Cryptography, Encryption, Cybersecurity.
multiplying and dividing work with the modulo operations. Let’s try exponentiation. For this, we can have: b = a^x (mod p) If we try x=3 and p=5, we get: >>> (1**3) % 5 1 >>> (2**3) % 5 3 >>> (3**3) % 5 2 >>> (4**3) % 5 4 Thus {1,2,3,4} maps to {1,3,2,4}. But what about the reverse? Well, we need