xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05998681</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>2022/3809</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT05998681</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Effects of Education on Breastfeeding</brief_title>
    <official_title>The Effects of Education on Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-neonatal Care and Mobile Messaging on Breastfeeding and Motherhood Experience: A Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Inonu University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Inonu University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of education on breastfeeding and&#xD;
        basic maternal-neonatal care and mobile message support given to primiparous women in the&#xD;
        postpartum period on breastfeeding and motherhood experiences.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in a hospital located in&#xD;
        a city in Turkiye, with 130 primiparous patients in the postpartum period (65 individuals in&#xD;
        the experimental group and 65 individuals in the control group). Participants in the&#xD;
        experimental group were provided with education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal&#xD;
        Care&quot; at the hospital and mobile messages were sent with the same content as education&#xD;
        program for 6 weeks after discharge.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Design This study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled study to determine the&#xD;
        effectiveness of education on breastfeeding and basic maternal-neonatal care applied to&#xD;
        primiparous women in the postpartum period and mobile messages on breastfeeding and&#xD;
        motherhood experience.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Sample Inclusion criteria for this study were: (1) Primiparous; (2) aged ≥18 years; (3)&#xD;
        having a healthy newborn; (4) participants who did not have an obstacle to postpartum&#xD;
        breastfeeding and agreed to participate in the study were included in the study by simple&#xD;
        random sampling method.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The study sample consisted of women hospitalized in the postpartum service of a hospital&#xD;
        located in a province in eastern Turkey. In the postpartum service of the hospital, women who&#xD;
        gave birth by vaginal or cesarean section are hospitalized. Early discharge procedures are&#xD;
        performed after 24 hours for women who have had a vaginal delivery, and 48 hours for women&#xD;
        who have had a cesarean delivery. Breastfeeding education is routinely provided in the&#xD;
        hospital's postpartum service; however, the continuity and effectiveness of breastfeeding are&#xD;
        not followed, and there is no information on neonatal care such as baby bathing, vaccination&#xD;
        time, and training on emergencies that require a doctor's consultation.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Power analysis was performed using a web-based software to calculate the sample size for the&#xD;
        research. The sample size was calculated as 65 for each group (65 participants in the&#xD;
        experimental group and 65 participants in the control group) with a 5% error level,&#xD;
        bidirectional significance level, 95% confidence interval, 80% ability to represent the&#xD;
        population (power), and assuming that the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy score which is 48.2&#xD;
        (standard deviation 7.7) will increase by 4 points.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Measures A questionnaire was created to determine the introductory characteristics of women&#xD;
        and newborns and the breastfeeding process of women, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy&#xD;
        Scale (BSES), IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), and Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13)&#xD;
        were used to collect the data.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The BSES is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis and Faux in order to evaluate how competent&#xD;
        mothers feel about breastfeeding. Later, in 2003, a 14-item short form of the scale was&#xD;
        developed. The short form is easier to administer and accurately assesses breastfeeding&#xD;
        self-efficacy. The BSES is a 5-point Likert-type scale, with each item rated from 1 (never&#xD;
        sure) to 5 (always sure). The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and&#xD;
        the maximum score is 70. High scores indicate high breastfeeding self-efficacy. The Turkish&#xD;
        adaptation of the scale was made by Tokat et al. and the Cronbach's alpha reliability&#xD;
        coefficient was found to be 0.86.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The IIFAS aims to determine mothers' attitudes toward breastfeeding and to estimate the&#xD;
        duration of breastfeeding. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined as 0.71.&#xD;
        The scale is a five-point Likert type and the number of items is 17. The total attitude score&#xD;
        varies between 17 and 85, and a high score indicates a positive attitude toward&#xD;
        breastfeeding.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The BaM-13 was developed by Matthey in 2011, and its Turkish validity and reliability study&#xD;
        was conducted by Sevgi-Güler. The scale aims to determine mothers' experiences of motherhood.&#xD;
        The scale, which consists of a total of 13 items, is a 4-point Likert-type scale and each&#xD;
        item is scored between 0-3. The total score ranges from 0 to 39, and high scores on the scale&#xD;
        indicate less satisfaction with the &quot;motherhood&quot; experience. The Cronbach's alpha reliability&#xD;
        coefficient of the scale was determined as 0.76 .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Data Collection Data were collected between October 2022 and June 2023. The women assigned to&#xD;
        the experimental and control groups were first informed about the study. Introductory&#xD;
        characteristics such as age, educational level, employment, income level, whether the&#xD;
        pregnancy was planned and the gender of the baby, as well as the personal phone numbers of&#xD;
        the women, were recorded in the form created by the researchers. As pre-tests, the BSES,&#xD;
        IIFAS, and BaM-13 were applied. The pre-test data were collected by the researchers using&#xD;
        face-to-face interview method in the single rooms where the women stayed in the hospital.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The BSES, IIFAS, and BaM-13 were re-administered to all participants at postpartum 6 weeks as&#xD;
        post-tests. In addition, the method by which the participants continued to feed their babies,&#xD;
        their use of bottles or pacifiers, and their nipple problems were recorded in the form&#xD;
        created by the researchers. Post-test data were collected by the researchers by contacting&#xD;
        the participants by phone.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Intervention In the study, education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; was&#xD;
        given to the women in the experimental group within the first 24 hours after the birth, and&#xD;
        the training topics were sent as a mobile message for 6 weeks after the birth. Educational&#xD;
        content and messages created by the researchers in line with the guidelines of ACOG and WHO,&#xD;
        together with the literature review, were organized with the opinion of 5 experts who are&#xD;
        experts in their field. The content of education and mobile messages were as follows: the&#xD;
        importance of breastfeeding, breastfeeding techniques and things to be considered while&#xD;
        breastfeeding, milking and storage conditions, nipple problems, postpartum mother-neonatal&#xD;
        care, post-discharge emergencies.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; was given to the participants&#xD;
        individually by B.E., one of the expert researchers. In addition, mobile messages were also&#xD;
        conveyed to the participants by B.E., one of the researchers. Education on &quot;Breastfeeding and&#xD;
        Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; was given in 2 postpartum sessions. In the first session,&#xD;
        breastfeeding education was given to women in practice, together with the first postpartum&#xD;
        breastfeeding. At the beginning of the second session, breastfeeding training was repeated&#xD;
        and then Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care training was given. The first session was given at the&#xD;
        first breastfeeding time, and the second session was given between 20-24 hours after birth.&#xD;
        Each session lasted approximately 20-25 minutes. In order to solve the problems of the&#xD;
        mothers, questions, and answers were made before discharge, and breastfeeding of the mothers&#xD;
        was observed. The trainings were given by the method of direct expression through brochures.&#xD;
        Information messages were sent by the researcher via mobile message between 08:00 and 10:00&#xD;
        every day for 6 weeks following the 1st day after discharge. No intervention was applied to&#xD;
        the women in the control group by the researcher. Breastfeeding training, which is included&#xD;
        in the standard care of the hospital, was given to these women by the healthcare&#xD;
        professionals in the clinic.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Actual">October 1, 2022</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Actual">June 30, 2023</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 1, 2022</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Crossover Assignment</intervention_model>
      <intervention_model_description>This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial</intervention_model_description>
      <primary_purpose>Supportive Care</primary_purpose>
      <masking>Single (Participant)</masking>
      <masking_description>This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial</masking_description>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES)</measure>
      <time_frame>Change inbreastfeeding self-efficacy levels at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>The BSES is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis and Faux in order to evaluate how competent mothers feel about breastfeeding. Later, in 2003, a 14-item short form of the scale was developed. The short form is easier to administer and accurately assesses breastfeeding self-efficacy. The BSES is a 5-point Likert-type scale, with each item rated from 1 (never sure) to 5 (always sure). The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and the maximum score is 70. High scores indicate high breastfeeding self-efficacy.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS)</measure>
      <time_frame>Change in attitudes towards breastfeeding at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>The IIFAS aims to determine mothers' attitudes toward breastfeeding and to estimate the duration of breastfeeding. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined as 0.71. The scale is a five-point Likert type and the number of items is 17. The total attitude score varies between 17 and 85, and a high score indicates a positive attitude toward breastfeeding.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13)</measure>
      <time_frame>Change in satisfaction with the &quot;motherhood&quot; experience levels at 6 weeks</time_frame>
      <description>The BaM-13 was developed by Matthey in 2011, and its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Sevgi-Güler. The scale aims to determine mothers' experiences of motherhood. The scale, which consists of a total of 13 items, is a 4-point Likert-type scale and each item is scored between 0-3. The total score ranges from 0 to 39, and high scores on the scale indicate less satisfaction with the &quot;motherhood&quot; experience.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Actual">130</enrollment>
    <condition>Education</condition>
    <condition>Mobile Messages</condition>
    <condition>Breastfeeding Self-efficacy</condition>
    <condition>Breastfeeding Attitude</condition>
    <condition>Maternal Experience Satisfaction</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages group</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>In the study, education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; was given to the women in the experimental group within the first 24 hours after the birth, and the training topics were sent as a mobile message for 6 weeks after the birth.&#xD;
  Education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; was given in 2 postpartum sessions. In the first session, breastfeeding education was given to women in practice, together with the first postpartum breastfeeding. At the beginning of the second session, breastfeeding training was repeated and then Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care training was given. The first session was given at the first breastfeeding time, and the second session was given between 20-24 hours after birth. Each session lasted approximately 20-25 minutes. In order to solve the problems of the mothers, questions, and answers were made before discharge, and breastfeeding of the mothers was observed.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Routine checks</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
      <description>The researchers applied no initiative to the control group, and the women in the control group solely had the routine checks. The women in the control group filled out all pretest forms(A sociodemographic questionnaire including questions about age, educational level, employment, income level, whether the pregnancy was planned and the gender of the baby, as well as the personal phone numbers of the women, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES), IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), and Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13) . The BSES, IIFAS, and BaM-13 were re-administered to all participants at postpartum 6 weeks as post-tests. In addition, the method by which the participants continued to feed their babies, their use of bottles or pacifiers, and their nipple problems were recorded in the form created by the researchers. Post-test data were collected by the researchers by contacting the participants by phone.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages</intervention_name>
      <description>Participants in the experimental group were provided with education on &quot;Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care&quot; at the hospital and mobile messages were sent with the same content as education program for 6 weeks after discharge.</description>
      <arm_group_label>Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages group</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Primiparous;&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. aged ≥18 years;&#xD;
  &#xD;
            3. having a healthy newborn;&#xD;
  &#xD;
            4. participants who did not have an obstacle to postpartum breastfeeding and agreed to&#xD;
               participate in the study&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            1. Unable to communicate in Turkish&#xD;
  &#xD;
            2. Those with diagnosed psychological health problems will be excluded from the study.&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <gender_based>Yes</gender_based>
      <gender_description>women in the first 24 hours after the birth</gender_description>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Esra Sabanci Baransel</name>
        <address>
          <city>Malatya</city>
          <country>Turkey</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Turkey</country>
    </location_countries>
    <verification_date>August 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>August 9, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 17, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 21, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>August 17, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>August 17, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 21, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>Inonu University</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Esra SABANCI BARANSEL</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Assistant professor</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>primipar</keyword>
    <keyword>breastfeeding</keyword>
    <keyword>education</keyword>
    <keyword>self-efficacy</keyword>
    <keyword>attitude</keyword>
    <keyword>satisfaction</keyword>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05998681
  org study id: 2022/3809
  nct id: NCT05998681
  lead sponsor: 
  has dmc: No
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of education on breastfeeding and
        basic maternal-neonatal care and mobile message support given to primiparous women in the
        postpartum period on breastfeeding and motherhood experiences.
  
        Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in a hospital located in
        a city in Turkiye, with 130 primiparous patients in the postpartum period (65 individuals in
        the experimental group and 65 individuals in the control group). Participants in the
        experimental group were provided with education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal
        Care" at the hospital and mobile messages were sent with the same content as education
        program for 6 weeks after discharge.
  Design This study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled study to determine the
        effectiveness of education on breastfeeding and basic maternal-neonatal care applied to
        primiparous women in the postpartum period and mobile messages on breastfeeding and
        motherhood experience.
  
        Sample Inclusion criteria for this study were: (1) Primiparous; (2) aged ≥18 years; (3)
        having a healthy newborn; (4) participants who did not have an obstacle to postpartum
        breastfeeding and agreed to participate in the study were included in the study by simple
        random sampling method.
  
        The study sample consisted of women hospitalized in the postpartum service of a hospital
        located in a province in eastern Turkey. In the postpartum service of the hospital, women who
        gave birth by vaginal or cesarean section are hospitalized. Early discharge procedures are
        performed after 24 hours for women who have had a vaginal delivery, and 48 hours for women
        who have had a cesarean delivery. Breastfeeding education is routinely provided in the
        hospital's postpartum service; however, the continuity and effectiveness of breastfeeding are
        not followed, and there is no information on neonatal care such as baby bathing, vaccination
        time, and training on emergencies that require a doctor's consultation.
  
        Power analysis was performed using a web-based software to calculate the sample size for the
        research. The sample size was calculated as 65 for each group (65 participants in the
        experimental group and 65 participants in the control group) with a 5% error level,
        bidirectional significance level, 95% confidence interval, 80% ability to represent the
        population (power), and assuming that the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy score which is 48.2
        (standard deviation 7.7) will increase by 4 points.
  
        Measures A questionnaire was created to determine the introductory characteristics of women
        and newborns and the breastfeeding process of women, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy
        Scale (BSES), IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), and Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13)
        were used to collect the data.
  
        The BSES is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis and Faux in order to evaluate how competent
        mothers feel about breastfeeding. Later, in 2003, a 14-item short form of the scale was
        developed. The short form is easier to administer and accurately assesses breastfeeding
        self-efficacy. The BSES is a 5-point Likert-type scale, with each item rated from 1 (never
        sure) to 5 (always sure). The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and
        the maximum score is 70. High scores indicate high breastfeeding self-efficacy. The Turkish
        adaptation of the scale was made by Tokat et al. and the Cronbach's alpha reliability
        coefficient was found to be 0.86.
  
        The IIFAS aims to determine mothers' attitudes toward breastfeeding and to estimate the
        duration of breastfeeding. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined as 0.71.
        The scale is a five-point Likert type and the number of items is 17. The total attitude score
        varies between 17 and 85, and a high score indicates a positive attitude toward
        breastfeeding.
  
        The BaM-13 was developed by Matthey in 2011, and its Turkish validity and reliability study
        was conducted by Sevgi-Güler. The scale aims to determine mothers' experiences of motherhood.
        The scale, which consists of a total of 13 items, is a 4-point Likert-type scale and each
        item is scored between 0-3. The total score ranges from 0 to 39, and high scores on the scale
        indicate less satisfaction with the "motherhood" experience. The Cronbach's alpha reliability
        coefficient of the scale was determined as 0.76 .
  
        Data Collection Data were collected between October 2022 and June 2023. The women assigned to
        the experimental and control groups were first informed about the study. Introductory
        characteristics such as age, educational level, employment, income level, whether the
        pregnancy was planned and the gender of the baby, as well as the personal phone numbers of
        the women, were recorded in the form created by the researchers. As pre-tests, the BSES,
        IIFAS, and BaM-13 were applied. The pre-test data were collected by the researchers using
        face-to-face interview method in the single rooms where the women stayed in the hospital.
  
        The BSES, IIFAS, and BaM-13 were re-administered to all participants at postpartum 6 weeks as
        post-tests. In addition, the method by which the participants continued to feed their babies,
        their use of bottles or pacifiers, and their nipple problems were recorded in the form
        created by the researchers. Post-test data were collected by the researchers by contacting
        the participants by phone.
  
        Intervention In the study, education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" was
        given to the women in the experimental group within the first 24 hours after the birth, and
        the training topics were sent as a mobile message for 6 weeks after the birth. Educational
        content and messages created by the researchers in line with the guidelines of ACOG and WHO,
        together with the literature review, were organized with the opinion of 5 experts who are
        experts in their field. The content of education and mobile messages were as follows: the
        importance of breastfeeding, breastfeeding techniques and things to be considered while
        breastfeeding, milking and storage conditions, nipple problems, postpartum mother-neonatal
        care, post-discharge emergencies.
  
