xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05966935</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>Fenugreek and cumin powder</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT05966935</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Effect of Fenugreek and Cumin Powder on Overweight and Obese People</brief_title>
    <official_title>Effect of Fenugreek and Cumin Powder on Anthropometric Indices of Overweight and Obese Adults</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of fenugreek and cumin powder on the&#xD;
        anthropometric indices of overweight and obese adults aged 18-30 years. This study design&#xD;
        intends to answer following question:&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Will fenugreek and cumin powder mixture result in change of anthropometric measurements (BMI,&#xD;
        Waist-Hip Ratio, Fat Mass)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Obesity is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and is characterized by an&#xD;
        increased fat deposition in adipose tissue and other internal organs .&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Obesity leads to the development of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, coronary heart&#xD;
        disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and osteoarthritis. The World Obesity Atlas 2022&#xD;
        predicts that one billion people globally, including 1 in 5 women and 1 in 7 men, will be&#xD;
        living with obesity by 2030.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Pakistan ranks tenth out of 188 countries, with 50% of population overweight or obese Several&#xD;
        studies have investigated the effect of fenugreek and cumin supplementation on anthropometric&#xD;
        measures but the findings have been inconsistent. Only few studies directly focused on powder&#xD;
        supplementation. The study aims to investigate the effect of fenugreek and cumin powder&#xD;
        supplementation on body measurements for weight loss. This will help in developing a rather&#xD;
        inexpensive, herbal mixture for weight loss.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Galactomannan present in fenugreek capture and excrete sugars from body before it moves in&#xD;
        the blood, this causes the loss of weight The percent gain in body weight was significantly&#xD;
        low in groups supplemented with fenugreek Cumin improves anthropometric indices in&#xD;
        overweight. Cumin powder reduced weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass and percentage&#xD;
        significantly.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        This study consists of following phases Phase 1: Fenugreek and cumin powder preparation Phase&#xD;
        2: 30 Participants will be recruited after filling the consent form and screened through a&#xD;
        questionnaire throughout the university. Individuals with BMI &gt;23kg/m2, WHR &gt;0.8 will be&#xD;
        recruited in the study after fulfilling the criterion (patients of thyroid, PCOS, HTN will be&#xD;
        excluded). Participants not following any fitness regime or specific diet will be recruited&#xD;
        further. Baseline body measurements will be taken by inbody analyzer. They will be given&#xD;
        powder packed in packets to be used for 8 weeks twice a day before breakfast and dinner.&#xD;
        Experimental Design : Overweight and obese adults will be assigned to two groups (&#xD;
        Intervention group and control). Participants will be requested to record the following&#xD;
        information daily: Consumption of FCP( fenugreek cumin powder) and any side effects if&#xD;
        experienced after consumption.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        The control group will not receive powder or any other intervention. Phase 3: Measurements&#xD;
        will be taken after intervention&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Statistical Analysis:&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Microsoft excel will be used for data coding. Descriptive analysis will be done by using SPSS&#xD;
        version 23( SPSS for windows version 23; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Independent sample t-test and Pearson chi-square will be performed to compare the treatment&#xD;
        and control groups. P value &lt; 0.05 will be considered significant for all analysis.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">August 15, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">November 20, 2023</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">October 20, 2023</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
      <intervention_model_description>Participants will be divided into two groups. One group will receive the Fenugreek Cumin Powder. The other group will not receive the powder</intervention_model_description>
      <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
      <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>weight change in kilograms</measure>
      <time_frame>change from baseline weight after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>Electronic weighing scale will be used to assess weight change in both groups</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Change in Body fat mass in kilograms and percentages</measure>
      <time_frame>change from baseline readings after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>body fat mass and percentage will be assessed through inbody analyzer 270</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Change in BMI in kg/m^2</measure>
      <time_frame>change from baseline reading after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>the BMI will be calculated using weight(kg) and height(m^2)</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Change in Waist- Hip Ratio</measure>
      <time_frame>change from baseline reading after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>the WHR will be calculated using inbody analyzer 270</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Change in Basal metabolic Rate( BMR)</measure>
      <time_frame>Change from baseline after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>The BMR will be calculated using Inbody analyzer 270</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>change in Protein mass of body (grams)</measure>
      <time_frame>change from baseline reading after 2 months</time_frame>
      <description>this protein mass will be assessed through Inbody analyzer 270</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">60</enrollment>
    <condition>Overweight and Obesity</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>fenugreek cumin powder</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>Experimental :Fenugreek and Cumin Powder Overweight and Obese adults in this group will receive fenugreek cumin powder daily twicw a day before morning and evening meals for 8 weeks</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>no treatment</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
      <description>Control group In this group, the overweight and obese participants will not receive fenugreek and cumin powder or any intervention for 8 weeks</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Combination Product</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Fenugreek Cumin Powder</intervention_name>
      <description>Fenugreek and Cumin seeds will be procured from the market. They will be cleaned of debris, winnowed, and grinded to fine powder passed through a mesh size of 30 for metal cleaning. 5g of fenugreek powder and 5g of cumin powder will be packed in packets. Participants in the intervention group will be instructed to consume the powder before breakfast and dinner with a glass of water.</description>
      <arm_group_label>fenugreek cumin powder</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  overweight and obese( BMI&gt;23 kg/m^2)&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  pregnant women&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Thyroid&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  PCOS&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  HTN&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  fitness regime&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  specific diet&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>30 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Sanaullah Iqbal, PhD</last_name>
      <role>Principal Investigator</role>
      <affiliation>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Punjab</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Maria Rasool, MPhil</last_name>
      <phone>+92336414183</phone>
      <email>mariarasool1912@gmail.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <overall_contact_backup>
      <last_name>Sanaullah Iqbal, PhD</last_name>
      <phone>+923338981489</phone>
      <email>sanaullah.iqbal@uvas.edu.pk</email>
    </overall_contact_backup>
    <reference>
      <citation>Khosla P, Gupta DD, Nagpal RK. Effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on blood glucose in normal and diabetic rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;39(2):173-4.</citation>
      <PMID>7649611</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Geberemeskel GA, Debebe YG, Nguse NA. Antidiabetic Effect of Fenugreek Seed Powder Solution (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on Hyperlipidemia in Diabetic Patients. J Diabetes Res. 2019 Sep 5;2019:8507453. doi: 10.1155/2019/8507453. eCollection 2019.</citation>
      <PMID>31583253</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Hameed S, Arshad MS, Ahmad RS, Hussain G, Imran M, Arshad MU, Ahmed A, Imran M, Imran A. Potential preventive and protective perspectives of different spice powders and their mixtures in rat model. Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Apr 23;19(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01223-9.</citation>
      <PMID>32326942</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Khateeb S, Albalawi A, Alkhedaide A. Regulatory effect of diosgenin on lipogenic genes expression in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan;28(1):1026-1032. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.045. Epub 2020 Nov 18.</citation>
      <PMID>33424396</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Kumar P, Bhandari U, Jamadagni S. Fenugreek seed extract inhibit fat accumulation and ameliorates dyslipidemia in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:606021. doi: 10.1155/2014/606021. Epub 2014 Apr 29.</citation>
      <PMID>24868532</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Laudadio V, Nasiri-Dehbaneh M, Bilal RM, Qotbi A, Javandel F, Ebrahimi A, Seidavi A, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Dunne PG, Tufarelli V. Effects of different levels of dietary black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and their combination on productive traits, selected blood constituents, microbiota and immunity of broilers. Anim Biotechnol. 2022 Oct;33(5):941-954. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1853138. Epub 2020 Dec 16.</citation>
      <PMID>33325302</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Mathern JR, Raatz SK, Thomas W, Slavin JL. Effect of fenugreek fiber on satiety, blood glucose and insulin response and energy intake in obese subjects. Phytother Res. 2009 Nov;23(11):1543-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2795.</citation>
      <PMID>19353539</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Faghfouri AH, Anbari M, Nikpayam O, PourMirzaei Olyaei H, Alizadeh M. Efficacy of Cuminum Cyminum supplementation on lipid profile and anthropometric parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res. 2022 Jan;36(1):380-394. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7327. Epub 2021 Nov 25.</citation>
      <PMID>34825421</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Peng Y, Sun Q, Xu W, He Y, Jin W, Yuan L, Gao R. Vitexin ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity in male C57BL/6J mice via the AMPKalpha-mediated pathway. Food Funct. 2019 Apr 1;10(4):1940-1947. doi: 10.1039/c9fo00148d. Epub 2019 Mar 15.</citation>
      <PMID>30874277</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Said O, Saad B, Fulder S, Khalil K, Kassis E. Weight loss in animals and humans treated with &quot;weighlevel&quot;, a combination of four medicinal plants used in traditional arabic and islamic medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:874538. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nen067. Epub 2011 Jun 16.</citation>
      <PMID>18952688</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Sharma MS, Choudhary PR. Effect of Fenugreek Seeds Powder (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on Experimental Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rabbits. J Diet Suppl. 2017 Jan 2;14(1):1-8. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1168905. Epub 2016 Apr 12.</citation>
      <PMID>27070043</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Yadav UC, Baquer NZ. Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in health and disease. Pharm Biol. 2014 Feb;52(2):243-54. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2013.826247. Epub 2013 Oct 9.</citation>
      <PMID>24102093</PMID>
    </reference>
    <verification_date>July 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>July 14, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>July 25, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 1, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>July 25, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>July 25, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 1, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Sanaullah Iqbal</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Professor</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>Fenugreek powder</keyword>
    <keyword>Cumin powder</keyword>
    <keyword>Body Composition</keyword>
    <keyword>Anthropometric Indices</keyword>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Overweight</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05966935
  org study id: Fenugreek and cumin powder
  nct id: NCT05966935
  lead sponsor: 
  has dmc: Yes
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of fenugreek and cumin powder on the
        anthropometric indices of overweight and obese adults aged 18-30 years. This study design
        intends to answer following question:
  
