Is reporting univariate regression next to multivariate regression acceptable methodology? In a paper published in Ebiomedicine (part of the Lancet family journals), the researchers built a logistic model including a variety of predictors and then reported both "univariate" regressions (model with only one predictor) and "multivariate" regressions (logit model with all predictors), see the following table :

I am surprised by this methodology choice as a model with only one parameter (univariate regression) obviously fit the data in a sub-optimal manner, the estimated parameter is different than the estimated parameter in the corresponding multivariable logit model and so is its associated (asymptotic) confidence interval (same reasoning goes for its exponentiated transform, interpreted as an odd-ratio).
I have to admit that I'm not familiar with the publication standards in medicine journals, but is reporting univariate next to multivariate regression common practice ? If so, how is it supposed to be interpreted by the reader ?

The univariate column shows the simple association between each predictor and the outcome. The multivariate column shows the association when controlling for all other predictors. Both of these things are important, and they're clearly distinct, so this is good practice.
For example, the number of unique VPDs is a negative predictor on its own (OR <1), but is a positive predictor when controlling for other variables.
