<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03306901</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>2017-04-074</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03306901</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Chemoradiotherapy Versus Esophagectomy After Endoscopic Resection for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma</brief_title>
  <acronym>ASSURE</acronym>
  <official_title>A Randomized Multicenter Noninferiority Trial Comparing Chemoradiotherapy Versus Esophagectomy After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ASSURE)</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Samsung Medical Center</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Korea</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Samsung Medical Center</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      This is a randomized noninferiority multicenter trial. Patients will be stratified according&#xD;
      to the participating hospital. Patients will be randomized to one of the treatment arms.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Arm A: Patients will receive surgical resection, including Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or&#xD;
      McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Arm B: Patients will receive 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin-based chemotherapy&#xD;
      concurrently with radiotherapy. Patients will receive cisplatin (45~60mg/m2) intravenously&#xD;
      over 1 hour on day 1 and receive 5-FU (3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2) intravenously for 4 to 5 days.&#xD;
      Treatment will repeat every 3 weeks for 2 courses. Patients will receive a total of 45 Gy&#xD;
      irradiation (5 days a week for 5 weeks).&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patients will be followed at 3 and 6 months after randomization, then every 6 months for&#xD;
      following 2 and half years (up to 3 years after randomization), and 4 and 5 years after&#xD;
      randomization. After 5 years, annual follow-up is scheduled up to 10 years after&#xD;
      randomization.&#xD;
&#xD;
      We will analyze the results primarily with the intention-to-treatment(ITT) analysis, and then&#xD;
      secondarily with the per-protocol(PP) analysis as well.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      -  Compare 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, 6-year, 7-year, 8-year, 9-year, 10-year overall&#xD;
           survival between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy among patients who&#xD;
           require additional treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma endoscopically&#xD;
           resected but found to have pT1b (submucosal invasion) or lymphovascular invasion&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Compare 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, 6-year, 7-year, 8-year, 9-year, 10-year&#xD;
           disease-free survival between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in the same&#xD;
           study population&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Compare quality of life between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in the&#xD;
           same study population&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Compare treatment-related adverse event between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and&#xD;
           esophagectomy in the same study population&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">October 20, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 31, 2033</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">December 31, 2023</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
    <masking_description>Outcome assessors and data analysists will be blinded</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>3-year overall survival</measure>
    <time_frame>3 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>defined as the time from randomization to the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Overall survival</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year, 2 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 60 months)</time_frame>
    <description>defined as the time from randomization to the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Disease-free survival</measure>
    <time_frame>1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 60 months)</time_frame>
    <description>defined as the time from randomization to the first recurrence or the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Cancer patient-specific)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by EORTC QLQ C-30</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Esophageal cancer-specific symptom)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by EORTC QLQ EOS-18</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Gastrointestinal symptom)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by GSRS</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Depression)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by PHQ-9</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Sleep disorder)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by PSQI</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Quality of life (Fatigue)</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by BFI</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Treatment-related complications or adverse events</measure>
    <time_frame>from treatment to the date of death from any cause or last follow-up (will be assessed up to 60 months)</time_frame>
    <description>assessed by NCI CTCAE ver 4.0</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">240</enrollment>
  <condition>Esophageal Cancer</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Patients receive 2 courses (every 3 weeks) of chemotherapy including cisplatin (45-60mg/m2) intravenously over 1 hour on day 1 and 5-fluorouracil (3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2) intravenously for 4 to 5 days.&#xD;
Patients receive a total of 45 Gy radiation therapy (5 days a week for 5 weeks).</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Esophagectomy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Patients receive surgical resection, including Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Esophagectomy</intervention_name>
    <description>Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy</description>
    <arm_group_label>Esophagectomy</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>5-fluorouracil</intervention_name>
    <description>3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2 intravenously for 4 to 5 days.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>5-FU</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Cisplatin</intervention_name>
    <description>45~60mg intravenously over 1 hour on day 1</description>
    <arm_group_label>Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Radiation</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Radiation therapy</intervention_name>
