<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436094</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>22042020</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04436094</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Soft Tissue Outcomes Of Badly Broken-Down Teeth Treated With Orthodontic Extrusion Compared With Immediate Implant Placement</brief_title>
  <official_title>Soft Tissue Outcomes Of Badly Broken-Down Teeth Treated With Orthodontic Extrusion Compared With Immediate Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Cairo University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Cairo University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Many patients suffer from tooth substance loss as a result of fracture or decay of teeth&#xD;
      situated in the esthetic zone. This might commonly occur with car accidents, sport injuries,&#xD;
      falls or even fistfights.&#xD;
&#xD;
      For those patients, most of the crown is lost and only the root remains, so there is no&#xD;
      enough ferrule in order to restore the tooth with a crown.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The most common treatment for those patients is immediate single-tooth implant. However, some&#xD;
      problems may arise such as: high treatment expenses, the need for bone augmentation, the&#xD;
      refill of the papilla to its normal position may be questionable in some implant cases, young&#xD;
      growing patients, apprehensive patients, dental facilities and rural areas lacking cone beam&#xD;
      computed tomography (CBCT) machines.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Accordingly, orthodontic extrusion may be an alternative attempt to preserve the tooth by&#xD;
      traction of the remaining root to create a sufficient ferrule effect to restore the tooth.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Not yet recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Anticipated">September 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">September 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">September 2021</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Soft tissue outcome</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Pink esthetic score: 0-1-2 scoring system, 0 being the lowest, 2 being the highest value</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Survival</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Tooth and Implant survival</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">26</enrollment>
  <condition>Broken Teeth</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Orthodontic extrusion</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>An orthodontic attachment will be bonded to the core of the experimental tooth. Orthodontic brackets &quot;American Orthodontics Roth prescription. 0.022&quot; slot&quot; will be bonded to the adjacent teeth. A passive rectangular stainless steel wire (0.016X0.022&quot;) will be inserted in the adjacent teeth with a step down and a coil at the site of the experimental tooth.&#xD;
Orthodontic extrusion will start using a light overlay wire of 0.012&quot; NiTi and then continued by elastic chains/ threads extending between the attachment on the tooth and the stabilizing wire. The patient is followed up for appliance activation every 3-4 weeks and extrusion is performed until an adequate ferrule effect of 2 mm is present all around the tooth circumference (in addition to the biologic width). So the extrusion is completed when the tooth is 4-4.5 mm from the alveolar bone crest as judged by periapical radiographs.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Immediate implant placement</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>The patient is anaesthetized. Atraumatic extraction of the badly broken down teeth will be performed using peroiotome. Luxation should be done mesiodistally and not buccolingually, to avoid damaging the buccal plate. After tooth removal, a curette is used to confirm that the location of the buccal plate is intact. Standard drilling procedures are performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then the implant is placed in the prepared site. Temporization should be done using composite 3M Filtek Z250 XT material. Finally, a porcelain fused to zirconia crown will be performed.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Orthodontic extrusion</intervention_name>
    <description>An orthodontic attachment will be bonded to the core of the experimental tooth. Orthodontic brackets &quot;American Orthodontics Roth prescription. 0.022&quot; slot&quot; will be bonded to the adjacent teeth. A passive rectangular stainless steel wire (0.016X0.022&quot;) will be inserted in the adjacent teeth with a step down and a coil at the site of the experimental tooth.&#xD;
Orthodontic extrusion will start using a light overlay wire of 0.012&quot; NiTi and then continued by elastic chains/ threads extending between the attachment on the tooth and the stabilizing wire. The patient is followed up for appliance activation every 3-4 weeks and extrusion is performed until an adequate ferrule effect of 2 mm is present all around the tooth circumference (in addition to the biologic width). So the extrusion is completed when the tooth is 4-4.5 mm from the alveolar bone crest as judged by periapical radiographs.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Orthodontic extrusion</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Immediate implant placement</intervention_name>
