<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03780569</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>ICH-1</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03780569</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>TTFields Together With Temozolomide and Radiotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed GBM</brief_title>
  <official_title>A Prospective Trial of NovoTTF-200A Together With Temozolomide and Radiotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed GBM</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>NovoCure Ltd.</agency>
      <agency_class>Industry</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>NovoCure Ltd.</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_us_export>No</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The study is a prospective, single arm open label study, designed to test the to evaluate the&#xD;
      tolerability and safety outcome of newly diagnosed GBM patients treated with NovoTTF-200A&#xD;
      concomitant to Radiotherapy/Temozolomide followed by Temozolomide. The device is a portable,&#xD;
      battery operated device for chronic administration of alternating electric fields (termed&#xD;
      TTFields or TTF) to the region of the malignant tumor, by means of surface, insulated&#xD;
      electrode arrays.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      PAST CLINICAL EXPERIENCE:&#xD;
&#xD;
      A phase III trial of Optune® (200 kHz) as monotherapy compared to active chemotherapy in&#xD;
      recurrent glioblastoma patients showed TTFields to be equivalent to active chemotherapy in&#xD;
      extending survival, associated with minimal toxicity, good quality of life, and activity&#xD;
      within the brain (14% response rate). In addition, a phase III trial of Optune® combined with&#xD;
      maintenance temozolomide compared to maintenance temozolomide alone has shown that combined&#xD;
      therapy led to a significant improvement in both progression free survival and overall&#xD;
      survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma without the addition of high grade&#xD;
      toxicity and without decline in quality of life.&#xD;
&#xD;
      DESCRIPTION OF THE TRIAL:&#xD;
&#xD;
      All patients included in this trial are newly diagnosed GBM patients who underwent a biopsy&#xD;
      or surgery. In addition, all patients must meet all eligibility criteria.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Eligible patients will be enrolled to receive Radiotherapy(RT)/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A&#xD;
      followed by maintenance TMZ and NovoTTF-200A.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Baseline tests will be performed, The patients will be treated continuously with the device&#xD;
      until second progression. They will possibly receive a second line treatment that can be one&#xD;
      of the following: re-operation, local radiotherapy (gamma-knife), a second line of&#xD;
      chemotherapy or a combination of the above.&#xD;
&#xD;
      NovoTTF-200A treatment will consist of wearing four electrically insulated electrode arrays&#xD;
      on the head. Electrode array placement will require shaving of the scalp before and&#xD;
      frequently during the treatment. After an initial short visit to the clinic for training and&#xD;
      monitoring, patients will be released to continue treatment at home where they can maintain&#xD;
      their regular daily routine.&#xD;
&#xD;
      During RT, patients will be seen twice a week and the arrays will be removed to inspect the&#xD;
      skin condition. In addition during the trial, patients will need to return once every month&#xD;
      to the clinic where an examination by a physician and a routine laboratory examinations will&#xD;
      be done. These routine visits will continue for as long as the patient's disease is not&#xD;
      progressing for the second time under the study treatment. If such occurs, patients will need&#xD;
      to return once per month for two more months to the clinic for similar follow up&#xD;
      examinations.&#xD;
&#xD;
      During the visits to the clinic patients will be examined physically and neurologically.&#xD;
      Additionally, routine blood tests will be performed. A routine MRI of the head will be&#xD;
      performed at baseline and every second month thereafter, until second progression. After this&#xD;
      follow up plan, patients will be contacted once per month by telephone to answer basic&#xD;
      questions about their health status.&#xD;
&#xD;
      SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Electric fields exert forces on electric charges similar to the way a magnet exerts forces on&#xD;
      metallic particles within a magnetic field. These forces cause movement and rotation of&#xD;
      electrically charged biological building blocks, much like the alignment of metallic&#xD;
      particles seen along the lines of force radiating outwards from a magnet.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Electric fields can also cause muscles to twitch and if strong enough may heat tissues.&#xD;
      TTFields are alternating electric fields of low intensity. This means that they change their&#xD;
