Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Data Science, Bioinformatics, Science.
x. if you use NumPy log(x) it will calculate the natural logarithm of x. Fig 12. figure source from: here For a given x, when y= 0, then MLE is ln(1- p(xi)) and if p(xi) is close yi = 0 then the ln(1 — p(xi)) is close to 0. This is what we want if the actual value of y is 0, we want the y-hat to be