List the elements of the field $K = \mathbb{Z}_2[x]/f(x)$ where $f(x)=x^5+x^4+1$ and is irreducible Since $\dim_{\mathbb{Z}_2} K = \deg f(x)=5$, $K$ has $2^5=32$ elements. So constructing the field $K$, I get:
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline \text{polynomial} & \text{power of $x$} & \text{logarithm} \\\hline
  0 & 0 & -\infty \\\hline
  1 & 1 & 0 \\\hline
  x & x & 1 \\\hline
  x^2 & x^2 & 2 \\\hline
  x^3 & x^3 & 3 \\\hline
  x^4 & x^4 & 4 \\\hline
  x^4+1 & x^5 & 5 \\\hline
  x^4+x+1 & x^6 & 6 \\\hline
  x^4+x^2+x+1 & x^7 & 7 \\\hline
  x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1 & x^8 & 8 \\\hline
  x^3+x^2+x+1 & x^9 & 9 \\\hline
  x^4+x^3+x^2+x & x^{10} & 10 \\\hline
  x^3+x^2+1 & x^{11} & 11 \\\hline
  x^4+x^3+x & x^{12} & 12 \\\hline
  x^2+1 & x^{13} & 13 \\\hline
  x^3+x & x^{14} & 14 \\\hline
  x^4+x^2 & x^{15} & 15 \\\hline
  x^4+x^3+1 & x^{16} & 16 \\\hline
  x+1 & x^{17} & 17 \\\hline
  x^2+x & x^{18} & 18 \\\hline
  x^3+x^2 & x^{19} & 19 \\\hline
  x^4+x^3 & x^{20} & 20 \\\hline
\end{array}
Have I constructed the field correctly? I'm sure the claim that $K$ has $32$ elements is true, yet when I actually construct the field, I only get $22$ elements as $x^{21} = x^0 = 1$.

Elaborating more on the answer of Burde and generalizing:
Let $F$ be any finite field with $q$ elements, and $f(x)$ an irreducible polynomial from $F[X]$, say of degree $m$. Then the quotient ring by the principal ideal generated by $f(x)$ is in fact a field, has $q^m$ elements and the elements of this field is the set of all polynomials of degree${}<m$ with coefficients in $F$ (rather the cosets represented by them).
They are $q^m$ in number: this follows from the fact that two polynomials of degree less than $m$have their difference also a polynomial of degree less than $m$ and hence cannot be a multipleof a polynomial of degree $m$.
They are all the elements of the field because: the coset represented by a general  polynomial $g(x)$ of degree$ \geq m$ is the same as the coset of $r(x)$ where $r(x)$ is obtained by Euclidean division with remainder: $g(x) = h(x) f(x) + r(x)$. (That is try to divide $g(x)$ by $f(x)$, getting quotient $h(x)$ and a remainder polynomial of degree  less than the degree of $f(x)$.
