xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05973526</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>Eletrolipolysis</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT05973526</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Comparison of the Effects of Electric Current With Needles and Surface Electrodes on the Abdominal Contour of Women</brief_title>
    <official_title>Comparative Acute Effects of the Application of Percutaneous and Transcutaneous Electrolipolysis on the Female Abdominal Contour: a Cross Over Clinical Trial</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Universidade Federal de Pernambuco</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
      <collaborator>
        <agency>Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </collaborator>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Universidade Federal de Pernambuco</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the acute effects of percutaneous and&#xD;
        transcutaneous eletroclipolysis on abdominal contour in women. The main question it aims to&#xD;
        answer are:&#xD;
  &#xD;
        • Is there superiority in percutaneous and transcutaneous electrolipolysis techniques?&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Participants will undergo 12 sessions of 50 minutes each performed twice a week, totaling 6&#xD;
        weeks, after randomizing the hemibody for each technique.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Researchers will compare the hemibody with the percutaneous technique with the hemibody with&#xD;
        the transcutaneous technique to see if there is a reduction of the adipose tissue.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Abdominal Adiposity consists of an increase in adipose tissue in the abdomen region, which&#xD;
        may be associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular pathologies, metabolic disorders and&#xD;
        dyslipidemias, in addition to affecting self-esteem and social life due to aesthetics body&#xD;
        provided by the volume increase of the contour. Electrolipolysis proves to be one of the&#xD;
        accessible and low-cost resources, capable of promoting good therapeutic results through the&#xD;
        passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, either with its percutaneous or&#xD;
        transcutaneous technique. The study aims to compare the acute effects of percutaneous and&#xD;
        transcutaneous electrolipolysis, considering comfort during execution.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Actual">May 16, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">October 30, 2024</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">April 30, 2024</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Crossover Assignment</intervention_model>
      <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
      <masking>Single (Investigator)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Reduction of Adipose Tissue</measure>
      <time_frame>From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>It is expected to find a reduction in adipose tissue in both techniques, with similar results, verified by ultrasonography and adipometry, from the verification of a variation in the pre- and post-intervention measurements of thickness of adipose tissue in centimeters</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Vascularization Changes</measure>
      <time_frame>From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Evaluate the possible alterations in the vascularization of the infraumbilical region through thermography, from the verification of variation in the pre- and post-intervention measures in body temperature in degrees celsius.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Satisfaction Evaluation</measure>
      <time_frame>From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Evaluate satisfaction with each technique using a Likert-type scoring scale. The satisfaction scale ranges from 1 to 5, where 1 is the worst score and means no satisfaction, and 5 is the best score, extremely satisfied.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">20</enrollment>
    <condition>Abdominal Fat</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Percutaneous</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>In one of the infraumbilical hemibody, for percutaneous electrolipolysis, 2 pairs of needles will be introduced (0 ,25mm x 40mm) paired at a distance of 5 cm at 45º reaching the dermis-hypodermis tissue. The needles will be positioned at a distance of 2 cm laterally to the umbilicus and 5 cm below this marking, covering an area of about 10 cm laterally. This technique will have their electrodes connected to the Neurodyn 10-channel device belonging to the brand Ibramed®, in the electrolipolysis program.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Transcutaneous</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>In one of the infraumbilical hemibody, for transcutaneous electrolipolysis, 1 pair of silicone electrodes with conductive gel will be fixed with adhesive tape. The surface electrodes will be positioned at a distance of 2 cm laterally to the umbilicus and 5 cm below this marking, This technique will have their electrodes connected to the Neurodyn 10-channel device belonging to the brand Ibramed®, in the electrolipolysis program.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Percutaneous Electrolipolysis</intervention_name>
      <description>Electrolipolysis consists in the passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, causing lipolysis. The proposed protocol consists of 2 weekly sessions for 6 weeks, totaling 12 sessions, using needles.</description>
      <arm_group_label>Percutaneous</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Transcutaneous Electrolipolysis</intervention_name>
      <description>Electrolipolysis consists in the passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, causing lipolysis. The proposed protocol consists of 2 weekly sessions for 6 weeks, totaling 12 sessions, using the surface electrodos.</description>
      <arm_group_label>Transcutaneous</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Women between with localized abdominal fat&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m2 (adequate weight and overweight)&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Who have not undergone any treatment for the condition experienced in the last 6&#xD;
