document: Echoes of power : language effects and power differences in social interaction Understanding social interaction within groups is key to analyzing online communities . Most current work focuses on structural properties : who talks to whom , and how such interactions form larger network structures . The interactions themselves , however , generally take place in the form of natural language -- either spoken or written -- and one could reasonably suppose that signals manifested in language might also provide information about roles , status , and other aspects of the group 's dynamics . To date , however , finding domain-independent language-based signals has been a challenge . Here , we show that in group discussions , power differentials between participants are subtly revealed by how much one individual immediately echoes the linguistic style of the person they are responding to . Starting from this observation , we propose an analysis framework based on linguistic coordination that can be used to shed light on power relationships and that works consistently across multiple types of power -- including a more `` static '' form of power based on status differences , and a more `` situational '' form of power in which one individual experiences a type of dependence on another . Using this framework , we study how conversational behavior can reveal power relationships in two very different settings : discussions among Wikipedians and arguments before the U. S. Supreme Court .
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