<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03250312</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>IRB #170804-001</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03250312</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>The Effects of OMT on the Expression Patterns of Immune Cell Biomarkers</brief_title>
  <official_title>The Effects of Osteopathic Manipulations on the Expression Patterns of Immune Cell Biomarkers</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>A.T. Still University of Health Sciences</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>A.T. Still University of Health Sciences</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      This study intends to understand the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on&#xD;
      the expression patterns of 60 immune cell biomarkers in the peripheral blood mononuclear&#xD;
      cells (PBMC) of each participant, before and after intervention - OMT or seated control. This&#xD;
      study will utilize participants with a history of low back pain (LBP), and will identify and&#xD;
      validate those immune cell biomarkers that change in most participants after OMT, by using&#xD;
      the novel protein subcellular localization (PSL) microarray technology. This study intends to&#xD;
      uncover the important immune cells affected by OMT techniques, therefore to uncover the&#xD;
      molecular mechanisms of OMT.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      The study will be conducted over the course of one year. Forty men and women ages 20 to 55&#xD;
      years with at least one or more episodes of LBP in the past two weeks will be randomly&#xD;
      assigned into one of two groups - control or OMT groups. Twenty participants will be assigned&#xD;
      to each group. The study will begin recruitment in September 2017. Participants will be&#xD;
      recruited from the surrounding Kirksville area. Individuals who cannot tolerate OMT or have&#xD;
      coagulation disorders will be excluded. Potential participants will be excluded from the&#xD;
      study if they have had nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication in the 48 hours prior to the&#xD;
      study or if they have had corticosteroids in the 2 weeks prior to the study.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, control or OMT using a random number&#xD;
      generator. Males and females will be randomized separately to ensure equal distribution into&#xD;
      the two study groups. Demographics including sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) will be&#xD;
      collected on all participants. All participants will receive two blood draws,with 8 ml each&#xD;
      draw: first blood draw immediately prior to intervention and second blood draw following the&#xD;
      intervention.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The OMT treatment will begin with a brief physical examination to identify somatic&#xD;
      dysfunction that the treating physician judges to be relevant to the individual participant's&#xD;
      low back pain. OMT will be performed to improve the somatic dysfunctions that the treating&#xD;
      physicians finds most relevant. The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy,&#xD;
      articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and&#xD;
      will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still,&#xD;
      counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial&#xD;
      techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will&#xD;
      conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping technique. The total treatment time will&#xD;
      not to exceed 20 minutes.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The control group will wait in another room for approximately 30 minutes. To encourage&#xD;
      participation in the proposed study, participants who are assigned to the control group will&#xD;
      have an opportunity to receive OMT after the second blood draw.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators shall determine the expression patterns of 60 immune cell biomarkers in&#xD;
      human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the study participants, and determine the&#xD;
      ratio change of those 60 biomarkers, after the OMT treatment. The investigators shall compare&#xD;
      the effects of OMT treatment on the ratio change of those 60 biomarkers, with those in the&#xD;
      control group.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Terminated</overall_status>
  <why_stopped>
    Study Partner Left. Samples degraded before analysis.&#xD;
  </why_stopped>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 13, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">August 31, 2019</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">November 15, 2017</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, control or OMT using a random number generator. Males and females will be randomized separately to ensure equal distribution into the two study groups.</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Basic Science</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Investigator)</masking>
    <masking_description>The investigators who determine the expression profile of the 60 immune cell biomarkers would not know which group does each sample belong to</masking_description>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>The effects of OMT on the amounts of immune cell biomarkers</measure>
    <time_frame>immediate after the 20 minutes OMT treatment</time_frame>
    <description>Measure the ratio change of immune cell biomarkers in the PBMC cell of Low back pain patients after the OMT treatment</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">40</enrollment>
  <condition>Osteopathic Manipulation</condition>
  <condition>Low Back Pain</condition>
  <condition>Biomarkers</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>The OMT group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>This group will be treated by the osteopathic manipulation techniques (OMT). The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy, articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still, counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping. The total treatment time will not to exceed 20 minutes.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>The control group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>The control group will wait in another room for approximately 30 minutes.&#xD;
To encourage participation in the proposed study, participants who are assigned to the control group will have an opportunity to receive OMT after the second blood draw</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>The Osteopathic Manipulation</intervention_name>
