Statístics, Metrology, Measurement, Least Square Method, Normal Distribution.
(ME). Although it is now a simple problem, the Gauss problem is to determine n unknown parameters of a known functional form with given N(>n) measurements, which is inevitably accompanied by the ME. In modern style, the problem can be rewritten as y = f(x) + e, or y_i = f(x_i) + e_i for i=1,2,…,N