<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03294395</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>NABOGO</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03294395</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>New AntiBiotic Treatment Options for Uncomplicated Anogenital GOnorrhoea</brief_title>
  <acronym>NABOGO</acronym>
  <official_title>New Antibiotic Treatment Options for Uncomplicated Anogenital Gonorrhoea Infections - a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Public Health Service of Amsterdam</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Public Health Service of Amsterdam</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      This study evaluates the efficacy of three experimental antibiotics in the treatment of&#xD;
      uncomplicated anogenital gonorrhoea. Participants will be randomized to one of four study&#xD;
      arms and will receive either one of the three experimental antibiotics (ertapenem, fosfomycin&#xD;
      and gentamicin) or the current standard antibiotic (ceftriaxone). Both the study team and the&#xD;
      participant are blinded to the administered treatment. This enables the investigators to&#xD;
      compare the eradication capacity and safety of the experimental antibiotics with the standard&#xD;
      treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
      *Following the advise of the DSMB based on a planned interim analysis, in October 2018 one&#xD;
      study arm (fosfomycin 6g PO) was dropped and the randomized clinical trial was continued with&#xD;
      three treatment arms (ceftriaxone 500mg IM, ertapenem 1000mg IM and gentamicin 5mg/kg IM) and&#xD;
      without the oral placebo.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to extended spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) among Neisseria&#xD;
      gonorrhoeae (Ng) is a major public health concern. With no alternative antimicrobial&#xD;
      treatment options for gonorrhoea and only a few new drugs in the development pipeline, it is&#xD;
      important to test existing antibiotics for their efficacy in gonorrhoea treatment. This&#xD;
      project aims to identify new treatment modalities for uncomplicated gonorrhoea using the&#xD;
      registered drugs ertapenem, fosfomycin and gentamicin. This trial is a double blind&#xD;
      randomized clinical non-inferiority trial with four treatment arms. 108 participants are&#xD;
      randomly assigned to each study arm . Participants will receive either ceftriaxone 500mg&#xD;
      intramuscularly (IM) or ertapenem 1000mg IM or gentamicin 5mg/kg IM with a maximum of 400mg&#xD;
      (in two doses) supplemented with an oral placebo, or receive fosfomycin 6g oral suspension&#xD;
      supplemented with an intramuscular placebo. The bacterial eradication capacity of the study&#xD;
      antimicrobials at the included infection site is measured 7-14 days after treatment, using an&#xD;
      RNA-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT).&#xD;
&#xD;
      *Following the advise of the DSMB based on a planned interim analysis, in October 2018 one&#xD;
      study arm (fosfomycin 6g PO) was dropped and the randomized clinical trial was continued with&#xD;
      three treatment arms (ceftriaxone 500mg IM, ertapenem 1000mg IM and gentamicin 5mg/kg IM) and&#xD;
      without the oral placebo.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 18, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">June 5, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">June 5, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 3</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>A double-blind randomized clinical trial with non-inferiority design&#xD;
*since October 2018 one study arm (fosfomycin) has been dropped. In a subset of these participants the plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin is measured.&#xD;
An open-label randomized substudy evaluating the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone ertapenem and fosfomycin in 60 healthy volunteers (this number is in addition to the 346 NABOGO participants with gonorrhea)</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    <masking_description>All participants receive either intramuscular treatment and if applicable intramuscular placebo. Both particpant and care provider are blind to the regimen.</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm for the included anatomic infection</measure>
    <time_frame>7-14 days after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm using a molecular test (Nucleic acid amplification test, NAAT). Treatment succes is defined as a negative test of cure (NAAT) 7-14 days after treatment.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm at all anatomical infection sites</measure>
    <time_frame>7-28 days after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm using a molecular test (Nucleic acid amplification test, NAAT). Treatment succes is defined as a negative test of cure (NAAT) 7-28 days after treatment.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events</measure>
    <time_frame>until 30 days after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>The incidence, type and severity of treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0 will be measured.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Antimicrobial susceptibility of Ng-strains to study antibiotics</measure>
    <time_frame>Day 0 (before treatment) - 28 (after treatment)</time_frame>
    <description>The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility (in MIC) of the experimental and reference treatment will be measured in all Ng strains collected at all infected anatomical sites of each participant at inclusion and in case of a positive test of cure.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Blood plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin in a subset of 60 NABOGO participants</measure>
    <time_frame>within 24 hours after treatment administration</time_frame>
    <description>The blood plasma concentration will be measured 1 times within the first 24 hours after treatment administration. With these measurements the investigators will estimate the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Duration of symptoms after treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>1-30 days after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>All participants are asked to report their symptoms daily in a diary, this will be evaluated at the follow-up visit (7-14 days after treatment) and at the online evaluation questionnaire (30 days after treatment). The mean duration of all symptoms after treatment will be measured for all study antibiotics.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Clinical and demographic predictors for treatment failure</measure>
    <time_frame>until 7-14 days after treatment</time_frame>
    <description>The investigators will measure if demographic (e.g. gender, HIV status) and clinical factors (e.g. anatomical location, duration of symptoms before treatment) are associated with treatment failure (treatment failure is defined as any case in which the participant received escape medication).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Blood plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and fosfomycin in 60 healthy volunteers</measure>
    <time_frame>24 hours</time_frame>
    <description>Healthy volunteers will be randomly assigned to one of the three antibiotics. After administration of the antibiotic, the blood plasma concentration will be measured 4 times within the first 24 hours. With these measurements the investigators will estimate the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and fosfomycin.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>4</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">346</enrollment>
  <condition>Gonorrhea</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Ceftriaxone im</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Current standard treatment. Ceftriaxone 500mg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Ertapenem im</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Ertapenem 1000mg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Fosfomycin po</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Fosfomycin oral suspension 6g (single oral dose) + placebo (single intramuscular dose)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Gentamicin im</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Gentamicin sulfate, injectable 5mg/kg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Ertapenem 1000 MG</intervention_name>
    <description>single dose 1000mg intramuscular injection</description>
    <arm_group_label>Ertapenem im</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Invanz</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Fosfomycin Oral Suspension</intervention_name>
    <description>single dose 6g oral suspension</description>
    <arm_group_label>Fosfomycin po</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Monuril</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Gentamicin Sulfate, Injectable</intervention_name>
    <description>single dose 5mg/kg (maximum 400mg) intramuscular injection</description>
    <arm_group_label>Gentamicin im</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>no other names</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Ceftriaxone</intervention_name>
    <description>single dose 500mg intramuscular injection</description>
    <arm_group_label>Ceftriaxone im</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>no other names</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion criteria main study&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  18 years or older&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Anorectal, cervical/vaginal or urethral Ng infection, diagnosed by the following:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Ng-positive Gram-stained smear (intracellular Gram-negative diplococci and&#xD;
                  leukocytes) and/or&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Positive for Ng by nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) (Aptima Combo 2) and/or&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Positive for Ng by culture&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Provide samples from the included infection site for NAAT and direct culture&#xD;
             immediately before treatment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Willing to abstain from anal, vaginal and oral sex until the test of cure (TOC)-visit,&#xD;
             or use condoms during sex&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Willing and able to return for a TOC-visit 7-14 days after treatment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Provide informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Accept intramuscular injections&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion criteria main study&#xD;
&#xD;
        Pre-randomisation:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Suspicion of a complicated Ng infection based on signs and/or symptoms indicating&#xD;
             pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), epididymitis, prostatitis or gonococcal arthritis*&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Another (sexually transmitted) infection or a suspicion of another infection for which&#xD;
             systemic antimicrobial therapy is indicated&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnancy, having a wish to become pregnant or breastfeeding (tested at inclusion&#xD;
             visit)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Not able to read/understand Dutch or English&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  HIV infection if:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Newly diagnosed HIV infection (upon the inclusion visit) and/or&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  CD4+ cell-count &lt;200 cells/μL (as reported by the patient)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known allergy or adverse reactions to ceftriaxone, ertapenemor gentamicin&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known renal impairment (based on estimated GFR using Cockroft and Gault formula using&#xD;
             serum creatinin measured with a point-of-care (POC) test; cut off value renal&#xD;
             impairment eGFR ≤ 50 ml/min)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known liver cirrhosis (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known congestive heart failure (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known myasthenia gravis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known hearing loss or balance disorder, confirmed by an ear-nose-throat (ENT)-doctor&#xD;
             or for which an ENT doctor has been consulted and a diagnostic process is still in&#xD;
             progress (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Concurrent use of any of the following medication:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  systemic antibacterial antimicrobials other than nitrofurantoin or metronidazole&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  systemic immunosuppressive drugs&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  systemic valproic acid&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Use of any antimicrobial therapy other than nitrofurantoin or metronidazole in the two&#xD;
             weeks prior to study enrollment (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Previous enrollment in the study&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Concurrent participation in other non-observational medical research*&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Unlikely to adhere to the study protocol&#xD;
&#xD;
        Post-randomisation:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion of participants from the modified intention to treat analysis (mITT):&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Negative result of Ng NAAT of sample collected on T0 (the day of treatment). This&#xD;
             could be the case in the following situations:&#xD;
&#xD;
               1. Negative NAAT in spite of positive gram stain.&#xD;
&#xD;
               2. Positive NAAT on pre-study visit but spontaneous clearance of the infection in&#xD;
                  the time period between first test and return visit for treatment (=study&#xD;
                  inclusion visit). A novel sample for NAAT will be collected on the study&#xD;
                  inclusion visit just before administration of treatment; if these results are&#xD;
                  Ng-negative a participant will be excluded of mITT.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Loss to follow-up, i.e. no study visit TOC 7-14 days after treatment administration.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion from per protocol analysis (PP):&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Exclusion of mITT&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Use of non-study related antibiotics after inclusion and prior to TOC visit&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Condomless sexual contact with the primary anatomical gonorrhea site involved after&#xD;
             inclusion and prior to TOC visit&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Other protocol violations&#xD;
&#xD;
        Inclusion criteria PK substudy (healthy volunteers):&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  18 years or older&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Provide informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion criteria PK substudy (healthy volunteers)&#xD;
&#xD;
        Pre-randomisation:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnancy, having a wish to become pregnant or breastfeeding (tested at inclusion&#xD;
             visit)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Not able to read/understand Dutch or English&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known allergy or adverse reactions to ceftriaxone, ertapenem, or fosfomycin.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known renal impairment (based on estimated GFR using Cockroft and Gault formula using&#xD;
             serum creatinin measured with a point-of-care (POC) test; cut off value renal&#xD;
             impairment eGFR ≤ 50 ml/min)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known liver cirrhosis (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Concurrent use of any of the following medication:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  systemic valproic acid&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  systemic metoclopramide&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Use of any systemic antimicrobial therapy other than nitrofurantoin or metronidazole&#xD;
             in the two weeks prior to study enrollment (based on history)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Concurrent participation in other non-observational medical research (apart from&#xD;
             NABOGO RCT)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Unlikely to adhere to the study&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Henry JC de Vries, PhD, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Public Health Service of Amsterdam</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Public Health Service</name>
      <address>
        <city>Amsterdam</city>
        <state>Noord Holland</state>
        <zip>1018WT</zip>
        <country>Netherlands</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Netherlands</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>July 2021</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>September 18, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>September 22, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">September 27, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 30, 2021</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 30, 2021</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 6, 2021</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Public Health Service of Amsterdam</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Henry J.C. de Vries</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Professor MD, PhD</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Antimicrobial resistance</keyword>
  <keyword>Antibiotics</keyword>
  <keyword>Fosfomycin</keyword>
  <keyword>Ertapenem</keyword>
  <keyword>Gentamicin</keyword>
  <keyword>Neisseria Gonorrhoeae</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Gonorrhea</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Gentamicins</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Ceftriaxone</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Ertapenem</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Fosfomycin</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <provided_document_section>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan: Initial version</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>Yes</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>Yes</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>May 10, 2017</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/95/NCT03294395/Prot_SAP_000.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan: Last Amended version</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>Yes</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>Yes</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>March 18, 2019</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/95/NCT03294395/Prot_SAP_001.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
  </provided_document_section>
  <pending_results>
    <submitted>July 27, 2022</submitted>
    <returned>June 2, 2023</returned>
    <submitted>July 10, 2023</submitted>
  </pending_results>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03294395
org study id: NABOGO
nct id: NCT03294395
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
This study evaluates the efficacy of three experimental antibiotics in the treatment of
      uncomplicated anogenital gonorrhoea. Participants will be randomized to one of four study
      arms and will receive either one of the three experimental antibiotics (ertapenem, fosfomycin
      and gentamicin) or the current standard antibiotic (ceftriaxone). Both the study team and the
      participant are blinded to the administered treatment. This enables the investigators to
      compare the eradication capacity and safety of the experimental antibiotics with the standard
      treatment.

      *Following the advise of the DSMB based on a planned interim analysis, in October 2018 one
      study arm (fosfomycin 6g PO) was dropped and the randomized clinical trial was continued with
      three treatment arms (ceftriaxone 500mg IM, ertapenem 1000mg IM and gentamicin 5mg/kg IM) and
      without the oral placebo.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to extended spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) among Neisseria
      gonorrhoeae (Ng) is a major public health concern. With no alternative antimicrobial
      treatment options for gonorrhoea and only a few new drugs in the development pipeline, it is
      important to test existing antibiotics for their efficacy in gonorrhoea treatment. This
      project aims to identify new treatment modalities for uncomplicated gonorrhoea using the
      registered drugs ertapenem, fosfomycin and gentamicin. This trial is a double blind
      randomized clinical non-inferiority trial with four treatment arms. 108 participants are
      randomly assigned to each study arm . Participants will receive either ceftriaxone 500mg
      intramuscularly (IM) or ertapenem 1000mg IM or gentamicin 5mg/kg IM with a maximum of 400mg
      (in two doses) supplemented with an oral placebo, or receive fosfomycin 6g oral suspension
      supplemented with an intramuscular placebo. The bacterial eradication capacity of the study
      antimicrobials at the included infection site is measured 7-14 days after treatment, using an
      RNA-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT).

      *Following the advise of the DSMB based on a planned interim analysis, in October 2018 one
      study arm (fosfomycin 6g PO) was dropped and the randomized clinical trial was continued with
      three treatment arms (ceftriaxone 500mg IM, ertapenem 1000mg IM and gentamicin 5mg/kg IM) and
      without the oral placebo.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: A double-blind randomized clinical trial with non-inferiority design
*since October 2018 one study arm (fosfomycin) has been dropped. In a subset of these participants the plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin is measured.
An open-label randomized substudy evaluating the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone ertapenem and fosfomycin in 60 healthy volunteers (this number is in addition to the 346 NABOGO participants with gonorrhea)
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
masking description: All participants receive either intramuscular treatment and if applicable intramuscular placebo. Both particpant and care provider are blind to the regimen.
measure: Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm for the included anatomic infection
time frame: 7-14 days after treatment
description: Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm using a molecular test (Nucleic acid amplification test, NAAT). Treatment succes is defined as a negative test of cure (NAAT) 7-14 days after treatment.
measure: Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm at all anatomical infection sites
time frame: 7-28 days after treatment
description: Proportion of participants with treatment success in each study arm using a molecular test (Nucleic acid amplification test, NAAT). Treatment succes is defined as a negative test of cure (NAAT) 7-28 days after treatment.
measure: Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events
time frame: until 30 days after treatment
description: The incidence, type and severity of treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0 will be measured.
measure: Antimicrobial susceptibility of Ng-strains to study antibiotics
time frame: Day 0 (before treatment) - 28 (after treatment)
description: The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility (in MIC) of the experimental and reference treatment will be measured in all Ng strains collected at all infected anatomical sites of each participant at inclusion and in case of a positive test of cure.
measure: Blood plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin in a subset of 60 NABOGO participants
time frame: within 24 hours after treatment administration
description: The blood plasma concentration will be measured 1 times within the first 24 hours after treatment administration. With these measurements the investigators will estimate the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and gentamicin.
measure: Duration of symptoms after treatment
time frame: 1-30 days after treatment
description: All participants are asked to report their symptoms daily in a diary, this will be evaluated at the follow-up visit (7-14 days after treatment) and at the online evaluation questionnaire (30 days after treatment). The mean duration of all symptoms after treatment will be measured for all study antibiotics.
measure: Clinical and demographic predictors for treatment failure
time frame: until 7-14 days after treatment
description: The investigators will measure if demographic (e.g. gender, HIV status) and clinical factors (e.g. anatomical location, duration of symptoms before treatment) are associated with treatment failure (treatment failure is defined as any case in which the participant received escape medication).
measure: Blood plasma concentration of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and fosfomycin in 60 healthy volunteers
time frame: 24 hours
description: Healthy volunteers will be randomly assigned to one of the three antibiotics. After administration of the antibiotic, the blood plasma concentration will be measured 4 times within the first 24 hours. With these measurements the investigators will estimate the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone, ertapenem and fosfomycin.
arm group label: Ceftriaxone im
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Current standard treatment. Ceftriaxone 500mg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)
arm group label: Ertapenem im
arm group type: Experimental
description: Ertapenem 1000mg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)
arm group label: Fosfomycin po
arm group type: Experimental
description: Fosfomycin oral suspension 6g (single oral dose) + placebo (single intramuscular dose)
arm group label: Gentamicin im
arm group type: Experimental
description: Gentamicin sulfate, injectable 5mg/kg (single intramuscular dose) + placebo (single oral dose)
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Ertapenem 1000 MG
description: single dose 1000mg intramuscular injection
arm group label: Ertapenem im
other name: Invanz
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Fosfomycin Oral Suspension
description: single dose 6g oral suspension
arm group label: Fosfomycin po
other name: Monuril
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Gentamicin Sulfate, Injectable
description: single dose 5mg/kg (maximum 400mg) intramuscular injection
arm group label: Gentamicin im
other name: no other names
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Ceftriaxone
description: single dose 500mg intramuscular injection
arm group label: Ceftriaxone im
other name: no other names
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Henry JC de Vries, PhD, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Public Health Service of Amsterdam
facility: 
country: Netherlands
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Public Health Service of Amsterdam
investigator full name: Henry J.C. de Vries
investigator title: Professor MD, PhD
mesh term: Gonorrhea
mesh term: Gentamicins
mesh term: Ceftriaxone
mesh term: Ertapenem
mesh term: Fosfomycin
sharing ipd: Undecided
provided document: 
provided document: 
submitted: July 27, 2022
returned: June 2, 2023
submitted: July 10, 2023