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outputs Dog: 2.1 Cat: -1.5 Bird: 0.8 Now, if sigmoid activation is applied Dog: Sigmoid(2.1) = 0.890 Cat: Sigmoid(−1.5) = 0.182 Bird: Sigmoid(0.8) = 0.689 As you can see, the probabilities are independent of each other (they don’t add upto 1). In this case, we can assign both Dog & Bird to the