xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06038253</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>NAFLD and bone mineral density</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06038253</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Relation Between NAFLD and BM DENSITY</brief_title>
    <official_title>Relation Between Non- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Mineral Density in Egyptian Adults</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Assiut University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Assiut University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        In general NAFLD is a common denominal for a broad spectrum of damage to the liver, which can&#xD;
        be due to hepatocyte injury, inflammatory processes and fibrosis. This is normally seen on&#xD;
        liver biopsy and can range from milder forms (steatosis) to the more severe forms&#xD;
        (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure). In&#xD;
        these patients, advanced fibrosis is the major predictor of morbidity and liver-related&#xD;
        mortality, and an accurate diagnosis of NASH and NAFLD is mandatory .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity,&#xD;
        dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and persistent abnormalities of liver function&#xD;
        tests. NAFLD was shown to be connected with diseases that are usually not dependent on&#xD;
        obesity, such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Target of the study :&#xD;
  &#xD;
          1. Clarify predictive value of fibroscan and u/s in diagnosis of NAFLD.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          2. Estimate the metabolic effect of NAFLD on bone density&#xD;
  &#xD;
          3. Estimate the correlation between obesity , NAFLD and BMD&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        INTRODUCTION:&#xD;
  &#xD;
        In general, the prevalence of NAFLD has increased over the last 20 years. The Middle East and&#xD;
        South America have the highest NAFLD prevalence at 31% and 32% respectively with the lowest&#xD;
        prevalence in Africa at 13.5% .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity,&#xD;
        dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and persistent abnormalities of liver function&#xD;
        tests. NAFLD was shown to be connected with diseases that are usually not dependent on&#xD;
        obesity, such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis In general NAFLD is a common denominal for a&#xD;
        broad spectrum of damage to the liver, which can be due to hepatocyte injury, inflammatory&#xD;
        processes and fibrosis. This is normally seen on liver biopsy and can range from milder forms&#xD;
        (steatosis) to the more severe forms (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced&#xD;
        fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure). In these patients, advanced fibrosis is the major&#xD;
        predictor of morbidity and liver-related mortality, and an accurate diagnosis of NASH and&#xD;
        NAFLD is mandatory .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Osteoporosis is a group of bone diseases with various causes, including general factors&#xD;
        related to aging, obesity and sex steroid deficiency, as well as specific risk factors such&#xD;
        as the use of glucocorticoids, reduced bone quality, and disruption of microarchitectural&#xD;
        integrity. In most cases of osteoporosis, the reduction in bone tissue is mainly due to&#xD;
        increased bone resorption. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD),&#xD;
        bone pain and easy fracture.Osteoporosis is a silent disease until fractures occur with&#xD;
        increasing frequency, which can cause important problems and even death. In industrialized&#xD;
        countries, 9%-38% of women and 1%-8% of men &gt;50 years suffer from osteoporosis.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Therefore, osteoporosis is not only harmful to health but also increases the financial burden&#xD;
        of the impacted countries.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Many studies have demonstrated that NAFLD is associated with low BMD and osteoporosis.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Liver is the source of many proteins and is the regulator of several pathways involving bone&#xD;
        metabolism; one of the most well-known of all is vitamin D metabolism pathway. Considering&#xD;
        the role of liver in bone metabolism, the association between NAFLD and bone abnormalities is&#xD;
        not surprising especially with substantial supporting evidences in recent years .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Besides its role in the calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D may also exert pleiotropic&#xD;
        effects in many tissues. NAFLD patients were reported to have a marked reduction in serum&#xD;
        25(OH) vitamin D when compared with control Liver biopsy remains the current gold standard&#xD;
        for diagnosis of NAFLD, despite limitations regarding sampling variability, invasive nature,&#xD;
        and high cost. However, numerous non-invasive biomarkers, including mainly serum markers or&#xD;
        imaging modalities, intend to detect the presence of steatosis, NASH or advanced fibrosis. To&#xD;
        date, ultrasound is suggested as first-line screening tool for defining steatosis in a&#xD;
        selected population, while diagnosis of NAFLD requires exclusion of other chronic liver&#xD;
        disease etiology or other steatosis causes and exclusion of alcohol intake by history .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Fibro scan becomes an evidence based , transient elastography instrument For noninvasive&#xD;
        evaluation of liver steatosis and fibrosis , fibroscan is becoming an increasing important&#xD;
        modality in NAFLD practice , as it was recently used to identify patients eligible for NAFLD&#xD;
        related clinical trials&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Target of the study :&#xD;
  &#xD;
          1. Clarify predictive value of fibroscan and u/s in diagnosis of NAFLD.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          2. Estimate the metabolic effect of NAFLD on bone density&#xD;
  &#xD;
          3. Estimate the correlation between obesity , NAFLD and BMD&#xD;
  &#xD;
        STUDY DESIGN :&#xD;
  &#xD;
        CROSS- SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Patients and methods :&#xD;
  &#xD;
          1. Patients presented to obesity clinic for follow up&#xD;
  &#xD;
          2. Patients presented to git clinic&#xD;
  &#xD;
          3. Patients presented to fibroscan clinic for evaluation the degree of liver fibrosis and&#xD;
             steatosis will be included in the study&#xD;
  &#xD;
          4. Patients presented at radiology department for abd U.S and diagnosed accidentally fatty&#xD;
             liver .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        INCLUSION CRITERIA&#xD;
  &#xD;
          1. Patients above the age of 18 y.o and premenopausal females&#xD;
  &#xD;
          2. Patients showing any degree of fibrosis and steatosis .&#xD;
  &#xD;
          3. Patients suffers from obesity and its complications&#xD;
  &#xD;
          4. Patients with hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus .&#xD;
  &#xD;
          5. NAFLD patients were diagnosed with an ultrasound examination or fibroscan or&#xD;
             pathological examination to make a clear and definite diagnosis,&#xD;
  &#xD;
          6. all the obese participants according to body mass index (BMI)&#xD;
  &#xD;
          7. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Exclusion criteria :&#xD;
  &#xD;
          1. Patients less than 18 y.o&#xD;
  &#xD;
          2. Patients known alcohol abuser of ≥30 g/day in men or≥20 g/day in women.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          3. Patients with chronic liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma .&#xD;
  &#xD;
          4. Subjects with suspected or proven any other liver disease other than NAFLD as (viral&#xD;
             hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease or&#xD;
             primary biliary cholangitis).&#xD;
  &#xD;
          5. none of the subjects followed specific diets or therapeutic treatments that could&#xD;
             influence BMD or liver function.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          6. Patients with conditions known to affect bone metabolism, such as kidney, thyroid or&#xD;
             parathyroid diseases, bone tumors&#xD;
  &#xD;
          7. (iv) Postmenopausal females to avoid the increased risk of osteoporosis in those&#xD;
             patients due to hormonal changes.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">October 1, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 1, 2026</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">October 1, 2026</primary_completion_date>
    <study_type>Observational</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <observational_model>Case-Control</observational_model>
      <time_perspective>Retrospective</time_perspective>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Level of vit D level in serum in NAFLD patients</measure>
      <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
      <description>To study level of vit D in NAFLD patients and its relation to disease severity</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Degree of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients</measure>
      <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
      <description>Using dexa scan to detect level of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Level of parathyroid hormone level in NAFLD PATIENTS</measure>
      <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
      <description>Level of parathyroid hormone level in NAFLD PATIENTS and its relation to disease severity</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">100</enrollment>
    <condition>NAFLD</condition>
    <condition>Osteoporosis</condition>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Fibroscan</intervention_name>
      <description>Fibroscan is device to detect degree of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients Dexa scan device detect degree of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients</description>
      <other_name>Dexa scan</other_name>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <study_pop>
        <textblock>
          1. Patients presented to obesity clinic for follow up&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Patients presented to git clinic at Alrajhi hospital&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. Patients presented to fibroscan clinic for evaluation the degree of liver fibrosis and&#xD;
               steatosis will be included in the study&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. Patients presented at radiology department for abd U.S and diagnosed accidentally&#xD;
               fatty liver .&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </study_pop>
      <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
