<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04484324</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>USharjah2020</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04484324</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Optimal Duration of Stretching Exercise in Patients With Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain</brief_title>
  <official_title>Optimal Duration of Stretching Exercise in Patients With Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of Sharjah</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of Sharjah</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      controversy remains about the stretching parameters needed to achieve a particular goal or&#xD;
      treatment outcome. In clinical practice, multiple stretching techniques are used;&#xD;
      nevertheless, there is no evidence-based agreement on the most effective parameters. One of&#xD;
      these parameters, that might be affecting the treatment outcome the most, is the stretching&#xD;
      duration, thus far there is a little agreement on the optimal stretching duration.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This non agreement in exact stretching parameters is obvious between authors and researchers&#xD;
      in the field of muscle energy techniques (MET) as well as those who have used and advocate&#xD;
      various durations for the passive stretch that follows the contraction phase in MET.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      comparison and subsequent conclusions about appropriate stretching times are mainly based on&#xD;
      mechanical factors such as range of motion and flexibility, while ignoring the neural&#xD;
      adversative mechanical tension that may be created during stretching exercises. According to&#xD;
      the literature , stretching induced neural tension may adversely affect the central nervous&#xD;
      system and nerve root function due to the absence of the perineurium, which is the primary&#xD;
      load carrying structure. Thus, safe or unsafe limits of nerve elongation are not well&#xD;
      established, despite several basic scientific and clinical studies.. Consequently, in the&#xD;
      present study, the current study aimed to answer the question: Is it theoretically possible,&#xD;
      that increased longitudinal strain and stress on the spinal cord and nerve root from&#xD;
      continuous stretching exercises may subtly impair the neural function? Our hypothesis is that&#xD;
      a duration threshold exists where, once reached, adverse neural function will be apparent&#xD;
      resulting in a reduction of either or both latency and amplitudes of evoked potentials.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">July 5, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">July 20, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">July 11, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>A prospective, double blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was conducted at one of our university's research departments,</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    <masking_description>The treating therapist, for both the control and intervention groups, was unblinded to the treatment method but the subjects and assessor who conducted the measurements were blinded. Assessor blinding was obtained through an independent research assist; not knowing the study design and not specifically involved in any aspect of the tria</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in peak-to-peak amplitudes of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials</measure>
    <time_frame>will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Dermatomal Somatosensory Evoked Potentials will be elicited by repetitive, square wave (0.5 ms) electrical pulses (at 3 Hz) from standard clinical surface gel electrodes (20 mm) overlying cervical sensory dermatomes. Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential will be collected at a stimulus intensity well above perception threshold.Complete recording runs will be undertaken during each session with averages of 250 to 1200 cortical responses from scalp surface recording electrodes (C3'-C4' in a 10-20 electrode configuration) of the contralateral scalp to the C4 to C8 dermatomes being stimulated</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in Neck Disability Index</measure>
    <time_frame>will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>The Neck Disability Index , consisting of 10 items related to daily living activities, will be our primary patient-reported outcome measure. Each item is scored out of five (with the no disability response given a score of 0) giving a total score for the questionnaire out of 50. Higher scores represent greater disability.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in Cervical range of motion</measure>
    <time_frame>will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Cervical spine global range-of-motion will be measured using the valid and reliable cervical range-of-motion (CROM) device. The participant will perform flexion, extension, right/left lateral flexion, right/left rotation in upright sitting. The patient was instructed to perform each movement when he/she attained the maximum active range of motion. Three trials were conducted for each direction of movement, and the average of the three measurements will be recorded for analysis.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in Neck pain intensity</measure>
