefox      2213 ?        Sl     2:01 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox      2644 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto firefox      Please explain both rows and what process id can be used to kill firefox process? Process id **2644** keeps on changing everytime I run that command.


Reach service on VM with private address

I have this configuration: ![ss of image](http://i.stack.imgur.com/57exH.png) _source:https://www.lucidchart.com/publicSegments/view/5256a1e5-afb0-4c7a-96fa-35750a00527d/image.png_ Basically, I have to reach a service which is running on the virtual machine with IP address 192.168.0.20 from a remote machine; this service is reachable on the port 80 and is working via a browser. However, I can't modify any firewall configuration on the hypervisor (the physical machine I can reach with its public IP).


What is the difference between ps and top command?

What is the difference between `ps` and `top` command ? I see that both can display information about running processes . Which one should be used when ?


Is adding ./bin a bad idea

I can't think of any reason why adding `./bin` to my `PATH` environment would be a very bad idea. I usually create `bin` folders in my projects that I am working in and I hate doing `bin/command`, it would be nice, to have `command` be picked up by bash as long as I am in the directory with a `bin` folder and that `bin` folder contains a `command` executable. I need convincing :D


Blocking gzip HTTP content with Iptables or Snort?

I'm looking to drop a connection if a website contains a certain word or phrase. The issue is, the site is typically compressed with gzip. Any ideas?


Text File Renaming Using Script

I have thousands of text files inside a folder and they are named in a certain way. For example:               Image_234_Data_7778_n0.txt     Image_234_Data_7778_n1.txt     Image_234_Data_7778_n2.txt          Image_954_Data_4478_n0.txt     Image_954_Data_4478_n1.txt     Image_954_Data_4478_n2.txt          Image_104_Data_9878_n0.txt     Image_104_Data_9878_n1.txt     Image_104_Data_9878_n2.txt      And so on... I would like to make a sourcefile (which would be used to rename the files and keep track of 'which is which') that should read:               1_1.txt:Image_234_Data_7778_n0.txt     1_2.txt:Image_234_Data_7778_n1.txt     1_3.txt:Image_234_Data_7778_n2.txt          2_1.txt:Image_954_Data_4478_n0.txt     2_2.txt:Image_954_Data_4478_n1.txt     2_3.txt:Image_954_Data_4478_n2.txt          3_1.txt:Image_104_Data_9878_n0.txt     3_2.txt:Image_104_Data_9878_n1.txt     3_3.txt:Image_104_Data_9878_n2.txt      And so on... Can anyone help me with some code which could do this for me?


Why rm command unrecognized w flag in AIX?

I have a bash script that retain the last 5 copies in AIX like this:               rm `ls -lt /path/the_file_* | tail -n +6`      But I get this error:               rm: Not a recognized flag: w      **UPDATE** The `ls` command return this:               -rw-r--r--    1 user   group1           14 Mar 11 09:54 the_file_20130311.bz2      Any clue on this?


Why isn't hydra being disconnected?

I have SSHD running on port 5800 on some machine. (It is a my machine at home.) If I run this manually in a terminal:               # ssh someIP -p 5800       The connection is lost because I am disconnected after 3 consecutive mistakes. OK. Now I do a brute force with hydra on this port with ssh as specified service and password root. It seems to run and tries passwords, but now I wonder why I am not disconnected this way. Is this because hydra instantiates a new connection for every new password, closes it after trying the password, and opens a new connection again for the next password attempt?


Postfix, SMTP Server, PHPMailer

I have an PHP Forum `(vanilla forums)` and for its registration emails I installed `Postfix`. Now As I figured it out, vanilla forums uses `PHPMailer` for email sending procedure.   Now my questions are:   * Is `Postfix` an `SMTP Server`? Could it fulfill the requirements that `PHPMailer` needs to send registration emails?    * Should I install a separate `SMTP Server` for this kind jobs? (i.e scripts like `PHPMailer` that need `SMTP Server`). If yes Which `SMTP Server` should I install?   * Does installing a separate `SMTP Server` conflict with `Postfix`?


Apache installation configuration can't find PCRE? ( pcre-config for libpcre not found )

These are the requirements and instructions on how to install Apache on Linux. http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/install.html So I've installed everything (`c++ compiler`, `apr` and `apr-util`) to be able to install Apache correctly. The only thing left is PCRE, I've installed it and it's located in my `/usr/local/src/pcre-8.32` As I'm trying to `sudo ./configure --with-included-apr` I get this error:               checking for pcre-config... false     configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/ What am I doing wrong?


Trying to install 32-bit java plugin on Centos 6.5 64-bit mozilla firefox

Long story short, my employer's webstart VPN requires 32-bit java to launch. I managed to get this working on a 64-bit CentOS 5.6 vm, but I cannot remember what I did or it's not working on 6.5... Anyway, I installed Oracle's 32-bit `java` in `/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11-32-bit` I have these links:               /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so -> /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11-32-bit/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so     /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so -> /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11-32-bit/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so     ~/.mozilla/libjavaplugin.so -> /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11-32-bit/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so      And they're all intact. The 64-bit java plugin worked (it was in `/usr/lib64/mozilla`)—I got rid of that, first. `/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_11-32-bit/jre/bin/java` works ok, so I think I have all the compat libs.


Nas4free (freeBSD) wont make it past bootloader without keyboard?

I've got an old Compaq machine re-purposed as a Home NAS using Nas4free. I've had it connected up to a monitor and keyboard (PS/2) for a while, (which boots fine, no issues) but I would like to have it boot and run with no peripherals. However when I remove the keyboard, it never gets past the bootloader screen. Specifically, this is what it says:               -     FreeBSD/x86 boot     Default: 0:ad(0,a)/boot/loader     boot: 7      Now I've been through the BIOS settings, there isn't an option to not check for a keyboard, nor is there an option to not halt on error. I should mention that I was originally running _FreeNAS 8_ , however due to issues with plugins and the like I've moved to nas4Free (the old _FreeNAS 7_ ). This issue was _not_ present using FreeNAS 8. **Further Info** :   * _Nas4free_ version 9.1.01 (based on _FreeBSD_ 9.1 RELEASE) See here   * x86 Pentium III, 800mhz   * 512 MB RAM Am I on the right track, is this a "your keyboard must be connected" issue, or is it something else? Is there a possible workaround?


