<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03777800</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>10.128</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03777800</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Body Therapy for War Veterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)</brief_title>
  <official_title>Body Therapy for War Veterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Combined Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) and Qualitative Study.</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of Southern Denmark</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>National Board of Health, Denmark</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Soldaterlegatet</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>ManuVision</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Patientforeningen Danmark</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of Southern Denmark</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The present study is a randomized, controlled trial that compares a certain type of body&#xD;
      therapy, called ManuVision, to treatment as usual (TAU) in war veterans with posttraumatic&#xD;
      stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of the study is to determine whether participation in the&#xD;
      body therapy treatment by war veterans who have PTSD, will reduce symptoms of PTSD and&#xD;
      depression, and improve quality of life, function level and body awareness.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Study hypotheses state that the ManuVision approach, compared to the treatment as usual, will&#xD;
      be more effective at reducing the PTSD symptoms experienced by veterans because it will help&#xD;
      the veterans learning to become aware of, accept the PTSD symptoms, reading their own&#xD;
      emotional state and gain body awareness and subsequently have emotional control and improved&#xD;
      coping mechanism when PTSD symptoms arise. The awareness, accept and improved coping&#xD;
      mechanisms means that the nervous system is not under the same pressure and that PTSD&#xD;
      symptoms therefore may be reduced.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Background: A sizable proportion of soldiers involved in military missions are experiencing&#xD;
      mental health and adjustment problems on their return, including PTSD. PTSD is both a&#xD;
      psychological and a physical condition, which occurs as a post-reaction to one or more&#xD;
      traumatic experiences. The symptoms include aggressive behaviour, difficulty sleeping,&#xD;
      tiredness, anxiety, and social isolation, and many sufferers develop depression, and the war&#xD;
      veterans are at a higher risk of suicide. Physiologically, people with PTSD experience an&#xD;
      activation of their sympathetic nervous system, whereby the stress hormones adrenalin and&#xD;
      cortisol are released, the heart rate increases, the blood pressure rises, and the body is&#xD;
      geared toward a 'fight or flight' response. A major challenge for veterans with PTSD is&#xD;
      emotional control and problems with reading their own and others' emotional state.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study will provide a certain type of body therapy, called ManuVision, to war veterans&#xD;
      with PTSD. ManuVision is a Danish developed body therapy working with direct physical&#xD;
      treatment of the body and through this approach with the client's psychosocial resources.&#xD;
      There are conversations during and before treatment, as appropriate, and trust is&#xD;
      intentionally built from the first meeting through eye contact and open breathing on behalf&#xD;
      of the ManuVision therapist. The treatment is based on the understanding that chock, trauma&#xD;
      and stress are stored in the body blocking the muscles and breathing and affecting the nerve&#xD;
      system.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The intervention in this project entails individual courses of body therapy including 24&#xD;
      treatment sessions over 6 months for veterans with PTSD, plus recommended daily meditation at&#xD;
      home.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The study goals are to:&#xD;
&#xD;
        1. Investigate how the body therapy treatment is implemented, and how the participants&#xD;
           experience the treatment, respond to the treatment and which transformations&#xD;
           participants experience in the everyday life (a process evaluation by qualitative&#xD;
           methods).&#xD;
&#xD;
        2. Compare the body therapy treatment with treatment as usual (TAU). Symptoms of PTSD,&#xD;
           depression, function level, quality of life, and body awareness will be examined at&#xD;
           pre-treatment, midway during the treatment period, post-treatment and, if possible, at&#xD;
           follow-up to determine if symptoms change over time (an effect evaluation by&#xD;
           quantitative methods).&#xD;
&#xD;
      The research questions are as follows:&#xD;
&#xD;
      A. How is the treatment implemented, how do the participants experience and respond to the&#xD;
      treatment, and what characterizes the interaction between veteran and practitioner? B. In&#xD;
      which ways do the veterans experience transformations, e.g. in terms of their body, feelings,&#xD;
      social relations, everyday lives, quality of life, and handling their PTSD symptoms? C. What&#xD;
      is the effect of the intervention on PTSD symptoms, quality of life, function level,&#xD;
      depression and body awareness? D. Are there better outcomes for participants who received&#xD;
      more treatment (i.e., number of treatment sessions)?&#xD;
&#xD;
      In order to answer the research questions A and B we will use participant observation,&#xD;
      qualitative interviews, and focus group interviews with veterans, family members and&#xD;
      practitioners.&#xD;
&#xD;
      In order to answer the research question C concerning the intervention's effect, appropriate&#xD;
      statistical methods (e.g., Repeated measures ANOVA) will be used to analyse the differences&#xD;
      between the intervention and the control group based on validated questionnaires.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Finally, a dose-response analysis is carried out (D) based on the practitioners' registered&#xD;
      number of treatment sessions. This will support and refine the effect estimations.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 14, 2019</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">October 1, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">April 1, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Self-reported PTSD symptoms by the PTSD checklist - military version (PCL-M)</measure>
    <time_frame>Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)</time_frame>
    <description>The PTSD checklist contains 17 items corresponding to the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Past month symptom severity is indicated using a 5 point scale. Higher scores represent greater severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Self-reported depression symptoms as measured by the Major Depression Inventory (MDI)</measure>
    <time_frame>Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)</time_frame>
    <description>The severity of depression is measured over the last 2 weeks in the form of a Likert scale at which the frequency of each symptom can be indicated from 0 (at no time) to 5 (all the time). Score range is from 0 (no depression) to 50 (extreme depression).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Self-reported quality of life using the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)</measure>
