<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04412343</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>H20-01515</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04412343</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>The Seniors COvid-19 Pandemic and Exercise Study</brief_title>
  <acronym>SCOPE</acronym>
  <official_title>The Seniors COvid-19 Pandemic and Exercise Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of British Columbia</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of Victoria</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of British Columbia</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The purpose of this study is to evaluate different types of exercise programs (virtual&#xD;
      group-based exercise program; personal exercise program; wait-list control) across 12-weeks&#xD;
      on the physical and mental health of older adults during the current Covid-19 pandemic.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">May 23, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">October 5, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">October 5, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Prevention</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    <masking_description>No experimenter or investigator expectancy effects as all assessment occurs online (i.e., online questionnaire). Personnel who analyze the data collected from the study are not aware of the treatment applied to any given group.</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Well-Being (Psychological Flourishing)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>Well-being will be self reported using an 8-item measure from Diener et al., 2010</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Life Satisfaction</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>1-item question by Fleeson, 2004</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Stress</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>1 Item Statistics Canada Stress Question from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2012)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Depression</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>10 Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) via Andresen et al., 1994</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Resilience</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>6 item Brief Resilience Scale by Smith et al., 2008</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Social Identification</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>items adapted from the 4-item scale by Doosje et al., 1995</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Social and Emotional Lonliness</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>11-item scale by De Jong Gierveld et al., 2006</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Chronic Illness (Physical Health)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0)</time_frame>
    <description>question by Charles et al., 2006 adapted from Larsen et al., 1991</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Weekly Somatic Symptoms (Physical Health)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>question by Charles et al., 2006 adapted from Marmot et al., 1997</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Leisure-time physical activity</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>modified version of the Leisure Score Index (LSI; Courneya, Jones, Rhodes, &amp; Blanchard, 2004) that has been applied to Godin's Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ; Godin &amp; Shepard, 1985).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Alcohol Habits</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>3-item measure for alcohol consumption from CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire, 1984-2019</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Physical Adherence</measure>
    <time_frame>Looked at each day of the week for 12 weeks to see if a session was attended</time_frame>
    <description>Objective measure of attendance in online sessions (interventions conditions only)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Affective Attitudes</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)</time_frame>
    <description>3 semantic differential items toward physical activity using scale by Azjen, 2006</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Demographics</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline only (Week 0)</time_frame>
    <description>Items addressing sex/gender, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, chronic conditions, smoking behaviour, height, weight, education level, household income level, employment status, marital status, and living situation (i.e., alone vs. others).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>3</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">241</enrollment>
  <condition>Well-Being (Psychological Flourishing)</condition>
  <condition>Depression</condition>
  <condition>Quality of Life</condition>
  <condition>Loneliness</condition>
  <condition>Physical Activity</condition>
  <condition>Social Identification</condition>
  <condition>Physical Health</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Virtual group exercise</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Individuals in the (virtual) group-based exercise program, will have the opportunity to take part in (virtual) group exercise classes, delivered via videoconferencing, by experienced older adult exercise instructors. Personnel who analyze the data collected from the study are not aware of the treatment applied to any given group. Classes will be offered multiple days a week at 9am PST (12 noon EST), and will last approximately 50 minutes. Classes include a warm-up component, moderate intensity exercises as the core component of the class, and a cool-down. At the end of classes participants will have the opportunity to connect in small groups (videoconferencing breakout groups) to socially connect over a beverage (coffee, water) from their own homes. Participants in the group condition will also be sent, by mail, a program t-shirt to foster a sense of distinctiveness.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Personal exercise</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Each of the older adult instructors described above will also contribute to delivering pre-recorded exercise classes (involving the same exercises, intensity, music, and so forth as those described above for the group condition). However, in this instance, instructors will deliver those classes to each participant by referring to themselves as each participant's personal trainer/coach, with language directed to the individual and not the group. That is, no sense of 'groupness' or 'shared social identities/connectivity' will be primed. Also, participants in this condition will not have the opportunity to interact with other older adults after classes have ended and will not receive the same program t-shirts designed to foster a sense of group distinctiveness.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Wait-list control</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>Those randomized to the wait-list control condition will go about their daily lives for the duration of the 12-week trial. They will be asked to complete the same questionnaires (and will be remunerated in the same way as those in the other two conditions via $10 per questionnaire completion). At the end of the 12-week trial, participants in this condition will have access to the personal exercise programming.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Virtual Group Intervention</intervention_name>
