MRI abdomen and pelvis with and without IV contrast is not used as a first- line imaging modality for the evaluation of microhematuria in pregnant patients. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast is not used as a first-line imaging modality because of the absence of heavily T2-weighted images of the urinary tract. Hematuria MRI with IV contrast should be avoided in pregnant patients because of the uncertainty of effects of gadolinium contrast on the fetus. See the Safety Considerations in Pregnant Patients section below. Radiography Abdomen and Pelvis Conventional radiographs of the abdomen and pelvis (KUB) are not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of hematuria in pregnancy. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of radiographs for the initial evaluation of microhematuria. Radiography Intravenous Urography IVU is not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of microhematuria in pregnancy. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of IVU for the initial evaluation of microhematuria. US Kidneys and Bladder Retroperitoneal The incidence of asymptomatic microhematuria in pregnant women is similar to nonpregnant women, and the rate of malignancy in this group is low [2]. US during pregnancy is a reasonable choice with a full workup after delivery once gynecologic bleeding and other benign causes (such as infection) have been excluded [2,19]. Variant 4: Gross hematuria. Initial imaging. Arteriography Kidney Arteriography is not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of gross hematuria. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of arteriography for the initial evaluation of gross hematuria. CT Abdomen and Pelvis For the purposes of this document, we make a distinction between CTU and CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast.
Hematuria. MRI abdomen and pelvis with and without IV contrast is not used as a first- line imaging modality for the evaluation of microhematuria in pregnant patients. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast is not used as a first-line imaging modality because of the absence of heavily T2-weighted images of the urinary tract. Hematuria MRI with IV contrast should be avoided in pregnant patients because of the uncertainty of effects of gadolinium contrast on the fetus. See the Safety Considerations in Pregnant Patients section below. Radiography Abdomen and Pelvis Conventional radiographs of the abdomen and pelvis (KUB) are not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of hematuria in pregnancy. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of radiographs for the initial evaluation of microhematuria. Radiography Intravenous Urography IVU is not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of microhematuria in pregnancy. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of IVU for the initial evaluation of microhematuria. US Kidneys and Bladder Retroperitoneal The incidence of asymptomatic microhematuria in pregnant women is similar to nonpregnant women, and the rate of malignancy in this group is low [2]. US during pregnancy is a reasonable choice with a full workup after delivery once gynecologic bleeding and other benign causes (such as infection) have been excluded [2,19]. Variant 4: Gross hematuria. Initial imaging. Arteriography Kidney Arteriography is not used as a first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of gross hematuria. There is no relevant literature regarding the use of arteriography for the initial evaluation of gross hematuria. CT Abdomen and Pelvis For the purposes of this document, we make a distinction between CTU and CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast.