<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03783728</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>29312</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03783728</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Video Based Directly Observed Therapy for Latent TB</brief_title>
  <official_title>Efficacy of Risk-Targeted Video Based Directly on Observed Therapy for Latent TB</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>St. Louis University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>St. Louis University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>Yes</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_us_export>No</is_us_export>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Center for Disease Control (CDC) data reveal that after years of sustained decrease, the&#xD;
      incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) disease in the US has plateaued. Most of the cases&#xD;
      occur when Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reactivates replication in people who have latent&#xD;
      tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Only 5 to 10% of subjects with LTBI develop active TB&#xD;
      Infection over their lifetime. Current US guidelines recommend treating everyone with LTBI to&#xD;
      stop progression to active TB. As treatment is long, only about 45-55% of patients finish&#xD;
      treatment overall, regardless of whether the patients are at high (&gt;10%) or low lifetime risk&#xD;
      of reactivation. The investigator's study aims to test the efficacy of a combined approach of&#xD;
      first determining subjects at high risk of reactivation and then treating them with a CDC&#xD;
      approved once a week treatment regimen, directly observed by a nurse over video (video-based&#xD;
      Directly Observed Therapy, vDOT). Ensuring treatment of the high-risk group will eventually&#xD;
      decrease the community active TB burden.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Tuberculosis (TB) in the US: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium&#xD;
      tuberculosis (Mtb), is a leading cause of mortality, killing more than a million people&#xD;
      worldwide^1. In the United States an important recent trend has been the plateauing of the&#xD;
      active TB disease incidence at 3.0 cases per 100,000 persons^2. Current US TB control&#xD;
      guidelines recommend treating all subjects with LTBI to prevent progression to active TB.&#xD;
      However, treatment is given with the antibiotic Isoniazid (INH) for 6-9 months, Rifampin and&#xD;
      Rifabutin for 4 months or INH with Rifapentine for 3 months and as subjects with LTBI are&#xD;
      asymptomatic, treatment default rates are understandably high (&gt;10% on average)^3-5. It is&#xD;
      well known that a subset of patients with LTBI have higher risk of progression to active TB.&#xD;
      Because of the high treatment default rate, a number of these &quot;high risk&quot; subjects receive&#xD;
      incomplete or no preventive therapy and contribute to the incidence of active TB cases in the&#xD;
      US. Currently, there are no strategies being implemented to identify those at highest risk&#xD;
      and consequently treatment approaches follow the &quot;one size fits all&quot; paradigm. In the&#xD;
      investigators preliminary study done at the Saint Louis University (SLU) Infectious Diseases&#xD;
      Clinic, the investigators used an online risk calculator (TSTin3D.com)^6 to retrospectively&#xD;
      determine the cumulative lifetime risk of progression to active TB for adults receiving&#xD;
      treatment for latent TB. The investigators found that current practice leads to equal rates&#xD;
      of treatment completion i.e. 57% in the high risk for active TB disease (TBhi) group (&gt;10%&#xD;
      cumulative risk of progression based on medical risk factors) compared to 59% for those at&#xD;
      lowest risk (TBlow, &lt;10% cumulative risk of progression). It is not standard of care to use a&#xD;
      scoring system like the TSTin3d.com to assess the risk. There are certain risk factors like&#xD;
      having HIV or being on immunosuppression that physicians ask about but most physicians do not&#xD;
      do a quantitative risk assessment. Treatment choices are usually based on convenience and&#xD;
      concern for side effects but the most common regimen is daily INH for 6-9 months.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This data implies that the current &quot;treat everyone and hope that therapy is completed&quot;&#xD;
      approach leads to a significant number of people in the TBhi group remaining untreated and at&#xD;
      high risk of progression to active TB. A recent advance has been a CDC approved regimen using&#xD;
      Isoniazid (INH) and Rifapentine given weekly as directly observed therapy (DOT) for 12 weeks&#xD;
      (known as the 3HP regimen). This regimen has shown lower toxicity, better adherence and&#xD;
      equivalent efficacy^7-12. INH + Rifapentine (3HP) is not currently used widely as DOT is&#xD;
      resource intensive. The investigators hypothesize that if providers use the calculator&#xD;
      (TSTin3d.com) to firstly determine risk and then select the once weekly DOT for the TBhi&#xD;
      group (12 doses total); the investigators can ensure that the TBhi group completes treatment.&#xD;
      Complete treatment of the TBhi group will have the highest impact in decreasing the community&#xD;
      burden of TB disease. The investigators propose the first US study to prospectively test the&#xD;
      efficacy of an approach which 1) defines the TBhi group using TSTin3d.com and 2) ensures&#xD;
      treatment completion in the TBhi group with weekly with video-based DOT (vDOT) with 3HP. Most&#xD;
      patients nowadays have access to a smartphone with video capabilities. A HIPAA approved video&#xD;
