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P⊕(Xp, -Yp) = O. The point (Xp, -Yp) is the negative of P, denoted by ⊖P. For example, in E(F11) if P = (5, 4), then ⊖P = (5, -4) = (5, 7) since -4 ≡ 7 mod 11, which is also in E(F11). If P = (Xp, Yp) and Q = (Xq, Yq) with P ≠ ⊖Q, then R = P⊕Q = (Xr, Yr) is in E(F11) and determined by the following