How does systemd survive a kill -9?

Between the recent "Why does 'kill -9 0' end my console session" and "How to get a kernel panic" questions, I got a bur under my saddle and tried `kill -9 1` on a mostly up-to-date Arch linux laptop. I did it as user ID "root". I fully expected some kind of crash or panic or shutdown, but nothing happened. I did `kill -9 1` again, to no effect. Arch linux machines run `systemd` these days, so: how does `systemd` survive a kill -9? I expect there's special case code in the Linux 3.7 kernel, but maybe some other reason exists that I haven't thought of. What about other things that run with PID 1? Slackware still uses `init` I believe, but I'm scared to try it on my production Slackware server. DD-WRT on my wireless router runs /sbin/init of some sort.


How to run linux on PS3?

I'm learning numeric computation and have a Core i5, 4gb laptop which I find to be slow for some tasks. I've read that a single PS3 has the processing power of 30 clustered PCs. Basically I'm thinking of purchasing a PS and installing Linux on it and then running my python programs on it. I've read that Sony has disabled the ability to install Linux with firmware update 3.21 Is there a way to run Linux on recent versions of PS? Is there a hack around the new limitation? If I went out and bought one would I be able to run Linux or not?


Tool to reduce a partition's size and create a new one from the command-line

At the moment I don't have any free space:               (parted) mkpart      Partition type? primary/extended? primary      File system type? [ext2]? ext4      Start? 60G     End? 62.9G     Warning: You requested a partition from 60.0GB to 62.9GB.      The closest location we can manage is 250GB to 250GB.          Disk /dev/sda: 250GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B     Partition Table: msdos     Disk Flags:          Number Start End Size Type File system Flags     1 2097kB 62.9GB 62.9GB primary ntfs     2 62.9GB 63.4GB 524MB primary ext4     3 63.4GB 250GB 187GB primary boot, lvm      I want to reduce the size of an NTFS partition (1) so I can make a new one. I need a console tool like `parted`, not a GUI like `gparted`.


Duplicity causing rootfs to fill up with deleted files

I've been using Duply with Duplicity to send incremental backups to Amazon S3 from my Ubuntu machine. I noticed it caused about twice as much data going out from S3 to the internet which is strange because I only send data to S3. When I ran `ps ax | grep duply` I noticed Duply was started about a 100 times or more. Which might cause this. I can't seem to figure out why this happens. Today the rootfs which is 20 GB in size filled up completely with deleted files from Duplicity. When I ran `lsof +L1` I saw a huge list of deleted files being held open in /tmp. So I killed every single one of the Duply processes and my lost disk space was instantly back. My root crontab:               # Daily backups     *  2  *  *  *       duply website backup && echo /home/website backup done!     30 2  *  *  *       duply mysql backup && echo /home/mysqldump backup done!     45 2  *  *  *       duply files backup && echo /data/files backup done!     *  3  *  *  *       duply storage backup && echo /data/storage backup done!      I believe this it setup so it runs at 2 AM, 2:30, 2:45 and 3 AM. The largest back-up takes about 15 minutes and is the last one which runs at 3AM daily.


Turn on Swap after resize /

I resized with lvresize the swap from 4 to 2G and can't turn it on.               swapon /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap     swapon: /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap: swapon failed: Invalid argument          lvdisplay /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap       --- Logical volume ---       LV Name                /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap       VG Name                VolGroup       LV UUID                h7DEfK-cdVr-UzeQ-8qDJ-rAhH-ejYS-k2wyY6       LV Write Access        read/write       LV Status              available       # open                 0       LV Size                2.06 GiB       Current LE             66       Segments               1       Allocation             inherit       Read ahead sectors     auto       - currently set to     256       Block device           253:1


which DE to use for setting up defaults

I'll use awesomewm as my main DE but without installing any actual DE(like KDE, GNOME, XFCE etc) I have to setup too many basic stuff like mouse cursor themes, gtk/qt theme engines and themes, clipboard manager, sound manager, screen manager(like lxrandr, arandr etc.), auto-mounter ... Now I was thinking if it's possible to just install a DE and get it's settings for those, and then move to awesomewm with all those settings are set up. Is it possible, and if so, which DE do you recommend for that purpose ?


How do I change XFCE tiling to maximize on top edge?

In XFCE 4.10, you can enable an option that allows windows to tile automatically when dragged to the edges. The default is to tile to half the screen (half-top, half-bottom, half-left, or half-right). I want to change this so that dragging to the top edge maximizes a window, but I don't see any options in the settings anywhere to change this. Can this be done or am I out of luck here?


How to set up hjkl for less?

`less` already uses j/k for vertical scrolling, but not h/l for horizontal scrolling (in `\--ch` mode). The l key isn't bound to anything anyway, and h is just a synonym for H, so I wouldn't overwrite any important bindings. How can I make h and l scroll horizontally?


How to get switch MAC address if it's a layer2 one?

arp -a      doesn't show it. How can I get the MAC of it then? (on ex.: from a Linux)


How to make vi working in single-user-mode?

When booting FreeBSD (I use 8.4-amd64) in single-user mode, mounting root filesystem in RW mode and trying to `vi` some text file, I get all of this file contents in one line. This makes `vi` unavailing to edit text configs. ![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/tKGSC.png) ![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/N89Lm.png) When running multi-user, all works OK. How to fix this?


