Machine Learning, Data Science, Dimensionality Reduction, Intuition, Linear Algebra.
the closest distance to a along the line defined by b. It’s the ‘amount’ or component of vector a contained in the direction of b. It’s a measure of how close a is to b (in terms of angle). Even its calculation is deceptively simple: if a=(1,2), b=(0.8, 0.6), then this operation can be done using