<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04466826</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>202006033</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04466826</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglia Block for Management of Chronic Migraines in Pediatric Patients</brief_title>
  <official_title>Transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglia Block for Management of Chronic Migraines in Pediatric Patients</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Washington University School of Medicine</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Washington University School of Medicine</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>Yes</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>Yes</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_us_export>Yes</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Single-center, open-label, pre-post treatment pilot study to evaluate the safety and&#xD;
      effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglia blocks for the treatment of chronic migraine in the&#xD;
      pediatric population. 50 children with a diagnosis of chronic migraines will undergo a series&#xD;
      of three transnasal sphenopalatine ganglia blocks to measure their effect on headache&#xD;
      frequency, headache intensity, headache duration, and use of headache medication.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Withdrawn</overall_status>
  <why_stopped>
    Low enrollment&#xD;
  </why_stopped>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 2, 2021</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">February 5, 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">February 5, 2021</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 2</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Sequential Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>Open label, pre/post-treatment pilot study</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Reduction in frequency of headache days: pre-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to 4 weeks following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Weekly headache journal check in - 5 questions with y/n answers and free text entry</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Reduction in frequency of headache days: post-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to one year following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Weekly headache journal check in - 5 questions with y/n answers and free text entry</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Maximum headache severity: pre-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 4 weeks following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records headache intensity on headache journal. Scale is 0-10, with 0 being the least severity and 10 being the worst severity</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Maximum headache severity: post-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>up to one year following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records headache intensity on headache journal. Scale is 0-10, with 0 being the least severity and 10 being the worst severity</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Headache duration: pre-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to 4 weeks following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records headache duration by documenting the start and end time of the headache</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Headache duration: post-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to one year following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records headache duration by documenting the start and end time of the headache</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Use of rescue medication: pre-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to 4 weeks following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records use with a y/n answer and provides the name of the medication</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Use of rescue medication: post-treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>Up to one year following consent</time_frame>
    <description>Participant records use with a y/n answer and provides the name of the medication</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">0</enrollment>
  <condition>Migraine in Children</condition>
  <condition>Pain, Neuropathic</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Minors with chronic migraines</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Headache Journal</intervention_name>
    <description>Phase 1 of study to determine a baseline for headache frequency, headache intensity and medication usage patterns</description>
    <arm_group_label>Minors with chronic migraines</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Sphenopalatine Block</intervention_name>
    <description>Phase 2 of study providing medication using 0.3ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine per nares delivered intranasal via the Tx360 device</description>
    <arm_group_label>Minors with chronic migraines</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Tx360</intervention_name>
    <description>Phase 2 of study providing medication using 0.3ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine per nares delivered intranasal via the Tx360 device</description>
    <arm_group_label>Minors with chronic migraines</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Children ages 8 to 17 years old Meet the criteria for chronic migraines Have remained&#xD;
        stable on their current headache medication for a minimum of 4 weeks.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Able to provide informed consent from parent or legal guardian Able to provide assent if&#xD;
        subject is a minor of appropriate age&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Allergy to local anesthetic Developmental delay (e.g. non-verbal) Inability to use numeric&#xD;
        pain scale Inability to perform or tolerate transnasal procedure Substance abuse disorders&#xD;
        Known pregnancy&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>8 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>17 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Jacob AuBuchon, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Washington University School of Medicine</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>St. Louis Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Saint Louis</city>
        <state>Missouri</state>
        <zip>63110</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C. Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 Dec;52(12):1088-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03793.x. Epub 2010 Sep 28.</citation>
    <PMID>20875042</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M, Lozano R, Michaud C, Ezzati M, Shibuya K, Salomon JA, Abdalla S, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Ackerman I, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Ali MK, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Bahalim AN, Barker-Collo S, Barrero LH, Bartels DH, Basanez MG, Baxter A, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bernabe E, Bhalla K, Bhandari B, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Black JA, Blencowe H, Blore JD, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Bonaventure A, Boufous S, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Braithwaite T, Brayne C, Bridgett L, Brooker S, Brooks P, Brugha TS, Bryan-Hancock C, Bucello C, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Budke CM, Burch M, Burney P, Burstein R, Calabria B, Campbell B, Canter CE, Carabin H, Carapetis J, Carmona L, Cella C, Charlson F, Chen H, Cheng AT, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahiya M, Dahodwala N, Damsere-Derry J, Danaei G, Davis A, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Dellavalle R, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Derrett S, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dherani M, Diaz-Torne C, Dolk H, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Edmond K, Elbaz A, Ali SE, Erskine H, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ewoigbokhan SE, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Felson DT, Ferrari A, Ferri CP, Fevre EM, Finucane MM, Flaxman S, Flood L, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabbe BJ, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Ganatra HA, Garcia B, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gmel G, Gosselin R, Grainger R, Groeger J, Guillemin F, Gunnell D, Gupta R, Haagsma J, Hagan H, Halasa YA, Hall W, Haring D, Haro JM, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Higashi H, Hill C, Hoen B, Hoffman H, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Huang JJ, Ibeanusi SE, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jarvis D, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Jonas JB, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Kawakami N, Keren A, Khoo JP, King CH, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lalloo R, Laslett LL, Lathlean T, Leasher JL, Lee YY, Leigh J, Lim SS, Limb E, Lin JK, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Liu W, Loane M, Ohno SL, Lyons R, Ma J, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Malekzadeh R, Mallinger L, Manivannan S, Marcenes W, March L, Margolis DJ, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGill N, McGrath J, Medina-Mora ME, Meltzer M, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Meyer AC, Miglioli V, Miller M, Miller TR, Mitchell PB, Mocumbi AO, Moffitt TE, Mokdad AA, Monasta L, Montico M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moran A, Morawska L, Mori R, Murdoch ME, Mwaniki MK, Naidoo K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nelson PK, Nelson RG, Nevitt MC, Newton CR, Nolte S, Norman P, Norman R, O'Donnell M, O'Hanlon S, Olives C, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Page A, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Patten SB, Pearce N, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Phillips D, Phillips MR, Pierce K, Pion S, Polanczyk GV, Polinder S, Pope CA 3rd, Popova S, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Prince M, Pullan RL, Ramaiah KD, Ranganathan D, Razavi H, Regan M, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Richardson K, Rivara FP, Roberts T, Robinson C, De Leon FR, Ronfani L, Room R, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Saha S, Sampson U, Sanchez-Riera L, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Scott JG, Segui-Gomez M, Shahraz S, Shepard DS, Shin H, Shivakoti R, Singh D, Singh GM, Singh JA, Singleton J, Sleet DA, Sliwa K, Smith E, Smith JL, Stapelberg NJ, Steer A, Steiner T, Stolk WA, Stovner LJ, Sudfeld C, Syed S, Tamburlini G, Tavakkoli M, Taylor HR, Taylor JA, Taylor WJ, Thomas B, Thomson WM, Thurston GD, Tleyjeh IM, Tonelli M, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Tsilimbaris MK, Ubeda C, Undurraga EA, van der Werf MJ, van Os J, Vavilala MS, Venketasubramanian N, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weatherall DJ, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Weisskopf MG, Weissman MM, White RA, Whiteford H, Wiersma ST, Wilkinson JD, Williams HC, Williams SR, Witt E, Wolfe F, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Zaidi AK, Zheng ZJ, Zonies D, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2163-96. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2. Erratum In: Lancet. 2013 Feb 23;381(9867):628. AlMazroa, Mohammad A [added]; Memish, Ziad A [added].</citation>
    <PMID>23245607</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wober-Bingol C. Epidemiology of migraine and headache in children and adolescents. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2013 Jun;17(6):341. doi: 10.1007/s11916-013-0341-z.</citation>
    <PMID>23700075</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>February 2021</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 6, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 6, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">July 10, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>February 5, 2021</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>February 5, 2021</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">February 10, 2021</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Migraine Disorders</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Neuralgia</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04466826
org study id: 202006033
nct id: NCT04466826
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: Yes
is fda regulated device: Yes
is us export: Yes
Single-center, open-label, pre-post treatment pilot study to evaluate the safety and
      effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglia blocks for the treatment of chronic migraine in the
      pediatric population. 50 children with a diagnosis of chronic migraines will undergo a series
      of three transnasal sphenopalatine ganglia blocks to measure their effect on headache
      frequency, headache intensity, headache duration, and use of headache medication.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Sequential Assignment
intervention model description: Open label, pre/post-treatment pilot study
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Reduction in frequency of headache days: pre-treatment
time frame: Up to 4 weeks following consent
description: Weekly headache journal check in - 5 questions with y/n answers and free text entry
measure: Reduction in frequency of headache days: post-treatment
time frame: Up to one year following consent
description: Weekly headache journal check in - 5 questions with y/n answers and free text entry
measure: Maximum headache severity: pre-treatment
time frame: up to 4 weeks following consent
description: Participant records headache intensity on headache journal. Scale is 0-10, with 0 being the least severity and 10 being the worst severity
measure: Maximum headache severity: post-treatment
time frame: up to one year following consent
description: Participant records headache intensity on headache journal. Scale is 0-10, with 0 being the least severity and 10 being the worst severity
measure: Headache duration: pre-treatment
time frame: Up to 4 weeks following consent
description: Participant records headache duration by documenting the start and end time of the headache
measure: Headache duration: post-treatment
time frame: Up to one year following consent
description: Participant records headache duration by documenting the start and end time of the headache
measure: Use of rescue medication: pre-treatment
time frame: Up to 4 weeks following consent
description: Participant records use with a y/n answer and provides the name of the medication
measure: Use of rescue medication: post-treatment
time frame: Up to one year following consent
description: Participant records use with a y/n answer and provides the name of the medication
arm group label: Minors with chronic migraines
arm group type: Experimental
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Headache Journal
description: Phase 1 of study to determine a baseline for headache frequency, headache intensity and medication usage patterns
arm group label: Minors with chronic migraines
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Sphenopalatine Block
description: Phase 2 of study providing medication using 0.3ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine per nares delivered intranasal via the Tx360 device
arm group label: Minors with chronic migraines
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Tx360
description: Phase 2 of study providing medication using 0.3ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine per nares delivered intranasal via the Tx360 device
arm group label: Minors with chronic migraines
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 8 Years
maximum age: 17 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Jacob AuBuchon, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine
facility: 
country: United States
citation: Abu-Arafeh I, Razak S, Sivaraman B, Graham C. Prevalence of headache and migraine in children and adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 Dec;52(12):1088-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03793.x. Epub 2010 Sep 28.
