<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04435080</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>2020.169.IRB1.037</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04435080</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Physical Rehabilitation in ICU in ARDS Patients With COVID-19</brief_title>
  <official_title>Physical Rehabilitation in Intensive Care Unit in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients With COVID-19</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Koç University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Koç University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of physical rehabilitation performed&#xD;
      in intensive care unit on the range of joint motions and muscle strength of survivors&#xD;
      following discharge from intensive care unit in patients with COVID-19. Secondary outcome is&#xD;
      to assess the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in intensive care unit and&#xD;
      in hospital, and mortality rates during intensive care unit stay and health related quality&#xD;
      of life following discharge in survivors.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Until April 14 patients were provided all the intensive care managements except for&#xD;
      rehabilitation and patients discharged before this time constituted the 'non-rehabilitation'&#xD;
      group (n=17). Patients discharged after April 14 were provided rehabilitation in addition to&#xD;
      usual intensive care unit care and constituted the study 'rehabilitation' group (n=18).&#xD;
&#xD;
      Passive range of motion exercises to each joint and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to&#xD;
      bilateral quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles were applied 6 days/week in the&#xD;
      'rehabilitation' group during intensive care unit stay.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome could develop muscle weakness associated&#xD;
      with impairment of physical function defined as intensive care unit acquired weakness. Early&#xD;
      rehabilitation is recommended to prevent complications including muscle weakness and joint&#xD;
      contractures, enhance weaning from mechanical ventilation, improve outcome, quality of life.&#xD;
&#xD;
      COVID-19 is an acute infection with a high risk of enormous cytokine storm exacerbating the&#xD;
      clinical condition in acute respiratory distress syndrome and is thought to further increase&#xD;
      the risk of muscle weakness.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Study participants were recruited among patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit at&#xD;
      Koc University Hospital. Standard care for these patients consisted of respiratory support,&#xD;
      intravenous fluid therapy, medical treatment including anticoagulation and sedation,&#xD;
      nutrition, change of position every 4 hours, and if needed, hemodynamic support. The&#xD;
      non-rehabilitation group patients discharged before April 14, 2020, were provided with this&#xD;
      standard care. The rehabilitation group patients that discharged after April 14, 2020, were&#xD;
      provided rehabilitation in addition to usual standard care. The rehabilitation program&#xD;
      consisted of a passive range of motion exercises for each joint of the extremities for 15&#xD;
      minutes/day, 6 days/week, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to bilateral quadriceps&#xD;
      and tibialis anterior muscles for 52 minutes/day, 6 days/week. The physiatrists evaluated the&#xD;
      patients. Exercises and electrical stimulation were applied daily by physiotherapists. The&#xD;
      physiatrist and anesthesiologist discussed the clinical status of the patients daily and the&#xD;
      physiatrist modified the rehabilitation program, if needed. Patients were enrolled in the&#xD;
      rehabilitation program if there is hemodynamical stability.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Information regarding demographic and clinical features, medications used, duration of&#xD;
      mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, and mortality&#xD;
      were obtained from the digital patient records in both groups.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Following discharge, patients were evaluated for range of joint motion, manual muscle&#xD;
      strength test, hand grip strength and Short form-36.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">March 15, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">June 11, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">June 11, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Cohort</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Retrospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Hand grip strength</measure>
    <time_frame>1 month after discharge from hospital</time_frame>
    <description>Hand grip strength is an indicator of overall muscle strength that predicts mortality in older patients. Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer according to the instructions of the American Society of Hand Therapists.Patients were seated placing their arms by their sides with the elbow flexed to 90°, the forearm mid-prone, and the wrist in neutral position. Patients were asked to grip the dynamometer with maximal effort using standard verbal encouragement. Three trials were performed in the dominant hand with a 30 sec rest between trials and the highest value was recorded in kg. The cut-off values of grip strength is 28.6 kg in men and 16.4 kg in women. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Short form - 36</measure>
    <time_frame>1 month after discharge from hospital</time_frame>
    <description>Short form - 36 measures health related quality of life. It is a self-reported survey that evaluates individual health status with eight parameters consisting of physical function, pain, role limitations attributed to physical problems, role limitations attributed to emotional problems, mental health, social functioning, energy/ vitality, general health perception. There is not a summary score, each section is scored between 0-100, 0 indicates the worst condition, 100 indicates the best. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Length of stay in intensive care unit</measure>
    <time_frame>through study completion, an average of 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>Number of days of stay in intensive care unit from admission to discharge</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Length of stay in hospital</measure>
    <time_frame>through study completion, an average of 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>Number of days of stay in hospital from admission to hospital to discharge from hospital</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation</measure>
    <time_frame>through study completion, an average of 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>Number of days of invasive mechanical ventilation during intensive care unit</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Manual muscle strength</measure>
    <time_frame>1 month after discharge from hospital</time_frame>
    <description>Manual muscle strength was graded via a composite of Medical Research Council Scale score which has an excellent inter-rater reliability in survivors of critical illness. This scale range from 0 point (no muscle contraction) to 5 points (normal muscle strength). Through examination of 3 muscle groups in each limb (arm abduction, forearm flexion, wrist extension, hip flexion, knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion), clinical important muscle weakness has been defined as a composite score &lt; 48 out of maximum 60 points. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Range of joint motion</measure>
    <time_frame>1 month after discharge from hospital</time_frame>
    <description>Range of joint motion was evaluated in upper and lower extremity joints by physical examination and the results were recorded as normal or restricted for each joint. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>2</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Actual">35</enrollment>
  <condition>COVID-19</condition>
  <condition>Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</condition>
  <condition>Rehabilitation</condition>
  <condition>Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness</condition>
  <condition>Critical Illness Polyneuromyopathy</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Non-rehabilitation</arm_group_label>
    <description>The patients hospitalised in ICU who were provided all the intensive care managements except for rehabilitation interventions (discharged from intensive care unit before April 14, 2020)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Rehabilitation</arm_group_label>
    <description>The patients hospitalised in ICU who were provided rehabilitation interventions in addition to all the intensive care managements. (discharged from intensive care unit after April 14, 2020)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        The patients that hospitalized due to acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to&#xD;
        COVID-19 were enrolled this study. The rehabilitation program was started at April 14, 2020&#xD;
        in intensive care unit. Until April 14, 2020 all patients were provided all the intensive&#xD;
        care managements, except for rehabilitation. Therefore, patients discharged before this&#xD;
        time constituted the 'non-rehabilitation' group of the present study. All patients&#xD;
        discharged after April 14 were provided rehabilitation in addition to usual care and&#xD;
        constituted the study 'rehabilitation' group&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to COVID-19&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Hospitalised in intensive care unit&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age older than 18 years&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to other pathogens or causes&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Younger than 18 years&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ozden Ozyemisci Taskiran, Prof</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Koc University School of Medicine</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Koc University School of Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Istanbul</city>
        <zip>34010</zip>
        <country>Turkey</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Turkey</country>
  </location_countries>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Reid CL, Campbell IT, Little RA. Muscle wasting and energy balance in critical illness. Clin Nutr. 2004 Apr;23(2):273-80. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5614(03)00129-8.</citation>
    <PMID>15030968</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Clavet H, Hebert PC, Fergusson D, Doucette S, Trudel G. Joint contracture following prolonged stay in the intensive care unit. CMAJ. 2008 Mar 11;178(6):691-7. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.071056.</citation>
    <PMID>18332384</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Sosnowski K, Lin F, Mitchell ML, White H. Early rehabilitation in the intensive care unit: an integrative literature review. Aust Crit Care. 2015 Nov;28(4):216-25. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 Jul 2.</citation>
    <PMID>26142542</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Connolly B, O'Neill B, Salisbury L, Blackwood B; Enhanced Recovery After Critical Illness Programme Group. Physical rehabilitation interventions for adult patients during critical illness: an overview of systematic reviews. Thorax. 2016 Oct;71(10):881-90. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208273. Epub 2016 May 24.</citation>
    <PMID>27220357</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Walsh CJ, Batt J, Herridge MS, Dos Santos CC. Muscle wasting and early mobilization in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Chest Med. 2014 Dec;35(4):811-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.016. Epub 2014 Sep 30.</citation>
    <PMID>25453427</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Akar O, Gunay E, Sarinc Ulasli S, Ulasli AM, Kacar E, Sariaydin M, Solak O, Celik S, Unlu M. Efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with COPD followed in intensive care unit. Clin Respir J. 2017 Nov;11(6):743-750. doi: 10.1111/crj.12411. Epub 2015 Dec 16.</citation>
    <PMID>26597394</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Kleyweg RP, van der Meche FG, Schmitz PI. Interobserver agreement in the assessment of muscle strength and functional abilities in Guillain-Barre syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1991 Nov;14(11):1103-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.880141111.</citation>
    <PMID>1745285</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Turan Z, Ozyemisci Taskiran O, Erden Z, Kokturk N, Kaymak Karatas G. Does hand grip strength decrease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation? A cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Jun 18;49(3):802-808. doi: 10.3906/sag-1811-22.</citation>
    <PMID>31190519</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Yoo JI, Choi H, Ha YC. Mean Hand Grip Strength and Cut-off Value for Sarcopenia in Korean Adults Using KNHANES VI. J Korean Med Sci. 2017 May;32(5):868-872. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.5.868.</citation>
