<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03783819</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>2181-198-03-01-18-0058</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03783819</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Effects of Hypericum Perforatum Oil on Promoting Skin Recovery in Different Human Skin Damage Models</brief_title>
  <official_title>Effects of Hypericum Perforatum Oil on Promoting Skin Recovery in Different Human Skin Damage Models, Randomized Controlled Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of Split, School of Medicine</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of Split, School of Medicine</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Saint John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) was recognised as a traditional, folk medicine used&#xD;
      topically for the treatment of wounds, abrasions, burns, sunburns and inflammatory skin&#xD;
      disorders.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Its use in wound healing could be justified with its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and&#xD;
      astringent effects. It also stimulated tissue growth and cell differentiation, as one of&#xD;
      Hypericum perforatum's main ingredients, hyperforin, was shown to activate TRPC6 channel&#xD;
      which had been recognised as an activator of keratinocyte differentiation. Another&#xD;
      potentially useful activities could be its inhibitory effects on epidermal Langerhans cells.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Furthermore, in vivo research showed its potential with improved wound healing in different&#xD;
      rat models. Finally, several clinical studies were performed testing its effects in atopic&#xD;
      dermatitis treatment, wound healing after caesarean section and episiotomy, as well as&#xD;
      healing of post-surgical scalp wounds, bed sores and venous ulcers.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The aim of the study will be to determine the effectiveness of ointment containing Hypericum&#xD;
      perforatum oil on promoting skin recovery in different human skin damage models on healthy&#xD;
      volunteers, in comparison to placebo.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Chosen test sites will be the forearms. One forearm will be treated will the formulation&#xD;
      containing Hypericum perforatum oil while the other will be treated with the placebo&#xD;
      formulation. Four test sites will be marked on each forearm with skin barrier damage induced&#xD;
      on three areas while the fourth will be left intact. Treated forearm and test sites sequence&#xD;
      on forearms will be prospectively randomized (double randomization).&#xD;
&#xD;
      First skin damage model used in the trial will be sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) induced&#xD;
      irritation. The SLS solution will be placed on the skin of participants under the occlusion&#xD;
      for 24 hours. Second model will be the tape-stripping procedure with defined TEWL value set&#xD;
      as an endpoint. The final model will be damage by the UV radiation. UV irradiation will be&#xD;
      performed under strict conditions with use of the necessary safety equipment. Only the&#xD;
      defined test areas will be irradiated with the defined dose of radiation.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">February 4, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">March 29, 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">March 29, 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Transepidermal water loss change</measure>
    <time_frame>Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).</time_frame>
    <description>Tewameter will be used to assess skin barrier function as a measurement of the water loss (g/hm2).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Stratum corneum hydration change</measure>
    <time_frame>Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).</time_frame>
    <description>Corneometer will be used to estimate skin dryness. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Erythema change</measure>
    <time_frame>Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).</time_frame>
    <description>Mexameter will be used to assess erythema. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Melanin content change</measure>
    <time_frame>Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).</time_frame>
    <description>Mexameter will be used to assess skin melanin content. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">28</enrollment>
  <condition>Skin Recovery in Different Human Skin Damage Models</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>One forearm will be treated with ointment containing Hypericum perforatum oil. Forearm (left or right) will be chosen according to randomization protocol.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Other forearm will be treated with placebo ointment. Forearm (left or right) will be chosen according to randomization protocol.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Hypericum perforatum oil</intervention_name>
    <description>Ointment containing Hypericum perforatum oil</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Placebo</intervention_name>
    <description>Ointment containing plant oils used in Hypericum perforatum oil production and dye</description>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>SLS induced irritation</intervention_name>
    <description>60 uL of 1% w/v sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) will be applied to skin under occlusion by large Finn chamber for 24 hours as described in the guidelines by Standardization group of European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Tape-stripping</intervention_name>
    <description>Skin barrier disruption will be induced by tape-stripping. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>UV radiation</intervention_name>
    <description>UV radiation will be used to induce skin erythema and damage. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Intact skin</intervention_name>
    <description>Healthy, intact skin. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active treatment</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo treatment</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        - young, healthy volunteers who gave written informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  skin disease, skin damage on measurement sites&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  use of corticosteroids, antihistamines and immunomodulators a month prior the&#xD;
             inclusion and during the trial&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  use of drugs that may cause photosensitivity&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  use of emollients three days prior the inclusion in the trial&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  non-adherence to the trial protocol&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  exposure to artificial and excessive natural UV radiation&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  pregnancy and lactation&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  skin cancer&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  history of vitiligo, melasma and other pigmentation and photosensitivity disorders&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  immunosuppression&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  allergic or irritant reactions to the constituents of the two ointments (active and&#xD;
             placebo) and similar chemicals (e.g. salicylic and benzoic acid)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>60 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Dario Leskur, MPharm</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of Split, School of Medicine</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>School of Medicine</name>
      <address>
        <city>Split</city>
        <zip>21000</zip>
        <country>Croatia</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Croatia</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wolfle U, Seelinger G, Schempp CM. Topical application of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). Planta Med. 2014 Feb;80(2-3):109-20. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1351019. Epub 2013 Nov 8.</citation>
    <PMID>24214835</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Jaric S, Kostic O, Mataruga Z, Pavlovic D, Pavlovic M, Mitrovic M, Pavlovic P. Traditional wound-healing plants used in the Balkan region (Southeast Europe). J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Jan 30;211:311-328. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.018. Epub 2017 Sep 21.</citation>
    <PMID>28942136</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schempp CM, Winghofer B, Ludtke R, Simon-Haarhaus B, Schopf E, Simon JC. Topical application of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and of its metabolite hyperforin inhibits the allostimulatory capacity of epidermal cells. Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):979-84. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03482.x.</citation>
    <PMID>10809859</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Davis J, Burr AR, Davis GF, Birnbaumer L, Molkentin JD. A TRPC6-dependent pathway for myofibroblast transdifferentiation and wound healing in vivo. Dev Cell. 2012 Oct 16;23(4):705-15. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.08.017. Epub 2012 Sep 27.</citation>
    <PMID>23022034</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Suntar IP, Akkol EK, Yilmazer D, Baykal T, Kirmizibekmez H, Alper M, Yesilada E. Investigations on the in vivo wound healing potential of Hypericum perforatum L. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 3;127(2):468-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.10.011. Epub 2009 Oct 13.</citation>
    <PMID>19833187</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Thandar Y, Gray A, Botha J, Mosam A. Topical herbal medicines for atopic eczema: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Feb;176(2):330-343. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14840. Epub 2016 Nov 30.</citation>
    <PMID>27373699</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schempp CM, Windeck T, Hezel S, Simon JC. Topical treatment of atopic dermatitis with St. John's wort cream--a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind half-side comparison. Phytomedicine. 2003;10 Suppl 4:31-7. doi: 10.1078/1433-187x-00306.</citation>
    <PMID>12807340</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lavagna SM, Secci D, Chimenti P, Bonsignore L, Ottaviani A, Bizzarri B. Efficacy of Hypericum and Calendula oils in the epithelial reconstruction of surgical wounds in childbirth with caesarean section. Farmaco. 2001 May-Jul;56(5-7):451-3. doi: 10.1016/s0014-827x(01)01060-6.</citation>
    <PMID>11482776</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Samadi S, Khadivzadeh T, Emami A, Moosavi NS, Tafaghodi M, Behnam HR. The effect of Hypericum perforatum on the wound healing and scar of cesarean. J Altern Complement Med. 2010 Jan;16(1):113-7. doi: 10.1089/acm.2009.0317.</citation>
    <PMID>20064022</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hajhashemi M, Ghanbari Z, Movahedi M, Rafieian M, Keivani A, Haghollahi F. The effect of Achillea millefolium and Hypericum perforatum ointments on episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Jan;31(1):63-69. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1275549. Epub 2017 Feb 23.</citation>
    <PMID>28027682</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lauchli S, Hafner J, Wehrmann C, French LE, Hunziker T. Post-surgical scalp wounds with exposed bone treated with a plant-derived wound therapeutic. J Wound Care. 2012 May;21(5):228, 230, 232-3. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2012.21.5.228.</citation>
    <PMID>22584740</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tupker RA, Willis C, Berardesca E, Lee CH, Fartasch M, Agner T, Serup J. Guidelines on sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) exposure tests. A report from the Standardization Group of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1997 Aug;37(2):53-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00041.x.</citation>
    <PMID>9285167</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>February 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 17, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 18, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 21, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>February 20, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>February 20, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">February 21, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Hypericum perforatum</keyword>
  <keyword>Saint John's Wort</keyword>
  <keyword>St. John's Wort</keyword>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03783819
org study id: 2181-198-03-01-18-0058
nct id: NCT03783819
lead sponsor: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Saint John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) was recognised as a traditional, folk medicine used
      topically for the treatment of wounds, abrasions, burns, sunburns and inflammatory skin
      disorders.

      Its use in wound healing could be justified with its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and
      astringent effects. It also stimulated tissue growth and cell differentiation, as one of
      Hypericum perforatum's main ingredients, hyperforin, was shown to activate TRPC6 channel
      which had been recognised as an activator of keratinocyte differentiation. Another
      potentially useful activities could be its inhibitory effects on epidermal Langerhans cells.

      Furthermore, in vivo research showed its potential with improved wound healing in different
      rat models. Finally, several clinical studies were performed testing its effects in atopic
      dermatitis treatment, wound healing after caesarean section and episiotomy, as well as
      healing of post-surgical scalp wounds, bed sores and venous ulcers.

      The aim of the study will be to determine the effectiveness of ointment containing Hypericum
      perforatum oil on promoting skin recovery in different human skin damage models on healthy
      volunteers, in comparison to placebo.

      Chosen test sites will be the forearms. One forearm will be treated will the formulation
      containing Hypericum perforatum oil while the other will be treated with the placebo
      formulation. Four test sites will be marked on each forearm with skin barrier damage induced
      on three areas while the fourth will be left intact. Treated forearm and test sites sequence
      on forearms will be prospectively randomized (double randomization).

      First skin damage model used in the trial will be sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) induced
      irritation. The SLS solution will be placed on the skin of participants under the occlusion
      for 24 hours. Second model will be the tape-stripping procedure with defined TEWL value set
      as an endpoint. The final model will be damage by the UV radiation. UV irradiation will be
      performed under strict conditions with use of the necessary safety equipment. Only the
      defined test areas will be irradiated with the defined dose of radiation.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Transepidermal water loss change
time frame: Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).
description: Tewameter will be used to assess skin barrier function as a measurement of the water loss (g/hm2).
measure: Stratum corneum hydration change
time frame: Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).
description: Corneometer will be used to estimate skin dryness. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).
measure: Erythema change
time frame: Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).
description: Mexameter will be used to assess erythema. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).
measure: Melanin content change
time frame: Assessments will be performed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 8th and 11th day of the trial (baseline measurements and change from baseline assessment).
description: Mexameter will be used to assess skin melanin content. It is a relative measurement and uses arbitrary units (AU).
arm group label: Active treatment
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: One forearm will be treated with ointment containing Hypericum perforatum oil. Forearm (left or right) will be chosen according to randomization protocol.
arm group label: Placebo treatment
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: Other forearm will be treated with placebo ointment. Forearm (left or right) will be chosen according to randomization protocol.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Hypericum perforatum oil
description: Ointment containing Hypericum perforatum oil
arm group label: Active treatment
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Placebo
description: Ointment containing plant oils used in Hypericum perforatum oil production and dye
arm group label: Placebo treatment
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: SLS induced irritation
description: 60 uL of 1% w/v sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) will be applied to skin under occlusion by large Finn chamber for 24 hours as described in the guidelines by Standardization group of European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.
arm group label: Active treatment
arm group label: Placebo treatment
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Tape-stripping
description: Skin barrier disruption will be induced by tape-stripping. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.
