<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04402580</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>RTX4</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04402580</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Efficacy of Anti-CD20 Antibodies (Rituximab Biosimilar) in the Treatment of Childhood Steroid-dependent Nephrotic Syndrome</brief_title>
  <official_title>Efficacy of Chimeric Monoclonal Anti-CD20 Antibodies (Rituximab Biosimilar) in the Treatment of Childhood Steroid-dependent Nephrotic Syndrome and Development of Cell Biomarkers Predicting Outcome. The RTX 4 Trial.</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Istituto Giannina Gaslini</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Bambino Gesù Hospital and Research Institute</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Istituto Giannina Gaslini</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are emerging as the steroid-sparing therapy of choice for&#xD;
      nephrotic syndrome.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This Randomized Clinical Trial seeks to evaluate whether Rituximab biosimilar maintains&#xD;
      drug-free disease remission in patientswith steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome for 12-24&#xD;
      months and verify its superiority vs. mycophenolate mofetil, the reference standard therapy.&#xD;
      The investigators will compare the risk of relapse to test this hypothesis (primary outcome).&#xD;
      Secondary objectives will include assessing short- and long-term side-effects and developing&#xD;
      specific biomarkers of sensitivity to therapy. Patients will be recruited, treated and&#xD;
      followed at IRCCS G Gaslini and IRCCS Bambino Gesù where laboratory studies will be performed&#xD;
      at in-site facilities&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia&#xD;
      associated with dyslipidemia and hypercoagulability. Oral corticosteroids are the cornerstone&#xD;
      of therapy and induce disease remission in approximately 90% of cases. However, up to 85% of&#xD;
      patients relapse and many develop steroid dependence (SDNS), requiring prolonged dose of&#xD;
      steroids to maintain remission. Clinical practice guidelines (KDIGO) suggest using low-dose&#xD;
      prednisone to maintain remission in SDNS and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) or calcineurin&#xD;
      inhibitors (CNI) as corticosteroid-sparing agents for children who develop steroid adverse&#xD;
      effects. Given the toxicity of all these drugs (steroids, CNI and MMF), there is a need to&#xD;
      investigate alternative options. Recent evidence supports the use of chimeric anti-CD20&#xD;
      monoclonal antibodies in simple SDNS (Rituximab, RTX).&#xD;
&#xD;
      The RTX4 trial is an open-label, two-parallel-arm, controlled and randomized clinical trial&#xD;
      testing the superiority of RTX over MMF in maintaining steroid free disease remission in&#xD;
      patients with SDNS.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Eligible participants are children and young adults (age between 3 and 24 years) with&#xD;
      nephrotic syndrome who are dependent on prednisone 0.3-1mg/Kg/day and have received&#xD;
      prednisone for at least six months before enrolment. Previous treatment with MMF will be&#xD;
      allowed. All participants will enter a 45 days run-in period, during which children treated&#xD;
      with steroids alone will start MMF 1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally in 2 daily doses and will taper&#xD;
      steroids after 15 days by 0.3 mg/kg per week until complete withdrawal. Patients already&#xD;
      receiving MMF alone will continue the treatment. During the same period, instruction on urine&#xD;
      collection and dipstick readings will be carefully reviewed and compliance assessed. After&#xD;
      run-in period, children will be randomized to either the intervention arm (Rituximab,&#xD;
      375mg/m2) or the comparator arm (continuing or starting MMF). In the intervention arm, 1&#xD;
      month after infusion MMF will be decreased by 50% and withdrawn within 2 additional weeks,&#xD;
      whereas MMF will be maintained in the comparator. All patients will be followed for up to 24&#xD;
      months. In case of relapses during this period (see outcome section for definition) patients&#xD;
      will be treated with oral prednisone (60 mg/sqm day). Following remission, steroids will be&#xD;
      maintained at the initial dose for 7 days and then tapered off by 0.3 mg/kg per week until&#xD;
      complete withdrawal in patients of the MMF arm. Patients of the intervention arm will instead&#xD;
      be treated with another infusion of RTX (same dose) immediately following steroid-induced&#xD;
      remission. After infusion of RTX, steroids will be maintained at the initial dose for 7 days&#xD;
      and then tapered off by 0.3 mg/kg per week until complete withdrawal. In this way relapsed&#xD;
      patients in both arms will receive the same cumulative dose of prednisone. In case following&#xD;
      relapse of proteinuria patients fail to respond to prednisone (they will terminate the study&#xD;
      and be considered as treatment failure). The study allows drop-in from one arm to the other&#xD;
      after 3 relapses (i.e., investigators will be allowed to use RTX in the comparator arm and&#xD;
      vice versa MMF in intervention arm). The economic balance will be calculated on the basis of&#xD;
      RTX doses needed to maintain remittance.&#xD;
&#xD;
      All patients will be followed for 24 months. In person visits will occure at enrollment, at&#xD;
      T0 (infusion), after 1 month and every 3/6 months later.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators are going to enroll 160 patients.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Terminated</overall_status>
  <why_stopped>
    due to unexpectedly high rate of relapse in the active comparator arm.&#xD;
  </why_stopped>
  <start_date type="Actual">July 1, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">August 31, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">August 31, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 2</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>The RTX4 trial is an open-label, two-parallel-arm, controlled and randomized clinical trial testing the superiority of RTX over MMF in maintaining steroid free disease remission in patients with SDNS</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Comparison between RTX and MMF, considering number of partecipants and relative relapses in the two cohorts</measure>
    <time_frame>12-24 months</time_frame>
    <description>The first expected result of the project is the demonstration that a single infusion of RTX is more likely than MMF to maintain remission of NS for 12-24 months in children with primary SDNS. In order to evaluate the remission, all the partecipats will document their proteinuria, relapse is defined by uPCR ≥2000 mg/g (≥ 200 mg/mmol) or &gt; 3+ protein on urine dipstick for 3 consecutive days (KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis, Kidney International Supplement, 2012 2, 163-171) and complete remission is defined by uPCR &lt;200 mg/g (&lt;20 mg/mmol) or o1+ of protein on urine dipstick for 3 consecutive days (KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis, Kidney International Supplement, 2012 2, 163-171).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>RTX safety by evaluation and documentation of side effects</measure>
    <time_frame>36 months</time_frame>
    <description>A second result of the study will be based on the side-effects that RTX may induce: the investigators will record and measure frequency and severity of any treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Biomarkers of response to RTX and evaluation of immune competence in patients treated with RTX vs. patients treated with MMF</measure>
    <time_frame>36 months</time_frame>
    <description>A third expected result is the identification of biomarkers of response to RTX and evaluation of immune competence in patients treated with RTX vs. patients treated with MMF. Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) will be characterized by flow cytometry. Samples for cell analysis will be obtained at the start of run-in (-45 days), at time 0 and after 3, 12 and 24 months; the same analysis will be performed in case of relapse. In parallel, total IgG, IgA and IgM levels will be assessed to evaluate the effect of B cell depletion on antibody production.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">30</enrollment>
  <condition>Nephrotic Syndrome Steroid-Dependent</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Rituximab biosimilar</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Drug Name: Rituximab biosimilar monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody&#xD;
Why: Anti-body/antigen interaction results in cell apoptosis and reduced CD20 positive cell related activities (of note CD20 is mostly represented on B cells but also in Th17 cells)&#xD;
How: RTX IV: for dosage between 100 and 250 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 100 ml of normal saline and administered at 2 ml/h for the first 30'; 3 ml/h for the second 30'; 6 ml/h for the third 30'; 15 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 260 and 500 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 250 ml of normal saline and administered at 6 ml/h for the first 30'; 9 ml/h for the second 30'; 18 ml/h for the third 30'; 36 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 510 and 1000 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 500 ml of normal saline and administered at 9 ml/h for the first 30'; thereafter, the infusion rate can be doubled every 30 minutes up to a maximum of 72 ml/h.&#xD;
Where: in Hospital&#xD;
When and how much: once; diluted in 1000 ml of normal saline.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Mycophenolate Mofetil</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Drug Name: Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)&#xD;
Why: selective and reversible inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase with inhibition that particularly affects lymphocytes since they rely almost exclusively de novo purine synthesis&#xD;
Procedures: MMF 1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally divided in 2 daily doses</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Rituximab Biosimilar</intervention_name>
    <description>for dosage between 100 and 250 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 100 ml of normal saline and administered at 2 ml/h for the first 30'; 3 ml/h for the second 30'; 6 ml/h for the third 30'; 15 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 260 and 500 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 250 ml of normal saline and administered at 6 ml/h for the first 30'; 9 ml/h for the second 30'; 18 ml/h for the third 30'; 36 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 510 and 1000 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 500 ml of normal saline and administered at 9 ml/h for the first 30'; thereafter, the infusion rate can be doubled every 30 minutes up to a maximum of 72 ml/h.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Rituximab biosimilar</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Mycophenolate Mofetil</intervention_name>
    <description>1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally divided in 2 daily doses</description>
    <arm_group_label>Mycophenolate Mofetil</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        To be eligible for inclusion into this study, participants will have to fulfil the&#xD;
        following criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age between 3 and 24 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Prednison dependent steroid syndrome 0.3-1mg/Kg/day and receive prednisone for at&#xD;
             least six months before enrolment. Steroid dependence is defined by two consecutive&#xD;
             relapse during corticosteroid therapy or within 14 days of ceasing therapy.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ability to provide consent and assent: parents'/guardian's written informed consent,&#xD;
             and child's assent given before any study-related procedure not part of the subject's&#xD;
             normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the&#xD;
             subject any time without prejudice to his or her future medical care.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Children will be excluded if any of the following criteria apply:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Positivity to autoimmunity tests (ANA, nDNA, ANCA)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Reduction of C3 levels.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  eGFR&lt;90/ml/min/1,73 m2 valuated according to revised Bedside Schwartz Formula for&#xD;
             patients between 2 and 17 years and with CKD-EPI Creatinine 2009 Equation for 18 years&#xD;
             old patients.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnancy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Neoplasm&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Infections: previous or actual HBV (with HBeAb positivity) or HCV infection&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  CD20 B lymphocytes count &lt;2,5%&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Treatment with Rituximab or cyclophosphamide in the last 6 months&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>3 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>24 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Gianmarco Ghiggeri, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini</name>
      <address>
        <city>Genova</city>
        <zip>16148</zip>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Italy</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>September 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>May 13, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>May 20, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">May 27, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>September 10, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>September 10, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 14, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Istituto Giannina Gaslini</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Gian Marco Ghiggeri MD, PhD</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>MD, director of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>nephrotic syndrome treatment</keyword>
  <keyword>rituximab</keyword>
  <keyword>Mycophenolate Mofetil</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Nephrotic Syndrome</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Nephrosis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Syndrome</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Mycophenolic Acid</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Rituximab</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Yes</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>The completed study will be summarized in a final report that accurately and completely presents the study objectives, methods, results, limitations of the study, and interpretation of findings.&#xD;
The first publication will be an in extenso publication of the results of the validation of the project.&#xD;
The Authors of this study protocol will inform the contributing investigators in advance about any plans to publish or present data from this randomized controlled clinical trial. Any publications and presentations of the results (abstract in journals or newspapers, oral presentations, etc.), either in whole or in part, by Investigators or their representatives will require pre-submission review by the Authors of this study protocol.</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04402580
org study id: RTX4
nct id: NCT04402580
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are emerging as the steroid-sparing therapy of choice for
      nephrotic syndrome.

      This Randomized Clinical Trial seeks to evaluate whether Rituximab biosimilar maintains
      drug-free disease remission in patientswith steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome for 12-24
      months and verify its superiority vs. mycophenolate mofetil, the reference standard therapy.
      The investigators will compare the risk of relapse to test this hypothesis (primary outcome).