      application (Zoom) is already available through the Missouri Telehealth Network and can be&#xD;
      used by the patient to interface with the TB clinic nurse over a smartphone. The&#xD;
      investigators approach removes the need for the patients in the TBhi group to be physically&#xD;
      present in the TB clinic. All patients identified in the TBhi group can thus be safely&#xD;
      provided vDOT. The investigators pilot study has important implications for improving care&#xD;
      and patient treatment outcomes as it will identify the &quot;high risk&quot; subjects with latent TB&#xD;
      using tstin3d.com (Table 1), [a validated online calculator that combines TST or interferon&#xD;
      Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) screening results with clinical information obtained from the&#xD;
      patient, to generate an individual's cumulative risk of developing active TB disease, up to&#xD;
      age 80^11]. The investigators will then ensure that patients complete therapy under direct&#xD;
      observation by a nurse using video based Directly Observed Therapy (vDOT). vDOT also&#xD;
      eliminates the need for the patient to physically visit the clinic. All patients need is&#xD;
      access to a smartphone with video capabilities. HIPAA approved video based applications are&#xD;
      already available for vDOT and has already been implemented successfully.^13&#xD;
&#xD;
      All of the drug options listed are standard of care currently in the US. It is currently not&#xD;
      standard of care to use a scoring system like tstin3d.com to assess risk. There are certain&#xD;
      risk factors like having HIV or being on immunosuppression that physicians routinely ask&#xD;
      about but most physicians do not do a quantitative risk assessment. Treatment choices are&#xD;
      usually based on convenience and concern for side effects but the most common regimen is&#xD;
      daily INH for 6 months or 9 months.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Withdrawn</overall_status>
  <why_stopped>
    Investigator is leaving the University&#xD;
  </why_stopped>
  <start_date type="Anticipated">June 30, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">January 31, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">January 31, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Case-Only</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Prospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Percentage of patients completing treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>4 months</time_frame>
    <description>Achieving &gt; 90% treatment completion in patients with LTBI at &gt; 10% cumulative individual risk of developing active TB using vDOT.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>1</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Actual">0</enrollment>
  <condition>Latent Tuberculosis</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection</arm_group_label>
    <description>Isoniazid 900 mg orally + Rifapentine 600 mg orally + Pyridoxine 50 mg orally once a week for 12 weeks</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Rifapentine 600 mg orally</intervention_name>
    <description>Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy</description>
    <arm_group_label>Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Priftin</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Isoniazid 900 mg orally</intervention_name>
    <description>Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy</description>
    <arm_group_label>Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>INH</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Pyridoxine 50 mg orally</intervention_name>
    <description>Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy</description>
    <arm_group_label>Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Vitamin B6</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <biospec_retention>Samples Without DNA</biospec_retention>
  <biospec_descr>
    <textblock>
      20 mL of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) will be collected for future research.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </biospec_descr>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        Adults with latent tuberculosis&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        - Age 18 years + 1 day (defined as date of birth plus one day). This age cutoff has been&#xD;
        selected as tstin3d.com has only been validated for this age group.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Subjects must have all of the following:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI), defined as positive Tuberculin skin&#xD;
             test/QuantiFERON TB Gold test or T-spot assay done within 1 month prior to enrollment.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Absence of active TB disease as determined by history, physical examination, chest&#xD;
             X-ray, (sputum smear and/or culture done as needed by the assessing physician for&#xD;
             Mtb).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Greater than 10% cumulative risk of developing active TB disease (determined by&#xD;
             TSTin3D.com).&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  A subject will be excluded if any of the following criteria are met:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presence of active TB disease&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  BMI &lt;16&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Cardiovascular instability (Blood pressure: Systolic &gt;180 or &lt;90 mm/Hg or Diastolic&#xD;
             &gt;100 or &lt; 50mm/Hg; pulse &lt;40 or &gt;110)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Chest X-Ray report within last 3 months not available&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  HIV positive and currently on treatment with a regimen that has severe drug&#xD;
