The ACR screening recommendation for high-risk cisgender women is annual screening mammography beginning 10 years earlier than an affected relative at the age of diagnosis (but not before age 30) or 8 years after radiation therapy (but not before age 25) [25]. In addition to planar images, DBT allows for creation and viewing of thin-section reconstructed images that decrease the lesion-masking effect of overlapping normal tissue, thereby decreasing false-positive recalls as well as improving CDR in breast cancer screening. Transgender Breast Cancer Screening In the absence of definitive data, some transgender health experts and professional societies recommend digital mammography or DBT to screen for breast cancer in transgender women with higher-than-average risk of breast cancer (https://transcare. ucsf.edu/guidelines/breast-cancer-women). There is no consensus on the age at which to initiate screening in this clinical setting. The Endocrine Society recommends screening transgender women with the same frequency as cisgender women [10]. The ACR screening recommendation for high-risk cisgender women is annual screening mammography beginning 10 years earlier than an affected relative at the age of diagnosis (but not before age 30) or 8 years after radiation therapy (but not before age 25) [25]. MRI Breast Without and With IV Contrast There is insufficient evidence to support the use of MRI breast without and with IV contrast to screen for breast cancer in this clinical setting. However, MRI screening may have limited use in patients who have undergone direct injection of particles, such as silicone, mineral oil, liquid paraffin, or petroleum jelly, to augment the breasts because fibrosis and injection granulomas can obscure the breast tissue on mammography and US. Hence, contrast-enhanced breast MRI is the preferred modality for breast cancer detection in patients who have undergone breast augmentation with free-particle injections [4,10].
Transgender Breast Cancer Screening. The ACR screening recommendation for high-risk cisgender women is annual screening mammography beginning 10 years earlier than an affected relative at the age of diagnosis (but not before age 30) or 8 years after radiation therapy (but not before age 25) [25]. In addition to planar images, DBT allows for creation and viewing of thin-section reconstructed images that decrease the lesion-masking effect of overlapping normal tissue, thereby decreasing false-positive recalls as well as improving CDR in breast cancer screening. Transgender Breast Cancer Screening In the absence of definitive data, some transgender health experts and professional societies recommend digital mammography or DBT to screen for breast cancer in transgender women with higher-than-average risk of breast cancer (https://transcare. ucsf.edu/guidelines/breast-cancer-women). There is no consensus on the age at which to initiate screening in this clinical setting. The Endocrine Society recommends screening transgender women with the same frequency as cisgender women [10]. The ACR screening recommendation for high-risk cisgender women is annual screening mammography beginning 10 years earlier than an affected relative at the age of diagnosis (but not before age 30) or 8 years after radiation therapy (but not before age 25) [25]. MRI Breast Without and With IV Contrast There is insufficient evidence to support the use of MRI breast without and with IV contrast to screen for breast cancer in this clinical setting. However, MRI screening may have limited use in patients who have undergone direct injection of particles, such as silicone, mineral oil, liquid paraffin, or petroleum jelly, to augment the breasts because fibrosis and injection granulomas can obscure the breast tissue on mammography and US. Hence, contrast-enhanced breast MRI is the preferred modality for breast cancer detection in patients who have undergone breast augmentation with free-particle injections [4,10].