xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06008704</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>RC31/21/0566</org_study_id>
      <secondary_id>2022-501123-24</secondary_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06008704</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Pain in Parkinson's Disease: Exploration of the Serotonin System in Positron Emission Tomography (PET [18F]-MPPF)</brief_title>
    <acronym>PD-Pain</acronym>
    <official_title>Pathophysiology of Pain in Parkinson's Disease: Exploration of the Serotonin System in Positron Emission Tomography (PET [18F]-MPPF)</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>University Hospital, Toulouse</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>University Hospital, Toulouse</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        This project will explore the involvement of the serotonin system in the pathophysiology of&#xD;
        PD-related central pain. Thus, the serotonin system will be evaluated in PD patients with and&#xD;
        without central pain who will benefit from brain positron emission tomography (PET) allowing&#xD;
        in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors and multimodal brain MRI including morphometric imaging&#xD;
        and functional connectivity (resting state acquisition).&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        The prevalence of chronic pain in PD can be estimated at 60-80% from several epidemiological&#xD;
        studies. Both semiological and pathophysiological classification proposes specific and&#xD;
        non-specific pain in PD. While non-specific pain is not directly related to PD but may be&#xD;
        aggravated by the disease, specific pain is a direct result of the disease with dystonic pain&#xD;
        characterized by painful cramps in relation to motor symptoms and non-systematic central pain&#xD;
        such as burning, paresthesia, compression (central parkinsonian pain). A case-control study&#xD;
        reported that cramp-like pain and central pain were three times more frequent in parkinsonian&#xD;
        patients than in the general population. Pathophysiologically, several studies suggest an&#xD;
        abnormal nociceptive integration process in PD patients. Previous studies have indicated that&#xD;
        the nociceptive signal is amplified along the pain transmission pathways. This could be&#xD;
        related to increased facilitation through central sensitization of pain pathways or decreased&#xD;
        inhibition (reduced activity of descending inhibitory control systems). Several recent&#xD;
        studies suggest that the noradrenergic and/or serotonergic systems may be involved in the&#xD;
        pathophysiology of PD-related pain. Therefore, this project will explore the involvement of&#xD;
        the serotonergic system in the pathophysiology of pain using brain neuroimaging in PD&#xD;
        patients with central pain.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The present study hypothesize that the binding of the radiotracer [18F]-MPPF, allowing in&#xD;
        vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors, will be reduced in PD patients with central pain compared to&#xD;
        non-painful PD patients at the level of the median raphe, but also at the level of several&#xD;
        brain structures involved in the pain matrix such as the insula, the anterior and posterior&#xD;
        cingulate cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, etc. A correlation between the clinical&#xD;
        parameters of pain and the brain structures in which MRP binding is decreased should make it&#xD;
        possible to confirm the link between these serotonin binding anomalies and pain. Finally, the&#xD;
        morphological and functional MRI study should make it possible to identify structural and&#xD;
        functional abnormalities within the pain networks in painful Parkinson's patients.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">September 1, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">January 1, 2026</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">January 1, 2026</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Non-Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
      <intervention_model_description>physio-pathological prospective open study</intervention_model_description>
      <primary_purpose>Basic Science</primary_purpose>
      <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Distribution volume ratio of [18F]-MPPF</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>The MRP [18F]-MPPF marking the 5 HT1A receptors allows the in vivo visualization of serotonergic neurons and it's sensitive to extracellular variations of serotonin</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Pain intensity and [18F]-MPPF uptake</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and central pain intensity measured with the Visual Analog Score for pain (Scale from 0 to 10, 10 being the most fote intensity of pain)</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Functional impairment and [18F]-MPPF uptake</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and functional impairment, measured with the Primary Parkinsonian Pain Diagnostic Questionnaire .&#xD;
  It is a 39-item self-questionnaire evaluating the motor and psychological quality of life of Parkinson's patients over the past month. Each question is rated from 0 (no disturbance) to 4 (maximum disturbance), and items are divided into 8 dimensions (mobility, activities of daily life, emotional well-being, psychological discomfort, social support, cognitive disorders, communication, physical discomfort).&#xD;