    <PMID>28378563</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Dodoo-Schittko F, Brandstetter S, Blecha S, Thomann-Hackner K, Brandl M, Knuttel H, Bein T, Apfelbacher C. Determinants of Quality of Life and Return to Work Following Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017 Feb 17;114(7):103-109. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0103.</citation>
    <PMID>28302253</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>June 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>June 15, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>June 16, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 17, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 16, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 16, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">June 17, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>COVID-19</keyword>
  <keyword>Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome</keyword>
  <keyword>Early rehabilitation</keyword>
  <keyword>Intensive care unit acquired weakness</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>COVID-19</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Respiratory Distress Syndrome</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Acute Lung Injury</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Syndrome</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Critical Illness</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>It was not planned to share individual participant data</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04435080
org study id: 2020.169.IRB1.037
nct id: NCT04435080
lead sponsor: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of physical rehabilitation performed
      in intensive care unit on the range of joint motions and muscle strength of survivors
      following discharge from intensive care unit in patients with COVID-19. Secondary outcome is
      to assess the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in intensive care unit and
      in hospital, and mortality rates during intensive care unit stay and health related quality
      of life following discharge in survivors.

      Until April 14 patients were provided all the intensive care managements except for
      rehabilitation and patients discharged before this time constituted the 'non-rehabilitation'
      group (n=17). Patients discharged after April 14 were provided rehabilitation in addition to
      usual intensive care unit care and constituted the study 'rehabilitation' group (n=18).

      Passive range of motion exercises to each joint and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to
      bilateral quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles were applied 6 days/week in the
      'rehabilitation' group during intensive care unit stay.
Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome could develop muscle weakness associated
      with impairment of physical function defined as intensive care unit acquired weakness. Early
      rehabilitation is recommended to prevent complications including muscle weakness and joint
      contractures, enhance weaning from mechanical ventilation, improve outcome, quality of life.

      COVID-19 is an acute infection with a high risk of enormous cytokine storm exacerbating the
      clinical condition in acute respiratory distress syndrome and is thought to further increase
      the risk of muscle weakness.

      Study participants were recruited among patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit at
      Koc University Hospital. Standard care for these patients consisted of respiratory support,
      intravenous fluid therapy, medical treatment including anticoagulation and sedation,
      nutrition, change of position every 4 hours, and if needed, hemodynamic support. The
      non-rehabilitation group patients discharged before April 14, 2020, were provided with this
      standard care. The rehabilitation group patients that discharged after April 14, 2020, were
      provided rehabilitation in addition to usual standard care. The rehabilitation program
      consisted of a passive range of motion exercises for each joint of the extremities for 15
      minutes/day, 6 days/week, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to bilateral quadriceps
      and tibialis anterior muscles for 52 minutes/day, 6 days/week. The physiatrists evaluated the
      patients. Exercises and electrical stimulation were applied daily by physiotherapists. The
      physiatrist and anesthesiologist discussed the clinical status of the patients daily and the
      physiatrist modified the rehabilitation program, if needed. Patients were enrolled in the
      rehabilitation program if there is hemodynamical stability.

      Information regarding demographic and clinical features, medications used, duration of
      mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, and mortality
      were obtained from the digital patient records in both groups.

      Following discharge, patients were evaluated for range of joint motion, manual muscle
      strength test, hand grip strength and Short form-36.
observational model: Cohort
time perspective: Retrospective
measure: Hand grip strength
time frame: 1 month after discharge from hospital
description: Hand grip strength is an indicator of overall muscle strength that predicts mortality in older patients. Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer according to the instructions of the American Society of Hand Therapists.Patients were seated placing their arms by their sides with the elbow flexed to 90°, the forearm mid-prone, and the wrist in neutral position. Patients were asked to grip the dynamometer with maximal effort using standard verbal encouragement. Three trials were performed in the dominant hand with a 30 sec rest between trials and the highest value was recorded in kg. The cut-off values of grip strength is 28.6 kg in men and 16.4 kg in women. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.
measure: Short form - 36
time frame: 1 month after discharge from hospital
description: Short form - 36 measures health related quality of life. It is a self-reported survey that evaluates individual health status with eight parameters consisting of physical function, pain, role limitations attributed to physical problems, role limitations attributed to emotional problems, mental health, social functioning, energy/ vitality, general health perception. There is not a summary score, each section is scored between 0-100, 0 indicates the worst condition, 100 indicates the best. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.