    <description>The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy, articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still, counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping</description>
    <arm_group_label>The OMT group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  experienced at least one or more episodes of LBP in the past two weeks&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  BMI (body mass index) &lt; 30 kg/m2&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  be able to lie on my back for 30 minutes&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  be able to tolerate OMT&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have spinal manipulation in the 48 hours prior to the study date&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have corticosteroids in the 2 weeks prior to the study date&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication in the 48 hours prior to the study data&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have spinal surgery in the lumbar or low thoracic spine&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Have congenital deformities of the lumbar spine such as spina bifida&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>20 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>55 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Karen Snider, D. O.</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>A.T. Still University of Health Sciences</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>A. T. Still University of Health Sciences</name>
      <address>
        <city>Kirksville</city>
        <state>Missouri</state>
        <zip>63501</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kuchera ML. Lymphatics approach. In: Chila AG, ed. Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins; 2011:786-808.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Castlio Y, Ferris-Swift L. Effects of splenic stimulation in normal individuals on the active and differential blood cell counts and the opsonotic index. Kansas City Coll Osteopath Surg 1932;16:10-6</citation>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Castlio Y, Ferris-Swift L. The effect of direct splenic stimulation on the cells and antibody content of the bloodstream in acute infectious disease. Kansas City Coll Osteopath Surg 1934;18:196-211</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lane MA. On increasing the antibody content of the serum by manipulation of the spleen. J of Osteopath 1920;27:361-4</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Mesina J, Hampton D, Evans R, Ziegler T, Mikeska C, Thomas K, Ferretti J. Transient basophilia following the application of lymphatic pump techniques: a pilot study. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1998 Feb;98(2):91-4.</citation>
    <PMID>9509835</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dons'koi BV, Chernyshov VP, Osypchuk DV, Baksheev SM. Repeated cupping manipulation temporary decreases natural killer lymphocyte frequency, activity and cytotoxicity. J Integr Med. 2016 May;14(3):197-202. doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(16)60250-9.</citation>
    <PMID>27181126</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Walkowski S, Singh M, Puertas J, Pate M, Goodrum K, Benencia F. Osteopathic manipulative therapy induces early plasma cytokine release and mobilization of a population of blood dendritic cells. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 10;9(3):e90132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090132. eCollection 2014.</citation>
    <PMID>24614605</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Licciardone JC, Kearns CM. Somatic dysfunction and its association with chronic low back pain, back-specific functioning, and general health: results from the OSTEOPATHIC Trial. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2012 Jul;112(7):420-8.</citation>
    <PMID>22802542</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Knott EM, Tune JD, Stoll ST, Downey HF. Increased lymphatic flow in the thoracic duct during manipulative intervention. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2005 Oct;105(10):447-56.</citation>
    <PMID>16314677</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hodge LM, King HH, Williams AG Jr, Reder SJ, Belavadi T, Simecka JW, Stoll ST, Downey HF. Abdominal lymphatic pump treatment increases leukocyte count and flux in thoracic duct lymph. Lymphat Res Biol. 2007;5(2):127-33. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2007.1001.</citation>
    <PMID>17935480</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Hodge LM, Bearden MK, Schander A, Huff JB, Williams A Jr, King HH, Downey HF. Lymphatic pump treatment mobilizes leukocytes from the gut associated lymphoid tissue into lymph. Lymphat Res Biol. 2010 Jun;8(2):103-10. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2009.0011.</citation>
    <PMID>20583872</PMID>
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    <citation>Schander A, Downey HF, Hodge LM. Lymphatic pump manipulation mobilizes inflammatory mediators into lymphatic circulation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2012 Jan;237(1):58-63. doi: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011220. Epub 2011 Dec 14.</citation>
    <PMID>22169162</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schander A, Padro D, King HH, Downey HF, Hodge LM. Lymphatic pump treatment repeatedly enhances the lymphatic and immune systems. Lymphat Res Biol. 2013 Dec;11(4):219-26. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2012.0021.</citation>
    <PMID>24364845</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Major B, Rattazzi L, Brod S, Pilipovic I, Leposavic G, D'Acquisto F. Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice. Sci Rep. 2015 Jun 5;5:10913. doi: 10.1038/srep10913.</citation>
    <PMID>26046935</PMID>
  </reference>
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    <citation>Hernandez-Reif M, Field T, Ironson G, Beutler J, Vera Y, Hurley J, Fletcher MA, Schanberg S, Kuhn C, Fraser M. Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Apr;115(4):495-510. doi: 10.1080/00207450590523080.</citation>
    <PMID>15809216</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ang JY, Lua JL, Mathur A, Thomas R, Asmar BI, Savasan S, Buck S, Long M, Shankaran S. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of massage therapy on the immune system of preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2012 Dec;130(6):e1549-58. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0196. Epub 2012 Nov 12.</citation>
