<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04431362</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>261210</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04431362</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Effects of Music Listening on Mood in an Inpatient Rehabilitation</brief_title>
  <official_title>A Single Case Experimental Design Study Exploring the Effect of Music in an Inpatient Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Setting</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>King's College Hospital NHS Trust</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>King's College London</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>King's College Hospital NHS Trust</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The aim is to examine whether self-selected music can improve mood (as well as cognitive&#xD;
      function) in stroke patients at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. Additionally, the&#xD;
      feasibility of such an intervention will be assessed.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Hypotheses:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  The current intervention will be found to have a high feasibility.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Stroke patients will exhibit improved mood during the music listening intervention phase&#xD;
           compared to their baseline phase.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patients will show improvements in engagement in therapy if non-compliance was a&#xD;
           previous issue (as demonstrated by therapist feedback regarding attendance of therapy&#xD;
           sessions).&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patients will experience improved cognitive (memory) function (i.e. immediate and&#xD;
           delayed free recall) during the intervention phase compared to baseline.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability in the world. Research has shown that in&#xD;
      the aftermath of a stroke, patients continue to experience various impairments even years&#xD;
      after the stroke. For example, research has shown that stroke survivors continue to&#xD;
      experience both cognitive impairments (e.g. executive dysfunction) and low mood (e.g.&#xD;
      depression) even after more than 5 years since the stroke has passed. A further study was&#xD;
      able to link low mood with reduced engagement in therapy, which has been found to lead&#xD;
      patients to experience less benefits from the given therapy.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Due to the lack of supporting evidence for pharmacological and psychological treatments,&#xD;
      music intervention was introduced with positive results being reported in regards to&#xD;
      patients' mood and cognitive abilities. For example, one study found that stroke patients who&#xD;
      listened to self-selected music were likely to experience a significant improvement in their&#xD;
      mood and cognitive abilities when compared to another group who listened to audiobooks.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The current study aims to build on previous research by utilising a novel study design that&#xD;
      has not been previously used to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of music&#xD;
      intervention on the mood of patients located at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. The chosen&#xD;
      design, single-case experimental design, allows researchers to take into account the&#xD;
      individual differences of the patients, which cannot be considered when using an experimental&#xD;
      design which needs a group of similar characteristics. In addition, by using a non-concurrent&#xD;
      multiple baseline design, the researchers will be able to show that any changes occurring to&#xD;
      the target behaviour (mood) will be due to the intervention itself rather than any other&#xD;
      extraneous variables found in the environment, as three different time lengths will be used&#xD;
      for the baseline phase (5, 10, and 15 days). The aim of the study is to provide data that&#xD;
      support the feasibility and effectiveness of music intervention as an inexpensive and simple&#xD;
      method for improving mood in stroke patients at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. It also&#xD;
      aims to show similar effectiveness in increasing cognitive impairment and therapy engagement.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Not yet recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Anticipated">March 1, 2021</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 2022</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">March 2022</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>Participants first complete a baseline phase before starting the intervention phase.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    <masking_description>The measures will be completed by the clinical psychologist while the diary and checklist will be done by the patients with assistance from the research student or activity coordinators.</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in the CORE-10 mood screen</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>questionnaire measure of distress, functioning and risk</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in self-report diary</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>will assess feasibility by examining how frequently the patients are listening to music</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in self-report by therapists</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Will help to assess patients' engagement in therapy before during and after intervention</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Will help to explore changes in cognition before and after the intervention. Minimum value=0, maximum value=30, better scores mean better outcome.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in The Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust Memory and Information Processing Battery (examines memory and information processing. Only the story recall subcategory will be used)</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Will help to explore changes in cognition (memory) before and after the intervention Minimum value=0, maximum value=60. Better scores mean better outcome</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in the Mood Likert Scale</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Ad hoc scale made for the study for participants to rate their mood. It is a Likert scale (0 is very relaxed, 10 is very stressed). Higher score thus mean worse outcome.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">5</enrollment>
  <condition>Stroke</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Baseline</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants will not listen to music for 5 to 15 days based on the baseline duration they were assigned.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Intervention</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants will listen to music for 3 weeks.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Self-selected music</intervention_name>
    <description>Participants will be given iPods and headphones to listen to their music</description>
    <arm_group_label>Intervention</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  18 years or older&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Good grasp of the English Language&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients at the Frank Cooksey Rehabilitation Unit or transferring to the unit from an&#xD;
             acute stroke ward&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Recent diagnosis of stroke using MRI or CT scans&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Low mood; will be confirmed by the clinical psychologist on the ward using mood&#xD;
             screens as appropriate&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:- Severe or global aphasia, which interferes with their ability to&#xD;
        understand instructions&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have a diagnosis of dementia&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients who lack the capacity to consent&#xD;
&#xD;
        The study will also aim to exclude patients who have severe cognitive impairment, as&#xD;
        assessed by the occupational therapists and clinical psychologist on the ward using screens&#xD;
        or functional assessment as appropriate.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>85 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Giulia Bellesi, DClinPsy</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>King's College Hospital NHS Trust</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Giulia Bellesi, DClinPsy</last_name>
    <phone>01689866391</phone>
    <email>giulia.bellesi@nhs.net</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.kingshealthpartners.org/latest/629-neurorehabilitation-beds-open</url>
    <description>Neuro-rehabilitation beds open</description>
  </link>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/consent-to-treatment/capacity/</url>
    <description>Assessing capacity</description>
  </link>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.kch.nhs.uk/service/a-z/frank-cooksey</url>
    <description>Frank Cooksey Rehabilitation Unit</description>
  </link>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/stroke</url>
    <description>Stroke</description>
  </link>
  <reference>
    <citation>Adamson J, Beswick A, Ebrahim S. Is stroke the most common cause of disability? J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004 Jul-Aug;13(4):171-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2004.06.003.</citation>
    <PMID>17903971</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dallery J, Cassidy RN, Raiff BR. Single-case experimental designs to evaluate novel technology-based health interventions. J Med Internet Res. 2013 Feb 8;15(2):e22. doi: 10.2196/jmir.2227.</citation>
    <PMID>23399668</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hammond MF, O'Keeffe ST, Barer DH. Development and validation of a brief observer-rated screening scale for depression in elderly medical patients. Age Ageing. 2000 Nov;29(6):511-5. doi: 10.1093/ageing/29.6.511.</citation>
    <PMID>11191243</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Koorenhof L, Baxendale S, Smith N, Thompson P. Memory rehabilitation and brain training for surgical temporal lobe epilepsy patients: a preliminary report. Seizure. 2012 Apr;21(3):178-82. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.12.001. Epub 2011 Dec 23.</citation>
    <PMID>22197200</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Krasny-Pacini A, Evans J. Single-case experimental designs to assess intervention effectiveness in rehabilitation: A practical guide. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2018 May;61(3):164-179. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 15.</citation>
    <PMID>29253607</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ouellet MC, Morin CM. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia associated with traumatic brain injury: a single-case experimental design. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 Dec;88(12):1581-92. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.006.</citation>
    <PMID>18047872</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tate RL, Perdices M, Rosenkoetter U, Shadish W, Vohra S, Barlow DH, Horner R, Kazdin A, Kratochwill T, McDonald S, Sampson M, Shamseer L, Togher L, Albin R, Backman C, Douglas J, Evans JJ, Gast D, Manolov R, Mitchell G, Nickels L, Nikles J, Ownsworth T, Rose M, Schmid CH, Wilson B. The Single-Case Reporting Guideline In BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 Statement. Aphasiology. 2016 Jul 2;30(7):862-876. doi: 10.1080/02687038.2016.1178022. Epub 2016 Apr 29.</citation>
    <PMID>27279674</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tunnard C, Wilson BA. Comparison of neuropsychological rehabilitation techniques for unilateral neglect: an ABACADAEAF single-case experimental design. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2014;24(3-4):382-99. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2013.872041. Epub 2014 Jan 13.</citation>
    <PMID>24410191</PMID>
  </reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Ayerbe L, Ayis S, Wolfe CD, Rudd AG. Natural history, predictors and outcomes of depression after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;202(1):14-21. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.111.107664.</citation>
    <PMID>23284148</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Baylan S, McGinlay M, MacDonald M, Easto J, Cullen B, Haig C, Mercer SW, Murray H, Quinn TJ, Stott D, Broomfield NM, Stiles C, Evans JJ. Participants' experiences of music, mindful music, and audiobook listening interventions for people recovering from stroke. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 May 4. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13618. Online ahead of print.</citation>
    <PMID>29727009</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Baylan S, Swann-Price R, Peryer G, Quinn T. The effects of music listening interventions on cognition and mood post-stroke: a systematic review. Expert Rev Neurother. 2016 Nov;16(11):1241-1249. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1227241. Epub 2016 Aug 29.</citation>
    <PMID>27548875</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Cumming TB, Churilov L, Linden T, Bernhardt J. Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination are both valid cognitive tools in stroke. Acta Neurol Scand. 2013 Aug;128(2):122-9. doi: 10.1111/ane.12084. Epub 2013 Feb 21.</citation>
    <PMID>23425001</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Maclean N, Pound P, Wolfe C, Rudd A. Qualitative analysis of stroke patients' motivation for rehabilitation. BMJ. 2000 Oct 28;321(7268):1051-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1051.</citation>
    <PMID>11053175</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>McKevitt C, Fudge N, Redfern J, Sheldenkar A, Crichton S, Rudd AR, Forster A, Young J, Nazareth I, Silver LE, Rothwell PM, Wolfe CD. Self-reported long-term needs after stroke. Stroke. 2011 May;42(5):1398-403. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.598839. Epub 2011 Mar 24.</citation>
    <PMID>21441153</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Sarkamo T, Tervaniemi M, Laitinen S, Forsblom A, Soinila S, Mikkonen M, Autti T, Silvennoinen HM, Erkkila J, Laine M, Peretz I, Hietanen M. Music listening enhances cognitive recovery and mood after middle cerebral artery stroke. Brain. 2008 Mar;131(Pt 3):866-76. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn013.</citation>
    <PMID>18287122</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Skidmore ER, Whyte EM, Holm MB, Becker JT, Butters MA, Dew MA, Munin MC, Lenze EJ. Cognitive and affective predictors of rehabilitation participation after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Feb;91(2):203-7. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.10.026.</citation>
    <PMID>20159122</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>February 2021</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>April 26, 2019</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>June 12, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 16, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>February 23, 2021</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>February 23, 2021</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">February 24, 2021</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04431362
org study id: 261210
nct id: NCT04431362
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The aim is to examine whether self-selected music can improve mood (as well as cognitive
      function) in stroke patients at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. Additionally, the
      feasibility of such an intervention will be assessed.

      Hypotheses:

        -  The current intervention will be found to have a high feasibility.

        -  Stroke patients will exhibit improved mood during the music listening intervention phase
           compared to their baseline phase.

        -  Patients will show improvements in engagement in therapy if non-compliance was a
           previous issue (as demonstrated by therapist feedback regarding attendance of therapy
           sessions).

        -  Patients will experience improved cognitive (memory) function (i.e. immediate and
           delayed free recall) during the intervention phase compared to baseline.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability in the world. Research has shown that in
      the aftermath of a stroke, patients continue to experience various impairments even years
      after the stroke. For example, research has shown that stroke survivors continue to
      experience both cognitive impairments (e.g. executive dysfunction) and low mood (e.g.
      depression) even after more than 5 years since the stroke has passed. A further study was
      able to link low mood with reduced engagement in therapy, which has been found to lead
      patients to experience less benefits from the given therapy.

      Due to the lack of supporting evidence for pharmacological and psychological treatments,
      music intervention was introduced with positive results being reported in regards to
      patients' mood and cognitive abilities. For example, one study found that stroke patients who
      listened to self-selected music were likely to experience a significant improvement in their
      mood and cognitive abilities when compared to another group who listened to audiobooks.

      The current study aims to build on previous research by utilising a novel study design that
      has not been previously used to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of music
      intervention on the mood of patients located at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. The chosen
      design, single-case experimental design, allows researchers to take into account the
      individual differences of the patients, which cannot be considered when using an experimental
      design which needs a group of similar characteristics. In addition, by using a non-concurrent
      multiple baseline design, the researchers will be able to show that any changes occurring to
      the target behaviour (mood) will be due to the intervention itself rather than any other
      extraneous variables found in the environment, as three different time lengths will be used
      for the baseline phase (5, 10, and 15 days). The aim of the study is to provide data that
      support the feasibility and effectiveness of music intervention as an inexpensive and simple
      method for improving mood in stroke patients at an inpatient rehabilitation unit. It also
      aims to show similar effectiveness in increasing cognitive impairment and therapy engagement.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: Participants first complete a baseline phase before starting the intervention phase.
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
masking description: The measures will be completed by the clinical psychologist while the diary and checklist will be done by the patients with assistance from the research student or activity coordinators.
measure: Change in the CORE-10 mood screen
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: questionnaire measure of distress, functioning and risk
measure: Change in self-report diary
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: will assess feasibility by examining how frequently the patients are listening to music
measure: Change in self-report by therapists
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: Will help to assess patients' engagement in therapy before during and after intervention
measure: Change in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: Will help to explore changes in cognition before and after the intervention. Minimum value=0, maximum value=30, better scores mean better outcome.
measure: Change in The Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust Memory and Information Processing Battery (examines memory and information processing. Only the story recall subcategory will be used)
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: Will help to explore changes in cognition (memory) before and after the intervention Minimum value=0, maximum value=60. Better scores mean better outcome
measure: Change in the Mood Likert Scale
time frame: up to 6 weeks
description: Ad hoc scale made for the study for participants to rate their mood. It is a Likert scale (0 is very relaxed, 10 is very stressed). Higher score thus mean worse outcome.
arm group label: Baseline
arm group type: No Intervention
description: Participants will not listen to music for 5 to 15 days based on the baseline duration they were assigned.
arm group label: Intervention
arm group type: Experimental
description: Participants will listen to music for 3 weeks.
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Self-selected music