        Education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" was given to the participants
        individually by B.E., one of the expert researchers. In addition, mobile messages were also
        conveyed to the participants by B.E., one of the researchers. Education on "Breastfeeding and
        Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" was given in 2 postpartum sessions. In the first session,
        breastfeeding education was given to women in practice, together with the first postpartum
        breastfeeding. At the beginning of the second session, breastfeeding training was repeated
        and then Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care training was given. The first session was given at the
        first breastfeeding time, and the second session was given between 20-24 hours after birth.
        Each session lasted approximately 20-25 minutes. In order to solve the problems of the
        mothers, questions, and answers were made before discharge, and breastfeeding of the mothers
        was observed. The trainings were given by the method of direct expression through brochures.
        Information messages were sent by the researcher via mobile message between 08:00 and 10:00
        every day for 6 weeks following the 1st day after discharge. No intervention was applied to
        the women in the control group by the researcher. Breastfeeding training, which is included
        in the standard care of the hospital, was given to these women by the healthcare
        professionals in the clinic.
  allocation: Randomized
  intervention model: Crossover Assignment
  intervention model description: This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial
  primary purpose: Supportive Care
  masking: Single (Participant)
  masking description: This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial
  measure: Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES)
  time frame: Change inbreastfeeding self-efficacy levels at 6 weeks
  description: The BSES is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis and Faux in order to evaluate how competent mothers feel about breastfeeding. Later, in 2003, a 14-item short form of the scale was developed. The short form is easier to administer and accurately assesses breastfeeding self-efficacy. The BSES is a 5-point Likert-type scale, with each item rated from 1 (never sure) to 5 (always sure). The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 14, and the maximum score is 70. High scores indicate high breastfeeding self-efficacy.
  measure: IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS)
  time frame: Change in attitudes towards breastfeeding at 6 weeks
  description: The IIFAS aims to determine mothers' attitudes toward breastfeeding and to estimate the duration of breastfeeding. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined as 0.71. The scale is a five-point Likert type and the number of items is 17. The total attitude score varies between 17 and 85, and a high score indicates a positive attitude toward breastfeeding.
  measure: Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13)
  time frame: Change in satisfaction with the "motherhood" experience levels at 6 weeks
  description: The BaM-13 was developed by Matthey in 2011, and its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Sevgi-Güler. The scale aims to determine mothers' experiences of motherhood. The scale, which consists of a total of 13 items, is a 4-point Likert-type scale and each item is scored between 0-3. The total score ranges from 0 to 39, and high scores on the scale indicate less satisfaction with the "motherhood" experience.
  arm group label: Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages group
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: In the study, education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" was given to the women in the experimental group within the first 24 hours after the birth, and the training topics were sent as a mobile message for 6 weeks after the birth.
  Education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" was given in 2 postpartum sessions. In the first session, breastfeeding education was given to women in practice, together with the first postpartum breastfeeding. At the beginning of the second session, breastfeeding training was repeated and then Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care training was given. The first session was given at the first breastfeeding time, and the second session was given between 20-24 hours after birth. Each session lasted approximately 20-25 minutes. In order to solve the problems of the mothers, questions, and answers were made before discharge, and breastfeeding of the mothers was observed.
  arm group label: Routine checks
  arm group type: No Intervention
  description: The researchers applied no initiative to the control group, and the women in the control group solely had the routine checks. The women in the control group filled out all pretest forms(A sociodemographic questionnaire including questions about age, educational level, employment, income level, whether the pregnancy was planned and the gender of the baby, as well as the personal phone numbers of the women, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES), IOWA-Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), and Being a Mother Scale (BaM-13) . The BSES, IIFAS, and BaM-13 were re-administered to all participants at postpartum 6 weeks as post-tests. In addition, the method by which the participants continued to feed their babies, their use of bottles or pacifiers, and their nipple problems were recorded in the form created by the researchers. Post-test data were collected by the researchers by contacting the participants by phone.
  intervention type: Other
  intervention name: Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages
  description: Participants in the experimental group were provided with education on "Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care" at the hospital and mobile messages were sent with the same content as education program for 6 weeks after discharge.
  arm group label: Breastfeeding and Basic Maternal-Neonatal Care and mobile messages group
  criteria: 
  gender: Female
  gender based: Yes
  gender description: women in the first 24 hours after the birth
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: N/A
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  facility: 
  country: Turkey
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: Inonu University
  investigator full name: Esra SABANCI BARANSEL
  investigator title: Assistant professor
  sharing ipd: No