               months&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Sedentary&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Not on a supervised diet&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Smokers&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Alcoholics&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Pregnant women&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Metabolic and circulatory system disorders&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Pacemaker&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Metallic implants&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Tumors/metastasis&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Dermatitis&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  In treatment with corticosteroids and/or prolonged progesterone&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Skin ulcers/lesions&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Needle phobia (aichmophobia)&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Sensitivity alteration in the region to be treated&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Unable to understand the form and/or procedure&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Not completing the suggested protocol&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Dietary changes during the research&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>35 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Marcelo Renato Guerino, PhD</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Juliana Netto Maia, PhD</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Rennatha Moura Medeiros</last_name>
      <phone>+55 (81) 997166634</phone>
      <email>rennathamedeiros@outlook.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Federal University of Pernambuco</name>
        <address>
          <city>Recife</city>
          <state>Pernambuco</state>
          <zip>50670-901</zip>
          <country>Brazil</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
      <status>Recruiting</status>
      <contact>
        <last_name>Rennatha Moura Medeiros</last_name>
        <phone>+55 (81) 997166634</phone>
        <email>rennathamedeiros@outlook.com</email>
      </contact>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Brazil</country>
    </location_countries>
    <link>
      <url>https://www.scielo.br/j/fm/a/GDJy5fQFJFvjggZP8rPk7wm/abstract/?lang=en</url>
      <description>Thermographic and anthropometric assessment of electrical stimulation on localized body fat.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>http://revistams.inspirar.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/pub_1004-2021.pdf</url>
      <description>Efeitos imediatos do ultrassom estacionário sobre a gordura subcutânea e retenção hídrica na região abdominal.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-789764</url>
      <description>Comparação dos efeitos da eletrolipólise transcutânea e percutânea sobre a gordura localizada na região abdominal e de flancos através da perimetria e análise de bioimpedância elétrica.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/2655/265541072002.pdf</url>
      <description>Fisiopatologia da lipodistrofiaginoide.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/2655/265542585002.pdf</url>
      <description>Estudo histológico comparativo e controlado de fibras colágenas da pele humana após terapia celular com fibroblastos.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23317303/</url>
      <description>Human adipose dynamics and metabolic health.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://idonline.emnuvens.com.br/id/article/view/900</url>
      <description>Ação e eficácia do tratamento com a Radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal em mulheres.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://revistadeeducacaofisica.emnuvens.com.br/revista/article/view/819</url>
      <description>Alterações fisiológicas, percepção subjetiva de esforço e percepção de conforto durante formatura militar: um estudo experimental.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-021-00493-6</url>
      <description>Lipolysis: cellular mechanisms for lipid mobilization from fat stores.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29230714/</url>
      <description>Obesity phenotypes: depot-differences in adipose tissue and their clinical implications.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29205814/</url>
      <description>Immediate effect and safety of HIFU single treatment for male subcutaneous fat reduction.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23068073/</url>
      <description>Adipose tissue heterogeneity: implication of depot differences in adipose tissue for obesity complications.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://journals.ipl.pt/stecnologia/article/view/532</url>
      <description>A ultrassonografia enquanto método para caracterização do tecido adiposo abdominal.</description>
    </link>
    <link>
      <url>https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1386</url>
      <description>The use of a thermographic camera in aiding the diagnosis of cellulite appearance.</description>
    </link>
    <reference>
      <citation>AROCA, Graciele Guimarães Pitelli et al. Thermographic and anthropometric assessment of electrical stimulation on localized body fat. Fisioterapia em movimento, v. 30, p. 29-37, 2017.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>CASTILLO, Carlos et al. Efeitos imediatos do ultrassom estacionário sobre a gordura subcutânea e retenção hídrica na região abdominal. Revista Inspirar Movimento &amp; Saude, v. 22, n. 2, 2022.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>MELLO, Pâmela Billig et al. Comparação dos efeitos da eletrolipólise transcutânea e percutânea sobre a gordura localizada na região abdominal e de flancos através da perimetria e análise de bioimpedância elétrica. Fisioterapia Brasil, v. 11, n. 3, p. 198-203, 2010.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>CUNHA, Marisa; CUNHA, Ana Lucia; MACHADO, Carlos. Fisiopatologia da lipodistrofiaginoide. Surgical&amp;Cosmetic Dermatology., v. 7, n. 2, p. 98-102 2015.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>EÇA, Lilian Piñeiro Marcolin et al. Estudo histológico comparativo e controlado de fibras colágenas da pele humana após terapia celular com fibroblastos. Surgical&amp;Cosmetic Dermatology, v. 7, n. 3, p. 206-210, 2015.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Feng B, Zhang T, Xu H. Human adipose dynamics and metabolic health. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2013 Apr;1281(1):160-77. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12009. Epub 2013 Jan 14.</citation>