    <time_frame>Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)</time_frame>
    <description>Each of the five items indicates current positive wellbeing during the previous two weeks from 0 (at no time) to 5 (all of the time).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Function level using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS)</measure>
    <time_frame>Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)</time_frame>
    <description>A self-administered rating scale measuring functional impairment with regard to family, work and social network using three visual analogue scales.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Self-reported body awareness using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interceptive Awareness (MAIA) Questionnaire</measure>
    <time_frame>Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)</time_frame>
    <description>MAIA contains 32 items. The items are organized into eight subscales: (1) Noticing: the awareness of body sensations; (2) Not-Distracting: the tendency to ignore or distract oneself from sensations of pain or discomfort; (3) Not-Worrying: emotional distress or worry with sensations of pain or discomfort; (4) Attention Regulation: the ability to sustain and control attention to body sensation; (5) Emotional Awareness: the awareness of the connection between body sensations and emotional states; (6) Self-Regulation: the ability to regulate psychological distress by attention to body sensations; (7) Body Listening: actively listening to the body for insight; (8) Trusting: experiencing one's body as safe and trustworthy.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Participants' responsiveness</measure>
    <time_frame>Post-treatment (approximately 6 months)</time_frame>
    <description>A 3-item questionnaire with a 0-10 response scale to measure the participants' judgement of the treatment (only the intervention group)</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">40</enrollment>
  <condition>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic</condition>
  <condition>Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders</condition>
  <condition>Behavioral Symptoms</condition>
  <condition>Depression</condition>
  <condition>Quality of Life</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Body Therapy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants in the intervention condition will be assigned to a 6-month body therapy treatment focused on 24 individual body treatments including conversations and direct physical treatment of the body combined with home-based daily practice of meditation.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Treatment As usual</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants in the control condition will be offered treatment as usual, which is psychiatric medication and/or individual psychotherapy as deemed relevant by the psychiatrist.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Body therapy</intervention_name>
    <description>Body therapy involving direct physical treatments, conversations, breathing exercises and relaxation in the sessions. Moreover, the participants are taught how to practice vipassana or awareness meditation every day at home.&#xD;
The body therapist works directly with the muscle armour and the treatment sessions have focus on creating a safe environment and enabling cognitive realisation and awareness of symptoms.&#xD;
Each participant is assigned a practitioner who acts as contact person and 'lifeline'. Furthermore, a coordinator is assigned in ManuVision who will also act as contact person when needed for the veterans. This provides peace of mind, trust, and ensures retention. The coordinator or the practitioner follows up on the veteran's progress prior to each session.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Body Therapy</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>ManuVision</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Treatment as usual</intervention_name>
    <description>Standard treatment</description>
    <arm_group_label>Treatment As usual</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Veterans&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Meet criteria for clinical PTSD or subclinical PTSD assessed by The Structured&#xD;
             Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Demonstrate understanding of informed consent and normal cognitive skills&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Current substance dependence (alcohol or drugs)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia, Bipolar I or II disorder, or current&#xD;
             psychiatric conditions such as psychosis or mania&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Nanna Ahlmark, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Nanna Ahlmark, PhD</last_name>
    <phone>+4565 50 78 15</phone>
    <email>naah@niph.dk</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>Susan Andersen, PhD</last_name>
    <phone>+4565507816</phone>
    <email>sua@niph.dk</email>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Military Psychiatric Center, Copenhagen University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Copenhagen</city>
        <zip>2100</zip>
        <country>Denmark</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Henrik S Andersen, Dr.Med.</last_name>
      <phone>+45 38647173</phone>
      <email>Henrik.Steen.Andersen@regionh.dk</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Denmark</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>March 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 11, 2018</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 14, 2018</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">December 17, 2018</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 8, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 8, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 12, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>University of Southern Denmark</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Susan Andersen</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Principal investigator</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Veterans</keyword>
  <keyword>Nervous System Diseases</keyword>
  <keyword>Body Therapy</keyword>
  <keyword>Mind-Body Therapies</keyword>
  <keyword>Coping Skills</keyword>
  <keyword>Breathing techniques</keyword>
  <keyword>Body awareness</keyword>
  <keyword>Emotional regulation</keyword>
  <keyword>Randomized Controlled Trial</keyword>
  <keyword>Qualitative study</keyword>
  <keyword>Mixed-methods</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Stress Disorders, Traumatic</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Behavioral Symptoms</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03777800
org study id: 10.128
nct id: NCT03777800
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The present study is a randomized, controlled trial that compares a certain type of body
      therapy, called ManuVision, to treatment as usual (TAU) in war veterans with posttraumatic
      stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of the study is to determine whether participation in the
      body therapy treatment by war veterans who have PTSD, will reduce symptoms of PTSD and
      depression, and improve quality of life, function level and body awareness.

      Study hypotheses state that the ManuVision approach, compared to the treatment as usual, will
      be more effective at reducing the PTSD symptoms experienced by veterans because it will help
      the veterans learning to become aware of, accept the PTSD symptoms, reading their own
      emotional state and gain body awareness and subsequently have emotional control and improved
      coping mechanism when PTSD symptoms arise. The awareness, accept and improved coping
      mechanisms means that the nervous system is not under the same pressure and that PTSD
      symptoms therefore may be reduced.
Background: A sizable proportion of soldiers involved in military missions are experiencing
      mental health and adjustment problems on their return, including PTSD. PTSD is both a
      psychological and a physical condition, which occurs as a post-reaction to one or more
      traumatic experiences. The symptoms include aggressive behaviour, difficulty sleeping,
      tiredness, anxiety, and social isolation, and many sufferers develop depression, and the war
      veterans are at a higher risk of suicide. Physiologically, people with PTSD experience an
      activation of their sympathetic nervous system, whereby the stress hormones adrenalin and
      cortisol are released, the heart rate increases, the blood pressure rises, and the body is
      geared toward a 'fight or flight' response. A major challenge for veterans with PTSD is
      emotional control and problems with reading their own and others' emotional state.

      This study will provide a certain type of body therapy, called ManuVision, to war veterans
      with PTSD. ManuVision is a Danish developed body therapy working with direct physical
      treatment of the body and through this approach with the client's psychosocial resources.
      There are conversations during and before treatment, as appropriate, and trust is
      intentionally built from the first meeting through eye contact and open breathing on behalf
      of the ManuVision therapist. The treatment is based on the understanding that chock, trauma
      and stress are stored in the body blocking the muscles and breathing and affecting the nerve
      system.

      The intervention in this project entails individual courses of body therapy including 24
      treatment sessions over 6 months for veterans with PTSD, plus recommended daily meditation at
      home.

      The study goals are to:

        1. Investigate how the body therapy treatment is implemented, and how the participants
           experience the treatment, respond to the treatment and which transformations
           participants experience in the everyday life (a process evaluation by qualitative
           methods).

        2. Compare the body therapy treatment with treatment as usual (TAU). Symptoms of PTSD,
           depression, function level, quality of life, and body awareness will be examined at
           pre-treatment, midway during the treatment period, post-treatment and, if possible, at
           follow-up to determine if symptoms change over time (an effect evaluation by
           quantitative methods).

      The research questions are as follows:

      A. How is the treatment implemented, how do the participants experience and respond to the
      treatment, and what characterizes the interaction between veteran and practitioner? B. In
      which ways do the veterans experience transformations, e.g. in terms of their body, feelings,
      social relations, everyday lives, quality of life, and handling their PTSD symptoms? C. What
      is the effect of the intervention on PTSD symptoms, quality of life, function level,
      depression and body awareness? D. Are there better outcomes for participants who received
      more treatment (i.e., number of treatment sessions)?