    <description>Participants will receive weekly exercise courses delivered virtually to a group of older adults. This intervention will last for 12 weeks. Participants in addition to participating in exercise will have designated time after each exercise class to socially connect. Participants in this condition will also receive a t-shirt.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Virtual group exercise</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Personal Exercise Intervention</intervention_name>
    <description>Participants will receive weekly exercise courses delivered virtually. These classes will be pre-recorded so the individual can complete sessions at any time that is convenient for them.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Personal exercise</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  65+ years old&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  be able to speak and read English&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  one participant in the study per household (Spouses, significant others, or family&#xD;
             members can take part in the exercise programs with the study participant; however,&#xD;
             they will not be able to provide data and won't be remunerated for participating)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  not experience any contraindication which might prevent that person from participating&#xD;
             in moderate-intensity physical activity.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  participants must be able to access the internet at home via a personal smartphone,&#xD;
             tablet (e.g., ipad), or computer (device used must have camera capabilities)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  low active individuals (i.e., less than 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical&#xD;
             activity per week)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  currently living in Canada&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  age of less than 65 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  unable to read and speak in English&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  inability to participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (including a lack&#xD;
             of ability to receive doctor's clearance for participating in physical activity)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  lack of internet access which does not allow them to access online materials&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  device used to access the internet does not have a camera/video capabilities&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  active individuals (e.g., participate in greater than 150 minutes of&#xD;
             moderate-to-vigorous physical activity each week)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  living outside Canada&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  not the first person from a household to enroll in the study&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>65 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Mark R Beauchamp, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of British Columbia</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of British Columbia</name>
      <address>
        <city>Vancouver</city>
        <state>British Columbia</state>
        <zip>V6T 1Z1</zip>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Canada</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., &amp; Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social indicators research, 97(2), 143-156.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, Patrick DL. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Am J Prev Med. 1994 Mar-Apr;10(2):77-84.</citation>
    <PMID>8037935</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>De Jong Gierveld, J, Tilburg, TV. A 6-Item Scale for Overall, Emotional, and Social Loneliness: Confirmatory Tests on Survey Data. Research on Aging. 2006; 28(5): 582-598.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Charles, S.T. &amp; Almeida, D.M. Daily reports of symptoms and negative affect: Not all symptoms are the same. Psychology &amp; Health. 2006; 21(1): 1-17</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Fleeson, W. (2004). The quality of American life at the end of the century. In O. G. Brim, C. D. Ryff, &amp; R. C. Kessler (Eds.), How healthy are we? A national study of wellbeing at midlife. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Statistics Canada (2012), Canada Canadian Community Health Survey. Share File, Knowledge Management and Reporting Branch, Ontario MOHLTC</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Smith BW, Dalen J, Wiggins K, Tooley E, Christopher P, Bernard J. The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. Int J Behav Med. 2008;15(3):194-200. doi: 10.1080/10705500802222972.</citation>
    <PMID>18696313</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Doosje, B., Ellemers, N., Spears, R. (1995) Perceived intragroup variability as a function of group status and identification. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 31(5): 410-436.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Larsen RJ, Kasimatis M. Day-to-day physical symptoms: individual differences in the occurrence, duration, and emotional concomitants of minor daily illnesses. J Pers. 1991 Sep;59(3):387-423. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00254.x.</citation>
    <PMID>1960638</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Marmot M, Ryff CD, Bumpass LL, Shipley M, Marks NF. Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. Soc Sci Med. 1997 Mar;44(6):901-10. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00194-3.</citation>
    <PMID>9080570</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Courneya KS, Jones LW, Rhodes RE, Blanchard CM. Effects of different combinations of intensity categories on self-reported exercise. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2004 Dec;75(4):429-33. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2004.10609176. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>15673042</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Godin G, Shephard RJ. A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1985 Sep;10(3):141-6.</citation>