    <description>45 Gy irradiation (5 days a week for 5 weeks)</description>
    <arm_group_label>Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Age ≥ 19 years and &lt; 80 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Clinical stage as cT1N0M0 (AJCC/UICC 7th Edition) according to upper GI endoscopy or&#xD;
             endoscopic ultrasound and chest computed tomography (CT) scans&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Pathologic examination after endoscopic submucosal dissection confirmed the presence&#xD;
             of submucosal invasion (pathologic T1b) or lymphovascular invasion&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. For participants with multiple lesions, all of them should be resected with endoscopic&#xD;
             submucosal dissection and at least one lesion should have pathologic submucosal&#xD;
             invasion (pT1b) or lymphovascular invasion&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Participants has adequate hematologic function, as evidenced by an absolute neutrophil&#xD;
             count (ANC) ≥1000/µL, hemoglobin ≥8 g/dL, and platelets ≥85,000/µL&#xD;
&#xD;
          7. Participants has adequate hepatic and renal function as defined by aspartate&#xD;
             transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 times the upper limit of&#xD;
             normal ; a total bilirubin ≤1.5 times the upper limit of normal ; creatinine clearance&#xD;
             ≥ 30mL/min/1.73m2&#xD;
&#xD;
          8. Participants should agree to participate in the study and sign the informed consent&#xD;
             form&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Cervical esophageal cancer (proximal to 20cm from incisor teeth)&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Regional lymph node metastasis (cN+) or distant metastasis (cM1) are suspected or&#xD;
             confirmed on chest CT scans or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scans (Equivocal&#xD;
             results will be regarded as no metastasis. However, it can also perform a biopsy if&#xD;
             necessary (optional))&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. Recurrent esophageal cancer&#xD;
&#xD;
          4. Uncontrolled systemic disease which makes participants medically unfit for additional&#xD;
             treatment (esophagectomy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy) such as congestive heart&#xD;
             failure, interstitial lung disease, severe pulmonary emphysema or chronic renal&#xD;
             failure&#xD;
&#xD;
          5. Gastric conduit is not available for esophageal reconstruction (ex.: previous history&#xD;
             of gastrectomy)&#xD;
&#xD;
          6. Synchronous or metachronous multiple cancers (within the past 3 years) with the&#xD;
             exclusion of skin cancer, well differentiated thyroid cancer, carcinoma in situ, early&#xD;
             cancer achieving curative endoscopic resection, or low grade prostate cancer (Gleason&#xD;
             Score≤6)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>19 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>79 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Hong Kwan Kim, MD, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Samsung Medical Center</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Hong Kwan Kim, MD, PhD</last_name>
    <phone>+82-2-3410-1687</phone>
    <email>hkts.kim@samsung.com</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>Genehee Lee, APN, MSN</last_name>
    <phone>+82-2-3410-1062</phone>
    <email>genehee.lee@samsung.com</email>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National Cancer Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Goyang-si</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Jong Mog Lee, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>jongmog@ncc.re.kr</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Pusan National University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Pusan</city>
        <zip>06351</zip>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Hoseok I, MD,PhD</last_name>
      <email>ihoseok@hotmail.com</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Seoul National University Bundang Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seongnam</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Kwhan-Mien Kim, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>kmkim0070@snubh.org</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Asan Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Hwoon-Yong Jung, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>hyjung@amc.seoul.kr</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Gangnam Severance Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Sungsoo Lee, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>chestlee@yuhs.ac</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Korea University Guro Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Hyun Koo Kim, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>kimhyunkoo@korea.ac.kr</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Samsung Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Hong Kwan Kim, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>hkts.kim@samsung.com</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Seoul National University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Chang Hyun Kang, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>chkang@snu.ac.kr</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Seoul St. Mary's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Seoul</city>
        <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Jae Myung Park, MD, PhD</last_name>
      <email>parkjerry@catholic.ac.kr</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Korea, Republic of</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>January 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>September 30, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>October 5, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">October 11, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>January 16, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>January 16, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">January 18, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Samsung Medical Center</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Hong Kwan Kim</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Chief of Department of General Thoracic Surgery</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Fluorouracil</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03306901
org study id: 2017-04-074
nct id: NCT03306901
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
This is a randomized noninferiority multicenter trial. Patients will be stratified according
      to the participating hospital. Patients will be randomized to one of the treatment arms.

