<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03798002</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>RiphahI Maryam Khan</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03798002</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Neuro-muscular Exercise Training Verses Quadriceps Training in Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis</brief_title>
  <official_title>Effects of Neuro-muscular Exercise Training Verses Isolated Quadriceps Training Program in Patients With Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Riphah International University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Riphah International University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      A randomized controlled trial in which Neuro-muscular exercise training and Isolated&#xD;
      quadriceps training program would be applied on patients with symptomatic knee Osteoarthritis&#xD;
      by using different tools and changes would be examined pre and post intervention .The&#xD;
      participants fulfilling inclusion criteria would be randomly allocated to two groups. Both&#xD;
      groups received different protocols and will be assessed on data collection tool on their&#xD;
      first and last visit by using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), The Western Ontario and&#xD;
      McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Timed Up and Go test (TUG test), 30sec chair stand&#xD;
      test,6min walk test (6MWT).Participants of both groups will be pre-tested before the&#xD;
      application of interventional programs and post-tested after the application of respective&#xD;
      intervention.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The knee joint is a complex modified hinge joint with the greatest range of movement. Three&#xD;
      bones come together to form the joint, which are the femur, tibia, and patella.&#xD;
      Osteoarthritis, commonly known as wear-and-tear arthritis, is a condition in which the&#xD;
      natural cushioning between joints, cartilage wears away. The bones of the joints rub more&#xD;
      closely against one another with less of the shock-absorbing benefits of cartilage. The&#xD;
      rubbing results in pain, swelling, stiffness, decreased ability to move and, sometimes, the&#xD;
      formation of bone spurs.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Osteoarthritis is widespread among physically active individuals . The quadriceps weakness&#xD;
      commonly associated with osteoarthritis of the knee is widely believed to result from disuse&#xD;
      atrophy secondary to pain in the involved joint. However, quadriceps weakness may be an&#xD;
      etiologic factor in the development of osteoarthritis. Several studies have indicated that&#xD;
      Physical modalities for the treatment of knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis include&#xD;
      physical therapy, exercise, weight loss, and the use of braces or heel wedges. High- and&#xD;
      low-intensity aerobic exercises are equally effective in improving functional status, gait,&#xD;
      pain, and aerobic capacity in persons with knee osteoarthritis water-based and land-based&#xD;
      exercises reduce knee pain and physical disability and aerobic walking, quadriceps&#xD;
      strengthening, resistance exercise reduce pain and disability.Several proptocols are&#xD;
      available for management of knee joint osteoarthritis. These protocols include Neuro motor&#xD;
      training exercise and isolated quadriceps training program. Neuromotor training is basically&#xD;
      combination of three parts warming up, a circuit program, and cooling down. Main principle of&#xD;
      Neuro-motor training is to improve sensorimotor control and compensatory functional&#xD;
      stability.[3]Patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis pain, stiffness, flexibility and&#xD;
      decreases range of motion is a common clinical finding. Flexibility is an important component&#xD;
      of fitness needed for most desirable musculoskeletal functioning and maximizing the&#xD;
      performance of physical activities. Flexibility is a biomechanical property of the body&#xD;
      tissues and it determines the range of motion possible without injury at a joint or group of&#xD;
      joints. Decrease range of motion has been shown to predispose a person to several&#xD;
      musculoskeletal overuse injuries and considerably affect a person level of function.Changes&#xD;
      in joint appearance/ joint deformities be one of the more commonly established causes of&#xD;
      osteoarthritis. The target in treating patients with OA should be the safest possible&#xD;
      intervention, with the best pain relief and prevention of further functional disability.&#xD;
      Neuromotor training is also one of the treatment option related to physical therapy in&#xD;
      reducing knee pain with home plane exercises to gain required ROM and resume function. Time&#xD;
      up and go test (TUG test).the tug is internationally accepted functional dynamic test of&#xD;
      balance with known reliability and validity as well as being low cost and easy to apply. The&#xD;
      tug test measures the time in seconds that takes a subject to stand up from chair and sit&#xD;
      down. Subject will score less than 10 seconds are consider normal, less than 15 sec are at&#xD;
      risk of fall ,less than 20 sec are independent in ambulation and able to climb the stairs,&#xD;
      and greater than 30 seconds need help with chair. The 30 Second Chair Stand Test, in&#xD;
      conjunction with other measures such as the 4-Stage Balance Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test&#xD;
      and an assessment of postural hypotension can help to indicate if a patient is at risk of&#xD;
      falling. Purpose is to test leg strength and endurance Equipment: A chair with a straight&#xD;