  A score is calculte in percentage. The higher the score, the lower the quality of life in this dimension. It is a simple and fast scale of transfer, reliable and validated, sensitive to change.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Pain perception thresholds and [18F]-MPPF uptake</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and pain perception thresholds, measured with the thermotest</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Macrostructural markers</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Measurement of macrostructural markers obtained by MRI Macrostructural markers measured by T1 and T2 sequences: density of gray matter</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Central pain characteristics measured by Visual Analog Score for pain (VAS) and brain macrostructural markers</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Correlation between brain macrostructural markers and central pain characteristics measured with the Visual Analog Score for pain (VAS) which consists of a 10cm line, with two end points representing 0 ('no pain') and 10 ('pain as bad as it could possibly be')</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>5HT1A-receptors specific radioligand binding and functional networks connectivity</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Correlation between 5HT1A receptors specific radioligand binding and functional networks connectivity, obtained by IRM</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Behavioral population characteristics obtained with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD)</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Mean of patient's behavioral characteristics score obtained with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) which is scored between 0 meaning no impairment and 3 being severe impairment</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Motor population characteristics obtained with the Movement Disorders Society-sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS)</measure>
      <time_frame>during the procedure</time_frame>
      <description>Mean of patient's motor characteristics score obtained with the Movement Disorders Society-sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), which score ranges from 0 to 260, with 0 indicating no disability and 260 indicating total disability</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">34</enrollment>
    <condition>Parkinson Disease</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Other</arm_group_type>
      <description>Patients from both groups will receive the same interventions, the difference between groups is the eligibility criteria. In this arm only patients presenting central chronic pain will be included</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Other</arm_group_type>
      <description>Patients from both groups will receive the same interventions, the difference between groups is the eligibility criteria. In this arm only patients without central chronic pain will be included</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Clinical assessment</intervention_name>
      <description>The clinical assessment consists on behavioural and motor evaluations to determine the characteristics of the population</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Pain characteristics assessment</intervention_name>
      <description>The pain characteristics assessment will be made with a variety of scales and questionnaires which allow to identify the extent of central pain and functional impairment</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>MRI</intervention_name>
      <description>The MRI examination allows anatomical imaging, diffusion imaging and functional imaging to measure specific markers</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Thermotest</intervention_name>
      <description>The thermotest is performed to assess the pain perception threshold</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>UPDRS-III Scale</intervention_name>
      <description>The UPDRS-III scale allows to asses motor functionality of PD patients</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Diagnostic Test</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>[18F]-MPPF PET scan</intervention_name>
      <description>The PET scan after injection of [18F]-MPPF at a dose of 200 Megabecquerel/kg +/-10% allows in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors</description>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients with central chronic pain</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_label>PD patients without pain</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with PD defined according to United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Brain Bank&#xD;
               (UKPDSBB) criteria&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with stable anti-parkinsonian treatment for at least 4 weeks prior to&#xD;
               inclusion&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score &gt; 25&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-D score ≥ 11&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Person affiliated or benefiting from a social security scheme.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Free, informed and written consent signed by the participant and the investigator (at&#xD;
               the latest on the day of inclusion and before any examination required by the&#xD;
               research).&#xD;
  &#xD;
               • For patients with pain&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with PD-related central pain defined according to the criteria of Marques et&#xD;
               al, 2019&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with chronic central pain (i.e. present for at least 3 months)&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients who have average pain over the previous month according to a VAS ≥ 4.&#xD;
  &#xD;
               • For patients without pain&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients who do not have pain defined as VAS ≤ 4, meaning that it does not interfere&#xD;
               with daily activity.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients treated with second line therapy&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with a history of significant psychiatric pathology according to the&#xD;
               investigator&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients treated with drugs interacting with 5HT1A receptors in the previous 4 weeks&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with contraindication to MRI&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients refusing to be informed of an abnormality discovered during brain imaging&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients with dyskinesias judged by the investigator to be disabling for imaging.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Patients under guardianship or other legal protection, deprived of their liberty by&#xD;