arm group label: Active treatment
arm group label: Placebo treatment
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: UV radiation
description: UV radiation will be used to induce skin erythema and damage. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.
arm group label: Active treatment
arm group label: Placebo treatment
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Intact skin
description: Healthy, intact skin. Procedure will be performed to specified skin sites, according to randomization protocol.
arm group label: Active treatment
arm group label: Placebo treatment
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 60 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Dario Leskur, MPharm
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of Split, School of Medicine
facility: 
country: Croatia
citation: Wolfle U, Seelinger G, Schempp CM. Topical application of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). Planta Med. 2014 Feb;80(2-3):109-20. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1351019. Epub 2013 Nov 8.
PMID: 24214835
citation: Jaric S, Kostic O, Mataruga Z, Pavlovic D, Pavlovic M, Mitrovic M, Pavlovic P. Traditional wound-healing plants used in the Balkan region (Southeast Europe). J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Jan 30;211:311-328. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.018. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
PMID: 28942136
citation: Schempp CM, Winghofer B, Ludtke R, Simon-Haarhaus B, Schopf E, Simon JC. Topical application of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and of its metabolite hyperforin inhibits the allostimulatory capacity of epidermal cells. Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):979-84. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03482.x.
PMID: 10809859
citation: Davis J, Burr AR, Davis GF, Birnbaumer L, Molkentin JD. A TRPC6-dependent pathway for myofibroblast transdifferentiation and wound healing in vivo. Dev Cell. 2012 Oct 16;23(4):705-15. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.08.017. Epub 2012 Sep 27.
PMID: 23022034
citation: Suntar IP, Akkol EK, Yilmazer D, Baykal T, Kirmizibekmez H, Alper M, Yesilada E. Investigations on the in vivo wound healing potential of Hypericum perforatum L. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 3;127(2):468-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.10.011. Epub 2009 Oct 13.
PMID: 19833187
citation: Thandar Y, Gray A, Botha J, Mosam A. Topical herbal medicines for atopic eczema: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Feb;176(2):330-343. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14840. Epub 2016 Nov 30.
PMID: 27373699
citation: Schempp CM, Windeck T, Hezel S, Simon JC. Topical treatment of atopic dermatitis with St. John's wort cream--a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind half-side comparison. Phytomedicine. 2003;10 Suppl 4:31-7. doi: 10.1078/1433-187x-00306.
PMID: 12807340
citation: Lavagna SM, Secci D, Chimenti P, Bonsignore L, Ottaviani A, Bizzarri B. Efficacy of Hypericum and Calendula oils in the epithelial reconstruction of surgical wounds in childbirth with caesarean section. Farmaco. 2001 May-Jul;56(5-7):451-3. doi: 10.1016/s0014-827x(01)01060-6.
PMID: 11482776
citation: Samadi S, Khadivzadeh T, Emami A, Moosavi NS, Tafaghodi M, Behnam HR. The effect of Hypericum perforatum on the wound healing and scar of cesarean. J Altern Complement Med. 2010 Jan;16(1):113-7. doi: 10.1089/acm.2009.0317.
PMID: 20064022
citation: Hajhashemi M, Ghanbari Z, Movahedi M, Rafieian M, Keivani A, Haghollahi F. The effect of Achillea millefolium and Hypericum perforatum ointments on episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Jan;31(1):63-69. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1275549. Epub 2017 Feb 23.
PMID: 28027682
citation: Lauchli S, Hafner J, Wehrmann C, French LE, Hunziker T. Post-surgical scalp wounds with exposed bone treated with a plant-derived wound therapeutic. J Wound Care. 2012 May;21(5):228, 230, 232-3. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2012.21.5.228.
PMID: 22584740
citation: Tupker RA, Willis C, Berardesca E, Lee CH, Fartasch M, Agner T, Serup J. Guidelines on sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) exposure tests. A report from the Standardization Group of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1997 Aug;37(2):53-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00041.x.
PMID: 9285167
responsible party type: Sponsor
sharing ipd: Undecided