PMID: 20875042
citation: Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M, Lozano R, Michaud C, Ezzati M, Shibuya K, Salomon JA, Abdalla S, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Ackerman I, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Ali MK, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Bahalim AN, Barker-Collo S, Barrero LH, Bartels DH, Basanez MG, Baxter A, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bernabe E, Bhalla K, Bhandari B, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Black JA, Blencowe H, Blore JD, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Bonaventure A, Boufous S, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Braithwaite T, Brayne C, Bridgett L, Brooker S, Brooks P, Brugha TS, Bryan-Hancock C, Bucello C, Buchbinder R, Buckle G, Budke CM, Burch M, Burney P, Burstein R, Calabria B, Campbell B, Canter CE, Carabin H, Carapetis J, Carmona L, Cella C, Charlson F, Chen H, Cheng AT, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahiya M, Dahodwala N, Damsere-Derry J, Danaei G, Davis A, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Dellavalle R, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Derrett S, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dherani M, Diaz-Torne C, Dolk H, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Edmond K, Elbaz A, Ali SE, Erskine H, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ewoigbokhan SE, Farzadfar F, Feigin V, Felson DT, Ferrari A, Ferri CP, Fevre EM, Finucane MM, Flaxman S, Flood L, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabbe BJ, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Ganatra HA, Garcia B, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gmel G, Gosselin R, Grainger R, Groeger J, Guillemin F, Gunnell D, Gupta R, Haagsma J, Hagan H, Halasa YA, Hall W, Haring D, Haro JM, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Higashi H, Hill C, Hoen B, Hoffman H, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Huang JJ, Ibeanusi SE, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jarvis D, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Jonas JB, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Kawakami N, Keren A, Khoo JP, King CH, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lalloo R, Laslett LL, Lathlean T, Leasher JL, Lee YY, Leigh J, Lim SS, Limb E, Lin JK, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Liu W, Loane M, Ohno SL, Lyons R, Ma J, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Malekzadeh R, Mallinger L, Manivannan S, Marcenes W, March L, Margolis DJ, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGill N, McGrath J, Medina-Mora ME, Meltzer M, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Meyer AC, Miglioli V, Miller M, Miller TR, Mitchell PB, Mocumbi AO, Moffitt TE, Mokdad AA, Monasta L, Montico M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moran A, Morawska L, Mori R, Murdoch ME, Mwaniki MK, Naidoo K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nelson PK, Nelson RG, Nevitt MC, Newton CR, Nolte S, Norman P, Norman R, O'Donnell M, O'Hanlon S, Olives C, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Page A, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Patten SB, Pearce N, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Phillips D, Phillips MR, Pierce K, Pion S, Polanczyk GV, Polinder S, Pope CA 3rd, Popova S, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Prince M, Pullan RL, Ramaiah KD, Ranganathan D, Razavi H, Regan M, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Richardson K, Rivara FP, Roberts T, Robinson C, De Leon FR, Ronfani L, Room R, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Saha S, Sampson U, Sanchez-Riera L, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Scott JG, Segui-Gomez M, Shahraz S, Shepard DS, Shin H, Shivakoti R, Singh D, Singh GM, Singh JA, Singleton J, Sleet DA, Sliwa K, Smith E, Smith JL, Stapelberg NJ, Steer A, Steiner T, Stolk WA, Stovner LJ, Sudfeld C, Syed S, Tamburlini G, Tavakkoli M, Taylor HR, Taylor JA, Taylor WJ, Thomas B, Thomson WM, Thurston GD, Tleyjeh IM, Tonelli M, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Tsilimbaris MK, Ubeda C, Undurraga EA, van der Werf MJ, van Os J, Vavilala MS, Venketasubramanian N, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weatherall DJ, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Weisskopf MG, Weissman MM, White RA, Whiteford H, Wiersma ST, Wilkinson JD, Williams HC, Williams SR, Witt E, Wolfe F, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Zaidi AK, Zheng ZJ, Zonies D, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2163-96. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2. Erratum In: Lancet. 2013 Feb 23;381(9867):628. AlMazroa, Mohammad A [added]; Memish, Ziad A [added].
PMID: 23245607
citation: Wober-Bingol C. Epidemiology of migraine and headache in children and adolescents. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2013 Jun;17(6):341. doi: 10.1007/s11916-013-0341-z.
PMID: 23700075
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Migraine Disorders
mesh term: Neuralgia