      direction repetitively many times a second. Since they change direction very rapidly (200&#xD;
      thousand times a second), they do not cause muscles to twitch, nor do they have any effects&#xD;
      on other electrically activated tissues in the body (brain, nerves and heart). Since the&#xD;
      intensities of TTFields in the body are very low, they do not cause heating.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The breakthrough finding made by Novocure was that finely tuned alternating fields of very&#xD;
      low intensity, now termed TTFields (Tumor Treating Fields), cause a significant slowing in&#xD;
      the growth of cancer cells. Due to the unique geometric shape of cancer cells when they are&#xD;
      multiplying, TTFields cause electrically-charged cellular components of these cells to change&#xD;
      their location within the dividing cell, disrupting their normal function and ultimately&#xD;
      leading to cell death. In addition, cancer cells also contain miniature building blocks which&#xD;
      act as tiny motors in moving essential parts of the cells from place to place. TTFields&#xD;
      interfere with the normal orientation of these tiny motors related to other cellular&#xD;
      components since they are electrically-charged as well. As a result of these two effects,&#xD;
      tumor cell division is slowed, results in cellular death or reverses after continuous&#xD;
      exposure to TTFields.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Other cells in the body (normal healthy tissues) are affected much less than cancer cells&#xD;
      since they multiply at a much slower rate if at all. In addition TTFields can be directed to&#xD;
      a certain part of the body, leaving sensitive areas out of their reach. Finally, the&#xD;
      frequency of TTFields applied to each type of cancer is specific and may not damage normally&#xD;
      dividing cells in healthy tissues.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Active, not recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">April 27, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">January 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">January 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Safety of concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide with NovoTTF-200A: The incidence of Radiotherapy treatment delays during concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A will be documented including severity and relationship to NovoTTF-200A.</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
    <description>The incidence of Radiotherapy treatment delays during concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A will be documented including severity and relationship to NovoTTF-200A.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Progression free survival</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Overall survival</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Adverse events, severity and frequency</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
    <description>Safety of NovoTTF-200A treatment based on the incidence and severity of adverse events and toxicities.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">10</enrollment>
  <condition>Glioblastoma Multiforme</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Patients will receive multiple 1 month courses of continuous NovoTTF-200A treatment together with standard Radiotherapy/Temozolomide followed by maintenance Temozolomide.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>NovoTTF-200A</intervention_name>
    <description>Patients receive continuous TTFields treatment using the NovoTTF-200A device. TTFields treatment will consist of wearing four electrically insulated electrode arrays on the scalp. The treatment enables the patient to maintain regular daily routine.</description>
    <arm_group_label>NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Radiation</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Radiotherapy</intervention_name>
    <description>60Gy given in 30 2Gy fractions concomitant to temozolomide</description>
    <arm_group_label>NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Temozolomide</intervention_name>
    <description>Temozolomide(TMZ) will be administered at 75 mg/m^2 concomitant to radiotherapy(RT) and NovoTTF-200A.&#xD;
Maintenance treatment is to begin about 4 weeks after the end of TMZ/RT/NovoTTF-200A. TMZ is administered at the conventional dosing regimen for 5 days, every 28 days (i.e. 5 days of therapy, 23 days of rest). Cycle 1 is to be given at a dose of 150 mg/m^2 p.o. daily x 5 days, dose to be escalated to 200 mg/m^2 in the absence of toxicity.</description>
    <arm_group_label>NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of GBM according to WHO classification criteria.&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Supratentorial tumor location&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Age ≥ 18 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Recovered from maximal debulking surgery, if applicable (gross total resection,&#xD;
             partial resection and biopsy-only patients are all acceptable)&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Planned standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy of approx. 60 Gy of Radiotherapy (RT), or&#xD;
             biologically equivalent dose, according to local practice, and concomitant&#xD;
             Temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy (75mg/m^2 daily). Any other cytotoxic or biologic&#xD;
             anti-tumor therapy received prior to enrollment will be considered an exclusion.&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Planned treatment with adjuvant/maintenance TMZ (150-200 mg/m^2 daily x 5 d, q28 days)&#xD;
&#xD;
          7. Karnofsky performance status ≥ 70&#xD;
&#xD;
          8. Life expectancy ≥ 3 months&#xD;
&#xD;
          9. Participants of childbearing age must use effective contraception.&#xD;
&#xD;
         10. All patients must sign written informed consent.&#xD;
&#xD;
         11. NovoTTF-200A treatment start date at least 2 weeks out from brain surgery.&#xD;
&#xD;
         12. NovoTTF-200A treatment start prior to or at the beginning of RT/TMZ&#xD;
&#xD;
         13. Stable or decreasing dose of corticosteroids for the last 7 days prior to enrollment,&#xD;
             if applicable.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Participation in another clinical treatment trial&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Pregnancy or breast feeding&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Significant co-morbidities at baseline which would preclude TMZ treatment&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Implanted pacemaker, programmable shunts, defibrillator, deep brain stimulator, other&#xD;
             implanted electronic devices in the brain, or documented clinically significant&#xD;
             arrhythmias.&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Infra-tentorial tumor location&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Evidence of increased intracranial pressure (midline shift &gt; 5mm, clinically&#xD;
             significant papilledema, vomiting and nausea or reduced level of consciousness)&#xD;
&#xD;
          7. History of hypersensitivity reaction to TMZ or a history of hypersensitivity to DTIC.&#xD;
&#xD;
          8. Known allergies to medical adhesives or gel&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tel Aviv</city>
        <country>Israel</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Israel</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Stupp R, Wong ET, Kanner AA, Steinberg D, Engelhard H, Heidecke V, Kirson ED, Taillibert S, Liebermann F, Dbaly V, Ram Z, Villano JL, Rainov N, Weinberg U, Schiff D, Kunschner L, Raizer J, Honnorat J, Sloan A, Malkin M, Landolfi JC, Payer F, Mehdorn M, Weil RJ, Pannullo SC, Westphal M, Smrcka M, Chin L, Kostron H, Hofer S, Bruce J, Cosgrove R, Paleologous N, Palti Y, Gutin PH. NovoTTF-100A versus physician's choice chemotherapy in recurrent glioblastoma: a randomised phase III trial of a novel treatment modality. Eur J Cancer. 2012 Sep;48(14):2192-202. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.04.011. Epub 2012 May 18.</citation>
    <PMID>22608262</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Stupp R, Taillibert S, Kanner A, Read W, Steinberg D, Lhermitte B, Toms S, Idbaih A, Ahluwalia MS, Fink K, Di Meco F, Lieberman F, Zhu JJ, Stragliotto G, Tran D, Brem S, Hottinger A, Kirson ED, Lavy-Shahaf G, Weinberg U, Kim CY, Paek SH, Nicholas G, Bruna J, Hirte H, Weller M, Palti Y, Hegi ME, Ram Z. Effect of Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Maintenance Temozolomide vs Maintenance Temozolomide Alone on Survival in Patients With Glioblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Dec 19;318(23):2306-2316. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.18718. Erratum In: JAMA. 2018 May 1;319(17):1824.</citation>
    <PMID>29260225</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>December 2018</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 19, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>December 18, 2018</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>December 18, 2018</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">December 20, 2018</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>GBM</keyword>
  <keyword>TTFields</keyword>
  <keyword>Tumor Treating Fields</keyword>
  <keyword>Glioblastoma</keyword>
  <keyword>Glioblastoma Multiforme</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Glioblastoma</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Temozolomide</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03780569
org study id: ICH-1
nct id: NCT03780569
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
is us export: No
The study is a prospective, single arm open label study, designed to test the to evaluate the
      tolerability and safety outcome of newly diagnosed GBM patients treated with NovoTTF-200A
      concomitant to Radiotherapy/Temozolomide followed by Temozolomide. The device is a portable,
      battery operated device for chronic administration of alternating electric fields (termed
      TTFields or TTF) to the region of the malignant tumor, by means of surface, insulated
      electrode arrays.
PAST CLINICAL EXPERIENCE:

      A phase III trial of Optune® (200 kHz) as monotherapy compared to active chemotherapy in
      recurrent glioblastoma patients showed TTFields to be equivalent to active chemotherapy in
      extending survival, associated with minimal toxicity, good quality of life, and activity
      within the brain (14% response rate). In addition, a phase III trial of Optune® combined with
      maintenance temozolomide compared to maintenance temozolomide alone has shown that combined
      therapy led to a significant improvement in both progression free survival and overall
      survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma without the addition of high grade
      toxicity and without decline in quality of life.

      DESCRIPTION OF THE TRIAL:

      All patients included in this trial are newly diagnosed GBM patients who underwent a biopsy
      or surgery. In addition, all patients must meet all eligibility criteria.

      Eligible patients will be enrolled to receive Radiotherapy(RT)/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A
      followed by maintenance TMZ and NovoTTF-200A.

      Baseline tests will be performed, The patients will be treated continuously with the device
      until second progression. They will possibly receive a second line treatment that can be one
      of the following: re-operation, local radiotherapy (gamma-knife), a second line of
      chemotherapy or a combination of the above.

      NovoTTF-200A treatment will consist of wearing four electrically insulated electrode arrays
      on the head. Electrode array placement will require shaving of the scalp before and
      frequently during the treatment. After an initial short visit to the clinic for training and
      monitoring, patients will be released to continue treatment at home where they can maintain
      their regular daily routine.

      During RT, patients will be seen twice a week and the arrays will be removed to inspect the
      skin condition. In addition during the trial, patients will need to return once every month
      to the clinic where an examination by a physician and a routine laboratory examinations will
      be done. These routine visits will continue for as long as the patient's disease is not
      progressing for the second time under the study treatment. If such occurs, patients will need
      to return once per month for two more months to the clinic for similar follow up
      examinations.

      During the visits to the clinic patients will be examined physically and neurologically.
      Additionally, routine blood tests will be performed. A routine MRI of the head will be
      performed at baseline and every second month thereafter, until second progression. After this
      follow up plan, patients will be contacted once per month by telephone to answer basic
      questions about their health status.

      SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND:

      Electric fields exert forces on electric charges similar to the way a magnet exerts forces on
      metallic particles within a magnetic field. These forces cause movement and rotation of
      electrically charged biological building blocks, much like the alignment of metallic
      particles seen along the lines of force radiating outwards from a magnet.

      Electric fields can also cause muscles to twitch and if strong enough may heat tissues.
      TTFields are alternating electric fields of low intensity. This means that they change their
      direction repetitively many times a second. Since they change direction very rapidly (200
      thousand times a second), they do not cause muscles to twitch, nor do they have any effects
      on other electrically activated tissues in the body (brain, nerves and heart). Since the
      intensities of TTFields in the body are very low, they do not cause heating.

      The breakthrough finding made by Novocure was that finely tuned alternating fields of very
      low intensity, now termed TTFields (Tumor Treating Fields), cause a significant slowing in
      the growth of cancer cells. Due to the unique geometric shape of cancer cells when they are
      multiplying, TTFields cause electrically-charged cellular components of these cells to change
      their location within the dividing cell, disrupting their normal function and ultimately
      leading to cell death. In addition, cancer cells also contain miniature building blocks which
      act as tiny motors in moving essential parts of the cells from place to place. TTFields
      interfere with the normal orientation of these tiny motors related to other cellular
      components since they are electrically-charged as well. As a result of these two effects,
      tumor cell division is slowed, results in cellular death or reverses after continuous
      exposure to TTFields.

      Other cells in the body (normal healthy tissues) are affected much less than cancer cells
      since they multiply at a much slower rate if at all. In addition TTFields can be directed to
      a certain part of the body, leaving sensitive areas out of their reach. Finally, the
      frequency of TTFields applied to each type of cancer is specific and may not damage normally
      dividing cells in healthy tissues.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Safety of concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide with NovoTTF-200A: The incidence of Radiotherapy treatment delays during concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A will be documented including severity and relationship to NovoTTF-200A.
time frame: 2 years
description: The incidence of Radiotherapy treatment delays during concomitant Radiotherapy/Temozolomide/NovoTTF-200A will be documented including severity and relationship to NovoTTF-200A.
measure: Progression free survival
time frame: 2 years
measure: Overall survival
time frame: 2 years
measure: Adverse events, severity and frequency
time frame: 2 years
description: Safety of NovoTTF-200A treatment based on the incidence and severity of adverse events and toxicities.
arm group label: NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide
arm group type: Experimental
description: Patients will receive multiple 1 month courses of continuous NovoTTF-200A treatment together with standard Radiotherapy/Temozolomide followed by maintenance Temozolomide.
intervention type: Device
intervention name: NovoTTF-200A
description: Patients receive continuous TTFields treatment using the NovoTTF-200A device. TTFields treatment will consist of wearing four electrically insulated electrode arrays on the scalp. The treatment enables the patient to maintain regular daily routine.
arm group label: NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide
intervention type: Radiation
intervention name: Radiotherapy
description: 60Gy given in 30 2Gy fractions concomitant to temozolomide
arm group label: NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Temozolomide
description: Temozolomide(TMZ) will be administered at 75 mg/m^2 concomitant to radiotherapy(RT) and NovoTTF-200A.
Maintenance treatment is to begin about 4 weeks after the end of TMZ/RT/NovoTTF-200A. TMZ is administered at the conventional dosing regimen for 5 days, every 28 days (i.e. 5 days of therapy, 23 days of rest). Cycle 1 is to be given at a dose of 150 mg/m^2 p.o. daily x 5 days, dose to be escalated to 200 mg/m^2 in the absence of toxicity.
arm group label: NovoTTF-200A/Radiotherapy/Temozolomide
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
facility: 
country: Israel
citation: Stupp R, Wong ET, Kanner AA, Steinberg D, Engelhard H, Heidecke V, Kirson ED, Taillibert S, Liebermann F, Dbaly V, Ram Z, Villano JL, Rainov N, Weinberg U, Schiff D, Kunschner L, Raizer J, Honnorat J, Sloan A, Malkin M, Landolfi JC, Payer F, Mehdorn M, Weil RJ, Pannullo SC, Westphal M, Smrcka M, Chin L, Kostron H, Hofer S, Bruce J, Cosgrove R, Paleologous N, Palti Y, Gutin PH. NovoTTF-100A versus physician's choice chemotherapy in recurrent glioblastoma: a randomised phase III trial of a novel treatment modality. Eur J Cancer. 2012 Sep;48(14):2192-202. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.04.011. Epub 2012 May 18.
PMID: 22608262
citation: Stupp R, Taillibert S, Kanner A, Read W, Steinberg D, Lhermitte B, Toms S, Idbaih A, Ahluwalia MS, Fink K, Di Meco F, Lieberman F, Zhu JJ, Stragliotto G, Tran D, Brem S, Hottinger A, Kirson ED, Lavy-Shahaf G, Weinberg U, Kim CY, Paek SH, Nicholas G, Bruna J, Hirte H, Weller M, Palti Y, Hegi ME, Ram Z. Effect of Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Maintenance Temozolomide vs Maintenance Temozolomide Alone on Survival in Patients With Glioblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Dec 19;318(23):2306-2316. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.18718. Erratum In: JAMA. 2018 May 1;319(17):1824.
PMID: 29260225
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Glioblastoma
mesh term: Temozolomide