Causality, Causal Inference, Backdoor, Frontdoor, Instrumental Variable.
imbalance due to the BD variable(s). df$weight <- ifelse(df$x == 1, 1/df$ps_score, 1/(1-df$ps_score)) iptw_fit <- lm(y ~ x, data = df, weights = weight) summary(iptw_fit) The estimate for the simulated data was b_iptw = 0.92, very close to the previous estimates. 4.5 Doubly-Robust Estimates This is