<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04492475</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>20-0006 ACTT-3</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04492475</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial 3 (ACTT-3)</brief_title>
  <official_title>A Multicenter, Adaptive, Randomized Blinded Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Investigational Therapeutics for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Adults (ACTT-3)</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)</agency>
      <agency_class>NIH</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>Yes</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_us_export>No</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      ACTT-3 will evaluate the combination of interferon beta-1a and remdesivir compared to&#xD;
      remdesivir alone. Subjects will be assessed daily while hospitalized. If the subjects are&#xD;
      discharged from the hospital, they will have a study visit at Days 15, 22, and 29. For&#xD;
      discharged subjects, it is preferred that the Day 15 and 29 visits are in person to obtain&#xD;
      safety laboratory tests and oropharyngeal (OP) swab and blood (serum only) samples for&#xD;
      secondary research as well as clinical outcome data. However, infection control or other&#xD;
      restrictions may limit the ability of the subject to return to the clinic. In this case,&#xD;
      these visits may be conducted by phone, and only clinical data will be obtained. The Day 22&#xD;
      visit does not have laboratory tests or collection of samples and is conducted by phone. The&#xD;
      primary outcome is time to recovery by Day 29.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      This study is an adaptive randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the&#xD;
      safety and efficacy of novel therapeutic agents in hospitalized adults diagnosed with&#xD;
      COVID-19. The study is a multicenter trial that will be conducted in up to approximately 100&#xD;
      sites globally. The study will compare different investigational therapeutic agents to a&#xD;
      control arm. New arms can be introduced according to scientific and public health needs.&#xD;
      There will be interim monitoring to allow early stopping for futility, efficacy, or safety.&#xD;
      If one therapy proves to be efficacious, then this treatment may become the control arm for&#xD;
      comparison(s) with new experimental treatment(s). Any such change would be accompanied by an&#xD;
      updated sample size. This adaptive platform is used to rapidly evaluate different&#xD;
      therapeutics in a population of those hospitalized with moderate to severe COVID-19. The&#xD;
      platform will provide a common framework sharing a similar population, design, endpoints, and&#xD;
      safety oversight. New stages with new therapeutics can be introduced. One independent Data&#xD;
      and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will actively monitor interim data in all stages to make&#xD;
      recommendations about early study closure or changes to study arms.&#xD;
&#xD;
      ACTT-3 will evaluate the combination of interferon beta-1a and remdesivir compared to&#xD;
      remdesivir alone. Subjects will be assessed daily while hospitalized. If the subjects are&#xD;
      discharged from the hospital, they will have a study visit at Days 15, 22, and 29. For&#xD;
      discharged subjects, it is preferred that the Day 15 and 29 visits are in person to obtain&#xD;
      safety laboratory tests and oropharyngeal (OP) swab and blood (serum only) samples for&#xD;
      secondary research as well as clinical outcome data. However, infection control or other&#xD;
      restrictions may limit the ability of the subject to return to the clinic. In this case,&#xD;
      these visits may be conducted by phone, and only clinical data will be obtained. The Day 22&#xD;
      visit does not have laboratory tests or collection of samples and is conducted by phone.&#xD;
&#xD;
      All subjects will undergo a series of efficacy, safety, and laboratory assessments. Safety&#xD;
      laboratory tests and blood (serum and plasma) research samples and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs&#xD;
      will be obtained on Days 1 (prior to infusion) and Days 3, 5, 8, and 11 (while hospitalized).&#xD;
      OP swabs and blood (serum only) plus safety laboratory tests will be collected on Day 15 and&#xD;
      29 (if the subject attends an in-person visit or are still hospitalized).&#xD;
&#xD;
      The primary outcome is time to recovery by Day 29 for patients with baseline ordinal score 4,&#xD;
      5 and 6. A key secondary outcome evaluates treatment-related improvements in the 8-point&#xD;
      ordinal scale at Day 15. Each stage may prioritize different secondary endpoints for the&#xD;
      purpose of multiple comparison analyses.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Contacts:&#xD;
&#xD;
      20-0006 Central Contact&#xD;
&#xD;
      Telephone: 1 (301) 7617948&#xD;
&#xD;
      Email: DMIDClinicalTrials@niaid.nih.gov&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">August 5, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">December 21, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 21, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 3</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Investigator)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Race</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Ethnicity</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Sex</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate ALT was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate AST was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein (CRP)</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate CRP was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Creatinine</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate serum creatinine was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in D-dimer Concentration</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate d-dimer concentration was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate hemoglobin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR)</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate INR was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Platelets</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate platelets was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed overall and by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate total bilirubin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (WBC)</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate WBC was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Neutrophils</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate neutrophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Lymphoctyes</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate lymphocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Monocytes</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate monocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Basophils</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate basophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change From Baseline in Eosinophils</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
    <description>Blood to evaluate eosinophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in National Early Warning Score (NEWS) From Baseline</measure>
    <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29</time_frame>
    <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Grade 3 and 4 Clinical and/or Laboratory Adverse Events (AEs)</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Grade 3 AEs are defined as events that interrupt usual activities of daily living, or significantly affects clinical status, or may require intensive therapeutic intervention. Severe events are usually incapacitating. Grade 4 AEs are defined as events that are potentially life threatening.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>An SAE is defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction is considered serious if, in the view of either the investigator or the sponsor, it results in death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, a persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of Hospitalization</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of hospitalization was determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of invasive ventilation was measured in days among participants who required invasive ventilation, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen use at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of New Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of new oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on oxygen at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of new ventilator or ECMO use was measured in days among participants who were not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of Non Invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Duration of oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were on oxygen in based, calculated in two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants With Discontinuation or Temporary Suspension of Study Product Administration</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 10</time_frame>
    <description>Discontinuation or temporary suspension of study product administration, including participants who died or were discharged, was evaluated by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of Participants With New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Proportion of participants with new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of Participants With New Oxygen Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Incidence of new oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were not on oxygen at baseline.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of Participants With New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Incidence of new ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use was assessed among participants not on ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use at baseline.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Mean Change From Baseline in the Ordinal Scale</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 8) Death. A positive change indicates a worsening and a negative change is an improvement.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants at Each Clinical Status Using Ordinal Scale at Day 15 for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 15</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Data was imputed using last observation carried forward or worst possible score based on hospitalization status (2 if not hospitalized, 7 if hospitalized) when there was a change in hospitalization status since last score. Deaths were imputed as an 8.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 1</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 3</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 3</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 5</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 5</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 8</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 8</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 11</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 11</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 15</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 15</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 22</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 22</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 29</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>14-day Participant Mortality</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 15</time_frame>
    <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 15. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>28-day Participant Mortality</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 29. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to an Improvement of One Category Using an Ordinal Scale</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least one category was determined for each participant.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to an Improvement of Two Categories Using an Ordinal Scale</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Death; 2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 6) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 7) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 8) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least two categories was determined for each participant.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Discharge or to a National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of &lt;/= 2 and Maintained for 24 Hours, Whichever Occurs First</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome. The time to discharge or a NEWS of less than or equal to 2 was determined for each participant.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time to Recovery for Patients With a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
    <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">969</enrollment>
  <condition>COVID-19</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Placebo</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Interferon beta-1a</intervention_name>
    <description>Rebif (R) is a purified 166 amino acid human interferon beta glycoprotein with an amino acid sequence identical to natural fibroblast derived human interferon beta. Each 0.5 mL prefilled syringe contains 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a, 4 mg human albumin, USP; 27.3 mg mannitol, USP; 0.4 mg sodium acetate; and water for injection, USP.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Placebo</intervention_name>
    <description>The interferon beta-1a placebo contains either 0.5 mL 0.9% normal saline or 0.5 mL sterile water for injection.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Placebo</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Remdesivir</intervention_name>
    <description>Drug Remdesivir is a single diastereomer monophosphoramidate prodrug designed for the intracellular delivery of a modified adenine nucleoside analog GS-441524. In addition to the active ingredient, the lyophilized formulation of Remdesivir contains the following inactive ingredients: water for injection, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin sodium (SBECD), and hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Remdesivir plus Placebo</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Admitted to a hospital with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19.&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Subject (or legally authorized representative) provides informed consent prior to&#xD;
             initiation of any study procedures.&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Subject (or legally authorized representative) understands and agrees to comply with&#xD;
             planned study procedures.&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Male or non-pregnant female adult &gt; / = 18 years of age at time of enrollment.&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Has laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection as determined by polymerase chain&#xD;
             reaction (PCR) or other commercial or public health assay in any respiratory specimen&#xD;
             or saliva, as documented by either of the following:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  PCR or other assay positive in sample collected &lt; 72 hours prior to&#xD;
                  randomization; OR&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  PCR or other assay positive in sample collected &gt;/= 72 hours but &lt; 7 days prior&#xD;
                  to randomization AND progressive disease suggestive of ongoing SARS-CoV-2&#xD;
                  infection.&#xD;
&#xD;
             Note: if written documentation of the positive test result is not available at&#xD;
             enrollment (e.g., report from other institution), the subject may be enrolled but the&#xD;
             PCR should be repeated at the time of enrollment.&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Illness of any duration, and at least one of the following:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Radiographic infiltrates by imaging (chest x-ray, CT scan, etc.), OR&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  SpO2 &lt; / = 94% on room air, OR&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Requiring supplemental oxygen.&#xD;
&#xD;
          7. Women of childbearing potential must agree to either abstinence or use at least one&#xD;
             primary form of contraception not including hormonal contraception from the time of&#xD;
             screening through Day 29.&#xD;
&#xD;
          8. Agrees to not participate in another clinical trial (both pharmacologic and other&#xD;
             types of interventions) for the treatment of COVID-19 through Day 29.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Anticipated discharge from the hospital or transfer to another hospital which is not a&#xD;
             study site within 72 hours.&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Subject meets criteria for ordinal scale category 6 or 7 at the time of screening.&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Subject has a positive test for influenza virus during this current hospital&#xD;
             admission.&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt; 30 mL/min are excluded&#xD;
             unless in the opinion of the PI, the potential benefit of receiving remdesivir&#xD;
             outweighs the potential risk of study participation.&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) &gt; 5 times the upper&#xD;
             limits of normal.&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Total white cell blood cell count (WBC) &lt;1500 cells/microliter.&#xD;
&#xD;
          7. Platelet count &lt;50,000/microliter.&#xD;
&#xD;
          8. History of chronic liver disease (e.g., jaundice, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy,&#xD;
             history of bleeding esophageal or gastric varices). No laboratory testing is needed.&#xD;
&#xD;
          9. Pregnancy or breast feeding (lactating women who agree to discard breast milk from Day&#xD;
             1 until three weeks after the last study product is given are not excluded).&#xD;
&#xD;
         10. Allergy to any study medication including history of hypersensitivity to natural or&#xD;
             recombinant interferon beta or human albumin.&#xD;
&#xD;
         11. Patient has a chronic or acute medical condition or is taking a medication that cannot&#xD;
             be discontinued at enrollment, that in the judgement of the PI, places them at&#xD;
             unacceptable risk for a poor clinical outcome if they were to participate in the&#xD;
             study.&#xD;
&#xD;
         12. Received three or more doses of remdesivir, including the loading dose, outside of the&#xD;
             study for COVID-19.&#xD;
&#xD;
         13. Received convalescent plasma or intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIg] for the treatment of&#xD;
             COVID-19.&#xD;
&#xD;
         14. Received any interferon product within two weeks of screening, either for the&#xD;
             treatment of COVID-19 or for a chronic medical condition (e.g., multiple sclerosis,&#xD;
             HCV infection).&#xD;
&#xD;
         15. Received any of the following in the two weeks prior to screening as treatment of&#xD;
             COVID-19:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g. baricitinib, imatinib, gefitinib,&#xD;
                  acalabrutinib, etc.);&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines (e.g., TNF inhibitors,&#xD;
                  anti-interleukin-1 [IL-1], anti-IL-6 [tocilizumab or sarilumab], etc.);&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Monoclonal antibodies targeting T-cells or B-cells as treatment for COVID-19.&#xD;
&#xD;
         16. Prior enrollment in ACTT-3.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>99 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine - Infectious Disease</name>
      <address>
        <city>Birmingham</city>
        <state>Alabama</state>
        <zip>35233</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>UCSF Fresno Center for Medical Education and Research - Clinical Research Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Fresno</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>93701</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California San Diego Health - Jacobs Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>La Jolla</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>29037</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California Los Angeles Medical Center - Westwood Clinic</name>
      <address>
        <city>Los Angeles</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>90095</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California Irvine Medical Center - Infectious Disease</name>
      <address>
        <city>Orange</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>92868-3298</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>VA Palo Alto Health Care System - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Palo Alto</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>94304-1207</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Stanford University - Stanford Hospital and Clinics - Pediatrics - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Palo Alto</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>94304-1503</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California Davis Medical Center - Internal Medicine - Infectious Disease</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sacramento</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>95817-1460</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Naval Medical Center San Diego - Infectious Disease Clinic</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Diego</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>92314</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of California San Francisco - Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital - Division of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Francisco</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>94110-2859</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Cedars Sinai Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>West Hollywood</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>90048-1804</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Eastern Colorado Health Care System</name>
      <address>
        <city>Aurora</city>
        <state>Colorado</state>
        <zip>80045</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Denver Health Division of Hospital Medicine - Main Campus</name>
      <address>
        <city>Denver</city>
        <state>Colorado</state>
        <zip>80204</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Florida Health - Shands Hospital - Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Gainesville</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32610</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Florida Health - Jacksonville - Department of Emergency Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Jacksonville</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32209</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Miami Miller School of Medicine - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Miami</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33136</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Emory Vaccine Center - The Hope Clinic</name>
      <address>
        <city>Decatur</city>
        <state>Georgia</state>
        <zip>30030-1705</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Atlanta VA Medical Center - Infectious Diseases Clinic</name>
      <address>
        <city>Decatur</city>
        <state>Georgia</state>
        <zip>30033</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Tripler Army Medical Center (TAMC)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Honolulu</city>
        <state>Hawaii</state>
        <zip>96859</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Northwestern Hospital - Infectious Disease</name>
      <address>
        <city>Chicago</city>
        <state>Illinois</state>
        <zip>60611-2908</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Illinois at Chicago Division of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Chicago</city>
        <state>Illinois</state>
        <zip>60612</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Iowa Hospitals &amp; Clinics - Department of Internal Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Iowa City</city>
        <state>Iowa</state>
        <zip>52242</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ochsner Medical Center - Kenner - Department of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Kenner</city>
        <state>Louisiana</state>
        <zip>70065</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System - Section of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>New Orleans</city>
        <state>Louisiana</state>
        <zip>70119</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Maryland School of Medicine - Center for Vaccine Development - Baltimore</name>
      <address>
        <city>Baltimore</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>21201</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Johns Hopkins Hospital - Medicine - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Baltimore</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>21287-0005</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Walter Reed National Military Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bethesda</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>20889</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National Institutes of Health - Clinical Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Laboratory Of Immunoregulation, Clinical Research Section</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bethesda</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>20892-1504</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Massachusetts General Hospital - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Boston</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>02114-2621</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Massachusetts Medical School - Infectious Diseases and Immunology</name>
      <address>
        <city>Worcester</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>01655-0002</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview - Infectious Diseases and International Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Minneapolis</city>
        <state>Minnesota</state>
        <zip>55455-0356</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Saint Louis University - Center for Vaccine Development</name>
      <address>
        <city>Saint Louis</city>
        <state>Missouri</state>
        <zip>63104-1015</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Nebraska Medical Center - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Omaha</city>
        <state>Nebraska</state>
        <zip>68198-5400</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of New Mexico Clinical and Translational Science Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Albuquerque</city>
        <state>New Mexico</state>
        <zip>87106</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Montefiore Medical Center - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bronx</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>10467-2401</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>New York University School of Medicine - Langone Medical Center - Microbiology - Parasitology</name>
      <address>
        <city>New York</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>10016-6402</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Rochester Medical Center - Vaccine Research Unit</name>
      <address>
        <city>Rochester</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>14642-0001</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Duke Human Vaccine Institute - Duke Vaccine and Trials Unit</name>
      <address>
        <city>Durham</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>27704</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Womack Army Medical Center - Pulmonary and Respiratory Services</name>
      <address>
        <city>Fort Bragg</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>28310</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Kaiser Permanente Northwest - Center for Health Research</name>
      <address>
        <city>Portland</city>
        <state>Oregon</state>
        <zip>97227</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center - Division of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Hershey</city>
        <state>Pennsylvania</state>
        <zip>17033</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Philadelphia</city>
        <state>Pennsylvania</state>
        <zip>19104-4238</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Baylor Scott &amp; White Health - Baylor University Medical Center - North Texas Infectious Disease Consultants</name>
      <address>
        <city>Dallas</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>75246</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center - Internal Medicine - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Dallas</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>75390-8884</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Brooke Army Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Fort Sam Houston</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>78234</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Texas Medical Branch - Division of Infectious Disease</name>
      <address>
        <city>Galveston</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>77555</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Baylor College of Medicine - Molecular Virology and Microbiology</name>
      <address>
        <city>Houston</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>77030-3411</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Methodist Hospital - Houston</name>
      <address>
        <city>Houston</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>77030</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Antonio</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>78229-3901</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Utah - Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Salt Lake City</city>
        <state>Utah</state>
        <zip>84132</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Virginia - Acute Care Surgery</name>
      <address>
        <city>Charlottesville</city>
        <state>Virginia</state>
        <zip>22908-0816</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Naval Medical Center Portsmouth - Infectious Disease Division</name>
      <address>
        <city>Portsmouth</city>
        <state>Virginia</state>
        <zip>23708</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>EvergreenHealth Infectious Disease Service</name>
      <address>
        <city>Kirkland</city>
        <state>Washington</state>
        <zip>98034</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Spokane</city>
        <state>Washington</state>
        <zip>99204</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Madigan Army Medical Center - Infectious Disease Clinic</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tacoma</city>
        <state>Washington</state>
        <zip>98431</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital - Disease Control and Prevention Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tokyo</city>
        <zip>162-8655</zip>
        <country>Japan</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Seoul National University Bundang Hospital - Division of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seongnam</city>
        <state>Gyeonggi-do</state>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Seoul National University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <state>Jongno-gu</state>
        <zip>03080</zip>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) - Ismael Cosío Villegas</name>
      <address>
        <city>Mexico City</city>
        <zip>14080</zip>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán - Departamento de Infectologia</name>
      <address>
        <city>Mexico City</city>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National University Health System - Division of Infectious Diseases</name>
      <address>
        <city>Singapore</city>
        <zip>119228</zip>
        <country>Singapore</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Singapore</city>
        <zip>308442</zip>
        <country>Singapore</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Changi General Hospital - Clinical Trials and Research Unit (CTRU)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Singapore</city>
        <zip>529889</zip>
        <country>Singapore</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ng Teng Fong General Hospital - Infectious Disease Service</name>
      <address>
        <city>Singapore</city>
        <country>Singapore</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Japan</country>
    <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
    <country>Mexico</country>
    <country>Singapore</country>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>November 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 28, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 28, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">July 30, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <results_first_submitted>October 28, 2021</results_first_submitted>
  <results_first_submitted_qc>November 18, 2021</results_first_submitted_qc>
  <results_first_posted type="Actual">November 22, 2021</results_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 9, 2022</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 9, 2022</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 14, 2022</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Adaptive</keyword>
  <keyword>COVID-19</keyword>
  <keyword>Efficacy</keyword>
  <keyword>Multicenter</keyword>
  <keyword>novel coronavirus</keyword>
  <keyword>Safety</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>COVID-19</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Interferons</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Interferon-beta</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Interferon beta-1a</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Remdesivir</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <provided_document_section>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Study Protocol</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>Yes</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>No</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>September 28, 2020</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/75/NCT04492475/Prot_001.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Statistical Analysis Plan</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>No</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>Yes</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>January 19, 2021</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/75/NCT04492475/SAP_002.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Informed Consent Form</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>No</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>Yes</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>No</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>November 13, 2020</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/75/NCT04492475/ICF_000.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
  </provided_document_section>

  <clinical_results>

    <participant_flow>
      <recruitment_details>Participants were recruited at the participating sites from those admitted with symptoms of COVID-19 confirmed by PCR. Enrollment occurred between 05AUG2020 and 11NOV2020.</recruitment_details>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="P1">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.&#xD;
Interferon beta-1a: Rebif (R) is a purified 166 amino acid human interferon beta glycoprotein with an amino acid sequence identical to natural fibroblast derived human interferon beta. Each 0.5 mL prefilled syringe contains 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a, 4 mg human albumin, USP; 27.3 mg mannitol, USP; 0.4 mg sodium acetate; and water for injection, USP.&#xD;
Remdesivir: Drug Remdesivir is a single diastereomer monophosphoramidate prodrug designed for the intracellular delivery of a modified adenine nucleoside analog GS-441524. In addition to the active ingredient, the lyophilized formulation of Remdesivir contains the following inactive ingredients: water for injection, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin sodium (SBECD), and hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="P2">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.&#xD;
Placebo: The interferon beta-1a placebo contains either 0.5 mL 0.9% normal saline or 0.5 mL sterile water for injection.&#xD;
Remdesivir: Drug Remdesivir is a single diastereomer monophosphoramidate prodrug designed for the intracellular delivery of a modified adenine nucleoside analog GS-441524. In addition to the active ingredient, the lyophilized formulation of Remdesivir contains the following inactive ingredients: water for injection, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin sodium (SBECD), and hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <period_list>
        <period>
          <title>Overall Study</title>
          <milestone_list>
            <milestone>
              <title>STARTED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="487"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="482"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>ITT and Modified ITT Population</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="487"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="482"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>As Treated Population</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="477"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="468"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>COMPLETED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="473"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="474"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>NOT COMPLETED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="14"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="8"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
          </milestone_list>
          <drop_withdraw_reason_list>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Enrolled but not treated</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="8"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="8"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Withdrawal by Subject</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="4"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="0"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Became ineligible after enrollment</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="2"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="0"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
          </drop_withdraw_reason_list>
        </period>
      </period_list>
    </participant_flow>

    <baseline>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="B1">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="B2">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="B3">
          <title>Total</title>
          <description>Total of all reporting groups</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <analyzed_list>
        <analyzed>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <scope>Overall</scope>
          <count_list>
            <count group_id="B1" value="487"/>
            <count group_id="B2" value="482"/>
            <count group_id="B3" value="969"/>
          </count_list>
        </analyzed>
      </analyzed_list>
      <measure_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Age</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>&lt;=18 years</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Between 18 and 65 years</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="301"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="304"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="605"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>&gt;=65 years</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="186"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="178"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="364"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Age</title>
          <units>years</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>Standard Deviation</dispersion>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="58.3" spread="15.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="59.1" spread="16.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="58.7" spread="15.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Sex: Female, Male</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>Female</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="190"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="216"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="406"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Male</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="297"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="266"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="563"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>Hispanic or Latino</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="154"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="157"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="311"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Not Hispanic or Latino</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="323"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="317"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="640"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Unknown or Not Reported</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="10"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="18"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Race (NIH/OMB)</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>American Indian or Alaska Native</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="11"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Asian</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="44"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="39"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="83"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Black or African American</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="76"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="84"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="160"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>White</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="299"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="285"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="584"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>More than one race</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Unknown or Not Reported</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="54"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="63"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="117"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Region of Enrollment</title>
          <units>participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>South Korea</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="16"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="14"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="30"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Singapore</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>United States</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="432"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="428"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="860"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Japan</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="17"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Mexico</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="29"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="57"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Baseline Ordinal Score</title>
          <description>Participants were scored at baseline based on their hospitalization and oxygen usage with enrollment limited to scores 4-6. Ordinal Score 4: Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen. Ordinal Score 5: Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen. Ordinal Score 6: Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices.</description>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>Ordinal Score 4</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="84"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="68"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="152"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Ordinal Score 5</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="368"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="380"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="748"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Ordinal Score 6</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="35"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="34"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="69"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </measure_list>
    </baseline>

    <outcome_list>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6</title>
        <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6</title>
          <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="487"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="482"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5.0" lower_limit="NA" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. Also, if less than 50% of participants recover then the median time can not be estimated.</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="NA" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. Also, if less than 50% of participants recover then the median time can not be estimated.</measurement>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <p_value>0.880</p_value>
