<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03800342</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>VCO2-Proteomics</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03800342</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Recovery, Fatigability, and Proteomic Response to Aerobic Exercise Training in Healthy Individuals</brief_title>
  <official_title>Recovery, Fatigability, and Proteomic Response to Aerobic Exercise Training in Healthy Individuals</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>George Mason University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>George Mason University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The purpose of this protocol is to investigate the role of expired non-metabolic carbon&#xD;
      dioxide in the relationship between fatigability and recovery and the response to aerobic&#xD;
      exercise training in healthy individuals. Both fatigability and recovery are profoundly&#xD;
      influenced by mitochondrial energetics which can be inhibited by ionic by-product&#xD;
      accumulation during exercise. Buffering mechanisms of these fatigue-inducing ions releases&#xD;
      non-metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) that can be measured as expired CO2 (VCO2) during&#xD;
      cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), however the role of non-metabolic VCO2 in the&#xD;
      relationship between fatigability and recovery has yet to be investigated.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Furthermore, this study aims to identify the how the patterns of proteins in healthy&#xD;
      individuals respond to aerobic exercise training (e.g. stationary cycling) over approximately&#xD;
      one month. The underlying mechanisms of recovery after physical activity, including&#xD;
      mechanisms or biological pathways that could be highlighted by analysis of proteins in urine,&#xD;
      could add to scientific knowledge regarding physical activity tolerance and potential&#xD;
      exercise interventions. This knowledge could eventually assist with designing precise and&#xD;
      personalized exercise interventions to improve physical activity performance.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators hypothesize that 1) non-metabolic CO2 will be at least moderately&#xD;
      associated with the inverse relationship between fatigability and recovery; and 2) highly&#xD;
      active adults, compared to sedentary individuals, will exhibit differential proteomic&#xD;
      patterns in response to an initial acute bout and subsequent repeated bouts of aerobic&#xD;
      exercise.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Subjects will be recruited from the greater Washington D.C. metro area by word of mouth,&#xD;
      university classes, healthcare provider referral, social media posting, and by posted fliers.&#xD;
      Healthy males and females as determined by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire Plus&#xD;
      (PARQ+) will qualify to participate, regardless of their fitness level. The study design and&#xD;
      participation will be explained to those who are potentially interested in participating in&#xD;
      the study. Individuals interested in participating as subjects will complete the PARQ+ and&#xD;
      those answering &quot;no&quot; to all of the PARQ+ questions will qualify for inclusion. Those&#xD;
      answering &quot;yes&quot; to one or more of the questions will be asked follow-up questions to&#xD;
      determine if they meet inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjects will then be consented and&#xD;
      enrolled for participation.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Visit 1: Subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criterion will be consented&#xD;
      and enrolled in the study. Subjects will then complete the International Physical Activity&#xD;
      Questionnaire (IPAQ) to describe their current levels of physical activity. Height and weight&#xD;
      measurements of the subject will also be taken. Subjects will then complete a standard peak&#xD;
      cardiopulmonary exercise test (pkCPET) to volitional exhaustion with near infrared&#xD;
      spectroscopy (NIRS) assessment of muscle oxygenation and microvascular reactivity,&#xD;
      bioimpedance cardiographic (ZCG) assessment of cardiac output and stroke volume, and&#xD;
      electrocardiographic (EKG) measurement of heart rate (HR) at rest and during exercise. After&#xD;
      a 10-minute passive recovery period, subjects will perform an endurance based CPET (enCPET)&#xD;
      at intensity of 70% of the peak wattage reached during the pkCPET, again to volitional&#xD;
      exhaustion followed by a final 10-minute passive recovery period to conclude day one of&#xD;
      testing.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Visit 2: Subjects will complete a submaximal square-wave test (swCPET) for measurement of&#xD;
      oxygen on-kinetics. After a 10-minute recovery period, subjects will complete the same enCPET&#xD;
      they performed during Visit 1 testing. This testing will again be followed by a 10-minute&#xD;
      recovery period. EKG measurements of HR will be taken during exercise and rest periods.&#xD;
      Subjects will receive a urine collection cup to be used prior to visit 3. Subjects will be&#xD;
      asked to collect approximately 75-90 mL of urine on the morning of Visit 3 to provide upon&#xD;
      arrival. Subjects will be asked to log food intake using the form described below for 48&#xD;