    <PMID>4053261</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (1984 - 2019). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ajzen, I. (2006). Constructing a TPB questionnaire: Conceptual and methodological considerations. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0574/b20bd58130dd5a961f1a2db10fd1fcbae95d.pdf</citation>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>November 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>May 29, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>May 29, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 2, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>November 2, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>November 2, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">November 3, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>University of British Columbia</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Mark Beauchamp</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Professor</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>COVID-19</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Yes</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>The protocol for this study will be available on Open Science Framework (after 4 months to allow for study completion). The Statistical Analysis Plan will also be available on Open Science Framework. The Consent form is freely available if requested from the Primary Investigator (PI: Beauchamp, M.).</ipd_description>
    <ipd_info_type>Study Protocol</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Informed Consent Form (ICF)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Analytic Code</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_time_frame>Data will be available from this trial 1 year after completion of the study. The data will remain available indefinitely.</ipd_time_frame>
    <ipd_access_criteria>The nature of the request for sharing access will be reviewed by the PI (Beauchamp, M) and the data management team. Data will be shared via secure platforms (Redcap). Contact for data access can be done through personal communications (e.g., email) with PI Beauchamp.</ipd_access_criteria>
    <ipd_url>https://osf.io/xw9gm</ipd_url>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04412343
org study id: H20-01515
nct id: NCT04412343
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The purpose of this study is to evaluate different types of exercise programs (virtual
      group-based exercise program; personal exercise program; wait-list control) across 12-weeks
      on the physical and mental health of older adults during the current Covid-19 pandemic.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Prevention
masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
masking description: No experimenter or investigator expectancy effects as all assessment occurs online (i.e., online questionnaire). Personnel who analyze the data collected from the study are not aware of the treatment applied to any given group.
measure: Well-Being (Psychological Flourishing)
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: Well-being will be self reported using an 8-item measure from Diener et al., 2010
measure: Life Satisfaction
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 1-item question by Fleeson, 2004
measure: Stress
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 1 Item Statistics Canada Stress Question from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2012)
measure: Depression
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 10 Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) via Andresen et al., 1994
measure: Resilience
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 6 item Brief Resilience Scale by Smith et al., 2008
measure: Social Identification
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: items adapted from the 4-item scale by Doosje et al., 1995
measure: Social and Emotional Lonliness
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 11-item scale by De Jong Gierveld et al., 2006
measure: Chronic Illness (Physical Health)
time frame: Baseline (Week 0)
description: question by Charles et al., 2006 adapted from Larsen et al., 1991
measure: Weekly Somatic Symptoms (Physical Health)
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: question by Charles et al., 2006 adapted from Marmot et al., 1997
measure: Leisure-time physical activity
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: modified version of the Leisure Score Index (LSI; Courneya, Jones, Rhodes, & Blanchard, 2004) that has been applied to Godin's Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ; Godin & Shepard, 1985).
measure: Alcohol Habits
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 3-item measure for alcohol consumption from CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire, 1984-2019
measure: Physical Adherence
time frame: Looked at each day of the week for 12 weeks to see if a session was attended
description: Objective measure of attendance in online sessions (interventions conditions only)
measure: Affective Attitudes
time frame: Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 4, Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, Follow-up (Week 12)
description: 3 semantic differential items toward physical activity using scale by Azjen, 2006
measure: Demographics
time frame: Baseline only (Week 0)
description: Items addressing sex/gender, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, chronic conditions, smoking behaviour, height, weight, education level, household income level, employment status, marital status, and living situation (i.e., alone vs. others).
arm group label: Virtual group exercise
arm group type: Experimental
description: Individuals in the (virtual) group-based exercise program, will have the opportunity to take part in (virtual) group exercise classes, delivered via videoconferencing, by experienced older adult exercise instructors. Personnel who analyze the data collected from the study are not aware of the treatment applied to any given group. Classes will be offered multiple days a week at 9am PST (12 noon EST), and will last approximately 50 minutes. Classes include a warm-up component, moderate intensity exercises as the core component of the class, and a cool-down. At the end of classes participants will have the opportunity to connect in small groups (videoconferencing breakout groups) to socially connect over a beverage (coffee, water) from their own homes. Participants in the group condition will also be sent, by mail, a program t-shirt to foster a sense of distinctiveness.
arm group label: Personal exercise
arm group type: Experimental
description: Each of the older adult instructors described above will also contribute to delivering pre-recorded exercise classes (involving the same exercises, intensity, music, and so forth as those described above for the group condition). However, in this instance, instructors will deliver those classes to each participant by referring to themselves as each participant's personal trainer/coach, with language directed to the individual and not the group. That is, no sense of 'groupness' or 'shared social identities/connectivity' will be primed. Also, participants in this condition will not have the opportunity to interact with other older adults after classes have ended and will not receive the same program t-shirts designed to foster a sense of group distinctiveness.
arm group label: Wait-list control
arm group type: No Intervention
description: Those randomized to the wait-list control condition will go about their daily lives for the duration of the 12-week trial. They will be asked to complete the same questionnaires (and will be remunerated in the same way as those in the other two conditions via $10 per questionnaire completion). At the end of the 12-week trial, participants in this condition will have access to the personal exercise programming.
