document: Flickr tag recommendation based on collective knowledge Online photo services such as Flickr and Zooomr allow users to share their photos with family , friends , and the online community at large . An important facet of these services is that users manually annotate their photos using so called tags , which describe the contents of the photo or provide additional contextual and semantical information . In this paper we investigate how we can assist users in the tagging phase . The contribution of our research is twofold . We analyze a representative snapshot of Flickr and present the results by means of a tag characterisation focussing on how users tags photos and what information is contained in the tagging . Based on this analysis , we present and evaluate tag recommendation strategies to support the user in the photo annotation task by recommending a set of tags that can be added to the photo . The results of the empirical evaluation show that we can effectively recommend relevant tags for a variety of photos with different levels of exhaustiveness of original tagging .
doc_bio_tags: B B I O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O