Reinforcement Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Data Science, Statistics.
formula involves selecting actions based on their upper confidence bound, given by the formula: Here, \( \ln t \) represents the natural logarithm of t, \( N_t(a) \) is the number of times action a has been selected before time t, and c > 0 controls the degree of exploration. If \( N_t(a) = 0 \),