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Science Fiction Meets Science Fact Meets Legal Standards

Any fan of science fiction is probably familiar with the Three Laws of Robotics developed by prolific science fiction author, Isaac Asimov:
It's an interesting thought experiment on how we would handle artificial intelligence that could potentially hurt people. But now, with increased capability and use of AI, it's no longer a thought experiment - it's something we need to consider seriously:

[Gabriel] Hallevy [at Ono Academic College in Israel] explores three scenarios that could apply to AI systems.

The second scenario, known as natural probable consequence, occurs when the ordinary actions of an AI system might be used inappropriately to perform a criminal act. The key question here is whether the programmer of the machine knew that this outcome was a probable consequence of its use.

Then there is the issue of defense. If an AI system can be criminally liable, what defense might it use? Could a program that is malfunctioning claim a defense similar to the human defense of insanity? Could an AI infected by an electronic virus claim defenses similar to coercion or intoxication?

But criminal liability may not apply, in which case the matter would have to be settled with civil law. Then a crucial question will be whether an AI system is a service or a product. If it is a product, then product design legislation would apply based on a warranty, for example. If it is a service, then the tort of negligence applies.

Here's the problem with those 3 laws: in order to follow them, the AI must recognize someone as human and be able to differentiate between human and not human. In the article, they discuss a case in which a robot killed a man in a factory, because he was in the way. As far as the AI was concerned, something was in the way and kept it from doing its job. It removed that barrier. It didn't know that barrier was human, because it wasn't programmed to do that. So it isn't as easy as putting a three-laws strait jacket on our AI. by Sara at 12:57 PM Labels: computers, science


