<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03767036</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>HP8002-01</org_study_id>
    <secondary_id>TRMKTR-01-GRU</secondary_id>
    <secondary_id>16-CI-16 053 026</secondary_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03767036</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Administration of Tramadol and Ketorolac Separately and Simultaneously to Assess a Potential Pharmacokinetic Interaction</brief_title>
  <official_title>Single Site Pharmacokinetic Non-interaction Study With Open-label, Randomized, Single-dose, Three-period, Six-sequence, Crossover Design to Compare Tramadol Hydrochloride 25 mg Capsules (Tradol [Trade Mark], Product of Grünenthal Mexico S.A. de C.V.) and Ketorolac Tromethamine 10 mg Tablets (Dolac [Trade Mark], Product of Siegfried Rhein, S.A. de C.V.) Administered Separately and Simultaneously in Healthy Volunteers Under Fasting Conditions</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Grünenthal GmbH</agency>
      <agency_class>Industry</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Grünenthal Colombiana S.A.</agency>
      <agency_class>Industry</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Grünenthal GmbH</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Tramadol (Tradol) and ketorolac (Dolac) are marketed products to treat acute pain. This study&#xD;
      was performed to determine if both medications can be given to a patient simultaneously&#xD;
      without a change of the products' bioavailability.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The primary objective of the study was to compare the bioavailability of tramadol 25 mg and&#xD;
      ketorolac 10 mg after oral single-dose administration of the individual components, either&#xD;
      separately or simultaneously, in healthy volunteers under fasting conditions, to demonstrate&#xD;
      the absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The secondary objective of the study was to evaluate the safety of both drugs when&#xD;
      administered separately and simultaneously based on adverse events reported after treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Participants were admitted to the study site for approximately 42 hours (12 hours before and&#xD;
      30 hours after dosing) for each of the 3 treatment periods. A final examination was performed&#xD;
      2 days after completion of the last treatment period.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">June 5, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">June 30, 2017</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">June 28, 2017</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 1</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Crossover Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>Open-label, randomized, crossover design with three treatment periods and six sequences (A3-A1-A2, A1-A2-A3, A2-A3-A1, A3-A2-A1, A1-A3-A2, A2-A1-A3) with single administration of tramadol (A1), ketorolac (A2) or tramadol and ketorolac (A3). Treatment periods were separated by a washout period of at least 4 days.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Tramadol: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the investigational medicinal product (IMP) and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>O-desmethyltramadol: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Ketorolac: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Tramadol: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>O-desmethyltramadol: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Ketorolac: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Tramadol: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum tramadol plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>O-desmethyltramadol: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum O-desmethyltramadol plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Ketorolac: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)</measure>
    <time_frame>Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)</time_frame>
    <description>One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum ketorolac plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>3</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">30</enrollment>
  <condition>Pharmacokinetics</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Tramadol</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Each participant received an oral dose of tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg (A1, one capsule) under fasting conditions with 250 milliliters (mL) of water.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Ketorolac</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Each participant received an oral dose of ketorolac 10 mg (A2, one tablet) under fasting conditions with 250 mL of water.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Tramadol and ketorolac</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Each participant received an oral dose of tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg and ketorolac 10 mg simultaneously (A3 = one capsule of A1 + one tablet of A2, test medication) under fasting conditions with 250 mL of water.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg capsule</intervention_name>
    <description>Capsule with tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg; Product of Grünenthal de Mexico S.A. de C.V.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Tramadol</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Tramadol and ketorolac</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Tradol (trade mark)</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Ketorolac Tromethamine 10 mg tablet</intervention_name>
    <description>Tablet with ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg; Product of Siegfried Rhein, S.A. de C.V., Mexico</description>
    <arm_group_label>Ketorolac</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Tramadol and ketorolac</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Dolac (trade mark)</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participation in the study will be voluntary and according to the guidelines proposed&#xD;
             by the Health General Law (from Mexico), and informed consent will be obtained&#xD;
             according to the previously mentioned law. In addition, the study will be conducted&#xD;
             according to the ethical principles that have their origin in the Declaration of&#xD;
             Helsinki, the current Brazilian regulations, and Good Clinical Practice.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Only healthy volunteers, men and women aged between 18 and 55 years will be included.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  The body mass index must be between 18.0 and 27.0 kilograms per square meter according&#xD;
             to the Quetelet index.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Women of childbearing potential must be willing to use contraceptive methods&#xD;
             (including barrier methods, non-hormonal intra-uterine device, or have a preexistent&#xD;
             bilateral tubal ligation) or practice abstinence as a form of lifestyle during the&#xD;
             conduct of the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants must be healthy as determined by the results of a complete clinical&#xD;
             history recorded by the clinical investigational site physicians and the results of&#xD;
             the laboratory and other complementary diagnostic tests done by a certified clinical&#xD;
             laboratory.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  The allowed limits of variation within normal in the screening visit will be: systolic&#xD;
             blood pressure (sitting) 90 to 130 millimeters mercury (mmHg), diastolic blood&#xD;
             pressure 60 to 89 mmHg, heart rate between 50 and 100 beats per minute and respiratory&#xD;
             rate between 12 and 20 breaths per minute according to the current standard operating&#xD;
             procedure. Vital signs will be measured after 5 minutes of resting in a sitting&#xD;
             position.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Laboratory and other examinations to be conducted for the inclusion of participants&#xD;
             will be:&#xD;
&#xD;
               1. Complete blood count: leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean&#xD;
                  corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin&#xD;
                  concentration, erythrocyte distribution width, platelets, neutrophils,&#xD;
                  lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils.&#xD;
&#xD;
               2. Blood chemistry 27 elements: glucose, urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN),&#xD;
                  creatinine, BUN/creatinine ratio, uric acid, cholesterol, high-density&#xD;
                  lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)&#xD;
                  cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, atherogenic index, total protein, albumin,&#xD;
                  globulins, albumin/globulin ratio, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect&#xD;
                  bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total alkaline&#xD;
                  phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, iron, calcium,&#xD;
                  sodium, potassium, and chloride.&#xD;
&#xD;
               3. Urinalysis: Physical examination (color, appearance, density); chemical&#xD;
                  examination (pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin,&#xD;
                  urobilinogen, hemoglobin); microscopic examination (leukocytes, erythrocytes,&#xD;
                  dysmorphic erythrocytes, casts, crystals, squamous epithelial cells, tubular&#xD;
                  renal cells, mucus, bacteria and yeasts).&#xD;
&#xD;
               4. Hepatitis B screening (Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen [Anti-HBc], antibody&#xD;
                  to hepatitis B surface antigen [HBs-Ab], antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen&#xD;
                  [Anti-HBs]) and hepatitis C antibodies.&#xD;
&#xD;
               5. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test: Antibodies to the human immunodeficiency&#xD;
                  virus (Anti-HIV 1 and 2).&#xD;
&#xD;
               6. Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test.&#xD;
&#xD;
               7. Urine drugs of abuse test at the screening visit and at on Day 0 (day prior to&#xD;
                  the administration of the IMP.&#xD;
&#xD;
               8. Alcohol breath test at the screening visit and at on Day 0 (day prior to the&#xD;
                  administration of the IMP.&#xD;
&#xD;
               9. Serum pregnancy test (beta-human chorion gonadotropin [ß-HCG]) at the screening&#xD;
                  visit and the final evaluation as well as a urine pregnancy test (qualitative) at&#xD;
                  approximately 12 hours prior to the administration of the IMP.&#xD;
&#xD;
              10. 12-lead electrocardiogram (with a validity not older than 3 months).&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with a history of the following diseases: cardiovascular (congestive&#xD;
             heart failure, ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, high blood&#xD;
             pressure), neurologic (epilepsy, non-controlled seizures, cerebrovascular disease),&#xD;
             renal (creatinine clearance below 30 milliliters per minute), hepatic (severe hepatic&#xD;
             failure, active hepatic disease or transaminase increase that exceeds three times the&#xD;
             upper limit of normal), pulmonary, muscular, metabolic (dehydration, hypovolemia,&#xD;
             hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus), gastrointestinal (intestinal inflammatory disease)&#xD;
             including constipation, endocrine, hematopoietic or any type of anemia, mental&#xD;
             disease, or other organic abnormalities as well as those participants who have had&#xD;
             muscular trauma within 21 days previous to the study will also be excluded.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who require any kind of medication during the course of the study, apart&#xD;
             from the IMP.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with a history of dyspepsia, gastritis, esophagitis, duodenal or gastric&#xD;
             ulcer, active or recurring gastrointestinal perforation or hemorrhage.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Current or recent (within 14 days prior to administration of the study medication) use&#xD;
             of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Current use of acetylsalicylic, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),&#xD;
             pentoxifylline and probenecid.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with a history of hypersensibility to aspirin and other NSAIDs.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of major surgeries (cranial surgery, thorax, abdomen or extensive surgeries in&#xD;
             extremity requiring the use of general or regional anesthesia and/or respiratory&#xD;
             support) within 3 months prior to the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with a history of asthma, acute rhinitis, nasal polyps, angioneurotic&#xD;
             edema, urticarial and allergy-type reactions associated with NSAIDs.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have been exposed to medications known to be hepatic enzyme inducers&#xD;
             or inhibitors within 30 days (or 7 half-lives) prior to the start of the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have taken any type of medication including vitamin supplements (with&#xD;
             or without prescription) or herbal remedies within 30 days (or 7 half-lives) prior to&#xD;
             the start of the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Estimated creatinine clearance (CLcr) equal to or below 80 milliliters per minute&#xD;
             based on the Cockcroft-Gault formula (for female participants, the result should be&#xD;
             multiplied by 0.85): CLcr = (140-age[year])(corporal weight[kg] divided by&#xD;
             (72)(creatinine in serum[milligrams per deciliter]). A participant with a creatinine&#xD;
             clearance estimated to be 10 percent or less than 80 milliliters per minute can be&#xD;
             randomized at the principal investigator's discretion.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have been hospitalized for any reason within 6 months prior to the&#xD;
             start of the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have taken IMPs from other investigations within 180 days (6 months)&#xD;
             prior to study start.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with an allergy to the study medication (tramadol or other&#xD;
             opioids/ketorolac), any other medication, food, or substance.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have consumed alcohol, carbonated beverages and/or beverages that&#xD;
             contain methylxanthines (coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, mate, cola, etc.), grapefruit&#xD;
             juice, or charbroiled foods within 12 hours prior to the start of the hospitalization&#xD;
             period as well as participants who have smoked tobacco within 12 hours prior to the&#xD;
             study start.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who have donated or lost more than 450 milliliters (mL) of blood within&#xD;
             60 days prior to study begin.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with a history of dependence/abuse of alcohol, psychoactive substances&#xD;
             within the 2 previous years.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants requiring a special diet for any reason, e.g., vegetarian.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants unable to understand the nature, objectives, and possible consequences of&#xD;
             the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Evidence of the participant's uncooperativeness (lack of adherence to the instructions&#xD;
             and requirements of the study personnel) during the process of selection for the&#xD;
             study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants with positive test results for drugs of abuse, pregnancy and/or alcohol.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants currently lactating.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants receiving hormonal therapy via any route of administration.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who are not registered in the Comisión Federal para la Protección contra&#xD;
             Riesgos Sanitarios (COFEPRIS) webpage.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Relationship of subordination between the participants and the investigators.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Sponsor or clinical research institute employees.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>55 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Grünenthal Study Director</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>Grünenthal GmbH</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Investigación Farmacológica y Biofarmacéutica, S.A.P.I de C.V. (IFaB)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Mexico City</city>
        <zip>C.P. 14610</zip>
        <country>Mexico</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Mexico</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>December 2018</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 5, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 5, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 6, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>December 8, 2018</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>December 8, 2018</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">December 11, 2018</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>tramadol</keyword>
  <keyword>ketorolac</keyword>
  <keyword>interaction</keyword>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Ketorolac</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Ketorolac Tromethamine</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Tramadol</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03767036
org study id: HP8002-01
secondary id: TRMKTR-01-GRU
secondary id: 16-CI-16 053 026
nct id: NCT03767036
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Tramadol (Tradol) and ketorolac (Dolac) are marketed products to treat acute pain. This study
      was performed to determine if both medications can be given to a patient simultaneously
      without a change of the products' bioavailability.
The primary objective of the study was to compare the bioavailability of tramadol 25 mg and
      ketorolac 10 mg after oral single-dose administration of the individual components, either
      separately or simultaneously, in healthy volunteers under fasting conditions, to demonstrate
      the absence of a pharmacokinetic interaction.

      The secondary objective of the study was to evaluate the safety of both drugs when
      administered separately and simultaneously based on adverse events reported after treatment.

      Participants were admitted to the study site for approximately 42 hours (12 hours before and
      30 hours after dosing) for each of the 3 treatment periods. A final examination was performed
      2 days after completion of the last treatment period.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Crossover Assignment
intervention model description: Open-label, randomized, crossover design with three treatment periods and six sequences (A3-A1-A2, A1-A2-A3, A2-A3-A1, A3-A2-A1, A1-A3-A2, A2-A1-A3) with single administration of tramadol (A1), ketorolac (A2) or tramadol and ketorolac (A3). Treatment periods were separated by a washout period of at least 4 days.
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Tramadol: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the investigational medicinal product (IMP) and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).
measure: O-desmethyltramadol: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).
measure: Ketorolac: area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to time t (AUC0-t)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The AUC0-t was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using the actual blood sampling times).
measure: Tramadol: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
measure: O-desmethyltramadol: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
measure: Ketorolac: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. Cmax was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
measure: Tramadol: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of tramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum tramadol plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
measure: O-desmethyltramadol: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of O-desmethyltramadol was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum O-desmethyltramadol plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
measure: Ketorolac: time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax)
time frame: Before IMP administration and up to 30 hours thereafter (20 time points in total)
description: One blood sample was taken before administration of the IMP and one sample at each of the following time points: 0.167, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0, 18.0, 24.0 and 30.0 hours in each period. The quantification of ketorolac was done using a validated reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry bioanalytical assay. The time to maximum ketorolac plasma concentration was calculated based on plasma concentration-time data (using actual blood sampling times).
arm group label: Tramadol
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Each participant received an oral dose of tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg (A1, one capsule) under fasting conditions with 250 milliliters (mL) of water.
arm group label: Ketorolac
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Each participant received an oral dose of ketorolac 10 mg (A2, one tablet) under fasting conditions with 250 mL of water.
arm group label: Tramadol and ketorolac
arm group type: Experimental
description: Each participant received an oral dose of tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg and ketorolac 10 mg simultaneously (A3 = one capsule of A1 + one tablet of A2, test medication) under fasting conditions with 250 mL of water.
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg capsule
description: Capsule with tramadol hydrochloride 25 mg; Product of Grünenthal de Mexico S.A. de C.V.
arm group label: Tramadol
arm group label: Tramadol and ketorolac
other name: Tradol (trade mark)
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Ketorolac Tromethamine 10 mg tablet
description: Tablet with ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg; Product of Siegfried Rhein, S.A. de C.V., Mexico
arm group label: Ketorolac
arm group label: Tramadol and ketorolac
other name: Dolac (trade mark)
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 55 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Grünenthal Study Director
role: Study Director
affiliation: Grünenthal GmbH
facility: 
country: Mexico
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Ketorolac
mesh term: Ketorolac Tromethamine
mesh term: Tramadol
sharing ipd: No