        Will fenugreek and cumin powder mixture result in change of anthropometric measurements (BMI,
        Waist-Hip Ratio, Fat Mass)
  Obesity is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and is characterized by an
        increased fat deposition in adipose tissue and other internal organs .
  
        Obesity leads to the development of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, coronary heart
        disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and osteoarthritis. The World Obesity Atlas 2022
        predicts that one billion people globally, including 1 in 5 women and 1 in 7 men, will be
        living with obesity by 2030.
  
        Pakistan ranks tenth out of 188 countries, with 50% of population overweight or obese Several
        studies have investigated the effect of fenugreek and cumin supplementation on anthropometric
        measures but the findings have been inconsistent. Only few studies directly focused on powder
        supplementation. The study aims to investigate the effect of fenugreek and cumin powder
        supplementation on body measurements for weight loss. This will help in developing a rather
        inexpensive, herbal mixture for weight loss.
  
        Galactomannan present in fenugreek capture and excrete sugars from body before it moves in
        the blood, this causes the loss of weight The percent gain in body weight was significantly
        low in groups supplemented with fenugreek Cumin improves anthropometric indices in
        overweight. Cumin powder reduced weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass and percentage
        significantly.
  
        This study consists of following phases Phase 1: Fenugreek and cumin powder preparation Phase
        2: 30 Participants will be recruited after filling the consent form and screened through a
        questionnaire throughout the university. Individuals with BMI >23kg/m2, WHR >0.8 will be
        recruited in the study after fulfilling the criterion (patients of thyroid, PCOS, HTN will be
        excluded). Participants not following any fitness regime or specific diet will be recruited
        further. Baseline body measurements will be taken by inbody analyzer. They will be given
        powder packed in packets to be used for 8 weeks twice a day before breakfast and dinner.
        Experimental Design : Overweight and obese adults will be assigned to two groups (
        Intervention group and control). Participants will be requested to record the following
        information daily: Consumption of FCP( fenugreek cumin powder) and any side effects if
        experienced after consumption.
  
        The control group will not receive powder or any other intervention. Phase 3: Measurements
        will be taken after intervention
  
        Statistical Analysis:
  
        Microsoft excel will be used for data coding. Descriptive analysis will be done by using SPSS
        version 23( SPSS for windows version 23; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
  
