<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04427566</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>VENTED</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT04427566</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Low Dose Whole Lung Radiation Therapy for Patients With COVID-19 and Respiratory Compromise</brief_title>
  <acronym>VENTED</acronym>
  <official_title>Vented COVID: A Phase II Study Of The Use Of Ultra Low-Dose Bilateral Whole Lung Radiation Therapy in the Treatment Of Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 Respiratory Compromise</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>Yes</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Low doses of radiation in the form of chest X-rays have been used to treat people with&#xD;
      pneumonia. This treatment was found to be effective by reducing inflammation and with minimal&#xD;
      side effects. However, it was an expensive treatment and was eventually replaced with less&#xD;
      costly treatments such as antibiotics. Radiation has also been shown in some animal&#xD;
      experiments to reduce some types of inflammation.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Some patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia will experience worsening disease, which can&#xD;
      become very serious, requiring the use of a ventilator. This is caused by inflammation in the&#xD;
      lung from the virus and the immune system. For this study, the x-ray given is called&#xD;
      radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-ray beams from a large machine to&#xD;
      target the lungs and reduce inflammation. Usually, it is given at much higher doses to treat&#xD;
      cancers.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The purpose of this study is to find out if adding a single treatment of low-dose x-rays to&#xD;
      the lungs might reduce the amount of inflammation in the lungs from a COVID-19 infection,&#xD;
      which could help a patient to breathe without use of a ventilator.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The primary outcome is the mortality rate 30 days after the ICU-based mechanical ventilation&#xD;
      initiation.Based on current data available, the mortality rate for ventilated patients is&#xD;
      assumed to be 80% in the current design. An interim futility analysis will be conducted after&#xD;
      16 evaluable patients have received the ultralow dose-whole lung radiation therapy&#xD;
      (ULD-WLRT). If at least 3 patients survive for at least 30 days, we will enroll additional 8&#xD;
      patients (total of 24 patients). Otherwise, the trial will stop for further evaluation. Due&#xD;
      to the limited data currently available in local institutions about a 30 day mortality rate ,&#xD;
      we will retrospectively evaluate the mortality rate of the ventilated patients without the&#xD;
      ULD-WLRT in our institution when data is available.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Time to event secondary objectives (e.g. overall survival, time to discharge) analyses will&#xD;
      be performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, with a competing risk model (leaving the&#xD;
      study because of death), including effects for demographic/clinical characteristics in the&#xD;
      model. Proportional endpoints (such as % patients off ventilator) will be calculated along&#xD;
      with the 95% Clopper-Pearson exact confidence interval. Pre/post measurements will be&#xD;
      evaluated using linear mixed models for repeated measures (with proper data transformation as&#xD;
      needed). Association between demographic/clinical characteristics and other secondary&#xD;
      objectives (size of ground glass opacities (GGO)/opacification, for example) will be&#xD;
      accomplished with generalized linear models.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">July 23, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 31, 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">December 31, 2021</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 2</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Mortality rate of subjects treated with whole lung low-dose radiation</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation delivery</time_frame>
    <description>Death date of subjects will be collected from the date of radiation up to 1 month post radiation dose</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Survival rate of subjects treated with whole lung low-dose radiation</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 18 months post radiation delivery</time_frame>
    <description>Subject survival will be collected in number of days through 18 months post treatment</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in number of Intensive care unit days</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation delivery</time_frame>
    <description>Number of intensive care days</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in number of days using supplemental oxygen</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation delivery</time_frame>
    <description>Number of days using supplemental oxygen</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in oxygenation index/oxygen saturation index for 14 days post treatment or until extubated</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation</time_frame>
    <description>Oxygenation index/oxygen saturation until extubation</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quantitation of Lung Involvement using Chest CT</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation</time_frame>
