xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06025019</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>HKBU21481504ZP</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06025019</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Effectiveness of Parent-based Electronic Health (eHealth) Intervention on Preschoolers' Physical Activity, Dietary Behaviors, and Sleep Problems</brief_title>
    <official_title>Effectiveness of Parent-based Electronic Health (eHealth) Intervention on Preschoolers' Physical Activity, Dietary Behaviors, and Sleep Problems</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Hong Kong Baptist University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
      <collaborator>
        <agency>Beijing Normal University - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College National Fitness Research Center</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </collaborator>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Hong Kong Baptist University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        Background: Preschoolers' lifestyles have become physically inactive and sedentary, their&#xD;
        eating habits unhealthy, and their sleep routines increasingly disturbed. Parental&#xD;
        involvement appears to be crucial to combat unhealthy lifestyle of preschoolers. Because of&#xD;
        recognized barriers of traditional face-to-face interventions (such as time commitment for&#xD;
        parents), easy access and lower costs make electronic health (eHealth) interventions&#xD;
        appealing. Previous studies that examined the effectiveness of parent-based eHealth on&#xD;
        preschooler's (physical activity) PA, dietary behaviors (DB), and sleep have either&#xD;
        emphasized on one variable or failed to balance the dosage of PA, diet, and sleep modules or&#xD;
        consider the intervention sequence during the intervention period and there is an&#xD;
        acknowledged gap in parent-based eHealth interventions which target preschoolers raised in&#xD;
        Chinese cultural contexts.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of parent-based eHealth&#xD;
        intervention on Chinese preschoolers' PA, DB, and sleep problems.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Methods: This two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial comprises a 12-week intervention&#xD;
        with a 12-week follow-up. 206 parent-child dyads will be randomized to either eHealth&#xD;
        intervention group or control group. Participants allocated to the eHealth intervention will&#xD;
        receive 12 interactive modules on PA, DB, and sleep, with each module rot on a weekly basis&#xD;
        to reduce the sequence effect on variable outcomes. The intervention is grounded upon Social&#xD;
        Cognitive Theory and will be delivered through social media, where parents can obtain valid&#xD;
        and updated educational information, social rapport, and interact with other group members&#xD;
        and facilitators. Participants in the control group will receive weekly brochures on PA, DB,&#xD;
        and sleep recommendations from the kindergarten teachers, but they will not receive any&#xD;
        interactive components. Data will be collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The&#xD;
        primary outcome will be the preschooler's physical activity. The secondary outcomes will be&#xD;
        the preschooler's dietary behaviors, preschooler's sleep duration, and preschooler's sleep&#xD;
        problems, parent's PA, parenting style, and parental feeding style.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Significance of this study: The parent-based eHealth intervention has potential to overcome&#xD;
        the aforementioned barriers of face-to-face interventions, which will offer a novel approach&#xD;
        for promoting healthy lifestyle of preschoolers. If found to be efficacious, the prevalence&#xD;
        of unhealthy lifestyles among preschoolers may be alleviated at a low cost, which not only&#xD;
        has a positive influence on the health of the individual and the well-being of the family but&#xD;
        also reduces the financial pressure on society to treat diseases caused by poor lifestyle&#xD;
        habits.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">September 1, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">May 31, 2024</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">January 31, 2024</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
      <intervention_model_description>This study is a two parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial designed to promote preschoolers' PA, and DB, and reduce sleep problems by providing parents with relevant health information through the eHealth modality. The two arms comprise (1) eHealth intervention and (2) control group.</intervention_model_description>
      <primary_purpose>Prevention</primary_purpose>
      <masking>Double (Participant, Care Provider)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of preschoolers' physical activity</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Preschoolers' PA will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Garmin vivofit Jr 3 Fitness Tracker for Kids, which is a wrist-wear watch designed specifically for children from 4 to 9 years old to track PA in terms of steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in minutes per day but not energy expenditure. This device has shown to be valid and accurate in assessing PA in preschoolers.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of preschoolers' dietary behaviors</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Preschoolers' dietary behaviors will be assessed at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), which has been examined the validity in Chinese preschool-age children. The scales have high internal consistency reliability (range .72-.91) and test-retest reliability (range .52-.87).</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of preschoolers' sleep duration</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Preschoolers' sleep duration will be assessed at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Garmin Vivofit Jr 3 Fitness Tracker for kids. According to the manufacturer, Vivofit Jr 3 can track sleep, as well as work as an alarm clock, timer, and watch. Vivofit can be placed in sleep mode to track sleep time, amount of restful sleep, and movement during sleep. The Vivofit data can be uploaded to a personal computer via a wireless USB ANT StickTM and viewed on the software created by the manufacturer.