Autojump auto-complete feature does not work

On my configuration, autojump _autocomplete_ feature does not seem to work. To be clear, autojump works properly, only the autocomplete feature fails to work. When I press the `<TAB>` key, the autocompletion menu is not displayed but the directory name I typed is partially enclosed in quotes. Here is what happens. **Note that after typing liba, I pressed the`<TAB>` key multiple times**. I would have expected autojump to cycle through `/tmp/liba1` and `/tmp/liba2`. Also not that `/tmp/liba2` only appears after I pressed the`<ENTER>` key. ![Autojump autocompletion attempt](http://i.stack.imgur.com/cF6nQ.gif) I am using :   * Konsole 2.12.4 (KDE 4.12.4) (but I have the same issue with xterm)   * Liquidprompt   * Bash 4.3.11   * Autojump 21.6.9 Here is the bottom of my `.bashrc` file :               # Alias definitions.     # You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like     # ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.     # See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.          if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then         . ~/.bash_aliases     fi          # enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable     # this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile     # sources /etc/bash.bashrc).     if ! shopt -oq posix; then       if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then         . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion       elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then         . /etc/bash_completion       fi     fi          # Liquidprompt     source ~/.liquidprompt/liquidprompt     # Autojump     . /usr/share/autojump/autojump.bash


Is Debian 6 EOL or not?

I read that support for Debian 6 ended this month. And here I read that there is LTS until 2016. https://www.debian.org/News/2014/20140424 Is this for paying customers only? Or can we safely keep using Debian 6?


Bash script for automatic tar backup of chosen files and directories

Within a given directory in linux environment, I need to pick all _files_ modified after a certain date (let's say 7 days) as well as all _directories_ (only in root directory, hence non recursively) created after the same date. After that, I have to take care of 3 directories which except the last given rule. For these, the process has to be recursive within each of them. In one of these directories, there's a file to be excluded no matter what. Finally, I have to add all the objects matching these patterns to a single .tar archive. Every file/directory must of course keep full relative path within the .tar file (starting from base directory). So let's assume we have:               myHome     |-- normalDir1                  //  older than 7 days     |   |-- blah.txt     |   |-- to_be_excluded_nmw.txt  //  should never be included anyways     |   `-- poems.txt     |-- normalDir2                  //  created yesterday     |   |-- blah2.txt               /*     |   |-- whatever2.txt            *  Since it's a normal directory,     |   |-- whatever3.txt            *  I want to exclude these files from .tar     |   `-- poems2.txt               */       |-- exceptionDirectory1         //  older than 7 days     |   |-- actions                 //  older than 7 days     |   |   `-- power.sh            //  older than 7 days     |   `-- events                  //  older than 7 days     |       |-- deploy.php          //  older than 7 days     |       `-- set.php             //  older than 7 days     |-- exceptionDirectory2         //  older than 7 days     |   |-- actions2     |   |   `-- power2.sh           //  created yesterday     |   `-- events2                 //  older than 7 days     |       |-- deploy2.php         //  created yesterday     |       `-- set2.php            //  older than 7 days     |-- file_to_be_updated.php      //  created yesterday     `-- file_NOT_to_be_updated.php  //  older than 7 days      the resulting .tar should contain:               ./normalDir2/     ./exceptionDirectory2/actions2/power2.sh     ./exceptionDirectory2/events2/deploy2.php     ./file_to_be_updated.php      I've created this script:               #!/bin/bash     TODAY=`date --rfc-3339=date`     FILENAME=$TODAY-package.tar     find ./require ! -name db_connection.php         ! -path ./require -mtime -7 -print | xargs tar cvf `date --rfc-3339=date`-package.tar     find ./img                                       ! -path ./img     -mtime -7 -print | xargs tar uvf `date --rfc-3339=date`-package.tar     find ./plugin                                    ! -path ./plugin  -mtime -7 -print | xargs tar uvf `date --rfc-3339=date`-package.tar     find . -maxdepth 1 ! -name $TODAY-package.tar.gz ! -path .         -mtime -7 -print | xargs tar uvf `date --rfc-3339=date`-package.tar      but it doesn't seem to work properly as it quits almost immediately with this error:               tar: ./img: Impossibile open: Is a directory      Notice "require", "img" and "plugin" being the three special directories to be treated recursively. What's wrong with the script? Thank you for your assistance.


When does `ls -s` print "0"

Of course, the standard way of testing if a file is empty is with `test -s FILE`, but one of our clients have received a script containing tests like this:               RETVAL=`ls -s ./log/cr_trig.log | awk '{print $1}'`     if test $RETVAL -ne 0     then         echo "Badness: Log not empty"         exit 25     fi      with claims from the supplier that it works in the two environments that they have tested it in. Needless to say, it failed badly on both two places that I tested it. So, I got curious. When does `ls -s` print `0` for empty files? This is my findings so far:   * GFS on Linux: 4    * ext4 on Linux: 0    * ZFS on Solaris: 1    * UFS on Solaris: 0    * jfs on AIX : 0   * VxFS on HP-UX: 0   * HFS on HP-UX: 0   * HFS on Mac OS X: 0 I haven't examined networked file systems yet. Question: How can I elegantly explain to the others that their scripts are _wrong_ ? In my opinion, the "correct" version would be:               if test ! -s ./log/cr_trig.log     then         echo "Badness: Log not empty"         exit 25     fi


Fix error in mp3 file

I have an `mp3` file that plays OK on computer but there is a problem to play it on `mp3 player`. ffmpeg shows this:               $ ffmpeg -i file.mp3     [mp3 @ 0x8de72a0] Invalid size in frame , skipping the rest of tag.     [mp3 @ 0x8de72a0] max_analyze_duration reached     [mp3 @ 0x8de72a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate     Input #0, mp3, from 'file.mp3':       Duration: 00:27:44.50, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 55 kb/s         Stream #0.0: Audio: mp3, 22050 Hz, mono, s16, 56 kb/s      Can I fix this problem with some utility? like `ffmpeg` or `mencoder`?


python-pam not working... How to dig for the error?

