Image Segmentation, U Mamba, Biomedical Imaging.
evolution of the system’s internal state over time. 2. Observation Equation: This equation relates the observable outputs (measurements) to the internal state of the system. 1. State Equation The state equation is typically represented as: x_{t+1} = F_t x_t + G_t u_t + w_t Where: - x_t is the state