document: Session level techniques for improving web browsing performance on wireless links Recent observations through experiments that we have performed incurrent third generation wireless networks have revealed that the achieved throughput over wireless links varies widely depending on the application . In particular , the throughput achieved by file transfer application ( FTP ) and web browsing application ( HTTP ) are quite different . The throughput achieved over a HTTP session is much lower than that achieved over an FTP session . The reason for the lower HTTP throughput is that the HTTP protocol is affected by the large Round-Trip Time ( RTT ) across Wireless links . HTTP transfers require multiple TCP connections and DNS lookups before a HTTP page can be displayed . Each TCP connection requires several RTTs to fully open the TCP send window and each DNS lookup requires several RTTs before resolving the domain name to IP mapping . These TCP\/DNS RTTs significantly degrade the performance of HTTP over wireless links . To overcome these problems , we have developed session level optimization techniques to enhance HTTP download mechanisms . These techniques ( a ) minimize the number of DNS lookups over the wireless link and ( b ) minimize the number of TCP connections opened by the browser . These optimizations bridge the mismatch caused by wireless links between application-level protocols ( such as HTTP ) and transport-level protocols ( such asTCP ) . Our solutions do not require any client-side software and can be deployed transparently on a service provider network toprovide 30-50 % decrease in end-to-end user perceived latency and 50-100 % increase in data throughput across wireless links for HTTP sessions .
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