            <method>Log Rank</method>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.99</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.87</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.13</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate ALT was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate ALT was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>Units/Liter (U/L)</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="432"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="432"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="17.6" lower_limit="13.7" upper_limit="21.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.6" lower_limit="-4.6" upper_limit="9.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="5.0" lower_limit="2.1" upper_limit="7.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="10.9" lower_limit="-11.9" upper_limit="33.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="312"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="291"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="41.4" lower_limit="32.7" upper_limit="50.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.5" lower_limit="-8.5" upper_limit="11.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="13.5" lower_limit="9.0" upper_limit="18.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="3.8" lower_limit="-9.9" upper_limit="17.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="145"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="139"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="18.8" lower_limit="10.4" upper_limit="27.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="4.0" lower_limit="-8.6" upper_limit="16.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="5.3" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-8.7" lower_limit="-23.4" upper_limit="6.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="72"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="16"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="9.9" lower_limit="-0.6" upper_limit="20.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-15.1" lower_limit="-27.4" upper_limit="-2.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="9.0" lower_limit="1.1" upper_limit="16.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-11.1" lower_limit="-28.1" upper_limit="5.8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.5" lower_limit="-2.0" upper_limit="9.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-4.9" lower_limit="-19.5" upper_limit="9.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.6" lower_limit="-2.1" upper_limit="7.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-17.6" lower_limit="-43.7" upper_limit="8.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="191"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-3.2" lower_limit="-13.9" upper_limit="7.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-9.3" lower_limit="-54.1" upper_limit="35.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-6.4" lower_limit="-13.3" upper_limit="0.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-13.8" lower_limit="-51.5" upper_limit="23.8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate AST was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate AST was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>U/L</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="429"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="416"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="429"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="416"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="8.0" lower_limit="4.7" upper_limit="11.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-5.1" lower_limit="-15.8" upper_limit="5.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-4.6" lower_limit="-8.3" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-10.0" lower_limit="-23.4" upper_limit="3.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="309"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="289"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="13.2" lower_limit="7.7" upper_limit="18.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-11.3" lower_limit="-20.0" upper_limit="-2.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-5.2" lower_limit="-8.6" upper_limit="1.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-19.8" lower_limit="-32.2" upper_limit="-7.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="144"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="139"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-6.2" lower_limit="-15.0" upper_limit="2.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-10.8" lower_limit="-20.5" upper_limit="-1.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-16.5" lower_limit="-21.5" upper_limit="-11.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-20.6" lower_limit="-39.2" upper_limit="-1.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="72"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="16"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-12.6" lower_limit="-22.3" upper_limit="-2.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-27.2" lower_limit="-39.3" upper_limit="-15.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-13.5" lower_limit="-22.9" upper_limit="-4.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-26.3" lower_limit="-47.7" upper_limit="-4.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-10.9" lower_limit="-14.9" upper_limit="-6.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-19.0" lower_limit="-32.0" upper_limit="-6.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-13.9" lower_limit="-18.2" upper_limit="-9.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-30.8" lower_limit="-60.8" upper_limit="-0.7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="191"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-10.8" lower_limit="-16.3" upper_limit="-5.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-26.3" lower_limit="-58.0" upper_limit="5.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-15.8" lower_limit="-23.3" upper_limit="-8.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-22.2" lower_limit="-50.7" upper_limit="6.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein (CRP)</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate CRP was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The mITT population includes all participants by their randomized treatment assignment and baseline ordinal score. For any missing data, if results were available for visits before or after that visit, the average of the two nearest visits was imputed for all missing visits between them. If a subject died or was lost to follow-up, their last available observation was carried forward. If baseline was missing, another pre-treatment dose was used, or the earliest post-treatment dose was used.&#xD;
.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein (CRP)</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate CRP was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The mITT population includes all participants by their randomized treatment assignment and baseline ordinal score. For any missing data, if results were available for visits before or after that visit, the average of the two nearest visits was imputed for all missing visits between them. If a subject died or was lost to follow-up, their last available observation was carried forward. If baseline was missing, another pre-treatment dose was used, or the earliest post-treatment dose was used.&#xD;
.</population>
          <units>mg/L</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="432"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="429"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-44.3" lower_limit="-52.4" upper_limit="-36.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-46.6" lower_limit="-73.0" upper_limit="-20.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-40.0" lower_limit="-45.9" upper_limit="-34.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-37.6" lower_limit="-68.8" upper_limit="-6.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-59.0" lower_limit="-69.2" upper_limit="-48.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-55.6" lower_limit="-87.0" upper_limit="-24.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-58.2" lower_limit="-67.0" upper_limit="-49.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-40.5" lower_limit="-76.7" upper_limit="-4.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-63.8" lower_limit="-72.6" upper_limit="-55.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-57.4" lower_limit="-96.3" upper_limit="-18.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-63.3" lower_limit="-72.7" upper_limit="-53.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-69.3" lower_limit="-104.8" upper_limit="-33.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-65.6" lower_limit="-75.3" upper_limit="-56.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-36.0" lower_limit="-69.6" upper_limit="-2.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-66.6" lower_limit="-76.3" upper_limit="-56.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-75.6" lower_limit="-107.0" upper_limit="-44.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-66.6" lower_limit="-76.4" upper_limit="-56.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-27.8" lower_limit="-71.6" upper_limit="16.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-65.6" lower_limit="-75.4" upper_limit="-55.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-72.1" lower_limit="-106.0" upper_limit="-38.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-69.2" lower_limit="-79.6" upper_limit="-58.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-46.5" lower_limit="-91.8" upper_limit="-1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-70.2" lower_limit="-81.3" upper_limit="-59.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-76.8" lower_limit="-110.0" upper_limit="-43.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Creatinine</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate serum creatinine was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Creatinine</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate serum creatinine was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>mg/dL</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="431"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="420"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="431"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="420"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.076" lower_limit="-0.098" upper_limit="-0.054"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.054" lower_limit="-0.242" upper_limit="0.349"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.069" lower_limit="-0.102" upper_limit="-0.036"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.074" lower_limit="-0.169" upper_limit="0.021"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="311"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="292"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.122" lower_limit="-0.160" upper_limit="-0.084"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.121" lower_limit="-0.219" upper_limit="0.461"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.077" lower_limit="-0.109" upper_limit="-0.046"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.050" lower_limit="-0.174" upper_limit="0.074"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="146"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="139"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.144" lower_limit="-0.209" upper_limit="-0.078"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.415" lower_limit="-0.261" upper_limit="1.091"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.109" lower_limit="-0.195" upper_limit="-0.023"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.005" lower_limit="-0.141" upper_limit="0.151"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="75"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="16"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.205" lower_limit="-0.315" upper_limit="-0.095"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.361" lower_limit="-0.359" upper_limit="1.081"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.103" lower_limit="-0.168" upper_limit="-0.038"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.004" lower_limit="-0.170" upper_limit="0.162"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="181"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.049" lower_limit="-0.101" upper_limit="-0.003"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.099" lower_limit="-0.229" upper_limit="0.427"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.057" lower_limit="-0.095" upper_limit="-0.020"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.178" lower_limit="-0.278" upper_limit="0.633"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="194"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.075" lower_limit="-0.161" upper_limit="0.011"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.182" lower_limit="-0.307" upper_limit="-0.057"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.029" lower_limit="-0.070" upper_limit="-0.012"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.140" lower_limit="-0.683" upper_limit="0.963"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in D-dimer Concentration</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate d-dimer concentration was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge.</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The mITT population includes all participants by their randomized treatment assignment and baseline ordinal score. For any missing data, if results were available for visits before or after that visit, the average of the two nearest visits was imputed for all missing visits between them. If a subject died or was lost to follow-up, their last available observation was carried forward. If baseline was missing, another pre-treatment dose was used, or the earliest post-treatment dose was used.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in D-dimer Concentration</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate d-dimer concentration was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge.</description>
          <population>The mITT population includes all participants by their randomized treatment assignment and baseline ordinal score. For any missing data, if results were available for visits before or after that visit, the average of the two nearest visits was imputed for all missing visits between them. If a subject died or was lost to follow-up, their last available observation was carried forward. If baseline was missing, another pre-treatment dose was used, or the earliest post-treatment dose was used.</population>
          <units>mg/L fibrinogen-equivalent units (FEU)</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="421"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="422"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.4" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.2" lower_limit="-10.4" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.1" lower_limit="-0.3" upper_limit="0.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.5" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="1.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-4.0" lower_limit="-19.6" upper_limit="11.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="-0.2" upper_limit="0.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.8" lower_limit="-0.8" upper_limit="2.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-9.9" lower_limit="-23.4" upper_limit="3.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="-0.2" upper_limit="0.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="-1.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-10.9" lower_limit="-24.5" upper_limit="2.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.1" lower_limit="-0.3" upper_limit="0.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.3" lower_limit="-1.2" upper_limit="0.7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="0.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-9.1" lower_limit="-23.1" upper_limit="4.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.1" lower_limit="-0.4" upper_limit="0.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.3" lower_limit="-1.2" upper_limit="0.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.1" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="0.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-8.9" lower_limit="-23.2" upper_limit="5.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.1" lower_limit="-0.4" upper_limit="0.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.4" lower_limit="-1.3" upper_limit="0.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate hemoglobin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate hemoglobin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>grams/deciliter (g/dL)</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.19" lower_limit="-0.28" upper_limit="-0.10"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.14" lower_limit="-0.49" upper_limit="0.22"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.20" lower_limit="-0.29" upper_limit="-0.10"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.10" lower_limit="-1.10" upper_limit="0.90"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="310"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="292"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.04" lower_limit="-0.17" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.47" lower_limit="-0.90" upper_limit="-0.04"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.13" lower_limit="-0.27" upper_limit="0.00"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.81" lower_limit="-1.19" upper_limit="-0.44"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="145"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="138"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.34" lower_limit="-0.57" upper_limit="-0.11"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-1.13" lower_limit="-1.70" upper_limit="-0.57"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.29" lower_limit="-0.50" upper_limit="-0.08"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.01" lower_limit="-1.49" upper_limit="-0.53"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="75"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.71" lower_limit="-1.08" upper_limit="-0.33"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-1.98" lower_limit="-2.87" upper_limit="-1.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.47" lower_limit="-0.79" upper_limit="-0.15"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.32" lower_limit="-2.27" upper_limit="-0.37"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.58" lower_limit="-0.81" upper_limit="-0.36"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-3.18" lower_limit="-4.22" upper_limit="-2.13"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.43" lower_limit="-0.68" upper_limit="-0.18"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-2.65" lower_limit="-3.87" upper_limit="-1.44"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="193"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.39" lower_limit="-0.60" upper_limit="-0.17"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-3.89" lower_limit="-5.55" upper_limit="-2.23"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.13" lower_limit="-0.37" upper_limit="0.11"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.15" lower_limit="-5.12" upper_limit="2.82"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR)</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate INR was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR)</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate INR was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>ratio</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="386"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="30"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="376"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="28"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="386"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="30"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="376"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="28"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.03" lower_limit="-0.09" upper_limit="0.03"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.05" lower_limit="0.01" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.07" lower_limit="0.01" upper_limit="0.14"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.08" lower_limit="-0.31" upper_limit="0.16"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="269"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="28"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="268"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="28"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.03" lower_limit="-0.11" upper_limit="0.04"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.02" lower_limit="-0.03" upper_limit="0.07"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.09" lower_limit="0.04" upper_limit="0.15"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.08" lower_limit="-0.32" upper_limit="0.16"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="130"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="25"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="125"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="19"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.07" lower_limit="-0.19" upper_limit="0.05"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.01" lower_limit="-0.06" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.04" lower_limit="-0.09" upper_limit="0.17"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.02" lower_limit="-0.06" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="63"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="18"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="87"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.05" lower_limit="-0.14" upper_limit="0.24"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.02" lower_limit="-0.07" upper_limit="0.12"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.06" lower_limit="-0.01" upper_limit="0.13"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.05" lower_limit="-0.07" upper_limit="0.16"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="166"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="18"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="170"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="12"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.09" lower_limit="-0.17" upper_limit="-0.01"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.02" lower_limit="-0.07" upper_limit="0.12"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.09" lower_limit="-0.18" upper_limit="0.00"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.01" lower_limit="-0.16" upper_limit="0.18"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="174"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="7"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="162"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.07" lower_limit="-0.13" upper_limit="0.00"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.00" lower_limit="-0.22" upper_limit="0.22"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.10" lower_limit="-0.20" upper_limit="0.00"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.11" lower_limit="-0.31" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Platelets</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate platelets was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed overall and by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Platelets</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate platelets was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed overall and by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="417"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="417"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="46.5" lower_limit="41.7" upper_limit="51.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="38.4" lower_limit="12.7" upper_limit="64.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="57.6" lower_limit="52.7" upper_limit="62.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="58.8" lower_limit="40.2" upper_limit="77.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="310"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="292"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="82.1" lower_limit="73.7" upper_limit="90.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="63.9" lower_limit="29.7" upper_limit="98.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="97.8" lower_limit="89.6" upper_limit="106.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="82.2" lower_limit="52.6" upper_limit="111.7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="145"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="137"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="96.8" lower_limit="77.6" upper_limit="116.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="45.2" lower_limit="2.2" upper_limit="88.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="126.8" lower_limit="110.4" upper_limit="143.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="92.0" lower_limit="44.1" upper_limit="140.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="75"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="70.9" lower_limit="48.2" upper_limit="93.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="20.0" lower_limit="-37.4" upper_limit="77.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="98.9" lower_limit="78.9" upper_limit="118.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="61.2" lower_limit="16.3" upper_limit="106.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="177"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="29.4" lower_limit="11.6" upper_limit="47.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-40.0" lower_limit="-103.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="33.3" lower_limit="18.3" upper_limit="48.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-14.5" lower_limit="-66.3" upper_limit="37.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="192"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="56.7" lower_limit="43.0" upper_limit="70.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="52.4" lower_limit="-72.0" upper_limit="176.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="52.3" lower_limit="38.5" upper_limit="66.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="4.5" lower_limit="-95.6" upper_limit="104.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate total bilirubin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate total bilirubin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>mg/dL</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="429"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="429"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.08" lower_limit="-0.10" upper_limit="-0.06"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.07" lower_limit="-0.02" upper_limit="0.17"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.07" lower_limit="-0.09" upper_limit="-0.05"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.03" lower_limit="-0.05" upper_limit="0.11"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="310"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="291"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.07" lower_limit="-0.10" upper_limit="-0.03"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.03" lower_limit="-0.05" upper_limit="0.11"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.00" lower_limit="-0.04" upper_limit="0.03"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.02" lower_limit="-0.07" upper_limit="0.11"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="145"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="28"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="139"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.03" lower_limit="-0.09" upper_limit="0.02"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.10" lower_limit="0.02" upper_limit="0.19"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.04" lower_limit="-0.01" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.04" lower_limit="-0.03" upper_limit="0.12"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="71"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="16"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.00" lower_limit="-0.08" upper_limit="0.09"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.16" lower_limit="-0.01" upper_limit="0.34"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.09" lower_limit="0.01" upper_limit="0.17"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.01" lower_limit="-0.14" upper_limit="0.11"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="180"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.09" lower_limit="0.02" upper_limit="0.15"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.34" lower_limit="0.03" upper_limit="0.65"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.03" lower_limit="-0.01" upper_limit="0.08"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.13" lower_limit="-0.22" upper_limit="0.47"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="190"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.01" lower_limit="-0.05" upper_limit="0.03"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.01" lower_limit="-0.30" upper_limit="0.32"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.06" lower_limit="-0.11" upper_limit="-0.01"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.03" lower_limit="-0.21" upper_limit="0.28"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (WBC)</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate WBC was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (WBC)</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate WBC was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="430"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="34"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="418"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.166" lower_limit="-0.437" upper_limit="0.106"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.255" lower_limit="-0.823" upper_limit="1.333"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.720" lower_limit="0.446" upper_limit="0.994"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.856" lower_limit="-0.800" upper_limit="2.512"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="310"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="32"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="292"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.486" lower_limit="0.109" upper_limit="0.863"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.434" lower_limit="-0.970" upper_limit="1.839"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.894" lower_limit="1.496" upper_limit="2.293"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.908" lower_limit="-1.047" upper_limit="2.864"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="145"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="29"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="138"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.037" lower_limit="0.449" upper_limit="1.626"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3.062" lower_limit="1.010" upper_limit="5.115"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="3.529" lower_limit="2.834" upper_limit="4.224"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="3.261" lower_limit="0.890" upper_limit="5.632"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="75"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="22"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="94"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.145" lower_limit="1.878" upper_limit="4.411"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="4.420" lower_limit="1.436" upper_limit="7.404"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="3.646" lower_limit="2.659" upper_limit="4.632"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="3.153" lower_limit="0.065" upper_limit="6.240"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="179"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.649" lower_limit="-0.015" upper_limit="1.314"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3.030" lower_limit="-0.186" upper_limit="6.246"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.211" lower_limit="0.592" upper_limit="1.830"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="1.562" lower_limit="-1.396" upper_limit="4.519"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="193"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.470" lower_limit="-1.157" upper_limit="0.217"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.472" lower_limit="-4.070" upper_limit="3.126"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.294" lower_limit="-0.890" upper_limit="0.302"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-2.123" lower_limit="-7.210" upper_limit="2.963"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Neutrophils</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate neutrophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Neutrophils</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate neutrophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="421"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="408"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="421"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="408"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.622" lower_limit="-0.880" upper_limit="-0.365"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.324" lower_limit="-1.346" upper_limit="0.698"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.329" lower_limit="0.062" upper_limit="0.596"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.479" lower_limit="-1.022" upper_limit="1.981"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="303"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="286"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.307" lower_limit="-0.678" upper_limit="0.064"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.123" lower_limit="-1.439" upper_limit="1.192"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.096" lower_limit="0.702" upper_limit="1.489"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.323" lower_limit="-1.437" upper_limit="2.083"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="143"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="27"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="134"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.187" lower_limit="-0.401" upper_limit="0.776"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.712" lower_limit="0.108" upper_limit="3.316"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.583" lower_limit="1.913" upper_limit="3.252"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.312" lower_limit="0.090" upper_limit="4.534"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="71"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="90"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.069" lower_limit="0.770" upper_limit="3.368"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3.419" lower_limit="0.837" upper_limit="6.002"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.612" lower_limit="1.634" upper_limit="3.590"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="1.146" lower_limit="-1.269" upper_limit="3.561"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="176"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.383" lower_limit="-1.018" upper_limit="0.251"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.311" lower_limit="-1.617" upper_limit="4.238"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.165" lower_limit="-0.429" upper_limit="0.758"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.004" lower_limit="-2.582" upper_limit="2.574"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="191"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.779" lower_limit="-2.387" upper_limit="-1.171"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-1.867" lower_limit="-5.061" upper_limit="1.327"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.492" lower_limit="-2.053" upper_limit="-0.930"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-3.317" lower_limit="-7.447" upper_limit="0.814"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Lymphoctyes</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate lymphocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Lymphoctyes</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate lymphocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="421"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="408"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="421"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="408"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.301" lower_limit="0.250" upper_limit="0.352"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.237" lower_limit="0.058" upper_limit="0.416"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.227" lower_limit="0.128" upper_limit="0.326"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.137" lower_limit="-0.004" upper_limit="0.277"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="303"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="286"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.492" lower_limit="0.417" upper_limit="0.568"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.289" lower_limit="0.093" upper_limit="0.484"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.470" lower_limit="0.392" upper_limit="0.548"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.242" lower_limit="0.009" upper_limit="0.475"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="143"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="27"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="135"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.390" lower_limit="0.297" upper_limit="0.484"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.281" lower_limit="0.104" upper_limit="0.458"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.404" lower_limit="0.263" upper_limit="0.544"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.377" lower_limit="0.101" upper_limit="0.653"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="71"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="90"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.536" lower_limit="0.352" upper_limit="0.719"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.347" lower_limit="0.146" upper_limit="0.548"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.486" lower_limit="0.356" upper_limit="0.617"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.867" lower_limit="0.186" upper_limit="1.547"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="177"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.655" lower_limit="0.558" upper_limit="0.753"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.384" lower_limit="0.131" upper_limit="0.637"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.679" lower_limit="0.557" upper_limit="0.801"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.642" lower_limit="0.223" upper_limit="1.061"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="191"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.863" lower_limit="0.773" upper_limit="0.953"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.575" lower_limit="0.264" upper_limit="0.885"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.909" lower_limit="0.823" upper_limit="0.994"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.873" lower_limit="0.535" upper_limit="1.211"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Monocytes</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate monocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Monocytes</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate monocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="420"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="407"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="420"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="407"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="31"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.157" lower_limit="0.131" upper_limit="0.184"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.112" lower_limit="0.010" upper_limit="0.215"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.127" lower_limit="0.099" upper_limit="0.155"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.179" lower_limit="0.040" upper_limit="0.318"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="303"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="285"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.229" lower_limit="0.193" upper_limit="0.266"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.136" lower_limit="-0.006" upper_limit="0.277"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.212" lower_limit="0.173" upper_limit="0.252"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.172" lower_limit="-0.019" upper_limit="0.362"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="143"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="27"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="134"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.301" lower_limit="0.244" upper_limit="0.359"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.147" lower_limit="0.021" upper_limit="0.273"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.311" lower_limit="0.229" upper_limit="0.392"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.348" lower_limit="0.155" upper_limit="0.541"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="71"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="90"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.381" lower_limit="0.262" upper_limit="0.500"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.365" lower_limit="0.144" upper_limit="0.585"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.403" lower_limit="0.303" upper_limit="0.503"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.333" lower_limit="-0.022" upper_limit="0.689"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="177"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.207" lower_limit="0.152" upper_limit="0.262"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.107" lower_limit="-0.047" upper_limit="0.260"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.212" lower_limit="0.143" upper_limit="0.280"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.262" lower_limit="0.077" upper_limit="0.447"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="191"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="6"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.131" lower_limit="0.085" upper_limit="0.176"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.310" lower_limit="0.057" upper_limit="0.563"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.114" lower_limit="0.069" upper_limit="0.160"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.015" lower_limit="-0.807" upper_limit="0.838"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Basophils</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate basophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Basophils</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate basophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="417"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="405"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="417"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="405"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.000" lower_limit="-0.004" upper_limit="0.003"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.003" lower_limit="-0.003" upper_limit="0.008"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.001" lower_limit="-0.002" upper_limit="0.005"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.002" lower_limit="-0.014" upper_limit="0.018"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="301"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="284"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="29"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.002" lower_limit="-0.002" upper_limit="0.006"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.011" lower_limit="0.001" upper_limit="0.021"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.009" lower_limit="0.001" upper_limit="0.018"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.003" lower_limit="-0.008" upper_limit="0.015"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="143"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="27"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="134"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="20"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.015" lower_limit="0.000" upper_limit="0.030"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.004" lower_limit="-0.004" upper_limit="0.012"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.010" lower_limit="0.001" upper_limit="0.018"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.007" lower_limit="-0.001" upper_limit="0.014"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="70"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="90"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.009" lower_limit="0.000" upper_limit="0.019"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.022" lower_limit="0.000" upper_limit="0.044"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.016" lower_limit="0.009" upper_limit="0.023"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.015" lower_limit="0.006" upper_limit="0.024"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="176"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.021" lower_limit="0.014" upper_limit="0.028"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.007" lower_limit="-0.004" upper_limit="0.018"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.027" lower_limit="0.021" upper_limit="0.034"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.022" lower_limit="0.004" upper_limit="0.039"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="190"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.027" lower_limit="0.019" upper_limit="0.035"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.049" lower_limit="0.013" upper_limit="0.085"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.031" lower_limit="0.024" upper_limit="0.039"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.028" lower_limit="-0.017" upper_limit="0.074"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change From Baseline in Eosinophils</title>
        <description>Blood to evaluate eosinophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change From Baseline in Eosinophils</title>
          <description>Blood to evaluate eosinophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all treated participants with available data at baseline and the post baseline assessment point, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>10^9 cells/liter</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="417"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="405"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="417"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="405"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.011" lower_limit="0.002" upper_limit="0.019"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.014" lower_limit="-0.001" upper_limit="0.029"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.013" lower_limit="0.007" upper_limit="0.019"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.006" lower_limit="-0.009" upper_limit="0.020"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="301"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="31"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="284"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="29"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.016" lower_limit="0.009" upper_limit="0.024"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.037" lower_limit="0.009" upper_limit="0.066"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.032" lower_limit="0.021" upper_limit="0.043"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.019" lower_limit="0.000" upper_limit="0.038"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="143"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="27"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="134"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="21"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.043" lower_limit="0.031" upper_limit="0.054"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.028" lower_limit="0.003" upper_limit="0.053"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.041" lower_limit="0.025" upper_limit="0.057"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.038" lower_limit="0.001" upper_limit="0.074"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="71"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="90"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="15"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.044" lower_limit="0.030" upper_limit="0.058"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.117" lower_limit="-0.021" upper_limit="0.254"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.063" lower_limit="0.044" upper_limit="0.082"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.105" lower_limit="0.058" upper_limit="0.151"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="176"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="178"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="13"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.116" lower_limit="0.101" upper_limit="0.132"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.135" lower_limit="0.076" upper_limit="0.194"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.130" lower_limit="0.112" upper_limit="0.147"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.166" lower_limit="0.096" upper_limit="0.235"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="190"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="175"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.189" lower_limit="0.135" upper_limit="0.243"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.291" lower_limit="0.060" upper_limit="0.521"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.172" lower_limit="0.152" upper_limit="0.192"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.199" lower_limit="0.025" upper_limit="0.374"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Change in National Early Warning Score (NEWS) From Baseline</title>
