MRI is useful for assessing pericardial masses and tumors, particularly for accurate localization and sizing and tissue characterization [101,110], and to delineate potential extension to adjacent thoracic anatomic structures. MRI Heart Function with Stress There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI heart function with stress for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. Radiography Chest Chest radiograph may show suggestive findings of pericardial effusion, pericardial calcifications, pericardial cyst, and pericardial defect/absence, although this generally has a lower diagnostic potential to delineate pericardial abnormities compared with echocardiography, CT, and MRI. Rb-82 PET/CT Heart There is no relevant literature to support the use of Rb-82 PET/CT heart for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. SPECT or SPECT/CT MPI Rest and Stress There is no relevant literature to support the use of SPECT or SPECT/CT MPI rest and stress for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. US Echocardiography Transesophageal TEE can be considered in assessing pericardial disease in a patients with suspected complicated acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, or pericardial masses if TTE images are of poor quality [102]. US Echocardiography Transthoracic Resting TTE is safe and typically considered the first-line imaging modality in almost all types of pericardial diseases [100,102]. Most acute pericarditis cases are uncomplicated, and echocardiography is the first and only imaging test necessary, with diagnosis based on characteristic chest pain and ECG changes. Echocardiography is performed primarily for risk stratification and may identify a pericardial effusion, evidence of pericardial tamponade, wall motion abnormalities, or features of pericardial constriction [102].
Dyspnea Suspected Cardiac Origin Ischemia Already Excluded . MRI is useful for assessing pericardial masses and tumors, particularly for accurate localization and sizing and tissue characterization [101,110], and to delineate potential extension to adjacent thoracic anatomic structures. MRI Heart Function with Stress There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI heart function with stress for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. Radiography Chest Chest radiograph may show suggestive findings of pericardial effusion, pericardial calcifications, pericardial cyst, and pericardial defect/absence, although this generally has a lower diagnostic potential to delineate pericardial abnormities compared with echocardiography, CT, and MRI. Rb-82 PET/CT Heart There is no relevant literature to support the use of Rb-82 PET/CT heart for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. SPECT or SPECT/CT MPI Rest and Stress There is no relevant literature to support the use of SPECT or SPECT/CT MPI rest and stress for the evaluation of dyspnea due to suspected pericardial disease, ischemia excluded. US Echocardiography Transesophageal TEE can be considered in assessing pericardial disease in a patients with suspected complicated acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, or pericardial masses if TTE images are of poor quality [102]. US Echocardiography Transthoracic Resting TTE is safe and typically considered the first-line imaging modality in almost all types of pericardial diseases [100,102]. Most acute pericarditis cases are uncomplicated, and echocardiography is the first and only imaging test necessary, with diagnosis based on characteristic chest pain and ECG changes. Echocardiography is performed primarily for risk stratification and may identify a pericardial effusion, evidence of pericardial tamponade, wall motion abnormalities, or features of pericardial constriction [102].