Data Science, Causal Inference, Statistics, Towards Data Science, Targeted Learning.
the observed cofounders X. This is the same propensity score we mentioned earlier that people use to do matching of individuals. In TMLE, besides the propensity score, we also calculate π₁= P(A=1|X) and π₀ = 1-π₁ for each individual of the study. Step 3. Update initial estimate of E(Y|A, X). In the