               judicial or administrative decision&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Pregnant woman, breastfeeding woman&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>40 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>80 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Christine BREFEL-COURBON, MD PhD</last_name>
      <role>Principal Investigator</role>
      <affiliation>University Hospital, Toulouse</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Christine BREFEL-COURBON, MD PhD</last_name>
      <phone>33-561777753</phone>
      <email>Brefel-Courbon Christine &lt;christine.brefel-courbon@univ-tlse3.fr&gt;</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse</name>
        <address>
          <city>Toulouse</city>
          <state>Haute-Garonne</state>
          <zip>31000</zip>
          <country>France</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
      <contact>
        <last_name>Christine Brefel-Courbon, MD, PhD</last_name>
        <phone>05 61 77 94 91</phone>
        <email>christine.brefel-courbon@univ-tlse3.fr</email>
      </contact>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>France</country>
    </location_countries>
    <reference>
      <citation>Aznavour N, Zimmer L. [18F]MPPF as a tool for the in vivo imaging of 5-HT1A receptors in animal and human brain. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Mar;52(3):695-707. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.09.023. Epub 2006 Nov 13.</citation>
      <PMID>17101155</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Boussac M, Arbus C, Dupouy J, Harroch E, Rousseau V, Ory-Magne F, Rascol O, Moreau C, Maltete D, Rouaud T, Meyer M, Houvenaghel JF, Marse C, Tranchant C, Hainque E, Jarraya B, Ansquer S, Bonnet M, Belamri L, Tir M, Marques AR, Danaila T, Eusebio A, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDI-STIM study group*. Personality Dimensions Are Associated with Quality of Life in Fluctuating Parkinson's Disease Patients (PSYCHO-STIM). J Parkinsons Dis. 2020;10(3):1057-1066. doi: 10.3233/JPD-191903.</citation>
      <PMID>32444557</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Boussac M, Arbus C, Dupouy J, Harroch E, Rousseau V, Croiset A, Ory-Magne F, Rascol O, Moreau C, Rolland AS, Maltete D, Rouaud T, Meyer M, Drapier S, Giordana B, Anheim M, Hainque E, Jarraya B, Benatru I, Auzou N, Belamri L, Tir M, Marques AR, Thobois S, Eusebio A, Corvol JC, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDI-STIM study group. Personality dimensions of patients can change during the course of parkinson's disease. PLoS One. 2021 Jan 7;16(1):e0245142. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245142. eCollection 2021.</citation>
      <PMID>33411732</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Boussac M, Arbus C, Klinger H, Eusebio A, Hainque E, Corvol JC, Rascol O, Rousseau V, Harroch E, d'Apollonia CS, Croiset A, Ory-Magne F, De Barros A, Fabbri M, Moreau C, Rolland AS, Benatru I, Anheim M, Marques AR, Maltete D, Drapier S, Jarraya B, Hubsch C, Guehl D, Meyer M, Rouaud T, Giordana B, Tir M, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDISTIM study group. Personality Related to Quality-of-Life Improvement After Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease (PSYCHO-STIM II). J Parkinsons Dis. 2022;12(2):699-711. doi: 10.3233/JPD-212883.</citation>
      <PMID>34897100</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Brefel-Courbon C, Grolleau S, Thalamas C, Bourrel R, Allaria-Lapierre V, Loi R, Micallef-Roll J, Lapeyre-Mestre M. Comparison of chronic analgesic drugs prevalence in Parkinson's disease, other chronic diseases and the general population. Pain. 2009 Jan;141(1-2):14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.04.026. Epub 2008 Dec 4.</citation>
      <PMID>19062167</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Brefel-Courbon C, Ory-Magne F, Thalamas C, Payoux P, Rascol O. Nociceptive brain activation in patients with neuropathic pain related to Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013 May;19(5):548-52. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Feb 23.</citation>
      <PMID>23462484</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Brefel-Courbon C, Payoux P, Thalamas C, Ory F, Quelven I, Chollet F, Montastruc JL, Rascol O. Effect of levodopa on pain threshold in Parkinson's disease: a clinical and positron emission tomography study. Mov Disord. 2005 Dec;20(12):1557-63. doi: 10.1002/mds.20629.</citation>
      <PMID>16078219</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Chaudhuri KR, Schapira AH. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: dopaminergic pathophysiology and treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2009 May;8(5):464-74. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70068-7.</citation>
      <PMID>19375664</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Chaudhuri KR, Rizos A, Trenkwalder C, Rascol O, Pal S, Martino D, Carroll C, Paviour D, Falup-Pecurariu C, Kessel B, Silverdale M, Todorova A, Sauerbier A, Odin P, Antonini A, Martinez-Martin P; EUROPAR and the IPMDS Non Motor PD Study Group. King's Parkinson's disease pain scale, the first scale for pain in PD: An international validation. Mov Disord. 2015 Oct;30(12):1623-31. doi: 10.1002/mds.26270. Epub 2015 Jun 11.</citation>
      <PMID>26096067</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Cloninger CR. Temperament and personality. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1994 Apr;4(2):266-73. doi: 10.1016/0959-4388(94)90083-3.</citation>
      <PMID>8038587</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Costes N, Merlet I, Zimmer L, Lavenne F, Cinotti L, Delforge J, Luxen A, Pujol JF, Le Bars D. Modeling [18 F]MPPF positron emission tomography kinetics for the determination of 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor concentration with multiinjection. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002 Jun;22(6):753-65. doi: 10.1097/00004647-200206000-00014.</citation>