    <description>The patient is anaesthetized. Atraumatic extraction of the badly broken down teeth will be performed using peroiotome. Luxation should be done mesiodistally and not buccolingually, to avoid damaging the buccal plate. After tooth removal, a curette is used to confirm that the location of the buccal plate is intact. Standard drilling procedures are performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then the implant is placed in the prepared site. Temporization should be done using composite 3M Filtek Z250 XT material. Finally, a porcelain fused to zirconia crown will be performed.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Immediate implant placement</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients at 20-40 years old and have no history of periodontal disease. (periodontally&#xD;
             healthy patients).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Single rooted teeth with adjacent intact or restored neighboring teeth, more than one&#xD;
             tooth may be included in the same arch.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  More than 1:1 crown root ratio, so that the C/R is 1:1 after extrusion and&#xD;
             restoration.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presence of intact adjacent teeth.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Badly broken-down teeth with active signs of infection.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Teeth with vertical root fracture.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Teeth with severely tapered roots..&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Diabetic patients, assessed by measuring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Patients&#xD;
             with an HbA1c level greater than 8 will be excluded.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Potentially uncooperative patients who are not willing to go through the proposed&#xD;
             interventions (patients who will refuse to undergo orthodontic treatment).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Moderate-to-heavy daily smokers* (who report consuming at least 11 cigarettes/day).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients with systemic disease that may affect normal healing.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Psychiatric problems, emotional instability, and unrealistic esthetic demands.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of radiation therapy to the head and neck, or bone augmentation to implant&#xD;
             site.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Labial cortical bone fenestration diagnosed from CBCT.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Bruxism.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>20 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>40 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Moustafa O Shehata, B.D.S.</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Cairo University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Moustafa O Shehata, B.D.S.</last_name>
    <phone>00201225897482</phone>
    <email>moustafa.hassan@dentistry.cu.edu.eg</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>Ismail T Mansour, B.D.S.</last_name>
    <phone>00201003361428</phone>
    <email>ismail.mansour@dentistry.cu.edu.eg</email>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <reference>
    <citation>Bastone EB, Freer TJ, McNamara JR. Epidemiology of dental trauma: a review of the literature. Aust Dent J. 2000 Mar;45(1):2-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2000.tb00234.x.</citation>
    <PMID>10846265</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Juloski J, Radovic I, Goracci C, Vulicevic ZR, Ferrari M. Ferrule effect: a literature review. J Endod. 2012 Jan;38(1):11-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.09.024. Epub 2011 Nov 13.</citation>
    <PMID>22152612</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Olsburgh S, Jacoby T, Krejci I. Crown fractures in the permanent dentition: pulpal and restorative considerations. Dent Traumatol. 2002 Jun;18(3):103-15. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-9657.2002.00004.x.</citation>
    <PMID>12110103</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Rosenberg ES, Cho SC, Garber DA. Crown lengthening revisited. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1999 Jun;20(6):527-32, 534, 536-8 passim; quiz 542.</citation>
    <PMID>10650366</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Grossmann Y, Sadan A. The prosthodontic concept of crown-to-root ratio: a review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Jun;93(6):559-62. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.03.006.</citation>
    <PMID>15942617</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Alsahhaf A, Att W. Orthodontic extrusion for pre-implant site enhancement: Principles and clinical guidelines. J Prosthodont Res. 2016 Jul;60(3):145-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.02.004. Epub 2016 Mar 12.</citation>
    <PMID>26979626</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Elkhadem A, Mickan S, Richards D. Adverse events of surgical extrusion in treatment for crown-root and cervical root fractures: a systematic review of case series/reports. Dent Traumatol. 2014 Feb;30(1):1-14. doi: 10.1111/edt.12051. Epub 2013 Jun 25.</citation>
    <PMID>23796195</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Yuan LT, Duan DM, Tan L, Wang XJ, Wu LA. Treatment for a complicated crown-root fracture with intentional replantation: a case report with a 3.5-year follow up. Dent Traumatol. 2013 Dec;29(6):474-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2012.01130.x. Epub 2012 Mar 27.</citation>
    <PMID>22453056</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Malmgren O, Malmgren B, Frykholm A. Rapid orthodontic extrusion of crown root and cervical root fractured teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1991 Apr;7(2):49-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1991.tb00183.x.</citation>
    <PMID>1782893</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schwartz-Arad D, Chaushu G. Placement of implants into fresh extraction sites: 4 to 7 years retrospective evaluation of 95 immediate implants. J Periodontol. 1997 Nov;68(11):1110-6. doi: 10.1902/jop.1997.68.11.1110.</citation>
    <PMID>9407405</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Furhauser R, Florescu D, Benesch T, Haas R, Mailath G, Watzek G. Evaluation of soft tissue around single-tooth implant crowns: the pink esthetic score. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Dec;16(6):639-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01193.x.</citation>
    <PMID>16307569</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986 Summer;1(1):11-25. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>3527955</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Smith DE, Zarb GA. Criteria for success of osseointegrated endosseous implants. J Prosthet Dent. 1989 Nov;62(5):567-72. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(89)90081-4.</citation>
    <PMID>2691661</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Albrektsson T, Zarb GA. Determinants of correct clinical reporting. Int J Prosthodont. 1998 Sep-Oct;11(5):517-21. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>9922743</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Misch CE, Perel ML, Wang HL, Sammartino G, Galindo-Moreno P, Trisi P, Steigmann M, Rebaudi A, Palti A, Pikos MA, Schwartz-Arad D, Choukroun J, Gutierrez-Perez JL, Marenzi G, Valavanis DK. Implant success, survival, and failure: the International Congress of Oral Implantologists (ICOI) Pisa Consensus Conference. Implant Dent. 2008 Mar;17(1):5-15. doi: 10.1097/ID.0b013e3181676059.</citation>
    <PMID>18332753</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Annibali S, Bignozzi I, La Monaca G, Cristalli MP. Usefulness of the aesthetic result as a success criterion for implant therapy: a review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Mar;14(1):3-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00234.x. Epub 2009 Aug 6.</citation>
    <PMID>19673953</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Meijer HJ, Stellingsma K, Meijndert L, Raghoebar GM. A new index for rating aesthetics of implant-supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues--the Implant Crown Aesthetic Index. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Dec;16(6):645-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01128.x.</citation>
    <PMID>16307570</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Belser UC, Grutter L, Vailati F, Bornstein MM, Weber HP, Buser D. Outcome evaluation of early placed maxillary anterior single-tooth implants using objective esthetic criteria: a cross-sectional, retrospective study in 45 patients with a 2- to 4-year follow-up using pink and white esthetic scores. J Periodontol. 2009 Jan;80(1):140-51. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.080435.</citation>
    <PMID>19228100</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Sheng L, Silvestrin T, Zhan J, Wu L, Zhao Q, Cao Z, Lou Z, Ma Q. Replacement of severely traumatized teeth with immediate implants and immediate loading: literature review and case reports. Dent Traumatol. 2015 Dec;31(6):493-503. doi: 10.1111/edt.12201. Epub 2015 Jul 14.</citation>
    <PMID>26176171</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>June 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>June 15, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>June 16, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 17, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 16, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 16, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">June 17, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Cairo University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Moustafa Osama Shehata</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Principal Investigator</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Tooth Fractures</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Yes</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04436094
org study id: 22042020
nct id: NCT04436094
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Many patients suffer from tooth substance loss as a result of fracture or decay of teeth
      situated in the esthetic zone. This might commonly occur with car accidents, sport injuries,
      falls or even fistfights.

      For those patients, most of the crown is lost and only the root remains, so there is no
      enough ferrule in order to restore the tooth with a crown.

      The most common treatment for those patients is immediate single-tooth implant. However, some
      problems may arise such as: high treatment expenses, the need for bone augmentation, the
      refill of the papilla to its normal position may be questionable in some implant cases, young
      growing patients, apprehensive patients, dental facilities and rural areas lacking cone beam
      computed tomography (CBCT) machines.

      Accordingly, orthodontic extrusion may be an alternative attempt to preserve the tooth by
      traction of the remaining root to create a sufficient ferrule effect to restore the tooth.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Soft tissue outcome
time frame: 12 months
description: Pink esthetic score: 0-1-2 scoring system, 0 being the lowest, 2 being the highest value
measure: Survival
time frame: 12 months
description: Tooth and Implant survival
arm group label: Orthodontic extrusion
arm group type: Experimental
description: An orthodontic attachment will be bonded to the core of the experimental tooth. Orthodontic brackets "American Orthodontics Roth prescription. 0.022" slot" will be bonded to the adjacent teeth. A passive rectangular stainless steel wire (0.016X0.022") will be inserted in the adjacent teeth with a step down and a coil at the site of the experimental tooth.
Orthodontic extrusion will start using a light overlay wire of 0.012" NiTi and then continued by elastic chains/ threads extending between the attachment on the tooth and the stabilizing wire. The patient is followed up for appliance activation every 3-4 weeks and extrusion is performed until an adequate ferrule effect of 2 mm is present all around the tooth circumference (in addition to the biologic width). So the extrusion is completed when the tooth is 4-4.5 mm from the alveolar bone crest as judged by periapical radiographs.
arm group label: Immediate implant placement
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: The patient is anaesthetized. Atraumatic extraction of the badly broken down teeth will be performed using peroiotome. Luxation should be done mesiodistally and not buccolingually, to avoid damaging the buccal plate. After tooth removal, a curette is used to confirm that the location of the buccal plate is intact. Standard drilling procedures are performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then the implant is placed in the prepared site. Temporization should be done using composite 3M Filtek Z250 XT material. Finally, a porcelain fused to zirconia crown will be performed.
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Orthodontic extrusion
description: An orthodontic attachment will be bonded to the core of the experimental tooth. Orthodontic brackets "American Orthodontics Roth prescription. 0.022" slot" will be bonded to the adjacent teeth. A passive rectangular stainless steel wire (0.016X0.022") will be inserted in the adjacent teeth with a step down and a coil at the site of the experimental tooth.
Orthodontic extrusion will start using a light overlay wire of 0.012" NiTi and then continued by elastic chains/ threads extending between the attachment on the tooth and the stabilizing wire. The patient is followed up for appliance activation every 3-4 weeks and extrusion is performed until an adequate ferrule effect of 2 mm is present all around the tooth circumference (in addition to the biologic width). So the extrusion is completed when the tooth is 4-4.5 mm from the alveolar bone crest as judged by periapical radiographs.
arm group label: Orthodontic extrusion
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Immediate implant placement
description: The patient is anaesthetized. Atraumatic extraction of the badly broken down teeth will be performed using peroiotome. Luxation should be done mesiodistally and not buccolingually, to avoid damaging the buccal plate. After tooth removal, a curette is used to confirm that the location of the buccal plate is intact. Standard drilling procedures are performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then the implant is placed in the prepared site. Temporization should be done using composite 3M Filtek Z250 XT material. Finally, a porcelain fused to zirconia crown will be performed.
arm group label: Immediate implant placement
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 20 Years
maximum age: 40 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Moustafa O Shehata, B.D.S.
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Cairo University
last name: Moustafa O Shehata, B.D.S.
phone: 00201225897482
email: moustafa.hassan@dentistry.cu.edu.eg
last name: Ismail T Mansour, B.D.S.
phone: 00201003361428
email: ismail.mansour@dentistry.cu.edu.eg
citation: Bastone EB, Freer TJ, McNamara JR. Epidemiology of dental trauma: a review of the literature. Aust Dent J. 2000 Mar;45(1):2-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2000.tb00234.x.
PMID: 10846265
citation: Juloski J, Radovic I, Goracci C, Vulicevic ZR, Ferrari M. Ferrule effect: a literature review. J Endod. 2012 Jan;38(1):11-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.09.024. Epub 2011 Nov 13.
PMID: 22152612
citation: Olsburgh S, Jacoby T, Krejci I. Crown fractures in the permanent dentition: pulpal and restorative considerations. Dent Traumatol. 2002 Jun;18(3):103-15. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-9657.2002.00004.x.
PMID: 12110103
citation: Rosenberg ES, Cho SC, Garber DA. Crown lengthening revisited. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1999 Jun;20(6):527-32, 534, 536-8 passim; quiz 542.
PMID: 10650366
citation: Grossmann Y, Sadan A. The prosthodontic concept of crown-to-root ratio: a review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Jun;93(6):559-62. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.03.006.
PMID: 15942617
citation: Alsahhaf A, Att W. Orthodontic extrusion for pre-implant site enhancement: Principles and clinical guidelines. J Prosthodont Res. 2016 Jul;60(3):145-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.02.004. Epub 2016 Mar 12.
PMID: 26979626
citation: Elkhadem A, Mickan S, Richards D. Adverse events of surgical extrusion in treatment for crown-root and cervical root fractures: a systematic review of case series/reports. Dent Traumatol. 2014 Feb;30(1):1-14. doi: 10.1111/edt.12051. Epub 2013 Jun 25.
PMID: 23796195
citation: Yuan LT, Duan DM, Tan L, Wang XJ, Wu LA. Treatment for a complicated crown-root fracture with intentional replantation: a case report with a 3.5-year follow up. Dent Traumatol. 2013 Dec;29(6):474-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2012.01130.x. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
PMID: 22453056
citation: Malmgren O, Malmgren B, Frykholm A. Rapid orthodontic extrusion of crown root and cervical root fractured teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1991 Apr;7(2):49-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1991.tb00183.x.
PMID: 1782893
citation: Schwartz-Arad D, Chaushu G. Placement of implants into fresh extraction sites: 4 to 7 years retrospective evaluation of 95 immediate implants. J Periodontol. 1997 Nov;68(11):1110-6. doi: 10.1902/jop.1997.68.11.1110.
PMID: 9407405
citation: Furhauser R, Florescu D, Benesch T, Haas R, Mailath G, Watzek G. Evaluation of soft tissue around single-tooth implant crowns: the pink esthetic score. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Dec;16(6):639-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01193.x.
PMID: 16307569
citation: Albrektsson T, Zarb G, Worthington P, Eriksson AR. The long-term efficacy of currently used dental implants: a review and proposed criteria of success. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1986 Summer;1(1):11-25. No abstract available.
PMID: 3527955
citation: Smith DE, Zarb GA. Criteria for success of osseointegrated endosseous implants. J Prosthet Dent. 1989 Nov;62(5):567-72. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(89)90081-4.
PMID: 2691661
citation: Albrektsson T, Zarb GA. Determinants of correct clinical reporting. Int J Prosthodont. 1998 Sep-Oct;11(5):517-21. No abstract available.
PMID: 9922743
citation: Misch CE, Perel ML, Wang HL, Sammartino G, Galindo-Moreno P, Trisi P, Steigmann M, Rebaudi A, Palti A, Pikos MA, Schwartz-Arad D, Choukroun J, Gutierrez-Perez JL, Marenzi G, Valavanis DK. Implant success, survival, and failure: the International Congress of Oral Implantologists (ICOI) Pisa Consensus Conference. Implant Dent. 2008 Mar;17(1):5-15. doi: 10.1097/ID.0b013e3181676059.
PMID: 18332753
citation: Annibali S, Bignozzi I, La Monaca G, Cristalli MP. Usefulness of the aesthetic result as a success criterion for implant therapy: a review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Mar;14(1):3-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00234.x. Epub 2009 Aug 6.
PMID: 19673953
citation: Meijer HJ, Stellingsma K, Meijndert L, Raghoebar GM. A new index for rating aesthetics of implant-supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues--the Implant Crown Aesthetic Index. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005 Dec;16(6):645-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01128.x.
PMID: 16307570
citation: Belser UC, Grutter L, Vailati F, Bornstein MM, Weber HP, Buser D. Outcome evaluation of early placed maxillary anterior single-tooth implants using objective esthetic criteria: a cross-sectional, retrospective study in 45 patients with a 2- to 4-year follow-up using pink and white esthetic scores. J Periodontol. 2009 Jan;80(1):140-51. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.080435.
PMID: 19228100
citation: Sheng L, Silvestrin T, Zhan J, Wu L, Zhao Q, Cao Z, Lou Z, Ma Q. Replacement of severely traumatized teeth with immediate implants and immediate loading: literature review and case reports. Dent Traumatol. 2015 Dec;31(6):493-503. doi: 10.1111/edt.12201. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
PMID: 26176171
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Cairo University
investigator full name: Moustafa Osama Shehata
investigator title: Principal Investigator
mesh term: Tooth Fractures
sharing ipd: Yes