Causal Inference, Instrumental Variable, Ab Testing, Encouragement Design, Average Treatment Effect.
Balke, A., & Pearl, J. (1997), “Bounds on Treatment Effects From Studies With Imperfect Compliance”, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 92: 1171–1176. Hernán MA, & Robins JM (2020), “Causal Inference: What If”, Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC. Holland, P. W. (1986), “Statistics and