xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06003413</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>2020/162</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06003413</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Evaluation of the Relationship Between Muscle Architecture and Muscle Strength in Female Gonarthrosis Patients</brief_title>
    <official_title>Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Architecture of the Quadriceps, Tibialis Anterior and Gastrocnemius Muscles and Muscle Strength in Female Gonarthrosis Patients</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Bezmialem Vakif University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Bezmialem Vakif University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        The goal of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate muscle architecture changes and it's&#xD;
        effect on muscle strength in female patients with gonarthrosis.Main questions are:&#xD;
  &#xD;
          -  Is there any correlation between muscle strength and muscle thickness, pennation angle&#xD;
             fiber length?&#xD;
  &#xD;
          -  Is there any muscle architecture difference in gonarthrosis and is it effecting the&#xD;
             muscle strength? The investigators will enroll patients with unilateral gonarthrosis so&#xD;
             that investigators can compare the changes within osteoarthritic and healthy knee with&#xD;
             the same physical activity levels.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by morning stiffness, reduced&#xD;
        joint range of motion, chronic pain, and decreased muscle strength, leading to functional&#xD;
        limitations as the disease progresses . In patients with knee osteoarthritis, all muscles of&#xD;
        the hip, knee, and ankle are affected in some way . Evidence suggests that impairments in&#xD;
        muscle strength in the lower extremities contribute to increased pain and joint space&#xD;
        narrowing. Voluntary muscle contractions lead to various changes in muscle architecture,&#xD;
        including changes in fascicle angle and pennation angle as well as muscle thickness. While&#xD;
        muscle cross-sectional area and thickness are primarily associated with the magnitude of&#xD;
        generated force, parameters such as pennation angle have been found to be more related to&#xD;
        explosive force. Ultrasonography (US) is a non-invasive imaging method that can visualize&#xD;
        these changes. Muscle architecture parameters obtained from US can provide reliable data&#xD;
        related to muscle contractility independently of surrounding muscles. Furthermore, US is&#xD;
        considered to have similar validity to MRI imaging, which is the gold standard for displaying&#xD;
        muscle architecture. Additionally, isometric muscle strength can be reliably measured using&#xD;
        handheld dynamometers. Although studies have investigated the relationship between muscle&#xD;
        strength and muscle architecture determined by US in patients with knee OA, these studies&#xD;
        have predominantly examined the relationship in the quadriceps muscle, and muscles associated&#xD;
        with the ankle have not been studied extensively.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Actual">August 24, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">October 1, 2023</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">September 30, 2023</primary_completion_date>
    <study_type>Observational</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <observational_model>Case-Control</observational_model>
      <time_perspective>Cross-Sectional</time_perspective>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Numeric Rating Scale</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>Self reported pain scored between 0 (minimum)-10 (maximum). Higher scores represent a worse outcome.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was created to assess pain, stiffness, and physical function in patients with hip and / or knee osteoarthritis (OA).&#xD;
  The WOMAC consists of 24 items divided into 3 subscales:&#xD;
  Pain (5 items):&#xD;
  Stiffness (2 items):&#xD;
  Physical Function (17 items) Number of items in scale: 24 items The WOMAC is available in 5-point Likert-type and 100mm Visual Analog formats</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Isometric Knee Extension Muscle Strength</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>Isometric Knee Extension Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Isometric Ankle Dorsiflexion Muscle Strength</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>Isometric Ankle Dorsiflexion Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Isometric Ankle Plantar Flexion Muscle Strength</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>Isometric Ankle Plantar Flexion Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>The Health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) is a questionnaire for the assessment of disability in an individual. The patients report the amount of difficulty they have in performing eight daily living activities. Each question asks on a scale ranging from 0 to 3 if the categories can be performed without any difficulty (scale 0) up to cannot be done at all (scale 3). The final score varies between 0 and 3.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasound scores for knee osteoarthritis (OA)</measure>
      <time_frame>1 day</time_frame>
      <description>The US scores for 7 disease manifestations were then graded by the same operator using the OMERACT knee US OA atlas: semiquantitative scores for (1) synovitis (0-3; combined synovial hypertrophy and effusion); (2) binary scores (0-1) for synovial hypertrophy ≥ 4 mm, (3) effusion ≥ 4 mm12; and (4) Power Doppler (PD) signals separate from suprapatellar recess in a longitudinal plane, medial and lateral parapatellar recesses in a transverse plane, semiquantitative scores for (5) osteophytes (0-3) from the medial and lateral joint aspects in a longitudinal plane and (6) meniscal extrusion (0-2; only the medial joint aspects) in a longitudinal plane, and for (7) cartilage abnormalities (0-3) in a transverse plane on a maximally flexed knee</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <number_of_groups>2</number_of_groups>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">30</enrollment>
    <condition>Osteo Arthritis Knee</condition>
    <condition>Gonarthrosis</condition>
    <condition>Osteoarthritis</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Osteoarthritic Knee</arm_group_label>
      <description>Knees with Kellgren-Lawrence Stage 2-4 will admitted to this group&#xD;
  Vastus Lateralis, Tibialis Anterior, Lateral Gastrocnemius and Medial Gastrocnemius ultrasonography will be performed to evaluate muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length.&#xD;
  Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound scores for knee will be evaluated&#xD;
  Isometric knee extension, isometric ankle dorsiflexion and isometric ankle plantar flexion strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Healthy Knee</arm_group_label>
      <description>Healthy knees will be admitted to this group&#xD;
  Vastus Lateralis, Tibialis Anterior, Lateral Gastrocnemius and Medial Gastrocnemius ultrasonography will be performed to evaluate muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length.&#xD;
  Isometric knee extension, isometric ankle dorsiflexion and isometric ankle plantar flexion strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer</description>
    </arm_group>
    <eligibility>
      <study_pop>
        <textblock>
          Patients who applied to the Bezmialem Vakıf University, Physical Medicine and&#xD;
          Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic appropriate for eligibility criteria will be enrolled&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </study_pop>
      <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  To be ≥18 years of age,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Presence of unilateral knee OA (according to American College of Rheumatology&#xD;
               criteria),&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Presence of knee OA with Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) stage ≥2,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Ability to live independently,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Ability to walk without assistive devices.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  History of surgery on the spine or lower extremities,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  History of inflammatory rheumatic disease,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Severe cardiovascular disease,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Neuromuscular disease affecting muscle strength,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Individuals following a regular exercise program,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Secondary osteoarthritis.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Ozan Volkan Yurdakul, Assoc. Prof.</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>Bezmialem Vakif University</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Ozan Volkan Yurdakul, Assoc. Prof.</last_name>
      <phone>+902124530453</phone>
      <email>yurdakul_ozan@yahoo.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <overall_contact_backup>
      <last_name>Mert Kara, Res. Ass.</last_name>
      <phone>+902124530453</phone>
      <email>mertkara95.mk@gmail.com</email>
    </overall_contact_backup>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Bezmialem Vakif University</name>
        <address>
          <city>Istanbul</city>
          <state>Fatih</state>
          <zip>34093</zip>
          <country>Turkey</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
      <status>Recruiting</status>
      <contact>
        <last_name>Ozan Volkan Yurdakul, Assoc. Prof.</last_name>
        <phone>+902124530453</phone>
        <email>yurdakul_ozan@yahoo.com</email>
      </contact>
      <investigator>
        <last_name>Mert Kara, Dr.</last_name>
        <role>Sub-Investigator</role>
      </investigator>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Turkey</country>
    </location_countries>
    <reference>
      <citation>Michael JW, Schluter-Brust KU, Eysel P. The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Mar;107(9):152-62. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2010.0152. Epub 2010 Mar 5. Erratum In: Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Apr;107(16):294.</citation>
      <PMID>20305774</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Varbakken K, Loras H, Nilsson KG, Engdal M, Stensdotter AK. Relative difference in muscle strength between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy controls when tested bilaterally and joint-inclusive: an exploratory cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019 Dec 9;20(1):593. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2957-6.</citation>
