Common presentations include dyspnea, edema, ascites, chest discomfort palpitations, and syncope. In patients with clinical HF, a primary cardiomyopathy is diagnosed in 2% to 15% of patients, whereas in some large-scale trials, patients with nonischemic HF accounted for 18% to 53% of the study population [6]. Acute presentation with chest pain, elevated cardiac enzymes, and abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) may be seen inflammatory cardiomyopathies. Unlike ischemic cardiomyopathy, the pathophysiology of NICM is usually unclear and multifactorial, the functional consequences are global, the prognosis is better, and the therapeutic response is different [2]. The primary role of imaging in NICM is to characterize the disease and establish the specific etiology, which is essential for determining optimal management. Although patients with NICM require general treatment for HF or arrhythmia, therapy is often tailored, depending on the etiology. For example, iron-overload cardiomyopathy is aMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. bPanel Chair, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida. cPanel Vice-Chair, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. dMiami Cardiac and Vascular Institute and Baptist Health of South Florida, Miami, Florida. eUniversity of Utah, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah. fUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. gUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa. hToronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. iThe Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. jQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Cardiology expert. kNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. lUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. mUniversity of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography.
Nonischemic Myocardial Disease with Clinical Manifestations Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Already Excluded . Common presentations include dyspnea, edema, ascites, chest discomfort palpitations, and syncope. In patients with clinical HF, a primary cardiomyopathy is diagnosed in 2% to 15% of patients, whereas in some large-scale trials, patients with nonischemic HF accounted for 18% to 53% of the study population [6]. Acute presentation with chest pain, elevated cardiac enzymes, and abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) may be seen inflammatory cardiomyopathies. Unlike ischemic cardiomyopathy, the pathophysiology of NICM is usually unclear and multifactorial, the functional consequences are global, the prognosis is better, and the therapeutic response is different [2]. The primary role of imaging in NICM is to characterize the disease and establish the specific etiology, which is essential for determining optimal management. Although patients with NICM require general treatment for HF or arrhythmia, therapy is often tailored, depending on the etiology. For example, iron-overload cardiomyopathy is aMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. bPanel Chair, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida. cPanel Vice-Chair, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. dMiami Cardiac and Vascular Institute and Baptist Health of South Florida, Miami, Florida. eUniversity of Utah, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah. fUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. gUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa. hToronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. iThe Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. jQueen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Cardiology expert. kNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. lUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. mUniversity of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography.