<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04479501</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>CREC 2017.503</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04479501</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Retrospective Review on Patients With Recurrent Asthmatic Attacks Requiring Hospitalizations</brief_title>
  <official_title>Retrospective Review on Patients With Recurrent Asthmatic Attacks Requiring Hospitalizations</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Chinese University of Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>United Christian Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Kwong Wah Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>North District Hospital, Hong Kong</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Chinese University of Hong Kong</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Asthma is a common respiratory disease. around the world. Asthma exacerbation is one of the&#xD;
      major sequelae and associated with various morbidity and mortality. A satisfactory asthma&#xD;
      control can help to bring down the risk of exacerbation and hence hospitalization. However,&#xD;
      the real-world evidence on the clinical factors that leads to multiple admissions, when&#xD;
      compared with single admission, due to asthma exacerbation is scarce. This study aimed at&#xD;
      evaluating the clinical characteristics of patients who had single and multiple&#xD;
      hospitalizations for asthma exacerbations, and exploring the risk factors that predict&#xD;
      multiple hospitalizations.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Asthma is a common respiratory disease worldwide and in Hong Kong. According to the&#xD;
      estimation by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015, 7.6% adults in the&#xD;
      United States have asthma. In Hong Kong, the prevalence of asthma was estimated to be 10.1%&#xD;
      among 13 to 14 years old children and 5.8% in randomly selected Chinese elderly aged more&#xD;
      than 70. The clinical characteristics varies in different age groups, with elderly asthmatics&#xD;
      have higher rates of bronchial hyper-reactivity and more severe phenotypes, when comparing&#xD;
      with younger patients. This is more important in an ageing population.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Asthmatic exacerbation is not an uncommon complication and can be fatal. For those patients&#xD;
      with near-fatal asthma exacerbation, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation may be&#xD;
      necessary to prevent mortality. This is more common among poor controllers and adults.&#xD;
      Asthma-related deaths may be reduced if risk factors are recognized and addressed early.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Many predictors for exacerbation had been identified, both endogenous and exogenous,&#xD;
      including high eosinophil count, upper airway diseases, gastroesophageal reflux, poor inhaler&#xD;
      technique, medication non-compliance, guideline non-compliance. One of the most powerful&#xD;
      predictors for future exacerbation in patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma is a&#xD;
      recent severe asthma exacerbation. In addition, hospitalization for exacerbations requiring&#xD;
      ICU care and mechanical ventilation are both predictors for near-fatal asthma. After the&#xD;
      acute attack, its unfavourable impact continues and can lead to multiple sequelae.&#xD;
      Exacerbation of asthma is associated with a more rapid decline in the post-bronchodilator&#xD;
      forced expiratory volume in 1 second and worse quality of life. In addition, individuals with&#xD;
      uncontrolled asthma had higher medical expenditures and decreased productivity, contributing&#xD;
      to a greater economic burden when compared with individuals without asthma. In contrary,&#xD;
      patients with controlled asthma had lower hospitalization rate, mortality rate and less&#xD;
      decline in lung function.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Many of these factors are potentially reversible. But, there is still a significant&#xD;
      proportion of asthma patients experiencing recurrent exacerbation despite optimization of&#xD;
      pharmacological treatment. A model of better asthma care may be established by improving the&#xD;
      understanding on these risk factors, leading to less exacerbation events.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">December 1, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">December 31, 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">June 30, 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Cohort</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Retrospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of patients who had hospitalization for asthma attack</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
    <description>Number of patients who had hospitalization for asthma attack</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Burden of comorbidity among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
    <description>Burden of comorbidity among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Spirometric parameters (FEV1, FVC) among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
    <description>Spirometric parameters (FEV1, FVC) among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Baseline blood eosinophil among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
    <description>Baseline blood eosinophil among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Prevalence of asthma patients who had received phenotypic workup</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year</time_frame>
    <description>Prevalence of asthma patients who had received phenotypic workup</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>1</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Actual">2280</enrollment>
  <condition>Asthma</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Asthma group</arm_group_label>
    <description>Patients with asthma</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Asthma exacerbation related hospitalization</intervention_name>
    <description>Evaluate the difference between patients with single and multiple hospitalizations for asthma exacerbation</description>
    <arm_group_label>Asthma group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        By using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical&#xD;
        Modification code 493.xx, each participating hospital identified all primary hospital&#xD;
        discharge diagnosis of asthma (exacerbation) during a 12-month period, between 1st January&#xD;
        2016 to 31st December 2016&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  All patients with hospitalization for asthmatic exacerbation according to physician's&#xD;
             clinical judgement&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age greater than 18 years old&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        - Inappropriate diagnosis of asthma exacerbation after evaluation&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ka Pang Chan, MBChB</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Chinese University of Hong Kong</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Chinese University of Hong Kong</name>
      <address>
        <city>Hong Kong</city>
        <country>Hong Kong</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Hong Kong</country>
  </location_countries>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/most_recent_data.htm</url>
    <description>Assessed on 28 April 2017</description>
  </link>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/why-asthma-still-kills-full-report.pdf</url>
    <description>Assessed on 21 June 2017</description>
  </link>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wong GW, Leung TF, Ko FW. Changing prevalence of allergic diseases in the Asia-pacific region. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2013 Sep;5(5):251-7. doi: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.5.251. Epub 2013 Mar 18.</citation>
    <PMID>24003381</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ko FW, Lai CK, Woo J, Ho SC, Ho CW, Goggins W, Hui DS. 12-year change in prevalence of respiratory symptoms in elderly Chinese living in Hong Kong. Respir Med. 2006 Sep;100(9):1598-607. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.12.007. Epub 2006 Jan 30.</citation>
    <PMID>16446081</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Pasha MA, Sundquist B, Townley R. Asthma pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management in the elderly. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2017 May 1;38(3):184-191. doi: 10.2500/aap.2017.38.4048.</citation>
    <PMID>28441988</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Romagnoli M, Caramori G, Braccioni F, Ravenna F, Barreiro E, Siafakas NM, Vignola AM, Chanez P, Fabbri LM, Papi A; ENFUMOSA Study Group. Near-fatal asthma phenotype in the ENFUMOSA Cohort. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 Apr;37(4):552-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02683.x.</citation>
    <PMID>17430352</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Miller MK, Lee JH, Miller DP, Wenzel SE; TENOR Study Group. Recent asthma exacerbations: a key predictor of future exacerbations. Respir Med. 2007 Mar;101(3):481-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.07.005. Epub 2006 Aug 17.</citation>
    <PMID>16914299</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dougherty RH, Fahy JV. Acute exacerbations of asthma: epidemiology, biology and the exacerbation-prone phenotype. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009 Feb;39(2):193-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03157.x.</citation>
    <PMID>19187331</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Zeiger RS, Schatz M, Dalal AA, Chen W, Sadikova E, Suruki RY, Kawatkar AA, Qian L. Blood Eosinophil Count and Outcomes in Severe Uncontrolled Asthma: A Prospective Study. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017 Jan-Feb;5(1):144-153.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.07.015. Epub 2016 Sep 21.</citation>
    <PMID>27665383</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Price DB, Rigazio A, Campbell JD, Bleecker ER, Corrigan CJ, Thomas M, Wenzel SE, Wilson AM, Small MB, Gopalan G, Ashton VL, Burden A, Hillyer EV, Kerkhof M, Pavord ID. Blood eosinophil count and prospective annual asthma disease burden: a UK cohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2015 Nov;3(11):849-58. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00367-7. Epub 2015 Oct 19.</citation>
    <PMID>26493938</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>ten Brinke A, Sterk PJ, Masclee AA, Spinhoven P, Schmidt JT, Zwinderman AH, Rabe KF, Bel EH. Risk factors of frequent exacerbations in difficult-to-treat asthma. Eur Respir J. 2005 Nov;26(5):812-8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.05.00037905.</citation>
    <PMID>16264041</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Engelkes M, Janssens HM, de Jongste JC, Sturkenboom MC, Verhamme KM. Medication adherence and the risk of severe asthma exacerbations: a systematic review. Eur Respir J. 2015 Feb;45(2):396-407. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00075614. Epub 2014 Oct 16.</citation>
    <PMID>25323234</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Nestor A, Calhoun AC, Dickson M, Kalik CA. Cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between national guideline recommended asthma drug therapy and emergency/hospital use within a managed care population. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998 Oct;81(4):327-30. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)63124-9.</citation>
    <PMID>9809496</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Williams LK, Peterson EL, Wells K, Ahmedani BK, Kumar R, Burchard EG, Chowdhry VK, Favro D, Lanfear DE, Pladevall M. Quantifying the proportion of severe asthma exacerbations attributable to inhaled corticosteroid nonadherence. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Dec;128(6):1185-1191.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.09.011. Epub 2011 Oct 21.</citation>
    <PMID>22019090</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Hasegawa K, Sullivan AF, Tovar Hirashima E, Gaeta TJ, Fee C, Turner SJ, Massaro S, Camargo CA Jr; Multicenter Airway Research Collaboration-36 Investigators. A multicenter observational study of US adults with acute asthma: who are the frequent users of the emergency department? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2014 Nov-Dec;2(6):733-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.06.012. Epub 2014 Sep 10.</citation>
    <PMID>25439365</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Serrano-Pariente J, Plaza V. Near-fatal asthma: a heterogeneous clinical entity. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Feb;17(1):28-35. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000333.</citation>
    <PMID>27870665</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Turner MO, Noertjojo K, Vedal S, Bai T, Crump S, Fitzgerald JM. Risk factors for near-fatal asthma. A case-control study in hospitalized patients with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jun;157(6 Pt 1):1804-9. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.157.6.9708092.</citation>
    <PMID>9620909</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Bai TR, Vonk JM, Postma DS, Boezen HM. Severe exacerbations predict excess lung function decline in asthma. Eur Respir J. 2007 Sep;30(3):452-6. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00165106. Epub 2007 May 30.</citation>
    <PMID>17537763</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>O'Byrne PM, Pedersen S, Lamm CJ, Tan WC, Busse WW; START Investigators Group. Severe exacerbations and decline in lung function in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Jan 1;179(1):19-24. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200807-1126OC. Epub 2008 Oct 31. Erratum In: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Oct 1;182(7):983-4.</citation>
    <PMID>18990678</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Luskin AT, Chipps BE, Rasouliyan L, Miller DP, Haselkorn T, Dorenbaum A. Impact of asthma exacerbations and asthma triggers on asthma-related quality of life in patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2014 Sep-Oct;2(5):544-52.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.02.011. Epub 2014 Jul 3.</citation>
    <PMID>25213047</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Sullivan PW, Slejko JF, Ghushchyan VH, Sucher B, Globe DR, Lin SL, Globe G. The relationship between asthma, asthma control and economic outcomes in the United States. J Asthma. 2014 Sep;51(7):769-78. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.906607. Epub 2014 Apr 7.</citation>
    <PMID>24697738</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Moorman JE, Akinbami LJ, Bailey CM, Zahran HS, King ME, Johnson CA, Liu X. National surveillance of asthma: United States, 2001-2010. Vital Health Stat 3. 2012 Nov;(35):1-58.</citation>
    <PMID>24252609</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Heaney LG, Conway E, Kelly C, Johnston BT, English C, Stevenson M, Gamble J. Predictors of therapy resistant asthma: outcome of a systematic evaluation protocol. Thorax. 2003 Jul;58(7):561-6. doi: 10.1136/thorax.58.7.561.</citation>
    <PMID>12832665</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Robinson DS, Campbell DA, Durham SR, Pfeffer J, Barnes PJ, Chung KF; Asthma and Allergy Research Group of the National Heart and Lung Institute. Systematic assessment of difficult-to-treat asthma. Eur Respir J. 2003 Sep;22(3):478-83. doi: 10.1183/09031936.03.00017003.</citation>
    <PMID>14516138</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hekking PW, Wener RR, Amelink M, Zwinderman AH, Bouvy ML, Bel EH. The prevalence of severe refractory asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Apr;135(4):896-902. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.08.042. Epub 2014 Oct 16.</citation>
    <PMID>25441637</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Koga T, Oshita Y, Kamimura T, Koga H, Aizawa H. Characterisation of patients with frequent exacerbation of asthma. Respir Med. 2006 Feb;100(2):273-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.05.017. Epub 2005 Jul 5.</citation>
    <PMID>15998585</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>July 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>June 28, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 16, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">July 21, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 16, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 16, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">July 21, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Chinese University of Hong Kong</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Ka Pang Chan</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Honorary Clinical Tutor</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Asthma</keyword>
  <keyword>Asthma exacerbation</keyword>
  <keyword>Asthma hospitalization</keyword>
  <keyword>Asthma control</keyword>
  <keyword>Asthma care</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Asthma</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Yes</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>all IPD that underlie results in a publication</ipd_description>
    <ipd_info_type>Study Protocol</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Informed Consent Form (ICF)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Clinical Study Report (CSR)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Analytic Code</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_time_frame>Starting 6 months after publication</ipd_time_frame>
    <ipd_access_criteria>upon individual approach for metaanalysis or related study</ipd_access_criteria>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04479501
org study id: CREC 2017.503
nct id: NCT04479501
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Asthma is a common respiratory disease. around the world. Asthma exacerbation is one of the
      major sequelae and associated with various morbidity and mortality. A satisfactory asthma
      control can help to bring down the risk of exacerbation and hence hospitalization. However,
      the real-world evidence on the clinical factors that leads to multiple admissions, when
      compared with single admission, due to asthma exacerbation is scarce. This study aimed at
      evaluating the clinical characteristics of patients who had single and multiple
      hospitalizations for asthma exacerbations, and exploring the risk factors that predict
      multiple hospitalizations.