      <PMID>31818286</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Glass NA, Torner JC, Frey Law LA, Wang K, Yang T, Nevitt MC, Felson DT, Lewis CE, Segal NA. The relationship between quadriceps muscle weakness and worsening of knee pain in the MOST cohort: a 5-year longitudinal study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Sep;21(9):1154-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.05.016.</citation>
      <PMID>23973125</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Fukunaga T, Ichinose Y, Ito M, Kawakami Y, Fukashiro S. Determination of fascicle length and pennation in a contracting human muscle in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Jan;82(1):354-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.354.</citation>
      <PMID>9029238</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Hodges PW, Pengel LH, Herbert RD, Gandevia SC. Measurement of muscle contraction with ultrasound imaging. Muscle Nerve. 2003 Jun;27(6):682-92. doi: 10.1002/mus.10375.</citation>
      <PMID>12766979</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Bazyler CD, Mizuguchi S, Harrison AP, Sato K, Kavanaugh AA, DeWeese BH, Stone MH. Changes in Muscle Architecture, Explosive Ability, and Track and Field Throwing Performance Throughout a Competitive Season and After a Taper. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Oct;31(10):2785-2793. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001619.</citation>
      <PMID>27575250</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Gerstner GR, Thompson BJ, Rosenberg JG, Sobolewski EJ, Scharville MJ, Ryan ED. Neural and Muscular Contributions to the Age-Related Reductions in Rapid Strength. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 Jul;49(7):1331-1339. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001231.</citation>
      <PMID>28166121</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Zaras ND, Stasinaki AN, Methenitis SK, Krase AA, Karampatsos GP, Georgiadis GV, Spengos KM, Terzis GD. Rate of Force Development, Muscle Architecture, and Performance in Young Competitive Track and Field Throwers. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Jan;30(1):81-92. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001048.</citation>
      <PMID>26049793</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Zhang Q, Sheng Z, Moore-Clingenpeel F, Kim K, Sharma N. Ankle Dorsiflexion Strength Monitoring by Combining Sonomyography and Electromyography. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot. 2019 Jun;2019:240-245. doi: 10.1109/ICORR.2019.8779530.</citation>
      <PMID>31374636</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Walton JM, Roberts N, Whitehouse GH. Measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle using magnetic resonance and ultrasound imaging. Br J Sports Med. 1997 Mar;31(1):59-64. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.31.1.59.</citation>
      <PMID>9132215</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Wang CY, Olson SL, Protas EJ. Test-retest strength reliability: hand-held dynamometry in community-dwelling elderly fallers. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Jun;83(6):811-5. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2002.32743.</citation>
      <PMID>12048660</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Malas FU, Ozcakar L, Kaymak B, Ulasli A, Guner S, Kara M, Akinci A. Effects of different strength training on muscle architecture: clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation in knee osteoarthritis. PM R. 2013 Aug;5(8):655-62. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.03.005. Epub 2013 Mar 7.</citation>
      <PMID>23474211</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Blazevich AJ, Cannavan D, Coleman DR, Horne S. Influence of concentric and eccentric resistance training on architectural adaptation in human quadriceps muscles. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Nov;103(5):1565-75. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00578.2007. Epub 2007 Aug 23.</citation>
      <PMID>17717119</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Taniguchi M, Fukumoto Y, Kobayashi M, Kawasaki T, Maegawa S, Ibuki S, Ichihashi N. Quantity and Quality of the Lower Extremity Muscles in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2015 Oct;41(10):2567-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.05.014. Epub 2015 Jun 20.</citation>
      <PMID>26099784</PMID>
    </reference>
    <verification_date>August 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>August 15, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 15, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 22, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>August 28, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>August 28, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 29, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
    </responsible_party>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Osteoarthritis</mesh_term>
      <mesh_term>Osteoarthritis, Knee</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06003413
  org study id: 2020/162
  nct id: NCT06003413
  lead sponsor: 
  has dmc: No
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  The goal of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate muscle architecture changes and it's
        effect on muscle strength in female patients with gonarthrosis.Main questions are:
  
          -  Is there any correlation between muscle strength and muscle thickness, pennation angle
             fiber length?