measure: Length of stay in intensive care unit
time frame: through study completion, an average of 3 months
description: Number of days of stay in intensive care unit from admission to discharge
measure: Length of stay in hospital
time frame: through study completion, an average of 3 months
description: Number of days of stay in hospital from admission to hospital to discharge from hospital
measure: Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation
time frame: through study completion, an average of 3 months
description: Number of days of invasive mechanical ventilation during intensive care unit
measure: Manual muscle strength
time frame: 1 month after discharge from hospital
description: Manual muscle strength was graded via a composite of Medical Research Council Scale score which has an excellent inter-rater reliability in survivors of critical illness. This scale range from 0 point (no muscle contraction) to 5 points (normal muscle strength). Through examination of 3 muscle groups in each limb (arm abduction, forearm flexion, wrist extension, hip flexion, knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion), clinical important muscle weakness has been defined as a composite score < 48 out of maximum 60 points. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.
measure: Range of joint motion
time frame: 1 month after discharge from hospital
description: Range of joint motion was evaluated in upper and lower extremity joints by physical examination and the results were recorded as normal or restricted for each joint. The measurement was performed 1 month after discharge.
arm group label: Non-rehabilitation
description: The patients hospitalised in ICU who were provided all the intensive care managements except for rehabilitation interventions (discharged from intensive care unit before April 14, 2020)
arm group label: Rehabilitation
description: The patients hospitalised in ICU who were provided rehabilitation interventions in addition to all the intensive care managements. (discharged from intensive care unit after April 14, 2020)
study pop: 
sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Ozden Ozyemisci Taskiran, Prof
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Koc University School of Medicine
facility: 
country: Turkey
citation: Reid CL, Campbell IT, Little RA. Muscle wasting and energy balance in critical illness. Clin Nutr. 2004 Apr;23(2):273-80. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5614(03)00129-8.
PMID: 15030968
citation: Clavet H, Hebert PC, Fergusson D, Doucette S, Trudel G. Joint contracture following prolonged stay in the intensive care unit. CMAJ. 2008 Mar 11;178(6):691-7. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.071056.
PMID: 18332384
citation: Sosnowski K, Lin F, Mitchell ML, White H. Early rehabilitation in the intensive care unit: an integrative literature review. Aust Crit Care. 2015 Nov;28(4):216-25. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 Jul 2.
PMID: 26142542
citation: Connolly B, O'Neill B, Salisbury L, Blackwood B; Enhanced Recovery After Critical Illness Programme Group. Physical rehabilitation interventions for adult patients during critical illness: an overview of systematic reviews. Thorax. 2016 Oct;71(10):881-90. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208273. Epub 2016 May 24.
PMID: 27220357
citation: Walsh CJ, Batt J, Herridge MS, Dos Santos CC. Muscle wasting and early mobilization in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Chest Med. 2014 Dec;35(4):811-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.016. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
PMID: 25453427
citation: Akar O, Gunay E, Sarinc Ulasli S, Ulasli AM, Kacar E, Sariaydin M, Solak O, Celik S, Unlu M. Efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with COPD followed in intensive care unit. Clin Respir J. 2017 Nov;11(6):743-750. doi: 10.1111/crj.12411. Epub 2015 Dec 16.
PMID: 26597394
citation: Kleyweg RP, van der Meche FG, Schmitz PI. Interobserver agreement in the assessment of muscle strength and functional abilities in Guillain-Barre syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1991 Nov;14(11):1103-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.880141111.
PMID: 1745285
citation: Turan Z, Ozyemisci Taskiran O, Erden Z, Kokturk N, Kaymak Karatas G. Does hand grip strength decrease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation? A cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Jun 18;49(3):802-808. doi: 10.3906/sag-1811-22.
PMID: 31190519
citation: Yoo JI, Choi H, Ha YC. Mean Hand Grip Strength and Cut-off Value for Sarcopenia in Korean Adults Using KNHANES VI. J Korean Med Sci. 2017 May;32(5):868-872. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.5.868.
PMID: 28378563
citation: Dodoo-Schittko F, Brandstetter S, Blecha S, Thomann-Hackner K, Brandl M, Knuttel H, Bein T, Apfelbacher C. Determinants of Quality of Life and Return to Work Following Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017 Feb 17;114(7):103-109. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0103.
PMID: 28302253
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: COVID-19
mesh term: Respiratory Distress Syndrome
mesh term: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn
mesh term: Acute Lung Injury
mesh term: Syndrome
mesh term: Critical Illness
sharing ipd: No
ipd description: It was not planned to share individual participant data