<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04419350</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>MN for acquired hypomelanosis</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04419350</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Microneedling for Acquired Hypomelanosis</brief_title>
  <official_title>Microneedling for Acquired Hypomelanosis : A Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Cairo University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Cairo University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_us_export>No</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Acquired hypomelanosis is a type of cutaneous melanocytopenic hypomelanosis, denoting the&#xD;
      lightening of the skin due to a reduction in the number of epidermal and/or follicular&#xD;
      melanocytes secondary to physical agents,post-inflammatory, and iatrogenic (steroids).&#xD;
&#xD;
      Derma roller is the basic device of microneedling , performs superficial, controlled&#xD;
      puncturing of the skin by rolling with miniature fine needles and used as a collagen&#xD;
      induction therapy and a transdermal delivery system for therapeutic drugs and vaccines.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This minute trauma to the skin that activates regenerative mechanisms and wound healing by&#xD;
      releasing growth factors. The release of cytokines and deposition of hemosiderin from dermal&#xD;
      bleeding induce the activation of melanocyte and stimulate skin pigmentation plus transdermal&#xD;
      traveling of melanocyte&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The aim of this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of microneedling as a treatment&#xD;
      model for patients with acquired hypomelanosis.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patients with an acquired hypomelanosis from outpatient clinic, department of dermatology,&#xD;
      Cairo university,n=20. including:&#xD;
&#xD;
      ▪Patients, both genders and older than 18 years with localized acquired hypomelanosis&#xD;
&#xD;
      Excluding:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Congenital and hereditary hypomelanosis.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Vitiligo&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Pregnancy and lactation.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patients with a history of any autoimmune disease.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patients with a history of keloid formation.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patient on systemic steroids, retinoids, immunosuppressant or anticoagulant therapy.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Methodology in details:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  An informed written consent will be obtained from the patient or his legal guardian if&#xD;
           he is younger than 21years old.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  For every patient detailed history will focus on the onset, course, duration of&#xD;
           hypomelanosis, the type of insult, previous treatments, systemic illness and drug&#xD;
           history. The examination will describe the anatomical site, size, degree of skin&#xD;
           lightening, skin texture and presence or absence of hair in the affected area.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  The area to be treated will be specified and split into two halves then randomized into&#xD;
           one of both arms: treatment or no treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  One session of microneedling will be performed on the treatment arm by using dermaroller&#xD;
           1.5 mm long. The microneedling will be done from the edge of the normal skin towards the&#xD;
           center of the hypopigmented lesion in all the directions (horizontal, vertical.&#xD;
           diagonal).&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patients will be then monitored for three months for signs of repigmentation.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patient's improvement will be objectively assessed monthly for repigmentation using&#xD;
           patient's and physician's scales.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Possible Risk:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Pain, transient bleeding, erythema, mild edema and infection at the site of microneedling.&#xD;
      Failure of treatment is also a possibility.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Primary outcomes:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis after 3 months.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Secondary outcome:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Safety as defined by the occurrence of adverse events during, shortly after the procedure&#xD;
      (2weeks), and after 3 months.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Sample size(number of patients included):20 patients&#xD;
&#xD;
      Source of funding: self funding&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 15, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">May 1, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">April 1, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>The area to be treated will be specified and split into two halves then randomized using sealed envelope into one of both arms: treatment or no treatment.&#xD;
One session of microneedling using derma roller 1.5 mm will be done.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by skin mapping for peripheral tanning.</measure>
    <time_frame>3 months post treatment</time_frame>
