Less common complications include pulmonary arterial hypertension, residual VSD, subpulmonary stenosis, and arrhythmias. Arteriography Coronary with Ventriculography Since the coronary arteries are not surgically manipulated during an atrial switch procedure, there is no defined role for coronary arteriography in this setting. In patients with complex coronary anatomy in the setting of TGA, angiography may be helpful to demonstrate dynamic compression and angulation of the coronary arteries in patients with an interarterial course or in those with a muscular bridge [21], but this role has been superseded by CTA in most centers. Arteriography Pulmonary Pulmonary arteriography may be helpful if hemodynamic assessment of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance is required. Pulmonary arteriography is performed during interventions such as branch pulmonary artery balloon dilation and stent placement, to assess for baffle leaks, or narrowing of the systemic or pulmonary venous pathways [21]. CT Heart Function and Morphology CT is an alternative imaging modality to provide incremental information to echocardiography. CT functional assessment is a safer option to CMR in patients who are hemodynamically unstable. It is the most useful modality if anatomic restenosis is suspected in the setting of stents. CTA Chest CTA is the most useful modality if anatomic restenosis of pulmonary arteries is suspected in the setting of stents or presence of a metal susceptibility artifact that may hamper the use of MRA for this purpose. CTA Coronary Arteries Coronary CTA would be helpful when combined with cardiac CTA if repeat surgery is being considered given the increased rate of coronary anomalies. Congenital or Acquired Heart Disease FDG-PET/CT Heart There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/CT heart in the evaluation of TGA after atrial switch. MRA Abdomen There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA abdomen in the evaluation of TGA after atrial switch.
Congenital or Acquired Heart Disease. Less common complications include pulmonary arterial hypertension, residual VSD, subpulmonary stenosis, and arrhythmias. Arteriography Coronary with Ventriculography Since the coronary arteries are not surgically manipulated during an atrial switch procedure, there is no defined role for coronary arteriography in this setting. In patients with complex coronary anatomy in the setting of TGA, angiography may be helpful to demonstrate dynamic compression and angulation of the coronary arteries in patients with an interarterial course or in those with a muscular bridge [21], but this role has been superseded by CTA in most centers. Arteriography Pulmonary Pulmonary arteriography may be helpful if hemodynamic assessment of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance is required. Pulmonary arteriography is performed during interventions such as branch pulmonary artery balloon dilation and stent placement, to assess for baffle leaks, or narrowing of the systemic or pulmonary venous pathways [21]. CT Heart Function and Morphology CT is an alternative imaging modality to provide incremental information to echocardiography. CT functional assessment is a safer option to CMR in patients who are hemodynamically unstable. It is the most useful modality if anatomic restenosis is suspected in the setting of stents. CTA Chest CTA is the most useful modality if anatomic restenosis of pulmonary arteries is suspected in the setting of stents or presence of a metal susceptibility artifact that may hamper the use of MRA for this purpose. CTA Coronary Arteries Coronary CTA would be helpful when combined with cardiac CTA if repeat surgery is being considered given the increased rate of coronary anomalies. Congenital or Acquired Heart Disease FDG-PET/CT Heart There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/CT heart in the evaluation of TGA after atrial switch. MRA Abdomen There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA abdomen in the evaluation of TGA after atrial switch.