Nanotechnology, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Counterfeiting.
https://www.design-reuse.com/articles/50693/securing-the-ic-supply-chain-integrating-puf-based-hardware-security.html https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1109/access.2015.2503432 https://www.natlawreview.com/article/get-real-preventing-counterfeit-product-blockchain