      back, without arm rests, placed against a wall to prevent it moving. Sit in the middle of the&#xD;
      chair. Place each hand on the opposite shoulder crossed at the wrists. Place your feet flat&#xD;
      on the floor. Keep your back straight and keep your arms against your chest. On &quot;Go&quot;, rise to&#xD;
      a full standing position and then sit back down again. Repeat this for 30 seconds. On &quot;Go&quot;&#xD;
      begin timing. Do not continue if you feel the patient may fall during the test. Count the&#xD;
      number of times the patient comes to a full standing position in 30 seconds and record it in&#xD;
      the box below. If the patient is over halfway to a standing position when 30 seconds have&#xD;
      elapsed, count it as a stand. If the patient must use his or her arms to stand then stop the&#xD;
      test and record &quot;0&quot; for the number below.The western Ontario and McMaster universities&#xD;
      osteoarthritis (womac) is a widely used by health professionals to evaluate the condition of&#xD;
      patient with osteoarthritis of knee . womac measures 5 items for pain score 0-20. 2 for&#xD;
      stiffness score 0-8 and 17 for functional limitation score 0-68. Physical functioning&#xD;
      question of daily activities such as siting standing walking lying on bed taking of socks&#xD;
      getting in or out of bath. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRs) is used for measure of pain&#xD;
      intensity. In NPRS 0-10 integers that best reflects the intensity of pain. 0 represent no&#xD;
      pain.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Previous studies were more focused on hydrotherapeutic exercises, muscle stretching&#xD;
      strengthening, aerobics. There is still a challenge to explore best type of exercise therapy&#xD;
      for improving sensorimotor function, alleviating symptoms and showing the disease process in&#xD;
      different sub groups of patients with degenerative knee disease&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 15, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">April 30, 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">April 30, 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Other</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Participant)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>WOMAC Scale</measure>
    <time_frame>From baseline to 8th week</time_frame>
    <description>WOMAC is western Onterio and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index. Its scores are from 0-100</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Numeric pain rating scale(NPRS)</measure>
    <time_frame>From baseline to 8th week</time_frame>
    <description>Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure pain. Its score is from 0-10, with 0 means no pain and10 means worst pain.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">60</enrollment>
  <condition>Knee Osteoarthritis</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Neuro-muscular exercise training Group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Neuro-muscular exercise training will be administer to Knee OA patients.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>quadriceps training program</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>quadriceps stretching and strengthening exercises will be administer to Knee OA patients.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Neuro-muscular exercise training Group</intervention_name>
    <description>Training takes place 3 days a week for 8 weeks follow up, under the supervision of physical therapist A training session lasts for 40 minutes, and consists of three parts.&#xD;
PART 1:Warming up:&#xD;
warm-up period consists of ergometer cycling for 10 minutes&#xD;
PART 2: Circuit program:&#xD;
comprises four exercises, core stability/postural function; postural orientation; lower extremity muscle strength; and functional exercises. Each exercise is performed 2-3 sets 10-15 repetitions.&#xD;
PART 3:Cooling down:&#xD;
The cooling down part consists of walking exercises forward and backwards, about 10 meters in each direction, in front of mirror (mobility exercises for the lower extremity muscles for a total of about 10 minutes. Changes in patient's symptom assessed by structural questionnaire</description>
    <arm_group_label>Neuro-muscular exercise training Group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>quadriceps training program</intervention_name>
    <description>Apply Tens (10min+ hot pack 7-10min) Before excercise ROM,Quadriceps and hamstring stretching exercise's and strengthening exercises.&#xD;
4th-6th week (in addition): Straight leg raise, Quads over a roll, Hamstring curls. 7th and 8th week (in addition): Elastic band exercise, Hamstring curls, Quads chair, isometric strengthening All exercises are performed in set of 10 repetitions. 1 set of all exercises was twice a day for first 3 week, and 2 sets twice a day until 6th week and then 3 sets twice a day until 8th week</description>
    <arm_group_label>quadriceps training program</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  UL/BL knee OA,&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age 40-65, both genders,&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  American college of rheumatology criteria for knee OA,&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Grade 2 or 3 on Kellgren/Lawrence classification for Knee OA.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Knee surgery&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Rheumatoid arthritis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Any neurological condition affecting lower limbs and balance&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Use of assistive devices for walking.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>40 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>65 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>imran Amjad, Phd*</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Associate Professor</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Imran Amjad</name>