      In order to answer the research questions A and B we will use participant observation,
      qualitative interviews, and focus group interviews with veterans, family members and
      practitioners.

      In order to answer the research question C concerning the intervention's effect, appropriate
      statistical methods (e.g., Repeated measures ANOVA) will be used to analyse the differences
      between the intervention and the control group based on validated questionnaires.

      Finally, a dose-response analysis is carried out (D) based on the practitioners' registered
      number of treatment sessions. This will support and refine the effect estimations.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Self-reported PTSD symptoms by the PTSD checklist - military version (PCL-M)
time frame: Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)
description: The PTSD checklist contains 17 items corresponding to the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Past month symptom severity is indicated using a 5 point scale. Higher scores represent greater severity.
measure: Self-reported depression symptoms as measured by the Major Depression Inventory (MDI)
time frame: Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)
description: The severity of depression is measured over the last 2 weeks in the form of a Likert scale at which the frequency of each symptom can be indicated from 0 (at no time) to 5 (all the time). Score range is from 0 (no depression) to 50 (extreme depression).
measure: Self-reported quality of life using the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)
time frame: Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)
description: Each of the five items indicates current positive wellbeing during the previous two weeks from 0 (at no time) to 5 (all of the time).
measure: Function level using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS)
time frame: Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)
description: A self-administered rating scale measuring functional impairment with regard to family, work and social network using three visual analogue scales.
measure: Self-reported body awareness using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interceptive Awareness (MAIA) Questionnaire
time frame: Change from baseline to midway (approximately 3 months), post-treatment (approximately 6 months) and, if possible, follow-up (12 months)
description: MAIA contains 32 items. The items are organized into eight subscales: (1) Noticing: the awareness of body sensations; (2) Not-Distracting: the tendency to ignore or distract oneself from sensations of pain or discomfort; (3) Not-Worrying: emotional distress or worry with sensations of pain or discomfort; (4) Attention Regulation: the ability to sustain and control attention to body sensation; (5) Emotional Awareness: the awareness of the connection between body sensations and emotional states; (6) Self-Regulation: the ability to regulate psychological distress by attention to body sensations; (7) Body Listening: actively listening to the body for insight; (8) Trusting: experiencing one's body as safe and trustworthy.
measure: Participants' responsiveness
time frame: Post-treatment (approximately 6 months)
description: A 3-item questionnaire with a 0-10 response scale to measure the participants' judgement of the treatment (only the intervention group)
arm group label: Body Therapy
arm group type: Experimental
description: Participants in the intervention condition will be assigned to a 6-month body therapy treatment focused on 24 individual body treatments including conversations and direct physical treatment of the body combined with home-based daily practice of meditation.
arm group label: Treatment As usual
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Participants in the control condition will be offered treatment as usual, which is psychiatric medication and/or individual psychotherapy as deemed relevant by the psychiatrist.
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Body therapy
description: Body therapy involving direct physical treatments, conversations, breathing exercises and relaxation in the sessions. Moreover, the participants are taught how to practice vipassana or awareness meditation every day at home.
The body therapist works directly with the muscle armour and the treatment sessions have focus on creating a safe environment and enabling cognitive realisation and awareness of symptoms.
Each participant is assigned a practitioner who acts as contact person and 'lifeline'. Furthermore, a coordinator is assigned in ManuVision who will also act as contact person when needed for the veterans. This provides peace of mind, trust, and ensures retention. The coordinator or the practitioner follows up on the veteran's progress prior to each session.
arm group label: Body Therapy
other name: ManuVision
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Treatment as usual
description: Standard treatment
arm group label: Treatment As usual
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Nanna Ahlmark, PhD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark
last name: Nanna Ahlmark, PhD
phone: +4565 50 78 15
email: naah@niph.dk
last name: Susan Andersen, PhD
phone: +4565507816
email: sua@niph.dk
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
country: Denmark
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: University of Southern Denmark
investigator full name: Susan Andersen
investigator title: Principal investigator
mesh term: Stress Disorders, Traumatic
mesh term: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
mesh term: Behavioral Symptoms
mesh term: Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders
sharing ipd: Undecided