Participation by representatives from collaborating societies on the expert panel does not necessarily imply individual or society endorsement of the final document. Reprint requests to: publications@acr.org In persons who meet the core clinical criteria for probable AD dementia, biomarker evidence may increase the certainty that the basis of the clinical dementia syndrome is the AD pathophysiological process. The recommendations of the working group did not advocate the use of AD biomarker tests for routine diagnostic purposes [4]. However, this opinion was refined in the 2014 position paper from the International Working Group- 2, which proposed that the diagnosis of AD required an appropriate clinical AD phenotype (typical or atypical) and a pathophysiological marker consistent with AD pathology (including increased tracer retention on amyloid PET), moving amyloid PET into the diagnostic realm. The biomarkers of downstream neuronal injury, such as volumetric MRI and FDG-PET, were considered agents to measure or monitor the course of disease but not for initial diagnosis [8]. The primary role of neuroimaging in the workup of patients with probable or possible AD has typically been to exclude other significant intracranial abnormalities. In general, the imaging findings in structural studies such as MRI are nonspecific but may suggest other forms of dementia. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) has recommended that the routine use of structural neuroimaging, such as a noncontrast CT or MRI examination, may assist with the diagnosis of dementia [9]. Advanced methods, such as volumetric MRI, amyloid PET, and FDG- PET, are not routinely used in community or general practices for the diagnosis or differentiation of forms of dementia [10-12]. CT Head Noncontrast CT head is used as a primary examination to exclude treatable lesions like a mass or subdural hematoma [9].
Dementia. Participation by representatives from collaborating societies on the expert panel does not necessarily imply individual or society endorsement of the final document. Reprint requests to: publications@acr.org In persons who meet the core clinical criteria for probable AD dementia, biomarker evidence may increase the certainty that the basis of the clinical dementia syndrome is the AD pathophysiological process. The recommendations of the working group did not advocate the use of AD biomarker tests for routine diagnostic purposes [4]. However, this opinion was refined in the 2014 position paper from the International Working Group- 2, which proposed that the diagnosis of AD required an appropriate clinical AD phenotype (typical or atypical) and a pathophysiological marker consistent with AD pathology (including increased tracer retention on amyloid PET), moving amyloid PET into the diagnostic realm. The biomarkers of downstream neuronal injury, such as volumetric MRI and FDG-PET, were considered agents to measure or monitor the course of disease but not for initial diagnosis [8]. The primary role of neuroimaging in the workup of patients with probable or possible AD has typically been to exclude other significant intracranial abnormalities. In general, the imaging findings in structural studies such as MRI are nonspecific but may suggest other forms of dementia. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) has recommended that the routine use of structural neuroimaging, such as a noncontrast CT or MRI examination, may assist with the diagnosis of dementia [9]. Advanced methods, such as volumetric MRI, amyloid PET, and FDG- PET, are not routinely used in community or general practices for the diagnosis or differentiation of forms of dementia [10-12]. CT Head Noncontrast CT head is used as a primary examination to exclude treatable lesions like a mass or subdural hematoma [9].