      <PMID>23317303</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>FERREIRA, Susan Caroline Santos et al. Ação e eficácia do tratamento com a Radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal em mulheres. Revista de psicologia, v. 11, n. 38, p. 349-358, 2017.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>GONÇALVES, Michel Moraes et al. Alterações fisiológicas, percepção subjetiva de esforço e percepção de conforto durante formatura militar: um estudo experimental. Revista de Educação Física/Journal of Physical Education, v. 88, n. 3, 2019.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Grabner GF, Xie H, Schweiger M, Zechner R. Lipolysis: cellular mechanisms for lipid mobilization from fat stores. Nat Metab. 2021 Nov;3(11):1445-1465. doi: 10.1038/s42255-021-00493-6. Epub 2021 Nov 19.</citation>
      <PMID>34799702</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Guglielmi V, Sbraccia P. Obesity phenotypes: depot-differences in adipose tissue and their clinical implications. Eat Weight Disord. 2018 Feb;23(1):3-14. doi: 10.1007/s40519-017-0467-9. Epub 2017 Dec 11.</citation>
      <PMID>29230714</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Guth F, Bitencourt S, Bedinot C, Sinigaglia G, Tassinary JAF. Immediate effect and safety of HIFU single treatment for male subcutaneous fat reduction. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018 Jun;17(3):385-389. doi: 10.1111/jocd.12466. Epub 2017 Dec 4.</citation>
      <PMID>29205814</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Lee MJ, Wu Y, Fried SK. Adipose tissue heterogeneity: implication of depot differences in adipose tissue for obesity complications. Mol Aspects Med. 2013 Feb;34(1):1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.10.001. Epub 2012 Oct 13.</citation>
      <PMID>23068073</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>RIBEIRO, Ricardo et al. A ultrassonografia enquanto método para caracterização do tecido adiposo abdominal. Saúde &amp; Tecnologia, n. 22, p. 13-21, 2019.</citation>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>SILVA, Julianna; ARAÚJO, Maria; GUERINO, Marcelo. The use of a thermographic camera in aiding the diagnosis of cellulite appearance. O mundo da saúde, v. 46, p. 279-288, 2022.</citation>
    </reference>
    <verification_date>July 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>July 21, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>July 31, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 3, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>July 31, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>July 31, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 3, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>Universidade Federal de Pernambuco</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Rennatha de Moura Medeiros</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Principal Investigator</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>adipose tissue</keyword>
    <keyword>subcutaneous fat</keyword>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05973526
  org study id: Eletrolipolysis
  nct id: NCT05973526
  lead sponsor: 
  collaborator: 
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the acute effects of percutaneous and
        transcutaneous eletroclipolysis on abdominal contour in women. The main question it aims to
        answer are:
  
        • Is there superiority in percutaneous and transcutaneous electrolipolysis techniques?
  
        Participants will undergo 12 sessions of 50 minutes each performed twice a week, totaling 6
        weeks, after randomizing the hemibody for each technique.
  
        Researchers will compare the hemibody with the percutaneous technique with the hemibody with
        the transcutaneous technique to see if there is a reduction of the adipose tissue.
  Abdominal Adiposity consists of an increase in adipose tissue in the abdomen region, which
        may be associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular pathologies, metabolic disorders and
        dyslipidemias, in addition to affecting self-esteem and social life due to aesthetics body
        provided by the volume increase of the contour. Electrolipolysis proves to be one of the
        accessible and low-cost resources, capable of promoting good therapeutic results through the
        passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, either with its percutaneous or
        transcutaneous technique. The study aims to compare the acute effects of percutaneous and
        transcutaneous electrolipolysis, considering comfort during execution.
  allocation: Randomized
  intervention model: Crossover Assignment
  primary purpose: Treatment
  masking: Single (Investigator)
  measure: Reduction of Adipose Tissue
  time frame: From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks
  description: It is expected to find a reduction in adipose tissue in both techniques, with similar results, verified by ultrasonography and adipometry, from the verification of a variation in the pre- and post-intervention measurements of thickness of adipose tissue in centimeters
  measure: Vascularization Changes
  time frame: From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks
  description: Evaluate the possible alterations in the vascularization of the infraumbilical region through thermography, from the verification of variation in the pre- and post-intervention measures in body temperature in degrees celsius.
  measure: Satisfaction Evaluation
  time frame: From enrollment to end of treatment at 6 weeks
  description: Evaluate satisfaction with each technique using a Likert-type scoring scale. The satisfaction scale ranges from 1 to 5, where 1 is the worst score and means no satisfaction, and 5 is the best score, extremely satisfied.
  arm group label: Percutaneous
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: In one of the infraumbilical hemibody, for percutaneous electrolipolysis, 2 pairs of needles will be introduced (0 ,25mm x 40mm) paired at a distance of 5 cm at 45º reaching the dermis-hypodermis tissue. The needles will be positioned at a distance of 2 cm laterally to the umbilicus and 5 cm below this marking, covering an area of about 10 cm laterally. This technique will have their electrodes connected to the Neurodyn 10-channel device belonging to the brand Ibramed®, in the electrolipolysis program.