        <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome.</description>
        <time_frame>Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized with data at baseline and at each timepoint. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Change in National Early Warning Score (NEWS) From Baseline</title>
          <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized with data at baseline and at each timepoint. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>units on a scale</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.7" lower_limit="-0.9" upper_limit="-0.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="2.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.6" lower_limit="-0.8" upper_limit="-0.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.7" lower_limit="-1.7" upper_limit="0.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.1" lower_limit="-1.3" upper_limit="-0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.4" upper_limit="2.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.0" lower_limit="-1.2" upper_limit="-0.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.3" lower_limit="-2.3" upper_limit="-0.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.4" lower_limit="-1.6" upper_limit="-1.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.7" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.3" lower_limit="-1.5" upper_limit="-1.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.6" lower_limit="-2.2" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.6" lower_limit="-1.8" upper_limit="-1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.4" lower_limit="-0.2" upper_limit="3.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.4" lower_limit="-1.7" upper_limit="-1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.0" lower_limit="-2.7" upper_limit="0.7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.6" lower_limit="-1.9" upper_limit="-1.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.9" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="3.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.6" lower_limit="-1.9" upper_limit="-1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.5" lower_limit="-3.2" upper_limit="0.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 22</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.5" lower_limit="-1.8" upper_limit="-1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.6" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="3.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.6" lower_limit="-2.0" upper_limit="-1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.7" lower_limit="-3.8" upper_limit="0.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-1.7" lower_limit="-2.1" upper_limit="-1.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.9" lower_limit="-0.4" upper_limit="4.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-1.9" lower_limit="-2.2" upper_limit="-1.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-1.8" lower_limit="-3.9" upper_limit="0.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Grade 3 and 4 Clinical and/or Laboratory Adverse Events (AEs)</title>
        <description>Grade 3 AEs are defined as events that interrupt usual activities of daily living, or significantly affects clinical status, or may require intensive therapeutic intervention. Severe events are usually incapacitating. Grade 4 AEs are defined as events that are potentially life threatening.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all participants with available data post baseline, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Grade 3 and 4 Clinical and/or Laboratory Adverse Events (AEs)</title>
          <description>Grade 3 AEs are defined as events that interrupt usual activities of daily living, or significantly affects clinical status, or may require intensive therapeutic intervention. Severe events are usually incapacitating. Grade 4 AEs are defined as events that are potentially life threatening.</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all participants with available data post baseline, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="442"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="435"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="33"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="38.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="60.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="31.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="36.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O3</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Risk Difference (RD)</param_type>
            <param_value>7.2</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.9</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>13.4</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
              <group_id>O4</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Risk Difference (RD)</param_type>
            <param_value>23.6</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.0</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>43.9</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)</title>
        <description>An SAE is defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction is considered serious if, in the view of either the investigator or the sponsor, it results in death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, a persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The safety population includes all participants with available data post baseline, analyzed as treated.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)</title>
          <description>An SAE is defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction is considered serious if, in the view of either the investigator or the sponsor, it results in death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, a persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect.</description>
          <population>The safety population includes all participants with available data post baseline, analyzed as treated.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="442"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="435"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="33"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="14.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="60.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="13.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="24.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O3</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Risk Difference (RD)</param_type>
            <param_value>1.4</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>-3.2</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>6.0</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
              <group_id>O4</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Risk Difference (RD)</param_type>
            <param_value>35.8</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>12.3</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>54.2</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of Hospitalization</title>
        <description>Duration of hospitalization was determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of Hospitalization</title>
          <description>Duration of hospitalization was determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6" lower_limit="4" upper_limit="9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="28" lower_limit="9" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="6" lower_limit="4" upper_limit="10"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="10" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="17"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="438"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="28"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="435"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6" lower_limit="4" upper_limit="9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="16.5" lower_limit="8.5" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="6" lower_limit="4" upper_limit="9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="10" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="14"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation</title>
        <description>Duration of invasive ventilation was measured in days among participants who required invasive ventilation, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were on invasive ventilation.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation</title>
          <description>Duration of invasive ventilation was measured in days among participants who required invasive ventilation, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were on invasive ventilation.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="20"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="21"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="28" lower_limit="15" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="23" lower_limit="14" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="26.5" lower_limit="12" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="28" lower_limit="20" upper_limit="28"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="11"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="14"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="15"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="2"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="14" lower_limit="6" upper_limit="16"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="19" lower_limit="9" upper_limit="23"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="14" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="20"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="13.5" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="20"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Duration of new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen use at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were not on noninvasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen at baseline but who subsequently required non-invasive or high-flow oxygen.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Duration of new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen use at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were not on noninvasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen at baseline but who subsequently required non-invasive or high-flow oxygen.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="67"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="67"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="67"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="67"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5" lower_limit="2" upper_limit="12"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="6" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="14"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="57"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="57"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4" lower_limit="2" upper_limit="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of New Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Duration of new oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on oxygen at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were not on oxygen at baseline but who subsequently required oxygen.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of New Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Duration of new oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on oxygen at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were not on oxygen at baseline but who subsequently required oxygen.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="43"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="39"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="43"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="39"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3" lower_limit="1" upper_limit="10"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3" lower_limit="1" upper_limit="8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="41"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="39"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3" lower_limit="1" upper_limit="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3" lower_limit="1" upper_limit="8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</title>
        <description>Duration of new ventilator or ECMO use was measured in days among participants who were not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline but who subsequently required a ventilator or ECMO.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</title>
          <description>Duration of new ventilator or ECMO use was measured in days among participants who were not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline but who subsequently required a ventilator or ECMO.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="20"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="21"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="20"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="19"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="21"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="5"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="28" lower_limit="15" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="23" lower_limit="14" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="26.5" lower_limit="12" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="28" lower_limit="20" upper_limit="28"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="11"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="14"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="15"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="2"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="14" lower_limit="6" upper_limit="16"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="19" lower_limit="9" upper_limit="23"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="14" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="20"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="13.5" lower_limit="7" upper_limit="20"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of Non Invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Duration of non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to participants who required non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of Non Invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Duration of non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to participants who required non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="67"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="67"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="67"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="67"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5" lower_limit="2" upper_limit="12"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="6" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="6" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="14"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.5" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="10"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="57"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="28"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="57"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4" lower_limit="2" upper_limit="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="4" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="5" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="4" lower_limit="2" upper_limit="7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Duration of Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Duration of oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were on oxygen in based, calculated in two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were on oxygen at baseline.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Duration of oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were on oxygen in based, calculated in two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.</description>
          <population>The analysis population is restricted to randomized participants who were on oxygen at baseline.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>Inter-Quartile Range</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="368"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="380"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Including imputations for participants who died</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="368"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="380"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="22.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="28" lower_limit="15" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="7.5" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="24"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="21.5" lower_limit="9" upper_limit="28"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Among participants who did not die</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="356"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="28"/>
                    <count group_id="O3" value="367"/>
                    <count group_id="O4" value="30"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="20.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="27.5" lower_limit="14.5" upper_limit="28"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="7" lower_limit="3" upper_limit="23"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="20.5" lower_limit="9" upper_limit="28"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants With Discontinuation or Temporary Suspension of Study Product Administration</title>
        <description>Discontinuation or temporary suspension of study product administration, including participants who died or were discharged, was evaluated by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 10</time_frame>
        <population>The ITT population incudes all participants who were randomized</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants With Discontinuation or Temporary Suspension of Study Product Administration</title>
          <description>Discontinuation or temporary suspension of study product administration, including participants who died or were discharged, was evaluated by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).</description>
          <population>The ITT population incudes all participants who were randomized</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="443"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="441"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Remdesivir</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="400"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="25"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="382"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="22"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Interferon Beta-1a/Placebo</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="337"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="13"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="341"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="19"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Proportion of Participants With New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Proportion of participants with new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all Ordinal Score 4 and 5 participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Proportion of Participants With New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Proportion of participants with new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all Ordinal Score 4 and 5 participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Proportion of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="448"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.15" lower_limit="0.12" upper_limit="0.18"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.15" lower_limit="0.12" upper_limit="0.19"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Proportion of Participants With New Oxygen Use</title>
        <description>Incidence of new oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were not on oxygen at baseline.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were randomized and not on oxygen at baseline. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Proportion of Participants With New Oxygen Use</title>
          <description>Incidence of new oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were not on oxygen at baseline.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were randomized and not on oxygen at baseline. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Proportion of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="84"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="68"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.51" lower_limit="0.41" upper_limit="0.62"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.57" lower_limit="0.46" upper_limit="0.68"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Proportion of Participants With New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</title>
        <description>Incidence of new ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use was assessed among participants not on ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use at baseline.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Proportion of Participants With New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use</title>
