DeBakey/Bard Professor and Chairman, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Professor and Vice-Chair, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Surgeon-in-Chief, Johns Hopkins  Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland   George Vance Foster Professor and Chairman of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania   Vice President for Health Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, Buffalo, New York   Mackenzie Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon   Dallas B. Phemister Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, lilinois   Head, Division of Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgical Oncology, Senator A.M. Aiken, Jr., Distinguished Chair,  University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 13, Physiologic Monitoring of the Surgical Patient   Professor and Vice-Chair, Depart  Bayview Medical Center, Baltimo  Chapter 33, Pancreas   Professor of Surgery and Chief of Endocrine Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois  Chapter 48, Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life   Senior Advisor for Patient Safety, National Quality Forum, Washington, DC  Chapter 12, Patient Safety   Frank Sawyer Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts  Chapter 28, Small Intestine   Associate Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 1, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, J ohns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 9, Wound Healing   Resident Physician, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  Chapter 42, Neurosurgery   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery,  Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Professor of Surgery and Anesthesia, Chief of Surgical Critical Care/Trauma, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota  Chapter 6, Surgical Infections   Assistant Executive Director, American Board of Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  Chapter 33, Pancreas   Director, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Director, Bariatric Surgery, Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale   Director, Institute of Urologic Oncology at UCLA, Professor and Chief, Division of Urologic Oncology, Roy and Carol Doumani Chair in  Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California  Chapter 40, Urology   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 43, Orthopedic Surgery   Professor and Vice Chair, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 1, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies  Chapter 30, The Appendix   Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center/University of Colorado- Denver, Denver, Colorado  Chapter 7, Trauma   George Vance Foster Professor and Chairman of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,  Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 5, Shock   Fay Fletcher Kerner Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama  Chapter 17, The Breast   Professor and Vice Chair, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 1, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies   DeBakey/ Bard Professor and Chairman, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 1, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies    Chapter 15, Molecular and Genomic Surgery  Chapter 33, Pancreas  Chapter 37, Inguinal Hernias   Assistant Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,  Texas   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Chace/J oukowsky Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, Portland, Oregon  Chapter 41, Gynecology   Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois  Chapter 18, Disorders of the Head and Neck   Fellow, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 12, Patient Safety   Molecular Surgery Endowed Chair, Professor of Surgery and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Michael E. DeBakey Department of  Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCSF/Mt. Zion Medical Center, San Francisco, California  Chapter 38, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal   Resident, Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 16, The Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue   Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida  Chapter 17, The Breast   Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 36, Soft Tissue Sarcomas   Professor and Cullen Foundation Endowed Chair, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery,   Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, Colorado  Chapter 7, Trauma   Assistant Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York  Chapter 21, Acquired Heart Disease   Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania   Chairman and Program Director, Department of Anesthesia, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, New Jersey  Chapter 47, Anesthesia of the Surgical Patient   Vice President for Health Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, Buffalo, New York  Chapter 6, Surgical Infections  Chapter 11, Transplantation   Medical Director, Department of Surgery, Hamot Medical Center, Erie, Pennsylvania  Chapter 48, Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life   Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, State University of New York, Buffalo, Buffalo, New York  Chapter 29, Colon, Rectum, and Anus   Associate Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore,  Maryland   Cancer Research Training Award Postdoctoral Fellow, Medical Oncology Branch, Molecular Signaling Section, National Institutes of  Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland  Chapter 41, Gynecology   Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota  Chapter 8, Burns   Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 15, Molecular and Genomic Surgery   Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 33, Pancreas   Vice President and Surgeon-in-Chief, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Professor of Surgery and Vice Dean for Medical Education,  Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California  Chapter 39, Pediatric Surgery   Seymour Cohn Professor, Chairman Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York  University School of Medicine, New York, New York  Chapter 21, Acquired Heart Disease   Associate Professor of Pathology and Orthopedic Surgery, Staff Pathologist, DeBakey VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine,  Houston, Texas   Richard L. Simmons Professor of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,   Professor, Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington  Chapter 8, Burns   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania   Fellow and Clinical Instructor, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine,  Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 34, Spleen   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 