To our knowledge, there is no relevant literature describing effective ways to discriminate between benign and malignant nodules on radiographs [2]. The mean attenuation value of indeterminate benign and malignant nodules on unenhanced CT is not significantly different and therefore not useful in their differentiation. However, multiple imaging features that increase the risk of malignancy are best characterized on CT including nodule size, morphology, location, multiplicity, or the presence of emphysema or fibrosis. Even though nodules <6 mm have a malignancy risk <1%, an optional follow- up CT can be recommended if some of these features are present (see Appendix 1). CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of contrast-enhanced CT in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. IV contrast is not required to identify or determine stability of pulmonary nodules [27]. FDG-PET/MRI Whole Body There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/MRI in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules. MRI Chest Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI chest in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. MRI Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of dynamic MRI chest in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. Female sex is included in the Brock University prediction model as a predictor of lung cancer [28]. Our literature search included a study by Chilet-Rosell et al [33] evaluating management differences between 545 men and 347 women from two institutions following the detection of incidental pulmonary nodules over 5 years. If the nodule was detected by CT, men were more likely to have immediate testing than women (P < .
Incidentally Detected Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodule PCAs. To our knowledge, there is no relevant literature describing effective ways to discriminate between benign and malignant nodules on radiographs [2]. The mean attenuation value of indeterminate benign and malignant nodules on unenhanced CT is not significantly different and therefore not useful in their differentiation. However, multiple imaging features that increase the risk of malignancy are best characterized on CT including nodule size, morphology, location, multiplicity, or the presence of emphysema or fibrosis. Even though nodules <6 mm have a malignancy risk <1%, an optional follow- up CT can be recommended if some of these features are present (see Appendix 1). CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of contrast-enhanced CT in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. IV contrast is not required to identify or determine stability of pulmonary nodules [27]. FDG-PET/MRI Whole Body There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/MRI in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules. MRI Chest Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI chest in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. MRI Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of dynamic MRI chest in the evaluation of incidentally detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules measuring <6 mm on chest CT. Female sex is included in the Brock University prediction model as a predictor of lung cancer [28]. Our literature search included a study by Chilet-Rosell et al [33] evaluating management differences between 545 men and 347 women from two institutions following the detection of incidental pulmonary nodules over 5 years. If the nodule was detected by CT, men were more likely to have immediate testing than women (P < .