xml: <clinical_study>
    <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
    <required_header>
      <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
      <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
      <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06029790</url>
    </required_header>
    <id_info>
      <org_study_id>CRC</org_study_id>
      <nct_id>NCT06029790</nct_id>
    </id_info>
    <brief_title>The Effect of Chewing Gum on Nausea, Vomiting and Bowel Function After Colorectal Surgery</brief_title>
    <official_title>The Effect of Chewing Gum on Nausea, Vomiting and Bowel Functions After Colorectal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study</official_title>
    <sponsors>
      <lead_sponsor>
        <agency>Cukurova University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </lead_sponsor>
      <collaborator>
        <agency>Tarsus University</agency>
        <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
      </collaborator>
    </sponsors>
    <source>Cukurova University</source>
    <oversight_info>
      <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
      <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    </oversight_info>
    <brief_summary>
      <textblock>
        False feeding refers to promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis by seeing, smelling, chewing,&#xD;
        and tasting food, not getting food into the gastrointestinal tract. Postoperative sham&#xD;
        feeding uses gum to promote the healing of gastrointestinal peristalsis. Although not fully&#xD;
        understood, the physiological theory underlying gum chewing (fake feeding) to stimulate&#xD;
        peristalsis and reduce postoperative intestinal recovery time is that the oral and chewing&#xD;
        stimulation provided by chewing gum stimulates a neurohumoral reflex that increases&#xD;
        gastrointestinal fluid secretion. This increases gastrointestinal motility. In addition, oral&#xD;
        stimulation and chewing can stimulate the vagus nerve, which is also involved in promoting&#xD;
        peristalsis. Finally, none of the existing theories adequately explain the effect of&#xD;
        chewing/gum chewing on reducing postoperative inflammation in the gut, which may result in a&#xD;
        reduced incidence of postoperative infection. In previous studies, physiological changes&#xD;
        associated with gum appear to promote normal gastrointestinal function and subsequent&#xD;
        postoperative/anesthetic recovery. Although many studies have been conducted to examine the&#xD;
        effectiveness of chewing gum in patients undergoing colorectal resection, the results have&#xD;
        been inconsistent. This can be attributed to differences in intestinal injuries affecting&#xD;
        bowel function, differences in time under anesthesia and differences in anesthetics or pain&#xD;
        control agents used for pain control affecting bowel function, and recovery time of&#xD;
        peristalsis. Given the many factors known to affect postoperative ileus, chewing gum as an&#xD;
        intervention remains a safe, accessible, and inexpensive option that remains to be explored.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </brief_summary>
    <detailed_description>
      <textblock>
        False feeding refers to promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis by seeing, smelling, chewing&#xD;
        and tasting food, not getting food into the gastrointestinal tract. Postoperative sham&#xD;
        feeding uses gum to promote healing of gastrointestinal peristalsis. Although not fully&#xD;
        understood, the physiological theory underlying gum chewing (fake feeding) to stimulate&#xD;
        peristalsis and reduce postoperative intestinal recovery time is that the oral and chewing&#xD;
        stimulation provided by chewing gum stimulates a neurohumoral reflex that increases&#xD;
        gastrointestinal fluid secretion. This increases gastrointestinal motility. In addition, oral&#xD;
        stimulation and chewing can stimulate the vagus nerve, which is also involved in promoting&#xD;
        peristalsis. Finally, none of the existing theories adequately explain the effect of&#xD;
        chewing/gum chewing on reducing postoperative inflammation in the gut, which may result in a&#xD;
        reduced incidence of postoperative infection. Previous studies have shown that physiological&#xD;
        changes associated with gum support normal gastrointestinal function and subsequent&#xD;
        postoperative/anesthetic recovery.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Some studies have shown that chewing gum after colorectal resection reduces postoperative&#xD;
        flatulence and defecation time. showed that it reduces the risk of postoperative ileus. In&#xD;
        contrast, some studies in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery or laparoscopy for&#xD;
        various types of colorectal resection have shown no effect of chewing gum on postoperative&#xD;
        first flatulence and time to defecation, has no significant effect in reducing the average&#xD;
        hospital stay and has no significant effect in preventing postoperative nausea, vomiting, or&#xD;
        bloating.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        One possible reason for the inconsistent results of sham feeding using chewing gum to reduce&#xD;
        the incidence of postoperative ileus may be differences in underlying colorectal cancer types&#xD;
        and heterogeneity between surgical and postoperative care methods.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Although many studies have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of chewing gum in&#xD;
        patients undergoing colorectal resection, the results have been inconsistent. This can be&#xD;
        attributed to differences in intestinal injuries affecting bowel function, differences in&#xD;
        time under anesthesia differences in anesthetics or pain control agents used for pain control&#xD;
        affecting bowel function, and recovery time of peristalsis. Given the many factors known to&#xD;
        affect postoperative ileus, chewing gum as an intervention remains a safe, accessible, and&#xD;
        inexpensive option that remains to be explored. This study will provide empirical evidence&#xD;
        that contributes to a body of literature supporting gum administration for affecting&#xD;
        postoperative nausea, flatulence, and stool output in a well-defined sample.&#xD;
  &#xD;
        Many interventions and strategies have been used to manage postoperative ileus, such as&#xD;
        prokinetic agents and epidural anesthesia. However, these methods have limited efficacy and&#xD;
        still have a relatively high incidence of postoperative ileus. Alternatively, chewing gum&#xD;
        promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis in post-surgery patients without the adverse effects&#xD;
        associated with early feeding. However, results in studies investigating the effect of&#xD;
        chewing gum on postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function after colorectal surgery&#xD;
        are conflicting.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </detailed_description>
    <overall_status>Not yet recruiting</overall_status>
    <start_date type="Anticipated">September 2023</start_date>
    <completion_date type="Anticipated">June 2025</completion_date>
    <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">June 2025</primary_completion_date>
    <phase>N/A</phase>
    <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
    <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
    <study_design_info>
      <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
      <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
      <intervention_model_description>The study was planned as a prospective, single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled study.</intervention_model_description>
      <primary_purpose>Supportive Care</primary_purpose>
      <masking>Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    </study_design_info>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>prevention of postoperative ileus</measure>
      <time_frame>72 hours</time_frame>
      <description>The first postoperative gas removal time and the first postoperative stool removal time will be questioned by the researcher. There is no standard scale for this.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <primary_outcome>
      <measure>Prevention of nausea-vomiting.</measure>
      <time_frame>72 saat</time_frame>
      <description>Nausea and Vomiting Evaluation Form. In our study, PONV status will be evaluated as &quot;Yes/No&quot; at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours using the Nausea and Vomiting Evaluation Form.</description>
    </primary_outcome>
    <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
    <enrollment type="Anticipated">76</enrollment>
    <condition>Postsurgical Ileus</condition>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>gum chewing</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
      <description>All participants will receive standard postoperative care, 2 L/min of oxygen delivered via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation is below 95%. In addition, participants will be encouraged to use the incentive spirometer 10 times per hour to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. In the postoperative period, all participants will be removed from bed and mobilized as soon as possible.&#xD;
  For the patients in the experimental group, sugar-free xylitol gum containing 1.2-1.37 grams of xylitol per piece, available in the market, will be used. Participants in the experimental group will start chewing gum on the first postoperative day and will be allowed to chew a single piece of gum 3 times a day at 9:00, 14:00 and 19:00, respectively, for 15 minutes. The gum will be given to the participants regularly by a researcher until the first reported flatulence.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <arm_group>
      <arm_group_label>control group</arm_group_label>
      <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
      <description>All participants will receive standard postoperative care, 2 L/min of oxygen delivered via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation is below 95%. In addition, participants will be encouraged to use the incentive spirometer 10 times per hour to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. In the postoperative period, all participants will be removed from bed and mobilized as soon as possible.&#xD;
  The control group will receive only standard care.</description>
    </arm_group>
    <intervention>
      <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
      <intervention_name>gum chewing</intervention_name>