      <address>
        <city>Islamabad</city>
        <state>Punjab</state>
        <zip>46000</zip>
        <country>Pakistan</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Riphah International University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Islamabad</city>
        <zip>46000</zip>
        <country>Pakistan</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Weng MC, Lee CL, Chen CH, Hsu JJ, Lee WD, Huang MH, Chen TW. Effects of different stretching techniques on the outcomes of isokinetic exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2009 Jun;25(6):306-15. doi: 10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70521-2.</citation>
    <PMID>19560995</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Slemenda C, Brandt KD, Heilman DK, Mazzuca S, Braunstein EM, Katz BP, Wolinsky FD. Quadriceps weakness and osteoarthritis of the knee. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Jul 15;127(2):97-104. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00001.</citation>
    <PMID>9230035</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Bhatia D, Bejarano T, Novo M. Current interventions in the management of knee osteoarthritis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2013 Jan;5(1):30-8. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.106561.</citation>
    <PMID>23559821</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Merashly M, Uthman I. Management of knee osteoarthritis: an evidence-based review of treatment options. J Med Liban. 2012 Oct-Dec;60(4):237-42.</citation>
    <PMID>23461090</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Holsgaard-Larsen A, Clausen B, Sondergaard J, Christensen R, Andriacchi TP, Roos EM. The effect of instruction in analgesic use compared with neuromuscular exercise on knee-joint load in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 Apr;25(4):470-480. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.022. Epub 2016 Nov 9.</citation>
    <PMID>27836677</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Villadsen A, Overgaard S, Holsgaard-Larsen A, Christensen R, Roos EM. Immediate efficacy of neuromuscular exercise in patients with severe osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 2014 Jul;41(7):1385-94. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.130642. Epub 2014 Jun 15.</citation>
    <PMID>24931956</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ageberg E, Nilsdotter A, Kosek E, Roos EM. Effects of neuromuscular training (NEMEX-TJR) on patient-reported outcomes and physical function in severe primary hip or knee osteoarthritis: a controlled before-and-after study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Aug 8;14:232. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-232.</citation>
    <PMID>23924144</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Bennell KL, Egerton T, Wrigley TV, Hodges PW, Hunt M, Roos EM, Kyriakides M, Metcalf B, Forbes A, Ageberg E, Hinman RS. Comparison of neuromuscular and quadriceps strengthening exercise in the treatment of varus malaligned knees with medial knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Dec 5;12:276. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-276.</citation>
    <PMID>22141334</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>August 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>January 5, 2019</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>January 8, 2019</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">January 9, 2019</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>August 7, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>August 7, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 8, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>isolated quadriceps training</keyword>
  <keyword>Neuro-muscular exercise training</keyword>
  <keyword>knee Osteoarthritis</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Osteoarthritis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Osteoarthritis, Knee</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03798002
org study id: RiphahI Maryam Khan
nct id: NCT03798002
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
A randomized controlled trial in which Neuro-muscular exercise training and Isolated
      quadriceps training program would be applied on patients with symptomatic knee Osteoarthritis
      by using different tools and changes would be examined pre and post intervention .The
      participants fulfilling inclusion criteria would be randomly allocated to two groups. Both
      groups received different protocols and will be assessed on data collection tool on their
      first and last visit by using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), The Western Ontario and
      McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Timed Up and Go test (TUG test), 30sec chair stand
      test,6min walk test (6MWT).Participants of both groups will be pre-tested before the
      application of interventional programs and post-tested after the application of respective
      intervention.
The knee joint is a complex modified hinge joint with the greatest range of movement. Three
      bones come together to form the joint, which are the femur, tibia, and patella.
      Osteoarthritis, commonly known as wear-and-tear arthritis, is a condition in which the
      natural cushioning between joints, cartilage wears away. The bones of the joints rub more
      closely against one another with less of the shock-absorbing benefits of cartilage. The
      rubbing results in pain, swelling, stiffness, decreased ability to move and, sometimes, the
      formation of bone spurs.

