<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04495699</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>0000000</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04495699</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Asymptomatic Renal Calculi in Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections</brief_title>
  <official_title>Treatment of Asymptomatic Renal Calculi in Recurrent UTIs: a Prospective Observational Cohort Study</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Vanderbilt University Medical Center</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of British Columbia</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of California, San Diego</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Mayo Clinic</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Massachusetts General Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Columbia University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Vanderbilt University Medical Center</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      This study will assess patients who have recurrent urinary tract infections and kidney stones&#xD;
      which are not blocking the kidney or causing other problems. Currently, we don't know if&#xD;
      taking out these stones will improve recurrent urinary tract infections or not. Patients will&#xD;
      make a decision with their surgeon about removing or monitoring their stone(s). Whether or&#xD;
      not their infections continue with surgery or monitoring will be noted, and this information&#xD;
      may help to inform future treatment decisions. The purpose of this study is to assess if&#xD;
      treatment of these asymptomatic stones affects the rate of recurrent urinary tract&#xD;
      infections.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and have a large burden of disease at the&#xD;
      population level. This study will assess the effectiveness of removing kidney stones in&#xD;
      patients who have recurrent UTIs.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The role of upper urinary tract calculi in UTIs is not well understood. Although there is&#xD;
      some evidence that some metabolic stones, such as calcium oxalate, can harbor bacteria, it is&#xD;
      not known if this is clinically significant or if these contribute to clinical infections.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study aims to advance the level of evidence in the treatment of non-obstructing&#xD;
      urolithiasis in the context of recurrent UTIs.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The aim of this study is to:&#xD;
&#xD;
      1. Assess the effects of treatment of non-obstructing upper urinary tract calculi on&#xD;
      recurrent UTIs in the first prospective observational trial in this area&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patients who meet inclusion criteria will make a decision about treating their asymptomatic&#xD;
      stones or not with their surgeon as per usual clinical care. The primary outcome will be the&#xD;
      rate of recurrent urinary tract infections for patients, comparing patients who did and did&#xD;
      not have their stones treated.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patient data is securely stored in de-identified fashion in REDCAP database, following all&#xD;
      the secure protocols of the institutions involved. The recruitment goal is 80 patients based&#xD;
      on power calculations to detect the effect size. Statistical analysis will be performed&#xD;
      between the two groups, with t-test used for normally distributed numerical data and fisher's&#xD;
      exact or chi-square tests for categorical data.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 9, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">June 2025</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">May 2025</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational [Patient Registry]</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Cohort</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Prospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <target_duration>12 Months</target_duration>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Recurrent urinary tract infections</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>• Number of UTIs, defined as positive urine culture (&gt;10^5 CFU/mL of a specific organism) with symptoms. If having had surgical intervention for the stones, we will count a UTI during &gt;30days and &lt;1year after intervention so that it is not attributed to the intervention</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to first UTI</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Time from first visit to first UTI, defined as above</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Pyelonephritis/urosepsis</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Incidence of pyelonephritis/urosepsis</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Incidence of complications from intervention within 30 days</measure>
    <time_frame>30 days</time_frame>
    <description>Clavien-Dindo complications, ER visits, readmissions, infections within 30 days, non-elective repeat interventions (eg for obstructing fragments)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Incidence of further intervention for stones</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>any further stone interventions required</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Stone analysis correlation with rUTI</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Correlation between primary outcome and stone analysis</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Stone free vs not stone free correlation with rUTI</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Correlation between stone free status after intervention and recurrent UTI</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Correlation of selected demographic factors with rUTI</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Correlation between baseline demographic parameters and recurrent UTIs (including include age, sex, bacteria type, previous sequelae from UTIs, previous sequelae from stones, comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and immunosuppression, creatinine, total stone burden, location of stones, stone composition, stone culture, post-intervention stone free rate, and 24-h urine parameters if