      <description>For the patients in the experimental group, sugar-free xylitol gum containing 1.2-1.37 grams of xylitol per piece, available in the market, will be used. Participants in the experimental group will start chewing gum on the first postoperative day and will be allowed to chew a single piece of gum 3 times a day at 9:00, 14:00 and 19:00, respectively, for 15 minutes. The gum will be given to the participants regularly by a researcher until the first reported flatulence.</description>
      <arm_group_label>gum chewing</arm_group_label>
    </intervention>
    <eligibility>
      <criteria>
        <textblock>
          Inclusion Criteria: Being over 18 years old,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  To have applied for elective colorectal surgery,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Having undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Not having a nasogastric insertion,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Not having a vision-hearing problem,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  ECOG performance score to be between 0-2,&#xD;
  &#xD;
          Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Performing emergency surgical intervention,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Open colorectal surgery&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Need for intensive care after surgery,&#xD;
  &#xD;
            -  Stoma has been opened&#xD;
        </textblock>
      </criteria>
      <gender>All</gender>
      <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
      <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
      <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
    </eligibility>
    <overall_contact>
      <last_name>DERYA GEZER</last_name>
      <phone>+905076990081</phone>
      <email>deryasahhin@hotmail.com</email>
    </overall_contact>
    <location>
      <facility>
        <name>Tarsus Universty</name>
        <address>
          <city>Mersin</city>
          <state>Tarsus</state>
          <zip>33400</zip>
          <country>Turkey</country>
        </address>
      </facility>
    </location>
    <location_countries>
      <country>Turkey</country>
    </location_countries>
    <link>
      <url>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnre.2017.02.001</url>
      <description>Chewing gum for postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery: A systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses</description>
    </link>
    <reference>
      <citation>van den Heijkant TC, Costes LM, van der Lee DG, Aerts B, Osinga-de Jong M, Rutten HR, Hulsewe KW, de Jonge WJ, Buurman WA, Luyer MD. Randomized clinical trial of the effect of gum chewing on postoperative ileus and inflammation in colorectal surgery. Br J Surg. 2015 Feb;102(3):202-11. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9691. Epub 2014 Dec 18.</citation>
      <PMID>25524125</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Yang P, Long WJ, Wei L. Chewing Xylitol Gum could Accelerate Bowel motility Recovery after Elective Open Proctectomy for Rectal Cancer. Rev Invest Clin. 2018;70(1):53-58. doi: 10.24875/RIC.18002428.</citation>
      <PMID>29513303</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Liu Q, Jiang H, Xu D, Jin J. Effect of gum chewing on ameliorating ileus following colorectal surgery: A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg. 2017 Nov;47:107-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.07.107. Epub 2017 Sep 1.</citation>
      <PMID>28867465</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Hsu YC, Szu SY. Effects of Gum Chewing on Recovery From Postoperative Ileus: A Randomized Clinical Trail. J Nurs Res. 2022 Oct 1;30(5):e233. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000510.</citation>
      <PMID>35951432</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Lee JT, Hsieh MH, Cheng PJ, Lin JR. The Role of Xylitol Gum Chewing in Restoring Postoperative Bowel Activity After Cesarean Section. Biol Res Nurs. 2016 Mar;18(2):167-72. doi: 10.1177/1099800415592966. Epub 2015 Jul 7.</citation>
      <PMID>26156002</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Forrester DA, Doyle-Munoz J, McTigue T, D'Andrea S, Natale-Ryan A. The efficacy of gum chewing in reducing postoperative ileus: a multisite randomized controlled trial. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2014 May-Jun;41(3):227-32. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000019.</citation>
      <PMID>24621587</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Kobayashi T, Masaki T, Kogawa K, Matsuoka H, Sugiyama M. Efficacy of Gum Chewing on Bowel Movement After Open Colectomy for Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Nov;58(11):1058-63. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000000452.</citation>
      <PMID>26445178</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Suh SY, Leblanc TW, Shelby RA, Samsa GP, Abernethy AP. Longitudinal patient-reported performance status assessment in the cancer clinic is feasible and prognostic. J Oncol Pract. 2011 Nov;7(6):374-81. doi: 10.1200/JOP.2011.000434.</citation>
      <PMID>22379420</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, Horton J, Davis TE, McFadden ET, Carbone PP. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol. 1982 Dec;5(6):649-55. No abstract available.</citation>
      <PMID>7165009</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999 Sep;91(3):693-700. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199909000-00022.</citation>
