<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03801512</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>N201805024</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03801512</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Comparing the Efficacy of Steroid, Acupuncture and Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Patients With Sciatica</brief_title>
  <official_title>Comparing the Efficacy of Transforaminal Epidural Injections, Acupuncture and Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Patients With Sciatica Due to Intervertebral Disc Herniation, Spinal Stenosis and Spondylolisthesis</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Taipei Medical University Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Taipei Medical University Hospital</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Disc herniation, stenosis of the spine and spondylolisthesis are the common causes of&#xD;
      radiculitis in medical practice today, and can cause symptoms of sciatica. Steroid injection,&#xD;
      acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection are often used interventions for the&#xD;
      treatments of sciatica. The investigators will investigate the efficacy and safety of steroid&#xD;
      injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection for sciatica in this single center,&#xD;
      parallel, randomized-controlled clinical trial.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Steroid injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection are often used&#xD;
      interventions for the treatments of sciatica. The investigators will investigate the efficacy&#xD;
      and safety of steroid injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection for sciatica&#xD;
      in this single center, parallel, randomized-controlled clinical trial.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Participants will be randomized into 3 groups (steroid injection, acupuncture and&#xD;
      platelet-rich plasma injection) by central allocation. Randomized participants will complete&#xD;
      a questionnaire that solicited information regarding age, sex, marital status, occupation,&#xD;
      education, and medical history. The blinding credibility of the treatments will be evaluated&#xD;
      at the end of the treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Participants in steroid injection group will receive Triamcinolone 1pc plus lidocaine 1% 1cc&#xD;
      injection at neuritis nerve roots. Participants in platelet-rich plasma injection group will&#xD;
      receive 15cc blood draw first to concentrate into platelet-rich plasma and then inject at&#xD;
      neuritis nerve roots. Participants in acupuncture group received standardized acupuncture&#xD;
      treatment. hat treatment was accomplished by selecting a group of acupuncture points that&#xD;
      predefined. Acupuncture points will be bladder meridian pattern acupuncture points including&#xD;
      Shenshu (BL23), Qihaishu (BL24), Dachangshu (BL25), and Guanyuanshu(BL26). The needles will&#xD;
      be inserted perpendicular to a depth of 5 to 35 mm depending on the acupuncture point, which&#xD;
      was followed by manual stimulation by bidirectional rotation to induce Deqi sensation. Deqi&#xD;
      was defined as a dull, localized, and aching sensation, which signaled the attainment of qi.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Outcome Measures Primary Outcome Measure The primary outcome measure is visual analogue scale&#xD;
      for sciatica. To understand the impact of sciatica on the participants' life, visual analogue&#xD;
      scale for bothersomeness is chosen instead of pain intensity. The participants will be asked&#xD;
      to mark, on a 10 cm visual analogue scale (0, absence of bothersomeness; 10, the worst&#xD;
      bothersomeness imaginable), the average degree of bothersomeness due to sciatica experienced&#xD;
      within the most recent 1 week from the day of the assessment. This measurement has&#xD;
      substantial validity. Bothersomeness of sciatica will be measured at baseline, 1-, 2-, 4-,&#xD;
      8-, 12-, 16-, and 24-week.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Secondary Outcome Measures Numeric Rating Scale for pain intensity is a simple method&#xD;
      evaluating the subjective intensity of pain. Pain intensity will be measured in the same way&#xD;
      as visual analogue scale for bothersomeness. Validity of its reliability has been&#xD;
      demonstrated. The Chinese version Oswestry Disability Index is used to measure back&#xD;
      pain-related dysfunction. Health-related quality of life will be measured using the&#xD;
      well-validated EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D). A higher score is indicative of a better general&#xD;
      health status. Participants satisfaction will be evaluated with 5 point scale (1 is worst,&#xD;
      and 5 is best)&#xD;
&#xD;
      We will perform the Shapiro-Wilk normality test to determine whether or not the sample values&#xD;
      followed a normal distribution and finally assumed normality according to the test result.&#xD;
      For the description of baseline characteristics, mean with standard deviation (SD) for&#xD;
      continuous data and frequency with percentage for dichotomous data will be described. Also,&#xD;
      for the homogeneity test of baseline characteristics between 3 groups, 2-sample t tests for&#xD;
      continuous data and chi-square test for dichotomous data will be performed. A mixed-model&#xD;
      approach of repeated-measures 2-factor analysis will be used to analyze the difference and&#xD;
      mean change in baseline, 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, and 24-week visual analogue scale score,&#xD;
      Oswestry Disability Index, EQ-5D, patient satisfaction difference and mean change between&#xD;
      groups, interaction between groups, and periods.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">April 24, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 31, 2022</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">January 31, 2022</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Investigator)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>visual analogue scale score</measure>
    <time_frame>2 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>Self reported pain intensity: 1. scales with a middle point, graduations or numbers; 2. meter-shaped scales; 3. &quot;box-scales&quot; consisting of circles equidistant from each other; 4. scales with descriptive terms at intervals along a line</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)</measure>
    <time_frame>2 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>An 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain scored 0-10 ( 0=no pain, 10= pain as bad as can be)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>EQ-5D</measure>
    <time_frame>2 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The EQ-5D questionnaire has two components: health state description and evaluation.&#xD;
In the description part, health status is measured in terms of five dimensions (5D); mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Mobility dimension asks about the person's walking ability. Self-care dimension asks about the ability to wash or dress by oneself, and usual activities dimension measures performance in &quot;work, study, housework, family or leisure activities&quot;. In pain/discomfort dimension, it asks how much pain or discomfort they have, and in anxiety/depression dimension, it asks how anxious or depressed they are.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Oswestry Disability Index (ODQ)</measure>
    <time_frame>2 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>The Oswestry Disability Index (ODQ) has ten sections: pain, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sex life, social life, and travelling. Respondents choose one of six statements that most applies to them in each section. The first statement is scored 0, the second is scored 1, and so on to 5 for the sixth statement. The sum of the section scores is transformed to a percentage score, adjusted for missed sections. The total possible score ranges 0-100 and a higher score indicates worse function. Scores from 0-20% are claimed to indicate 'minimal disability', 20-40% 'moderate disability', 40-60% 'severe disability', 60-80% 'crippled', and 80-100% 'bedbound or exaggerating'</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>3</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">90</enrollment>
  <condition>Sciatica</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Steroid Injections</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Inject steroid at neuritis nerve root.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Acupuncture</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Acupuncture at acupoints BL23 to BL26.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Platelet Rich Plasma Injection</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Inject Platelet Rich Plasma at neuritis nerve root.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Steroid</intervention_name>
    <description>Triamcinolone 1pc + lidocaine 1% 1cc inject at neuritis nerve roots</description>
    <arm_group_label>Steroid Injections</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Acupuncture</intervention_name>
    <description>1.5 inch acupuncture needles insert at acupoints BL23, BL24, BL25 and BL26</description>
    <arm_group_label>Acupuncture</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Platelet Rich Plasma</intervention_name>
    <description>Inject investigators Platelet Rich Plasma at neuritis nerve roots</description>
    <arm_group_label>Platelet Rich Plasma Injection</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Female or male, 20 to 80 years of age.&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Participants who had dermatome between L3 to S1, or participants whose straight leg&#xD;
             raising test was positive, or participants had Meyerding Grade I to II&#xD;
             spondylolisthesis or herniated intervertebral disc or spinal stenosis diagnosed by&#xD;
             X-rays, Magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography.&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Participants whose sciatica symptom doesn't have occur time limit.&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Participants who agreed to follow the trial protocol.&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Participants who could complete the study treatment and assessments.&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Participants who had steroid or pain control injection can participate the study after&#xD;
             receiving injection more than 3 days.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Participants with severe progressive neurological symptoms (e.g. cauda equina&#xD;
             compression).&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Participants who had undergone surgery for lumbar disc herniation within 6 months.&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Participants whose sciatica symptom wasn't caused by lumbar radiculopathy.&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Participants with cardiovascular, liver, kidney, or hematopoietic system diseases,&#xD;
             severe psychiatric or psychological disorder, or cancer.&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Women who were pregnant.&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Participants with a pacemaker, metal allergy, or severe fear of needles.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>20 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>80 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ray-Jade Chen, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Taipei Medical University Hospital</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Meng-Huang Wu, PhD</last_name>
    <phone>886 2 27372181</phone>
    <phone_ext>3740</phone_ext>
    <email>141036@h.tmu.edu.tw</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>Ray-Jade Chen, PhD</last_name>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Taipei Medical University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Taipei City</city>
        <zip>11031</zip>
        <country>Taiwan</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Meng-Huang Wu</last_name>
      <phone>+8862273721813470</phone>
      <email>maxwutmu@gmail.com</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Taiwan</country>
  </location_countries>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Inoue M, Hojo T, Yano T, Katsumi Y. Electroacupuncture direct to spinal nerves as an alternative to selective spinal nerve block in patients with radicular sciatica--a cohort study. Acupunct Med. 2005 Mar;23(1):27-30. doi: 10.1136/aim.23.1.27.</citation>
    <PMID>15844437</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Abbasipour-Dalivand S, Mohammadi R, Mohammadi V. Effects of Local Administration of Platelet Rich Plasma on Functional Recovery after Bridging Sciatic Nerve Defect Using Silicone Rubber Chamber; An Experimental Study. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2015 Jan;3(1):1-7.</citation>
    <PMID>27162893</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Kucuk L, Gunay H, Erbas O, Kucuk U, Atamaz F, Coskunol E. Effects of platelet-rich plasma on nerve regeneration in a rat model. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014;48(4):449-54. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2014.13.0029.</citation>
    <PMID>25230270</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Centeno C, Markle J, Dodson E, Stemper I, Hyzy M, Williams C, Freeman M. The use of lumbar epidural injection of platelet lysate for treatment of radicular pain. J Exp Orthop. 2017 Nov 25;4(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40634-017-0113-5.</citation>
    <PMID>29177632</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>March 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>January 9, 2019</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>January 10, 2019</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">January 11, 2019</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 10, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 10, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 12, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Taipei Medical University Hospital</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Meng-Huang Wu</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Sciatica</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>There is no plan to make individual participant data available to other researchers.</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03801512
org study id: N201805024
nct id: NCT03801512
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Disc herniation, stenosis of the spine and spondylolisthesis are the common causes of
      radiculitis in medical practice today, and can cause symptoms of sciatica. Steroid injection,
      acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection are often used interventions for the
      treatments of sciatica. The investigators will investigate the efficacy and safety of steroid
      injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection for sciatica in this single center,
      parallel, randomized-controlled clinical trial.
Steroid injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection are often used
      interventions for the treatments of sciatica. The investigators will investigate the efficacy
      and safety of steroid injection, acupuncture and platelet-rich plasma injection for sciatica
      in this single center, parallel, randomized-controlled clinical trial.

      Participants will be randomized into 3 groups (steroid injection, acupuncture and
      platelet-rich plasma injection) by central allocation. Randomized participants will complete
      a questionnaire that solicited information regarding age, sex, marital status, occupation,
      education, and medical history. The blinding credibility of the treatments will be evaluated
      at the end of the treatment.

      Participants in steroid injection group will receive Triamcinolone 1pc plus lidocaine 1% 1cc
      injection at neuritis nerve roots. Participants in platelet-rich plasma injection group will
      receive 15cc blood draw first to concentrate into platelet-rich plasma and then inject at
      neuritis nerve roots. Participants in acupuncture group received standardized acupuncture
      treatment. hat treatment was accomplished by selecting a group of acupuncture points that
      predefined. Acupuncture points will be bladder meridian pattern acupuncture points including
      Shenshu (BL23), Qihaishu (BL24), Dachangshu (BL25), and Guanyuanshu(BL26). The needles will
      be inserted perpendicular to a depth of 5 to 35 mm depending on the acupuncture point, which
      was followed by manual stimulation by bidirectional rotation to induce Deqi sensation. Deqi
      was defined as a dull, localized, and aching sensation, which signaled the attainment of qi.

      Outcome Measures Primary Outcome Measure The primary outcome measure is visual analogue scale
      for sciatica. To understand the impact of sciatica on the participants' life, visual analogue
      scale for bothersomeness is chosen instead of pain intensity. The participants will be asked
      to mark, on a 10 cm visual analogue scale (0, absence of bothersomeness; 10, the worst
      bothersomeness imaginable), the average degree of bothersomeness due to sciatica experienced
      within the most recent 1 week from the day of the assessment. This measurement has
      substantial validity. Bothersomeness of sciatica will be measured at baseline, 1-, 2-, 4-,
      8-, 12-, 16-, and 24-week.

      Secondary Outcome Measures Numeric Rating Scale for pain intensity is a simple method
      evaluating the subjective intensity of pain. Pain intensity will be measured in the same way
      as visual analogue scale for bothersomeness. Validity of its reliability has been
      demonstrated. The Chinese version Oswestry Disability Index is used to measure back
      pain-related dysfunction. Health-related quality of life will be measured using the
      well-validated EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D). A higher score is indicative of a better general
      health status. Participants satisfaction will be evaluated with 5 point scale (1 is worst,
      and 5 is best)

      We will perform the Shapiro-Wilk normality test to determine whether or not the sample values
      followed a normal distribution and finally assumed normality according to the test result.