      <PMID>12045674</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Dellapina E, Gerdelat-Mas A, Ory-Magne F, Pourcel L, Galitzky M, Calvas F, Simonetta-Moreau M, Thalamas C, Payoux P, Brefel-Courbon C. Apomorphine effect on pain threshold in Parkinson's disease: a clinical and positron emission tomography study. Mov Disord. 2011 Jan;26(1):153-7. doi: 10.1002/mds.23406. Epub 2010 Oct 19.</citation>
      <PMID>20960436</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Dellapina E, Pellaprat J, Adel D, Llido J, Harroch E, Martini JB, Kas A, Salabert AS, Ory-Magne F, Payoux P, Brefel-Courbon C. Dopaminergic denervation using [123I]-FPCIT and pain in Parkinson's disease: a correlation study. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2019 Mar;126(3):279-287. doi: 10.1007/s00702-019-01974-5. Epub 2019 Jan 31.</citation>
      <PMID>30706197</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Defazio G, Berardelli A, Fabbrini G, Martino D, Fincati E, Fiaschi A, Moretto G, Abbruzzese G, Marchese R, Bonuccelli U, Del Dotto P, Barone P, De Vivo E, Albanese A, Antonini A, Canesi M, Lopiano L, Zibetti M, Nappi G, Martignoni E, Lamberti P, Tinazzi M. Pain as a nonmotor symptom of Parkinson disease: evidence from a case-control study. Arch Neurol. 2008 Sep;65(9):1191-4. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2008.2.</citation>
      <PMID>18779422</PMID>
    </reference>
    <verification_date>August 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>May 10, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 22, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 24, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>August 22, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>August 22, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 24, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>PD-related central pain</keyword>
    <keyword>PET [18F] MPPF</keyword>
    <keyword>serotoninergic system</keyword>
    <keyword>multimodal imaging</keyword>
    <keyword>pain threshold</keyword>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Parkinson Disease</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06008704
  org study id: RC31/21/0566
  secondary id: 2022-501123-24
  nct id: NCT06008704
  lead sponsor: 
  has dmc: No
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  This project will explore the involvement of the serotonin system in the pathophysiology of
        PD-related central pain. Thus, the serotonin system will be evaluated in PD patients with and
        without central pain who will benefit from brain positron emission tomography (PET) allowing
        in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors and multimodal brain MRI including morphometric imaging
        and functional connectivity (resting state acquisition).
  The prevalence of chronic pain in PD can be estimated at 60-80% from several epidemiological
        studies. Both semiological and pathophysiological classification proposes specific and
        non-specific pain in PD. While non-specific pain is not directly related to PD but may be
        aggravated by the disease, specific pain is a direct result of the disease with dystonic pain
        characterized by painful cramps in relation to motor symptoms and non-systematic central pain
        such as burning, paresthesia, compression (central parkinsonian pain). A case-control study
        reported that cramp-like pain and central pain were three times more frequent in parkinsonian
        patients than in the general population. Pathophysiologically, several studies suggest an
        abnormal nociceptive integration process in PD patients. Previous studies have indicated that
        the nociceptive signal is amplified along the pain transmission pathways. This could be
        related to increased facilitation through central sensitization of pain pathways or decreased
        inhibition (reduced activity of descending inhibitory control systems). Several recent
        studies suggest that the noradrenergic and/or serotonergic systems may be involved in the
        pathophysiology of PD-related pain. Therefore, this project will explore the involvement of
        the serotonergic system in the pathophysiology of pain using brain neuroimaging in PD
        patients with central pain.
  
        The present study hypothesize that the binding of the radiotracer [18F]-MPPF, allowing in
        vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors, will be reduced in PD patients with central pain compared to
        non-painful PD patients at the level of the median raphe, but also at the level of several
        brain structures involved in the pain matrix such as the insula, the anterior and posterior
        cingulate cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, etc. A correlation between the clinical
        parameters of pain and the brain structures in which MRP binding is decreased should make it
        possible to confirm the link between these serotonin binding anomalies and pain. Finally, the
        morphological and functional MRI study should make it possible to identify structural and
        functional abnormalities within the pain networks in painful Parkinson's patients.
  allocation: Non-Randomized
  intervention model: Parallel Assignment
  intervention model description: physio-pathological prospective open study
  primary purpose: Basic Science
  masking: None (Open Label)
  measure: Distribution volume ratio of [18F]-MPPF
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: The MRP [18F]-MPPF marking the 5 HT1A receptors allows the in vivo visualization of serotonergic neurons and it's sensitive to extracellular variations of serotonin
  measure: Pain intensity and [18F]-MPPF uptake
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and central pain intensity measured with the Visual Analog Score for pain (Scale from 0 to 10, 10 being the most fote intensity of pain)
  measure: Functional impairment and [18F]-MPPF uptake
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and functional impairment, measured with the Primary Parkinsonian Pain Diagnostic Questionnaire .