    <PMID>23147978</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Teodorczyk-Injeyan JA, Injeyan HS, McGregor M, Harris GM, Ruegg R. Enhancement of in vitro interleukin-2 production in normal subjects following a single spinal manipulative treatment. Chiropr Osteopat. 2008 May 28;16:5. doi: 10.1186/1746-1340-16-5.</citation>
    <PMID>18507834</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Teodorczyk-Injeyan JA, McGregor M, Ruegg R, Injeyan HS. Interleukin 2-regulated in vitro antibody production following a single spinal manipulative treatment in normal subjects. Chiropr Osteopat. 2010 Sep 8;18:26. doi: 10.1186/1746-1340-18-26.</citation>
    <PMID>20825650</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Roy RA, Boucher JP, Comtois AS. Inflammatory response following a short-term course of chiropractic treatment in subjects with and without chronic low back pain. J Chiropr Med. 2010 Sep;9(3):107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2010.06.002.</citation>
    <PMID>22027032</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Davison S, Parkin-Smith G. The possible effect of upper cervical chiropractic manipulation on short-term lymphocytic response: a pilot study. European Journal Of Chiropractic [serial online]. October 2003;51(1):19-28. Available from: CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed January 5, 2017.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Song XC, Fu G, Yang X, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Zhou GW. Protein expression profiling of breast cancer cells by dissociable antibody microarray (DAMA) staining. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Jan;7(1):163-9. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M700115-MCP200. Epub 2007 Oct 13.</citation>
    <PMID>17934210</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Fu G, Song XC, Yang X, Peng T, Wang Y, Zhou GW. Protein subcellular localization profiling of breast cancer cells by dissociable antibody microarray staining. Proteomics. 2010 Apr;10(8):1536-44. doi: 10.1002/pmic.200900585.</citation>
    <PMID>20127686</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wang HX, Liu X, Xu CJ, Ma XC, Long JE, Li D. Induction of liver cytochrome P450 1A2 expression by flutamide in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Nov;26(11):1382-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00211.x.</citation>
    <PMID>16225762</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Gerets HH, Tilmant K, Gerin B, Chanteux H, Depelchin BO, Dhalluin S, Atienzar FA. Characterization of primary human hepatocytes, HepG2 cells, and HepaRG cells at the mRNA level and CYP activity in response to inducers and their predictivity for the detection of human hepatotoxins. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2012 Apr;28(2):69-87. doi: 10.1007/s10565-011-9208-4. Epub 2012 Jan 19.</citation>
    <PMID>22258563</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Snider KT, Johnson JC, Degenhardt BF, Snider EJ, Burton DC. Association of low back pain, somatic dysfunction, and lumbar bone mineral density: reproducibility of findings. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2014 May;114(5):356-67. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2014.073.</citation>
    <PMID>24778000</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Snider KT, Johnson JC, Snider EJ, Degenhardt BF. Increased incidence and severity of somatic dysfunction in subjects with chronic low back pain. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2008 Aug;108(8):372-8.</citation>
    <PMID>18723455</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Zar, Jerrold H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis (Second Edition). Prentice-Hall. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Julious, S. A. 2010. Sample Sizes for Clinical Trials. Chapman &amp; Hall/CRC. Boca Raton, FL.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chow, S.-C., Shao, J., and Wang, H. 2008. Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research (Second Edition).Chapman &amp; Hall/CRC. Boca Raton, FL.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Machin, D., Campbell, M., Fayers, P., and Pinol, A. 1997. Sample Size Tables for Clinical Studies, 2ndEdition. Blackwell Science. Malden, MA</citation>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>January 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>August 11, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>August 11, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 15, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>January 7, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>January 7, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">January 13, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Osteopathic manipulation</keyword>
  <keyword>low back pain</keyword>
  <keyword>immune cells</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Back Pain</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Low Back Pain</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <provided_document_section>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Study Protocol</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>Yes</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>No</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>October 31, 2018</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/12/NCT03250312/Prot_002.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Informed Consent Form</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>No</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>Yes</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>No</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>July 1, 2017</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/12/NCT03250312/ICF_003.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
  </provided_document_section>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03250312
org study id: IRB #170804-001
nct id: NCT03250312
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
This study intends to understand the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on
      the expression patterns of 60 immune cell biomarkers in the peripheral blood mononuclear
      cells (PBMC) of each participant, before and after intervention - OMT or seated control. This
      study will utilize participants with a history of low back pain (LBP), and will identify and
      validate those immune cell biomarkers that change in most participants after OMT, by using
      the novel protein subcellular localization (PSL) microarray technology. This study intends to
      uncover the important immune cells affected by OMT techniques, therefore to uncover the
      molecular mechanisms of OMT.
