CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of chest CT with IV contrast for pre- or posttreatment evaluation of tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. In practice, chest CT may be performed with IV contrast in evaluation of postsurgical complications of procedures used to treat tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. CT Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of chest CT without and with IV contrast for pre- or posttreatment evaluation of tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. CT Chest Without IV Contrast Evaluation of ECAC with dynamic expiratory CT can change treatment approach in some patients compared with evaluation with bronchoscopy alone and is standardly performed without IV contrast. In one study, a change in planned treatment was performed in 12 of 29 patients with tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia who had previously undergone bronchoscopy, including changes in surgical approach [30]. A small study using inspiratory and dynamic expiratory CT to evaluate 5 patients with tracheomalacia before and after tracheobronchoplasty found a decrease in degree of tracheal collapse after surgery in all participants [35]. Other studies of 18 patients [8] and 16 patients [36] with tracheobronchomalacia using end inspiratory and dynamic expiratory CT showed significant average decreases trachea after tracheobronchoplasty. However, there are no guidelines for performing routine follow up of patients after treatment for ECAC. CT Neck and Chest With IV Contrast Z-axis coverage through the lower neck is often prescribed as part of a standard chest CT with IV contrast for evaluation of suspected tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia, but there is no relevant evidence to support performing a full neck CT in this setting. In clinical practice, neck CT may be performed in conjunction with chest CT to evaluate suspected complications of tracheal interventions.
Tracheobronchial Disease. CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of chest CT with IV contrast for pre- or posttreatment evaluation of tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. In practice, chest CT may be performed with IV contrast in evaluation of postsurgical complications of procedures used to treat tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. CT Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of chest CT without and with IV contrast for pre- or posttreatment evaluation of tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia. CT Chest Without IV Contrast Evaluation of ECAC with dynamic expiratory CT can change treatment approach in some patients compared with evaluation with bronchoscopy alone and is standardly performed without IV contrast. In one study, a change in planned treatment was performed in 12 of 29 patients with tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia who had previously undergone bronchoscopy, including changes in surgical approach [30]. A small study using inspiratory and dynamic expiratory CT to evaluate 5 patients with tracheomalacia before and after tracheobronchoplasty found a decrease in degree of tracheal collapse after surgery in all participants [35]. Other studies of 18 patients [8] and 16 patients [36] with tracheobronchomalacia using end inspiratory and dynamic expiratory CT showed significant average decreases trachea after tracheobronchoplasty. However, there are no guidelines for performing routine follow up of patients after treatment for ECAC. CT Neck and Chest With IV Contrast Z-axis coverage through the lower neck is often prescribed as part of a standard chest CT with IV contrast for evaluation of suspected tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia, but there is no relevant evidence to support performing a full neck CT in this setting. In clinical practice, neck CT may be performed in conjunction with chest CT to evaluate suspected complications of tracheal interventions.