FDG-PET/CT Skull Base to Mid-Thigh There is no relevant literature supporting the use of fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET/CT for initial imaging evaluation of suspected AAA. The CT component of PET/CT can be used for the incidental diagnosis of AAA. FDG-PET/CT can play a role in the diagnosis of inflammatory and mycotic aortic aneurysms [10,31,32] and in predicting risk for AAA rupture [33]. MRA Abdomen and Pelvis MR angiography (MRA) abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast and MRA abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast are alternatives to CTA for the diagnosis and preintervention evaluation of AAAs [8,10,13,25,27,28]. Limitations of MRA and MRI in general include longer imaging acquisition times and limited ability to characterize aortic wall calcifications. MRA abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast can also be used for evaluation of suspected AAA. MRA can be performed without gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) using techniques such as time-of-flight, balanced steady-state free precession, phase-contrast, and quiescent-interval single-shot imaging [34]. Disadvantages of noncontrast-enhanced MRA include longer image acquisition times and increased motion artifacts [34]. Contrast- enhanced MRA is used more commonly than noncontrast-enhanced MRA for imaging evaluation of AAAs. Ferumoxytol, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particle, is an emerging alternative to GBCAs for contrast-enhanced MRA [35,36]. Ferumoxytol was originally designed as a blood pool contrast agent for MRI and has a longer duration of intravascular signal than GBCAs. Although the latest recommendations from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine are for measurement of ITI aortic wall diameter on double-oblique reformatted images perpendicular to the vessel long- axis for measurement technique, the OTO aortic wall diameter should also be reported in cases of aneurysm or wall thickening if that approach is adopted [37].
Pulsatile Abdominal Mass Suspected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. FDG-PET/CT Skull Base to Mid-Thigh There is no relevant literature supporting the use of fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET/CT for initial imaging evaluation of suspected AAA. The CT component of PET/CT can be used for the incidental diagnosis of AAA. FDG-PET/CT can play a role in the diagnosis of inflammatory and mycotic aortic aneurysms [10,31,32] and in predicting risk for AAA rupture [33]. MRA Abdomen and Pelvis MR angiography (MRA) abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast and MRA abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast are alternatives to CTA for the diagnosis and preintervention evaluation of AAAs [8,10,13,25,27,28]. Limitations of MRA and MRI in general include longer imaging acquisition times and limited ability to characterize aortic wall calcifications. MRA abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast can also be used for evaluation of suspected AAA. MRA can be performed without gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) using techniques such as time-of-flight, balanced steady-state free precession, phase-contrast, and quiescent-interval single-shot imaging [34]. Disadvantages of noncontrast-enhanced MRA include longer image acquisition times and increased motion artifacts [34]. Contrast- enhanced MRA is used more commonly than noncontrast-enhanced MRA for imaging evaluation of AAAs. Ferumoxytol, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particle, is an emerging alternative to GBCAs for contrast-enhanced MRA [35,36]. Ferumoxytol was originally designed as a blood pool contrast agent for MRI and has a longer duration of intravascular signal than GBCAs. Although the latest recommendations from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine are for measurement of ITI aortic wall diameter on double-oblique reformatted images perpendicular to the vessel long- axis for measurement technique, the OTO aortic wall diameter should also be reported in cases of aneurysm or wall thickening if that approach is adopted [37].