             interactions with 3HP.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presumed infected with INH or Rifapentine (RIF)-resistant M. tuberculosis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Women who are pregnant, nursing or expect to become pregnant for the duration of the&#xD;
             study.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Temperature ≥38.5°C or other clinical evidence of an acute infection at screening&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of treatment for &gt;14 consecutive days with a rifamycin or &gt;30 consecutive days&#xD;
             with isoniazid during the previous 2 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Documented history of completing adequate treatment for active tuberculosis or latent&#xD;
             M. tuberculosis infection in a HIV-seronegative person&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of sensitivity/intolerance to isoniazid or rifamycins&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) &gt;5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) if AST&#xD;
             was determined&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Hemodynamic instability or medical/psychological condition precluding participation in&#xD;
             the study as judged by the investigator&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  No access to a smartphone for personal use&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Refuse blood draws&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Refuse to participate in the study&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  If female of childbearing potential and on a hormonal contraception method, refuse to&#xD;
             use an additional barrier method with the hormonal method for the duration of the&#xD;
             study&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>80 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Soumya Chatterjee, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>St. Louis University</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Saint Louis University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Saint Louis</city>
        <state>Missouri</state>
        <zip>63104</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <link>
    <url>http://who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/.</url>
    <description>World Health Organization (WHO) TB Report</description>
  </link>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Salinas JL, Mindra G, Haddad MB, Pratt R, Price SF, Langer AJ. Leveling of Tuberculosis Incidence - United States, 2013-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016 Mar 25;65(11):273-8. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6511a2.</citation>
    <PMID>27010173</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Li J, Munsiff SS, Tarantino T, Dorsinville M. Adherence to treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in a clinical population in New York City. Int J Infect Dis. 2010 Apr;14(4):e292-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.05.007. Epub 2009 Aug 4.</citation>
    <PMID>19656705</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Stuurman AL, Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten M, van Kessel F, Oordt-Speets AM, Sandgren A, van der Werf MJ. Interventions for improving adherence to treatment for latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Jun 8;16:257. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1549-4.</citation>
    <PMID>27268103</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Sterling TR, Scott NA, Miro JM, Calvet G, La Rosa A, Infante R, Chen MP, Benator DA, Gordin F, Benson CA, Chaisson RE, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium, the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial (TBTC Study 26ACTG 5259) The investigators of the TB Trials Consortium and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial are listed in the Supplement, item 17. Three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-coinfected persons. AIDS. 2016 Jun 19;30(10):1607-15. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001098.</citation>
    <PMID>27243774</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Sterling TR, Moro RN, Borisov AS, Phillips E, Shepherd G, Adkinson NF, Weis S, Ho C, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Flu-like and Other Systemic Drug Reactions Among Persons Receiving Weekly Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid or Daily Isoniazid for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the PREVENT Tuberculosis Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Aug 15;61(4):527-35. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ323. Epub 2015 Apr 22.</citation>
    <PMID>25904367</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Bliven-Sizemore EE, Sterling TR, Shang N, Benator D, Schwartzman K, Reves R, Drobeniuc J, Bock N, Villarino ME; TB Trials Consortium. Three months of weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid is less hepatotoxic than nine months of daily isoniazid for LTBI. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Sep;19(9):1039-44, i-v. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0829.</citation>
    <PMID>26260821</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Sterling TR, Villarino ME, Borisov AS, Shang N, Gordin F, Bliven-Sizemore E, Hackman J, Hamilton CD, Menzies D, Kerrigan A, Weis SE, Weiner M, Wing D, Conde MB, Bozeman L, Horsburgh CR Jr, Chaisson RE; TB Trials Consortium PREVENT TB Study Team. Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection. N Engl J Med. 2011 Dec 8;365(23):2155-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1104875.</citation>
    <PMID>22150035</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Holzschuh EL, Province S, Johnson K, Walls C, Shemwell C, Martin G, Showalter A, Dunlay J, Conyers A, Griffin P, Tausz N. Use of Video Directly Observed Therapy for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection - Johnson County, Kansas, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Apr 14;66(14):387-389. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6614a3.</citation>
    <PMID>28406884</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Menzies D, Gardiner G, Farhat M, Greenaway C, Pai M. Thinking in three dimensions: a web-based algorithm to aid the interpretation of tuberculin skin test results. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008 May;12(5):498-505.</citation>
    <PMID>18419884</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>June 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 19, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 19, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 21, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 27, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 27, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">July 1, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>St. Louis University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Soumya Chatterjee, MD</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Tuberculosis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Latent Tuberculosis</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Pyridoxine</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Vitamin B 6</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Isoniazid</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Rifapentine</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03783728
org study id: 29312
nct id: NCT03783728
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: Yes
is us export: No
Center for Disease Control (CDC) data reveal that after years of sustained decrease, the
      incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) disease in the US has plateaued. Most of the cases
      occur when Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reactivates replication in people who have latent
      tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Only 5 to 10% of subjects with LTBI develop active TB
      Infection over their lifetime. Current US guidelines recommend treating everyone with LTBI to
      stop progression to active TB. As treatment is long, only about 45-55% of patients finish
      treatment overall, regardless of whether the patients are at high (>10%) or low lifetime risk
      of reactivation. The investigator's study aims to test the efficacy of a combined approach of
      first determining subjects at high risk of reactivation and then treating them with a CDC
      approved once a week treatment regimen, directly observed by a nurse over video (video-based
      Directly Observed Therapy, vDOT). Ensuring treatment of the high-risk group will eventually
      decrease the community active TB burden.
Tuberculosis (TB) in the US: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis (Mtb), is a leading cause of mortality, killing more than a million people
      worldwide^1. In the United States an important recent trend has been the plateauing of the
      active TB disease incidence at 3.0 cases per 100,000 persons^2. Current US TB control
      guidelines recommend treating all subjects with LTBI to prevent progression to active TB.
      However, treatment is given with the antibiotic Isoniazid (INH) for 6-9 months, Rifampin and
      Rifabutin for 4 months or INH with Rifapentine for 3 months and as subjects with LTBI are
      asymptomatic, treatment default rates are understandably high (>10% on average)^3-5. It is
      well known that a subset of patients with LTBI have higher risk of progression to active TB.
      Because of the high treatment default rate, a number of these "high risk" subjects receive
      incomplete or no preventive therapy and contribute to the incidence of active TB cases in the
      US. Currently, there are no strategies being implemented to identify those at highest risk
      and consequently treatment approaches follow the "one size fits all" paradigm. In the
      investigators preliminary study done at the Saint Louis University (SLU) Infectious Diseases
      Clinic, the investigators used an online risk calculator (TSTin3D.com)^6 to retrospectively
      determine the cumulative lifetime risk of progression to active TB for adults receiving
      treatment for latent TB. The investigators found that current practice leads to equal rates
      of treatment completion i.e. 57% in the high risk for active TB disease (TBhi) group (>10%
      cumulative risk of progression based on medical risk factors) compared to 59% for those at
      lowest risk (TBlow, <10% cumulative risk of progression). It is not standard of care to use a
      scoring system like the TSTin3d.com to assess the risk. There are certain risk factors like
      having HIV or being on immunosuppression that physicians ask about but most physicians do not
      do a quantitative risk assessment. Treatment choices are usually based on convenience and
      concern for side effects but the most common regimen is daily INH for 6-9 months.

      This data implies that the current "treat everyone and hope that therapy is completed"
      approach leads to a significant number of people in the TBhi group remaining untreated and at
      high risk of progression to active TB. A recent advance has been a CDC approved regimen using
      Isoniazid (INH) and Rifapentine given weekly as directly observed therapy (DOT) for 12 weeks
      (known as the 3HP regimen). This regimen has shown lower toxicity, better adherence and
      equivalent efficacy^7-12. INH + Rifapentine (3HP) is not currently used widely as DOT is
      resource intensive. The investigators hypothesize that if providers use the calculator
      (TSTin3d.com) to firstly determine risk and then select the once weekly DOT for the TBhi
      group (12 doses total); the investigators can ensure that the TBhi group completes treatment.
      Complete treatment of the TBhi group will have the highest impact in decreasing the community
      burden of TB disease. The investigators propose the first US study to prospectively test the
      efficacy of an approach which 1) defines the TBhi group using TSTin3d.com and 2) ensures
      treatment completion in the TBhi group with weekly with video-based DOT (vDOT) with 3HP. Most
      patients nowadays have access to a smartphone with video capabilities. A HIPAA approved video
      application (Zoom) is already available through the Missouri Telehealth Network and can be
      used by the patient to interface with the TB clinic nurse over a smartphone. The
      investigators approach removes the need for the patients in the TBhi group to be physically
      present in the TB clinic. All patients identified in the TBhi group can thus be safely
      provided vDOT. The investigators pilot study has important implications for improving care
      and patient treatment outcomes as it will identify the "high risk" subjects with latent TB
      using tstin3d.com (Table 1), [a validated online calculator that combines TST or interferon
      Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) screening results with clinical information obtained from the
      patient, to generate an individual's cumulative risk of developing active TB disease, up to
      age 80^11]. The investigators will then ensure that patients complete therapy under direct
      observation by a nurse using video based Directly Observed Therapy (vDOT). vDOT also
      eliminates the need for the patient to physically visit the clinic. All patients need is
      access to a smartphone with video capabilities. HIPAA approved video based applications are
      already available for vDOT and has already been implemented successfully.^13

      All of the drug options listed are standard of care currently in the US. It is currently not
      standard of care to use a scoring system like tstin3d.com to assess risk. There are certain
      risk factors like having HIV or being on immunosuppression that physicians routinely ask
      about but most physicians do not do a quantitative risk assessment. Treatment choices are
      usually based on convenience and concern for side effects but the most common regimen is
      daily INH for 6 months or 9 months.
observational model: Case-Only
time perspective: Prospective
measure: Percentage of patients completing treatment
time frame: 4 months
description: Achieving > 90% treatment completion in patients with LTBI at > 10% cumulative individual risk of developing active TB using vDOT.
arm group label: Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection
description: Isoniazid 900 mg orally + Rifapentine 600 mg orally + Pyridoxine 50 mg orally once a week for 12 weeks
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Rifapentine 600 mg orally
description: Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy
arm group label: Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection
other name: Priftin
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Isoniazid 900 mg orally
description: Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy
arm group label: Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection
other name: INH
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Pyridoxine 50 mg orally
description: Once a week for 12 weeks using Video Directly Observed Therapy
arm group label: Untreated Latent Tuberculosis Infection
other name: Vitamin B6
20 mL of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) will be collected for future research.
study pop: 
sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 80 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Soumya Chatterjee, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: St. Louis University
facility: 
country: United States
url: http://who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/.
description: World Health Organization (WHO) TB Report
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PMID: 27268103
citation: Sterling TR, Scott NA, Miro JM, Calvet G, La Rosa A, Infante R, Chen MP, Benator DA, Gordin F, Benson CA, Chaisson RE, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium, the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial (TBTC Study 26ACTG 5259) The investigators of the TB Trials Consortium and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group for the PREVENT TB Trial are listed in the Supplement, item 17. Three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-coinfected persons. AIDS. 2016 Jun 19;30(10):1607-15. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001098.
PMID: 27243774
citation: Sterling TR, Moro RN, Borisov AS, Phillips E, Shepherd G, Adkinson NF, Weis S, Ho C, Villarino ME; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Flu-like and Other Systemic Drug Reactions Among Persons Receiving Weekly Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid or Daily Isoniazid for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the PREVENT Tuberculosis Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Aug 15;61(4):527-35. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ323. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
PMID: 25904367
citation: Bliven-Sizemore EE, Sterling TR, Shang N, Benator D, Schwartzman K, Reves R, Drobeniuc J, Bock N, Villarino ME; TB Trials Consortium. Three months of weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid is less hepatotoxic than nine months of daily isoniazid for LTBI. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Sep;19(9):1039-44, i-v. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0829.
PMID: 26260821
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PMID: 22150035
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PMID: 28406884
citation: Menzies D, Gardiner G, Farhat M, Greenaway C, Pai M. Thinking in three dimensions: a web-based algorithm to aid the interpretation of tuberculin skin test results. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008 May;12(5):498-505.
PMID: 18419884
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: St. Louis University
investigator full name: Soumya Chatterjee, MD
investigator title: Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine
mesh term: Tuberculosis
mesh term: Latent Tuberculosis
mesh term: Pyridoxine
mesh term: Vitamin B 6
mesh term: Isoniazid
mesh term: Rifapentine