Quantum Physics, Quantum Computing, Quantum Mechanics, Computer Science.
+ x² + y² = 1 which is the equation of a unit sphere in real 3D space with cartesian coordinates (x, y, r_α). Cartesian coordinates are related to polar coordinates by: x = r sinθcos ϕ y = r sinθsin ϕ z = r cos θ so renaming r_α to z in equation 1.2 , and remembering that r = 1, we can write: |ψ’ ⟩