Monte Carlo, Markov Chains, Metropolis Hastings.
each toss. Each toss is Bernoulli trial with two outcomes Head or Tail. The data is a binomial distribution. The likelihood is p(data|θ) = Binomial(k, n, θ). k is number of heads, n is total toss (n=10 in this example), θ is p(Head). Posterior Posterior is the probability of getting p(Head) = θ