<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04415021</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>10840098-604.01.01-E.1060</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04415021</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Effects of Diaphragmatic and Iliopsoas Myofascial Release in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain</brief_title>
  <official_title>Effects of Diaphragmatic and Iliopsoas Myofascial Release in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Ümit SIĞLAN</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Istanbul Medipol University Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Istanbul Medipol University Hospital</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_us_export>No</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The aim of this study is to effectively investigate the relaxation of the diaphragm and&#xD;
      iliopsoas muscle with myofascial technique in patients with chronic low back pain.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Low back pain is a common health problem that can be seen as a symptom and symptom of many&#xD;
      diseases in the clinic.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Myofascial release technique is thought to be effective in patients with chronic low back&#xD;
      pain. Therefore, when the literature is examined, it has been observed that the myofascial&#xD;
      release technique has studies on pain, range of motion, functionality, muscle stiffness and&#xD;
      shortness.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study will be performed on patients with a total of 42 low back pain. The cases will be&#xD;
      divided into 2 groups of 21 people by simple random sampling.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Group 1 (control) will be used with sham diaphragm and iliopsoas muscle myofascial release&#xD;
      technique and traditional physiotherapy method.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The second group (experiment) will apply the diaphragm and the myofascial release technique&#xD;
      of the iliopsoas muscle and the traditional physiotherapy method.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patients will be treated for 4 weeks. Traditional physiotherapy method will be applied a&#xD;
      total of 20 sessions 5 days a week. A total of 12 sessions will be performed, with the&#xD;
      myofascial release technique of the diaphragm and iliopsoas muscle applied 3 days a week.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The study focuses on the analysis of the following variables:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Pain : Numerical Pain Scale&#xD;
&#xD;
      Joint Range of Motion: Goniometer&#xD;
&#xD;
      Flexibility: Tape Measure&#xD;
&#xD;
      Pulmonary Function Test: Spirometer&#xD;
&#xD;
      Anxiety and Depression: Beck Depression inventory&#xD;
&#xD;
      Kinesiophobia: Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale&#xD;
&#xD;
      Disability: Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire&#xD;
&#xD;
      The results of these pre-intervention and post-intervention variables will be compared&#xD;
      between the two groups .&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">February 1, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">January 6, 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">July 28, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in range of motin on goniometer at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The goniometer is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint. If a patient or client is suffering from decreased range of motion in a particular joint, the therapist can use a goniometer to assess what the range of motion is at the initial assessment, and then make sure the intervention is working by using the goniometer in subsequent sessions.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in flexibility on tape measure at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Tape Measure. This test is used to assess the degree of flexibility of the lumbal region.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in pulmonary function test on the spirometer at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Spirometer. A spirometer is the main piece of equipment used for basic Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs). Lung diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema can be ruled out from the tests. In addition, a spirometer is often used for finding the cause of shortness of breath, assessing the effect of contaminants on lung function, the effect of medication, and evaluating progress for disease treatment</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in pain on the Numeric Rating Scale at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The Numeric Rating Scale. This scale is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is based solely on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and can be used for adults and children 10 years old or older.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in kinesiophobia on the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia .This scale is used to assess the patients' fear of pain or re-injury due to movement. It consists of 17 items and assesses various factors of fear/avoidance and injury/re-injury in several activities. Total score of the scale varies between 17 and 68 and higher scores represent higher levels of kinesiophobia.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in disability on the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire at 4 weeks</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. This questionnaire is a self-administered disability measure in which greater levels of disability are reflected by higher numbers on a 24-point scale. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire has been shown to yield reliable measurements, which are valid for inferring the level of disability, and to be sensitive to change over time for groups of patients with low back pain.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in anxiety and depression on the Beck Depression Inventory at 4 weeks .</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 4 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The Beck Depression Inventory.This inventory is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">42</enrollment>
  <condition>Low Back Pain, Recurrent</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Subjects in this arm will receive different myofascial release techniques aimed to relaxation the myofascial tension of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas muscles.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Sham Myofascial Release Techniques</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Sham Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Subjects in this arm will receive the same manual techniques of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas myofascial release group, but without the myofascial stimulus.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Experimental: Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques</intervention_name>
    <description>Subjects in this arm will receive different myofascial release techniques aimed to relaxation the myofascial tension of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas muscles.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Sham Comparator: Sham Myofascial Release Techniques</intervention_name>
    <description>Subjects in this arm will receive the same manual techniques of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas myofascial release group, but without the myofascial stimulus.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Sham Myofascial Release Techniques</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients with chronic low back pain diagnosed by the physician between the ages of&#xD;
             20-50&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Both genders&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  People who have low back pain for 3 months or more&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Persons who have not received physical therapy application for the past 6 months, who&#xD;
             have not used analgesics and non-streoids&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Volunteer patients&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Having had surgery for the lumbar region or had a surgical diagnosis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Spondylolisthesis and inflammatory symptoms in the spine&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnant patients&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Other contraindicated conditions determined by the physician:&#xD;
&#xD;
               1. Those with systemic infections&#xD;
&#xD;
               2. Those with undiagnosed breathing difficulties&#xD;
&#xD;
               3. Those with undiagnosed bowel and bladder problems&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>20 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>50 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>ÜMİT SIĞLAN</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>İstanbulMUH</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Istanbul Medipol University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Istanbul</city>
        <country>Turkey</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Turkey</country>
  </location_countries>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>McKenney K, Elder AS, Elder C, Hutchins A. Myofascial release as a treatment for orthopaedic conditions: a systematic review. J Athl Train. 2013 Jul-Aug;48(4):522-7. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.17. Epub 2013 Apr 3.</citation>
    <PMID>23725488</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Ajimsha MS, Al-Mudahka NR, Al-Madzhar JA. Effectiveness of myofascial release: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015 Jan;19(1):102-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 13.</citation>
    <PMID>25603749</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Kolar P, Sulc J, Kyncl M, Sanda J, Cakrt O, Andel R, Kumagai K, Kobesova A. Postural function of the diaphragm in persons with and without chronic low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Apr;42(4):352-62. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2012.3830. Epub 2011 Dec 21.</citation>
    <PMID>22236541</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Janssens L, Brumagne S, McConnell AK, Hermans G, Troosters T, Gayan-Ramirez G. Greater diaphragm fatigability in individuals with recurrent low back pain. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2013 Aug 15;188(2):119-23. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.05.028. Epub 2013 May 31.</citation>
    <PMID>23727158</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Gonzalez-Alvarez FJ, Valenza MC, Torres-Sanchez I, Cabrera-Martos I, Rodriguez-Torres J, Castellote-Caballero Y. Effects of diaphragm stretching on posterior chain muscle kinematics and rib cage and abdominal excursion: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther. 2016 Jun 16;20(5):405-411. doi: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0169.</citation>
    <PMID>27333481</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Marizeiro DF, Florencio ACL, Nunes ACL, Campos NG, Lima POP. Immediate effects of diaphragmatic myofascial release on the physical and functional outcomes in sedentary women: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Oct;22(4):924-929. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.10.008. Epub 2017 Oct 25.</citation>
    <PMID>30368336</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Nachemson A. Electromyographic studies on the vertebral portion of the psoas muscle; with special reference to its stabilizing function of the lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand. 1966;37(2):177-90. doi: 10.3109/17453676608993277. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>5911492</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Park RJ, Tsao H, Claus A, Cresswell AG, Hodges PW. Recruitment of discrete regions of the psoas major and quadratus lumborum muscles is changed in specific sitting postures in individuals with recurrent low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Nov;43(11):833-40. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2013.4840. Epub 2013 Oct 11.</citation>
    <PMID>24175597</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Avrahami D, Potvin JR. The clinical and biomechanical effects of fascial-muscular lengthening therapy on tight hip flexor patients with and without low back pain. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2014 Dec;58(4):444-55.</citation>
    <PMID>25550670</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Stefanidi AV, Skoromets AA, Dukhovnikova IM. [Acute myofascial low back pain as a consequence of functional disorganization between flexors and extensors of the body]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2009;109(6):33-7. Russian.</citation>
    <PMID>19672224</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Savage RA, Whitehouse GH, Roberts N. The relationship between the magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the lumbar spine and low back pain, age and occupation in males. Eur Spine J. 1997;6(2):106-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01358742.</citation>
    <PMID>9209878</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>May 2022</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>May 27, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>May 30, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 4, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>May 24, 2022</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>May 24, 2022</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">May 26, 2022</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor-Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Istanbul Medipol University Hospital</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Ümit SIĞLAN</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Principal Investigator</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Low Back Pain</keyword>
  <keyword>Diaphragm</keyword>
  <keyword>iliopsoas</keyword>
  <keyword>Myofascial Release</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Back Pain</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Low Back Pain</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04415021
org study id: 10840098-604.01.01-E.1060
nct id: NCT04415021
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
is us export: No
The aim of this study is to effectively investigate the relaxation of the diaphragm and
      iliopsoas muscle with myofascial technique in patients with chronic low back pain.
Low back pain is a common health problem that can be seen as a symptom and symptom of many
      diseases in the clinic.