available)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number free from recurrent UTIs</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Number patients free of recurrent UTIs at 1 year, defined as 3 positive urine cultures (&gt;105 CFU/mL of a specific organism) with symptoms in 1 year, or 2 in 6 months. If having had surgical intervention for the stones, we will count a UTI during &gt;30days and &lt;1year after intervention so that it is not attributed to the intervention</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number free from any UTI</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Number of patients free from any UTI at one year, as defined above</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Crossover from observation to intervention</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Patients on observation and decide to seek treatment after enrollment</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>2</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">80</enrollment>
  <condition>Urinary Tract Infections</condition>
  <condition>Kidney Stone</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Observation</arm_group_label>
    <description>Patients who elect to have observation of their asymptomatic stones as part of usual care will be followed. Note that there is no randomization, the decision to treat or not treat a stone is made in the usual clinical fashion by the patient in consultation with their surgeon.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Stone treated</arm_group_label>
    <description>Patients who elect to have intervention of their asymptomatic stones as part of usual care will be followed. Note that there is no randomization, the decision to treat or not treat a stone is made in the usual clinical fashion by the patient in consultation with their surgeon.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>None - observational</intervention_name>
    <description>If the patient elects to have their stone treated, it will be treated in the usual most clinically appropriate fashion (Shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy). All types of treatment will be analyzed together.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Stone treated</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        Patients with recurrent UTIs and asymptomatic renal calculi.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria (all of the following):&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  recurrent UTIs, defined as 3 positive urine cultures of specific organisms with&#xD;
             symptoms within 12 months (or 2 positive cultures with symptoms within 6 months) prior&#xD;
             to clinical assessment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  non-obstructing renal stone(s) on imaging within 6 months of initial visit&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  age &lt; 18 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  pregnancy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  hydronephrosis or evidence of obstruction&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  presence of a foreign body in urinary tract (e.g. Foley, ureteral stent, nephrostomy&#xD;
             tube) at the time of UTI diagnosis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  concurrent bladder calculi&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Urinary diversion or previous surgery involving segments of bowel interposed into the&#xD;
             urinary tract (ileal conduit, ileal ureter etc.)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ryan Hsi, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Vanderbilt University Medical Center</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Ryan Hsi, MD</last_name>
    <phone>6153432036</phone>
    <email>ryan.hsi@vumc.org</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Mayo Clinic Arizona</name>
      <address>
        <city>Phoenix</city>
        <state>Arizona</state>
        <zip>85054</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Karen Stern, MD</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California San Diego</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Diego</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>92093</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Roger Sur</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Massachusetts General Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Boston</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>02114</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Not yet recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Brian Eisner</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Columbia University</name>
      <address>
        <city>New York</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>10027</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Not yet recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Kelly Healy, MD</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Vanderbilt University Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Nashville</city>
        <state>Tennessee</state>
        <zip>37232</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Ryan Hsi</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Vancouver General Hospital/University of British Columbia</name>
      <address>
        <city>Vancouver</city>
        <state>British Columbia</state>
        <zip>V6T1Z4</zip>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Not yet recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Ben Chew, MD</last_name>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Canada</country>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Anger J, Lee U, Ackerman AL, Chou R, Chughtai B, Clemens JQ, Hickling D, Kapoor A, Kenton KS, Kaufman MR, Rondanina MA, Stapleton A, Stothers L, Chai TC. Recurrent Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: AUA/CUA/SUFU Guideline. J Urol. 2019 Aug;202(2):282-289. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000296. Epub 2019 Jul 8.</citation>
    <PMID>31042112</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Agarwal DK, Krambeck AE, Sharma V, Maldonado FJ, Westerman ME, Knoedler JJ, Rivera ME. Treatment of non-obstructive, non-struvite urolithiasis is effective in treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. World J Urol. 2020 Aug;38(8):2029-2033. doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02977-3. Epub 2019 Oct 23.</citation>