      <PMID>10485781</PMID>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <citation>Gustafsson UO, Scott MJ, Hubner M, Nygren J, Demartines N, Francis N, Rockall TA, Young-Fadok TM, Hill AG, Soop M, de Boer HD, Urman RD, Chang GJ, Fichera A, Kessler H, Grass F, Whang EE, Fawcett WJ, Carli F, Lobo DN, Rollins KE, Balfour A, Baldini G, Riedel B, Ljungqvist O. Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Elective Colorectal Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS(R)) Society Recommendations: 2018. World J Surg. 2019 Mar;43(3):659-695. doi: 10.1007/s00268-018-4844-y.</citation>
      <PMID>30426190</PMID>
    </reference>
    <verification_date>September 2023</verification_date>
    <study_first_submitted>August 28, 2023</study_first_submitted>
    <study_first_submitted_qc>September 1, 2023</study_first_submitted_qc>
    <study_first_posted type="Actual">September 8, 2023</study_first_posted>
    <last_update_submitted>September 1, 2023</last_update_submitted>
    <last_update_submitted_qc>September 1, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
    <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 8, 2023</last_update_posted>
    <responsible_party>
      <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
      <investigator_affiliation>Tarsus University</investigator_affiliation>
      <investigator_full_name>Derya Gezer</investigator_full_name>
      <investigator_title>Assistant Profesor</investigator_title>
    </responsible_party>
    <keyword>postsurgical ileus</keyword>
    <keyword>chewing gum</keyword>
    <keyword>colorectal surgery</keyword>
    <condition_browse>
      <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
      <mesh_term>Vomiting</mesh_term>
    </condition_browse>
    <patient_data>
      <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
      <ipd_description>Results on the effects of chewing gum on nausea, vomiting and bowel functions after colorectal surgery will be shared. However, personal information will not be shared.</ipd_description>
    </patient_data>
    <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
  </clinical_study>
  
  
text: download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
  link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
  url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06029790
  org study id: CRC
  nct id: NCT06029790
  lead sponsor: 
  collaborator: 
  is fda regulated drug: No
  is fda regulated device: No
  False feeding refers to promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis by seeing, smelling, chewing,
        and tasting food, not getting food into the gastrointestinal tract. Postoperative sham
        feeding uses gum to promote the healing of gastrointestinal peristalsis. Although not fully
        understood, the physiological theory underlying gum chewing (fake feeding) to stimulate
        peristalsis and reduce postoperative intestinal recovery time is that the oral and chewing
        stimulation provided by chewing gum stimulates a neurohumoral reflex that increases
        gastrointestinal fluid secretion. This increases gastrointestinal motility. In addition, oral
        stimulation and chewing can stimulate the vagus nerve, which is also involved in promoting
        peristalsis. Finally, none of the existing theories adequately explain the effect of
        chewing/gum chewing on reducing postoperative inflammation in the gut, which may result in a
        reduced incidence of postoperative infection. In previous studies, physiological changes
        associated with gum appear to promote normal gastrointestinal function and subsequent
        postoperative/anesthetic recovery. Although many studies have been conducted to examine the
        effectiveness of chewing gum in patients undergoing colorectal resection, the results have
        been inconsistent. This can be attributed to differences in intestinal injuries affecting
        bowel function, differences in time under anesthesia and differences in anesthetics or pain
        control agents used for pain control affecting bowel function, and recovery time of
        peristalsis. Given the many factors known to affect postoperative ileus, chewing gum as an
        intervention remains a safe, accessible, and inexpensive option that remains to be explored.
  False feeding refers to promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis by seeing, smelling, chewing
        and tasting food, not getting food into the gastrointestinal tract. Postoperative sham
        feeding uses gum to promote healing of gastrointestinal peristalsis. Although not fully
        understood, the physiological theory underlying gum chewing (fake feeding) to stimulate
        peristalsis and reduce postoperative intestinal recovery time is that the oral and chewing
        stimulation provided by chewing gum stimulates a neurohumoral reflex that increases
        gastrointestinal fluid secretion. This increases gastrointestinal motility. In addition, oral
        stimulation and chewing can stimulate the vagus nerve, which is also involved in promoting
        peristalsis. Finally, none of the existing theories adequately explain the effect of
        chewing/gum chewing on reducing postoperative inflammation in the gut, which may result in a
        reduced incidence of postoperative infection. Previous studies have shown that physiological
        changes associated with gum support normal gastrointestinal function and subsequent
        postoperative/anesthetic recovery.
