Machine Learning, Data Science, Data Visualisation, Linear Algebra, Math.
matrix) is a square matrix. For example, lets assume Z is a 105*3 matrix, where the dataset has 3 columns and 105 rows. Zᵀ will then be a 3*105 matrix (transposed), therefore using basic linear algebra Zᵀ.Z is a (3*105).(105*3) matrix which will equal to a (3*3) matrix. For the second requirement