    <PMID>31646382</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Assimos D, Krambeck A, Miller NL, Monga M, Murad MH, Nelson CP, Pace KT, Pais VM Jr, Pearle MS, Preminger GM, Razvi H, Shah O, Matlaga BR. Surgical Management of Stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART I. J Urol. 2016 Oct;196(4):1153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.05.090. Epub 2016 May 27.</citation>
    <PMID>27238616</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Barr-Beare E, Saxena V, Hilt EE, Thomas-White K, Schober M, Li B, Becknell B, Hains DS, Wolfe AJ, Schwaderer AL. The Interaction between Enterobacteriaceae and Calcium Oxalate Deposits. PLoS One. 2015 Oct 8;10(10):e0139575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139575. eCollection 2015.</citation>
    <PMID>26448465</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Cai T, Mazzoli S, Mondaini N, Meacci F, Nesi G, D'Elia C, Malossini G, Boddi V, Bartoletti R. The role of asymptomatic bacteriuria in young women with recurrent urinary tract infections: to treat or not to treat? Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Sep;55(6):771-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis534. Epub 2012 Jun 7.</citation>
    <PMID>22677710</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Flannigan RK, Battison A, De S, Humphreys MR, Bader M, Lellig E, Monga M, Chew BH, Lange D. Evaluating factors that dictate struvite stone composition: A multi-institutional clinical experience from the EDGE Research Consortium. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018 Apr;12(4):131-136. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.4804. Epub 2017 Dec 22.</citation>
    <PMID>29319486</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Foxman B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. Dis Mon. 2003 Feb;49(2):53-70. doi: 10.1067/mda.2003.7.</citation>
    <PMID>12601337</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Geerlings SE. Clinical Presentations and Epidemiology of Urinary Tract Infections. Microbiol Spectr. 2016 Oct;4(5). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0002-2012.</citation>
    <PMID>27780014</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Griebling TL. Urologic diseases in america project: trends in resource use for urinary tract infections in men. J Urol. 2005 Apr;173(4):1288-94. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000155595.98120.8e.</citation>
    <PMID>15758784</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Omar M, Abdulwahab-Ahmed A, Chaparala H, Monga M. Does Stone Removal Help Patients with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections? J Urol. 2015 Oct;194(4):997-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.04.096. Epub 2015 Apr 30.</citation>
    <PMID>25936865</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>July 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 28, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 28, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 3, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 20, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 20, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">July 24, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Vanderbilt University Medical Center</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Ryan Hsi</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Associate Professor, Department of Urology</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Urinary Tract Infection</keyword>
  <keyword>Kidney Stones</keyword>
  <keyword>Urolithiasis</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Infections</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Urinary Tract Infections</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Kidney Calculi</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Nephrolithiasis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Calculi</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04495699
org study id: 0000000
nct id: NCT04495699
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
This study will assess patients who have recurrent urinary tract infections and kidney stones
      which are not blocking the kidney or causing other problems. Currently, we don't know if
      taking out these stones will improve recurrent urinary tract infections or not. Patients will
      make a decision with their surgeon about removing or monitoring their stone(s). Whether or
      not their infections continue with surgery or monitoring will be noted, and this information
      may help to inform future treatment decisions. The purpose of this study is to assess if
      treatment of these asymptomatic stones affects the rate of recurrent urinary tract
      infections.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and have a large burden of disease at the
      population level. This study will assess the effectiveness of removing kidney stones in
      patients who have recurrent UTIs.

      The role of upper urinary tract calculi in UTIs is not well understood. Although there is
      some evidence that some metabolic stones, such as calcium oxalate, can harbor bacteria, it is
      not known if this is clinically significant or if these contribute to clinical infections.

      This study aims to advance the level of evidence in the treatment of non-obstructing
      urolithiasis in the context of recurrent UTIs.

      The aim of this study is to:

      1. Assess the effects of treatment of non-obstructing upper urinary tract calculi on
      recurrent UTIs in the first prospective observational trial in this area

      Patients who meet inclusion criteria will make a decision about treating their asymptomatic
      stones or not with their surgeon as per usual clinical care. The primary outcome will be the
      rate of recurrent urinary tract infections for patients, comparing patients who did and did
      not have their stones treated.

      Patient data is securely stored in de-identified fashion in REDCAP database, following all
      the secure protocols of the institutions involved. The recruitment goal is 80 patients based
      on power calculations to detect the effect size. Statistical analysis will be performed
      between the two groups, with t-test used for normally distributed numerical data and fisher's
      exact or chi-square tests for categorical data.