      Arm A: Patients will receive surgical resection, including Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or
      McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy.

      Arm B: Patients will receive 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin-based chemotherapy
      concurrently with radiotherapy. Patients will receive cisplatin (45~60mg/m2) intravenously
      over 1 hour on day 1 and receive 5-FU (3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2) intravenously for 4 to 5 days.
      Treatment will repeat every 3 weeks for 2 courses. Patients will receive a total of 45 Gy
      irradiation (5 days a week for 5 weeks).

      Patients will be followed at 3 and 6 months after randomization, then every 6 months for
      following 2 and half years (up to 3 years after randomization), and 4 and 5 years after
      randomization. After 5 years, annual follow-up is scheduled up to 10 years after
      randomization.

      We will analyze the results primarily with the intention-to-treatment(ITT) analysis, and then
      secondarily with the per-protocol(PP) analysis as well.
-  Compare 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, 6-year, 7-year, 8-year, 9-year, 10-year overall
           survival between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy among patients who
           require additional treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma endoscopically
           resected but found to have pT1b (submucosal invasion) or lymphovascular invasion

        -  Compare 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, 6-year, 7-year, 8-year, 9-year, 10-year
           disease-free survival between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in the same
           study population

        -  Compare quality of life between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in the
           same study population

        -  Compare treatment-related adverse event between concurrent chemoradiotherapy and
           esophagectomy in the same study population
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
masking description: Outcome assessors and data analysists will be blinded
measure: 3-year overall survival
time frame: 3 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: defined as the time from randomization to the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up
measure: Overall survival
time frame: 1 year, 2 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 60 months)
description: defined as the time from randomization to the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up
measure: Disease-free survival
time frame: 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, 6 years, 7 years, 8 years, 9 years, 10 years from the randomization (will be assessed up to 60 months)
description: defined as the time from randomization to the first recurrence or the date of death from any cause or the last follow-up
measure: Quality of life (Cancer patient-specific)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by EORTC QLQ C-30
measure: Quality of life (Esophageal cancer-specific symptom)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by EORTC QLQ EOS-18
measure: Quality of life (Gastrointestinal symptom)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by GSRS
measure: Quality of life (Depression)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by PHQ-9
measure: Quality of life (Sleep disorder)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by PSQI
measure: Quality of life (Fatigue)
time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years from treatment (will be assessed up to 36 months)
description: assessed by BFI
measure: Treatment-related complications or adverse events
time frame: from treatment to the date of death from any cause or last follow-up (will be assessed up to 60 months)
description: assessed by NCI CTCAE ver 4.0
arm group label: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
arm group type: Experimental
description: Patients receive 2 courses (every 3 weeks) of chemotherapy including cisplatin (45-60mg/m2) intravenously over 1 hour on day 1 and 5-fluorouracil (3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2) intravenously for 4 to 5 days.
Patients receive a total of 45 Gy radiation therapy (5 days a week for 5 weeks).
arm group label: Esophagectomy
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Patients receive surgical resection, including Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy.
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Esophagectomy
description: Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or McKeown esophagectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy
arm group label: Esophagectomy
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: 5-fluorouracil
description: 3,200 ~ 4,000mg/m2 intravenously for 4 to 5 days.
arm group label: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
other name: 5-FU
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Cisplatin
description: 45~60mg intravenously over 1 hour on day 1
arm group label: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
intervention type: Radiation
intervention name: Radiation therapy
description: 45 Gy irradiation (5 days a week for 5 weeks)
arm group label: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 19 Years
maximum age: 79 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Hong Kwan Kim, MD, PhD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Samsung Medical Center
last name: Hong Kwan Kim, MD, PhD
phone: +82-2-3410-1687
email: hkts.kim@samsung.com
last name: Genehee Lee, APN, MSN
phone: +82-2-3410-1062
email: genehee.lee@samsung.com
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
country: Korea, Republic of
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Samsung Medical Center
investigator full name: Hong Kwan Kim
investigator title: Chief of Department of General Thoracic Surgery
mesh term: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
mesh term: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
mesh term: Fluorouracil