NLP, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, AI.
Mathematically, this can be represented as: βi​(T)=1 for all states i, where T is the final time step. let’s consider a simple Hidden Markov Model (HMM) with two states: ‘Rainy’ and ‘Sunny’. Let’s say we have an observation sequence [‘Play’, ‘Study’, ‘Work’]. We want to find the backward