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Sales Managers’ Club 2008 Mallorca, May By Vincent Merk

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Presentation on theme: "Sales Managers’ Club 2008 Mallorca, May By Vincent Merk"— Presentation transcript:

1 Sales Managers’ Club 2008 Mallorca, May 19-21 By Vincent Merk
How to deal with cultural differences in an international business environment Sales Managers’ Club 2008 Mallorca, May 19-21 By Vincent Merk

2 Game: “Tower for the Derdians”
Build a (paper) tower Objectives of the game: Develop cultural awareness Train intercultural sensitivity Train knowledge transfer Develop group dynamics and team spirit Address some cultural dimensions

3 Developing Intercultural Competence: the ability to reconcile seemingly opposing values (by F. Trompenaars) - The 4 Rs: Recognise cultural differences Respect cultural Reconcile cultural Realise and Root

4 A definition… « Culture is a set of beliefs, values, norms or standards, shared by a group of people, which help the individuals to decide what is, what can be, how to feel, what to do and how to go about doing it. » Goodenough But… • Culture is learned ! • Culture is forgotten - we stop being conscious of it • Our culture follows us everywhere – we can’t just take it off and leave it outside !

5 Dividing “here” into 4 levels:
“Culture is the way we do things here” (Deal & Kennedy) Dividing “here” into 4 levels: The personal culture The national culture The professional culture The corporate culture

6 Corporate Culture Incubator Guided missile Egalitarian Person oriented

7 The onion model

8 TROMPENAARS MODEL: Seven Dimensions of Culture
RULES versus EXCEPTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS Universalism versus Particularism INDIVIDUAL versus GROUP ORIENTATION Individualism versus Communitarianism EMOTIONS: CONTROLLING EMOTIONS versus EXPRESSIVE Neutral versus Affective Relationships SEGMENTING versus INTEGRATING RELATIONSHIPS Specific versus Diffuse Relationships STATUS based on: “What you do” versus “Who you are” Achievement versus Ascription TIME Monochronic versus Polychronic RELATIONSHIP with NATURE / ENVIRONMENT Internal Control (dominate nature) versus External Control (part of nature)

You are riding in a car driven by a close friend. It is getting dark outside. He hits a pedestrian crossing the street. You know he was going at least 40 km/h in a residential area where the maximum allowed speed is 30 km/h. There are no witnesses. His lawyer says that if you testify under oath that he was only driving 30 km/h, it may save him from serious consequences. What right does your friend have to expect you to testify to the lower figure? What do you think you would do in view of the obligation of a sworn witness and obligation to your friend?

10 Universalism My friend has no/some right and I would not help
% 1

11 Universalism versus Particularism Issues/problems between the two:
RULES & SYSTEMS EXCEPTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS Obligation to universal systems, contracts “It depends” - The particular situation Positive connotation Consistency Flexibility Negative connotation Rigidity Corruption Issues/problems between the two: The meaning of a contract ‘Objective systems’ from headquarters: focus on global products, systems, documenting vs local adaptation and exceptions


13 Individualism vs Communitarianism Issues/problems between the two:
INDIVIDUAL ORIENTATION GROUP ORIENTATION “I” comes first “We” comes first Positive connotation Personal initiative, Commitment, accountability teamwork Negative connotation Egoism, anarchy Conformism Issues/problems between the two: Reward systems Decision making

14 Encounter Specific and Diffuse
Public Private Private Danger Zone

15 Intercultural communication is:
Verbal vs. non-verbal communication Words, images, song & dance High and low context Create and maintain trust

16 Non-verbal communication - greetings

17 High and low context High context An example: Information cultures
implicitly contained explicitly conveyed An example: A group of Dutch tourists asks a Malaysian if Lumpur is far from here. Seeing they look tired, he sympathises and replies: “No”. After 2 hours of walking, they still have not reached Lumpur. Reaction?

18 High and low context Asian (Chinese, Japanese) High context
Arabic/ Mid. East Latin-American Italian, Spanish Slavic British English French American English Scandinavian German Dutch Swiss-German High context cultures Low context Information implicitly contained explicitly conveyed

19 Communication Commandments:
- Know (some of) the local language: "Impossible is nothing," a sign in Beijing's airport and one of those funny mistranslations of the common phrase, "Nothing is impossible." - Know about the local culture, history, traditions, happenings, events, current news, etc. - Know your partner: job, family, hobbies, background, etc. - And finally… Wonder, observe, listen, absorb, ask, wait, expose, try out, honour, etc.

20 Specific versus Diffuse Issues/problems between the two:
ANALYTIC, SEGMENTING HOLISTIC, INTEGRATED Segmented relationships Connected relationships Positive connotation Easy contact Personal involvement Negative connotation Superficial Formal Blunt Indirect Issues/problems between the two: ‘Losing face’ Explicit / implicit communication styles Different ways of problem solving

21 Achievement versus Ascription
What You Do Who You Are STATUS ?

22 Ascribed Status Family Age Gender Education Position in hierarchy

23 Time perception Monochronic Polychronic

24 Nature: Internal vs External Control
Nature as an organism Subjugation to nature Internal control: Dominance over nature

25 Internal control vs External control Issues/problems between the two:
We control the environment In charge of our own destiny Technology push Harmony with environment Fate, luck Market pull Positive connotation In control Adaptive Negative connotation Dominant, arrogant Fate used as an excuse Issues/problems between the two: Perceive the other as weak or as arrogant Different ways of strategising, planning

26 A few recommendations:
In international business, it always takes 2 to… Tango!

27 Beware of stereotyping…

28 Don’t take too much for granted !

29 Don’t go native, trying:“When in Holland, do as the Dutch do…”!

30 But just be yourself…

31 …and adapt to the local situation!

32 And watch your language!
The language of international business is… …BAD English!!

Download ppt "Sales Managers’ Club 2008 Mallorca, May By Vincent Merk"
 Cultural Frameworks. Culture Values and perspectives shared by people who are conditioned by similar education and life experience Regional: country, area, community Religion: Intercultural knowledge and language awareness The approaches of Hofstede and Trompenaar Cultural Competency and Diversity Training. Child & Family Services is committed to: Recruiting a diverse staff that reflects the communities we serve; What is intercultural business communication? Why is it important? How do you become an effective intercultural communicator? Culture and conflict 1. Why is it important to understand cultural differences when resolving conflict? May completely miss underlying causes and address. Intercultural Management Effective Communication in a Global Environment. Healthful Friendships Pellegrino Riccardi Det Norske Veritas Cross Cultural Communication Culture as a Normal Distribution MGTO 630C Staffing and Managing Human Resources Dr. Christina Sue-Chan Performance Management: Chapter 7 Saturday, March 15, 2003 Please note: This is. Fons Trompenaars and “Riding the Waves of Culture” (1993) Parameters: Relationships and rules; Universalism vs Particularism The group and the individual; Week 7: Cultures in Computer- Supported Collaborative Design Dr. Xiangyu WANG September 8 th 2008. ES2002 Business Communication Intercultural Communication. Communicating Across Cultures Step up to Saxion. Dutch Culture & Language Lecture 1: General introduction about culture. Context & Essay Writing High & Low Context Cultures Discussion & Reflection Implications for writing in English.

  Culture  Premise that one nation equals one society, not necessarily true  Collective programming of a group of people. Learned norms based on attitudes,