xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05987046</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>NationalTaiwanSportU</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT05987046</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>Contrast Training, Post-activation Countermovement Jump Performance in High Strength Male</brief_title>
    <official_title>The Effects of Three Contrast Training Sessions in a Week on Post-activation Countermovement Jump Performance in High Strength Male</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>National Taiwan Sport University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
    </sponsors>
    <source>National Taiwan Sport University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        The study investigated the effects of three contrast training sessions in a week on&#xD;
        post-activation countermovement jump performance in high strength male.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        Previous researches indicated that the primary contributor of contrast training to improving&#xD;
        explosive performance might be the phenomenon of post-activation performance enhancement&#xD;
        (PAPE), with emphasis on conducting plyometric training at the optimal PAPE time. However,&#xD;
        the PAPE appeared to be susceptible to fatigue and delayed potentiation of neuromuscular&#xD;
        performance. Thus, its applicability in practical training is not yet clarified. The purposes&#xD;
        of this study are to: 1) examine the effects of three contrast training sessions in a week on&#xD;
        individual and group's PAPE and the optimal timepoint of PAPE; 2) assess the intrasession and&#xD;
        intersession reliability of the optimal PAPE timepoints of both individuals and groups; 3)&#xD;
        determine the relationship between kinematic parameters during resistance training and PAPE.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Qualified participants will visit the laboratory five times for experimental familiarization,&#xD;
        One repetition maximum (1RM) of parallel squat test, and three contrast training sessions,&#xD;
        with each contrast training session consisting of three sets of parallel squats in a week.&#xD;
        Alongside this, countermovement jump tests will be conducted before the first set of squats&#xD;
        and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 minutes after each squat set, with the kinematic parameters of&#xD;
        the parallel squats also being collected.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Actual">September 4, 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">June 30, 2024</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">June 30, 2024</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>N/A</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
      <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
      <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE)</measure>
      <time_frame>Change in baseline and 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 minutes after each squat set.</time_frame>
      <description>PAPE will be evaluated by maximum height of countermovement jump in this study.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Within-group neuromuscular fatigue</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Within-group neuromuscular fatigue will be evaluated by velocity loss rate calculated from maximum and minimum concentric mean velocities of each set for squat in this study.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Between-group neuromuscular fatigue</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Between-group neuromuscular fatigue will be evaluated by the fastest mean concentric velocity of each squat set in this study.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Between-day squat performance</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Between-day squat performance will be evaluated by the fastest mean concentric velocity of first squat set for each contrast training in this study.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Delayed potentiation of neuromuscular performance (DPNP)</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>DPNP will be evaluated by maximum height of countermovement jump in this study.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Weight</measure>
      <time_frame>Baseline</time_frame>
      <description>Weight in kilograms.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Height in meters</measure>
      <time_frame>Baseline</time_frame>
      <description>Height in meters.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Body fat</measure>
      <time_frame>Baseline</time_frame>
      <description>The body weight and fat weight will be combined to calculate the body fat in percentage.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Squat 1RM</measure>
      <time_frame>Baseline</time_frame>
      <description>Squat 1RM will be evaluated maximum weight lifted for 1 repetition of squat in this study.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric mean force of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric mean force in newtons.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric peak force of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>concentric peak force in newtons.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric mean velocity of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric mean velocity in meters per second.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric mean velocity loss of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric mean velocity loss in percentage.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric peak velocity of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric mean velocity in meters per second.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric mean power of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>concentric mean velocity in watts.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric peak power of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric peak power in watts.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Concentric rep duration of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Concentric rep duration in scend.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Dip of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Dip in meters.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Eccentric min velocity of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Eccentric min velocity in meters per second.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Eccentric peak velocity of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Eccentric peak velocity in meters per second.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Eccentric peak force of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Eccentric peak force in newtons.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <measure>Vertical distance of squat</measure>
      <time_frame>Up to 2 weeks.</time_frame>
      <description>Vertical distance in meters.</description>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">22</enrollment>
    <condition>Resistance Training</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>Contrast training sessions</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>Participants will perform three contrast training sessions for a week.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>Contrast training</intervention_name>
      <description>Three sets of three repetitions of parallel squats at 90% of 1RM</description>
      <arm_group_label>Contrast training sessions</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Least 2 years of resistance training experience.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Least 1.75 times body weight of squat 1RM&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Currently engaged in regular exercise training.&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Skeletal muscle injury within the past six months.&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Non-responders to PAPE&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>Male</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>30 Years</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_official>
      <last_name>Tzai-Li Li, Phd</last_name>
      <role>Study Director</role>
      <affiliation>National Taiwan Sport University</affiliation>
    </overall_official>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>Tzai-Li Li, Phd</last_name>
      <phone>+886 3 328-3201</phone>
      <phone_ext>8662</phone_ext>
      <email>leej@ntsu.edu.tw</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>National Taiwan Sport University</name>
        <address>
          <city>Taoyuan</city>
          <zip>33301</zip>
          <country>Taiwan</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
      <status>Recruiting</status>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Taiwan</country>
    </location_countries>
    <verification_date>September 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>July 23, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>August 3, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 14, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>September 13, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>September 13, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 15, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>National Taiwan Sport University</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Tzai-Li Li</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Professor</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05987046
  org study id: NationalTaiwanSportU
  nct id: NCT05987046
  lead sponsor: 
  has dmc: No
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  The study investigated the effects of three contrast training sessions in a week on
        post-activation countermovement jump performance in high strength male.