          <description>Incidence of new ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use was assessed among participants not on ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use at baseline.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Proportion of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.04" lower_limit="0.03" upper_limit="0.07"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.54" lower_limit="0.38" upper_limit="0.70"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.05" lower_limit="0.03" upper_limit="0.07"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.15" lower_limit="0.06" upper_limit="0.30"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Mean Change From Baseline in the Ordinal Scale</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 8) Death. A positive change indicates a worsening and a negative change is an improvement.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized reporting a clinical score. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Mean Change From Baseline in the Ordinal Scale</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 8) Death. A positive change indicates a worsening and a negative change is an improvement.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized reporting a clinical score. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>units on a scale</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Day 3</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.1" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.1" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.1" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="-0.2" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 5</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.1" lower_limit="-0.1" upper_limit="0.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.3" lower_limit="0.1" upper_limit="0.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="-0.1" upper_limit="0.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.1" lower_limit="-0.3" upper_limit="0.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 8</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.2" lower_limit="-0.3" upper_limit="-0.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.3" lower_limit="-0.1" upper_limit="0.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.1" lower_limit="-0.2" upper_limit="0.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.4" lower_limit="-0.8" upper_limit="0.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 11</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-0.4" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="-0.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.1" lower_limit="-0.4" upper_limit="0.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-0.4" lower_limit="-0.5" upper_limit="-0.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-0.6" lower_limit="-1.0" upper_limit="-0.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 15</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-2.5" lower_limit="-2.7" upper_limit="-2.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-0.8" lower_limit="-1.7" upper_limit="0.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-2.5" lower_limit="-2.7" upper_limit="-2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-2.3" lower_limit="-3.0" upper_limit="-1.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 22</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-2.8" lower_limit="-2.9" upper_limit="-2.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-1.3" lower_limit="-2.3" upper_limit="-0.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-2.8" lower_limit="-2.9" upper_limit="-2.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-2.9" lower_limit="-3.7" upper_limit="-2.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Day 29</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="-2.9" lower_limit="-3.0" upper_limit="-2.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="-1.5" lower_limit="-2.5" upper_limit="-0.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="-3.0" lower_limit="-3.1" upper_limit="-2.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="-3.2" lower_limit="-4.0" upper_limit="-2.4"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants at Each Clinical Status Using Ordinal Scale at Day 15 for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Data was imputed using last observation carried forward or worst possible score based on hospitalization status (2 if not hospitalized, 7 if hospitalized) when there was a change in hospitalization status since last score. Deaths were imputed as an 8.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 15</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants at Each Clinical Status Using Ordinal Scale at Day 15 for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Data was imputed using last observation carried forward or worst possible score based on hospitalization status (2 if not hospitalized, 7 if hospitalized) when there was a change in hospitalization status since last score. Deaths were imputed as an 8.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="448"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.3" lower_limit="0.6" upper_limit="2.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.0" lower_limit="1.1" upper_limit="3.8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.2" lower_limit="1.2" upper_limit="4.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on noninvasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.1" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="2.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6.0" lower_limit="4.1" upper_limit="8.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="6.0" lower_limit="4.2" upper_limit="8.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.5" lower_limit="1.4" upper_limit="4.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.4" lower_limit="0.1" upper_limit="1.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="53.1" lower_limit="48.5" upper_limit="57.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="52.5" lower_limit="47.8" upper_limit="57.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="32.7" lower_limit="28.6" upper_limit="37.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="31.3" lower_limit="27.1" upper_limit="35.7"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 1</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 1</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="81.4" lower_limit="77.6" upper_limit="84.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="100" lower_limit="90.1" upper_limit="100"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="84.8" lower_limit="81.2" upper_limit="87.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="100" lower_limit="89.8" upper_limit="100.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="18.6" lower_limit="15.3" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="15.2" lower_limit="12.2" upper_limit="18.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 3</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 3</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 3</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="17.1" lower_limit="8.1" upper_limit="32.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.8" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6.0" lower_limit="4.1" upper_limit="8.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="80.0" lower_limit="64.1" upper_limit="90.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="6.3" lower_limit="4.4" upper_limit="8.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="85.3" lower_limit="69.9" upper_limit="93.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="74.1" lower_limit="69.9" upper_limit="77.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="73.7" lower_limit="69.4" upper_limit="77.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="18.8" lower_limit="15.5" upper_limit="22.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="18.1" lower_limit="14.8" upper_limit="21.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 5</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 5</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 5</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="2.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="37.1" lower_limit="23.2" upper_limit="53.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.7" lower_limit="1.5" upper_limit="4.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="14.7" lower_limit="6.4" upper_limit="30.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="8.4" lower_limit="6.2" upper_limit="11.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="48.6" lower_limit="33.0" upper_limit="64.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="8.7" lower_limit="6.4" upper_limit="11.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="58.8" lower_limit="42.2" upper_limit="73.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="49.1" lower_limit="44.5" upper_limit="53.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="11.4" lower_limit="4.5" upper_limit="26.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="46.2" lower_limit="41.6" upper_limit="50.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="20.6" lower_limit="10.3" upper_limit="36.8"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="26.5" lower_limit="22.7" upper_limit="30.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="26.3" lower_limit="22.5" upper_limit="30.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="1.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="13.3" lower_limit="10.5" upper_limit="16.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="15.2" lower_limit="12.2" upper_limit="18.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 8</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 8</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 8</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.7" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="18.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.7" lower_limit="1.5" upper_limit="4.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="45.7" lower_limit="30.5" upper_limit="61.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.9" lower_limit="1.7" upper_limit="4.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="11.8" lower_limit="4.7" upper_limit="26.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.4" lower_limit="2.9" upper_limit="6.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="22.9" lower_limit="12.1" upper_limit="39.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="7.4" lower_limit="5.3" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="29.4" lower_limit="16.8" upper_limit="46.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="24.1" lower_limit="20.4" upper_limit="28.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="14.3" lower_limit="6.3" upper_limit="29.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="21.0" lower_limit="17.5" upper_limit="25.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="26.5" lower_limit="14.6" upper_limit="43.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="11.9" lower_limit="9.3" upper_limit="15.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="9.8" lower_limit="7.4" upper_limit="12.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="1.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="56.0" lower_limit="51.4" upper_limit="60.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="57.8" lower_limit="53.2" upper_limit="62.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="17.6" lower_limit="8.3" upper_limit="33.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 11</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 11</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 11</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.8" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="42.9" lower_limit="28.0" upper_limit="59.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.7" lower_limit="1.5" upper_limit="4.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="11.8" lower_limit="4.7" upper_limit="26.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.9" lower_limit="1.7" upper_limit="4.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="14.3" lower_limit="6.3" upper_limit="29.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.9" lower_limit="1.7" upper_limit="4.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="14.7" lower_limit="6.4" upper_limit="30.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="10.0" lower_limit="7.5" upper_limit="13.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.7" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="18.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="12.7" lower_limit="10.0" upper_limit="16.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="26.5" lower_limit="14.6" upper_limit="43.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5.8" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="8.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="5.8" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="8.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.4" lower_limit="0.1" upper_limit="1.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="73.9" lower_limit="69.7" upper_limit="77.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="22.9" lower_limit="12.1" upper_limit="39.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="70.5" lower_limit="66.2" upper_limit="74.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="38.2" lower_limit="23.9" upper_limit="55.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.7" lower_limit="1.5" upper_limit="4.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="3.3" lower_limit="2.0" upper_limit="5.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 15</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 15</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 15</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.3" lower_limit="0.6" upper_limit="2.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="14.3" lower_limit="6.3" upper_limit="29.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.0" lower_limit="1.1" upper_limit="3.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.2" lower_limit="1.2" upper_limit="4.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="31.4" lower_limit="18.6" upper_limit="48.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.1" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="2.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.9" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="19.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6.0" lower_limit="4.1" upper_limit="8.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="11.4" lower_limit="4.5" upper_limit="26.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="6.0" lower_limit="4.2" upper_limit="8.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="23.5" lower_limit="12.4" upper_limit="40.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.5" lower_limit="1.4" upper_limit="4.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.4" lower_limit="0.1" upper_limit="1.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.9" lower_limit="0.3" upper_limit="2.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="53.1" lower_limit="48.5" upper_limit="57.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="22.9" lower_limit="12.1" upper_limit="39.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="52.5" lower_limit="47.8" upper_limit="57.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="47.1" lower_limit="31.5" upper_limit="63.3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="32.7" lower_limit="28.6" upper_limit="37.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="31.3" lower_limit="27.1" upper_limit="35.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 22</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 22</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 22</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.2" lower_limit="1.2" upper_limit="4.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="17.1" lower_limit="8.1" upper_limit="32.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.5" lower_limit="1.4" upper_limit="4.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="11.8" lower_limit="4.7" upper_limit="26.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="22.9" lower_limit="12.1" upper_limit="39.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.8" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="1.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.0" lower_limit="2.5" upper_limit="6.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="4.2" lower_limit="2.7" upper_limit="6.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.8" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.2" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="1.3"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="48.0" lower_limit="43.4" upper_limit="52.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="22.9" lower_limit="12.1" upper_limit="39.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="49.6" lower_limit="44.9" upper_limit="54.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="55.9" lower_limit="39.5" upper_limit="71.1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="41.6" lower_limit="37.1" upper_limit="46.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="20.0" lower_limit="10.0" upper_limit="35.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="40.2" lower_limit="35.7" upper_limit="44.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="17.6" lower_limit="8.3" upper_limit="33.5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 29</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 29</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.</description>
          <population>The intent-to-treat (ITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. Missing values were imputed using Last Observation Carried Forward.</population>
          <units>percentage of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Death at or before study visit</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="3.1" lower_limit="1.9" upper_limit="5.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="20.0" lower_limit="10.0" upper_limit="35.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.9" lower_limit="1.7" upper_limit="4.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="11.8" lower_limit="4.7" upper_limit="26.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on invasive mech. vent. or ECMO</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.8" lower_limit="0.9" upper_limit="3.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="17.1" lower_limit="8.1" upper_limit="32.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="1.6" lower_limit="0.8" upper_limit="3.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, on non-invasive vent./high flow O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="1.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.7" lower_limit="1.6" upper_limit="18.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2.7" lower_limit="1.5" upper_limit="4.6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.6" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="22.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="2.0" lower_limit="1.1" upper_limit="3.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not on O2, requiring ongoing care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="1.3" lower_limit="0.6" upper_limit="2.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.7" lower_limit="0.2" upper_limit="2.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="2.9" lower_limit="0.5" upper_limit="14.9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hospitalized, not requiring O2, no longer req care</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="9.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="0.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="0.0" lower_limit="0.0" upper_limit="10.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, limit on activities/req home O2</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="65.9" lower_limit="61.4" upper_limit="70.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="31.4" lower_limit="18.6" upper_limit="48.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="67.2" lower_limit="62.7" upper_limit="71.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="70.6" lower_limit="53.8" upper_limit="83.2"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities</title>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="24.6" lower_limit="20.8" upper_limit="28.7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="14.3" lower_limit="6.3" upper_limit="29.4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="25.7" lower_limit="21.8" upper_limit="29.9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="8.8" lower_limit="3.0" upper_limit="23.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>14-day Participant Mortality</title>
        <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 15. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 15</time_frame>
        <population>The ITT population consists of all participants as randomized.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>14-day Participant Mortality</title>
          <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 15. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates</description>
          <population>The ITT population consists of all participants as randomized.</population>
          <units>Proportion of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="487"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="482"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.02" lower_limit="0.01" upper_limit="0.03"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.02" lower_limit="0.01" upper_limit="0.04"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>28-day Participant Mortality</title>
        <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 29. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The ITT population consists of all participants as randomized</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>28-day Participant Mortality</title>
          <description>The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 29. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates.</description>
          <population>The ITT population consists of all participants as randomized</population>
          <units>Proportion of participants</units>
          <param>Number</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="487"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="482"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="0.05" lower_limit="0.03" upper_limit="0.07"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0.03" lower_limit="0.02" upper_limit="0.06"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Time to an Improvement of One Category Using an Ordinal Scale</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least one category was determined for each participant.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to an Improvement of One Category Using an Ordinal Scale</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least one category was determined for each participant.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="12.0" lower_limit="11.0" upper_limit="12.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="15.0" lower_limit="7.0" upper_limit="NA">If no participants reach the upper limit of 95% CI of the KM estimator at the median then the upper limit of the median time to improvement of one category can not be estimated using the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997).</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="12.0" lower_limit="11.0" upper_limit="13.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="7.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O3</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.04</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.90</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.19</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
              <group_id>O4</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.37</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.21</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>0.66</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Time to an Improvement of Two Categories Using an Ordinal Scale</title>
        <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Death; 2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 6) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 7) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 8) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least two categories was determined for each participant.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to an Improvement of Two Categories Using an Ordinal Scale</title>