4, Hemostasis, Surgical Bleeding, and Transfusion   Professor of Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 31, Liver   Charles Harrison Frazier Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania   Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Urogynecology, Oregon Health and Science University,  Portland, Oregon  Chapter 41, Gynecology   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los   Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York  Chapter 21, Acquired Heart Disease   Roberta Simmons Associate Professor of Pediatric Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 39, Pediatric Surgery   Division of Trauma and General Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 48, Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life   Resident Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 46, Surgical Considerations in the Elderly   Chairman, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 43, Orthopedic Surgery   Associate Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,  Texas   Chapter 48, Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life   Professor, Department of Surgery and Director, Center for Translational Injury Research, University of Texas Health Science Center,  Houston, Texas   Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 16, The Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota  Chapter 11, Transplantation   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 17, The Breast   Mackenzie Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon  Chapter 14, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Robotics, and Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery  Chapter 25, Esophagus and Diaphragmatic Hernia  Chapter 32, Gallbladder and the Extrahepatic Biliary System   Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery,  Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Professor Emeritus, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana  Chapter 30, The Appendix   PGY-4 Surgical Resident, Department of Surgery, UMDNJ -Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey  Chapter 2, Systemic Response to Injury and Metabolic Support   Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 4, Hemostasis, Surgical Bleeding, and Transfusion   Associate Professor of Surgery, The Heart, Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 14, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Robotics, and Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery  Chapter 25, Esophagus and Diaphragmatic Hernia   Cardiothoracic Surgery Fellow, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan  Chapter 20, Congenital Heart Disease   Senior Investigator and Section Head, Department of Molecular Signaling Section, Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer  Institute, Bethesda, Maryland  Chapter 41, Gynecology    Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas  Chapter 4, Hemostasis, Surgical Bleeding, and Transfusion   Fellow and Clinical Instructor, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California  Chapter 40, Urology   Assistant Professor of Surgery, University of Iowa Health Care, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of  Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Iowa City, Iowa  Chapter 38, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio  Chapter 1, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Core Competencies   Associate Professor and Director of Research, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor   Associate Professor of Surgery, Adjunct Associate Professor of Radiology, Division of Vascular Surgery, Oregon Health and Science   Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 44, Surgery of the Hand and Wrist   Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery,  Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 23, Arterial Disease   Associate Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 15, Molecular and Genomic Surgery   Associate Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 45, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery   Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, UMDNJ -Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey  Chapter 2, Systemic Response to Injury and Metabolic Support   Henry T. Bahnson Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chief, The Heart, Lung and Esophageal Surgery Institute, Department of  Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 19, Chest Wall, Lung, Mediastinum, and Pleura   Emeritus Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California  Chapter 37, Inguinal Hernias   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Minnesota,   Mark Ravitch Chair in General Surgery, Associate Professor of Health Policy, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School  of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 12, Patient Safety   Dallas B. Phemister Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois   Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 10, Oncology   Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon  Chapter 24, Venous and Lymphatic Disease   Vice Chairman and Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, Colorado  Chapter 7, Trauma   Assistant Professor, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,   Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, Division of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC  Chapter 39, Pediatric Surgery   Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan  Chapter 17, The Breast   Professor of Surgery, Chief of General Surgery, Landspitali-University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland  Chapter 32, Gallbladder and the Extrahepatic Biliary System   Campbell and Jeanette Piugge Professor and Vice Chair, Division of General Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center,  Baltimore, Maryland  Chapter 34, Spleen   Chapter 48, Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life   Mark M. Ravitch Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh,   Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York  Chapter 25, Esophagus and Diaphragmatic Hernia    Fellow, Department of General Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon  Chapter 32, Gallbladder and the Extrahepatic Biliary System   Head, Division of Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgical Oncology, Senator A. M. Aiken, Jr., Distinguished Chair,   Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 43, Orthopedic Surgery   Professor and Deputy, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota  Chapter 29, Colon, Rectum, and Anus   Director of the Life After Weight Loss Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 45, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery   Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota  Chapter 33, Pancreas   Chief of Minimally Invasive