Quantum Physics, Quantum Computing, Quantum Mechanics, Computer Science.
that , Derivation for polar co-ordinate However, the only measurable quantities are the probabilities |α|² and |β|² , so multiplying the state by an arbitrary factor e^(iγ) (a global phase) has no observable consequences, because: Equation 1.1 and similarly for |β|². So, we are free to multiply our