Machine Learning, Causal Inference, Meta Learning, Instruments, Observational Studies.
general mechanism of estimating the response functions separately as the T-learner, “T” being short for “two.” Stage 1: Estimate the average outcome μ₀(x) and μ₁(x) where μ₀ (x) = E[ Y(0) | X=x] and μ₁(x) = E[ Y(1) | X=x] using arbitrary machine learning models. Stage 2: Define the CATE estimates