Both standard contrast-enhanced and dynamic time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRA (the latter performed with a lower gadolinium agent contrast dose) can assess the LA and pulmonary venous anatomy [26,27]. A recent comparison of these 2 acquisitions in 50 patients showed that time-resolved MRA has significantly higher overall image quality (P < . 0001) [27]. MRA with IV contrast can identify LA/LAA thrombi with an accuracy of 94.3%, a sensitivity of 66.7%, and a specificity of 95.2% compared with TEE [28]. MRA Chest Without IV Contrast Noncontrast enhanced MRA using 2-D and 3-D balanced steady-state free-precession (b-SSFP) can assess LA size and pulmonary venous anatomy, although it cannot reliably assess for thrombus. It may be a feasible alternative for preablation planning in patients who cannot receive IV contrast [29,30]. Despite an overall lower image quality, 2- D b-SSFP MRA yielded adequate LA and pulmonary vein anatomical information and adequate electroanatomic Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation integration when compared with contrast-enhanced CT in 54 patients, 27 scanned with each modality [29]. Further supporting data are scarce. MRA Coronary Arteries Without and With IV Contrast MRA coronary artery examination can assess proximal coronary artery anatomy. There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA coronary arteries without and with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LA ablation. MRA Coronary Arteries Without IV Contrast MRA coronary artery examination can assess proximal coronary artery anatomy. There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA coronary arteries without IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LA ablation. MRI Heart Function and Morphology Without and With IV Contrast MRI heart with IV contrast can assess chamber size, presence of LA/LAA thrombi, and atrial fibrosis.
Preprocedural Planning for Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation. Both standard contrast-enhanced and dynamic time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRA (the latter performed with a lower gadolinium agent contrast dose) can assess the LA and pulmonary venous anatomy [26,27]. A recent comparison of these 2 acquisitions in 50 patients showed that time-resolved MRA has significantly higher overall image quality (P < . 0001) [27]. MRA with IV contrast can identify LA/LAA thrombi with an accuracy of 94.3%, a sensitivity of 66.7%, and a specificity of 95.2% compared with TEE [28]. MRA Chest Without IV Contrast Noncontrast enhanced MRA using 2-D and 3-D balanced steady-state free-precession (b-SSFP) can assess LA size and pulmonary venous anatomy, although it cannot reliably assess for thrombus. It may be a feasible alternative for preablation planning in patients who cannot receive IV contrast [29,30]. Despite an overall lower image quality, 2- D b-SSFP MRA yielded adequate LA and pulmonary vein anatomical information and adequate electroanatomic Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation integration when compared with contrast-enhanced CT in 54 patients, 27 scanned with each modality [29]. Further supporting data are scarce. MRA Coronary Arteries Without and With IV Contrast MRA coronary artery examination can assess proximal coronary artery anatomy. There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA coronary arteries without and with IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LA ablation. MRA Coronary Arteries Without IV Contrast MRA coronary artery examination can assess proximal coronary artery anatomy. There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRA coronary arteries without IV contrast to guide preprocedural planning before LA ablation. MRI Heart Function and Morphology Without and With IV Contrast MRI heart with IV contrast can assess chamber size, presence of LA/LAA thrombi, and atrial fibrosis.