Nanotechnology, Nanoelectronics, Quantum Computing, Quantum Dot, Biological Computing.
Dip-Pen Lithography Electron Beam, X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography use a beam of electrons, X-rays or a beam of UV light to etch and/or carve and/or burn features as small as 20nm in a material. Scanning Probe Microscope Lithography uses the electric field created by a Scanning Probe