<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03781440</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>47647</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03781440</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Regional Anesthesia for Cardiothoracic Enhanced Recovery</brief_title>
  <acronym>RACER</acronym>
  <official_title>Regional Anesthesia for Cardiothoracic Enhanced Recovery for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Via Sternotomy</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Stanford University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Stanford University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a novel regional analgesic technique that provides&#xD;
      pain relief with a peripheral nerve block catheter. The goal of this study is to see if&#xD;
      bilateral ESPB catheters can improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery&#xD;
      via sternotomy, such as decreasing the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation, need&#xD;
      for intravenous opioid medications, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and&#xD;
      improving pain scores.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Active, not recruiting</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 1, 2020</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">July 2023</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">September 30, 2021</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Care Provider)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Opioid Consumption</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)</time_frame>
    <description>IV and PO opioid requirements converted to morphine equivalent</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Delirium and agitation post-operatively</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of ICU stay (typically 2-5 days)</time_frame>
    <description>Richmond Agitation-Sedation Score from -5 to +4 (-5 is the most sedation, +4 is the least sedated.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Determine post-operative pain scores</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)</time_frame>
    <description>11-point numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0-10, 0 signifying no pain, 10 signifying the worse pain.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Median time to extubation in patients with ESPB</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)</time_frame>
    <description>duration in mechanical ventilation in hours</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Length of stay in hospital</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)</time_frame>
    <description>number of post-operative days spent in hospital</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Length of stay in ICU</measure>
    <time_frame>Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)</time_frame>
    <description>number of post-operative days spent in ICU</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of recovery at 72 hours</measure>
    <time_frame>post-operative day 3</time_frame>
    <description>Survey based (Quality of Recover 15) patient reported outcomes. There are 15 questions based on a scale of 0-10 per questions, 0 signifying the worst outcome, 10 signifying the best, for a score range of 0-150.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Inflammatory biomarker analysis</measure>
    <time_frame>First panel pre-incision; second panel 6hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure; third panel 24hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure; fourth panel 48hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure</time_frame>
    <description>Pro and anti-inflammatory biomarker panel at 4 time points perioperatively. We will be analyzing IL10 concentrations as an anti-inflammatory biomarker and IL6 and TN alpha as pro-inflammatory biomarkers in either a ELISA assay or Luminex.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">60</enrollment>
  <condition>Opioid Use</condition>
  <condition>Anesthesia, Local</condition>
  <condition>Cardiac Disease</condition>
  <condition>Pain, Acute</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Bilateral ESP catheter with Lidocaine</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. Prior to transfer to the operating room, participants will receive bilateral ESP catheters at T7 level under ultrasound guidance. This arm is the treatment group and will receive lidocaine via alternating side automated infusion pump bolus dosing, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Bilateral ESP catheter with saline</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. This arm is the control group and will have normal saline administered via ESP catheters, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Bilateral ESP catheter with lidocaine</intervention_name>
    <description>All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. Prior to transfer to the operating room, participants will receive bilateral ESP catheters at T7 level under ultrasound guidance. This arm is the treatment group and will receive lidocaine via alternating side automated infusion pump bolus dosing, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).</description>
    <arm_group_label>Bilateral ESP catheter with Lidocaine</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Bilateral ESP catheter with saline</intervention_name>
    <description>All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. This arm is the control group and will have normal saline administered via ESP catheters, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).</description>
    <arm_group_label>Bilateral ESP catheter with saline</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Give consent to participate in study&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  planned sternotomy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  specific procedures: CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) or AVR (aortic valve&#xD;
             repair or replacement) or MVR (mitral valve repair or replacement) or combination of&#xD;
             any of 2 of these&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Primary or first redo sternotomy&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants who cannot give consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Patients who are clinically unstable or require urgent/emergent intervention&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  more than1 prior sternotomy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  planned aortic arch procedures&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  preoperative coagulopathy (INR &gt;1.5, PTT &gt;35) or ongoing anticoagulation (heparin&#xD;
             infusion, therapeutic low molecular weight heparin, warfarin, dual antiplatelet&#xD;
             therapy)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Severe ventricular dysfunction (left or right ventricle)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Symptomatic heart failure (systolic or diastolic)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>80 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Jessica Brodt, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Stanford University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ban Tsui, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Stanford University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Stanford University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Stanford</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>94305</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wheeler M, Oderda GM, Ashburn MA, Lipman AG. Adverse events associated with postoperative opioid analgesia: a systematic review. J Pain. 2002 Jun;3(3):159-80. doi: 10.1054/jpai.2002.123652. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>14622770</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Zhu F, Lee A, Chee YE. Fast-track cardiac care for adult cardiac surgical patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Oct 17;10:CD003587. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003587.pub2.</citation>
    <PMID>23076899</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Baikoussis NG, Papakonstantinou NA, Verra C, Kakouris G, Chounti M, Hountis P, Dedeilias P, Argiriou M. Mechanisms of oxidative stress and myocardial protection during open-heart surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2015 Oct-Dec;18(4):555-64. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.166465.</citation>
    <PMID>26440242</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Giomarelli P, Scolletta S, Borrelli E, Biagioli B. Myocardial and lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass: role of interleukin (IL)-10. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003 Jul;76(1):117-23. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(03)00194-2.</citation>
    <PMID>12842524</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Fragiadakis GK, Gaudilliere B, Ganio EA, Aghaeepour N, Tingle M, Nolan GP, Angst MS. Patient-specific Immune States before Surgery Are Strong Correlates of Surgical Recovery. Anesthesiology. 2015 Dec;123(6):1241-55. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000887.</citation>
    <PMID>26655308</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Gaudilliere B, Fragiadakis GK, Bruggner RV, Nicolau M, Finck R, Tingle M, Silva J, Ganio EA, Yeh CG, Maloney WJ, Huddleston JI, Goodman SB, Davis MM, Bendall SC, Fantl WJ, Angst MS, Nolan GP. Clinical recovery from surgery correlates with single-cell immune signatures. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Sep 24;6(255):255ra131. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009701.</citation>
    <PMID>25253674</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Eljezi V, D'Ostrevy N. Local Anesthetic Diffusion of Bilateral Sternal Block After Cardiac Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 May/Jun;42(3):418-419. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000577. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>28419054</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chaudhary V, Chauhan S, Choudhury M, Kiran U, Vasdev S, Talwar S. Parasternal intercostal block with ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2012 Jun;26(3):439-42. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2011.10.012. Epub 2011 Dec 16.</citation>
    <PMID>22176767</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Olivier JF, Bracco D, Nguyen P, Le N, Noiseux N, Hemmerling T; Perioperative Cardiac Surgery Research Group (PeriCARG). A novel approach for pain management in cardiac surgery via median sternotomy: bilateral single-shot paravertebral blocks. Heart Surg Forum. 2007;10(5):E357-62. doi: 10.1532/HSF98.20071082.</citation>
    <PMID>17855198</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Canto M, Sanchez MJ, Casas MA, Bataller ML. Bilateral paravertebral blockade for conventional cardiac surgery. Anaesthesia. 2003 Apr;58(4):365-70. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03082_2.x.</citation>
    <PMID>12688271</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lockwood GG, Cabreros L, Banach D, Punjabi PP. Continuous bilateral thoracic paravertebral blockade for analgesia after cardiac surgery: a randomised, controlled trial. Perfusion. 2017 Oct;32(7):591-597. doi: 10.1177/0267659117715507. Epub 2017 Jun 7.</citation>
    <PMID>28592166</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Svircevic V, Nierich AP, Moons KG, Diephuis JC, Ennema JJ, Brandon Bravo Bruinsma GJ, Kalkman CJ, van Dijk D. Thoracic epidural anesthesia for cardiac surgery: a randomized trial. Anesthesiology. 2011 Feb;114(2):262-70. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318201d2de.</citation>
    <PMID>21239976</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chakravarthy M, Thimmangowda P, Krishnamurthy J, Nadiminti S, Jawali V. Thoracic epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgical patients: a prospective audit of 2,113 cases. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005 Feb;19(1):44-8. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2004.11.008.</citation>
    <PMID>15747268</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Forero M, Adhikary SD, Lopez H, Tsui C, Chin KJ. The Erector Spinae Plane Block: A Novel Analgesic Technique in Thoracic Neuropathic Pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):621-7. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000451.</citation>
    <PMID>27501016</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kose HC, Kose SG, Thomas DT. Lumbar versus thoracic erector spinae plane block: Similar nomenclature, different mechanism of action. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Aug;48:1. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.03.026. Epub 2018 Apr 9. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>29649625</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wong J, Navaratnam M, Boltz G, Maeda K, Ramamurthi RJ, Tsui BCH. Bilateral continuous erector spinae plane blocks for sternotomy in a pediatric cardiac patient. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Jun;47:82-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.03.020. Epub 2018 Apr 6. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>29631111</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tsui BCH, Navaratnam M, Boltz G, Maeda K, Caruso TJ. Bilateral automatized intermittent bolus erector spinae plane analgesic blocks for sternotomy in a cardiac patient who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass: A new era of Cardiac Regional Anesthesia. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Aug;48:9-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 May 26. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>29684728</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kain ZN, Fitch JC, Kirsch JR, Mets B, Pearl RG. Future of anesthesiology is perioperative medicine: a call for action. Anesthesiology. 2015 Jun;122(6):1192-5. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000680. No abstract available. Erratum In: Anesthesiology. 2015 Aug;123(2):492.</citation>
    <PMID>25886775</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>April 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 19, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>April 17, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>April 17, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">April 18, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Stanford University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Chi-Ho Ban Tsui</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Professor</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Heart Diseases</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Acute Pain</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Lidocaine</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03781440
org study id: 47647
nct id: NCT03781440
lead sponsor: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a novel regional analgesic technique that provides
      pain relief with a peripheral nerve block catheter. The goal of this study is to see if
      bilateral ESPB catheters can improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
      via sternotomy, such as decreasing the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation, need
      for intravenous opioid medications, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and
      improving pain scores.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider)
measure: Opioid Consumption
time frame: Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)
description: IV and PO opioid requirements converted to morphine equivalent
measure: Delirium and agitation post-operatively
time frame: Duration of ICU stay (typically 2-5 days)
description: Richmond Agitation-Sedation Score from -5 to +4 (-5 is the most sedation, +4 is the least sedated.
measure: Determine post-operative pain scores
time frame: Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)
description: 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0-10, 0 signifying no pain, 10 signifying the worse pain.
measure: Median time to extubation in patients with ESPB
time frame: Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)
description: duration in mechanical ventilation in hours
measure: Length of stay in hospital
time frame: Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)
description: number of post-operative days spent in hospital
measure: Length of stay in ICU
time frame: Duration of postoperative recovery (typically 1-2 weeks)
description: number of post-operative days spent in ICU
measure: Quality of recovery at 72 hours
time frame: post-operative day 3
description: Survey based (Quality of Recover 15) patient reported outcomes. There are 15 questions based on a scale of 0-10 per questions, 0 signifying the worst outcome, 10 signifying the best, for a score range of 0-150.
measure: Inflammatory biomarker analysis
time frame: First panel pre-incision; second panel 6hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure; third panel 24hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure; fourth panel 48hrs (+/-3hrs) post-procedure
description: Pro and anti-inflammatory biomarker panel at 4 time points perioperatively. We will be analyzing IL10 concentrations as an anti-inflammatory biomarker and IL6 and TN alpha as pro-inflammatory biomarkers in either a ELISA assay or Luminex.
arm group label: Bilateral ESP catheter with Lidocaine
arm group type: Experimental
description: All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. Prior to transfer to the operating room, participants will receive bilateral ESP catheters at T7 level under ultrasound guidance. This arm is the treatment group and will receive lidocaine via alternating side automated infusion pump bolus dosing, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).
arm group label: Bilateral ESP catheter with saline
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. This arm is the control group and will have normal saline administered via ESP catheters, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Bilateral ESP catheter with lidocaine
description: All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. Prior to transfer to the operating room, participants will receive bilateral ESP catheters at T7 level under ultrasound guidance. This arm is the treatment group and will receive lidocaine via alternating side automated infusion pump bolus dosing, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).
arm group label: Bilateral ESP catheter with Lidocaine
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Bilateral ESP catheter with saline
description: All participants will get the Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) catheters. This arm is the control group and will have normal saline administered via ESP catheters, continued until chest tube removal or postoperative day 5 (whichever occurs earliest).
arm group label: Bilateral ESP catheter with saline
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 80 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Jessica Brodt, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Stanford University
last name: Ban Tsui, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Stanford University
facility: 
country: United States
citation: Wheeler M, Oderda GM, Ashburn MA, Lipman AG. Adverse events associated with postoperative opioid analgesia: a systematic review. J Pain. 2002 Jun;3(3):159-80. doi: 10.1054/jpai.2002.123652. No abstract available.
PMID: 14622770
citation: Zhu F, Lee A, Chee YE. Fast-track cardiac care for adult cardiac surgical patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Oct 17;10:CD003587. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003587.pub2.
PMID: 23076899
citation: Baikoussis NG, Papakonstantinou NA, Verra C, Kakouris G, Chounti M, Hountis P, Dedeilias P, Argiriou M. Mechanisms of oxidative stress and myocardial protection during open-heart surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2015 Oct-Dec;18(4):555-64. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.166465.
PMID: 26440242
citation: Giomarelli P, Scolletta S, Borrelli E, Biagioli B. Myocardial and lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass: role of interleukin (IL)-10. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003 Jul;76(1):117-23. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(03)00194-2.
PMID: 12842524
citation: Fragiadakis GK, Gaudilliere B, Ganio EA, Aghaeepour N, Tingle M, Nolan GP, Angst MS. Patient-specific Immune States before Surgery Are Strong Correlates of Surgical Recovery. Anesthesiology. 2015 Dec;123(6):1241-55. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000887.
PMID: 26655308
citation: Gaudilliere B, Fragiadakis GK, Bruggner RV, Nicolau M, Finck R, Tingle M, Silva J, Ganio EA, Yeh CG, Maloney WJ, Huddleston JI, Goodman SB, Davis MM, Bendall SC, Fantl WJ, Angst MS, Nolan GP. Clinical recovery from surgery correlates with single-cell immune signatures. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Sep 24;6(255):255ra131. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009701.
PMID: 25253674
citation: Eljezi V, D'Ostrevy N. Local Anesthetic Diffusion of Bilateral Sternal Block After Cardiac Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 May/Jun;42(3):418-419. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000577. No abstract available.
PMID: 28419054
citation: Chaudhary V, Chauhan S, Choudhury M, Kiran U, Vasdev S, Talwar S. Parasternal intercostal block with ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2012 Jun;26(3):439-42. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2011.10.012. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
PMID: 22176767
citation: Olivier JF, Bracco D, Nguyen P, Le N, Noiseux N, Hemmerling T; Perioperative Cardiac Surgery Research Group (PeriCARG). A novel approach for pain management in cardiac surgery via median sternotomy: bilateral single-shot paravertebral blocks. Heart Surg Forum. 2007;10(5):E357-62. doi: 10.1532/HSF98.20071082.
PMID: 17855198
citation: Canto M, Sanchez MJ, Casas MA, Bataller ML. Bilateral paravertebral blockade for conventional cardiac surgery. Anaesthesia. 2003 Apr;58(4):365-70. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03082_2.x.
PMID: 12688271
citation: Lockwood GG, Cabreros L, Banach D, Punjabi PP. Continuous bilateral thoracic paravertebral blockade for analgesia after cardiac surgery: a randomised, controlled trial. Perfusion. 2017 Oct;32(7):591-597. doi: 10.1177/0267659117715507. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
PMID: 28592166
citation: Svircevic V, Nierich AP, Moons KG, Diephuis JC, Ennema JJ, Brandon Bravo Bruinsma GJ, Kalkman CJ, van Dijk D. Thoracic epidural anesthesia for cardiac surgery: a randomized trial. Anesthesiology. 2011 Feb;114(2):262-70. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318201d2de.
PMID: 21239976
citation: Chakravarthy M, Thimmangowda P, Krishnamurthy J, Nadiminti S, Jawali V. Thoracic epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgical patients: a prospective audit of 2,113 cases. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005 Feb;19(1):44-8. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2004.11.008.
PMID: 15747268
citation: Forero M, Adhikary SD, Lopez H, Tsui C, Chin KJ. The Erector Spinae Plane Block: A Novel Analgesic Technique in Thoracic Neuropathic Pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):621-7. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000451.
PMID: 27501016
citation: Kose HC, Kose SG, Thomas DT. Lumbar versus thoracic erector spinae plane block: Similar nomenclature, different mechanism of action. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Aug;48:1. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.03.026. Epub 2018 Apr 9. No abstract available.
PMID: 29649625
citation: Wong J, Navaratnam M, Boltz G, Maeda K, Ramamurthi RJ, Tsui BCH. Bilateral continuous erector spinae plane blocks for sternotomy in a pediatric cardiac patient. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Jun;47:82-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.03.020. Epub 2018 Apr 6. No abstract available.
PMID: 29631111
citation: Tsui BCH, Navaratnam M, Boltz G, Maeda K, Caruso TJ. Bilateral automatized intermittent bolus erector spinae plane analgesic blocks for sternotomy in a cardiac patient who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass: A new era of Cardiac Regional Anesthesia. J Clin Anesth. 2018 Aug;48:9-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 May 26. No abstract available.
PMID: 29684728
citation: Kain ZN, Fitch JC, Kirsch JR, Mets B, Pearl RG. Future of anesthesiology is perioperative medicine: a call for action. Anesthesiology. 2015 Jun;122(6):1192-5. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000680. No abstract available. Erratum In: Anesthesiology. 2015 Aug;123(2):492.
PMID: 25886775
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Stanford University
investigator full name: Chi-Ho Ban Tsui
investigator title: Professor
mesh term: Heart Diseases
mesh term: Acute Pain
mesh term: Lidocaine
sharing ipd: No