General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio  Chapter 27, The Surgical Management of Obesity   Stephen H. Watts Professor of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia  Chapter 27, The Surgical Management of Obesity   Assistant Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York  Chapter 21, Acquired Heart Disease   Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center,  Palo Alto, California   Professor, Department of Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, Chief of General Surgery, Baystate Medical Center,  Springfield, Massachusetts   Associate Professor of Surgery, Associate Director Trauma Services, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center,  Durham, North Carolina  Chapter 12, Patient Safety   Assistant Professor, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine,  Houston, Texas   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Director, Comprehensive Bariatric Surgery Center, Program Director, Minimally Invasive Fellowship,  Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Chair, Surgical Services, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, Texas  Chapter 3, Fluid and Electrolyte Management of the Surgical Patient   Chief Resident, Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California  Chapter 40, Urology   Assistant Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York  Chapter 42, Neurosurgery   Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 16, The Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts  Chapter 28, Small Intestine   Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 31, Liver   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon  Chapter 20, Congenital Heart Disease   Clinical and Research Microsurgery Fellow, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang  Gung University and Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan  Chapter 45, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los   Professor and Hubert L. and Olive Stringer Distinguished Professor for Cancer Research and Chairman, Department of Head and  Neck Surgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas  Chapter 18, Disorders of the Head and Neck   Professor and Chancellor, Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial  Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan   Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston,  Massachusetts   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Chapter 43, Orthopedic Surgery   Assistant Professor, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon   Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts  Chapter 28, Small Intestine   Clarence and Mary Dennis Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York  Chapter 46, Surgical Considerations in the Elderly   Moseley Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts  Chapter 28, Small Intestine   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania  Chapter 5, Shock   Chief, General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Director, Colorectal Cancer Center, Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, Texas   Attending Cardiac Surgeon, Department of Surgery, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada  Open Surgical Treatment of Extent IV Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms   DeBakey/ Bard Professor and Chairman, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on a Patient with Biliary Colic and Gall Stones   Professor of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky  Laparoscopic Left Hepatic Lobectomy for Benign Liver Mass   Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCSF/Mt. Zion Medical Center, San Francisco, California  Bilateral Exploration Parathyroidectomy   Surgical Director, Liver Transplantation, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Associate Professor of  Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California  Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation   Professor and Cullen Foundation Endowed Chair, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery,  Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Richard L. Simmons Professor of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania   Fellow and Clinical Instructor, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine,  Baltimore, Maryland  Laparoscopic Splenectomy   Assistant Professor and Director of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona  Bilateral Exploration Parathyroidectomy   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada  Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy   Assistant Professor of Surgery, University of Iowa Health Care, Carver College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of  Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Iowa City, Iowa  Bilateral Exploration Parathyroidectomy   Associate Professor and Director of Research, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor  College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Associate Professor of Urology, Director, Division of Endourology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Scott Department of Urology,  Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephractomy  Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Radial Prostatectomy   Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division of Hepatology, Schiff Liver Institute/Center for Liver Dieseases, University of Miami Miller  School of Medicine, Miami, Florida  Right-Lobe Living Donor Liver Transplantation   Dallas B. Phemister Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois  Laparoscopic Cystogastrostomy for Pancreatic Pseudocyst   Assistant Surgical Director of the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Ceders-Sinai  Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California  Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation   Campbell and Jeanette Plugge Professor and Vice Chair, Division of General Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center,  Baltimore, Maryland  Laparoscopic Splenectomy   Chief, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Associate Professor of  Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California  Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois  Laparoscopic Cystogastrostomy for Pancreatic Pseudocyst    Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio  Laparoscopic Left Hepatic Lobectomy for Benign Liver Mass   Principal, QV Research Consultancy, Formerly Professor, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of  California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California  Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Director, Comprehensive Bariatric Surgery Center, Program Director, Minimally Invasive Fellowship,   Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas   Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio  Laparoscopic Left Hepatic