Therefore, in these cases, an optimized epilepsy protocol with adequate spatial resolution and multiplanar reformatting is essential. A proper MRI investigation of patients with focal epilepsy requires the use of specific protocols, which are selected based on identification of the region of onset by clinical and EEG findings. FDG-PET/CT Brain There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/CT in initial management of focal seizures. HMPAO SPECT or SPECT/CT Brain There is no relevant literature to support the use of ictal/interictal Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT or SPECT/CT in initial management of focal seizures. Variant 6: Children 1 month to 17 years of age. Primary generalized seizure (neurologically normal). Initial imaging. The term generalized seizure, implies diffuse or generalized involvement of the brain on EEG or clinically [3]. Generalized seizures differ from a focal seizure with secondary generalization (now known as focal to bilateral tonic-clonic), which starts focally and then propagates to both hemispheres [3]. According to the most recent International League Against Epilepsy seizures classification, generalized seizures are categorized as motor and nonmotor (absence) seizures, but for the purpose of a diagnostic imaging workup, it is appropriate to classify them into generalized seizures in an otherwise neurologically normal child and generalized seizures in a neurologically abnormal child [3]. US Head There is no relevant literature to support the use of US in the workup of a neurologically normal child with generalized seizure. MRI Head MRI is rarely indicated in evaluation of a neurologically normal child presenting with generalized seizures because the rate of positive intracranial findings in this group is low, given their genetic underpinnings.
Seizures Child. Therefore, in these cases, an optimized epilepsy protocol with adequate spatial resolution and multiplanar reformatting is essential. A proper MRI investigation of patients with focal epilepsy requires the use of specific protocols, which are selected based on identification of the region of onset by clinical and EEG findings. FDG-PET/CT Brain There is no relevant literature to support the use of FDG-PET/CT in initial management of focal seizures. HMPAO SPECT or SPECT/CT Brain There is no relevant literature to support the use of ictal/interictal Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT or SPECT/CT in initial management of focal seizures. Variant 6: Children 1 month to 17 years of age. Primary generalized seizure (neurologically normal). Initial imaging. The term generalized seizure, implies diffuse or generalized involvement of the brain on EEG or clinically [3]. Generalized seizures differ from a focal seizure with secondary generalization (now known as focal to bilateral tonic-clonic), which starts focally and then propagates to both hemispheres [3]. According to the most recent International League Against Epilepsy seizures classification, generalized seizures are categorized as motor and nonmotor (absence) seizures, but for the purpose of a diagnostic imaging workup, it is appropriate to classify them into generalized seizures in an otherwise neurologically normal child and generalized seizures in a neurologically abnormal child [3]. US Head There is no relevant literature to support the use of US in the workup of a neurologically normal child with generalized seizure. MRI Head MRI is rarely indicated in evaluation of a neurologically normal child presenting with generalized seizures because the rate of positive intracranial findings in this group is low, given their genetic underpinnings.