A baseline DXA study in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy should be considered after 6 months of therapy [105]. QUS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of QUS as a screening study in this group of patients. The correlation between QUS parameters and DXA has been reported to be lower in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women and not predictive of osteoporosis [109]. Radiography Appendicular Skeleton There is insufficient evidence to support the use of radiography appendicular skeleton as a screening study in this group of patients. Radiography Axial Skeleton There is insufficient evidence to support the use of radiography axial skeleton as a screening study in this group of patients. SXA There is insufficient evidence to support the use of SXA as a screening study in this group of patients. TBS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of TBS as a screening study in this group of patients. Variant 5: Premenopausal females with risk factors. Males less than 50 years of age with risk factors. Follow- up to low bone mineral density. 1. Individuals with medical conditions that could alter BMD, such as: Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density h. Individuals with an endocrine disorder known to adversely affect BMD (eg, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or Cushing syndrome) 2. Individuals receiving (or expected to receive) glucocorticoid therapy for >3 months 3. Hypogonadal men >18 years of age and men with surgically or chemotherapeutically induced castration 4. Individuals beginning or receiving long-term therapy with medications known to adversely affect BMD (eg, anticonvulsant drugs, androgen deprivation therapy, aromatase inhibitor therapy, or chronic heparin). Follow-up for premenopausal women as well as for men 20 to <50 years of age is based on the underlying clinical conditions listed.
Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density. A baseline DXA study in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy should be considered after 6 months of therapy [105]. QUS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of QUS as a screening study in this group of patients. The correlation between QUS parameters and DXA has been reported to be lower in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women and not predictive of osteoporosis [109]. Radiography Appendicular Skeleton There is insufficient evidence to support the use of radiography appendicular skeleton as a screening study in this group of patients. Radiography Axial Skeleton There is insufficient evidence to support the use of radiography axial skeleton as a screening study in this group of patients. SXA There is insufficient evidence to support the use of SXA as a screening study in this group of patients. TBS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of TBS as a screening study in this group of patients. Variant 5: Premenopausal females with risk factors. Males less than 50 years of age with risk factors. Follow- up to low bone mineral density. 1. Individuals with medical conditions that could alter BMD, such as: Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density h. Individuals with an endocrine disorder known to adversely affect BMD (eg, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or Cushing syndrome) 2. Individuals receiving (or expected to receive) glucocorticoid therapy for >3 months 3. Hypogonadal men >18 years of age and men with surgically or chemotherapeutically induced castration 4. Individuals beginning or receiving long-term therapy with medications known to adversely affect BMD (eg, anticonvulsant drugs, androgen deprivation therapy, aromatase inhibitor therapy, or chronic heparin). Follow-up for premenopausal women as well as for men 20 to <50 years of age is based on the underlying clinical conditions listed.