 Introduction/Background Head trauma (ie, head injury) is a significant public health concern and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, head trauma resulted in over 2.5 million emergency department (ED) visits in the United States in 2014 (63% increase from 2006) with nearly 290,000 hospitalizations and 57,000 deaths [1]. Common mechanisms of injury include falls, motor vehicle accidents, and acts of violence. Athletic and military personnel are additionally susceptible to sport- and blast- related exposures. Many individuals seek medical attention after a disruption in the normal function of the brain (eg, concussions with transient loss of consciousness [LOC] or post-traumatic amnesia [PTA]); these cases would meet the definition of a traumatic brain injury (TBI). OR aUniformed Services University, Bethesda, MarylandbPanel Chair, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York. cOhio State University, Columbus, Ohio. dDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; American College of Emergency Physicians. eOttawa Hospital Research Institute and the Department of Radiology, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Association of Radiologists. fMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. gUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; American College of Physicians. hUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. iEinstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. jUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; American Academy of Neurology. kOregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon. lLittleton Adventist Hospital, Littleton, Colorado; Neurosurgery expert. mR. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland. nJohn H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois; Neurosurgery expert.
Head Trauma PCAs.  Introduction/Background Head trauma (ie, head injury) is a significant public health concern and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, head trauma resulted in over 2.5 million emergency department (ED) visits in the United States in 2014 (63% increase from 2006) with nearly 290,000 hospitalizations and 57,000 deaths [1]. Common mechanisms of injury include falls, motor vehicle accidents, and acts of violence. Athletic and military personnel are additionally susceptible to sport- and blast- related exposures. Many individuals seek medical attention after a disruption in the normal function of the brain (eg, concussions with transient loss of consciousness [LOC] or post-traumatic amnesia [PTA]); these cases would meet the definition of a traumatic brain injury (TBI). OR aUniformed Services University, Bethesda, MarylandbPanel Chair, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York. cOhio State University, Columbus, Ohio. dDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; American College of Emergency Physicians. eOttawa Hospital Research Institute and the Department of Radiology, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Association of Radiologists. fMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. gUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; American College of Physicians. hUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. iEinstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. jUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; American Academy of Neurology. kOregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon. lLittleton Adventist Hospital, Littleton, Colorado; Neurosurgery expert. mR. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland. nJohn H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois; Neurosurgery expert.