I have a django application where users should be able to login according to the system's shadow database. I found this login backend which uses python- pam, as far as I can tell. While installing the former makes the login work on my local machine (Arch linux) it doesn't on the server where I want the application to run (Debian Squeeze). The thing is, I don't know how to dig for the error. The authentication just returns false and I cannot find any log files for the PAM library on the system. Where would you start to dig? Update: I found that /var/log/auth.log is used by pam. The following appears when trying to login. (oli is my username):               Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 python: pam_tally(login:auth): unknown option: pam_faildelay.so     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 python: pam_tally(login:auth): unknown option: delay=3000000     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 python: pam_tally(login:auth): Error opening /var/log/faillog for update     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 unix_chkpwd[8070]: check pass; user unknown     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 unix_chkpwd[8070]: password check failed for user (oli)     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 python: pam_unix(login:auth): authentication failure; logname=  uid=33 euid=33 tty= ruser= rhost=  user=oli     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 unix_chkpwd[8071]: check pass; user unknown     Jan  4 15:09:13 pc13620 unix_chkpwd[8071]: password check failed for user (oli)


How do I extract with tar to a different directory?

This doesn't work:               tar xf /tmp/foo.tar.gz foo/bar     tar: foo/bar: Not found in archive      It's not obvious to me what would do this beyond extracting it in place and moving the files over.


Shockwave for Linux: The status today

I cannot for example, run this educational simulation in FF 7.01 Kubuntu 11.04 64-bit. Oh how Macromedia deprives us! I tried Gnash GNU but it doesn't seem to work... I and hundreds of thousands of users lament Macromedia's lack of support for Linux. Why are some companies like Oracle and Nvidia steadfastly committed to providing Linux support while Macromedia, despite calls to support Linux, remain stubbornly opposed? Even if they claim it is not financially viable, there is no excuse not to provide OS-independent support for Mozilla, or disclose source for the opensource community and we will happily do it on behalf of Macromedia. What is the status today, and what are practical solutions for those left out in the cold?


I need to transfer a very large folder over FTP, without creating a file first

I am running an Amazon EC2 instance that is limited in disk space. I have a very large folder that I need to FTP to my local machine, preferably without creating an intermediate tar file, since there might not be enough disk space. Can I use a pipe for this? If so, can someone help me with the command? **Note** While FTP isn't the best way of transferring the files, is my only option in this case.


Installing Arch Linux alongside OS X - Bootloader issues

I have installed Arch Linux alongside my OS X install on my MBP 11,1 using the guide found here, however on the last three commands of the boot loader section I get the error `/usr/sbin/grub2-probe: error: failed to get canonical path of 'rootfs'` Thus when I attempt to boot my Linux partition I get the error `error: file '/vmlinuz-linux' not found. out of range pointer 0x20` Here is my partition setup: `/dev/disk0 #: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER 0: GUID_partition_scheme *121.3 GB disk0 1: EFI EFI 209.7 MB disk0s1 2: Apple_CoreStorage 80.7 GB disk0s2 3: Apple_Boot Recovery HD 650.0 MB disk0s3 4: Apple_HFS disk0s4 134.2 MB disk0s4 5: 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 209.7 MB disk0s5 6: 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 12.9 GB disk0s6 7: 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 26.4 GB disk0s7 /dev/disk1 #: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER 0: Apple_HFS OS X *80.3 GB disk1` Anyone know how I can fix my bootloader setup to work? Or a different setup that would be better suited for my setup?


Problem with executing Firefox version 9.0.1

I cannot run firefox version 9.0.1. When i try to execute the binary `firefox` I get an error `-bash: ./firefox: cannot execute binary file`. The info returned by `file` is as follows:               firefox: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV),     dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, stripped      The system info returned by `uname -r` is:               2.6.37      It might be worth mentioning that I do not have administrator rights on this machine (I have a shell account). I am downloading the file from the following web page: http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/all.html (file name `firefox-9.0.1.tar.bz2`) Then I am extracting the file into my home folder using `tar xvf firefox-9.0.1.tar.bz2`. Then I go into the `firefox` directory and try to execute by typing `./firefox`. After that I get the aforementioned error. The file `firefox` of course have the rights to be executed (`x`). Does anyone have any idea why I cannot execute the browser?


Problem with meta key on Emacs

I have a problem with meta key in Emacs. I trying to use M-> or M-< but in fedora meta key is left Alt that is key change layout (alt+shift) when i press M->(alt+shift+>). How people solve this problem? (Conflict key problem)


How to edit authorized_keys?

What is the best method for editing the `/root/.ssh/authorized_keys` file? I mean if I need to append a new key to my `authorized_keys` file, than what are the best methods to do that?


How to start an application on a different workspace?

I need to start a GUI application [Lotus Symphony] on a workspace different from the currently used one. [ex.: there are 4 workspaces on a GNOME desktop.] Q: How do I do this? p.s.: It's needed because Lotus Symphony's first start after a reboot is very, very slow, but after it's been used once, it starts very quickly. I think it caches itself. That's why I want to start it at every boot on a different workspace, so it will be fast later if I need to use it.


su - username -c "./script.sh" -> no such file or directory

We have:   1. a user nico.   2. a folder `/home/nico/script_home` with some bash scripts:     1. `main.sh`     2. `subscripta.sh`     3. `sqlscripta.sh`   3. We connect as root and cd `/home/nico/script_home/`   4. Finally we run `./main.sh` We get as a result:   1. `subscripta.sh` - no such file or directory   2. The sql script works fine I noticed that `su - nico -c "pwd"` returns `/home/nico/` So I tried changing `main.sh` to `./script_home/subscripta.sh` but to no avail. What is the right syntax to avoid the no such file or directory error when running a script with su -?               #main.sh     su - nico -c "./subscripta.sh"     su - nico -c "sqlplus username/pass@some_oracle_db @script_home/sqlscripta.sql"


Giving some users only SSH and shell access with limited resource usage

I'm trying to make a user that can access my server through SSH and allow it to have a shell, limited to using only, say screen and irssi. And it shouldn't it be able to see other directories except it's home folder and sub directories within it. And the usage of memory/cpu should be limited to a certain amount. How should I go about implementing it on a Centos 6.1 server?