          <description>The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Death; 2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 6) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 7) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 8) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least two categories was determined for each participant.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="35"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="448"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="13.0" lower_limit="NA" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. If no participants reach the upper limit of 95% CI of the KM estimator at 50%, the upper limit of the median time can not be estimated.</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="NA" lower_limit="14.0" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. If no participants reach the upper limit of 95% CI of the KM estimator at 50%, the upper limit of the median time can not be estimated. Finally, if less than 50% of subjects improve by at least two categories then the median time cannot be estimated.</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="13.0" lower_limit="NA" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. If no participants reach the upper limit of 95% CI of the KM estimator at 50%, the upper limit of the median time can not be estimated.</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="14.0" lower_limit="13.0" upper_limit="19.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O3</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.04</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.91</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.19</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
              <group_id>O4</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.44</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.24</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>0.82</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Time to Discharge or to a National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of &lt;/= 2 and Maintained for 24 Hours, Whichever Occurs First</title>
        <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome. The time to discharge or a NEWS of less than or equal to 2 was determined for each participant.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment, and restricted to those with a baseline NEWS score of 2 or greater.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O3">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O4">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Discharge or to a National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of &lt;/= 2 and Maintained for 24 Hours, Whichever Occurs First</title>
          <description>The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome. The time to discharge or a NEWS of less than or equal to 2 was determined for each participant.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment, and restricted to those with a baseline NEWS score of 2 or greater.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="356"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="33"/>
                <count group_id="O3" value="354"/>
                <count group_id="O4" value="34"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="NA" lower_limit="10.0" upper_limit="NA">If no participants reach the upper limit of 95% CI of the KM estimator at the median then the upper limit of the median time can not be estimated using the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997). Also, if less than 50% of participants discharge or reach a NEWS of &lt;/= 2 and maintain it for 24 Hours then the median time can not be estimated</measurement>
                    <measurement group_id="O3" value="4.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O4" value="9.0" lower_limit="6.0" upper_limit="11.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O3</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.08</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.93</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.26</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
              <group_id>O4</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.39</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.21</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>0.72</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Time to Recovery for Patients With a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5</title>
        <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Recovery for Patients With a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5</title>
          <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="452"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="448"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.04</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.90</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.19</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Race</title>
        <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Race</title>
          <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="487"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="482"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Asian</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="44"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="39"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="8.0" lower_limit="6.0" upper_limit="9.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="8.0" lower_limit="6.0" upper_limit="12.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Black or African American</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="76"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="84"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="4.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>White</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="299"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="285"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Other</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="68"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="74"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6.0" lower_limit="5.0" upper_limit="7.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="6.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Asian participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.92</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.59</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.45</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Black and African American participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.92</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.66</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.27</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for White participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.02</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.86</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.21</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Race of Other participants</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.84</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.59</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.19</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Ethnicity</title>
        <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized and for whom Ethnicity was reported. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Ethnicity</title>
          <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized and for whom Ethnicity was reported. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="477"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="474"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Not Hispanic or Latino</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="323"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="317"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Hispanic or Latino</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="154"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="157"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6.0" lower_limit="5.0" upper_limit="7.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="NA" upper_limit="NA">A large number of participants at the median estimate means there is little variability at the 50th percentile and the methodology described by Klein and Moeschberger (1997) is unable to compute a confidence interval. Also, if less than 50% of participants recover then the median time can not be estimated.</measurement>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Not Hispanic or Latino participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.02</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.86</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.19</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Hispanic or Latino participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.83</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.65</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.05</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Sex</title>
        <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
        <time_frame>Day 1 through Day 29</time_frame>
        <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo</title>
            <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Sex</title>
          <description>Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.</description>
          <population>The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population includes all participants who were randomized. mITT participants were classified by their randomized treatment assignment and their baseline ordinal score, which is not necessarily equivalent to the disease severity stratum to which the participant was randomized at enrollment.</population>
          <units>Days</units>
          <param>Median</param>
          <dispersion>95% Confidence Interval</dispersion>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="487"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="482"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <title>Male</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="297"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="266"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="5.0" lower_limit="5.0" upper_limit="6.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="5.0" upper_limit="6.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
            <class>
              <title>Female</title>
              <analyzed_list>
                <analyzed>
                  <units>Participants</units>
                  <scope>Class</scope>
                  <count_list>
                    <count group_id="O1" value="190"/>
                    <count group_id="O2" value="216"/>
                  </count_list>
                </analyzed>
              </analyzed_list>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="4.5" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5.0" lower_limit="4.0" upper_limit="5.0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <analysis_list>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Male participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>0.93</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.78</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.10</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
          <analysis>
            <group_id_list>
              <group_id>O1</group_id>
              <group_id>O2</group_id>
            </group_id_list>
            <groups_desc>This analysis is for Female participants.</groups_desc>
            <non_inferiority_type>Superiority</non_inferiority_type>
            <param_type>Cox Proportional Hazard</param_type>
            <param_value>1.05</param_value>
            <ci_percent>95</ci_percent>
            <ci_n_sides>2-Sided</ci_n_sides>
            <ci_lower_limit>0.86</ci_lower_limit>
            <ci_upper_limit>1.29</ci_upper_limit>
          </analysis>
        </analysis_list>
      </outcome>
    </outcome_list>

    <reported_events>
      <time_frame>Serious and Grade 3 and 4 non-serious adverse events were collected for 29 days after the first dose. Laboratory values were systematically assessed at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29. Treatment emergent and fatal AEs are reported.</time_frame>
      <desc>Given the severity of underlying illness, participants were expected to have many symptoms and abnormalities in vital signs and laboratory values. All Grade 3 and 4 AEs were captured as AEs in this trial. Grade 2 or higher, suspected drug-related hypersensitivity reaction or deep vein thrombosis of any grade was reported as an AE in this trial. All cause mortality was calculated for the ITT population, while SAEs and AEs reflect the as treated population.</desc>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="E1">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="E2">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Interferon Beta-1a in Ordinal Score 6</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="E3">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="E4">
          <title>Remdesivir Plus Placebo in Baseline Ordinal Score 6</title>
          <description>200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses in participants with a Baseline Ordinal Score of 6.</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <serious_events>
        <default_vocab>MedDRA (23.1)</default_vocab>
        <default_assessment>Non-systematic Assessment</default_assessment>
        <category_list>
          <category>
            <title>Total</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, all-cause mortality</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="14" subjects_at_risk="452"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="7" subjects_at_risk="35"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" subjects_affected="13" subjects_at_risk="448"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="34"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, serious adverse events</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="65" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="21" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" subjects_affected="58" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" subjects_affected="8" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Blood and lymphatic system disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Anaemia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Blood loss anaemia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Lymphopenia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Cardiac disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Arrhythmia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Atrial fibrillation</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cardiac failure</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cardiac failure congestive</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pulseless electrical activity</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Gastrointestinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Abdominal pain upper</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Gastric ulcer perforation</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>General disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Death</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Fatigue</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Malaise</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pyrexia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Infections and infestations</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Abscess limb</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>COVID-19 pneumonia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cellulitis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pneumonia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pneumonia pseudomonal</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pneumonia streptococcal</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Sepsis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="3" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Septic shock</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Aspergillus infection</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pneumonia bacterial</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Injury, poisoning and procedural complications</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Femur fracture</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Investigations</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Aspartate aminotransferase increased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Lymphocyte count decreased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Transaminases increased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Metabolism and nutrition disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Failure to thrive</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hyperglycaemia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Muscular weakness</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Nervous system disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cerebrovascular accident</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Dizziness</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Encephalopathy</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Haemorrhage intracranial</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Seizure</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Syncope</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Psychiatric disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Mental status changes</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Renal and urinary disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Acute kidney injury</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Renal failure</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Acute respiratory distress syndrome</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Acute respiratory failure</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="5" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="5" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cough</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Dyspnoea</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypoxia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="3" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pleural effusion</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pneumonia aspiration</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pulmonary embolism</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="3" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Respiratory disorder</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Respiratory distress</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="13" subjects_affected="13" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="5" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="5" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Respiratory failure</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="19" subjects_affected="19" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="10" subjects_affected="10" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="22" subjects_affected="21" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="3" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Diffuse alveolar damage</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Vascular disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Deep vein thrombosis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Distributive shock</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Embolism venous</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Haemorrhage</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypertensive urgency</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypotension</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Shock haemorrhagic</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
        </category_list>
      </serious_events>
      <other_events>
        <frequency_threshold>5</frequency_threshold>
        <default_vocab>MedDRA (23.1)</default_vocab>
        <default_assessment>Non-systematic Assessment</default_assessment>
        <category_list>
          <category>
            <title>Total</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, other adverse events</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="49" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="12" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" subjects_affected="45" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" subjects_affected="7" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Investigations</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Blood albumin decreased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Glomerular filtration rate decreased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="16" subjects_affected="14" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="4" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="18" subjects_affected="17" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Haemoglobin decreased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="5" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="6" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="7" subjects_affected="7" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Lymphocyte count decreased</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="33" subjects_affected="30" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="4" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="30" subjects_affected="27" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="6" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Renal and urinary disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Acute kidney injury</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="4" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="4" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Vascular disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Deep vein thrombosis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" events="1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="442"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" events="3" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="32"/>
                <counts group_id="E3" events="2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="435"/>
                <counts group_id="E4" events="0" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="31"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
        </category_list>
      </other_events>
    </reported_events>

    <certain_agreements>
      <pi_employee>Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.</pi_employee>
      <restrictive_agreement>The only disclosure restriction on the PI is that the sponsor can review results communications prior to public release and can embargo communications regarding trial results for a period that is less than or equal to 60 days. The sponsor cannot require changes to the communication and cannot extend the embargo.</restrictive_agreement>
    </certain_agreements>
    <point_of_contact>
      <name_or_title>John Beigel, MD</name_or_title>
      <organization>NIAID</organization>
      <phone>3014519881</phone>
      <email>jbeigel@niaid.nih.gov</email>
    </point_of_contact>
  </clinical_results>
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04492475
org study id: 20-0006 ACTT-3
nct id: NCT04492475
lead sponsor: 
is fda regulated drug: Yes
is fda regulated device: No
is us export: No
ACTT-3 will evaluate the combination of interferon beta-1a and remdesivir compared to
      remdesivir alone. Subjects will be assessed daily while hospitalized. If the subjects are
      discharged from the hospital, they will have a study visit at Days 15, 22, and 29. For
      discharged subjects, it is preferred that the Day 15 and 29 visits are in person to obtain
      safety laboratory tests and oropharyngeal (OP) swab and blood (serum only) samples for
      secondary research as well as clinical outcome data. However, infection control or other
      restrictions may limit the ability of the subject to return to the clinic. In this case,
      these visits may be conducted by phone, and only clinical data will be obtained. The Day 22
      visit does not have laboratory tests or collection of samples and is conducted by phone. The
      primary outcome is time to recovery by Day 29.