          - INCLUSION CRITERIA&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Patients above the age of 18 y.o and premenopausal females&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Patients showing any degree of fibrosis and steatosis .&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. Patients suffers from obesity and its complications&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. Patients with hyperlipidemia and DM&#xD;
  &#xD;
            5. NAFLD patients were diagnosed with an ultrasound examination or fibroscan or&#xD;
               pathological examination to make a clear and definite diagnosis,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            6. all the obese participants according to body mass index (BMI)&#xD;
  &#xD;
            7. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  1- Patients less than 18 y.o 2- Patients known alcohol abuser of ≥30 g/day in men&#xD;
               or≥20 g/day in women. 3- Patients with chronic liver disease or HCC. 4- Subjects with&#xD;
               suspected or proven any other liver disease other than NAFLD as (viral hepatitis,&#xD;
               drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease or primary&#xD;
               biliary cholangitis).&#xD;
  &#xD;
               5- none of the subjects followed specific diets or therapeutic treatments that could&#xD;
               influence BMD or liver function.&#xD;
  &#xD;
               6- Patients with conditions known to affect bone metabolism, such as kidney, thyroid&#xD;
               or parathyroid diseases, bone tumors 7- (iv) Postmenopausal females to avoid the&#xD;
               increased risk of osteoporosis in those patients due to hormonal changes.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>50 Years</maximum_age>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Ghada Abdelrahman alkhateeb, Professor</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>Assiut University</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Ahmed Mohammed mostafa ashmawy, Assistant professor</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>Assiut University</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Mina Maged helmy habib, Reident of internal medecine</last_name>
      <phone>+201225760412</phone>
      <email>mon.maged@yahoo.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <overall_contact_backup>
      <last_name>Ahmed Mohammed mostafa ashmawy, Assistant professot</last_name>
      <phone>+201005679880</phone>
      <email>dr.ashmawy@yahoo.com</email>
    </overall_contact_backup>
    <reference>
      <citation>Sasso M, Audiere S, Kemgang A, Gaouar F, Corpechot C, Chazouilleres O, Fournier C, Golsztejn O, Prince S, Menu Y, Sandrin L, Miette V. Liver Steatosis Assessed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) Measured with the XL Probe of the FibroScan: A Pilot Study Assessing Diagnostic Accuracy. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2016 Jan;42(1):92-103. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.08.008. Epub 2015 Sep 19.</citation>
      <PMID>26386476</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Ballestri S, Zona S, Targher G, Romagnoli D, Baldelli E, Nascimbeni F, Roverato A, Guaraldi G, Lonardo A. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an almost twofold increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 May;31(5):936-44. doi: 10.1111/jgh.13264.</citation>
      <PMID>26667191</PMID>
    </reference>
    <results_reference>
      <citation>Loomba R, Sanyal AJ. The global NAFLD epidemic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Nov;10(11):686-90. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.171. Epub 2013 Sep 17.</citation>
      <PMID>24042449</PMID>
    </results_reference>
    <results_reference>
      <citation>Eshraghian A. Bone metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: vitamin D status and bone mineral density. Minerva Endocrinol. 2017 Jun;42(2):164-172. doi: 10.23736/S0391-1977.16.02587-6. Epub 2016 Dec 14.</citation>
      <PMID>27973461</PMID>
    </results_reference>
    <results_reference>
      <citation>Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Lenzi A, Chiesa C, Pacifico L. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease connections with fat-free tissues: A focus on bone and skeletal muscle. World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Mar 14;23(10):1747-1757. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1747.</citation>
      <PMID>28348479</PMID>
    </results_reference>
    <verification_date>September 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>September 8, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>September 8, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">September 14, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>September 14, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>September 14, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 15, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>Assiut University</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Mina maged helmy habib</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Resident doctor</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Osteoporosis</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06038253
  org study id: NAFLD and bone mineral density
  nct id: NCT06038253
  lead sponsor: 
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  In general NAFLD is a common denominal for a broad spectrum of damage to the liver, which can
        be due to hepatocyte injury, inflammatory processes and fibrosis. This is normally seen on
        liver biopsy and can range from milder forms (steatosis) to the more severe forms
        (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure). In
        these patients, advanced fibrosis is the major predictor of morbidity and liver-related
        mortality, and an accurate diagnosis of NASH and NAFLD is mandatory .
  
        NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity,
        dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and persistent abnormalities of liver function
        tests. NAFLD was shown to be connected with diseases that are usually not dependent on
        obesity, such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis
  
        Target of the study :
  
          1. Clarify predictive value of fibroscan and u/s in diagnosis of NAFLD.
  
          2. Estimate the metabolic effect of NAFLD on bone density
  
          3. Estimate the correlation between obesity , NAFLD and BMD
  INTRODUCTION:
  
        In general, the prevalence of NAFLD has increased over the last 20 years. The Middle East and
        South America have the highest NAFLD prevalence at 31% and 32% respectively with the lowest
        prevalence in Africa at 13.5% .
  
        NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity,
        dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and persistent abnormalities of liver function
        tests. NAFLD was shown to be connected with diseases that are usually not dependent on
        obesity, such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis In general NAFLD is a common denominal for a
        broad spectrum of damage to the liver, which can be due to hepatocyte injury, inflammatory
        processes and fibrosis. This is normally seen on liver biopsy and can range from milder forms
        (steatosis) to the more severe forms (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced
        fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure). In these patients, advanced fibrosis is the major
        predictor of morbidity and liver-related mortality, and an accurate diagnosis of NASH and
        NAFLD is mandatory .
  
        Osteoporosis is a group of bone diseases with various causes, including general factors
        related to aging, obesity and sex steroid deficiency, as well as specific risk factors such
        as the use of glucocorticoids, reduced bone quality, and disruption of microarchitectural
        integrity. In most cases of osteoporosis, the reduction in bone tissue is mainly due to
        increased bone resorption. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD),
        bone pain and easy fracture.Osteoporosis is a silent disease until fractures occur with
        increasing frequency, which can cause important problems and even death. In industrialized
        countries, 9%-38% of women and 1%-8% of men >50 years suffer from osteoporosis.
  
        Therefore, osteoporosis is not only harmful to health but also increases the financial burden
        of the impacted countries.
  
        Many studies have demonstrated that NAFLD is associated with low BMD and osteoporosis.
  
        Liver is the source of many proteins and is the regulator of several pathways involving bone
        metabolism; one of the most well-known of all is vitamin D metabolism pathway. Considering
        the role of liver in bone metabolism, the association between NAFLD and bone abnormalities is
        not surprising especially with substantial supporting evidences in recent years .
  
        Besides its role in the calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D may also exert pleiotropic
        effects in many tissues. NAFLD patients were reported to have a marked reduction in serum
        25(OH) vitamin D when compared with control Liver biopsy remains the current gold standard
        for diagnosis of NAFLD, despite limitations regarding sampling variability, invasive nature,
        and high cost. However, numerous non-invasive biomarkers, including mainly serum markers or
        imaging modalities, intend to detect the presence of steatosis, NASH or advanced fibrosis. To
        date, ultrasound is suggested as first-line screening tool for defining steatosis in a
        selected population, while diagnosis of NAFLD requires exclusion of other chronic liver
        disease etiology or other steatosis causes and exclusion of alcohol intake by history .
  
        Fibro scan becomes an evidence based , transient elastography instrument For noninvasive
        evaluation of liver steatosis and fibrosis , fibroscan is becoming an increasing important
        modality in NAFLD practice , as it was recently used to identify patients eligible for NAFLD
        related clinical trials
  
        Target of the study :
  
          1. Clarify predictive value of fibroscan and u/s in diagnosis of NAFLD.
  
          2. Estimate the metabolic effect of NAFLD on bone density
  
          3. Estimate the correlation between obesity , NAFLD and BMD
  
        STUDY DESIGN :
  
        CROSS- SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
  
        Patients and methods :
  
          1. Patients presented to obesity clinic for follow up
  
          2. Patients presented to git clinic
  
          3. Patients presented to fibroscan clinic for evaluation the degree of liver fibrosis and
             steatosis will be included in the study
  