Fastest way to get list of all file sizes

I'm trying to create a graph of the distribution of file sizes on my ext4 system. I'm trying to write a script to scrape this information from my computer somehow. I don't care where the files are stored in the directory structure, only how much space each takes up. I know file sizes are stored in the inode metadata, and it seems like it might be pretty fast to read through the inode table, if such a thing exists. Does anyone know of a C API for accessing the size of files, or reading directly from the inode table? Does anyone know where the inode table is stored?


Install Rails on linux

I am trying to install Ruby on Rails and I have followed the following link for the install https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to- install-ruby-on-rails-on-ubuntu-12-04-lts-precise-pangolin-with-rvm. This link was helpful; I was able to run it, and everything, however as soon has I restarted the computer I then go into my apps and run it again with rails and this message occurs.               The program 'rails' is currently not installed.  You can install it by typing:     sudo apt-get install rails      But work before, what should I do, do I need to set the path of somesort? I am not that great in Linux so bear with me. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 desktop and my user is `john`.


Debian 7 black screen after loading OS

I have laptop Sony Vaio VPCCA with Debian Wheezy(7.1) installed as second OS. It worked fine for few weeks but now if I try to start Debian, there is all the loading stuff and when the GUI should start, the screen just goes black. Somebody has recomended me to check the `/var/log/X*log` file in recovery mode but I didn't find anything bad in it. Here's the `/var/log/X*log`               [    34.965]      X.Org X Server 1.12.4     Release Date: 2012-08-27     [    34.965] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0     [    34.965] Build Operating System: Linux 3.10-3-amd64 x86_64 Debian     [    34.965] Current Operating System: Linux debian-vaico 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.51-1 x86_64     [    34.965] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-amd64 root=UUID=a5652e6e-7a3f-4b9e-a33e-b2000ae46c1e ro quiet     [    34.965] Build Date: 21 October 2013  04:49:48PM     [    34.965] xorg-server 2:1.12.4-6+deb7u1 (Moritz Muehlenhoff <jmm@debian.org>)      [    34.965] Current version of pixman: 0.26.0     [    34.965]    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org         to make sure that you have the latest version.     [    34.965] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,         (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,         (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.     [    34.965] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sun Dec 15 09:28:41 2013     [    35.100] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"     [    35.100] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"     [    35.273] (==) ServerLayout "aticonfig Layout"     [    35.273] (**) |-->Screen "aticonfig-Screen[0]-0" (0)     [    35.273] (**) |   |-->Monitor "aticonfig-Monitor[0]-0"     [    35.274] (**) |   |-->Device "aticonfig-Device[0]-0"     [    35.274] (==) Automatically adding devices     [    35.274] (==) Automatically enabling devices     [    35.458] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.     [    35.458]    Entry deleted from font path.     [    35.483] (WW) The directory "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType" does not exist.     [    35.483]    Entry deleted from font path.     [    35.483] (==) FontPath set to:         /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,         /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled,         /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled,         /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,         /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi,         /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi,         built-ins     [    35.483] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"     [    35.483] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.         If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.     [    35.483] (II) Loader magic: 0x7fc315dfeae0     [    35.483] (II) Module ABI versions:     [    35.483]    X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4     [    35.483]    X.Org Video Driver: 12.1     [    35.483]    X.Org XInput driver : 16.0     [    35.483]    X.Org Server Extension : 6.0     [    35.485] (--) PCI:*(0:1:0:0) 1002:6760:104d:9081 rev 0, Mem @ 0xe0000000/268435456, 0xf7e20000/131072, I/O @ 0x0000d000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072     [    35.485] (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket)     [    35.485] (II) "extmod" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) "dbe" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) "glx" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) "record" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) "dri" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) "dri2" will be loaded by default.     [    35.485] (II) LoadModule: "extmod"     [    35.690] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libextmod.so     [    35.729] (II) Module extmod: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    35.729]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.0.0     [    35.729]    Module class: X.Org Server Extension     [    35.729]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    35.729] (II) Loading extension SELinux     [    35.729] (II) Loading extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER     [    35.729] (II) Loading extension XFree86-VidModeExtension     [    35.729] (II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA     [    35.730] (II) Loading extension DPMS     [    35.730] (II) Loading extension XVideo     [    35.730] (II) Loading extension XVideo-MotionCompensation     [    35.730] (II) Loading extension X-Resource     [    35.730] (II) LoadModule: "dbe"     [    35.730] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdbe.so     [    35.752] (II) Module dbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    35.752]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.0.0     [    35.752]    Module class: X.Org Server Extension     [    35.752]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    35.752] (II) Loading extension DOUBLE-BUFFER     [    35.752] (II) LoadModule: "glx"     [    35.752] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so     [    36.010] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    36.010]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.0.0     [    36.010]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    36.010] (==) AIGLX enabled     [    36.013] (II) Loading extension GLX     [    36.013] (II) LoadModule: "record"     [    36.014] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/librecord.so     [    36.031] (II) Module record: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    36.031]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.13.0     [    36.031]    Module class: X.Org Server Extension     [    36.031]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    36.031] (II) Loading extension RECORD     [    36.031] (II) LoadModule: "dri"     [    36.031] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri.so     [    36.063] (II) Module dri: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    36.063]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.0.0     [    36.063]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    36.063] (II) Loading extension XFree86-DRI     [    36.063] (II) LoadModule: "dri2"     [    36.063] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri2.so     [    36.064] (II) Module dri2: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    36.064]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.2.0     [    36.064]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 6.0     [    36.064] (II) Loading extension DRI2     [    36.064] (II) LoadModule: "fglrx"     [    36.064] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so     [    36.374] (II) Module fglrx: vendor="FireGL - AMD Technologies Inc."     [    36.374]    compiled for 1.4.99.906, module version = 12.10.5     [    36.374]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver     [    36.375] (II) Loading sub module "fglrxdrm"     [    36.375] (II) LoadModule: "fglrxdrm"     [    36.375] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/linux/libfglrxdrm.so     [    36.406] (II) Module fglrxdrm: vendor="FireGL - AMD Technologies Inc."     [    36.406]    compiled for 1.4.99.906, module version = 12.10.5     [    36.406] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Version Identifier:12.10.05     [    36.406] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Release Identifier: 12.104                                    [    36.406] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Build Date: Mar 28 2013 21:07:25     [    36.406] (++) using VT number 7          [    36.416] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fglrx     [    36.612] (II) Loading PCS database from /etc/ati/amdpcsdb /etc/ati/amdpcsdb.default     [    36.632] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    36.632] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    36.632] ukiOpenByBusid: Searching for BusID PCI:1:0:0     [    36.632] ukiOpenDevice: node name is /dev/ati/card0     [    36.632] ukiOpenDevice: open result is 8, (OK)     [    37.447] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiOpenMinor returns 8     [    37.447] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiGetBusid reports PCI:1:0:0     [    37.540] (--) Chipset Supported AMD Graphics Processor (0x6760) found     [    37.551] (WW) fglrx: No matching Device section for instance (BusID PCI:0@1:0:1) found     [    37.552] (II) AMD Video driver is running on a device belonging to a group targeted for this release     [    37.552] (II) AMD Video driver is signed     [    37.553] (II) fglrx(0): pEnt->device->identifier=0x7fc31790ba10     [    37.553] (II) fglrx(0): === [xdl_xs112_atiddxPreInit] === begin     [    37.553] (II) Loading sub module "vgahw"     [    37.553] (II) LoadModule: "vgahw"     [    37.553] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libvgahw.so     [    37.573] (II) Module vgahw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    37.573]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 0.1.0     [    37.573]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 12.1     [    37.573] (**) fglrx(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32     [    37.573] (II) fglrx(0): Pixel depth = 24 bits stored in 4 bytes (32 bpp pixmaps)     [    37.573] (==) fglrx(0): Default visual is TrueColor     [    37.573] (**) fglrx(0): Option "DPMS" "true"     [    37.573] (==) fglrx(0): RGB weight 888     [    37.573] (II) fglrx(0): Using 8 bits per RGB      [    37.573] (==) fglrx(0): Buffer Tiling is ON     [    37.574] (II) Loading sub module "fglrxdrm"     [    37.574] (II) LoadModule: "fglrxdrm"     [    37.574] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/linux/libfglrxdrm.so     [    37.574] (II) Module fglrxdrm: vendor="FireGL - AMD Technologies Inc."     [    37.574]    compiled for 1.4.99.906, module version = 12.10.5     [    37.578] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    37.578] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    37.578] ukiOpenByBusid: Searching for BusID PCI:1:0:0     [    37.578] ukiOpenDevice: node name is /dev/ati/card0     [    37.578] ukiOpenDevice: open result is 11, (OK)     [    37.578] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiOpenMinor returns 11     [    37.578] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiGetBusid reports PCI:1:0:0     [    37.578] (**) fglrx(0): NoAccel = NO     [    37.578] (**) fglrx(0): AMD 2D Acceleration Architecture enabled     [    37.578] (--) fglrx(0): Chipset: "AMD Radeon HD 6400M Series" (Chipset = 0x6760)     [    37.578] (--) fglrx(0): (PciSubVendor = 0x104d, PciSubDevice = 0x9081)     [    37.578] (==) fglrx(0): board vendor info: third party graphics adapter - NOT original AMD     [    37.578] (--) fglrx(0): Linear framebuffer (phys) at 0xe0000000     [    37.578] (--) fglrx(0): MMIO registers at 0xf7e20000     [    37.579] (--) fglrx(0): I/O port at 0x0000d000     [    37.579] (==) fglrx(0): ROM-BIOS at 0x000c0000     [    37.591] (II) fglrx(0): AC Adapter is used     [    37.620] (II) fglrx(0): Primary V_BIOS segment is: 0xc000     [    37.705] (II) Loading sub module "vbe"     [    37.705] (II) LoadModule: "vbe"     [    37.706] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libvbe.so     [    37.719] (II) Module vbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    37.719]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.1.0     [    37.719]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 12.1     [    37.720] (II) fglrx(0): VESA BIOS detected     [    37.720] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE Version 3.0     [    37.720] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE Total Mem: 16384 kB     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE OEM: AMD ATOMBIOS     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE OEM Software Rev: 13.9     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE OEM Vendor: (C) 1988-2010, AMD Technologies Inc.      [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE OEM Product: SEYMOUR     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): VESA VBE OEM Product Rev: 01.00     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): AMD Video BIOS revision 9 or later detected     [    37.721] (--) fglrx(0): Video RAM: 524288 kByte, Type: DDR3     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): PCIE card detected     [    37.721] (--) fglrx(0): Using per-process page tables (PPPT) as GART.     [    37.721] (WW) fglrx(0): board is an unknown third party board, chipset is supported     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): [FB] MC range(MCFBBase = 0xf00000000, MCFBSize = 0x20000000)     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): RandR 1.2 support is enabled!     [    37.721] (II) fglrx(0): RandR 1.2 rotation support is enabled!     [    37.721] (==) fglrx(0): Center Mode is disabled      [    37.721] (II) Loading sub module "fb"     [    37.721] (II) LoadModule: "fb"     [    37.721] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so     [    37.735] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"     [    37.735]    compiled for 1.12.4, module version = 1.0.0     [    37.735]    ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4     [    37.735] (II) Loading sub module "ddc"     [    37.735] (II) LoadModule: "ddc"     [    37.735] (II) Module "ddc" already built-in     [    37.961] (II) fglrx(0): Output LVDS using monitor section aticonfig-Monitor[0]-0     [    37.961] (II) fglrx(0): Output DFP1 has no monitor section     [    37.961] (II) fglrx(0): Output CRT1 has no monitor section     [    37.961] (II) Loading sub module "ddc"     [    37.961] (II) LoadModule: "ddc"     [    37.961] (II) Module "ddc" already built-in     [    37.961] (II) fglrx(0): Connected Display0: LVDS     [    37.961] (II) fglrx(0):  Display0: Failed to get EDID information.      [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID for output LVDS     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Manufacturer: AUO  Model: 223c  Serial#: 0     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Year: 2010  Week: 0     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID Version: 1.3     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Digital Display Input     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Max Image Size [cm]: horiz.: 31  vert.: 17     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Gamma: 2.20     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): No DPMS capabilities specified     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Supported color encodings: RGB 4:4:4 YCrCb 4:4:4      [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): First detailed timing is preferred mode     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): redX: 0.590 redY: 0.345   greenX: 0.340 greenY: 0.570     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): blueX: 0.150 blueY: 0.120   whiteX: 0.313 whiteY: 0.329     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Manufacturer's mask: 0     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Supported detailed timing:     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): clock: 72.0 MHz   Image Size:  309 x 173 mm     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): h_active: 1366  h_sync: 1404  h_sync_end 1426 h_blank_end 1466 h_border: 0     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): v_active: 768  v_sync: 771  v_sync_end 777 v_blanking: 818 v_border: 0     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Unknown vendor-specific block f     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):  AUO     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):  B140XW02 V2     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID (in hex):     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     00ffffffffffff0006af3c2200000000     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     00140103801f11780a10b59758579226     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     1e505400000001010101010101010101     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     010101010101201c5664500032302616     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     360035ad100000180000000f00000000     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     00000000000000000020000000fe0041     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     554f0a202020202020202020000000fe     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0):     004231343058573032205632200a00fc     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID vendor "AUO", prod id 8764     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Printing DDC gathered Modelines:     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1366x768"x0.0   72.00  1366 1404 1426 1466  768 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz eP)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Printing probed modes for output LVDS     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1366x768"x60.0   72.00  1366 1404 1426 1466  768 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1360x768"x60.0   72.00  1360 1404 1426 1466  768 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1280x768"x60.0   72.00  1280 1404 1426 1466  768 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1280x720"x60.0   72.00  1280 1404 1426 1466  720 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1024x768"x60.0   72.00  1024 1404 1426 1466  768 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "1024x600"x60.0   72.00  1024 1404 1426 1466  600 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "800x600"x60.0   72.00  800 1404 1426 1466  600 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "800x480"x60.0   72.00  800 1404 1426 1466  480 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Modeline "640x480"x60.0   72.00  640 1404 1426 1466  480 771 777 818 -hsync -vsync (49.1 kHz)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID for output DFP1     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): EDID for output CRT1     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Output LVDS connected     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Output DFP1 disconnected     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Output CRT1 disconnected     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Using exact sizes for initial modes     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Output LVDS using initial mode 1366x768     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Display dimensions: (310, 170) mm     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): DPI set to (111, 114)     [    37.962] (II) fglrx(0): Eyefinity capable adapter detected.     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): Adapter AMD Radeon HD 6400M Series has 4 configurable heads and 1 displays connected.     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0):  PseudoColor visuals disabled     [    37.963] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac"     [    37.963] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac"     [    37.963] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0): NoDRI = NO     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0): Capabilities: 0x00000000     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0): CapabilitiesEx: 0x00000000     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0): OpenGL ClientDriverName: "fglrx_dri.so"     [    37.963] (==) fglrx(0): UseFastTLS=0     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): Shadow Primary option: ShadowPrimary is enabled     [    37.963] (--) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp     [    37.963] (II) Loading extension ATIFGLRXDRI     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): doing swlDriScreenInit     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): swlDriScreenInit for fglrx driver     [    37.963] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    37.963] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    37.963] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 252     [    37.963] ukiOpenByBusid: Searching for BusID PCI:1:0:0     [    37.963] ukiOpenDevice: node name is /dev/ati/card0     [    37.963] ukiOpenDevice: open result is 12, (OK)     [    37.963] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiOpenMinor returns 12     [    37.963] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiGetBusid reports PCI:1:0:0     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] DRM interface version 1.0     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] created "fglrx" driver at busid "PCI:1:0:0"     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] added 8192 byte SAREA at 0x2000     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] mapped SAREA 0x2000 to 0x7fc315a0c000     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] framebuffer handle = 0x3000     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] added 1 reserved context for kernel     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): swlDriScreenInit done     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): Kernel Module Version Information:     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Name: fglrx     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Version: 12.10.5     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Date: Mar 28 2013     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Desc: AMD FireGL DRM kernel module     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): Kernel Module version matches driver.     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): Kernel Module Build Time Information:     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Build-Kernel UTS_RELEASE:        3.2.0-4-amd64     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Build-Kernel MODVERSIONS:        yes     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Build-Kernel __SMP__:            yes     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0):     Build-Kernel PAGE_SIZE:          0x1000     [    37.963] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] register handle = 0x00004000     [    37.987] (II) fglrx(0): DRI initialization successfull     [    38.015] (II) fglrx(0): FBADPhys: 0xf00000000 FBMappedSize: 0x01004000


