<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04489043</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>EXPRED</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04489043</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Exercise, Prediabetes and Diabetes After Renal Transplantation.</brief_title>
  <acronym>EXPRED</acronym>
  <official_title>Exercise, Prediabetes and Diabetes After Renal Transplantation.</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Hospital Universitario de Canarias</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Instituto de Salud Carlos III</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Hospital Universitario de Canarias</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      This study is designed to evaluate the feasibility of exercise to reverse prediabetes after&#xD;
      transplantation to prevent Posttransplantation Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM).&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The hypothesis of the study is that exercise will promote the reversibility to normal glucose&#xD;
      metabolism in patients with prediabetes and eventually reduce the incidence of PTDM in renal&#xD;
      transplant. The main objective of the study is to induce the reversibility of prediabetes by&#xD;
      means of exercise. Additionally, the secondary objectives are: (a) to evaluate the compliance&#xD;
      of exercise (b) improvements in metabolic risk factors profile: obesity, triglycerides, blood&#xD;
      pressure and HDL cholesterol.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 5, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">October 1, 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 5, 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>Patients with prediabetes beyond 12 months after transplantation will be included. Prediabetes will be diagnosed based on fasting glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Patients will be treated with a stepped training intervention, starting with an aerobic exercise training (brisk walking, swimming and cycling) 5 times per week, 30 min/day. Aerobic exercise training will gradually increase to 60 min/day or in combination with anaerobic exercise training in case of persistent prediabetes. The reversibility/persistence of prediabetes will be measured with fasting glucose and OGTTs at every 3 months.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Prevention</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>After a 10-12 h overnight fast, a standard 75-g OGTT with samples taken at 0 min (glucose-insulin) and 120 minutes (glucose) will be performed at screening-baseline and after 3,6,9,12 months. Patients must be clinically stable without conditions that could induce transient hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance, i.e. infections, acute rejection, renal failure or cardiovascular disease. The presence of any of these conditions postponed the test for at least 3 months after full recovery. Also, serum and urinary samples will be taken and storage at -80 degrees.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Compliance</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>To ensure compliance, the following measures will be implemented: (a) contact by phone one time per week (at the end of the week) in the first 3 months up to the end of the study, (b) individual interview every month to reinforce lifestyle changes and follow all recommended in the exercise prescription; (c) the use of a gadget (xiaomi mi band) to see daily routines of patients and every training prescription; this analyses the time, frequency, burned calories, velocity and distance, among others, to reach the established goal by the physiotherapist.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Analitics</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>To evaluate the improvements in metabolic risk factors profile: obesity, triglycerides, blood pressure and HDL cholesterol.hemogram (hematocrit, haemoglobin, white blood count), biochemist tests: creatinine, HbA1c, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, hepatic enzymes (ASAT, ALAT), levels of immunosuppression, albumin, creatinine, albuminuria, proteinuria in an isolated urinary samples.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Test the reversibility of prediabetes</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>There is a n exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment on the reversibility of prediabetes. Thus, the persistance of recurrency of prediabetes assessed by an OGTT at intermediate time points (3, 6 and 9 months) will be checked in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Cardiorrespiratory fitness test</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPTE) will be performed in a treadmill while collecting expired gases analysis41. The test will begin at low work rates and gradually increased42 until indications to stop are perceived or volitional exhaustion. The workloads selected for participants should be designed with the aim to reach the maximal effort (peak exercise) in the 8-12 minutes interval43. During CPET maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is measured, the stronger predictor of CV risk. It is generally expressed as relative (ml/kg/min)44.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Anthropometric measures</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months</time_frame>
    <description>At baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12 months: weight in kilograms, height in meters, waist circumference, hip circumference, will be measured. Also, BMI Body mass index (BMI): weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. The cutt-off values are the standards by the WHO97.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">60</enrollment>
  <condition>Diabetes Mellitus</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Exercise and healthy life style recommendations</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>A planned exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment. An Oral Glucose Tolerant Test (OGTT) at intermediate time points in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Exercise and healthy lifestyle recommendations</intervention_name>
    <description>In the present study, renal transplant patients with proven prediabetes will do a planned exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment on the reversibility of prediabetes. Thus, the persistance of recurrency of prediabetes assessed by an Oral Glucose Tolerant Test (OGTT) at intermediate time points (3, 6 and 9 months) will be checked in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Exercise and healthy life style recommendations</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age &gt; 18 years old.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Renal transplantation: beyond 6-12 months after transplantation with stable renal&#xD;