Asthma is a common respiratory disease worldwide and in Hong Kong. According to the
      estimation by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015, 7.6% adults in the
      United States have asthma. In Hong Kong, the prevalence of asthma was estimated to be 10.1%
      among 13 to 14 years old children and 5.8% in randomly selected Chinese elderly aged more
      than 70. The clinical characteristics varies in different age groups, with elderly asthmatics
      have higher rates of bronchial hyper-reactivity and more severe phenotypes, when comparing
      with younger patients. This is more important in an ageing population.

      Asthmatic exacerbation is not an uncommon complication and can be fatal. For those patients
      with near-fatal asthma exacerbation, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation may be
      necessary to prevent mortality. This is more common among poor controllers and adults.
      Asthma-related deaths may be reduced if risk factors are recognized and addressed early.

      Many predictors for exacerbation had been identified, both endogenous and exogenous,
      including high eosinophil count, upper airway diseases, gastroesophageal reflux, poor inhaler
      technique, medication non-compliance, guideline non-compliance. One of the most powerful
      predictors for future exacerbation in patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma is a
      recent severe asthma exacerbation. In addition, hospitalization for exacerbations requiring
      ICU care and mechanical ventilation are both predictors for near-fatal asthma. After the
      acute attack, its unfavourable impact continues and can lead to multiple sequelae.
      Exacerbation of asthma is associated with a more rapid decline in the post-bronchodilator
      forced expiratory volume in 1 second and worse quality of life. In addition, individuals with
      uncontrolled asthma had higher medical expenditures and decreased productivity, contributing
      to a greater economic burden when compared with individuals without asthma. In contrary,
      patients with controlled asthma had lower hospitalization rate, mortality rate and less
      decline in lung function.

      Many of these factors are potentially reversible. But, there is still a significant
      proportion of asthma patients experiencing recurrent exacerbation despite optimization of
      pharmacological treatment. A model of better asthma care may be established by improving the
      understanding on these risk factors, leading to less exacerbation events.
observational model: Cohort
time perspective: Retrospective
measure: Number of patients who had hospitalization for asthma attack
time frame: 1 year
description: Number of patients who had hospitalization for asthma attack
measure: Burden of comorbidity among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
time frame: 1 year
description: Burden of comorbidity among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
measure: Spirometric parameters (FEV1, FVC) among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
time frame: 1 year
description: Spirometric parameters (FEV1, FVC) among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
measure: Baseline blood eosinophil among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
time frame: 1 year
description: Baseline blood eosinophil among subjects with recurrent hospital admission for asthma attack
measure: Prevalence of asthma patients who had received phenotypic workup
time frame: 1 year
description: Prevalence of asthma patients who had received phenotypic workup
arm group label: Asthma group
description: Patients with asthma
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Asthma exacerbation related hospitalization
description: Evaluate the difference between patients with single and multiple hospitalizations for asthma exacerbation
arm group label: Asthma group
study pop: 
sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Ka Pang Chan, MBChB
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Chinese University of Hong Kong
facility: 
country: Hong Kong
url: http://www.cdc.gov/asthma/most_recent_data.htm
description: Assessed on 28 April 2017
url: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/why-asthma-still-kills-full-report.pdf
description: Assessed on 21 June 2017
citation: Wong GW, Leung TF, Ko FW. Changing prevalence of allergic diseases in the Asia-pacific region. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2013 Sep;5(5):251-7. doi: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.5.251. Epub 2013 Mar 18.
PMID: 24003381
citation: Ko FW, Lai CK, Woo J, Ho SC, Ho CW, Goggins W, Hui DS. 12-year change in prevalence of respiratory symptoms in elderly Chinese living in Hong Kong. Respir Med. 2006 Sep;100(9):1598-607. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.12.007. Epub 2006 Jan 30.
PMID: 16446081
citation: Pasha MA, Sundquist B, Townley R. Asthma pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management in the elderly. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2017 May 1;38(3):184-191. doi: 10.2500/aap.2017.38.4048.
PMID: 28441988
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responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Chinese University of Hong Kong
investigator full name: Ka Pang Chan
investigator title: Honorary Clinical Tutor
mesh term: Asthma
sharing ipd: Yes
ipd description: all IPD that underlie results in a publication
ipd info type: Study Protocol
ipd info type: Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)
ipd info type: Informed Consent Form (ICF)
ipd info type: Clinical Study Report (CSR)
ipd info type: Analytic Code
ipd time frame: Starting 6 months after publication
ipd access criteria: upon individual approach for metaanalysis or related study