Probability, Bayes Theorem, Conditional Probability, Inferential Statistics, Probability Distributions.
Step 1: Start with the Prior Probability: P(Disease) = 0.01 Step 2: Calculate the Likelihood: P(Positive Test Result | Disease) = 0.95 Step 3: Compute the Marginal Probability: P(Positive Test Result) = P(Positive Test Result | Disease) * P(Disease) + P(Positive Test Result | No Disease) * P(No