      Osteoarthritis is widespread among physically active individuals . The quadriceps weakness
      commonly associated with osteoarthritis of the knee is widely believed to result from disuse
      atrophy secondary to pain in the involved joint. However, quadriceps weakness may be an
      etiologic factor in the development of osteoarthritis. Several studies have indicated that
      Physical modalities for the treatment of knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis include
      physical therapy, exercise, weight loss, and the use of braces or heel wedges. High- and
      low-intensity aerobic exercises are equally effective in improving functional status, gait,
      pain, and aerobic capacity in persons with knee osteoarthritis water-based and land-based
      exercises reduce knee pain and physical disability and aerobic walking, quadriceps
      strengthening, resistance exercise reduce pain and disability.Several proptocols are
      available for management of knee joint osteoarthritis. These protocols include Neuro motor
      training exercise and isolated quadriceps training program. Neuromotor training is basically
      combination of three parts warming up, a circuit program, and cooling down. Main principle of
      Neuro-motor training is to improve sensorimotor control and compensatory functional
      stability.[3]Patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis pain, stiffness, flexibility and
      decreases range of motion is a common clinical finding. Flexibility is an important component
      of fitness needed for most desirable musculoskeletal functioning and maximizing the
      performance of physical activities. Flexibility is a biomechanical property of the body
      tissues and it determines the range of motion possible without injury at a joint or group of
      joints. Decrease range of motion has been shown to predispose a person to several
      musculoskeletal overuse injuries and considerably affect a person level of function.Changes
      in joint appearance/ joint deformities be one of the more commonly established causes of
      osteoarthritis. The target in treating patients with OA should be the safest possible
      intervention, with the best pain relief and prevention of further functional disability.
      Neuromotor training is also one of the treatment option related to physical therapy in
      reducing knee pain with home plane exercises to gain required ROM and resume function. Time
      up and go test (TUG test).the tug is internationally accepted functional dynamic test of
      balance with known reliability and validity as well as being low cost and easy to apply. The
      tug test measures the time in seconds that takes a subject to stand up from chair and sit
      down. Subject will score less than 10 seconds are consider normal, less than 15 sec are at
      risk of fall ,less than 20 sec are independent in ambulation and able to climb the stairs,
      and greater than 30 seconds need help with chair. The 30 Second Chair Stand Test, in
      conjunction with other measures such as the 4-Stage Balance Test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test
      and an assessment of postural hypotension can help to indicate if a patient is at risk of
      falling. Purpose is to test leg strength and endurance Equipment: A chair with a straight
      back, without arm rests, placed against a wall to prevent it moving. Sit in the middle of the
      chair. Place each hand on the opposite shoulder crossed at the wrists. Place your feet flat
      on the floor. Keep your back straight and keep your arms against your chest. On "Go", rise to
      a full standing position and then sit back down again. Repeat this for 30 seconds. On "Go"
      begin timing. Do not continue if you feel the patient may fall during the test. Count the
      number of times the patient comes to a full standing position in 30 seconds and record it in
      the box below. If the patient is over halfway to a standing position when 30 seconds have
      elapsed, count it as a stand. If the patient must use his or her arms to stand then stop the
      test and record "0" for the number below.The western Ontario and McMaster universities
      osteoarthritis (womac) is a widely used by health professionals to evaluate the condition of
      patient with osteoarthritis of knee . womac measures 5 items for pain score 0-20. 2 for
      stiffness score 0-8 and 17 for functional limitation score 0-68. Physical functioning
      question of daily activities such as siting standing walking lying on bed taking of socks
      getting in or out of bath. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRs) is used for measure of pain
      intensity. In NPRS 0-10 integers that best reflects the intensity of pain. 0 represent no
      pain.

