In patients AFAB, there is usually less of a need for detailed anatomic evaluation of the urethra, and radionuclide cystography can be performed as an alternative to VCUG [42]. However, fluoroscopic VCUG may still be a useful study to perform based on consensus opinion derived from common practice. MRI Abdomen and Pelvis With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. MRI Abdomen and Pelvis Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. MRU Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRU in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. Nuclear Medicine Cystography There is good correlation between nuclear medicine cystography and VCUG for the detection of reflux [19]. For more information, please see the fluoroscopic VCUG section. In patients AFAB, there is usually less of a need for detailed anatomic evaluation of the urethra, and radionuclide cystography can be performed instead of VCUG [42]. Urinary Tract Infection-Child The literature in this patient population is evolving with a focus on other modalities such as VUS and fluoroscopy VCUG. It should be noted that the primary evidence supporting use of nuclear cystography is generally older than that of other modalities. US Kidneys and Bladder In patients AFAB <2 months of age, there is an increased incidence of sepsis and renal anomalies associated with UTIs and an increased rate of hospitalization. Therefore, the potential benefit in children <2 months of age is greater than in older children. However, there is less convincing evidence for the benefit of imaging based on outcome [8- 11,21].
Urinary Tract Infection Child. In patients AFAB, there is usually less of a need for detailed anatomic evaluation of the urethra, and radionuclide cystography can be performed as an alternative to VCUG [42]. However, fluoroscopic VCUG may still be a useful study to perform based on consensus opinion derived from common practice. MRI Abdomen and Pelvis With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. MRI Abdomen and Pelvis Without IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. MRU Without and With IV Contrast There is no relevant literature to support the use of MRU in the evaluation of a child AFAB <2 months of age for the initial imaging of a first febrile UTI. Nuclear Medicine Cystography There is good correlation between nuclear medicine cystography and VCUG for the detection of reflux [19]. For more information, please see the fluoroscopic VCUG section. In patients AFAB, there is usually less of a need for detailed anatomic evaluation of the urethra, and radionuclide cystography can be performed instead of VCUG [42]. Urinary Tract Infection-Child The literature in this patient population is evolving with a focus on other modalities such as VUS and fluoroscopy VCUG. It should be noted that the primary evidence supporting use of nuclear cystography is generally older than that of other modalities. US Kidneys and Bladder In patients AFAB <2 months of age, there is an increased incidence of sepsis and renal anomalies associated with UTIs and an increased rate of hospitalization. Therefore, the potential benefit in children <2 months of age is greater than in older children. However, there is less convincing evidence for the benefit of imaging based on outcome [8- 11,21].