  Previous researches indicated that the primary contributor of contrast training to improving
        explosive performance might be the phenomenon of post-activation performance enhancement
        (PAPE), with emphasis on conducting plyometric training at the optimal PAPE time. However,
        the PAPE appeared to be susceptible to fatigue and delayed potentiation of neuromuscular
        performance. Thus, its applicability in practical training is not yet clarified. The purposes
        of this study are to: 1) examine the effects of three contrast training sessions in a week on
        individual and group's PAPE and the optimal timepoint of PAPE; 2) assess the intrasession and
        intersession reliability of the optimal PAPE timepoints of both individuals and groups; 3)
        determine the relationship between kinematic parameters during resistance training and PAPE.
  
        Qualified participants will visit the laboratory five times for experimental familiarization,
        One repetition maximum (1RM) of parallel squat test, and three contrast training sessions,
        with each contrast training session consisting of three sets of parallel squats in a week.
        Alongside this, countermovement jump tests will be conducted before the first set of squats
        and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 minutes after each squat set, with the kinematic parameters of
        the parallel squats also being collected.
  allocation: N/A
  intervention model: Single Group Assignment
  primary purpose: Treatment
  masking: None (Open Label)
  measure: post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE)
  time frame: Change in baseline and 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 minutes after each squat set.
  description: PAPE will be evaluated by maximum height of countermovement jump in this study.
  measure: Within-group neuromuscular fatigue
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Within-group neuromuscular fatigue will be evaluated by velocity loss rate calculated from maximum and minimum concentric mean velocities of each set for squat in this study.
  measure: Between-group neuromuscular fatigue
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Between-group neuromuscular fatigue will be evaluated by the fastest mean concentric velocity of each squat set in this study.
  measure: Between-day squat performance
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Between-day squat performance will be evaluated by the fastest mean concentric velocity of first squat set for each contrast training in this study.
  measure: Delayed potentiation of neuromuscular performance (DPNP)
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: DPNP will be evaluated by maximum height of countermovement jump in this study.
  measure: Weight
  time frame: Baseline
  description: Weight in kilograms.
  measure: Height in meters
  time frame: Baseline
  description: Height in meters.
  measure: Body fat
  time frame: Baseline
  description: The body weight and fat weight will be combined to calculate the body fat in percentage.
  measure: Squat 1RM
  time frame: Baseline
  description: Squat 1RM will be evaluated maximum weight lifted for 1 repetition of squat in this study.
  measure: Concentric mean force of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric mean force in newtons.
  measure: Concentric peak force of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: concentric peak force in newtons.
  measure: Concentric mean velocity of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric mean velocity in meters per second.
  measure: Concentric mean velocity loss of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric mean velocity loss in percentage.
  measure: Concentric peak velocity of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric mean velocity in meters per second.
  measure: Concentric mean power of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: concentric mean velocity in watts.
  measure: Concentric peak power of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric peak power in watts.
  measure: Concentric rep duration of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Concentric rep duration in scend.
  measure: Dip of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Dip in meters.
  measure: Eccentric min velocity of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Eccentric min velocity in meters per second.
  measure: Eccentric peak velocity of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Eccentric peak velocity in meters per second.
  measure: Eccentric peak force of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Eccentric peak force in newtons.
  measure: Vertical distance of squat
  time frame: Up to 2 weeks.
  description: Vertical distance in meters.
  arm group label: Contrast training sessions
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: Participants will perform three contrast training sessions for a week.
  intervention type: Behavioral
  intervention name: Contrast training
  description: Three sets of three repetitions of parallel squats at 90% of 1RM
  arm group label: Contrast training sessions
  criteria: 
  gender: Male
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: 30 Years
  healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
  last name: Tzai-Li Li, Phd
  role: Study Director
  affiliation: National Taiwan Sport University
  last name: Tzai-Li Li, Phd
  phone: +886 3 328-3201
  phone ext: 8662
  email: leej@ntsu.edu.tw
  facility: 
  status: Recruiting
  country: Taiwan
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: National Taiwan Sport University
  investigator full name: Tzai-Li Li
  investigator title: Professor