Comparing means of two samples: anything I'm missing? I'm hoping for a gut-check from someone with more formal stats education than I to tell me if my proposed approach makes sense or if I'm overlooking anything.
I have a survey database where each record is a person who took a public transit trip on a certain day, the fare that they paid for that trip, the fare that they would pay under a new fare proposal (which varies based on how far they traveled), as well as demographic info. The data is a probability sample of all riders and is weighted.
I want to run an analysis to see if people from x demographic would be affected differently under the new proposal than people from y demographic. The results have implications for equity and our policies.
My plan was simply to calculate the difference in current vs proposed fare for each record, then calculate mean fare change for each demographic. The end result would be that x demographic would have a mean fare change of 23 cents and y demographic would have a mean change of -5 cents, for example. I could then test for statistical significance.
Is there a better way to determine if one group is disproportionately affected?
This seems overly simplistic so I just want to be sure I'm not missing a better way to do it because I don't know what I don't know. Thanks in advance for helping a newbie!

This seems correct to me.  I have a few recommendations:

*

*Make sure you state your hypothesis clearly up front and clearly define X and Y.  You run the risk of trying multiple slices and definitions of X and Y and "p-hacking" your way to a statistically significant result.  It was unclear in your question whether you have a solid definition of X and Y up front, or if you'll be slicing through your data.

*Clearly distinguish between a statistically significant result and a meaningful result.  While raising the fare for a group of users by $0.01 extra may be statistically significant, it may not be meaningful.

