Brain MRV can be used as a follow-up imaging study in cases of suspected CVT [11]. Variant 2: Primary migraine or tension-type headache. Normal neurologic examination. Initial imaging. In a single year, more than half of the adult population suffers from a headache, most often a primary headache such as TTH and migraine, with a prevalence of 21% and 15%, respectively [21]. Based on the 2016 Global Burden of Diseases study, TTHs and migraines have been ranked in the top 10 causes, with the greatest prevalence. Moreover, migraines are ranked as the second leading cause of years living with disability, especially in high- income, high-middle-income, and middle-socio-demographic index quintile countries. Migraine was also ranked as the second leading cause of years living with disability for women in 35 countries [22]. Two major types of migraines are documented: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Although less disabling than migraine, TTH has a higher lifetime prevalence of 30% to 78% and, therefore, a high socioeconomic impact. The clinical criteria classify TTH into subtypes based on the frequency of headaches (number of days per month) and the presence or absence of pericranial tenderness [23]. Despite the clinical and social impact of the 2 most common primary headaches, various studies have demonstrated very few significant structural abnormalities on neuroimaging in patients presenting to the emergency department and outpatient clinics. The HUNT MRI study performed in middle-aged patients demonstrated that headache sufferers in general demonstrated an increased incidence of intracranial abnormalities, mostly attributed to small nonspecific white matter hyperintensities. This association was near zero when white matter hyperintensities were removed from the analysis [21]. Studies were also conducted examining the incidence of intracranial abnormalities in patients suffering from migraine with and without aura.
Headache PCAs. Brain MRV can be used as a follow-up imaging study in cases of suspected CVT [11]. Variant 2: Primary migraine or tension-type headache. Normal neurologic examination. Initial imaging. In a single year, more than half of the adult population suffers from a headache, most often a primary headache such as TTH and migraine, with a prevalence of 21% and 15%, respectively [21]. Based on the 2016 Global Burden of Diseases study, TTHs and migraines have been ranked in the top 10 causes, with the greatest prevalence. Moreover, migraines are ranked as the second leading cause of years living with disability, especially in high- income, high-middle-income, and middle-socio-demographic index quintile countries. Migraine was also ranked as the second leading cause of years living with disability for women in 35 countries [22]. Two major types of migraines are documented: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Although less disabling than migraine, TTH has a higher lifetime prevalence of 30% to 78% and, therefore, a high socioeconomic impact. The clinical criteria classify TTH into subtypes based on the frequency of headaches (number of days per month) and the presence or absence of pericranial tenderness [23]. Despite the clinical and social impact of the 2 most common primary headaches, various studies have demonstrated very few significant structural abnormalities on neuroimaging in patients presenting to the emergency department and outpatient clinics. The HUNT MRI study performed in middle-aged patients demonstrated that headache sufferers in general demonstrated an increased incidence of intracranial abnormalities, mostly attributed to small nonspecific white matter hyperintensities. This association was near zero when white matter hyperintensities were removed from the analysis [21]. Studies were also conducted examining the incidence of intracranial abnormalities in patients suffering from migraine with and without aura.