  It is a 39-item self-questionnaire evaluating the motor and psychological quality of life of Parkinson's patients over the past month. Each question is rated from 0 (no disturbance) to 4 (maximum disturbance), and items are divided into 8 dimensions (mobility, activities of daily life, emotional well-being, psychological discomfort, social support, cognitive disorders, communication, physical discomfort).
  A score is calculte in percentage. The higher the score, the lower the quality of life in this dimension. It is a simple and fast scale of transfer, reliable and validated, sensitive to change.
  measure: Pain perception thresholds and [18F]-MPPF uptake
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Correlation between [18F]-MPPF uptake and pain perception thresholds, measured with the thermotest
  measure: Macrostructural markers
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Measurement of macrostructural markers obtained by MRI Macrostructural markers measured by T1 and T2 sequences: density of gray matter
  measure: Central pain characteristics measured by Visual Analog Score for pain (VAS) and brain macrostructural markers
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Correlation between brain macrostructural markers and central pain characteristics measured with the Visual Analog Score for pain (VAS) which consists of a 10cm line, with two end points representing 0 ('no pain') and 10 ('pain as bad as it could possibly be')
  measure: 5HT1A-receptors specific radioligand binding and functional networks connectivity
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Correlation between 5HT1A receptors specific radioligand binding and functional networks connectivity, obtained by IRM
  measure: Behavioral population characteristics obtained with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD)
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Mean of patient's behavioral characteristics score obtained with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) which is scored between 0 meaning no impairment and 3 being severe impairment
  measure: Motor population characteristics obtained with the Movement Disorders Society-sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS)
  time frame: during the procedure
  description: Mean of patient's motor characteristics score obtained with the Movement Disorders Society-sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), which score ranges from 0 to 260, with 0 indicating no disability and 260 indicating total disability
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group type: Other
  description: Patients from both groups will receive the same interventions, the difference between groups is the eligibility criteria. In this arm only patients presenting central chronic pain will be included
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  arm group type: Other
  description: Patients from both groups will receive the same interventions, the difference between groups is the eligibility criteria. In this arm only patients without central chronic pain will be included
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: Clinical assessment
  description: The clinical assessment consists on behavioural and motor evaluations to determine the characteristics of the population
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: Pain characteristics assessment
  description: The pain characteristics assessment will be made with a variety of scales and questionnaires which allow to identify the extent of central pain and functional impairment
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: MRI
  description: The MRI examination allows anatomical imaging, diffusion imaging and functional imaging to measure specific markers
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: Thermotest
  description: The thermotest is performed to assess the pain perception threshold
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: UPDRS-III Scale
  description: The UPDRS-III scale allows to asses motor functionality of PD patients
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  intervention type: Diagnostic Test
  intervention name: [18F]-MPPF PET scan
  description: The PET scan after injection of [18F]-MPPF at a dose of 200 Megabecquerel/kg +/-10% allows in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors
  arm group label: PD patients with central chronic pain
  arm group label: PD patients without pain
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 40 Years
  maximum age: 80 Years
  healthy volunteers: No
  last name: Christine BREFEL-COURBON, MD PhD
  role: Principal Investigator
  affiliation: University Hospital, Toulouse
  last name: Christine BREFEL-COURBON, MD PhD
  phone: 33-561777753
  email: Brefel-Courbon Christine <christine.brefel-courbon@univ-tlse3.fr>
  facility: 
  contact: 
  country: France
  citation: Aznavour N, Zimmer L. [18F]MPPF as a tool for the in vivo imaging of 5-HT1A receptors in animal and human brain. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Mar;52(3):695-707. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.09.023. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
  PMID: 17101155
  citation: Boussac M, Arbus C, Dupouy J, Harroch E, Rousseau V, Ory-Magne F, Rascol O, Moreau C, Maltete D, Rouaud T, Meyer M, Houvenaghel JF, Marse C, Tranchant C, Hainque E, Jarraya B, Ansquer S, Bonnet M, Belamri L, Tir M, Marques AR, Danaila T, Eusebio A, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDI-STIM study group*. Personality Dimensions Are Associated with Quality of Life in Fluctuating Parkinson's Disease Patients (PSYCHO-STIM). J Parkinsons Dis. 2020;10(3):1057-1066. doi: 10.3233/JPD-191903.