    <time_frame>will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Neck pain intensity will be measured using the numerical pain rating scale . The patients will be asked to place a mark along the line indicating their current pain intensity; 0 reflecting ''no pain'' and 10 reflecting the ''worst pain''.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>4</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">100</enrollment>
  <condition>Mechanical Neck Pain</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>60 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>60 seconds stretching group Stretching exercises for upper Trapezius and Levator the examiner will passively place the participant's head into flexion, side-bending away and rotation towards the side to be stretched (for upper trapezius muscle) and flexion, side-bending away and rotation away from the side to be stretched (for levator scapula ). The patient introduces a light resisted effort to take the stabilized shoulder towards the ear and the ear towards the shoulder. The contraction is sustained for 10 seconds and, upon complete relaxation of effort, the therapist gently eases the head/ neck into an increased degree of side-bending and rotation, where it is stabilized, as the shoulder is stretched caudally. The examiner will depress the participant's shoulder with 100 Newton's of force measured with pressure dynamometer. Once the examiner achieved this level of force, he maintains the stretch for 60 seconds . The procedure is repeated three times.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>30 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>The same procedures while the therapist will maintain the stretch for 30 seconds.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>15 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>The same procedures while the therapist will maintain the stretch for 15 seconds.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>control</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>The therapist maintains the same manual contact without stretching force</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Stretching exercises</intervention_name>
    <description>Post-facilitation stretch is a technique involves a maximal contraction of the muscle at mid-range with a rapid movement to maximal length followed by a static stretch.</description>
    <arm_group_label>15 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>30 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>60 seconds</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>control</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>muscle energy technique</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Eligible patients had to be between 18 and 40 years of age&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  have generalized neck pain for more than 3 months.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  with symptoms provoked by neck postures, movements, or palpation&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Subjects' exclusion criteria included specific neck pain due to trauma, disc&#xD;
             protrusion, whiplash, congenital deformity of the spine, spinal stenosis, neoplasm,&#xD;
             inflammatory or rheumatic disease. Furthermore, subjects were excluded if they had a&#xD;
             history of spine surgery and any objective findings consistent with neurological&#xD;
             conditions and vascular disorders.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>40 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ibrahim Moustafa</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of Sharjah</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ibrahim Moustafa</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sharjah</city>
        <state>United Arab Emirate</state>
        <zip>27272</zip>
        <country>United Arab Emirates</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Sharjah</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sharjah</city>
        <zip>27272</zip>
        <country>United Arab Emirates</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United Arab Emirates</country>
  </location_countries>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Allison, T, G McCarthy, C C Wood, and S J Jones. 1991. &quot;Potentials Evoked in Human and Monkey Cerebral Cortex by Stimulation of the Median Nerve. A Review of Scalp and Intracranial Recordings.&quot; Brain : A Journal of Neurology, December, 2465-2503. Baker, P F, M Ladds, and K A Rubinson. 1977. &quot;Measurement of the Flow Properties of Isolated Axoplasm in a Defined Chemical Environment [Proceedings].&quot; The Journal of Physiology 269 (1): 10P-11P. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/70528. Bandy, William D, and Jean M Irion. 1994. &quot;The Effect of Time on Static Stretch on the Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscles.&quot; Physical Therapy 74 (9): 845-50. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/74.9.845. Bandy, William D, Jean M Irion, and Michelle Briggler. 1997. &quot;The Effect of Time and Frequency of Static Stretching on Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscles.&quot; Physical Therapy 77 (10): 1090-96. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/77.10.1090. Bijur, Polly E, Clarke T Latimer, and E John Gallagher. 2003. &quot;Validation of a Verbally Administered Numerical Rating Scale of Acute Pain for Use in the Emergency Department.&quot; Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine 10 (4): 390-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12670856. Breig, Alf. 1978. Adverse Mechanical Tension in the Central Nervous System: An Analysis of Cause and Effect: Relief by Functional Neurosurgery. Almqvist &amp; Wiksell International. Chaitow, Leon., Helge. Franke, and Leon. Chaitow. 2013. Muscle Energy Techniques. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. Cox, James M. 2000. &quot;A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System. Part I: Spinal Canal Deformations Caused by Changes in Posture (Multiple Letters).&quot; Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-4754(00)90252-5. Cunha, ACV, TN Burke, FJR França, AP Marques - Clinics, and undefined 2008. n.d. &quot;Effect of Global Posture Reeducation and of Static Stretching on Pain, Range of Motion, and Quality of Life in Women with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical.&quot; SciELO Brasil. Accessed July 21, 2020. https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1807-59322008000600010&amp;script=sci_arttext&amp;tlng=pt. &quot;Effectiveness of a Home Program of Ischemic Pressure Followed by Sustained Stretch for Treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points.&quot; 2016. Physical Therapy, November. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.10.997. Fejer, René, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, and Jan Hartvigsen. 2006. &quot;The Prevalence of Neck Pain in the World Population: A Systematic Critical Review of the Literature.&quot; European Spine Journal. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-004-0864-4. Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César, Luis Palomeque-del-Cerro, Cleofás Rodríguez-Blanco, Antonia Gómez-Conesa, and Juan C. Miangolarra-Page. 2007. &quot;Changes in Neck Pain and Active Range of Motion After a Single Thoracic Spine Manipulation in Subjects Presenting with Mechanical Neck Pain: A Case Series.&quot; Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 30 (4): 312-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2007.03.007. Grosso MJ, Hwang R, Mroz T, Benzel E, Steinmetz M P. 2013. &quot;Relationship between Degree of Focal Kyphosis Correction and Neurological Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Cervical Deformity Correction Surgery.&quot; J Neurosurg Spine. 18 (6): 537-44. Harrison, D D E, R Cailliet, D D E Harrison, S J Troyanovich, and S O Harrison. 1999. &quot;A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System--Part II: Spinal Cord Strains from Postural Loads.&quot; Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 (5): 322-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10395435. Harrison, D E, R Cailliet, D D Harrison, S J Troyanovich, and S O Harrison. n.d. &quot;A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System--Part III: Spinal Cord Stresses from Postural Loads and Their Neurologic Effects.&quot; Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 (6): 399-410. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10478773. Jeffery Brent Feland Joseph William Myrer, +2 authors G W Measom. 2001. &quot;The Effect of Duration of Stretching of the Hamstring Muscle Group for Increasing Range of Motion in People Aged 65 Years or Older.&quot; Physical Therapy, May. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.5.1110.</citation>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>December 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 20, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 20, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">July 23, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>December 29, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>December 29, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">December 30, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>University of Sharjah</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Ibrahim Moustafa</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Associate professor-chair of Physiotherapy Department Affiliation: University of Sharjah</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Randomized controlled trial</keyword>
  <keyword>muscle energy technique</keyword>
  <keyword>Stretching exercises</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Neck Pain</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Yes</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>There is a plan to make individual participant data and related data dictionaries available</ipd_description>
    <ipd_info_type>Study Protocol</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_info_type>Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)</ipd_info_type>
    <ipd_time_frame>After 6 months and will become available for one year</ipd_time_frame>
    <ipd_access_criteria>not identified yet</ipd_access_criteria>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04484324
org study id: USharjah2020
nct id: NCT04484324
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
controversy remains about the stretching parameters needed to achieve a particular goal or
      treatment outcome. In clinical practice, multiple stretching techniques are used;
      nevertheless, there is no evidence-based agreement on the most effective parameters. One of
      these parameters, that might be affecting the treatment outcome the most, is the stretching
      duration, thus far there is a little agreement on the optimal stretching duration.

      This non agreement in exact stretching parameters is obvious between authors and researchers
      in the field of muscle energy techniques (MET) as well as those who have used and advocate
      various durations for the passive stretch that follows the contraction phase in MET.
comparison and subsequent conclusions about appropriate stretching times are mainly based on
      mechanical factors such as range of motion and flexibility, while ignoring the neural
      adversative mechanical tension that may be created during stretching exercises. According to
      the literature , stretching induced neural tension may adversely affect the central nervous
      system and nerve root function due to the absence of the perineurium, which is the primary
      load carrying structure. Thus, safe or unsafe limits of nerve elongation are not well
      established, despite several basic scientific and clinical studies.. Consequently, in the
      present study, the current study aimed to answer the question: Is it theoretically possible,
      that increased longitudinal strain and stress on the spinal cord and nerve root from
      continuous stretching exercises may subtly impair the neural function? Our hypothesis is that
      a duration threshold exists where, once reached, adverse neural function will be apparent
      resulting in a reduction of either or both latency and amplitudes of evoked potentials.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: A prospective, double blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was conducted at one of our university's research departments,
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
masking description: The treating therapist, for both the control and intervention groups, was unblinded to the treatment method but the subjects and assessor who conducted the measurements were blinded. Assessor blinding was obtained through an independent research assist; not knowing the study design and not specifically involved in any aspect of the tria
measure: The change in peak-to-peak amplitudes of dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials
time frame: will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment
description: Dermatomal Somatosensory Evoked Potentials will be elicited by repetitive, square wave (0.5 ms) electrical pulses (at 3 Hz) from standard clinical surface gel electrodes (20 mm) overlying cervical sensory dermatomes. Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential will be collected at a stimulus intensity well above perception threshold.Complete recording runs will be undertaken during each session with averages of 250 to 1200 cortical responses from scalp surface recording electrodes (C3'-C4' in a 10-20 electrode configuration) of the contralateral scalp to the C4 to C8 dermatomes being stimulated
measure: The change in Neck Disability Index
time frame: will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment
description: The Neck Disability Index , consisting of 10 items related to daily living activities, will be our primary patient-reported outcome measure. Each item is scored out of five (with the no disability response given a score of 0) giving a total score for the questionnaire out of 50. Higher scores represent greater disability.
measure: The change in Cervical range of motion
time frame: will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment
description: Cervical spine global range-of-motion will be measured using the valid and reliable cervical range-of-motion (CROM) device. The participant will perform flexion, extension, right/left lateral flexion, right/left rotation in upright sitting. The patient was instructed to perform each movement when he/she attained the maximum active range of motion. Three trials were conducted for each direction of movement, and the average of the three measurements will be recorded for analysis.
measure: The change in Neck pain intensity
time frame: will be measured at two intervals ;pre-treatment and 24 Hours after treatment
description: Neck pain intensity will be measured using the numerical pain rating scale . The patients will be asked to place a mark along the line indicating their current pain intensity; 0 reflecting ''no pain'' and 10 reflecting the ''worst pain''.
arm group label: 60 seconds
arm group type: Experimental
description: 60 seconds stretching group Stretching exercises for upper Trapezius and Levator the examiner will passively place the participant's head into flexion, side-bending away and rotation towards the side to be stretched (for upper trapezius muscle) and flexion, side-bending away and rotation away from the side to be stretched (for levator scapula ). The patient introduces a light resisted effort to take the stabilized shoulder towards the ear and the ear towards the shoulder. The contraction is sustained for 10 seconds and, upon complete relaxation of effort, the therapist gently eases the head/ neck into an increased degree of side-bending and rotation, where it is stabilized, as the shoulder is stretched caudally. The examiner will depress the participant's shoulder with 100 Newton's of force measured with pressure dynamometer. Once the examiner achieved this level of force, he maintains the stretch for 60 seconds . The procedure is repeated three times.
arm group label: 30 seconds
arm group type: Experimental
description: The same procedures while the therapist will maintain the stretch for 30 seconds.
arm group label: 15 seconds
arm group type: Experimental
description: The same procedures while the therapist will maintain the stretch for 15 seconds.
arm group label: control
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: The therapist maintains the same manual contact without stretching force
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Stretching exercises
description: Post-facilitation stretch is a technique involves a maximal contraction of the muscle at mid-range with a rapid movement to maximal length followed by a static stretch.
arm group label: 15 seconds
arm group label: 30 seconds
arm group label: 60 seconds
arm group label: control
other name: muscle energy technique
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 40 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Ibrahim Moustafa
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of Sharjah
facility: 
facility: 
country: United Arab Emirates
citation: Allison, T, G McCarthy, C C Wood, and S J Jones. 1991. "Potentials Evoked in Human and Monkey Cerebral Cortex by Stimulation of the Median Nerve. A Review of Scalp and Intracranial Recordings." Brain : A Journal of Neurology, December, 2465-2503. Baker, P F, M Ladds, and K A Rubinson. 1977. "Measurement of the Flow Properties of Isolated Axoplasm in a Defined Chemical Environment [Proceedings]." The Journal of Physiology 269 (1): 10P-11P. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/70528. Bandy, William D, and Jean M Irion. 1994. "The Effect of Time on Static Stretch on the Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscles." Physical Therapy 74 (9): 845-50. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/74.9.845. Bandy, William D, Jean M Irion, and Michelle Briggler. 1997. "The Effect of Time and Frequency of Static Stretching on Flexibility of the Hamstring Muscles." Physical Therapy 77 (10): 1090-96. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/77.10.1090. Bijur, Polly E, Clarke T Latimer, and E John Gallagher. 2003. "Validation of a Verbally Administered Numerical Rating Scale of Acute Pain for Use in the Emergency Department." Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine 10 (4): 390-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12670856. Breig, Alf. 1978. Adverse Mechanical Tension in the Central Nervous System: An Analysis of Cause and Effect: Relief by Functional Neurosurgery. Almqvist & Wiksell International. Chaitow, Leon., Helge. Franke, and Leon. Chaitow. 2013. Muscle Energy Techniques. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. Cox, James M. 2000. "A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System. Part I: Spinal Canal Deformations Caused by Changes in Posture (Multiple Letters)." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-4754(00)90252-5. Cunha, ACV, TN Burke, FJR França, AP Marques - Clinics, and undefined 2008. n.d. "Effect of Global Posture Reeducation and of Static Stretching on Pain, Range of Motion, and Quality of Life in Women with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical." SciELO Brasil. Accessed July 21, 2020. https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1807-59322008000600010&script=sci_arttext&tlng=pt. "Effectiveness of a Home Program of Ischemic Pressure Followed by Sustained Stretch for Treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points." 2016. Physical Therapy, November. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.10.997. Fejer, René, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, and Jan Hartvigsen. 2006. "The Prevalence of Neck Pain in the World Population: A Systematic Critical Review of the Literature." European Spine Journal. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-004-0864-4. Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César, Luis Palomeque-del-Cerro, Cleofás Rodríguez-Blanco, Antonia Gómez-Conesa, and Juan C. Miangolarra-Page. 2007. "Changes in Neck Pain and Active Range of Motion After a Single Thoracic Spine Manipulation in Subjects Presenting with Mechanical Neck Pain: A Case Series." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 30 (4): 312-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2007.03.007. Grosso MJ, Hwang R, Mroz T, Benzel E, Steinmetz M P. 2013. "Relationship between Degree of Focal Kyphosis Correction and Neurological Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Cervical Deformity Correction Surgery." J Neurosurg Spine. 18 (6): 537-44. Harrison, D D E, R Cailliet, D D E Harrison, S J Troyanovich, and S O Harrison. 1999. "A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System--Part II: Spinal Cord Strains from Postural Loads." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 (5): 322-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10395435. Harrison, D E, R Cailliet, D D Harrison, S J Troyanovich, and S O Harrison. n.d. "A Review of Biomechanics of the Central Nervous System--Part III: Spinal Cord Stresses from Postural Loads and Their Neurologic Effects." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 (6): 399-410. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10478773. Jeffery Brent Feland Joseph William Myrer, +2 authors G W Measom. 2001. "The Effect of Duration of Stretching of the Hamstring Muscle Group for Increasing Range of Motion in People Aged 65 Years or Older." Physical Therapy, May. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.5.1110.
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: University of Sharjah
investigator full name: Ibrahim Moustafa
investigator title: Associate professor-chair of Physiotherapy Department Affiliation: University of Sharjah
mesh term: Neck Pain
sharing ipd: Yes
ipd description: There is a plan to make individual participant data and related data dictionaries available
ipd info type: Study Protocol
ipd info type: Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)
ipd time frame: After 6 months and will become available for one year
ipd access criteria: not identified yet