Adequate precaution should be taken to prevent air embolism. Unlike CTPA, the vascular enhancement during CTA is timed for the aorta and its branches and, thus, it may help identify systemic supply to PAVMs via the systemic arteries [10,29,30]. Cross-sectional anatomy displayed on CT chest with IV contrast is useful in treatment planning [10,27]. CTA Pulmonary Arteries With IV Contrast CTPA specifically assesses the pulmonary vasculature. IV contrast material is timed for optimum evaluation of the pulmonary arteries. Use of CTPA for evaluation of PAVM is used in clinical practice when considering a contrast- enhanced CT scan for evaluating PAVM. Like other CT techniques, CTPA offers high special resolution and can detect the number, size, and distribution of PAVMs accurately. CTPA provides similar diagnostic accuracy as noncontrast CT due to the high natural contrast inherent to pulmonary anatomy. IV contrast material administration adds a small risk of air embolism in patients with PAVM. Adequate precaution should be taken to prevent air [27]. Correlating the PAVM grade with contrast-enhanced echo has been shown to be more sensitive with CTPA compared to noncontrast CT [31]. Cross-sectional anatomy displayed on CT chest with IV contrast is useful in treatment planning [10,27]. MRA Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no role for the routine use of MRA chest without and with IV contrast in the workup of a patient suspected of a PAVM. MRA Chest Without IV Contrast There is no role for the routine use of MRA chest without IV contrast in the workup of a patient suspected of a PAVM. MRA Pulmonary Arteries Without and With IV Contrast Contrast-enhanced MRA pulmonary arteries provides anatomical information about the presence, number, size, and location of PAVMs. Schneider et al [32] evaluated 203 patients with HHT or first-degree relatives with HHT using contrast-enhanced MRA. Patients with definite and uncertain diagnosis of PAVM on MRA underwent pulmonary angiogram.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation PAVM . Adequate precaution should be taken to prevent air embolism. Unlike CTPA, the vascular enhancement during CTA is timed for the aorta and its branches and, thus, it may help identify systemic supply to PAVMs via the systemic arteries [10,29,30]. Cross-sectional anatomy displayed on CT chest with IV contrast is useful in treatment planning [10,27]. CTA Pulmonary Arteries With IV Contrast CTPA specifically assesses the pulmonary vasculature. IV contrast material is timed for optimum evaluation of the pulmonary arteries. Use of CTPA for evaluation of PAVM is used in clinical practice when considering a contrast- enhanced CT scan for evaluating PAVM. Like other CT techniques, CTPA offers high special resolution and can detect the number, size, and distribution of PAVMs accurately. CTPA provides similar diagnostic accuracy as noncontrast CT due to the high natural contrast inherent to pulmonary anatomy. IV contrast material administration adds a small risk of air embolism in patients with PAVM. Adequate precaution should be taken to prevent air [27]. Correlating the PAVM grade with contrast-enhanced echo has been shown to be more sensitive with CTPA compared to noncontrast CT [31]. Cross-sectional anatomy displayed on CT chest with IV contrast is useful in treatment planning [10,27]. MRA Chest Without and With IV Contrast There is no role for the routine use of MRA chest without and with IV contrast in the workup of a patient suspected of a PAVM. MRA Chest Without IV Contrast There is no role for the routine use of MRA chest without IV contrast in the workup of a patient suspected of a PAVM. MRA Pulmonary Arteries Without and With IV Contrast Contrast-enhanced MRA pulmonary arteries provides anatomical information about the presence, number, size, and location of PAVMs. Schneider et al [32] evaluated 203 patients with HHT or first-degree relatives with HHT using contrast-enhanced MRA. Patients with definite and uncertain diagnosis of PAVM on MRA underwent pulmonary angiogram.