  arm group label: Transcutaneous
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: In one of the infraumbilical hemibody, for transcutaneous electrolipolysis, 1 pair of silicone electrodes with conductive gel will be fixed with adhesive tape. The surface electrodes will be positioned at a distance of 2 cm laterally to the umbilicus and 5 cm below this marking, This technique will have their electrodes connected to the Neurodyn 10-channel device belonging to the brand Ibramed®, in the electrolipolysis program.
  intervention type: Procedure
  intervention name: Percutaneous Electrolipolysis
  description: Electrolipolysis consists in the passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, causing lipolysis. The proposed protocol consists of 2 weekly sessions for 6 weeks, totaling 12 sessions, using needles.
  arm group label: Percutaneous
  intervention type: Procedure
  intervention name: Transcutaneous Electrolipolysis
  description: Electrolipolysis consists in the passage of electric current to the adipose tissue, causing lipolysis. The proposed protocol consists of 2 weekly sessions for 6 weeks, totaling 12 sessions, using the surface electrodos.
  arm group label: Transcutaneous
  criteria: 
  gender: Female
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: 35 Years
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  last name: Marcelo Renato Guerino, PhD
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  last name: Juliana Netto Maia, PhD
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  last name: Rennatha Moura Medeiros
  phone: +55 (81) 997166634
  email: rennathamedeiros@outlook.com
  facility: 
  status: Recruiting
  contact: 
  country: Brazil
  url: https://www.scielo.br/j/fm/a/GDJy5fQFJFvjggZP8rPk7wm/abstract/?lang=en
  description: Thermographic and anthropometric assessment of electrical stimulation on localized body fat.
  url: http://revistams.inspirar.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/pub_1004-2021.pdf
  description: Efeitos imediatos do ultrassom estacionário sobre a gordura subcutânea e retenção hídrica na região abdominal.
  url: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-789764
  description: Comparação dos efeitos da eletrolipólise transcutânea e percutânea sobre a gordura localizada na região abdominal e de flancos através da perimetria e análise de bioimpedância elétrica.
  url: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/2655/265541072002.pdf
  description: Fisiopatologia da lipodistrofiaginoide.
  url: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/2655/265542585002.pdf
  description: Estudo histológico comparativo e controlado de fibras colágenas da pele humana após terapia celular com fibroblastos.
  url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23317303/
  description: Human adipose dynamics and metabolic health.
  url: https://idonline.emnuvens.com.br/id/article/view/900
  description: Ação e eficácia do tratamento com a Radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal em mulheres.
  url: https://revistadeeducacaofisica.emnuvens.com.br/revista/article/view/819
  description: Alterações fisiológicas, percepção subjetiva de esforço e percepção de conforto durante formatura militar: um estudo experimental.
  url: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-021-00493-6
  description: Lipolysis: cellular mechanisms for lipid mobilization from fat stores.
  url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29230714/
  description: Obesity phenotypes: depot-differences in adipose tissue and their clinical implications.
  url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29205814/
  description: Immediate effect and safety of HIFU single treatment for male subcutaneous fat reduction.
  url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23068073/
  description: Adipose tissue heterogeneity: implication of depot differences in adipose tissue for obesity complications.
  url: https://journals.ipl.pt/stecnologia/article/view/532
  description: A ultrassonografia enquanto método para caracterização do tecido adiposo abdominal.
  url: https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1386
  description: The use of a thermographic camera in aiding the diagnosis of cellulite appearance.
  citation: AROCA, Graciele Guimarães Pitelli et al. Thermographic and anthropometric assessment of electrical stimulation on localized body fat. Fisioterapia em movimento, v. 30, p. 29-37, 2017.
  citation: CASTILLO, Carlos et al. Efeitos imediatos do ultrassom estacionário sobre a gordura subcutânea e retenção hídrica na região abdominal. Revista Inspirar Movimento & Saude, v. 22, n. 2, 2022.
  citation: MELLO, Pâmela Billig et al. Comparação dos efeitos da eletrolipólise transcutânea e percutânea sobre a gordura localizada na região abdominal e de flancos através da perimetria e análise de bioimpedância elétrica. Fisioterapia Brasil, v. 11, n. 3, p. 198-203, 2010.
  citation: CUNHA, Marisa; CUNHA, Ana Lucia; MACHADO, Carlos. Fisiopatologia da lipodistrofiaginoide. Surgical&Cosmetic Dermatology., v. 7, n. 2, p. 98-102 2015.
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  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  investigator full name: Rennatha de Moura Medeiros
  investigator title: Principal Investigator