          4. Patients presented at radiology department for abd U.S and diagnosed accidentally fatty
             liver .
  
        INCLUSION CRITERIA
  
          1. Patients above the age of 18 y.o and premenopausal females
  
          2. Patients showing any degree of fibrosis and steatosis .
  
          3. Patients suffers from obesity and its complications
  
          4. Patients with hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus .
  
          5. NAFLD patients were diagnosed with an ultrasound examination or fibroscan or
             pathological examination to make a clear and definite diagnosis,
  
          6. all the obese participants according to body mass index (BMI)
  
          7. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
        Exclusion criteria :
  
          1. Patients less than 18 y.o
  
          2. Patients known alcohol abuser of ≥30 g/day in men or≥20 g/day in women.
  
          3. Patients with chronic liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma .
  
          4. Subjects with suspected or proven any other liver disease other than NAFLD as (viral
             hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease or
             primary biliary cholangitis).
  
          5. none of the subjects followed specific diets or therapeutic treatments that could
             influence BMD or liver function.
  
          6. Patients with conditions known to affect bone metabolism, such as kidney, thyroid or
             parathyroid diseases, bone tumors
  
          7. (iv) Postmenopausal females to avoid the increased risk of osteoporosis in those
             patients due to hormonal changes.
  observational model: Case-Control
  time perspective: Retrospective
  measure: Level of vit D level in serum in NAFLD patients
  time frame: 1 year
  description: To study level of vit D in NAFLD patients and its relation to disease severity
  measure: Degree of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients
  time frame: 1 year
  description: Using dexa scan to detect level of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients
  measure: Level of parathyroid hormone level in NAFLD PATIENTS
  time frame: 1 year
  description: Level of parathyroid hormone level in NAFLD PATIENTS and its relation to disease severity
  intervention type: Device
  intervention name: Fibroscan
  description: Fibroscan is device to detect degree of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients Dexa scan device detect degree of osteoporosis in NAFLD patients
  other name: Dexa scan
  study pop: 
  sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: 50 Years
  last name: Ghada Abdelrahman alkhateeb, Professor
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: Assiut University
  last name: Ahmed Mohammed mostafa ashmawy, Assistant professor
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: Assiut University
  last name: Mina Maged helmy habib, Reident of internal medecine
  phone: +201225760412
  email: mon.maged@yahoo.com
  last name: Ahmed Mohammed mostafa ashmawy, Assistant professot
  phone: +201005679880
  email: dr.ashmawy@yahoo.com
  citation: Sasso M, Audiere S, Kemgang A, Gaouar F, Corpechot C, Chazouilleres O, Fournier C, Golsztejn O, Prince S, Menu Y, Sandrin L, Miette V. Liver Steatosis Assessed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) Measured with the XL Probe of the FibroScan: A Pilot Study Assessing Diagnostic Accuracy. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2016 Jan;42(1):92-103. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.08.008. Epub 2015 Sep 19.
  PMID: 26386476
  citation: Ballestri S, Zona S, Targher G, Romagnoli D, Baldelli E, Nascimbeni F, Roverato A, Guaraldi G, Lonardo A. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an almost twofold increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 May;31(5):936-44. doi: 10.1111/jgh.13264.
  PMID: 26667191
  citation: Loomba R, Sanyal AJ. The global NAFLD epidemic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Nov;10(11):686-90. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.171. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
  PMID: 24042449
  citation: Eshraghian A. Bone metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: vitamin D status and bone mineral density. Minerva Endocrinol. 2017 Jun;42(2):164-172. doi: 10.23736/S0391-1977.16.02587-6. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
  PMID: 27973461
  citation: Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Lenzi A, Chiesa C, Pacifico L. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease connections with fat-free tissues: A focus on bone and skeletal muscle. World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Mar 14;23(10):1747-1757. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1747.
  PMID: 28348479
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: Assiut University
  investigator full name: Mina maged helmy habib
  investigator title: Resident doctor
  mesh term: Osteoporosis
  sharing ipd: Undecided