    <description>drawing the lesion's surface area through transparent stencil paper</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by visual analogue scale for surface tanning</measure>
    <time_frame>3 months post treatment</time_frame>
    <description>using hue skin tone color scale</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by vitiligo extent score for a target area for marginal and perifollicular repigmentation.</measure>
    <time_frame>3 months post treatment</time_frame>
    <description>The repigmentation assessed by percentage value range from 0- 100% where the 100 % means full repigmentation, the value is a result of an equation where the estimated percentage of marginal repigmentation add to ( remaining area (%) plus estimated percent of perifollicular pigmentation in the remaining area(%) divided by 100)</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by the patient's satisfaction score</measure>
    <time_frame>3 months post treatment</time_frame>
    <description>3-point scale (not satisfied, moderately satisfied, extremely satisfied).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by patient global percent of his own improvement(0-100%).</measure>
    <time_frame>3 months post treatment</time_frame>
    <description>the patient evaluation to lesion by percentage value for repigmentation ranged from 0- 100% which represent full repigmentation.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by mean physician's global assessment for percent of improvement (0-100%).</measure>
    <time_frame>3 moonths post treatment.</time_frame>
    <description>One unblinded and 2 blinded investigators assessed the global improvement through photographs of the lesions before and after 3 months of therapy. The lesions were photographed on a black background using a single reflex camera with standardized settings (ambient light, same position, and distance from the patient).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Incidence of microneedling adverse events</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 1 to 14 and after 3 months.</time_frame>
    <description>Safety as defined by occurrence of pain, bleeding, local infection, skin flaking, and scarring during, shortly after the procedure (2weeks), and at the end of the study.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">20</enrollment>
  <condition>Acquired Hypomelanosis</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>microneedling.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>No treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>No treatment will be done to these hypopigmented lesions</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Microneedling</intervention_name>
    <description>One session of microneedling will be performed by using dermaroller 1.5 mm. The microneedling done from the edge of the normal skin towards the center of the hypopigmented lesion in all the directions (horizontal, vertical. diagonal).</description>
    <arm_group_label>treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Localized acquired hypomelanosis secondary to any insult, post-inflammatory or&#xD;
             iatrogenic of no more than 2 years duration, affecting any anatomical site except&#xD;
             genitalia, of any size larger than 3 cm in diameter.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients older than 18 years old, consenting to go through the microneedling&#xD;
             procedure.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Both genders.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Congenital and hereditary hypomelanosis.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Vitiligo&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnancy and lactation.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients with history of any autoimmune disease.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients with history of keloids formation.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patient on systemic steroids, retinoids, immunosuppressant or anticoagulant therapy.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Khaled H El-Hoshy, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Professor of Dermatology,Cairo University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Vanessa G Hafez, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Associate Professor of Dermatology, Cairo University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Julbahar M Ibrahim, M.B.,B.CH</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Dermatology Resident</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Cairo University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Cairo</city>
        <zip>35855</zip>
        <country>Egypt</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Egypt</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Zeitlin RE. Long-term psychosocial sequelae of paediatric burns. Burns. 1997 Sep;23(6):467-72. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(97)00045-4.</citation>
    <PMID>9429023</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tyack ZF, Pegg S, Ziviani J. Postburn dyspigmentation: its assessment, management, and relationship to scarring--a review of the literature. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1997 Sep-Oct;18(5):435-40. doi: 10.1097/00004630-199709000-00012.</citation>
    <PMID>9313126</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Sperry K. Tattoos and tattooing. Part I: History and methodology. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991 Dec;12(4):313-9. doi: 10.1097/00000433-199112000-00008.</citation>