      Secondary objectives will include assessing short- and long-term side-effects and developing
      specific biomarkers of sensitivity to therapy. Patients will be recruited, treated and
      followed at IRCCS G Gaslini and IRCCS Bambino Gesù where laboratory studies will be performed
      at in-site facilities
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia
      associated with dyslipidemia and hypercoagulability. Oral corticosteroids are the cornerstone
      of therapy and induce disease remission in approximately 90% of cases. However, up to 85% of
      patients relapse and many develop steroid dependence (SDNS), requiring prolonged dose of
      steroids to maintain remission. Clinical practice guidelines (KDIGO) suggest using low-dose
      prednisone to maintain remission in SDNS and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) or calcineurin
      inhibitors (CNI) as corticosteroid-sparing agents for children who develop steroid adverse
      effects. Given the toxicity of all these drugs (steroids, CNI and MMF), there is a need to
      investigate alternative options. Recent evidence supports the use of chimeric anti-CD20
      monoclonal antibodies in simple SDNS (Rituximab, RTX).

      The RTX4 trial is an open-label, two-parallel-arm, controlled and randomized clinical trial
      testing the superiority of RTX over MMF in maintaining steroid free disease remission in
      patients with SDNS.

      Eligible participants are children and young adults (age between 3 and 24 years) with
      nephrotic syndrome who are dependent on prednisone 0.3-1mg/Kg/day and have received
      prednisone for at least six months before enrolment. Previous treatment with MMF will be
      allowed. All participants will enter a 45 days run-in period, during which children treated
      with steroids alone will start MMF 1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally in 2 daily doses and will taper
      steroids after 15 days by 0.3 mg/kg per week until complete withdrawal. Patients already
      receiving MMF alone will continue the treatment. During the same period, instruction on urine
      collection and dipstick readings will be carefully reviewed and compliance assessed. After
      run-in period, children will be randomized to either the intervention arm (Rituximab,
      375mg/m2) or the comparator arm (continuing or starting MMF). In the intervention arm, 1
      month after infusion MMF will be decreased by 50% and withdrawn within 2 additional weeks,
      whereas MMF will be maintained in the comparator. All patients will be followed for up to 24
      months. In case of relapses during this period (see outcome section for definition) patients
      will be treated with oral prednisone (60 mg/sqm day). Following remission, steroids will be
      maintained at the initial dose for 7 days and then tapered off by 0.3 mg/kg per week until
      complete withdrawal in patients of the MMF arm. Patients of the intervention arm will instead
      be treated with another infusion of RTX (same dose) immediately following steroid-induced
      remission. After infusion of RTX, steroids will be maintained at the initial dose for 7 days
      and then tapered off by 0.3 mg/kg per week until complete withdrawal. In this way relapsed
      patients in both arms will receive the same cumulative dose of prednisone. In case following
      relapse of proteinuria patients fail to respond to prednisone (they will terminate the study
      and be considered as treatment failure). The study allows drop-in from one arm to the other
      after 3 relapses (i.e., investigators will be allowed to use RTX in the comparator arm and
      vice versa MMF in intervention arm). The economic balance will be calculated on the basis of
      RTX doses needed to maintain remittance.

      All patients will be followed for 24 months. In person visits will occure at enrollment, at
      T0 (infusion), after 1 month and every 3/6 months later.

      The investigators are going to enroll 160 patients.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: The RTX4 trial is an open-label, two-parallel-arm, controlled and randomized clinical trial testing the superiority of RTX over MMF in maintaining steroid free disease remission in patients with SDNS
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Comparison between RTX and MMF, considering number of partecipants and relative relapses in the two cohorts
time frame: 12-24 months
description: The first expected result of the project is the demonstration that a single infusion of RTX is more likely than MMF to maintain remission of NS for 12-24 months in children with primary SDNS. In order to evaluate the remission, all the partecipats will document their proteinuria, relapse is defined by uPCR ≥2000 mg/g (≥ 200 mg/mmol) or > 3+ protein on urine dipstick for 3 consecutive days (KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis, Kidney International Supplement, 2012 2, 163-171) and complete remission is defined by uPCR <200 mg/g (<20 mg/mmol) or o1+ of protein on urine dipstick for 3 consecutive days (KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis, Kidney International Supplement, 2012 2, 163-171).