      Previous studies were more focused on hydrotherapeutic exercises, muscle stretching
      strengthening, aerobics. There is still a challenge to explore best type of exercise therapy
      for improving sensorimotor function, alleviating symptoms and showing the disease process in
      different sub groups of patients with degenerative knee disease
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Other
masking: Single (Participant)
measure: WOMAC Scale
time frame: From baseline to 8th week
description: WOMAC is western Onterio and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index. Its scores are from 0-100
measure: Numeric pain rating scale(NPRS)
time frame: From baseline to 8th week
description: Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure pain. Its score is from 0-10, with 0 means no pain and10 means worst pain.
arm group label: Neuro-muscular exercise training Group
arm group type: Experimental
description: Neuro-muscular exercise training will be administer to Knee OA patients.
arm group label: quadriceps training program
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: quadriceps stretching and strengthening exercises will be administer to Knee OA patients.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Neuro-muscular exercise training Group
description: Training takes place 3 days a week for 8 weeks follow up, under the supervision of physical therapist A training session lasts for 40 minutes, and consists of three parts.
PART 1:Warming up:
warm-up period consists of ergometer cycling for 10 minutes
PART 2: Circuit program:
comprises four exercises, core stability/postural function; postural orientation; lower extremity muscle strength; and functional exercises. Each exercise is performed 2-3 sets 10-15 repetitions.
PART 3:Cooling down:
The cooling down part consists of walking exercises forward and backwards, about 10 meters in each direction, in front of mirror (mobility exercises for the lower extremity muscles for a total of about 10 minutes. Changes in patient's symptom assessed by structural questionnaire
arm group label: Neuro-muscular exercise training Group
intervention type: Other
intervention name: quadriceps training program
description: Apply Tens (10min+ hot pack 7-10min) Before excercise ROM,Quadriceps and hamstring stretching exercise's and strengthening exercises.
4th-6th week (in addition): Straight leg raise, Quads over a roll, Hamstring curls. 7th and 8th week (in addition): Elastic band exercise, Hamstring curls, Quads chair, isometric strengthening All exercises are performed in set of 10 repetitions. 1 set of all exercises was twice a day for first 3 week, and 2 sets twice a day until 6th week and then 3 sets twice a day until 8th week
arm group label: quadriceps training program
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 40 Years
maximum age: 65 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: imran Amjad, Phd*
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Associate Professor
facility: 
facility: 
country: Pakistan
citation: Weng MC, Lee CL, Chen CH, Hsu JJ, Lee WD, Huang MH, Chen TW. Effects of different stretching techniques on the outcomes of isokinetic exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2009 Jun;25(6):306-15. doi: 10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70521-2.
PMID: 19560995
citation: Slemenda C, Brandt KD, Heilman DK, Mazzuca S, Braunstein EM, Katz BP, Wolinsky FD. Quadriceps weakness and osteoarthritis of the knee. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Jul 15;127(2):97-104. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00001.
PMID: 9230035
citation: Bhatia D, Bejarano T, Novo M. Current interventions in the management of knee osteoarthritis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2013 Jan;5(1):30-8. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.106561.
PMID: 23559821
citation: Merashly M, Uthman I. Management of knee osteoarthritis: an evidence-based review of treatment options. J Med Liban. 2012 Oct-Dec;60(4):237-42.
PMID: 23461090
citation: Holsgaard-Larsen A, Clausen B, Sondergaard J, Christensen R, Andriacchi TP, Roos EM. The effect of instruction in analgesic use compared with neuromuscular exercise on knee-joint load in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 Apr;25(4):470-480. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.022. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
PMID: 27836677
citation: Villadsen A, Overgaard S, Holsgaard-Larsen A, Christensen R, Roos EM. Immediate efficacy of neuromuscular exercise in patients with severe osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 2014 Jul;41(7):1385-94. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.130642. Epub 2014 Jun 15.
PMID: 24931956
citation: Ageberg E, Nilsdotter A, Kosek E, Roos EM. Effects of neuromuscular training (NEMEX-TJR) on patient-reported outcomes and physical function in severe primary hip or knee osteoarthritis: a controlled before-and-after study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Aug 8;14:232. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-232.
PMID: 23924144
citation: Bennell KL, Egerton T, Wrigley TV, Hodges PW, Hunt M, Roos EM, Kyriakides M, Metcalf B, Forbes A, Ageberg E, Hinman RS. Comparison of neuromuscular and quadriceps strengthening exercise in the treatment of varus malaligned knees with medial knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Dec 5;12:276. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-276.
PMID: 22141334
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Osteoarthritis
mesh term: Osteoarthritis, Knee
sharing ipd: No