Bonferroni (or BH) correction for multiple t-test? I'm studying the kinematics differences between males and females examined at two different specific walking speeds (slow/fast). Specifically, I'm exploring:
a) slow speed vs high speed (dependent t-test)
b) slow speed males vs high speed males (independent t-test)
c) slow speed females vs high speed females (independent t-test)
d) slow speed males vs slow speed females (independent t-test)
e) high speed males vs high speed females (independent t-test)
I have two questions:

*

*Is it correct to use multiple t-test instead of ANOVA?

*Do I have to use a Bonferroni (or Benjamini-Hochberg) for all the FIVE tests?


The usual approach would be to start from ANOVA with interaction male*walking_speed and only if you reject the interaction you may proceed with, what is called, the post-hoc analysis.
Testing separately each group leads, typically, to a loss of power, so you do it only if it's worth the money, i.e. if you reject the $H_0$ that interaction is not significant or if you are interested only in a few comparisons out of many.
