Solving recurrence relation, $a_n=6a_{n-1} - 5a_{n-2} + 1$ I'm trying to solve this recurrence relation:
$$
a_n = \begin{cases} 
    0 & \mbox{for } n = 0 \\
    5 & \mbox{for } n = 1 \\
    6a_{n-1} - 5a_{n-2} + 1 & \mbox{for } n > 1
    \end{cases}
$$
I calculated generator function as:
$$
A = \frac{31x - 24x^2}{1 - 6x + 5x^2} + \frac{x^3}{(1-x)(1-6x+5x^2)} = 
\frac{31x - 24x^2}{(x-1)(x-5)} + \frac{x^3}{(1-x)(x-1)(x-5)}
$$
(I'm not sure if that's right)
and its partial fractions decomposition looks like:
$$
A = \left(\frac{-7}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{x-1} - \frac{445}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{x-5}\right) +
\left( \frac{39}{16} \cdot \frac{1}{x-5} + \frac{3}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{(x-1)^2} - \frac{375}{16} \cdot \frac{1}{x-5} \right)
$$
(again - I'm not sure if it's ok)
I'm stuck here... From solutions I know that I should get:
$$
a_n = \frac{-21}{16} - \frac{1}{4}n + \frac{21}{16}5^n
$$
but I have no idea how it's solved... I hope somebody can help me (I spend more than 3h trying to solve this myself...)

Let's write your recurrence relation for $n$ and $n+1$:
$a_{n}-6a_{n-1}+5a_{n-2}-1=0$
$a_{n+1}-6a_{n }+5a_{n-1}-1=0$
Now we subtract one from another:
$a_{n+1}-7a_{n }+11a_{n-1}-5a_{n-2}=0$ (relation 2)
Then, from Theorem on wiki we build a characteristic polynomial
$x^3-7x^2+11x-5 $ with roots $1,1,5$. Hence, by that theorem, the solution of our recurrence relation (2) is $c_1 1^n+ c_2n1^n+c_3 5^n$. All you have to do now is to find those constants $c_i$ from initial conditions and from the fact that it should satisfy your initial recurrence relation.