description: Participants will be given iPods and headphones to listen to their music
arm group label: Intervention
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 85 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Giulia Bellesi, DClinPsy
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: King's College Hospital NHS Trust
last name: Giulia Bellesi, DClinPsy
phone: 01689866391
email: giulia.bellesi@nhs.net
url: http://www.kingshealthpartners.org/latest/629-neurorehabilitation-beds-open
description: Neuro-rehabilitation beds open
url: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/consent-to-treatment/capacity/
description: Assessing capacity
url: http://www.kch.nhs.uk/service/a-z/frank-cooksey
description: Frank Cooksey Rehabilitation Unit
url: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/stroke
description: Stroke
citation: Adamson J, Beswick A, Ebrahim S. Is stroke the most common cause of disability? J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004 Jul-Aug;13(4):171-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2004.06.003.
PMID: 17903971
citation: Dallery J, Cassidy RN, Raiff BR. Single-case experimental designs to evaluate novel technology-based health interventions. J Med Internet Res. 2013 Feb 8;15(2):e22. doi: 10.2196/jmir.2227.
PMID: 23399668
citation: Hammond MF, O'Keeffe ST, Barer DH. Development and validation of a brief observer-rated screening scale for depression in elderly medical patients. Age Ageing. 2000 Nov;29(6):511-5. doi: 10.1093/ageing/29.6.511.
PMID: 11191243
citation: Koorenhof L, Baxendale S, Smith N, Thompson P. Memory rehabilitation and brain training for surgical temporal lobe epilepsy patients: a preliminary report. Seizure. 2012 Apr;21(3):178-82. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.12.001. Epub 2011 Dec 23.
PMID: 22197200
citation: Krasny-Pacini A, Evans J. Single-case experimental designs to assess intervention effectiveness in rehabilitation: A practical guide. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2018 May;61(3):164-179. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
PMID: 29253607
citation: Ouellet MC, Morin CM. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia associated with traumatic brain injury: a single-case experimental design. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 Dec;88(12):1581-92. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.006.
PMID: 18047872
citation: Tate RL, Perdices M, Rosenkoetter U, Shadish W, Vohra S, Barlow DH, Horner R, Kazdin A, Kratochwill T, McDonald S, Sampson M, Shamseer L, Togher L, Albin R, Backman C, Douglas J, Evans JJ, Gast D, Manolov R, Mitchell G, Nickels L, Nikles J, Ownsworth T, Rose M, Schmid CH, Wilson B. The Single-Case Reporting Guideline In BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 Statement. Aphasiology. 2016 Jul 2;30(7):862-876. doi: 10.1080/02687038.2016.1178022. Epub 2016 Apr 29.
PMID: 27279674
citation: Tunnard C, Wilson BA. Comparison of neuropsychological rehabilitation techniques for unilateral neglect: an ABACADAEAF single-case experimental design. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2014;24(3-4):382-99. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2013.872041. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
PMID: 24410191
citation: Ayerbe L, Ayis S, Wolfe CD, Rudd AG. Natural history, predictors and outcomes of depression after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;202(1):14-21. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.111.107664.
PMID: 23284148
citation: Baylan S, McGinlay M, MacDonald M, Easto J, Cullen B, Haig C, Mercer SW, Murray H, Quinn TJ, Stott D, Broomfield NM, Stiles C, Evans JJ. Participants' experiences of music, mindful music, and audiobook listening interventions for people recovering from stroke. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 May 4. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13618. Online ahead of print.
PMID: 29727009
citation: Baylan S, Swann-Price R, Peryer G, Quinn T. The effects of music listening interventions on cognition and mood post-stroke: a systematic review. Expert Rev Neurother. 2016 Nov;16(11):1241-1249. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1227241. Epub 2016 Aug 29.
PMID: 27548875
citation: Cumming TB, Churilov L, Linden T, Bernhardt J. Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination are both valid cognitive tools in stroke. Acta Neurol Scand. 2013 Aug;128(2):122-9. doi: 10.1111/ane.12084. Epub 2013 Feb 21.
PMID: 23425001
citation: Maclean N, Pound P, Wolfe C, Rudd A. Qualitative analysis of stroke patients' motivation for rehabilitation. BMJ. 2000 Oct 28;321(7268):1051-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1051.
PMID: 11053175
citation: McKevitt C, Fudge N, Redfern J, Sheldenkar A, Crichton S, Rudd AR, Forster A, Young J, Nazareth I, Silver LE, Rothwell PM, Wolfe CD. Self-reported long-term needs after stroke. Stroke. 2011 May;42(5):1398-403. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.598839. Epub 2011 Mar 24.
PMID: 21441153
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responsible party type: Sponsor
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