observational model: Cohort
time perspective: Prospective
measure: Recurrent urinary tract infections
time frame: 12 months
description: • Number of UTIs, defined as positive urine culture (>10^5 CFU/mL of a specific organism) with symptoms. If having had surgical intervention for the stones, we will count a UTI during >30days and <1year after intervention so that it is not attributed to the intervention
measure: Time to first UTI
time frame: up to 12 months
description: Time from first visit to first UTI, defined as above
measure: Pyelonephritis/urosepsis
time frame: up to 12 months
description: Incidence of pyelonephritis/urosepsis
measure: Incidence of complications from intervention within 30 days
time frame: 30 days
description: Clavien-Dindo complications, ER visits, readmissions, infections within 30 days, non-elective repeat interventions (eg for obstructing fragments)
measure: Incidence of further intervention for stones
time frame: 12 months
description: any further stone interventions required
measure: Stone analysis correlation with rUTI
time frame: 12 months
description: Correlation between primary outcome and stone analysis
measure: Stone free vs not stone free correlation with rUTI
time frame: 12 months
description: Correlation between stone free status after intervention and recurrent UTI
measure: Correlation of selected demographic factors with rUTI
time frame: 12 months
description: Correlation between baseline demographic parameters and recurrent UTIs (including include age, sex, bacteria type, previous sequelae from UTIs, previous sequelae from stones, comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and immunosuppression, creatinine, total stone burden, location of stones, stone composition, stone culture, post-intervention stone free rate, and 24-h urine parameters if available)
measure: Number free from recurrent UTIs
time frame: 12 months
description: Number patients free of recurrent UTIs at 1 year, defined as 3 positive urine cultures (>105 CFU/mL of a specific organism) with symptoms in 1 year, or 2 in 6 months. If having had surgical intervention for the stones, we will count a UTI during >30days and <1year after intervention so that it is not attributed to the intervention
measure: Number free from any UTI
time frame: 12 months
description: Number of patients free from any UTI at one year, as defined above
measure: Crossover from observation to intervention
time frame: 12 months
description: Patients on observation and decide to seek treatment after enrollment
arm group label: Observation
description: Patients who elect to have observation of their asymptomatic stones as part of usual care will be followed. Note that there is no randomization, the decision to treat or not treat a stone is made in the usual clinical fashion by the patient in consultation with their surgeon.
arm group label: Stone treated
description: Patients who elect to have intervention of their asymptomatic stones as part of usual care will be followed. Note that there is no randomization, the decision to treat or not treat a stone is made in the usual clinical fashion by the patient in consultation with their surgeon.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: None - observational
description: If the patient elects to have their stone treated, it will be treated in the usual most clinically appropriate fashion (Shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy). All types of treatment will be analyzed together.
arm group label: Stone treated
study pop: 
sampling method: Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Ryan Hsi, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
last name: Ryan Hsi, MD
phone: 6153432036
email: ryan.hsi@vumc.org
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Not yet recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Not yet recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Not yet recruiting
contact: 
country: Canada
country: United States
citation: Anger J, Lee U, Ackerman AL, Chou R, Chughtai B, Clemens JQ, Hickling D, Kapoor A, Kenton KS, Kaufman MR, Rondanina MA, Stapleton A, Stothers L, Chai TC. Recurrent Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: AUA/CUA/SUFU Guideline. J Urol. 2019 Aug;202(2):282-289. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000296. Epub 2019 Jul 8.
PMID: 31042112
citation: Agarwal DK, Krambeck AE, Sharma V, Maldonado FJ, Westerman ME, Knoedler JJ, Rivera ME. Treatment of non-obstructive, non-struvite urolithiasis is effective in treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. World J Urol. 2020 Aug;38(8):2029-2033. doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02977-3. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
PMID: 31646382
citation: Assimos D, Krambeck A, Miller NL, Monga M, Murad MH, Nelson CP, Pace KT, Pais VM Jr, Pearle MS, Preminger GM, Razvi H, Shah O, Matlaga BR. Surgical Management of Stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART I. J Urol. 2016 Oct;196(4):1153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.05.090. Epub 2016 May 27.
PMID: 27238616
citation: Barr-Beare E, Saxena V, Hilt EE, Thomas-White K, Schober M, Li B, Becknell B, Hains DS, Wolfe AJ, Schwaderer AL. The Interaction between Enterobacteriaceae and Calcium Oxalate Deposits. PLoS One. 2015 Oct 8;10(10):e0139575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139575. eCollection 2015.
PMID: 26448465
citation: Cai T, Mazzoli S, Mondaini N, Meacci F, Nesi G, D'Elia C, Malossini G, Boddi V, Bartoletti R. The role of asymptomatic bacteriuria in young women with recurrent urinary tract infections: to treat or not to treat? Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Sep;55(6):771-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis534. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
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PMID: 25936865
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
investigator full name: Ryan Hsi
investigator title: Associate Professor, Department of Urology
mesh term: Infections
mesh term: Urinary Tract Infections
mesh term: Kidney Calculi
mesh term: Nephrolithiasis
mesh term: Calculi
sharing ipd: No