      Myofascial release technique is thought to be effective in patients with chronic low back
      pain. Therefore, when the literature is examined, it has been observed that the myofascial
      release technique has studies on pain, range of motion, functionality, muscle stiffness and
      shortness.

      This study will be performed on patients with a total of 42 low back pain. The cases will be
      divided into 2 groups of 21 people by simple random sampling.

      Group 1 (control) will be used with sham diaphragm and iliopsoas muscle myofascial release
      technique and traditional physiotherapy method.

      The second group (experiment) will apply the diaphragm and the myofascial release technique
      of the iliopsoas muscle and the traditional physiotherapy method.

      Patients will be treated for 4 weeks. Traditional physiotherapy method will be applied a
      total of 20 sessions 5 days a week. A total of 12 sessions will be performed, with the
      myofascial release technique of the diaphragm and iliopsoas muscle applied 3 days a week.

      The study focuses on the analysis of the following variables:

      Pain : Numerical Pain Scale

      Joint Range of Motion: Goniometer

      Flexibility: Tape Measure

      Pulmonary Function Test: Spirometer

      Anxiety and Depression: Beck Depression inventory

      Kinesiophobia: Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale

      Disability: Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire

      The results of these pre-intervention and post-intervention variables will be compared
      between the two groups .
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Change from baseline in range of motin on goniometer at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: The goniometer is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint. If a patient or client is suffering from decreased range of motion in a particular joint, the therapist can use a goniometer to assess what the range of motion is at the initial assessment, and then make sure the intervention is working by using the goniometer in subsequent sessions.
measure: Change from baseline in flexibility on tape measure at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: Tape Measure. This test is used to assess the degree of flexibility of the lumbal region.
measure: Change from baseline in pulmonary function test on the spirometer at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: Spirometer. A spirometer is the main piece of equipment used for basic Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs). Lung diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema can be ruled out from the tests. In addition, a spirometer is often used for finding the cause of shortness of breath, assessing the effect of contaminants on lung function, the effect of medication, and evaluating progress for disease treatment
measure: Change from baseline in pain on the Numeric Rating Scale at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: The Numeric Rating Scale. This scale is an 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain. It is based solely on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and can be used for adults and children 10 years old or older.
measure: Change from baseline in kinesiophobia on the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia .This scale is used to assess the patients' fear of pain or re-injury due to movement. It consists of 17 items and assesses various factors of fear/avoidance and injury/re-injury in several activities. Total score of the scale varies between 17 and 68 and higher scores represent higher levels of kinesiophobia.
measure: Change from baseline in disability on the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire at 4 weeks
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. This questionnaire is a self-administered disability measure in which greater levels of disability are reflected by higher numbers on a 24-point scale. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire has been shown to yield reliable measurements, which are valid for inferring the level of disability, and to be sensitive to change over time for groups of patients with low back pain.
measure: Change from baseline in anxiety and depression on the Beck Depression Inventory at 4 weeks .
time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks
description: The Beck Depression Inventory.This inventory is a 21-item, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression.
arm group label: Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques
arm group type: Experimental
description: Subjects in this arm will receive different myofascial release techniques aimed to relaxation the myofascial tension of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas muscles.