             function&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  IFG: 100-125 mg/dl and IGT 140-199 mg/dl.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ability or capacity to perform exercise.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Clinical conditions that preclude the treatment with exercise i.e. clinical&#xD;
             instability: active infection, cancer, acute cardiovascular disease, advanced renal&#xD;
             disease, pulmonar hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe&#xD;
             reumatological disorders, arthrosis, arthritis limb amputation, etc.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Inability to understand the protocol.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Severe psychological disease.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  PTDM.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Diabetes before transplantation.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>110 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Esteban Porrini, MD, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>Hospital Universitario de Canarias</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Raul Morales Febles</last_name>
    <phone>+34 922678115</phone>
    <email>rmf1313@gmail.com</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>UICEC</name>
      <address>
        <city>La Laguna</city>
        <state>S/C De TEnerife</state>
        <zip>38320</zip>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Raul Morales Febles, Master</last_name>
      <phone>+34 922678115</phone>
      <email>rmf1313@gmail.com</email>
    </contact>
    <contact_backup>
      <last_name>Esteban Porrini, MD., PhD</last_name>
      <phone>+34 922678116</phone>
      <email>estebanporrini72@hotmail.com</email>
    </contact_backup>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Spain</country>
  </location_countries>
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  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PC, Horton ES, Castorino K, Tate DF. Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2016 Nov;39(11):2065-2079. doi: 10.2337/dc16-1728. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>27926890</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee IM, Nieman DC, Swain DP; American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Jul;43(7):1334-59. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb.</citation>
    <PMID>21694556</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Thompson PD, Arena R, Riebe D, Pescatello LS; American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's new preparticipation health screening recommendations from ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, ninth edition. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013 Jul-Aug;12(4):215-7. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31829a68cf. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>23851406</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Gordon BA, Benson AC, Bird SR, Fraser SF. Resistance training improves metabolic health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009 Feb;83(2):157-75. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2008.11.024. Epub 2009 Jan 9.</citation>
    <PMID>19135754</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Mary S, Mukesh B, Bhaskar AD, Vijay V; Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme (IDPP). The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia. 2006 Feb;49(2):289-97. doi: 10.1007/s00125-005-0097-z. Epub 2006 Jan 4.</citation>
    <PMID>16391903</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Kosaka K, Noda M, Kuzuya T. Prevention of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: a Japanese trial in IGT males. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005 Feb;67(2):152-62. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.06.010.</citation>
    <PMID>15649575</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>July 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 15, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 24, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">July 28, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 24, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 24, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">July 28, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>PreDiabetes</keyword>
  <keyword>Exercise</keyword>
  <keyword>Late post transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM)</keyword>
  <keyword>Renal transplantation</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Diabetes Mellitus</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Prediabetic State</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Glucose Intolerance</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <pending_results>
    <submitted>April 20, 2022</submitted>
    <returned>January 23, 2023</returned>
  </pending_results>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04489043
org study id: EXPRED
nct id: NCT04489043
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
This study is designed to evaluate the feasibility of exercise to reverse prediabetes after
      transplantation to prevent Posttransplantation Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM).
The hypothesis of the study is that exercise will promote the reversibility to normal glucose
      metabolism in patients with prediabetes and eventually reduce the incidence of PTDM in renal
      transplant. The main objective of the study is to induce the reversibility of prediabetes by
      means of exercise. Additionally, the secondary objectives are: (a) to evaluate the compliance
      of exercise (b) improvements in metabolic risk factors profile: obesity, triglycerides, blood
      pressure and HDL cholesterol.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
intervention model description: Patients with prediabetes beyond 12 months after transplantation will be included. Prediabetes will be diagnosed based on fasting glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Patients will be treated with a stepped training intervention, starting with an aerobic exercise training (brisk walking, swimming and cycling) 5 times per week, 30 min/day. Aerobic exercise training will gradually increase to 60 min/day or in combination with anaerobic exercise training in case of persistent prediabetes. The reversibility/persistence of prediabetes will be measured with fasting glucose and OGTTs at every 3 months.
primary purpose: Prevention
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: After a 10-12 h overnight fast, a standard 75-g OGTT with samples taken at 0 min (glucose-insulin) and 120 minutes (glucose) will be performed at screening-baseline and after 3,6,9,12 months. Patients must be clinically stable without conditions that could induce transient hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance, i.e. infections, acute rejection, renal failure or cardiovascular disease. The presence of any of these conditions postponed the test for at least 3 months after full recovery. Also, serum and urinary samples will be taken and storage at -80 degrees.
measure: Compliance
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: To ensure compliance, the following measures will be implemented: (a) contact by phone one time per week (at the end of the week) in the first 3 months up to the end of the study, (b) individual interview every month to reinforce lifestyle changes and follow all recommended in the exercise prescription; (c) the use of a gadget (xiaomi mi band) to see daily routines of patients and every training prescription; this analyses the time, frequency, burned calories, velocity and distance, among others, to reach the established goal by the physiotherapist.
measure: Analitics
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: To evaluate the improvements in metabolic risk factors profile: obesity, triglycerides, blood pressure and HDL cholesterol.hemogram (hematocrit, haemoglobin, white blood count), biochemist tests: creatinine, HbA1c, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, hepatic enzymes (ASAT, ALAT), levels of immunosuppression, albumin, creatinine, albuminuria, proteinuria in an isolated urinary samples.
measure: Test the reversibility of prediabetes
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: There is a n exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment on the reversibility of prediabetes. Thus, the persistance of recurrency of prediabetes assessed by an OGTT at intermediate time points (3, 6 and 9 months) will be checked in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.
measure: Cardiorrespiratory fitness test
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPTE) will be performed in a treadmill while collecting expired gases analysis41. The test will begin at low work rates and gradually increased42 until indications to stop are perceived or volitional exhaustion. The workloads selected for participants should be designed with the aim to reach the maximal effort (peak exercise) in the 8-12 minutes interval43. During CPET maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is measured, the stronger predictor of CV risk. It is generally expressed as relative (ml/kg/min)44.
measure: Anthropometric measures
time frame: Baseline and 3 months-12 months, every 3 months
description: At baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12 months: weight in kilograms, height in meters, waist circumference, hip circumference, will be measured. Also, BMI Body mass index (BMI): weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. The cutt-off values are the standards by the WHO97.
arm group label: Exercise and healthy life style recommendations
arm group type: Experimental
description: A planned exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment. An Oral Glucose Tolerant Test (OGTT) at intermediate time points in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Exercise and healthy lifestyle recommendations
description: In the present study, renal transplant patients with proven prediabetes will do a planned exercise programme to test the impact of this treatment on the reversibility of prediabetes. Thus, the persistance of recurrency of prediabetes assessed by an Oral Glucose Tolerant Test (OGTT) at intermediate time points (3, 6 and 9 months) will be checked in order to increase the frequency and duration of aerobic exercise and eventually to add anaerobic/resistance training.
arm group label: Exercise and healthy life style recommendations
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 110 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Esteban Porrini, MD, PhD
role: Study Director
affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Canarias
last name: Raul Morales Febles
phone: +34 922678115
email: rmf1313@gmail.com
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
contact backup: 
country: Spain
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PMID: 24484750
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citation: Seoane-Pillado MT, Pita-Fernandez S, Valdes-Canedo F, Seijo-Bestilleiro R, Pertega-Diaz S, Fernandez-Rivera C, Alonso-Hernandez A, Gonzalez-Martin C, Balboa-Barreiro V. Incidence of cardiovascular events and associated risk factors in kidney transplant patients: a competing risks survival analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017 Mar 7;17(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12872-017-0505-6.
PMID: 28270107
citation: Dahle DO, Grotmol T, Leivestad T, Hartmann A, Midtvedt K, Reisaeter AV, Mjoen G, Pihlstrom HK, Naess H, Holdaas H. Association Between Pretransplant Cancer and Survival in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantation. 2017 Oct;101(10):2599-2605. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000001659.
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citation: Wauters RP, Cosio FG, Suarez Fernandez ML, Kudva Y, Shah P, Torres VE. Cardiovascular consequences of new-onset hyperglycemia after kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 2012 Aug 27;94(4):377-82. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182584831.
PMID: 22820698
citation: Sharif A, Hecking M, de Vries AP, Porrini E, Hornum M, Rasoul-Rockenschaub S, Berlakovich G, Krebs M, Kautzky-Willer A, Schernthaner G, Marchetti P, Pacini G, Ojo A, Takahara S, Larsen JL, Budde K, Eller K, Pascual J, Jardine A, Bakker SJ, Valderhaug TG, Jenssen TG, Cohney S, Saemann MD. Proceedings from an international consensus meeting on posttransplantation diabetes mellitus: recommendations and future directions. Am J Transplant. 2014 Sep;14(9):1992-2000. doi: 10.1111/ajt.12850. Epub 2014 Aug 6.
