Arteriography Coronary There is no relevant literature to support the use of routine coronary arteriography to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion planning. Catheter Venography Pulmonary There is no relevant literature to support the use of catheter pulmonary venography to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest without and with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest without IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. An important role of CT is excluding contraindications to endovascular LAA occlusion procedures such as presence of thrombi. In a meta-analysis comparing CT and TEE for thrombus assessment, CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 92%, which increased to 100% and 99% if delayed imaging was performed [48]. CTA Chest With IV Contrast CTA of the chest can allow for assessment of the left atrium and LAA and can be performed with various acquisition parameters (with or without ECG gating) depending on scanner and local protocols. For device sizing, ECG-gated CTA is useful, and studies have shown high accuracy for gated CTA as outlined in the preceding section on CT heart [43,49]. Depending on the exact parameters, CTA chest with IV contrast is also useful in excluding thrombi especially when combined with delayed imaging. When coupled with delayed phase it has a 100% sensitivity [48]. CTA Coronary Arteries With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the routine use of CTA coronary arteries with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion procedures.
Preprocedural Planning for Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation. Arteriography Coronary There is no relevant literature to support the use of routine coronary arteriography to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion planning. Catheter Venography Pulmonary There is no relevant literature to support the use of catheter pulmonary venography to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest without and with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. CT Chest Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of CT chest without IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion. An important role of CT is excluding contraindications to endovascular LAA occlusion procedures such as presence of thrombi. In a meta-analysis comparing CT and TEE for thrombus assessment, CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 92%, which increased to 100% and 99% if delayed imaging was performed [48]. CTA Chest With IV Contrast CTA of the chest can allow for assessment of the left atrium and LAA and can be performed with various acquisition parameters (with or without ECG gating) depending on scanner and local protocols. For device sizing, ECG-gated CTA is useful, and studies have shown high accuracy for gated CTA as outlined in the preceding section on CT heart [43,49]. Depending on the exact parameters, CTA chest with IV contrast is also useful in excluding thrombi especially when combined with delayed imaging. When coupled with delayed phase it has a 100% sensitivity [48]. CTA Coronary Arteries With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the routine use of CTA coronary arteries with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LAA occlusion procedures.