xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06012292</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>P.T.REC/012/004269</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06012292</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Effect of Mobile Phone Addiction With Forward Head Posture on Pain and Cervical Functions</brief_title>
    <acronym>FHP</acronym>
    <official_title>Effect of Mobile Phone Addiction With Forward Head Posture on Pain and Cervical Functions</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Cairo University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Cairo University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        to investigate the effect of mobile phone addiction with forward head posture on the&#xD;
        endurance of deep neck flexor muscles, respiratory functions, pain pressure threshold , and&#xD;
        neck functional disability level.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Nowadays, the mobile phone has become an important requirement. The number of mobile phone&#xD;
        users and the duration of mobile phone use are increasing rapidly, and the side effects can&#xD;
        be detrimental one of them is forward head posture.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Prolonged use of the mobile phone has also affected posture, resulting in many&#xD;
        musculoskeletal disorders or improper posture. Neck posture, particularly in a sitting&#xD;
        position, is regarded an essential contributing factor to the development and long-term&#xD;
        maintenance of cervical pain and headache. Neck flexed posture increased due to the frequent&#xD;
        use of the relatively small screen of a mobile phone compared to that of a desktop computer.&#xD;
        Constant use may also have unexpected consequences: increased stress on the cervical spine.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common side effect of prolonged, sustained mobile and&#xD;
        tablet use. This leads to extension at atlantooccipital (C1 to C2) joints with flexion of&#xD;
        lower cervical spine (C4 to C7) and flattening of mid cervical lordosis which cause joint&#xD;
        dysfunction associated with negative affection of lung function, abnormal afferent&#xD;
        information affecting the tonic neck reflex and encourages the gradual adaptation of FHP.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">August 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">October 2023</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">October 2023</primary_completion_date>
    <study_type>Observational</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <observational_model>Other</observational_model>
      <time_perspective>Cross-Sectional</time_perspective>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Pain pressure threshold</measure>
      <time_frame>one week</time_frame>
      <description>Pain pressure threshold will be measured by pressure algometer</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Respiratory functions</measure>
      <time_frame>one week</time_frame>
      <description>Respiratory functions including tidal volume and total lung capacity will be measured by incentive spirometer</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Endurance of deep neck flexor muscles</measure>
      <time_frame>one week</time_frame>
      <description>Endurance of deep neck flexor muscles will be measured by pressure biofeedback unit stabilizer</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Neck functional disability level</measure>
      <time_frame>one week</time_frame>
      <description>Neck functional disability level will be measure by Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability scale Arabic version</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_groups>2</number_of_groups>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">138</enrollment>
    <condition>Forward Head Posture</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Group A Not addicted to mobile phone</arm_group_label>
      <description>Addicted to mobile phone less than four hours per day.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Group B addicted to mobile phone</arm_group_label>
      <description>Addicted to mobile phone more than four hours per day.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <eligibility>
      <study_pop>
        <textblock>
          Adult both gender males and females, normal BMI, normal and forward head posture&#xD;
          participants, addicted and not addicted to mobile phoine will be included in the study.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </study_pop>
      <sampling_method>Probability Sample</sampling_method>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Forward head with craniovertebral angle less than 50 degree.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Both sexes will participate in this study.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. Their age will be ranging from 18-40years (Molaeifar et al., 2021).&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. Body mass index is ranged from 18-25 kg /m2 (Molaeifar et al., 2021).&#xD;
  &#xD;
            5. Area of mobile phone is 17 × 8cm.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            6. Participants will be randomly allocated into 2 groups, group (A) should not have&#xD;
               addicted to mobile phone and group (B) should have addicted to mobile phone.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Previous cervical operation.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Musculoskeletal disorders such as cervical spine fracture, myelopathy, spinal cord&#xD;
               tumor.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. Neurological conditions that affected head, neck, and upper limbs.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. Cervical disc or spondylosis.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            5. Respiratory diseases such as Restrictions in lung function.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>40 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>AMal M Fayed, Master</last_name>
      <phone>01029299592</phone>
      <email>amalbahgat076@gmail.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Amal Mohammed Bahgat Fayed</name>
        <address>
          <city>Beheira</city>
          <zip>22744</zip>
          <country>Egypt</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Egypt</country>
    </location_countries>
    <verification_date>July 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>August 19, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 19, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 25, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>August 19, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>August 19, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 25, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>Cairo University</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Amal Mohammed Bahgat Fayed</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>principle investigator Amal mohammed bahgat fayed</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>Cervical function, Forward head posture, Mobile phone addiction, Pain</keyword>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Behavior, Addictive</mesh_term>
      <mesh_term>Technology Addiction</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06012292
  org study id: P.T.REC/012/004269
  nct id: NCT06012292
  lead sponsor: 
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  to investigate the effect of mobile phone addiction with forward head posture on the
        endurance of deep neck flexor muscles, respiratory functions, pain pressure threshold , and
        neck functional disability level.
  Nowadays, the mobile phone has become an important requirement. The number of mobile phone
        users and the duration of mobile phone use are increasing rapidly, and the side effects can
        be detrimental one of them is forward head posture.
  
        Prolonged use of the mobile phone has also affected posture, resulting in many
        musculoskeletal disorders or improper posture. Neck posture, particularly in a sitting
        position, is regarded an essential contributing factor to the development and long-term
        maintenance of cervical pain and headache. Neck flexed posture increased due to the frequent
        use of the relatively small screen of a mobile phone compared to that of a desktop computer.
        Constant use may also have unexpected consequences: increased stress on the cervical spine.
  
        Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common side effect of prolonged, sustained mobile and
        tablet use. This leads to extension at atlantooccipital (C1 to C2) joints with flexion of
        lower cervical spine (C4 to C7) and flattening of mid cervical lordosis which cause joint
        dysfunction associated with negative affection of lung function, abnormal afferent
        information affecting the tonic neck reflex and encourages the gradual adaptation of FHP.
  observational model: Other
  time perspective: Cross-Sectional
  measure: Pain pressure threshold
  time frame: one week
  description: Pain pressure threshold will be measured by pressure algometer
  measure: Respiratory functions
  time frame: one week
  description: Respiratory functions including tidal volume and total lung capacity will be measured by incentive spirometer
  measure: Endurance of deep neck flexor muscles
  time frame: one week
  description: Endurance of deep neck flexor muscles will be measured by pressure biofeedback unit stabilizer
  measure: Neck functional disability level
  time frame: one week
  description: Neck functional disability level will be measure by Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability scale Arabic version
  arm group label: Group A Not addicted to mobile phone
  description: Addicted to mobile phone less than four hours per day.
  arm group label: Group B addicted to mobile phone
  description: Addicted to mobile phone more than four hours per day.
  study pop: 
  sampling method: Probability Sample
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: 40 Years
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  last name: AMal M Fayed, Master
  phone: 01029299592
  email: amalbahgat076@gmail.com
  facility: 
  country: Egypt
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: Cairo University
  investigator full name: Amal Mohammed Bahgat Fayed
  investigator title: principle investigator Amal mohammed bahgat fayed
  mesh term: Behavior, Addictive
  mesh term: Technology Addiction