PMID: 25307034
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citation: Porrini EL, Diaz JM, Moreso F, Delgado Mallen PI, Silva Torres I, Ibernon M, Bayes-Genis B, Benitez-Ruiz R, Lampreabe I, Lauzurrica R, Osorio JM, Osuna A, Dominguez-Rollan R, Ruiz JC, Jimenez-Sosa A, Gonzalez-Rinne A, Marrero-Miranda D, Macia M, Garcia J, Torres A. Clinical evolution of post-transplant diabetes mellitus. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016 Mar;31(3):495-505. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv368. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
PMID: 26538615
citation: Hagen M, Hjelmesaeth J, Jenssen T, Morkrid L, Hartmann A. A 6-year prospective study on new onset diabetes mellitus, insulin release and insulin sensitivity in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Oct;18(10):2154-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfg338.
PMID: 13679495
citation: Torres A, Hernandez D, Moreso F, Seron D, Burgos MD, Pallardo LM, Kanter J, Diaz Corte C, Rodriguez M, Diaz JM, Silva I, Valdes F, Fernandez-Rivera C, Osuna A, Gracia Guindo MC, Gomez Alamillo C, Ruiz JC, Marrero Miranda D, Perez-Tamajon L, Rodriguez A, Gonzalez-Rinne A, Alvarez A, Perez-Carreno E, de la Vega Prieto MJ, Henriquez F, Gallego R, Salido E, Porrini E. Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Impact of Tacrolimus Versus Cyclosporine on the Incidence of Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus. Kidney Int Rep. 2018 Jul 11;3(6):1304-1315. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2018.07.009. eCollection 2018 Nov.
PMID: 30450457
citation: Hur KY, Kim MS, Kim YS, Kang ES, Nam JH, Kim SH, Nam CM, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Kim SI, Lee HC. Risk factors associated with the onset and progression of posttransplantation diabetes in renal allograft recipients. Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar;30(3):609-15. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1277.
PMID: 17327329
citation: Porrini E, Moreno JM, Osuna A, Benitez R, Lampreabe I, Diaz JM, Silva I, Dominguez R, Gonzalez-Cotorruelo J, Bayes B, Lauzurica R, Ibernon M, Moreso F, Delgado P, Torres A. Prediabetes in patients receiving tacrolimus in the first year after kidney transplantation: a prospective and multicenter study. Transplantation. 2008 Apr 27;85(8):1133-8. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e31816b16bd.
PMID: 18431233
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PMID: 19667949
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PMID: 24911157
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citation: Bushman B. Promoting exercise as medicine for prediabetes and prehypertension. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014 Jul-Aug;13(4):233-9. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000066.
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citation: Wahid A, Manek N, Nichols M, Kelly P, Foster C, Webster P, Kaur A, Friedemann Smith C, Wilkins E, Rayner M, Roberts N, Scarborough P. Quantifying the Association Between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Sep 14;5(9):e002495. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002495.
PMID: 27628572
citation: Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PC, Horton ES, Castorino K, Tate DF. Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2016 Nov;39(11):2065-2079. doi: 10.2337/dc16-1728. No abstract available.
PMID: 27926890
citation: Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee IM, Nieman DC, Swain DP; American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Jul;43(7):1334-59. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb.
PMID: 21694556
citation: Thompson PD, Arena R, Riebe D, Pescatello LS; American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's new preparticipation health screening recommendations from ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, ninth edition. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013 Jul-Aug;12(4):215-7. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31829a68cf. No abstract available.
PMID: 23851406
citation: Gordon BA, Benson AC, Bird SR, Fraser SF. Resistance training improves metabolic health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009 Feb;83(2):157-75. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2008.11.024. Epub 2009 Jan 9.
PMID: 19135754
citation: Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Mary S, Mukesh B, Bhaskar AD, Vijay V; Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme (IDPP). The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia. 2006 Feb;49(2):289-97. doi: 10.1007/s00125-005-0097-z. Epub 2006 Jan 4.
PMID: 16391903
citation: Kosaka K, Noda M, Kuzuya T. Prevention of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: a Japanese trial in IGT males. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005 Feb;67(2):152-62. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.06.010.
PMID: 15649575
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Diabetes Mellitus
mesh term: Prediabetic State
mesh term: Glucose Intolerance
sharing ipd: No
submitted: April 20, 2022
returned: January 23, 2023