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of preschoolers' sleep problems</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Children's sleep problems will be examined at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), which has been a frequently used parent survey to screen children aged from 4 to 10. It contains 33 items to form a different set of eight domains: bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night waking, parasomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. Each scored question is rated on a 3-point scale as &quot;usually if something occurs 5 or more times in a week&quot; (scored 3), &quot;sometimes if something occurs 2-4 times in a week&quot; (scored 2), &quot;rarely if something occurs never or 1 time during a week&quot; (scored 1). Higher scores represent greater sleep problems. The CSHQ has shown good reliability (Cronbach's Alpha is 0.73) and validity.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of parents' physical activity</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Parent's PA will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese Version of the International Physical Activity-Long Form (IPAQ-L). The IPAQ-L has been shown to be a reliable and validated measure for assessing PA levels in Chinese cities.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of parenting style</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Parenting style will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese version of parenting Style &amp; Dimension Questionnaire, which is a self-report instrument designed to measure authoritarian (e.g., I yell when I disapprove of my child's behavior), authoritative (e.g., I am responsive to my child's feelings and needs), and permissive parenting style (e.g., I find it difficult to discipline my child) of 4-12 years old children's parents. This scale comprises 32 items, with each item of scale evaluated by the five points Likert described as &quot;never&quot;, &quot;once in a while&quot;, &quot;about half of the time&quot;, &quot;very often&quot; and &quot;always&quot;. The overall Cronbach Alpha is 0.87</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change of parenting feeding style</measure>
      <time_frame>Through study completion, 24 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>Parenting feeding style will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese Version of the Parent Feeding Style Questionnaire, which consists of 4 parts: instrumental feeding (4 items), emotional feeding (5 items), prompting or encouragement to eat (8 items), and control over eating (10 items). Respondents will be asked to choose from a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from &quot;never&quot; to &quot;always&quot;). For example, &quot;I allow my child to choose which food to have for meals, I encourage my child to look forward to the meal.&quot; The average score on each scale will be calculated and a higher score indicated a greater tendency for parents to feed their children in that style. The overall Cronbach's Alpha is 0.75.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <other_outcome>
      <measure>Demographic information</measure>
      <time_frame>Baseline</time_frame>
      <description>Parents' information includes socioeconomic status (range of income, educational level, and occupational status), age, gender, marital status, and children's height, weight, birth order. (We will use SECA Medical Body Composition Analysis to measure Wight and Height. Weight is measured at 0.1 kg with the preschoolers barefoot and wearing light clothing and height is measured at 0.1 cm).</description>
    </other_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">512</enrollment>
    <condition>Healthy Lifestyle</condition>
    <condition>Physical Activity</condition>
    <condition>Dietary Behaviors</condition>
    <condition>Sleep</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Electronic Health (eHealth)</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>Participants allocated to the eHealth intervention group will be delivered the evidence-based information and interactive components via social media (i.e., WeChat, similar to WhatsApp; and TikTok/Douyin, similar to YouTube). The interactive components include game, push notification, social rapport, influence agent, goal setting and personalized feedback.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Control group</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
      <description>Participants allocated to the control group will be delivered printed evidence-based educational materials on standard recommendations for PA, diet, and sleep, without interactive components.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>parent-based Electronic Health intervention</intervention_name>
      <description>The eHealth intervention comprises 12 modules on three interaction modules related to physical activity, dietary behavior, and sleep. The intervention groups will be invited to a &quot;WeChat group&quot;. A 3-minute video (made on the TikTok APP) will be sent to each WeChat group. Based upon the social media studies recommendation, five to nine members in a group will produce the desirable group interactive effect. Therefore, the present study allocates eight parents to one WeChat group. In total, there will be 26 groups (206 parents) according to the sample size calculation. Consistent with Social Cognitive THeory, the content of each module will follow the four steps: 1. Attention (Read educational material and watch TikTok/Douyin video (less than 3 minutes). 2.Retention (parental interaction). 3.Reproduction (Set goals and conduct behaviors). 4.Motivation (feedback and making changes).</description>
      <arm_group_label>Electronic Health (eHealth)</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Parents are beyond 21 years old and have 4-6-year-old children. Selection of this&#xD;
               child's age range was based on two factors. First of all, the age ranges from 4 to 6&#xD;
               have been found to be a strong predictor of future health. Secondly, a significant&#xD;
               barrier to healthy DB is food neophobia, commonly known as picky or fussy eating, a&#xD;
               reluctance, fear, or refusal to have new foods that is common in young children aged&#xD;
               from 4 to 7.5 years.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Parental commitment to participate in the overall 6-month intervention.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. Parents have access to mobile technology.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. Parents and children must be healthy (refer to a state of physical, mental, social,&#xD;
               intellectual, and emotional well-being and the absence of disease) and can participate&#xD;
               in normal PA.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            5. Parents must reside with participating child for at least four days a week (for the&#xD;
               children to be adequately exposed to the intervention that parents may implement).&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. if they meet the WHO criteria for preschool age children in terms of PA (i.e., 180&#xD;
               minutes of in a variety of PA at any intensity, of which 60 minutes is MVPA),&#xD;
               sedentary behaviors (i.e., no more than 1 hour at a time being sedentary such as sit&#xD;
               in car, no more than 1 hour per day in screen time such as TV, phone, and computer),&#xD;
               DB (such as daily salt intake should be less than 5g), and sleep time (i.e., over 10&#xD;
               hours good quality sleep including nap, with regular sleep and wake time).&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. they diagnosed with neurological or physically disable and children who have a parent&#xD;
               suffering from a serious physical or psychological disease making the study too&#xD;
               demanding for the family will be excluded from the study.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. if they have special dietary requirements or allergies that would necessitate the&#xD;
               tailoring intervention or that may be adversely affected by the intervention. Eligible&#xD;
               participants will be required to provide informed consent by completing a written&#xD;
               consent form after reading the participant information.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>4 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>6 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Lau Wing Chung, Ph.D</last_name>
      <phone>34115634</phone>
      <email>wclau@hkbu.edu.hk</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <verification_date>May 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>July 9, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 29, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">September 6, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>August 29, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>August 29, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 6, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>physical activity</keyword>
    <keyword>dietary behaviors</keyword>
    <keyword>sleep</keyword>
    <keyword>parent-based intervention</keyword>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Dyssomnias</mesh_term>
      <mesh_term>Parasomnias</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06025019
  org study id: HKBU21481504ZP
  nct id: NCT06025019
  lead sponsor: 
  collaborator: 
  has dmc: No
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  Background: Preschoolers' lifestyles have become physically inactive and sedentary, their
        eating habits unhealthy, and their sleep routines increasingly disturbed. Parental
        involvement appears to be crucial to combat unhealthy lifestyle of preschoolers. Because of
        recognized barriers of traditional face-to-face interventions (such as time commitment for
        parents), easy access and lower costs make electronic health (eHealth) interventions
        appealing. Previous studies that examined the effectiveness of parent-based eHealth on
        preschooler's (physical activity) PA, dietary behaviors (DB), and sleep have either
        emphasized on one variable or failed to balance the dosage of PA, diet, and sleep modules or
        consider the intervention sequence during the intervention period and there is an
        acknowledged gap in parent-based eHealth interventions which target preschoolers raised in
        Chinese cultural contexts.
  
        Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of parent-based eHealth
        intervention on Chinese preschoolers' PA, DB, and sleep problems.
  
        Methods: This two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial comprises a 12-week intervention
        with a 12-week follow-up. 206 parent-child dyads will be randomized to either eHealth
        intervention group or control group. Participants allocated to the eHealth intervention will
        receive 12 interactive modules on PA, DB, and sleep, with each module rot on a weekly basis
        to reduce the sequence effect on variable outcomes. The intervention is grounded upon Social
        Cognitive Theory and will be delivered through social media, where parents can obtain valid
        and updated educational information, social rapport, and interact with other group members
        and facilitators. Participants in the control group will receive weekly brochures on PA, DB,
        and sleep recommendations from the kindergarten teachers, but they will not receive any
        interactive components. Data will be collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The
        primary outcome will be the preschooler's physical activity. The secondary outcomes will be
        the preschooler's dietary behaviors, preschooler's sleep duration, and preschooler's sleep
        problems, parent's PA, parenting style, and parental feeding style.
  
        Significance of this study: The parent-based eHealth intervention has potential to overcome
        the aforementioned barriers of face-to-face interventions, which will offer a novel approach
        for promoting healthy lifestyle of preschoolers. If found to be efficacious, the prevalence
        of unhealthy lifestyles among preschoolers may be alleviated at a low cost, which not only
        has a positive influence on the health of the individual and the well-being of the family but
        also reduces the financial pressure on society to treat diseases caused by poor lifestyle
        habits.
  allocation: Randomized
  intervention model: Parallel Assignment
  intervention model description: This study is a two parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial designed to promote preschoolers' PA, and DB, and reduce sleep problems by providing parents with relevant health information through the eHealth modality. The two arms comprise (1) eHealth intervention and (2) control group.
  primary purpose: Prevention
  masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider)
  measure: Change of preschoolers' physical activity
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Preschoolers' PA will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Garmin vivofit Jr 3 Fitness Tracker for Kids, which is a wrist-wear watch designed specifically for children from 4 to 9 years old to track PA in terms of steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in minutes per day but not energy expenditure. This device has shown to be valid and accurate in assessing PA in preschoolers.