The study will be conducted over the course of one year. Forty men and women ages 20 to 55
      years with at least one or more episodes of LBP in the past two weeks will be randomly
      assigned into one of two groups - control or OMT groups. Twenty participants will be assigned
      to each group. The study will begin recruitment in September 2017. Participants will be
      recruited from the surrounding Kirksville area. Individuals who cannot tolerate OMT or have
      coagulation disorders will be excluded. Potential participants will be excluded from the
      study if they have had nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication in the 48 hours prior to the
      study or if they have had corticosteroids in the 2 weeks prior to the study.

      Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, control or OMT using a random number
      generator. Males and females will be randomized separately to ensure equal distribution into
      the two study groups. Demographics including sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) will be
      collected on all participants. All participants will receive two blood draws,with 8 ml each
      draw: first blood draw immediately prior to intervention and second blood draw following the
      intervention.

      The OMT treatment will begin with a brief physical examination to identify somatic
      dysfunction that the treating physician judges to be relevant to the individual participant's
      low back pain. OMT will be performed to improve the somatic dysfunctions that the treating
      physicians finds most relevant. The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy,
      articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and
      will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still,
      counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial
      techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will
      conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping technique. The total treatment time will
      not to exceed 20 minutes.

      The control group will wait in another room for approximately 30 minutes. To encourage
      participation in the proposed study, participants who are assigned to the control group will
      have an opportunity to receive OMT after the second blood draw.

      The investigators shall determine the expression patterns of 60 immune cell biomarkers in
      human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the study participants, and determine the
      ratio change of those 60 biomarkers, after the OMT treatment. The investigators shall compare
      the effects of OMT treatment on the ratio change of those 60 biomarkers, with those in the
      control group.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
intervention model description: Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, control or OMT using a random number generator. Males and females will be randomized separately to ensure equal distribution into the two study groups.
primary purpose: Basic Science
masking: Single (Investigator)
masking description: The investigators who determine the expression profile of the 60 immune cell biomarkers would not know which group does each sample belong to
measure: The effects of OMT on the amounts of immune cell biomarkers
time frame: immediate after the 20 minutes OMT treatment
description: Measure the ratio change of immune cell biomarkers in the PBMC cell of Low back pain patients after the OMT treatment
arm group label: The OMT group
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: This group will be treated by the osteopathic manipulation techniques (OMT). The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy, articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still, counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping. The total treatment time will not to exceed 20 minutes.
arm group label: The control group
arm group type: No Intervention
description: The control group will wait in another room for approximately 30 minutes.
To encourage participation in the proposed study, participants who are assigned to the control group will have an opportunity to receive OMT after the second blood draw
intervention type: Other
intervention name: The Osteopathic Manipulation
description: The types of OMT techniques used will include muscle energy, articular, or high velocity-low amplitude (HVLA) as indicated by the physical findings and will be at the discretion of the treating physician. Additional techniques such as still, counter strain, facilitated positional release, balanced ligamentous tension, and cranial techniques may also be used at the discretion of the treating physician. The treatment will conclude with 2 minutes of pedal lymphatic pumping
arm group label: The OMT group
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 20 Years
maximum age: 55 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Karen Snider, D. O.
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: A.T. Still University of Health Sciences
facility: 
country: United States
citation: Kuchera ML. Lymphatics approach. In: Chila AG, ed. Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011:786-808.
citation: Castlio Y, Ferris-Swift L. Effects of splenic stimulation in normal individuals on the active and differential blood cell counts and the opsonotic index. Kansas City Coll Osteopath Surg 1932;16:10-6
citation: Castlio Y, Ferris-Swift L. The effect of direct splenic stimulation on the cells and antibody content of the bloodstream in acute infectious disease. Kansas City Coll Osteopath Surg 1934;18:196-211
citation: Lane MA. On increasing the antibody content of the serum by manipulation of the spleen. J of Osteopath 1920;27:361-4
citation: Mesina J, Hampton D, Evans R, Ziegler T, Mikeska C, Thomas K, Ferretti J. Transient basophilia following the application of lymphatic pump techniques: a pilot study. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1998 Feb;98(2):91-4.
PMID: 9509835
citation: Dons'koi BV, Chernyshov VP, Osypchuk DV, Baksheev SM. Repeated cupping manipulation temporary decreases natural killer lymphocyte frequency, activity and cytotoxicity. J Integr Med. 2016 May;14(3):197-202. doi: 10.1016/S2095-4964(16)60250-9.
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responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Back Pain
mesh term: Low Back Pain
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