document: Bootstrapping semantics on the web : meaning elicitation from schemas In most web sites , web-based applications ( such as web portals , e-marketplaces , search engines ) , and in the file systems of personal computers , a wide variety of schemas ( such as taxonomies , directory trees , thesauri , Entity-Relationship schemas , RDF Schemas ) are published which ( i ) convey a clear meaning to humans ( e.g. help in the navigation of large collections of documents ) , but ( ii ) convey only a small fraction ( if any ) of their meaning to machines , as their intended meaning is not formally\/explicitly represented . In this paper we present a general methodology for automatically eliciting and representing the intended meaning of these structures , and for making this meaning available in domains like information integration and interoperability , web service discovery and composition , peer-to-peer knowledge management , and semantic browsers . We also present an implementation ( called CtxMatch2 ) of how such a method can be used for semantic interoperability .
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