Causal Inference, Instrumental Variable, Ab Testing, Encouragement Design, Average Treatment Effect.
subject, it is known how they behaved under assignment (X | Z = 1) and under non-assignment (X | Z = 0), as well as their potential outcomes after treatment (Y | X = 1) and under non-treatment (Y | X = 0). Complete knowledge of both potential outcomes enables the identification of the ATE. White