gUniversity of Washington, Seattle, Washington; American Urological Association. hDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. iSwedish Medical Center, Issaquah, Washington; American College of Emergency Physicians. jThomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. kRoswell Park Cancer Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science, Buffalo, New York. lCleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. mMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; American Urological Association. nNew York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York. oRhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Commission on Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. pUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, Primary care physician. qSpecialty Chair, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Reprint requests to: publications@acr.org Special Imaging Considerations CT urography (CTU) is an imaging study that is tailored to improve visualization of both the upper and lower urinary tracts. There is variability in the specific parameters, but it usually involves unenhanced images followed by intravenous (IV) contrast-enhanced images, including nephrographic and excretory phases acquired at least 5 minutes after contrast injection. Alternatively, a split-bolus technique uses an initial loading dose of IV contrast and then obtains a combined nephrographic-excretory phase after a second IV contrast dose; some sites include the arterial phase. CTU should use thin-slice acquisition. Reconstruction methods commonly include maximum intensity projection or 3-D volume rendering. For the purposes of this document, we make a distinction between CTU and CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast.
Acute Pyelonephritis. gUniversity of Washington, Seattle, Washington; American Urological Association. hDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. iSwedish Medical Center, Issaquah, Washington; American College of Emergency Physicians. jThomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. kRoswell Park Cancer Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science, Buffalo, New York. lCleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. mMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; American Urological Association. nNew York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York. oRhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Commission on Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. pUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, Primary care physician. qSpecialty Chair, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Reprint requests to: publications@acr.org Special Imaging Considerations CT urography (CTU) is an imaging study that is tailored to improve visualization of both the upper and lower urinary tracts. There is variability in the specific parameters, but it usually involves unenhanced images followed by intravenous (IV) contrast-enhanced images, including nephrographic and excretory phases acquired at least 5 minutes after contrast injection. Alternatively, a split-bolus technique uses an initial loading dose of IV contrast and then obtains a combined nephrographic-excretory phase after a second IV contrast dose; some sites include the arterial phase. CTU should use thin-slice acquisition. Reconstruction methods commonly include maximum intensity projection or 3-D volume rendering. For the purposes of this document, we make a distinction between CTU and CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast.