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seems to have disappeared. What does this mean? It means that for λ = 2 as long as x₂ is zero, x₁ can equal anything. [5, 0], [1, 0], and [-3, 0] for instance Similarly, for λ = 1 as long as x₁ is zero, x₂ can equal anything. [0, 2], [0, -1], [0, 8] for instance We express this invariance by