    <description>Measure as a percent, the amount of pneumonia involvement of each lung segment (right upper lobe, right middle lobe, right lower lobe, left upper lobe and left lower lobe) from chest CT images at day 7, 14 and 28. Each lung segment can have involvement from 0 % (no involvement) up to 100% (complete pneumonia involvement of segment)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quantitation of Lung Opacities using Chest CT</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days post radiation</time_frame>
    <description>Semi-quantitation of ground glass opacities or lung opacification with a score of 0-5 from Chest CT images at day 7, 14 and 28 for each of the 5 lobes of the lungs. The scoring system is as follows: 0, no involvement; 1, &lt;5% involvement; 2, 25% involvement, 3, 26-49% involvement; 4, 50-75% involvement; and 5, &gt;75% involvement.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>SARS-CoV2 viral titers</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days</time_frame>
    <description>Determine viral titers at baseline, days 7, 14 and 28.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Incidence of adverse events, including severity and duration, for administration of low dose radiation to lungs</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days</time_frame>
    <description>Review adverse events, including severity and duration, for all subjects to determine safety of the radiation treatment for pneumonia due to COVID-19.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in performance status after low dose radiation to lungs</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 28 days</time_frame>
    <description>Performance status will be evaluated using the Karnofsky Performance Scale Index at baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days post radiation dose. Scores range from 100 (normal, no complaints) to 0 (dead). A higher number indicates the ability to carry out normal daily activities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">24</enrollment>
  <condition>COVID-19</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Radiation Arm</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Each subject will receive a dose of whole lung radiation. A second optional dose of 80 cGy may be delivered if no improvement after 3-10 days.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Radiation</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Radiation therapy</intervention_name>
    <description>Patients will be treated with a single dose of 80 cGy to the bilateral lungs in a manner that is simplified such that it can be designed and delivered quickly in one session. No specific normal tissue constraints are employed in this protocol.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Radiation Arm</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Linear accelerator</other_name>
    <other_name>x-rays</other_name>
    <other_name>LINAC</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19 based within 14 days of enrollment.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  CT or radiographic findings typical of COVID-19 pneumonia within 5 days of enrollment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Receiving ICU-based mechanical ventilation&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Life expectancy ≥ 24 hours, as judged by investigator&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Hypoxemia defined as a Pa/FIO2 ratio &lt; 300 or SpO2/FiO2 &lt; 315&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Signed informed consent by patient or his or her legal/authorized representative&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Moribund with survival expected &lt; 24 hours, as judged by investigator and treating&#xD;
             team&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Expected survival &lt; 30 days, as judged by investigator and treating team, due to&#xD;
             chronic illness present prior to COVID infection&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patient or legal representative not committed to full disease specific therapy, i.e.&#xD;
             comfort care (DNRCCA is allowed)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Treatment with immune suppressing medications in the last 30 days (steroids for acute&#xD;
             respiratory distress syndrome or septic shock allowed)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presumed COVID-associated illness greater than 14-days&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Inpatient admission greater than 14-days&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patient deemed unsafe for travel for radiation therapy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Chronic hypoxemia requiring supplemental oxygen at baseline&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Documented active connective tissue disease (scleroderma) or idiopathic pulmonary&#xD;
             fibrosis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of prior radiation therapy resulting in ≥grade 2 radiation pneumonitis within&#xD;
             365 days of enrollment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Active or history of prior radiation to the thorax completed within 180 days of&#xD;
             enrollment (skin or surface only skin treatments are acceptable)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known active uncontrolled bacterial or fungal infections of the lung.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Active cytotoxic chemotherapy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Females who are pregnant or have a positive pregnancy test&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Breast feeding&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Note: concurrent administration of convalescent immune plasma therapy either on&#xD;
             clinical trial or as a standard therapy not an exclusion criterion, but will be noted&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Arnab Chakravarti</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>James Cancer Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Arnab Chakravarti</last_name>
    <phone>614-293-0672</phone>
    <email>Arnab.Chakravarti@osumc.edu</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>Kimberly Mahler</last_name>
    <phone>614-685-4247</phone>
    <email>kimberly.mahler@osumc.edu</email>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute at Ohio State University Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Columbus</city>
        <state>Ohio</state>
        <zip>43210</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Arnab Chakravarti, MD</last_name>
      <phone>614-293-8415</phone>
      <email>Arnab.Chakravarti@osumc.edu</email>
    </contact>
    <investigator>
      <last_name>Arnab Chakravarti, MD</last_name>
      <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    </investigator>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3. Epub 2020 Mar 11. Erratum In: Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038.</citation>
    <PMID>32171076</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. Epub 2020 Jan 30.</citation>
    <PMID>32007143</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G. How radiotherapy was historically used to treat pneumonia: could it be useful today? Yale J Biol Med. 2013 Dec 13;86(4):555-70.</citation>
    <PMID>24348219</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Rodel F, Keilholz L, Herrmann M, Sauer R, Hildebrandt G. Radiobiological mechanisms in inflammatory diseases of low-dose radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Jun;83(6):357-66. doi: 10.1080/09553000701317358.</citation>
    <PMID>17487675</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schaue D, Jahns J, Hildebrandt G, Trott KR. Radiation treatment of acute inflammation in mice. Int J Radiat Biol. 2005 Sep;81(9):657-67. doi: 10.1080/09553000500385556.</citation>
    <PMID>16368644</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, Cao Y, Alwalid O, Gu J, Fan Y, Zheng C. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;20(4):425-434. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4. Epub 2020 Feb 24.</citation>
    <PMID>32105637</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Kozumbo WJ. Radiotherapy treatment of human inflammatory diseases and conditions: Optimal dose. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2019 Aug;38(8):888-898. doi: 10.1177/0960327119846925. Epub 2019 May 6.</citation>
    <PMID>31060383</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>March 2021</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>June 5, 2020</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>June 9, 2020</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">June 11, 2020</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 11, 2021</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 11, 2021</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 15, 2021</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Arnab Chakravarti</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Principal Investigator</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>ventilator</keyword>
  <keyword>radiation</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>COVID-19</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04427566
org study id: VENTED
nct id: NCT04427566
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: Yes
Low doses of radiation in the form of chest X-rays have been used to treat people with
      pneumonia. This treatment was found to be effective by reducing inflammation and with minimal
      side effects. However, it was an expensive treatment and was eventually replaced with less
      costly treatments such as antibiotics. Radiation has also been shown in some animal
      experiments to reduce some types of inflammation.

      Some patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia will experience worsening disease, which can
      become very serious, requiring the use of a ventilator. This is caused by inflammation in the
      lung from the virus and the immune system. For this study, the x-ray given is called
      radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-ray beams from a large machine to
      target the lungs and reduce inflammation. Usually, it is given at much higher doses to treat
      cancers.

      The purpose of this study is to find out if adding a single treatment of low-dose x-rays to
      the lungs might reduce the amount of inflammation in the lungs from a COVID-19 infection,
      which could help a patient to breathe without use of a ventilator.
The primary outcome is the mortality rate 30 days after the ICU-based mechanical ventilation
      initiation.Based on current data available, the mortality rate for ventilated patients is
      assumed to be 80% in the current design. An interim futility analysis will be conducted after
      16 evaluable patients have received the ultralow dose-whole lung radiation therapy
      (ULD-WLRT). If at least 3 patients survive for at least 30 days, we will enroll additional 8
      patients (total of 24 patients). Otherwise, the trial will stop for further evaluation. Due
      to the limited data currently available in local institutions about a 30 day mortality rate ,
      we will retrospectively evaluate the mortality rate of the ventilated patients without the
      ULD-WLRT in our institution when data is available.

      Time to event secondary objectives (e.g. overall survival, time to discharge) analyses will
      be performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, with a competing risk model (leaving the
      study because of death), including effects for demographic/clinical characteristics in the
      model. Proportional endpoints (such as % patients off ventilator) will be calculated along
      with the 95% Clopper-Pearson exact confidence interval. Pre/post measurements will be
      evaluated using linear mixed models for repeated measures (with proper data transformation as
      needed). Association between demographic/clinical characteristics and other secondary
      objectives (size of ground glass opacities (GGO)/opacification, for example) will be
      accomplished with generalized linear models.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Mortality rate of subjects treated with whole lung low-dose radiation
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation delivery
description: Death date of subjects will be collected from the date of radiation up to 1 month post radiation dose
measure: Survival rate of subjects treated with whole lung low-dose radiation
time frame: up to 18 months post radiation delivery
description: Subject survival will be collected in number of days through 18 months post treatment
measure: Change in number of Intensive care unit days
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation delivery
description: Number of intensive care days
measure: Change in number of days using supplemental oxygen
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation delivery
description: Number of days using supplemental oxygen
measure: Change in oxygenation index/oxygen saturation index for 14 days post treatment or until extubated
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation
description: Oxygenation index/oxygen saturation until extubation
measure: Quantitation of Lung Involvement using Chest CT
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation
description: Measure as a percent, the amount of pneumonia involvement of each lung segment (right upper lobe, right middle lobe, right lower lobe, left upper lobe and left lower lobe) from chest CT images at day 7, 14 and 28. Each lung segment can have involvement from 0 % (no involvement) up to 100% (complete pneumonia involvement of segment)
measure: Quantitation of Lung Opacities using Chest CT
time frame: up to 28 days post radiation
description: Semi-quantitation of ground glass opacities or lung opacification with a score of 0-5 from Chest CT images at day 7, 14 and 28 for each of the 5 lobes of the lungs. The scoring system is as follows: 0, no involvement; 1, <5% involvement; 2, 25% involvement, 3, 26-49% involvement; 4, 50-75% involvement; and 5, >75% involvement.
measure: SARS-CoV2 viral titers
time frame: up to 28 days
description: Determine viral titers at baseline, days 7, 14 and 28.
measure: Incidence of adverse events, including severity and duration, for administration of low dose radiation to lungs
time frame: up to 28 days
description: Review adverse events, including severity and duration, for all subjects to determine safety of the radiation treatment for pneumonia due to COVID-19.
measure: Change in performance status after low dose radiation to lungs
time frame: up to 28 days
description: Performance status will be evaluated using the Karnofsky Performance Scale Index at baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days post radiation dose. Scores range from 100 (normal, no complaints) to 0 (dead). A higher number indicates the ability to carry out normal daily activities.
arm group label: Radiation Arm
arm group type: Experimental
description: Each subject will receive a dose of whole lung radiation. A second optional dose of 80 cGy may be delivered if no improvement after 3-10 days.
intervention type: Radiation
intervention name: Radiation therapy
description: Patients will be treated with a single dose of 80 cGy to the bilateral lungs in a manner that is simplified such that it can be designed and delivered quickly in one session. No specific normal tissue constraints are employed in this protocol.
arm group label: Radiation Arm
other name: Linear accelerator
other name: x-rays
other name: LINAC
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Arnab Chakravarti
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: James Cancer Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology
last name: Arnab Chakravarti
phone: 614-293-0672
email: Arnab.Chakravarti@osumc.edu
last name: Kimberly Mahler
phone: 614-685-4247
email: kimberly.mahler@osumc.edu
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
investigator: 
country: United States
citation: Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3. Epub 2020 Mar 11. Erratum In: Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1038.
PMID: 32171076
citation: Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
PMID: 32007143
citation: Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G. How radiotherapy was historically used to treat pneumonia: could it be useful today? Yale J Biol Med. 2013 Dec 13;86(4):555-70.
PMID: 24348219
citation: Rodel F, Keilholz L, Herrmann M, Sauer R, Hildebrandt G. Radiobiological mechanisms in inflammatory diseases of low-dose radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Jun;83(6):357-66. doi: 10.1080/09553000701317358.
PMID: 17487675
citation: Schaue D, Jahns J, Hildebrandt G, Trott KR. Radiation treatment of acute inflammation in mice. Int J Radiat Biol. 2005 Sep;81(9):657-67. doi: 10.1080/09553000500385556.
PMID: 16368644
citation: Shi H, Han X, Jiang N, Cao Y, Alwalid O, Gu J, Fan Y, Zheng C. Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;20(4):425-434. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
PMID: 32105637
citation: Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Kozumbo WJ. Radiotherapy treatment of human inflammatory diseases and conditions: Optimal dose. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2019 Aug;38(8):888-898. doi: 10.1177/0960327119846925. Epub 2019 May 6.
PMID: 31060383
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
investigator full name: Arnab Chakravarti
investigator title: Principal Investigator
mesh term: COVID-19
sharing ipd: No