document: Impact of search engines on page popularity Recent studies show that a majority of Web page accesses are referred by search engines . In this paper we study the widespread use of Web search engines and its impact on the ecology of the Web . In particular , we study how much impact search engines have on the popularity evolution of Web pages . For example , given that search engines return currently popular '' pages at the top of search results , are we somehow penalizing newly created pages that are not very well known yet ? Are popular pages getting even more popular and new pages completely ignored ? We first show that this unfortunate trend indeed exists on the Web through an experimental study based on real Web data . We then analytically estimate how much longer it takes for a new page to attract a large number of Web users when search engines return only popular pages at the top of search results . Our result shows that search engines can have an immensely worrisome impact on the discovery of new Web pages .
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