    <PMID>1807141</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Singh A, Yadav S. Microneedling: Advances and widening horizons. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016 Jul-Aug;7(4):244-54. doi: 10.4103/2229-5178.185468.</citation>
    <PMID>27559496</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Siadat AH, Rezaei R, Asilian A, Abtahi-Naeini B, Rakhshanpour M, Raei M, Hosseini SM. Repigmentation of Hypopigmented Scars Using Combination of Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser with Topical Latanoprost Vs. Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser Alone. Indian J Dermatol. 2015 Jul-Aug;60(4):364-8. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.160481.</citation>
    <PMID>26288404</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kahn AM, Cohen MJ. Treatment for depigmentation following burn injuries. Burns. 1996 Nov;22(7):552-4. doi: 10.1016/0305-4179(96)88885-1.</citation>
    <PMID>8909758</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Imokawa G. Autocrine and paracrine regulation of melanocytes in human skin and in pigmentary disorders. Pigment Cell Res. 2004 Apr;17(2):96-110. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2003.00126.x.</citation>
    <PMID>15016298</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hou A, Cohen B, Haimovic A, Elbuluk N. Microneedling: A Comprehensive Review. Dermatol Surg. 2017 Mar;43(3):321-339. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000924.</citation>
    <PMID>27755171</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Glaich AS, Rahman Z, Goldberg LH, Friedman PM. Fractional resurfacing for the treatment of hypopigmented scars: a pilot study. Dermatol Surg. 2007 Mar;33(3):289-94; discussion 293-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33058.x.</citation>
    <PMID>17338685</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Cho S, Zheng Z, Park YK, Roh MR. The 308-nm excimer laser: a promising device for the treatment of childhood vitiligo. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011 Feb;27(1):24-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2010.00558.x.</citation>
    <PMID>21198879</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chadwick S, Heath R, Shah M. Abnormal pigmentation within cutaneous scars: A complication of wound healing. Indian J Plast Surg. 2012 May;45(2):403-11. doi: 10.4103/0970-0358.101328.</citation>
    <PMID>23162241</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Busch KH, Bender R, Walezko N, Aziz H, Altintas MA, Aust MC. Combination of medical needling and non-cultured autologous skin cell transplantation (ReNovaCell) for repigmentation of hypopigmented burn scars. Burns. 2016 Nov;42(7):1556-1566. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 May 4.</citation>
    <PMID>27156803</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Busch KH, Bender R, Walezko N, Aziz H, Altintas MA, Aust MC. Combination of medical needling and non-cultured autologous skin cell transplantation (renovacell) for repigmentation of hypopigmented burn scars in children and young people. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2016 Jun 30;29(2):116-122.</citation>
    <PMID>28149233</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Aust MC, Fernandes D, Kolokythas P, Kaplan HM, Vogt PM. Percutaneous collagen induction therapy: an alternative treatment for scars, wrinkles, and skin laxity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Apr;121(4):1421-1429. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000304612.72899.02.</citation>
    <PMID>18349665</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Alexiades-Armenakas MR, Bernstein LJ, Friedman PM, Geronemus RG. The safety and efficacy of the 308-nm excimer laser for pigment correction of hypopigmented scars and striae alba. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Aug;140(8):955-60. doi: 10.1001/archderm.140.8.955.</citation>
    <PMID>15313811</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Acikel C, Ulkur E, Guler MM. Treatment of burn scar depigmentation by carbon dioxide laser-assisted dermabrasion and thin skin grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 May;105(6):1973-8. doi: 10.1097/00006534-200005000-00009.</citation>
    <PMID>10839394</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>June 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>May 23, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>June 3, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 5, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 4, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 4, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">June 9, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Cairo University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Julbahar Ibrahim</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Dermatology resident,Principal investigator-Cairo university.</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Microneedling</keyword>
  <keyword>Dermaroller</keyword>
  <keyword>acquired hypomelanosis</keyword>
  <keyword>skin pigmentation</keyword>
  <keyword>hypopigmentation</keyword>
  <keyword>patient satisfaction</keyword>
  <keyword>leukoderma</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Hypopigmentation</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04419350
org study id: MN for acquired hypomelanosis
nct id: NCT04419350
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
is us export: No
Acquired hypomelanosis is a type of cutaneous melanocytopenic hypomelanosis, denoting the
      lightening of the skin due to a reduction in the number of epidermal and/or follicular
      melanocytes secondary to physical agents,post-inflammatory, and iatrogenic (steroids).

      Derma roller is the basic device of microneedling , performs superficial, controlled
      puncturing of the skin by rolling with miniature fine needles and used as a collagen
      induction therapy and a transdermal delivery system for therapeutic drugs and vaccines.

      This minute trauma to the skin that activates regenerative mechanisms and wound healing by
      releasing growth factors. The release of cytokines and deposition of hemosiderin from dermal
      bleeding induce the activation of melanocyte and stimulate skin pigmentation plus transdermal
      traveling of melanocyte
The aim of this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of microneedling as a treatment
      model for patients with acquired hypomelanosis.

      Patients with an acquired hypomelanosis from outpatient clinic, department of dermatology,
      Cairo university,n=20. including:

      ▪Patients, both genders and older than 18 years with localized acquired hypomelanosis

      Excluding:

        -  Congenital and hereditary hypomelanosis.

        -  Vitiligo

        -  Pregnancy and lactation.

        -  Patients with a history of any autoimmune disease.

        -  Patients with a history of keloid formation.

        -  Patient on systemic steroids, retinoids, immunosuppressant or anticoagulant therapy.

      Methodology in details:

        -  An informed written consent will be obtained from the patient or his legal guardian if
           he is younger than 21years old.

        -  For every patient detailed history will focus on the onset, course, duration of
           hypomelanosis, the type of insult, previous treatments, systemic illness and drug
           history. The examination will describe the anatomical site, size, degree of skin
           lightening, skin texture and presence or absence of hair in the affected area.

        -  The area to be treated will be specified and split into two halves then randomized into
           one of both arms: treatment or no treatment.

        -  One session of microneedling will be performed on the treatment arm by using dermaroller
           1.5 mm long. The microneedling will be done from the edge of the normal skin towards the
           center of the hypopigmented lesion in all the directions (horizontal, vertical.
           diagonal).

        -  Patients will be then monitored for three months for signs of repigmentation.

        -  Patient's improvement will be objectively assessed monthly for repigmentation using
           patient's and physician's scales.

      Possible Risk:

      Pain, transient bleeding, erythema, mild edema and infection at the site of microneedling.
      Failure of treatment is also a possibility.

      Primary outcomes:

      Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis after 3 months.

      Secondary outcome:

      Safety as defined by the occurrence of adverse events during, shortly after the procedure
      (2weeks), and after 3 months.

      Sample size(number of patients included):20 patients

      Source of funding: self funding
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: The area to be treated will be specified and split into two halves then randomized using sealed envelope into one of both arms: treatment or no treatment.
One session of microneedling using derma roller 1.5 mm will be done.
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by skin mapping for peripheral tanning.
time frame: 3 months post treatment
description: drawing the lesion's surface area through transparent stencil paper
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by visual analogue scale for surface tanning
time frame: 3 months post treatment
description: using hue skin tone color scale
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by vitiligo extent score for a target area for marginal and perifollicular repigmentation.
time frame: 3 months post treatment
description: The repigmentation assessed by percentage value range from 0- 100% where the 100 % means full repigmentation, the value is a result of an equation where the estimated percentage of marginal repigmentation add to ( remaining area (%) plus estimated percent of perifollicular pigmentation in the remaining area(%) divided by 100)
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by the patient's satisfaction score
time frame: 3 months post treatment
description: 3-point scale (not satisfied, moderately satisfied, extremely satisfied).
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by patient global percent of his own improvement(0-100%).
time frame: 3 months post treatment
description: the patient evaluation to lesion by percentage value for repigmentation ranged from 0- 100% which represent full repigmentation.
measure: Efficacy of microneedling for acquired hypomelanosis assessed by mean physician's global assessment for percent of improvement (0-100%).
time frame: 3 moonths post treatment.
description: One unblinded and 2 blinded investigators assessed the global improvement through photographs of the lesions before and after 3 months of therapy. The lesions were photographed on a black background using a single reflex camera with standardized settings (ambient light, same position, and distance from the patient).
measure: Incidence of microneedling adverse events
time frame: Day 1 to 14 and after 3 months.
description: Safety as defined by occurrence of pain, bleeding, local infection, skin flaking, and scarring during, shortly after the procedure (2weeks), and at the end of the study.
arm group label: treatment
arm group type: Experimental
description: microneedling.
arm group label: No treatment
arm group type: No Intervention
description: No treatment will be done to these hypopigmented lesions
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Microneedling
description: One session of microneedling will be performed by using dermaroller 1.5 mm. The microneedling done from the edge of the normal skin towards the center of the hypopigmented lesion in all the directions (horizontal, vertical. diagonal).
arm group label: treatment
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Khaled H El-Hoshy, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Professor of Dermatology,Cairo University
last name: Vanessa G Hafez, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Associate Professor of Dermatology, Cairo University
last name: Julbahar M Ibrahim, M.B.,B.CH
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Dermatology Resident
facility: 
country: Egypt
citation: Zeitlin RE. Long-term psychosocial sequelae of paediatric burns. Burns. 1997 Sep;23(6):467-72. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(97)00045-4.
PMID: 9429023
citation: Tyack ZF, Pegg S, Ziviani J. Postburn dyspigmentation: its assessment, management, and relationship to scarring--a review of the literature. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1997 Sep-Oct;18(5):435-40. doi: 10.1097/00004630-199709000-00012.
PMID: 9313126
citation: Sperry K. Tattoos and tattooing. Part I: History and methodology. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991 Dec;12(4):313-9. doi: 10.1097/00000433-199112000-00008.
PMID: 1807141
citation: Singh A, Yadav S. Microneedling: Advances and widening horizons. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016 Jul-Aug;7(4):244-54. doi: 10.4103/2229-5178.185468.
PMID: 27559496
citation: Siadat AH, Rezaei R, Asilian A, Abtahi-Naeini B, Rakhshanpour M, Raei M, Hosseini SM. Repigmentation of Hypopigmented Scars Using Combination of Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser with Topical Latanoprost Vs. Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser Alone. Indian J Dermatol. 2015 Jul-Aug;60(4):364-8. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.160481.
PMID: 26288404
citation: Kahn AM, Cohen MJ. Treatment for depigmentation following burn injuries. Burns. 1996 Nov;22(7):552-4. doi: 10.1016/0305-4179(96)88885-1.
PMID: 8909758
citation: Imokawa G. Autocrine and paracrine regulation of melanocytes in human skin and in pigmentary disorders. Pigment Cell Res. 2004 Apr;17(2):96-110. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2003.00126.x.
PMID: 15016298
citation: Hou A, Cohen B, Haimovic A, Elbuluk N. Microneedling: A Comprehensive Review. Dermatol Surg. 2017 Mar;43(3):321-339. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000924.
PMID: 27755171
citation: Glaich AS, Rahman Z, Goldberg LH, Friedman PM. Fractional resurfacing for the treatment of hypopigmented scars: a pilot study. Dermatol Surg. 2007 Mar;33(3):289-94; discussion 293-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33058.x.
PMID: 17338685
citation: Cho S, Zheng Z, Park YK, Roh MR. The 308-nm excimer laser: a promising device for the treatment of childhood vitiligo. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011 Feb;27(1):24-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2010.00558.x.
PMID: 21198879
citation: Chadwick S, Heath R, Shah M. Abnormal pigmentation within cutaneous scars: A complication of wound healing. Indian J Plast Surg. 2012 May;45(2):403-11. doi: 10.4103/0970-0358.101328.
PMID: 23162241
citation: Busch KH, Bender R, Walezko N, Aziz H, Altintas MA, Aust MC. Combination of medical needling and non-cultured autologous skin cell transplantation (ReNovaCell) for repigmentation of hypopigmented burn scars. Burns. 2016 Nov;42(7):1556-1566. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 May 4.
PMID: 27156803
citation: Busch KH, Bender R, Walezko N, Aziz H, Altintas MA, Aust MC. Combination of medical needling and non-cultured autologous skin cell transplantation (renovacell) for repigmentation of hypopigmented burn scars in children and young people. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2016 Jun 30;29(2):116-122.
PMID: 28149233
citation: Aust MC, Fernandes D, Kolokythas P, Kaplan HM, Vogt PM. Percutaneous collagen induction therapy: an alternative treatment for scars, wrinkles, and skin laxity. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Apr;121(4):1421-1429. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000304612.72899.02.
PMID: 18349665
citation: Alexiades-Armenakas MR, Bernstein LJ, Friedman PM, Geronemus RG. The safety and efficacy of the 308-nm excimer laser for pigment correction of hypopigmented scars and striae alba. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Aug;140(8):955-60. doi: 10.1001/archderm.140.8.955.
PMID: 15313811
citation: Acikel C, Ulkur E, Guler MM. Treatment of burn scar depigmentation by carbon dioxide laser-assisted dermabrasion and thin skin grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 May;105(6):1973-8. doi: 10.1097/00006534-200005000-00009.
PMID: 10839394
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Cairo University
investigator full name: Julbahar Ibrahim
investigator title: Dermatology resident,Principal investigator-Cairo university.
mesh term: Hypopigmentation
sharing ipd: No