      hours, starting 24 hours prior to Visit 3.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Visits 3-19: On days 3-19, subjects will complete a continuous high intensity aerobic&#xD;
      exercise training (AET) protocol. Subjects will warm up for approximately 5-minutes, exercise&#xD;
      within their predetermined HR range for 45 minutes, followed by a 5-10 min recovery period.&#xD;
      HR will be monitored using a Polar chest strap worn by the subject and a paired watch and the&#xD;
      heart rate reading on the cycle ergometer monitored by the investigators. The entire training&#xD;
      session will take approximately 60 minutes. Following Visit 3, subjects will be provided with&#xD;
      a 2nd urine sample cup and asked to collect a &quot;first-morning&quot; urine sample (75-90mL) at home&#xD;
      on the day after visit 3. Subjects will be asked to provide subsequent first-morning&#xD;
      midstream urine samples at home on the morning of and the morning after visits 7, 11, 15, and&#xD;
      19 (10 total urine samples). Subjects will be provided with a copy of their initial food log&#xD;
      and asked to repeat their nutritional intake for the same timeframe as the initial sample for&#xD;
      each subsequent sample (24 hours prior to pre-exercise sample until post-exercise sample).&#xD;
&#xD;
      Visit 20: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed at Visit 1 including a pkCPET,&#xD;
      10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in that order. NIRS, ZCG, and EKG again will&#xD;
      be collected throughout both the active and recovery portions of the testing.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Visit 21: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed on day two of testing including&#xD;
      a swCPET, 10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in the order. EKG data will again&#xD;
      be collected during the active and recovery portions of the testing.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 22, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">April 24, 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">April 24, 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>One arm, a single group of healthy individuals, will perform cardiopulmonary exercise testing pre and post an aerobic exercise training program.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Basic Science</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Non-metabolic VCO2</measure>
    <time_frame>pre and post 5 week (4 training sessions per week, 17 total sessions) aerobic exercise training protocol</time_frame>
    <description>Correlate measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) with the correlative relationship between fatigability (as measured by total time during an endurance CPET and on-kinetics during a constant square-wave CPET) and recovery (as measured by VO2 and VCO2 following maximal and submaximal CPET). Compare changes in measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) and changes in oxygen consumption (as measured by VO2) pre and post exercise training.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Urinary proteome</measure>
    <time_frame>This outcome will be assessed at 10 time points per participant: each morning of visits 3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16,19, and 20. Data will be collected during these 5 weeks and at post-testing occurring the week following the end of training.</time_frame>
    <description>Proteome of urine samples as measured by mass spectrometry</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">21</enrollment>
  <condition>Adult</condition>
  <condition>Fatigue</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Healthy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Healthy individuals will participate in two separate days of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) (separated by a minimum of two, maximum of 7 days apart) prior to starting the aerobic exercise training program (AET). Individuals will then complete a 4-5 week (4x/week x 17 sessions) continuous, high-intensity AET. Each training session will consist of cycling for 3-5 minutes to warm-up, 45 minutes at 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR-determined from pre-training CPET), and 5-10 minutes to cool down. Following the AET, individuals will repeat the two separate days of CPET performed pre-training.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Aerobic Exercise Training</intervention_name>
    <description>see arm/group description</description>
    <arm_group_label>Healthy</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  age 18-60&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  body mass index &gt; 19 to &lt;35 kg/m2&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  able to pedal leg cycle ergometer&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  able to comprehend and speak English&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  diabetes mellitus&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  significant pulmonary dysfunction (eg. chronic obstructive lung disease; interstitial&#xD;
             lung disease)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  hypertension&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  anemia&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  stroke&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  cancer (other than melanoma)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  cardiac, pulmonary, thyroid, autoimmune, musculoskeletal, neurological, metabolic&#xD;