Lobectomy for Benign Liver Mass   Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio  Laparoscopic Left Hepatic Lobectomy for Benign Liver Mass   Assisant Professor of Medicine, Geffen (UCLA) School of Medicine, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,  Los Angeles, California   Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas  Right-Lobe Living-Donor Liver Transplantation   Supervisor, Medical Illustrator, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of  Medicine, Houston, Texas   Professor, Chief, Division of Transplant Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio  Laparoscopic Left Hepatic Lobectomy for Benign Liver Mass   Additional Professor, Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences,  Lucknow, India   Chief, Department of Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden   Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Paris VII, Hospital Beaujon, Clichy, France   Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen  Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China   Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine- Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila,  Manila, Philippines   Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Hamra District, Beirut, Lebanon   Director of Robotic and MIS Center, Head of Colorectal Division, Professor, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital,  SungBook-gu, Seoul, South Korea   Professor, Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan   J . E. J . Krige, MD, FRCS, FACS, FCS (SA)   Professor of Surgery, Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa   Professor and Chairman, Department of General Surgery, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition, Mexico DF, Mexico   Professor of Surgery, University College Cork, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland   Surgeon-in-Chief, St. Michael's Hospital, Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada   Melanoma Institute Australia, Royal Prince Alfred and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, Australia, Discipline of Surgery, The University of  Sydney, Sydney, Australia   Professor and Head, Department of Surgery, Universtiy of British Columbia, Surgeon-in-Chief, Vancouver Teaching Hospitals,  Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada   Note: Large images and tables on this page may necessitate printing in landscape mode.   Schwartz's Principles of Surgery > Part I. Basic Considerations > Chapter 1. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical  Education Core Competencies >   1. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Outcomes Project changes the focus of graduate  medical education from how programs are potentially educating residents to how programs are actually educating residents  through assessment of competencies.   2. The six core competencies are patient care, medical knowledge, practice- based learning and improvement, interpersonal  and communication skills, professionalism, and systems- based practice.   3. The Residency Review Committee recognizes the importance of simulators for technical training and mandated that all  training programs have a skills laboratory by July 2008. A Surgical Skills Curriculum Task Force has developed a National  Skills Curriculum to assist programs with training and assessing competency through simulators.   4. The ACGME has developed a professional development tool called the ACGME Learning Portfolio. This interactive web-  based portfolio can be used as a tool for residents, faculty, and programs directors to allow for reflection, competency  assessment, and identification of weaknesses.   5. There is much to be learned still, and programs should continue to share their experiences to identify benchmark  programs.   Technologic and molecular advances have fundamentally changed the way medicine is practiced. The Internet has  revolutionized the way both physicians and patients learn about diseases. In addition, political and economic pressures have  altered the way society views and reimburses medical care. The end result of these changes is that access to medical care,  access to information about medical care, and the very nature of the doctor- patient relationship has changed. 1 In response  to this situation, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Outcomes Project was developed. Dr.  Leach stated that this initiative was based on three principles: (1) whatever we measure we tend to improve; (2) focusing on  outcomes instead of processes allows programs flexibility to adapt based on their needs and resources; and (3) the public  deserves to have access to data demonstrating that graduating physicians are competent. 2 This initiative changed the focus  of graduate medical education from how programs were potentially educating residents by complying with the accreditation  requirements to how programs are actually educating residents through assessment of the program's outcomes. In 1999, the  Outcomes Project identified six core competencies that would provide a conceptual framework to train residents to  competently and compassionately treat patients in today's changing health care system. The six core competencies as  designated by the ACGME are patient care, medical knowledge, practice- based learning and improvement, interpersonal and  communication skills, professionalism, and systems-based practice (Table 1-1). 3 Starting in July 2001, the ACGME   implemented a 10-year timeline to implement these concepts into medical education. The timeline was divided into four  phases, allowing flexibility for individual programs to meet these goals (Table 1-2). 4    To be able to provide compassionate and effective health care in the modern-day health care  environment    To effectively apply current medical knowledge in patient care and to be able to use medical tools  (i.e., PubMed) to stay current in medical education    To critically assimilate and evaluate information in a systematic manner to improve patient care  practices    To demonstrate sufficient communication skills that allow for efficient information exchange in  physician- patient interactions and as a member of a health care team    To demonstrate the principles of ethical behavior (i.e., informed consent, patient confidentiality)  and integrity that promote the highest level of medical care    To acknowledge and understand that each individual practice is part of a larger health care  delivery system and to be able to use the system to support patient care    * Begin integrating the teaching and  learning of competencies into  residents' didactic and clinic 
F.BrunicardiDanaAndersenTimothyBilliarDavidDunnJohnHunterJeffreyMatthewsRaphaelE F. Brunicardi, Dana Andersen, Timothy Billiar, David Dunn, John Hunter, Jeffrey Matthews, Raphael E. Pollock-Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, Ninth Edition-McGraw-Hill Professional (2009)_djvu.txt