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Virtual Group Intervention
description: Participants will receive weekly exercise courses delivered virtually to a group of older adults. This intervention will last for 12 weeks. Participants in addition to participating in exercise will have designated time after each exercise class to socially connect. Participants in this condition will also receive a t-shirt.
arm group label: Virtual group exercise
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Personal Exercise Intervention
description: Participants will receive weekly exercise courses delivered virtually. These classes will be pre-recorded so the individual can complete sessions at any time that is convenient for them.
arm group label: Personal exercise
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 65 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Mark R Beauchamp, PhD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of British Columbia
facility: 
country: Canada
citation: Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social indicators research, 97(2), 143-156.
citation: Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, Patrick DL. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Am J Prev Med. 1994 Mar-Apr;10(2):77-84.
PMID: 8037935
citation: De Jong Gierveld, J, Tilburg, TV. A 6-Item Scale for Overall, Emotional, and Social Loneliness: Confirmatory Tests on Survey Data. Research on Aging. 2006; 28(5): 582-598.
citation: Charles, S.T. & Almeida, D.M. Daily reports of symptoms and negative affect: Not all symptoms are the same. Psychology & Health. 2006; 21(1): 1-17
citation: Fleeson, W. (2004). The quality of American life at the end of the century. In O. G. Brim, C. D. Ryff, & R. C. Kessler (Eds.), How healthy are we? A national study of wellbeing at midlife. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
citation: Statistics Canada (2012), Canada Canadian Community Health Survey. Share File, Knowledge Management and Reporting Branch, Ontario MOHLTC
citation: Smith BW, Dalen J, Wiggins K, Tooley E, Christopher P, Bernard J. The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. Int J Behav Med. 2008;15(3):194-200. doi: 10.1080/10705500802222972.
PMID: 18696313
citation: Doosje, B., Ellemers, N., Spears, R. (1995) Perceived intragroup variability as a function of group status and identification. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 31(5): 410-436.
citation: Larsen RJ, Kasimatis M. Day-to-day physical symptoms: individual differences in the occurrence, duration, and emotional concomitants of minor daily illnesses. J Pers. 1991 Sep;59(3):387-423. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00254.x.
PMID: 1960638
citation: Marmot M, Ryff CD, Bumpass LL, Shipley M, Marks NF. Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. Soc Sci Med. 1997 Mar;44(6):901-10. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00194-3.
PMID: 9080570
citation: Courneya KS, Jones LW, Rhodes RE, Blanchard CM. Effects of different combinations of intensity categories on self-reported exercise. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2004 Dec;75(4):429-33. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2004.10609176. No abstract available.
PMID: 15673042
citation: Godin G, Shephard RJ. A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1985 Sep;10(3):141-6.
PMID: 4053261
citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (1984 - 2019). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
citation: Ajzen, I. (2006). Constructing a TPB questionnaire: Conceptual and methodological considerations. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0574/b20bd58130dd5a961f1a2db10fd1fcbae95d.pdf
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: University of British Columbia
investigator full name: Mark Beauchamp
investigator title: Professor
mesh term: COVID-19
sharing ipd: Yes
ipd description: The protocol for this study will be available on Open Science Framework (after 4 months to allow for study completion). The Statistical Analysis Plan will also be available on Open Science Framework. The Consent form is freely available if requested from the Primary Investigator (PI: Beauchamp, M.).
ipd info type: Study Protocol
ipd info type: Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)
ipd info type: Informed Consent Form (ICF)
ipd info type: Analytic Code
ipd time frame: Data will be available from this trial 1 year after completion of the study. The data will remain available indefinitely.
ipd access criteria: The nature of the request for sharing access will be reviewed by the PI (Beauchamp, M) and the data management team. Data will be shared via secure platforms (Redcap). Contact for data access can be done through personal communications (e.g., email) with PI Beauchamp.
ipd url: https://osf.io/xw9gm