             bone, mitochondrial, hepatic, renal, and/or psychiatric disease&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  abnormal blood lipids&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  active substance abuse or cognitive impairment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  chronic infection requiring antiviral or antibiotic treatment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  taking any medications that may limit exercise capacity or the ability to adapt to&#xD;
             aerobic exercise training&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  previously or currently on anticoagulant therapy or therapeutic hormone&#xD;
             replacement/supplementation (excluding birth control)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  pregnant&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  smoking&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>60 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Andrew A Guccione, PT, PhD, DPT</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>George Mason University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>George Mason University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Fairfax</city>
        <state>Virginia</state>
        <zip>22030</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
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    <citation>Vestergaard S, Nayfield SG, Patel KV, Eldadah B, Cesari M, Ferrucci L, Ceresini G, Guralnik JM. Fatigue in a representative population of older persons and its association with functional impairment, functional limitation, and disability. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Jan;64(1):76-82. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gln017. Epub 2009 Jan 27.</citation>
    <PMID>19176328</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schnelle JF, Buchowski MS, Ikizler TA, Durkin DW, Beuscher L, Simmons SF. Evaluation of two fatigability severity measures in elderly adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012 Aug;60(8):1527-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04062.x. Epub 2012 Aug 2.</citation>
    <PMID>22860899</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Alexander NB, Taffet GE, Horne FM, Eldadah BA, Ferrucci L, Nayfield S, Studenski S. Bedside-to-Bench conference: research agenda for idiopathic fatigue and aging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 May;58(5):967-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02811.x.</citation>
    <PMID>20722821</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Distefano G, Standley RA, Zhang X, Carnero EA, Yi F, Cornnell HH, Coen PM. Physical activity unveils the relationship between mitochondrial energetics, muscle quality, and physical function in older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018 Apr;9(2):279-294. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12272. Epub 2018 Jan 24.</citation>
    <PMID>29368427</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>de Groote P, Millaire A, Decoulx E, Nugue O, Guimier P, Ducloux. Kinetics of oxygen consumption during and after exercise in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. New markers of exercise intolerance with clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Jul;28(1):168-75. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00126-x.</citation>
    <PMID>8752810</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Garcia-Saldivia M, Ilarraza-Lomeli H, Myers J, Lara J, Bueno L. Effect of physical training on the recovery of acute exercise, among patients with cardiovascular disease. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2017 Jul-Sep;87(3):199-204. doi: 10.1016/j.acmx.2016.11.004. Epub 2016 Dec 13.</citation>
    <PMID>27979503</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ. A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Jun;60(6):2020-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1986.60.6.2020.</citation>
    <PMID>3087938</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Brooks, G. A., Fahey, T. D. &amp; Baldwin, K. M. Exercise physiology: human bioenergetics and its applications. (McGraw-Hill, 2005).</citation>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>May 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>January 10, 2019</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">January 11, 2019</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>May 14, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>May 14, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">May 16, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>recovery</keyword>
  <keyword>proteomics</keyword>
  <keyword>cardiorespiratory fitness</keyword>
  <keyword>exercise</keyword>
  <keyword>aerobic exercise training</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Fatigue</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03800342
org study id: VCO2-Proteomics
nct id: NCT03800342
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The purpose of this protocol is to investigate the role of expired non-metabolic carbon
      dioxide in the relationship between fatigability and recovery and the response to aerobic
      exercise training in healthy individuals. Both fatigability and recovery are profoundly
      influenced by mitochondrial energetics which can be inhibited by ionic by-product
      accumulation during exercise. Buffering mechanisms of these fatigue-inducing ions releases
      non-metabolic carbon dioxide (CO2) that can be measured as expired CO2 (VCO2) during
      cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), however the role of non-metabolic VCO2 in the
      relationship between fatigability and recovery has yet to be investigated.

      Furthermore, this study aims to identify the how the patterns of proteins in healthy
      individuals respond to aerobic exercise training (e.g. stationary cycling) over approximately
      one month. The underlying mechanisms of recovery after physical activity, including
      mechanisms or biological pathways that could be highlighted by analysis of proteins in urine,
      could add to scientific knowledge regarding physical activity tolerance and potential
      exercise interventions. This knowledge could eventually assist with designing precise and
      personalized exercise interventions to improve physical activity performance.

      The investigators hypothesize that 1) non-metabolic CO2 will be at least moderately
      associated with the inverse relationship between fatigability and recovery; and 2) highly
      active adults, compared to sedentary individuals, will exhibit differential proteomic
      patterns in response to an initial acute bout and subsequent repeated bouts of aerobic
      exercise.
Subjects will be recruited from the greater Washington D.C. metro area by word of mouth,
      university classes, healthcare provider referral, social media posting, and by posted fliers.
      Healthy males and females as determined by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire Plus
      (PARQ+) will qualify to participate, regardless of their fitness level. The study design and
      participation will be explained to those who are potentially interested in participating in
      the study. Individuals interested in participating as subjects will complete the PARQ+ and
      those answering "no" to all of the PARQ+ questions will qualify for inclusion. Those
      answering "yes" to one or more of the questions will be asked follow-up questions to
      determine if they meet inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjects will then be consented and
      enrolled for participation.

      Visit 1: Subjects meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criterion will be consented
      and enrolled in the study. Subjects will then complete the International Physical Activity
      Questionnaire (IPAQ) to describe their current levels of physical activity. Height and weight
      measurements of the subject will also be taken. Subjects will then complete a standard peak
      cardiopulmonary exercise test (pkCPET) to volitional exhaustion with near infrared
      spectroscopy (NIRS) assessment of muscle oxygenation and microvascular reactivity,
      bioimpedance cardiographic (ZCG) assessment of cardiac output and stroke volume, and
      electrocardiographic (EKG) measurement of heart rate (HR) at rest and during exercise. After
      a 10-minute passive recovery period, subjects will perform an endurance based CPET (enCPET)
      at intensity of 70% of the peak wattage reached during the pkCPET, again to volitional
      exhaustion followed by a final 10-minute passive recovery period to conclude day one of
      testing.

      Visit 2: Subjects will complete a submaximal square-wave test (swCPET) for measurement of
      oxygen on-kinetics. After a 10-minute recovery period, subjects will complete the same enCPET
      they performed during Visit 1 testing. This testing will again be followed by a 10-minute
      recovery period. EKG measurements of HR will be taken during exercise and rest periods.
      Subjects will receive a urine collection cup to be used prior to visit 3. Subjects will be
      asked to collect approximately 75-90 mL of urine on the morning of Visit 3 to provide upon
      arrival. Subjects will be asked to log food intake using the form described below for 48
      hours, starting 24 hours prior to Visit 3.

      Visits 3-19: On days 3-19, subjects will complete a continuous high intensity aerobic
      exercise training (AET) protocol. Subjects will warm up for approximately 5-minutes, exercise
      within their predetermined HR range for 45 minutes, followed by a 5-10 min recovery period.
      HR will be monitored using a Polar chest strap worn by the subject and a paired watch and the
      heart rate reading on the cycle ergometer monitored by the investigators. The entire training
      session will take approximately 60 minutes. Following Visit 3, subjects will be provided with
      a 2nd urine sample cup and asked to collect a "first-morning" urine sample (75-90mL) at home
      on the day after visit 3. Subjects will be asked to provide subsequent first-morning
      midstream urine samples at home on the morning of and the morning after visits 7, 11, 15, and
      19 (10 total urine samples). Subjects will be provided with a copy of their initial food log
      and asked to repeat their nutritional intake for the same timeframe as the initial sample for
      each subsequent sample (24 hours prior to pre-exercise sample until post-exercise sample).

      Visit 20: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed at Visit 1 including a pkCPET,
      10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in that order. NIRS, ZCG, and EKG again will
      be collected throughout both the active and recovery portions of the testing.

      Visit 21: Subjects will repeat the same procedures performed on day two of testing including
      a swCPET, 10-minute recovery, enCPET, 10-minute recovery, in the order. EKG data will again
      be collected during the active and recovery portions of the testing.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
intervention model description: One arm, a single group of healthy individuals, will perform cardiopulmonary exercise testing pre and post an aerobic exercise training program.
primary purpose: Basic Science
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Non-metabolic VCO2
time frame: pre and post 5 week (4 training sessions per week, 17 total sessions) aerobic exercise training protocol
description: Correlate measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) with the correlative relationship between fatigability (as measured by total time during an endurance CPET and on-kinetics during a constant square-wave CPET) and recovery (as measured by VO2 and VCO2 following maximal and submaximal CPET). Compare changes in measures of non-metabolic carbon dioxide (as measured by the contribution of total expired non-metabolic VCO2) and changes in oxygen consumption (as measured by VO2) pre and post exercise training.
measure: Urinary proteome
time frame: This outcome will be assessed at 10 time points per participant: each morning of visits 3,4,7,8,11,12,15,16,19, and 20. Data will be collected during these 5 weeks and at post-testing occurring the week following the end of training.
description: Proteome of urine samples as measured by mass spectrometry
arm group label: Healthy
arm group type: Experimental
description: Healthy individuals will participate in two separate days of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) (separated by a minimum of two, maximum of 7 days apart) prior to starting the aerobic exercise training program (AET). Individuals will then complete a 4-5 week (4x/week x 17 sessions) continuous, high-intensity AET. Each training session will consist of cycling for 3-5 minutes to warm-up, 45 minutes at 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR-determined from pre-training CPET), and 5-10 minutes to cool down. Following the AET, individuals will repeat the two separate days of CPET performed pre-training.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Aerobic Exercise Training
description: see arm/group description
arm group label: Healthy
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 60 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Andrew A Guccione, PT, PhD, DPT
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: George Mason University
facility: 
country: United States
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PMID: 19176328
citation: Schnelle JF, Buchowski MS, Ikizler TA, Durkin DW, Beuscher L, Simmons SF. Evaluation of two fatigability severity measures in elderly adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012 Aug;60(8):1527-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04062.x. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
PMID: 22860899
citation: Alexander NB, Taffet GE, Horne FM, Eldadah BA, Ferrucci L, Nayfield S, Studenski S. Bedside-to-Bench conference: research agenda for idiopathic fatigue and aging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010 May;58(5):967-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02811.x.
PMID: 20722821
citation: Distefano G, Standley RA, Zhang X, Carnero EA, Yi F, Cornnell HH, Coen PM. Physical activity unveils the relationship between mitochondrial energetics, muscle quality, and physical function in older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018 Apr;9(2):279-294. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12272. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
PMID: 29368427
citation: de Groote P, Millaire A, Decoulx E, Nugue O, Guimier P, Ducloux. Kinetics of oxygen consumption during and after exercise in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. New markers of exercise intolerance with clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Jul;28(1):168-75. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00126-x.
PMID: 8752810
citation: Garcia-Saldivia M, Ilarraza-Lomeli H, Myers J, Lara J, Bueno L. Effect of physical training on the recovery of acute exercise, among patients with cardiovascular disease. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2017 Jul-Sep;87(3):199-204. doi: 10.1016/j.acmx.2016.11.004. Epub 2016 Dec 13.
PMID: 27979503
citation: Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ. A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Jun;60(6):2020-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1986.60.6.2020.
PMID: 3087938
citation: Brooks, G. A., Fahey, T. D. & Baldwin, K. M. Exercise physiology: human bioenergetics and its applications. (McGraw-Hill, 2005).
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Fatigue
sharing ipd: No