        Independent sample t-test and Pearson chi-square will be performed to compare the treatment
        and control groups. P value < 0.05 will be considered significant for all analysis.
  allocation: Randomized
  intervention model: Parallel Assignment
  intervention model description: Participants will be divided into two groups. One group will receive the Fenugreek Cumin Powder. The other group will not receive the powder
  primary purpose: Treatment
  masking: None (Open Label)
  measure: weight change in kilograms
  time frame: change from baseline weight after 2 months
  description: Electronic weighing scale will be used to assess weight change in both groups
  measure: Change in Body fat mass in kilograms and percentages
  time frame: change from baseline readings after 2 months
  description: body fat mass and percentage will be assessed through inbody analyzer 270
  measure: Change in BMI in kg/m^2
  time frame: change from baseline reading after 2 months
  description: the BMI will be calculated using weight(kg) and height(m^2)
  measure: Change in Waist- Hip Ratio
  time frame: change from baseline reading after 2 months
  description: the WHR will be calculated using inbody analyzer 270
  measure: Change in Basal metabolic Rate( BMR)
  time frame: Change from baseline after 2 months
  description: The BMR will be calculated using Inbody analyzer 270
  measure: change in Protein mass of body (grams)
  time frame: change from baseline reading after 2 months
  description: this protein mass will be assessed through Inbody analyzer 270
  arm group label: fenugreek cumin powder
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: Experimental :Fenugreek and Cumin Powder Overweight and Obese adults in this group will receive fenugreek cumin powder daily twicw a day before morning and evening meals for 8 weeks
  arm group label: no treatment
  arm group type: No Intervention
  description: Control group In this group, the overweight and obese participants will not receive fenugreek and cumin powder or any intervention for 8 weeks
  intervention type: Combination Product
  intervention name: Fenugreek Cumin Powder
  description: Fenugreek and Cumin seeds will be procured from the market. They will be cleaned of debris, winnowed, and grinded to fine powder passed through a mesh size of 30 for metal cleaning. 5g of fenugreek powder and 5g of cumin powder will be packed in packets. Participants in the intervention group will be instructed to consume the powder before breakfast and dinner with a glass of water.
  arm group label: fenugreek cumin powder
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: 30 Years
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  last name: Sanaullah Iqbal, PhD
  role: Principal Investigator
  affiliation: University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Punjab
  last name: Maria Rasool, MPhil
  phone: +92336414183
  email: mariarasool1912@gmail.com
  last name: Sanaullah Iqbal, PhD
  phone: +923338981489
  email: sanaullah.iqbal@uvas.edu.pk
  citation: Khosla P, Gupta DD, Nagpal RK. Effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on blood glucose in normal and diabetic rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;39(2):173-4.
  PMID: 7649611
  citation: Geberemeskel GA, Debebe YG, Nguse NA. Antidiabetic Effect of Fenugreek Seed Powder Solution (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on Hyperlipidemia in Diabetic Patients. J Diabetes Res. 2019 Sep 5;2019:8507453. doi: 10.1155/2019/8507453. eCollection 2019.
  PMID: 31583253
  citation: Hameed S, Arshad MS, Ahmad RS, Hussain G, Imran M, Arshad MU, Ahmed A, Imran M, Imran A. Potential preventive and protective perspectives of different spice powders and their mixtures in rat model. Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Apr 23;19(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01223-9.
  PMID: 32326942
  citation: Khateeb S, Albalawi A, Alkhedaide A. Regulatory effect of diosgenin on lipogenic genes expression in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan;28(1):1026-1032. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.045. Epub 2020 Nov 18.
  PMID: 33424396
  citation: Kumar P, Bhandari U, Jamadagni S. Fenugreek seed extract inhibit fat accumulation and ameliorates dyslipidemia in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:606021. doi: 10.1155/2014/606021. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
  PMID: 24868532
  citation: Laudadio V, Nasiri-Dehbaneh M, Bilal RM, Qotbi A, Javandel F, Ebrahimi A, Seidavi A, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Dunne PG, Tufarelli V. Effects of different levels of dietary black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and their combination on productive traits, selected blood constituents, microbiota and immunity of broilers. Anim Biotechnol. 2022 Oct;33(5):941-954. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1853138. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
  PMID: 33325302
  citation: Mathern JR, Raatz SK, Thomas W, Slavin JL. Effect of fenugreek fiber on satiety, blood glucose and insulin response and energy intake in obese subjects. Phytother Res. 2009 Nov;23(11):1543-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2795.
  PMID: 19353539
  citation: Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Faghfouri AH, Anbari M, Nikpayam O, PourMirzaei Olyaei H, Alizadeh M. Efficacy of Cuminum Cyminum supplementation on lipid profile and anthropometric parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res. 2022 Jan;36(1):380-394. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7327. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
  PMID: 34825421
  citation: Peng Y, Sun Q, Xu W, He Y, Jin W, Yuan L, Gao R. Vitexin ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity in male C57BL/6J mice via the AMPKalpha-mediated pathway. Food Funct. 2019 Apr 1;10(4):1940-1947. doi: 10.1039/c9fo00148d. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
  PMID: 30874277
  citation: Said O, Saad B, Fulder S, Khalil K, Kassis E. Weight loss in animals and humans treated with "weighlevel", a combination of four medicinal plants used in traditional arabic and islamic medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:874538. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nen067. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
  PMID: 18952688
  citation: Sharma MS, Choudhary PR. Effect of Fenugreek Seeds Powder (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on Experimental Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rabbits. J Diet Suppl. 2017 Jan 2;14(1):1-8. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1168905. Epub 2016 Apr 12.
  PMID: 27070043
  citation: Yadav UC, Baquer NZ. Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in health and disease. Pharm Biol. 2014 Feb;52(2):243-54. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2013.826247. Epub 2013 Oct 9.
  PMID: 24102093
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan
  investigator full name: Sanaullah Iqbal
  investigator title: Professor
  mesh term: Overweight
  sharing ipd: No