Error while building Linux module of a wireless driver

I have recently installed Debian Wheezy onto one of my old computers to test it out and to become more familiar with Unix. To my surprise I enjoy the interface very much so far, but I have run into a problem. My problem is that when I go to install my wireless driver I get an error when I type `make`. I have installed the `build-essential` and the `linux-headers` packages, but I still get the problem. My terminal looks like               root@debian:/Wireless-Driver/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008# make     make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-4-686-pae'     CC [M]  /Wireless-Driver/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008/ieee80211/ieee80211_rx.o     In file included from /Wireless-river/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008/ieee80211/ieee80211_rx.c:46:0:     /Wireless-Driver/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008/ieee80211/ieee80211.h:2107:24: error: field ‘ps_task’ has incomplete type         make[4]: *** [/Wireless-Driver/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008/ieee80211/ieee80211_rx.o] Error 1     make[3]: *** [_module_/Wireless-Driver/rtl8192u_linux_2.6.0006.1031.2008/ieee80211] Error 2     make[2]: *** [sub-make] Error 2     make[1]: *** [all] Error 2     make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-4-686-pae'     make: *** [all] Error 2      Sorry in advance for the horrible style. My wireless adapter is a D'link DWA 130C


What are the differences between socket polling mechanisms of kqueue and epolling?

kqueue socket polling mechanism is used in FreeBSD and epolling in Linux. I would like to know what are the differences between the two mechanisms?


Package `varka' not found when installing Marlin of Fedora 17

I'm trying to install the Marlin file browser. I've already installed many required packages but I don't know what to do about this varka error. Here is the output from cmake (the previous step) and make (the error-producing step).               [zzz@localhost build]$ cmake ..     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.16.0     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- checking for module 'unity>=4.0.0'     --   package 'unity>=4.0.0' not found     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.11.3     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.16.0     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.16.0     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.12.0     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- checking for a minimum Vala version of 0.16.0     --   found Vala, version 0.16.1     -- GSettings schemas will be installed locally.     -- GSettings shemas will be compiled.     -- GSettings schemas will be installed into /usr/local/share/glib-2.0/schemas/     -- GSettings schemas will be installed into /usr/local/share/glib-2.0/schemas/     -- Configuring done     -- Generating done     -- Build files have been written to: /home/eric/Downloads/marlin/build          [zzz@localhost build]$ make     [  1%] Generating LocationBar.c, BreadcrumbsElements.c, BreadcrumbsEntry.c, marlinwidgets.vapi, marlinwidgets.h, marlinwidgets_internal.h     error: Package `varka' not found in specified Vala API directories or GObject-Introspection GIR directories     Compilation failed: 1 error(s), 0 warning(s)     make[2]: *** [libwidgets/LocationBar.c] Error 1     make[1]: *** [libwidgets/CMakeFiles/marlinwidgets.dir/all] Error 2     make: *** [all] Error 2


Tablet evdev button event calibration

I have a tablet (Genius G-Pen 340 or UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U), it's detected and initialized as 'evdev tablet catchall'. Problem is that button event 1, simulated on axis 2, is triggered in very inconvenient way. Here is some lines from 'xinput test':               motion a[2]=6      button press   1      motion a[2]=0      button release 1       As you can see, button 1 press happens when axis 2 (Z axis) has value more than 6 and released when its less or equal 0. But that level is about 1 cm above tablet surface, so these events triggered all the time and I can't move mouse cursor without causing button events. Is there any way to calibrate event triggering threshold for axis? Thank you.


Is there a workaround for a lack of scheduler in qbittorrent?

Unlike many other torrent clients, qbittorrent comes without a scheduling tool. Ideally, one can throttle downloads over a certain time of the day, on given days. Is there a workaround for this? Is there a separate scheduling tool I can use to stage qbittorrent? If not, what would be the best scripting solution?


Update kernel at fedora 16 to 17 - How to remove unused files?

I want to update kernel at fedora 16 to 17. So I need to delete unused files.               find /etc /var -name '*?.rpm?*'      Is that enough or need more extensions?


Delete backward until met a char, like alt + bksp

Say my current line was: `/tmp/path/to/file:123` Now I'm at the end of this line, now I want to delete `:123` by pressing some key combination, was that possible? (colon was merely mentioned as an example, it could be other chars, just wondering if I could bind keys to do that) It's similar to what `alt` + `Backspace` does, but more specific on the word separator. Bash or zsh are all welcomed.


Partitioning a 2tb drive

Im new to linux Im planning to install Squeeze on a 2tb hard drive a follows:   * / - 10gb   * swap   * remaining space will contain /home, around 1.9tb i hope, i will try to use as lvm to add my old 1tb drive later My question is: do i have to use GPT? or MBR will be just fine if GPT needed this scheme is good?   * /boot - 150mb   * / - 10gb   * swap   * /home (lvm with remaining space) motherboard is an ASRock G41 btw wich i think doesnt support EFI


How do I find out if I am sudoer?

How does Linux system behave when I am not sudoer? Here is what happens if I try to use sudo:               server:/tmp>$ sudo cal     [sudo] password for user:     Sorry, try again.      Is it possible that I just don't know my password or does this mean that I am not sudoer? (On another machine system printed out that I'm no sudoer and the incident will be reported)


Fedora 17 Freezes on Boot

I have been having issues with Fedora 17 not booting after the latest round of updates. I am able to enter the pass for my disk encryption, the boot logo acts normally but after the animation is complete, the boot fails to progress further. I checked the diagnostics and it seems that there is an issue in plymouth- quit-wait.service. When I check systemctl status on this service, I am informed that the service has been loaded but timed out when start was attempted. I have tried disabling the system using systemctl disable plymouth-quit- wait.service with and without the force option, with no success. I am really lost here, I'm not even sure what exactly isn't working. What can I do to fix this issue, or at least troubleshoot it further?