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= q + 2*(1-q)*q + 3*(1-q)²*q + …. (1-q)*E = (1-q)*q + 2*(1-q)²*q + 3*(1-q)³*q + …. E - (1-q)*E = q + (1-q)*q + (1-q)²*q + …. = q*(1/(1-(1-q)) = q*(1/q) = 1 E*q = 1 or E = 1/q Thus expected number of attempts = 1/(1-p)^N In the above problem, instead of attempting retry on successful servers, the