Data Science, Statistics, Analytics, Experiment, Causality.
E[X|do(V=0)]. Take a look at all the possible paths: V → X V → W ← X V ← U → W ← X The only path that has an edge coming into V is the last one. Break it down into triplets: V ← U → W is a fork, so information flows U → W ← X is a collider, so information gets blocked This path is already blocked