Linear Algebra, Matrix, Mathematics, Math, Machine Learning.
Case 1: Angle is 90°: If X and Y are perpendicular (at a 90-degree angle), the length of D is the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by X, Y, and D. This makes the dot product of x and y 0. Case 2: Angle > 90°: If the angle between X and Y is greater than 90 degrees, X and Y are working