  
        Some studies have shown that chewing gum after colorectal resection reduces postoperative
        flatulence and defecation time. showed that it reduces the risk of postoperative ileus. In
        contrast, some studies in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery or laparoscopy for
        various types of colorectal resection have shown no effect of chewing gum on postoperative
        first flatulence and time to defecation, has no significant effect in reducing the average
        hospital stay and has no significant effect in preventing postoperative nausea, vomiting, or
        bloating.
  
        One possible reason for the inconsistent results of sham feeding using chewing gum to reduce
        the incidence of postoperative ileus may be differences in underlying colorectal cancer types
        and heterogeneity between surgical and postoperative care methods.
  
        Although many studies have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of chewing gum in
        patients undergoing colorectal resection, the results have been inconsistent. This can be
        attributed to differences in intestinal injuries affecting bowel function, differences in
        time under anesthesia differences in anesthetics or pain control agents used for pain control
        affecting bowel function, and recovery time of peristalsis. Given the many factors known to
        affect postoperative ileus, chewing gum as an intervention remains a safe, accessible, and
        inexpensive option that remains to be explored. This study will provide empirical evidence
        that contributes to a body of literature supporting gum administration for affecting
        postoperative nausea, flatulence, and stool output in a well-defined sample.
  
        Many interventions and strategies have been used to manage postoperative ileus, such as
        prokinetic agents and epidural anesthesia. However, these methods have limited efficacy and
        still have a relatively high incidence of postoperative ileus. Alternatively, chewing gum
        promotes gastrointestinal peristalsis in post-surgery patients without the adverse effects
        associated with early feeding. However, results in studies investigating the effect of
        chewing gum on postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function after colorectal surgery
        are conflicting.
  allocation: Randomized
  intervention model: Parallel Assignment
  intervention model description: The study was planned as a prospective, single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled study.
  primary purpose: Supportive Care
  masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
  measure: prevention of postoperative ileus
  time frame: 72 hours
  description: The first postoperative gas removal time and the first postoperative stool removal time will be questioned by the researcher. There is no standard scale for this.
  measure: Prevention of nausea-vomiting.
  time frame: 72 saat
  description: Nausea and Vomiting Evaluation Form. In our study, PONV status will be evaluated as "Yes/No" at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours using the Nausea and Vomiting Evaluation Form.
  arm group label: gum chewing
  arm group type: Experimental
  description: All participants will receive standard postoperative care, 2 L/min of oxygen delivered via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation is below 95%. In addition, participants will be encouraged to use the incentive spirometer 10 times per hour to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. In the postoperative period, all participants will be removed from bed and mobilized as soon as possible.
  For the patients in the experimental group, sugar-free xylitol gum containing 1.2-1.37 grams of xylitol per piece, available in the market, will be used. Participants in the experimental group will start chewing gum on the first postoperative day and will be allowed to chew a single piece of gum 3 times a day at 9:00, 14:00 and 19:00, respectively, for 15 minutes. The gum will be given to the participants regularly by a researcher until the first reported flatulence.
  arm group label: control group
  arm group type: No Intervention
  description: All participants will receive standard postoperative care, 2 L/min of oxygen delivered via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation is below 95%. In addition, participants will be encouraged to use the incentive spirometer 10 times per hour to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia. In the postoperative period, all participants will be removed from bed and mobilized as soon as possible.
