CT Chest Without IV Contrast Screening Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of lung cancer cases in the United States [12]. Increased age is also associated with an increased risk for lung cancer, with most patients diagnosed after age 50 [1]. Currently screening for lung cancer is not recommended for those <50 years of age. Additional data are needed to determine if screening younger patients with additional risk factors such as radon exposure, occupational exposure, cancer history, family history of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or emphysema is of appropriate benefit. These criteria have been included in previous evaluation of eligibility in multiple models and in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines (High-Risk Group 2) [31]. Patients with a history of cancer are at increased risk for developing a second primary cancer, and the most common second primary cancer is lung cancer. Within the NLST, 1,071 study participants had a prior history of cancer. These patients were found to have a higher age-adjusted cancer-detection rate on baseline LDCT than those without a cancer history [32]. A retrospective study within a clinical lung cancer screening program has shown that those eligible for screening with a previous cancer history have a higher risk for cancer than those without a cancer history who are screening eligible [33]. A retrospective cohort study of 276 patients with a history of hepato-gastrointestinal cancer and second primary lung cancer suggests that screening for lung cancer in this patient population may improve mortality [34]. Although these results suggest a possible benefit for screening for lung cancer in those with a history of cancer, this is not recommended for cancer survivors without tobacco exposure of at least 20 pack years. A real-world cohort study in China evaluated 15,996 participants with LDCT and found 142 cases of lung cancer.
Lung Cancer Screening PCAs. CT Chest Without IV Contrast Screening Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of lung cancer cases in the United States [12]. Increased age is also associated with an increased risk for lung cancer, with most patients diagnosed after age 50 [1]. Currently screening for lung cancer is not recommended for those <50 years of age. Additional data are needed to determine if screening younger patients with additional risk factors such as radon exposure, occupational exposure, cancer history, family history of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or emphysema is of appropriate benefit. These criteria have been included in previous evaluation of eligibility in multiple models and in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines (High-Risk Group 2) [31]. Patients with a history of cancer are at increased risk for developing a second primary cancer, and the most common second primary cancer is lung cancer. Within the NLST, 1,071 study participants had a prior history of cancer. These patients were found to have a higher age-adjusted cancer-detection rate on baseline LDCT than those without a cancer history [32]. A retrospective study within a clinical lung cancer screening program has shown that those eligible for screening with a previous cancer history have a higher risk for cancer than those without a cancer history who are screening eligible [33]. A retrospective cohort study of 276 patients with a history of hepato-gastrointestinal cancer and second primary lung cancer suggests that screening for lung cancer in this patient population may improve mortality [34]. Although these results suggest a possible benefit for screening for lung cancer in those with a history of cancer, this is not recommended for cancer survivors without tobacco exposure of at least 20 pack years. A real-world cohort study in China evaluated 15,996 participants with LDCT and found 142 cases of lung cancer.