  
          -  Is there any muscle architecture difference in gonarthrosis and is it effecting the
             muscle strength? The investigators will enroll patients with unilateral gonarthrosis so
             that investigators can compare the changes within osteoarthritic and healthy knee with
             the same physical activity levels.
  Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by morning stiffness, reduced
        joint range of motion, chronic pain, and decreased muscle strength, leading to functional
        limitations as the disease progresses . In patients with knee osteoarthritis, all muscles of
        the hip, knee, and ankle are affected in some way . Evidence suggests that impairments in
        muscle strength in the lower extremities contribute to increased pain and joint space
        narrowing. Voluntary muscle contractions lead to various changes in muscle architecture,
        including changes in fascicle angle and pennation angle as well as muscle thickness. While
        muscle cross-sectional area and thickness are primarily associated with the magnitude of
        generated force, parameters such as pennation angle have been found to be more related to
        explosive force. Ultrasonography (US) is a non-invasive imaging method that can visualize
        these changes. Muscle architecture parameters obtained from US can provide reliable data
        related to muscle contractility independently of surrounding muscles. Furthermore, US is
        considered to have similar validity to MRI imaging, which is the gold standard for displaying
        muscle architecture. Additionally, isometric muscle strength can be reliably measured using
        handheld dynamometers. Although studies have investigated the relationship between muscle
        strength and muscle architecture determined by US in patients with knee OA, these studies
        have predominantly examined the relationship in the quadriceps muscle, and muscles associated
        with the ankle have not been studied extensively.
  observational model: Case-Control
  time perspective: Cross-Sectional
  measure: Numeric Rating Scale
  time frame: 1 day
  description: Self reported pain scored between 0 (minimum)-10 (maximum). Higher scores represent a worse outcome.
  measure: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)
  time frame: 1 day
  description: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was created to assess pain, stiffness, and physical function in patients with hip and / or knee osteoarthritis (OA).
  The WOMAC consists of 24 items divided into 3 subscales:
  Pain (5 items):
  Stiffness (2 items):
  Physical Function (17 items) Number of items in scale: 24 items The WOMAC is available in 5-point Likert-type and 100mm Visual Analog formats
  measure: Isometric Knee Extension Muscle Strength
  time frame: 1 day
  description: Isometric Knee Extension Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.
  measure: Isometric Ankle Dorsiflexion Muscle Strength
  time frame: 1 day
  description: Isometric Ankle Dorsiflexion Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.
  measure: Isometric Ankle Plantar Flexion Muscle Strength
  time frame: 1 day
  description: Isometric Ankle Plantar Flexion Muscle Strength will be calculated with hand-held dynamometer(Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester ) and reported as kilograms.
  measure: Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)
  time frame: 1 day
  description: The Health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) is a questionnaire for the assessment of disability in an individual. The patients report the amount of difficulty they have in performing eight daily living activities. Each question asks on a scale ranging from 0 to 3 if the categories can be performed without any difficulty (scale 0) up to cannot be done at all (scale 3). The final score varies between 0 and 3.
  measure: Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasound scores for knee osteoarthritis (OA)
  time frame: 1 day
  description: The US scores for 7 disease manifestations were then graded by the same operator using the OMERACT knee US OA atlas: semiquantitative scores for (1) synovitis (0-3; combined synovial hypertrophy and effusion); (2) binary scores (0-1) for synovial hypertrophy ≥ 4 mm, (3) effusion ≥ 4 mm12; and (4) Power Doppler (PD) signals separate from suprapatellar recess in a longitudinal plane, medial and lateral parapatellar recesses in a transverse plane, semiquantitative scores for (5) osteophytes (0-3) from the medial and lateral joint aspects in a longitudinal plane and (6) meniscal extrusion (0-2; only the medial joint aspects) in a longitudinal plane, and for (7) cartilage abnormalities (0-3) in a transverse plane on a maximally flexed knee
  arm group label: Osteoarthritic Knee
  description: Knees with Kellgren-Lawrence Stage 2-4 will admitted to this group
  Vastus Lateralis, Tibialis Anterior, Lateral Gastrocnemius and Medial Gastrocnemius ultrasonography will be performed to evaluate muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length.
  Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound scores for knee will be evaluated
  Isometric knee extension, isometric ankle dorsiflexion and isometric ankle plantar flexion strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer
  arm group label: Healthy Knee
  description: Healthy knees will be admitted to this group
  Vastus Lateralis, Tibialis Anterior, Lateral Gastrocnemius and Medial Gastrocnemius ultrasonography will be performed to evaluate muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length.
  Isometric knee extension, isometric ankle dorsiflexion and isometric ankle plantar flexion strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer
  study pop: 
  sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
  criteria: 
  gender: Female
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: N/A
  last name: Ozan Volkan Yurdakul, Assoc. Prof.
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: Bezmialem Vakif University
  last name: Ozan Volkan Yurdakul, Assoc. Prof.
  phone: +902124530453
  email: yurdakul_ozan@yahoo.com
  last name: Mert Kara, Res. Ass.
  phone: +902124530453
  email: mertkara95.mk@gmail.com
  facility: 
  status: Recruiting
  contact: 
  investigator: 
  country: Turkey
  citation: Michael JW, Schluter-Brust KU, Eysel P. The epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Mar;107(9):152-62. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2010.0152. Epub 2010 Mar 5. Erratum In: Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010 Apr;107(16):294.
  PMID: 20305774
  citation: Varbakken K, Loras H, Nilsson KG, Engdal M, Stensdotter AK. Relative difference in muscle strength between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy controls when tested bilaterally and joint-inclusive: an exploratory cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019 Dec 9;20(1):593. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2957-6.
  PMID: 31818286
  citation: Glass NA, Torner JC, Frey Law LA, Wang K, Yang T, Nevitt MC, Felson DT, Lewis CE, Segal NA. The relationship between quadriceps muscle weakness and worsening of knee pain in the MOST cohort: a 5-year longitudinal study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Sep;21(9):1154-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.05.016.
  PMID: 23973125
  citation: Fukunaga T, Ichinose Y, Ito M, Kawakami Y, Fukashiro S. Determination of fascicle length and pennation in a contracting human muscle in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Jan;82(1):354-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.354.
  PMID: 9029238
  citation: Hodges PW, Pengel LH, Herbert RD, Gandevia SC. Measurement of muscle contraction with ultrasound imaging. Muscle Nerve. 2003 Jun;27(6):682-92. doi: 10.1002/mus.10375.
  PMID: 12766979
  citation: Bazyler CD, Mizuguchi S, Harrison AP, Sato K, Kavanaugh AA, DeWeese BH, Stone MH. Changes in Muscle Architecture, Explosive Ability, and Track and Field Throwing Performance Throughout a Competitive Season and After a Taper. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Oct;31(10):2785-2793. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001619.
  PMID: 27575250
  citation: Gerstner GR, Thompson BJ, Rosenberg JG, Sobolewski EJ, Scharville MJ, Ryan ED. Neural and Muscular Contributions to the Age-Related Reductions in Rapid Strength. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 Jul;49(7):1331-1339. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001231.
  PMID: 28166121
  citation: Zaras ND, Stasinaki AN, Methenitis SK, Krase AA, Karampatsos GP, Georgiadis GV, Spengos KM, Terzis GD. Rate of Force Development, Muscle Architecture, and Performance in Young Competitive Track and Field Throwers. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Jan;30(1):81-92. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001048.
  PMID: 26049793
  citation: Zhang Q, Sheng Z, Moore-Clingenpeel F, Kim K, Sharma N. Ankle Dorsiflexion Strength Monitoring by Combining Sonomyography and Electromyography. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot. 2019 Jun;2019:240-245. doi: 10.1109/ICORR.2019.8779530.
  PMID: 31374636
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  responsible party type: Sponsor
  mesh term: Osteoarthritis
  mesh term: Osteoarthritis, Knee
  sharing ipd: Undecided