The coverage of MRI of the head and its included sequences may be insufficient to completely evaluate the primary site in the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity and will not include regional nodal staging. MRI head without and with IV Assessment of Head and Neck Cancer contrast may be used to further delineate advanced intracranial extension of disease and can be considered in the follow-up of advanced stage olfactory neuroblastoma, which has a known propensity for intracranial dural-based metastases. MRI Head Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI head without IV contrast in the follow-up imaging or the evaluation of known or suspected recurrence of treated cancer of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity. MRI Orbits, Face, and Neck With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI orbits, face, and neck with IV contrast in the follow-up imaging or the evaluation of known or suspected recurrence of treated cancer of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity. MRI Orbits, Face, and Neck Without and With IV Contrast MRI without and with IV contrast has superior soft tissue contrast resolution, which facilitates assessment of local recurrence and can be helpful in distinguishing it from treatment-related change and in evaluating local tumor response. Perineural tumor spread is more easily recognized with MRI compared to CT, as is regional extension of tumor to neighboring structures such as the orbits, dura, and brain, and subtle marrow involvement [96]. Evaluation of the treated neck is often complicated by significant treatment-related changes that can be difficult to differentiate from persistent disease after therapy or recurrence and may require clinical examination and complementary imaging studies such as FDG-PET/CT.
Staging and Post Therapy Assessment of Head and Neck Cancer. The coverage of MRI of the head and its included sequences may be insufficient to completely evaluate the primary site in the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity and will not include regional nodal staging. MRI head without and with IV Assessment of Head and Neck Cancer contrast may be used to further delineate advanced intracranial extension of disease and can be considered in the follow-up of advanced stage olfactory neuroblastoma, which has a known propensity for intracranial dural-based metastases. MRI Head Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI head without IV contrast in the follow-up imaging or the evaluation of known or suspected recurrence of treated cancer of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity. MRI Orbits, Face, and Neck With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI orbits, face, and neck with IV contrast in the follow-up imaging or the evaluation of known or suspected recurrence of treated cancer of the paranasal sinuses or nasal cavity. MRI Orbits, Face, and Neck Without and With IV Contrast MRI without and with IV contrast has superior soft tissue contrast resolution, which facilitates assessment of local recurrence and can be helpful in distinguishing it from treatment-related change and in evaluating local tumor response. Perineural tumor spread is more easily recognized with MRI compared to CT, as is regional extension of tumor to neighboring structures such as the orbits, dura, and brain, and subtle marrow involvement [96]. Evaluation of the treated neck is often complicated by significant treatment-related changes that can be difficult to differentiate from persistent disease after therapy or recurrence and may require clinical examination and complementary imaging studies such as FDG-PET/CT.