      For the description of baseline characteristics, mean with standard deviation (SD) for
      continuous data and frequency with percentage for dichotomous data will be described. Also,
      for the homogeneity test of baseline characteristics between 3 groups, 2-sample t tests for
      continuous data and chi-square test for dichotomous data will be performed. A mixed-model
      approach of repeated-measures 2-factor analysis will be used to analyze the difference and
      mean change in baseline, 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, and 24-week visual analogue scale score,
      Oswestry Disability Index, EQ-5D, patient satisfaction difference and mean change between
      groups, interaction between groups, and periods.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Single (Investigator)
measure: visual analogue scale score
time frame: 2 weeks
description: Self reported pain intensity: 1. scales with a middle point, graduations or numbers; 2. meter-shaped scales; 3. "box-scales" consisting of circles equidistant from each other; 4. scales with descriptive terms at intervals along a line
measure: Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
time frame: 2 weeks
description: An 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain scored 0-10 ( 0=no pain, 10= pain as bad as can be)
measure: EQ-5D
time frame: 2 weeks
description: The EQ-5D questionnaire has two components: health state description and evaluation.
In the description part, health status is measured in terms of five dimensions (5D); mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Mobility dimension asks about the person's walking ability. Self-care dimension asks about the ability to wash or dress by oneself, and usual activities dimension measures performance in "work, study, housework, family or leisure activities". In pain/discomfort dimension, it asks how much pain or discomfort they have, and in anxiety/depression dimension, it asks how anxious or depressed they are.
measure: Oswestry Disability Index (ODQ)
time frame: 2 weeks
description: The Oswestry Disability Index (ODQ) has ten sections: pain, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sex life, social life, and travelling. Respondents choose one of six statements that most applies to them in each section. The first statement is scored 0, the second is scored 1, and so on to 5 for the sixth statement. The sum of the section scores is transformed to a percentage score, adjusted for missed sections. The total possible score ranges 0-100 and a higher score indicates worse function. Scores from 0-20% are claimed to indicate 'minimal disability', 20-40% 'moderate disability', 40-60% 'severe disability', 60-80% 'crippled', and 80-100% 'bedbound or exaggerating'
arm group label: Steroid Injections
arm group type: Experimental
description: Inject steroid at neuritis nerve root.
arm group label: Acupuncture
arm group type: Experimental
description: Acupuncture at acupoints BL23 to BL26.
arm group label: Platelet Rich Plasma Injection
arm group type: Experimental
description: Inject Platelet Rich Plasma at neuritis nerve root.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Steroid
description: Triamcinolone 1pc + lidocaine 1% 1cc inject at neuritis nerve roots
arm group label: Steroid Injections
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Acupuncture
description: 1.5 inch acupuncture needles insert at acupoints BL23, BL24, BL25 and BL26
arm group label: Acupuncture
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Platelet Rich Plasma
description: Inject investigators Platelet Rich Plasma at neuritis nerve roots
arm group label: Platelet Rich Plasma Injection
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 20 Years
maximum age: 80 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Ray-Jade Chen, PhD
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Taipei Medical University Hospital
last name: Meng-Huang Wu, PhD
phone: 886 2 27372181
phone ext: 3740
email: 141036@h.tmu.edu.tw
last name: Ray-Jade Chen, PhD
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
country: Taiwan
citation: Inoue M, Hojo T, Yano T, Katsumi Y. Electroacupuncture direct to spinal nerves as an alternative to selective spinal nerve block in patients with radicular sciatica--a cohort study. Acupunct Med. 2005 Mar;23(1):27-30. doi: 10.1136/aim.23.1.27.
PMID: 15844437
citation: Abbasipour-Dalivand S, Mohammadi R, Mohammadi V. Effects of Local Administration of Platelet Rich Plasma on Functional Recovery after Bridging Sciatic Nerve Defect Using Silicone Rubber Chamber; An Experimental Study. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2015 Jan;3(1):1-7.
PMID: 27162893
citation: Kucuk L, Gunay H, Erbas O, Kucuk U, Atamaz F, Coskunol E. Effects of platelet-rich plasma on nerve regeneration in a rat model. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2014;48(4):449-54. doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2014.13.0029.
PMID: 25230270
citation: Centeno C, Markle J, Dodson E, Stemper I, Hyzy M, Williams C, Freeman M. The use of lumbar epidural injection of platelet lysate for treatment of radicular pain. J Exp Orthop. 2017 Nov 25;4(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40634-017-0113-5.
PMID: 29177632
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Taipei Medical University Hospital
investigator full name: Meng-Huang Wu
investigator title: Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics
mesh term: Sciatica
sharing ipd: No
ipd description: There is no plan to make individual participant data available to other researchers.