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Menkiti Slide Show HMXP 102 Dr. Fike. Ifeanyi A. Menkiti.

Published byNadia Ashbrook Modified over 4 years ago


Presentation on theme: "Menkiti Slide Show HMXP 102 Dr. Fike. Ifeanyi A. Menkiti."— Presentation transcript:

1 Menkiti Slide Show HMXP 102 Dr. Fike

2 Ifeanyi A. Menkiti

3 Menkitis Life Menkiti was born in Onitsha, Nigeria. He came to the United States to attend Pomona College and went onto Columbia and New York universities for further studies. He earned a Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard and has taught at Wellesley for more than 30 years. He teaches courses in the area of medical ethics, philosophy of law, philosophy and literature and African philosophy. He has produced two previous collections of poetry, Affirmations (1971) and The Jubilation of Falling Bodies (1978). Published widely in African and American journals, including Philosophical Forum, Harvard Educational Review and Journal of the American Academy of Religion, his poetry has been read on National Public Radio and has received an award from the National Endowment for the Arts. Source: http://www.wellesley.edu/PublicAffairs/Releases/2005/0428052.html http://www.wellesley.edu/PublicAffairs/Releases/2005/0428052.html

4 Vocabulary perduring (3) dictum ontology (re. being) epistemology (re. knowledge) plenitude (5) ontological progression (7) ontological status (9) circumscribe (22) sine qua non (23) metaphysics (re. reality) atomic (27)

5 Activity: 7 minutes On the following slide there are seven concepts from Menkitis essay. In groups of 2-3 persons, work together to understand one of these concepts. As you do so, find one or more quotations to support your answer. You will report to the whole class. If you finish your groups concept in the time provided, move on to one of the other concepts.

6 Key Concepts 1.Society Persons (esp. 28) 2.The role of language (3-11) 3.Minimal and maximal views of the person (6) 4."the processual nature of being" (5) 5."a qualitative difference...between old and young" (7) 6.ethical maturitya key difference (14-17) 7.personal immortality vs. collective immortality (11-12)

7 Two More Concepts Existentialism Community

8 Existentialism Sartre was the only self-declared existentialist among the major thinkers. For him the central idea of all existential thought is that existence precedes essence. For Sartre there is no God and therefore no fixed human nature that forces one to act. Man is totally free and entirely responsible for what he makes of himself. It is this freedom and responsibility that, as for Kierkegaard, is the source of man's dread. Source: http://0- www.xreferplus.com.library.winthrop.edu/entry.jsp?xrefid =4272380&secid=.-&hh=1http://0- www.xreferplus.com.library.winthrop.edu/entry.jsp?xrefid =4272380&secid=.-&hh=1

9 Existentialisms Key Points There is no God at the core of existence. The universe is indifferent to human beings. The ultimate reality is not consciousness (Descartes) but existence. Existence precedes essence (meaning). We are completely free to determine own meaning through decision and action. We make decisions based on what brings meaning, not necessarily on what is rational. We are completely responsible for creating our lives meaning.

10 Existentialism vs. Africa Similarities: –Both view "personhood, or selfhood, as something acquired" (21); –and "existence does precede essence" (22). Existentialism: –"emphasis on individuals solely constituting themselves into selves" (22); –"man's freedom...from all determining factors, including even reason" (22). –Infant/child and adult have equivalent ontological status. African thought: –Developing selfhood is related to life in community; –infants and children are NOT equal to adultsthere is "a qualitative difference" (7). Summary: next slide.

11 Summary: Existentialism vs. Africa In the light of the foregoing observations, I take it then that the African view of human personhood and the Existentialist view should not be conflated. Even though both views adopt a dynamic, non-static approach to the problem of definition of human selfhood, the underpinning metaphysical assumptions diverge significantly. Above all, whereas in the African understanding human community plays a crucial role in the individuals acquisition of full personhood, in the Sartrean existentialist view, the individual alone defines the self, or person, he is to become. Such collectivist insistences as we find in the African world-view are utterly lacking in the Existentialist tradition (25).

12 Camus It is a story about the choice Sisyphus can make between melancholy and happiness (par. 7). True, it is absurd to be happy in the face of eternal torment, but existentialisms point is that one makes meaning as one goes along. Meaning, happiness, and well-being are not external constructs; they arise from within us. We choose thema function of point of view.

13 Community What is the difference between the African and the Western conceptions of community? See pars. 26-27.

14 Community Western thought: –Community is a mere collection of self-interested persons; –a community is the aggregated sum of individuals comprising it (26). –A community is a random collection of individuals and a non- organic bringing together of atomic individuals into a unit more akin to an association (27). –The emphasis is on individual rights. African thought: –Communities are collectivities that have an organic dimension to the relationship between the component individuals (27). –The emphasis is on duty.

15 Three Types of Communities How would you illustrate each type? random collections of individuals constituted human groups: a non- organic bringing together of atomic individuals into a unit more akin to an association than to a community collectivities: there is assumed to be an organic dimension to the relationship between the component individuals

16 Large-group Discussion We now need to evaluate Menkitis stark distinction between Western culture and African culture. Is the difference as stark as he believes? In other words, do some of the characteristics that he attributes to African culture also characterize American culture? See next slide.

17 Do you find any of these supposedly African characteristics in America? language and its associated social rules (3) a long process of social and ritual transformation (5) rituals of incorporation (6) the older an individual gets the more of a person he becomes (7) initiation at puberty time (10) Ethical maturity as a part of personhood (14) Animal rights challenge to personhood (19) Society personhood (29)

18 Please Note The items on the previous slide can help you generate paper topics.

19 Final Question Could it be that Menkiti takes a binary (either/or) approach to cultural difference when it would be more appropriate to suggest difference in degree as in a continuum? In other words, is it possible that he has produced a cultural version of the fallacy of false dichotomy? Isnt it possible to take a maximalist view of personhood and still have rituals of incorporation? END

Download ppt "Menkiti Slide Show HMXP 102 Dr. Fike. Ifeanyi A. Menkiti."
 Understanding the Biblical World View. 2 The 4 Basic Questions of Life Where am I? What is the nature of the universe/world? Who am I? What is my nature/task/purpose. Chapter 12 Understanding Work Teams Author: Graeme C. Simsion and Graham C. Witt Chapter 12 Physical Database Design. Sociology 100 Introduction. Office Hours: WF 11:00-Noon, SSB 467 Course website: adamgomez.wordpress.com/teaching/soci100. The Stranger by Albert Camus Overview of Lecture Partitioning Evaluating the Null Hypothesis ANOVA 1 Discreteness and the Welfare Cost of Labour Supply Tax Distortions Keshab Bhattarai University of Hull and John Whalley Universities of Warwick and Western. Holy Trinity: Father, Son, & Holy Spirit Student Wiki Projects Collaborative Communication in Language Learning Ways to Answer The Big Question Part II: Existentialism Creating and Capturing Customer Value Mill’s “Of the Liberty of Thought and Discussion” 1 I am a Community Health Nurse A package for Community Health Nurse practitioners in Western Australia The Community Health Nurse Western Australia Inc. Loury & McIntosh HMXP 102 Dr. Fike. Vocabulary Loury: neophyte (par. 1) irreducible (par. 3) passing (par. 4) intractable (par. 6) dashiki (par. 7) Uncle.