  The control group will receive only standard care.
  intervention type: Other
  intervention name: gum chewing
  description: For the patients in the experimental group, sugar-free xylitol gum containing 1.2-1.37 grams of xylitol per piece, available in the market, will be used. Participants in the experimental group will start chewing gum on the first postoperative day and will be allowed to chew a single piece of gum 3 times a day at 9:00, 14:00 and 19:00, respectively, for 15 minutes. The gum will be given to the participants regularly by a researcher until the first reported flatulence.
  arm group label: gum chewing
  criteria: 
  gender: All
  minimum age: 18 Years
  maximum age: N/A
  healthy volunteers: No
  last name: DERYA GEZER
  phone: +905076990081
  email: deryasahhin@hotmail.com
  facility: 
  country: Turkey
  url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnre.2017.02.001
  description: Chewing gum for postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery: A systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses
  citation: van den Heijkant TC, Costes LM, van der Lee DG, Aerts B, Osinga-de Jong M, Rutten HR, Hulsewe KW, de Jonge WJ, Buurman WA, Luyer MD. Randomized clinical trial of the effect of gum chewing on postoperative ileus and inflammation in colorectal surgery. Br J Surg. 2015 Feb;102(3):202-11. doi: 10.1002/bjs.9691. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
  PMID: 25524125
  citation: Yang P, Long WJ, Wei L. Chewing Xylitol Gum could Accelerate Bowel motility Recovery after Elective Open Proctectomy for Rectal Cancer. Rev Invest Clin. 2018;70(1):53-58. doi: 10.24875/RIC.18002428.
  PMID: 29513303
  citation: Liu Q, Jiang H, Xu D, Jin J. Effect of gum chewing on ameliorating ileus following colorectal surgery: A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg. 2017 Nov;47:107-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.07.107. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
  PMID: 28867465
  citation: Hsu YC, Szu SY. Effects of Gum Chewing on Recovery From Postoperative Ileus: A Randomized Clinical Trail. J Nurs Res. 2022 Oct 1;30(5):e233. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000510.
  PMID: 35951432
  citation: Lee JT, Hsieh MH, Cheng PJ, Lin JR. The Role of Xylitol Gum Chewing in Restoring Postoperative Bowel Activity After Cesarean Section. Biol Res Nurs. 2016 Mar;18(2):167-72. doi: 10.1177/1099800415592966. Epub 2015 Jul 7.
  PMID: 26156002
  citation: Forrester DA, Doyle-Munoz J, McTigue T, D'Andrea S, Natale-Ryan A. The efficacy of gum chewing in reducing postoperative ileus: a multisite randomized controlled trial. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2014 May-Jun;41(3):227-32. doi: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000019.
  PMID: 24621587
  citation: Kobayashi T, Masaki T, Kogawa K, Matsuoka H, Sugiyama M. Efficacy of Gum Chewing on Bowel Movement After Open Colectomy for Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Nov;58(11):1058-63. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000000452.
  PMID: 26445178
  citation: Suh SY, Leblanc TW, Shelby RA, Samsa GP, Abernethy AP. Longitudinal patient-reported performance status assessment in the cancer clinic is feasible and prognostic. J Oncol Pract. 2011 Nov;7(6):374-81. doi: 10.1200/JOP.2011.000434.
  PMID: 22379420
  citation: Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, Horton J, Davis TE, McFadden ET, Carbone PP. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol. 1982 Dec;5(6):649-55. No abstract available.
  PMID: 7165009
  citation: Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999 Sep;91(3):693-700. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199909000-00022.
  PMID: 10485781
  citation: Gustafsson UO, Scott MJ, Hubner M, Nygren J, Demartines N, Francis N, Rockall TA, Young-Fadok TM, Hill AG, Soop M, de Boer HD, Urman RD, Chang GJ, Fichera A, Kessler H, Grass F, Whang EE, Fawcett WJ, Carli F, Lobo DN, Rollins KE, Balfour A, Baldini G, Riedel B, Ljungqvist O. Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Elective Colorectal Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS(R)) Society Recommendations: 2018. World J Surg. 2019 Mar;43(3):659-695. doi: 10.1007/s00268-018-4844-y.
  PMID: 30426190
  responsible party type: Principal Investigator
  investigator affiliation: Tarsus University
  investigator full name: Derya Gezer
  investigator title: Assistant Profesor
  mesh term: Vomiting
  sharing ipd: No
  ipd description: Results on the effects of chewing gum on nausea, vomiting and bowel functions after colorectal surgery will be shared. However, personal information will not be shared.