measure: RTX safety by evaluation and documentation of side effects
time frame: 36 months
description: A second result of the study will be based on the side-effects that RTX may induce: the investigators will record and measure frequency and severity of any treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0
measure: Biomarkers of response to RTX and evaluation of immune competence in patients treated with RTX vs. patients treated with MMF
time frame: 36 months
description: A third expected result is the identification of biomarkers of response to RTX and evaluation of immune competence in patients treated with RTX vs. patients treated with MMF. Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) will be characterized by flow cytometry. Samples for cell analysis will be obtained at the start of run-in (-45 days), at time 0 and after 3, 12 and 24 months; the same analysis will be performed in case of relapse. In parallel, total IgG, IgA and IgM levels will be assessed to evaluate the effect of B cell depletion on antibody production.
arm group label: Rituximab biosimilar
arm group type: Experimental
description: Drug Name: Rituximab biosimilar monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody
Why: Anti-body/antigen interaction results in cell apoptosis and reduced CD20 positive cell related activities (of note CD20 is mostly represented on B cells but also in Th17 cells)
How: RTX IV: for dosage between 100 and 250 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 100 ml of normal saline and administered at 2 ml/h for the first 30'; 3 ml/h for the second 30'; 6 ml/h for the third 30'; 15 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 260 and 500 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 250 ml of normal saline and administered at 6 ml/h for the first 30'; 9 ml/h for the second 30'; 18 ml/h for the third 30'; 36 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 510 and 1000 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 500 ml of normal saline and administered at 9 ml/h for the first 30'; thereafter, the infusion rate can be doubled every 30 minutes up to a maximum of 72 ml/h.
Where: in Hospital
When and how much: once; diluted in 1000 ml of normal saline.
arm group label: Mycophenolate Mofetil
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Drug Name: Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)
Why: selective and reversible inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase with inhibition that particularly affects lymphocytes since they rely almost exclusively de novo purine synthesis
Procedures: MMF 1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally divided in 2 daily doses
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Rituximab Biosimilar
description: for dosage between 100 and 250 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 100 ml of normal saline and administered at 2 ml/h for the first 30'; 3 ml/h for the second 30'; 6 ml/h for the third 30'; 15 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 260 and 500 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 250 ml of normal saline and administered at 6 ml/h for the first 30'; 9 ml/h for the second 30'; 18 ml/h for the third 30'; 36 ml/h until the end. For dosage between 510 and 1000 mg Rituximab will be diluted in 500 ml of normal saline and administered at 9 ml/h for the first 30'; thereafter, the infusion rate can be doubled every 30 minutes up to a maximum of 72 ml/h.
arm group label: Rituximab biosimilar
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Mycophenolate Mofetil
description: 1,200 mg/1,73 sqm orally divided in 2 daily doses
arm group label: Mycophenolate Mofetil
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 3 Years
maximum age: 24 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Gianmarco Ghiggeri, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini
facility: 
country: Italy
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Istituto Giannina Gaslini
investigator full name: Gian Marco Ghiggeri MD, PhD
investigator title: MD, director of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit
mesh term: Nephrotic Syndrome
mesh term: Nephrosis
mesh term: Syndrome
mesh term: Mycophenolic Acid
mesh term: Rituximab
sharing ipd: Yes
ipd description: The completed study will be summarized in a final report that accurately and completely presents the study objectives, methods, results, limitations of the study, and interpretation of findings.
The first publication will be an in extenso publication of the results of the validation of the project.
The Authors of this study protocol will inform the contributing investigators in advance about any plans to publish or present data from this randomized controlled clinical trial. Any publications and presentations of the results (abstract in journals or newspapers, oral presentations, etc.), either in whole or in part, by Investigators or their representatives will require pre-submission review by the Authors of this study protocol.