  measure: Change of preschoolers' dietary behaviors
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Preschoolers' dietary behaviors will be assessed at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), which has been examined the validity in Chinese preschool-age children. The scales have high internal consistency reliability (range .72-.91) and test-retest reliability (range .52-.87).
  measure: Change of preschoolers' sleep duration
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Preschoolers' sleep duration will be assessed at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using Garmin Vivofit Jr 3 Fitness Tracker for kids. According to the manufacturer, Vivofit Jr 3 can track sleep, as well as work as an alarm clock, timer, and watch. Vivofit can be placed in sleep mode to track sleep time, amount of restful sleep, and movement during sleep. The Vivofit data can be uploaded to a personal computer via a wireless USB ANT StickTM and viewed on the software created by the manufacturer.
  measure: Change of preschoolers' sleep problems
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Children's sleep problems will be examined at baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), which has been a frequently used parent survey to screen children aged from 4 to 10. It contains 33 items to form a different set of eight domains: bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night waking, parasomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. Each scored question is rated on a 3-point scale as "usually if something occurs 5 or more times in a week" (scored 3), "sometimes if something occurs 2-4 times in a week" (scored 2), "rarely if something occurs never or 1 time during a week" (scored 1). Higher scores represent greater sleep problems. The CSHQ has shown good reliability (Cronbach's Alpha is 0.73) and validity.
  measure: Change of parents' physical activity
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Parent's PA will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese Version of the International Physical Activity-Long Form (IPAQ-L). The IPAQ-L has been shown to be a reliable and validated measure for assessing PA levels in Chinese cities.
  measure: Change of parenting style
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Parenting style will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese version of parenting Style & Dimension Questionnaire, which is a self-report instrument designed to measure authoritarian (e.g., I yell when I disapprove of my child's behavior), authoritative (e.g., I am responsive to my child's feelings and needs), and permissive parenting style (e.g., I find it difficult to discipline my child) of 4-12 years old children's parents. This scale comprises 32 items, with each item of scale evaluated by the five points Likert described as "never", "once in a while", "about half of the time", "very often" and "always". The overall Cronbach Alpha is 0.87
  measure: Change of parenting feeding style
  time frame: Through study completion, 24 weeks
  description: Parenting feeding style will be assessed baseline, at the end of 12-week post-intervention, and at the end of 12-week follow-up, using the Chinese Version of the Parent Feeding Style Questionnaire, which consists of 4 parts: instrumental feeding (4 items), emotional feeding (5 items), prompting or encouragement to eat (8 items), and control over eating (10 items). Respondents will be asked to choose from a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from "never" to "always"). For example, "I allow my child to choose which food to have for meals, I encourage my child to look forward to the meal." The average score on each scale will be calculated and a higher score indicated a greater tendency for parents to feed their children in that style. The overall Cronbach's Alpha is 0.75.
  measure: Demographic information
  time frame: Baseline
  description: Parents' information includes socioeconomic status (range of income, educational level, and occupational status), age, gender, marital status, and children's height, weight, birth order. (We will use SECA Medical Body Composition Analysis to measure Wight and Height. Weight is measured at 0.1 kg with the preschoolers barefoot and wearing light clothing and height is measured at 0.1 cm).
  arm group label: Electronic Health (eHealth)
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: Participants allocated to the eHealth intervention group will be delivered the evidence-based information and interactive components via social media (i.e., WeChat, similar to WhatsApp; and TikTok/Douyin, similar to YouTube). The interactive components include game, push notification, social rapport, influence agent, goal setting and personalized feedback.
  arm group label: Control group
  arm group type: No Intervention
  description: Participants allocated to the control group will be delivered printed evidence-based educational materials on standard recommendations for PA, diet, and sleep, without interactive components.
  intervention type: Behavioral
  intervention name: parent-based Electronic Health intervention
  description: The eHealth intervention comprises 12 modules on three interaction modules related to physical activity, dietary behavior, and sleep. The intervention groups will be invited to a "WeChat group". A 3-minute video (made on the TikTok APP) will be sent to each WeChat group. Based upon the social media studies recommendation, five to nine members in a group will produce the desirable group interactive effect. Therefore, the present study allocates eight parents to one WeChat group. In total, there will be 26 groups (206 parents) according to the sample size calculation. Consistent with Social Cognitive THeory, the content of each module will follow the four steps: 1. Attention (Read educational material and watch TikTok/Douyin video (less than 3 minutes). 2.Retention (parental interaction). 3.Reproduction (Set goals and conduct behaviors). 4.Motivation (feedback and making changes).
  arm group label: Electronic Health (eHealth)
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 4 Years
  maximum age: 6 Years
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  last name: Lau Wing Chung, Ph.D
  phone: 34115634
  email: wclau@hkbu.edu.hk
  responsible party type: Sponsor
  mesh term: Dyssomnias
  mesh term: Parasomnias
  sharing ipd: No