This study is an adaptive randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the
      safety and efficacy of novel therapeutic agents in hospitalized adults diagnosed with
      COVID-19. The study is a multicenter trial that will be conducted in up to approximately 100
      sites globally. The study will compare different investigational therapeutic agents to a
      control arm. New arms can be introduced according to scientific and public health needs.
      There will be interim monitoring to allow early stopping for futility, efficacy, or safety.
      If one therapy proves to be efficacious, then this treatment may become the control arm for
      comparison(s) with new experimental treatment(s). Any such change would be accompanied by an
      updated sample size. This adaptive platform is used to rapidly evaluate different
      therapeutics in a population of those hospitalized with moderate to severe COVID-19. The
      platform will provide a common framework sharing a similar population, design, endpoints, and
      safety oversight. New stages with new therapeutics can be introduced. One independent Data
      and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will actively monitor interim data in all stages to make
      recommendations about early study closure or changes to study arms.

      ACTT-3 will evaluate the combination of interferon beta-1a and remdesivir compared to
      remdesivir alone. Subjects will be assessed daily while hospitalized. If the subjects are
      discharged from the hospital, they will have a study visit at Days 15, 22, and 29. For
      discharged subjects, it is preferred that the Day 15 and 29 visits are in person to obtain
      safety laboratory tests and oropharyngeal (OP) swab and blood (serum only) samples for
      secondary research as well as clinical outcome data. However, infection control or other
      restrictions may limit the ability of the subject to return to the clinic. In this case,
      these visits may be conducted by phone, and only clinical data will be obtained. The Day 22
      visit does not have laboratory tests or collection of samples and is conducted by phone.

      All subjects will undergo a series of efficacy, safety, and laboratory assessments. Safety
      laboratory tests and blood (serum and plasma) research samples and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs
      will be obtained on Days 1 (prior to infusion) and Days 3, 5, 8, and 11 (while hospitalized).
      OP swabs and blood (serum only) plus safety laboratory tests will be collected on Day 15 and
      29 (if the subject attends an in-person visit or are still hospitalized).

      The primary outcome is time to recovery by Day 29 for patients with baseline ordinal score 4,
      5 and 6. A key secondary outcome evaluates treatment-related improvements in the 8-point
      ordinal scale at Day 15. Each stage may prioritize different secondary endpoints for the
      purpose of multiple comparison analyses.

      Contacts:

      20-0006 Central Contact

      Telephone: 1 (301) 7617948

      Email: DMIDClinicalTrials@niaid.nih.gov
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
measure: Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.
measure: Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Race
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.
measure: Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Ethnicity
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.
measure: Time to Recovery for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4, 5 and 6 by Sex
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.
measure: Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate ALT was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate AST was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in C-reactive Protein (CRP)
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate CRP was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Creatinine
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate serum creatinine was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The measure was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in D-dimer Concentration
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 29
description: Blood to evaluate d-dimer concentration was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge.
measure: Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate hemoglobin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Prothrombin International Normalized Ratio (INR)
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate INR was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Platelets
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate platelets was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed overall and by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate total bilirubin was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate WBC was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Neutrophils
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate neutrophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Lymphoctyes
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate lymphocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Monocytes
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate monocytes was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Basophils
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate basophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change From Baseline in Eosinophils
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 29
description: Blood to evaluate eosinophils was collected at Days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 11 while participants were inpatient, and at Days 15 and 29, with the Day 1 assessment serving as baseline. Participants who had been discharged had blood collected if infection control measures allowed for in-person visits after discharge. The outcome was assessed by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Change in National Early Warning Score (NEWS) From Baseline
time frame: Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29
description: The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Grade 3 and 4 Clinical and/or Laboratory Adverse Events (AEs)
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Grade 3 AEs are defined as events that interrupt usual activities of daily living, or significantly affects clinical status, or may require intensive therapeutic intervention. Severe events are usually incapacitating. Grade 4 AEs are defined as events that are potentially life threatening.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: An SAE is defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction is considered serious if, in the view of either the investigator or the sponsor, it results in death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, a persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect.
measure: Duration of Hospitalization
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of hospitalization was determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.
measure: Duration of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of invasive ventilation was measured in days among participants who required invasive ventilation, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die
measure: Duration of New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on non-invasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen use at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die
measure: Duration of New Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of new oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were not on oxygen at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die
measure: Duration of New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of new ventilator or ECMO use was measured in days among participants who were not on a ventilator or ECMO at baseline, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.
measure: Duration of Non Invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of non invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was measured in days, determined two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.
measure: Duration of Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Duration of oxygen use was measured in days among participants who were on oxygen in based, calculated in two ways. The first includes imputations for participants who died. The second method is restricted to participants who did not die.
measure: Number of Participants With Discontinuation or Temporary Suspension of Study Product Administration
time frame: Day 1 through Day 10
description: Discontinuation or temporary suspension of study product administration, including participants who died or were discharged, was evaluated by baseline ordinal scale category (categories 4 and 5 versus category 6).
measure: Proportion of Participants With New Non-invasive Ventilation or High Flow Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Proportion of participants with new non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5.
measure: Proportion of Participants With New Oxygen Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Incidence of new oxygen use was assessed as for participants in Ordinal Score 4 and 5 who were not on oxygen at baseline.
measure: Proportion of Participants With New Ventilator or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Use
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Incidence of new ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use was assessed among participants not on ventilator or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use at baseline.
measure: Mean Change From Baseline in the Ordinal Scale
time frame: Day 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 22, and 29
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, but new or increased limitation on activities and/or new or increased requirement for home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 8) Death. A positive change indicates a worsening and a negative change is an improvement.
measure: Percentage of Participants at Each Clinical Status Using Ordinal Scale at Day 15 for Participants With Baseline Ordinal Score 4 and 5
time frame: Day 15
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Data was imputed using last observation carried forward or worst possible score based on hospitalization status (2 if not hospitalized, 7 if hospitalized) when there was a change in hospitalization status since last score. Deaths were imputed as an 8.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 1
time frame: Day 1
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 3
time frame: Day 3
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 5
time frame: Day 5
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 8
time frame: Day 8
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 11
time frame: Day 11
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 15
time frame: Day 15
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 22
time frame: Day 22
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: Percentage of Participants Reporting Each Severity Rating on an 8 Point Ordinal Scale at Day 29
time frame: Day 29
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities.
measure: 14-day Participant Mortality
time frame: Day 1 through Day 15
description: The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 15. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates
measure: 28-day Participant Mortality
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: The mortality rate was determined as the proportion of participants who died by study Day 29. The proportions reported are Kaplan-Meier estimates.
measure: Time to an Improvement of One Category Using an Ordinal Scale
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 8) Death; 7) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 6) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 5) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 4) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least one category was determined for each participant.
measure: Time to an Improvement of Two Categories Using an Ordinal Scale
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: The ordinal scale is an assessment of the clinical status at the first assessment of a given study day. The scale is as follows: 1) Death; 2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); 3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; 4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; 5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - requiring ongoing medical care (COVID-19 related or otherwise); 6) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen - no longer requires ongoing medical care; 7) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 8) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities. Time to improvement by at least two categories was determined for each participant.
measure: Time to Discharge or to a National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of </= 2 and Maintained for 24 Hours, Whichever Occurs First
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: The NEW score has demonstrated an ability to discriminate patients at risk of poor outcomes. This score is based on 7 clinical parameters (respiration rate, oxygen saturation, any supplemental oxygen, temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, level of consciousness). The NEW Score is being used as an efficacy measure. The minimum score is 0, representing the better outcome, and the maximum value is 19, representing the worse outcome. The time to discharge or a NEWS of less than or equal to 2 was determined for each participant.
measure: Time to Recovery for Patients With a Baseline Ordinal Score of 4 and 5
time frame: Day 1 through Day 29
description: Day of recovery is defined as the first day on which the subject satisfies one of the following three categories from the ordinal scale: 1) Not hospitalized, no limitations on activities; 2) Not hospitalized, limitation on activities and/or requiring home oxygen; 3) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen and no longer requires ongoing medical care.
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a
arm group type: Experimental
description: 200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a administered by a 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Placebo
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: 200 mg of Remdesivir administered intravenously on Day 1, followed by a 100 mg once-daily maintenance dose of Remdesivir while hospitalized for up to a 10-day total course and a 0.5 mL placebo injection administered subcutaneously on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7 while hospitalized for a total of 4 doses.
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Interferon beta-1a
description: Rebif (R) is a purified 166 amino acid human interferon beta glycoprotein with an amino acid sequence identical to natural fibroblast derived human interferon beta. Each 0.5 mL prefilled syringe contains 44 mcg of interferon beta-1a, 4 mg human albumin, USP; 27.3 mg mannitol, USP; 0.4 mg sodium acetate; and water for injection, USP.
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Placebo
description: The interferon beta-1a placebo contains either 0.5 mL 0.9% normal saline or 0.5 mL sterile water for injection.
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Placebo
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Remdesivir
description: Drug Remdesivir is a single diastereomer monophosphoramidate prodrug designed for the intracellular delivery of a modified adenine nucleoside analog GS-441524. In addition to the active ingredient, the lyophilized formulation of Remdesivir contains the following inactive ingredients: water for injection, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin sodium (SBECD), and hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Interferon Beta-1a
arm group label: Remdesivir plus Placebo
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 99 Years
healthy volunteers: No
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country: Japan
country: Korea, Republic of
country: Mexico
country: Singapore
country: United States
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: COVID-19
mesh term: Interferons
mesh term: Interferon-beta
mesh term: Interferon beta-1a
mesh term: Remdesivir
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