  PMID: 32444557
  citation: Boussac M, Arbus C, Dupouy J, Harroch E, Rousseau V, Croiset A, Ory-Magne F, Rascol O, Moreau C, Rolland AS, Maltete D, Rouaud T, Meyer M, Drapier S, Giordana B, Anheim M, Hainque E, Jarraya B, Benatru I, Auzou N, Belamri L, Tir M, Marques AR, Thobois S, Eusebio A, Corvol JC, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDI-STIM study group. Personality dimensions of patients can change during the course of parkinson's disease. PLoS One. 2021 Jan 7;16(1):e0245142. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245142. eCollection 2021.
  PMID: 33411732
  citation: Boussac M, Arbus C, Klinger H, Eusebio A, Hainque E, Corvol JC, Rascol O, Rousseau V, Harroch E, d'Apollonia CS, Croiset A, Ory-Magne F, De Barros A, Fabbri M, Moreau C, Rolland AS, Benatru I, Anheim M, Marques AR, Maltete D, Drapier S, Jarraya B, Hubsch C, Guehl D, Meyer M, Rouaud T, Giordana B, Tir M, Devos D, Brefel-Courbon C; PREDISTIM study group. Personality Related to Quality-of-Life Improvement After Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease (PSYCHO-STIM II). J Parkinsons Dis. 2022;12(2):699-711. doi: 10.3233/JPD-212883.
  PMID: 34897100
  citation: Brefel-Courbon C, Grolleau S, Thalamas C, Bourrel R, Allaria-Lapierre V, Loi R, Micallef-Roll J, Lapeyre-Mestre M. Comparison of chronic analgesic drugs prevalence in Parkinson's disease, other chronic diseases and the general population. Pain. 2009 Jan;141(1-2):14-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.04.026. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
  PMID: 19062167
  citation: Brefel-Courbon C, Ory-Magne F, Thalamas C, Payoux P, Rascol O. Nociceptive brain activation in patients with neuropathic pain related to Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2013 May;19(5):548-52. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Feb 23.
  PMID: 23462484
  citation: Brefel-Courbon C, Payoux P, Thalamas C, Ory F, Quelven I, Chollet F, Montastruc JL, Rascol O. Effect of levodopa on pain threshold in Parkinson's disease: a clinical and positron emission tomography study. Mov Disord. 2005 Dec;20(12):1557-63. doi: 10.1002/mds.20629.
  PMID: 16078219
  citation: Chaudhuri KR, Schapira AH. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: dopaminergic pathophysiology and treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2009 May;8(5):464-74. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70068-7.
  PMID: 19375664
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  PMID: 26096067
  citation: Cloninger CR. Temperament and personality. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1994 Apr;4(2):266-73. doi: 10.1016/0959-4388(94)90083-3.
  PMID: 8038587
  citation: Costes N, Merlet I, Zimmer L, Lavenne F, Cinotti L, Delforge J, Luxen A, Pujol JF, Le Bars D. Modeling [18 F]MPPF positron emission tomography kinetics for the determination of 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor concentration with multiinjection. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002 Jun;22(6):753-65. doi: 10.1097/00004647-200206000-00014.
  PMID: 12045674
  citation: Dellapina E, Gerdelat-Mas A, Ory-Magne F, Pourcel L, Galitzky M, Calvas F, Simonetta-Moreau M, Thalamas C, Payoux P, Brefel-Courbon C. Apomorphine effect on pain threshold in Parkinson's disease: a clinical and positron emission tomography study. Mov Disord. 2011 Jan;26(1):153-7. doi: 10.1002/mds.23406. Epub 2010 Oct 19.
  PMID: 20960436
  citation: Dellapina E, Pellaprat J, Adel D, Llido J, Harroch E, Martini JB, Kas A, Salabert AS, Ory-Magne F, Payoux P, Brefel-Courbon C. Dopaminergic denervation using [123I]-FPCIT and pain in Parkinson's disease: a correlation study. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2019 Mar;126(3):279-287. doi: 10.1007/s00702-019-01974-5. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
  PMID: 30706197
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  PMID: 18779422
  responsible party type: Sponsor
  mesh term: Parkinson Disease
  sharing ipd: No