arm group label: Sham Myofascial Release Techniques
arm group type: Sham Comparator
description: Subjects in this arm will receive the same manual techniques of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas myofascial release group, but without the myofascial stimulus.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Experimental: Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques
description: Subjects in this arm will receive different myofascial release techniques aimed to relaxation the myofascial tension of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas muscles.
arm group label: Diaphragmatic and İliopsoas Myofascial Release Techniques
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Sham Comparator: Sham Myofascial Release Techniques
description: Subjects in this arm will receive the same manual techniques of the diaphragmatic and iliopsoas myofascial release group, but without the myofascial stimulus.
arm group label: Sham Myofascial Release Techniques
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 20 Years
maximum age: 50 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: ÜMİT SIĞLAN
role: Study Chair
affiliation: İstanbulMUH
facility: 
country: Turkey
citation: McKenney K, Elder AS, Elder C, Hutchins A. Myofascial release as a treatment for orthopaedic conditions: a systematic review. J Athl Train. 2013 Jul-Aug;48(4):522-7. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.17. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
PMID: 23725488
citation: Ajimsha MS, Al-Mudahka NR, Al-Madzhar JA. Effectiveness of myofascial release: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015 Jan;19(1):102-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
PMID: 25603749
citation: Kolar P, Sulc J, Kyncl M, Sanda J, Cakrt O, Andel R, Kumagai K, Kobesova A. Postural function of the diaphragm in persons with and without chronic low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Apr;42(4):352-62. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2012.3830. Epub 2011 Dec 21.
PMID: 22236541
citation: Janssens L, Brumagne S, McConnell AK, Hermans G, Troosters T, Gayan-Ramirez G. Greater diaphragm fatigability in individuals with recurrent low back pain. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2013 Aug 15;188(2):119-23. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.05.028. Epub 2013 May 31.
PMID: 23727158
citation: Gonzalez-Alvarez FJ, Valenza MC, Torres-Sanchez I, Cabrera-Martos I, Rodriguez-Torres J, Castellote-Caballero Y. Effects of diaphragm stretching on posterior chain muscle kinematics and rib cage and abdominal excursion: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther. 2016 Jun 16;20(5):405-411. doi: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0169.
PMID: 27333481
citation: Marizeiro DF, Florencio ACL, Nunes ACL, Campos NG, Lima POP. Immediate effects of diaphragmatic myofascial release on the physical and functional outcomes in sedentary women: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Oct;22(4):924-929. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.10.008. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
PMID: 30368336
citation: Nachemson A. Electromyographic studies on the vertebral portion of the psoas muscle; with special reference to its stabilizing function of the lumbar spine. Acta Orthop Scand. 1966;37(2):177-90. doi: 10.3109/17453676608993277. No abstract available.
PMID: 5911492
citation: Park RJ, Tsao H, Claus A, Cresswell AG, Hodges PW. Recruitment of discrete regions of the psoas major and quadratus lumborum muscles is changed in specific sitting postures in individuals with recurrent low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Nov;43(11):833-40. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2013.4840. Epub 2013 Oct 11.
PMID: 24175597
citation: Avrahami D, Potvin JR. The clinical and biomechanical effects of fascial-muscular lengthening therapy on tight hip flexor patients with and without low back pain. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2014 Dec;58(4):444-55.
PMID: 25550670
citation: Stefanidi AV, Skoromets AA, Dukhovnikova IM. [Acute myofascial low back pain as a consequence of functional disorganization between flexors and extensors of the body]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2009;109(6):33-7. Russian.
PMID: 19672224
citation: Savage RA, Whitehouse GH, Roberts N. The relationship between the magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the lumbar spine and low back pain, age and occupation in males. Eur Spine J. 1997;6(2):106-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01358742.
PMID: 9209878
responsible party type: Sponsor-Investigator
investigator affiliation: Istanbul Medipol University Hospital
investigator full name: Ümit SIĞLAN
investigator title: Principal Investigator
mesh term: Back Pain
mesh term: Low Back Pain
sharing ipd: No