<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03308383</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>NK/3908/Study</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03308383</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Normal Echocardiographic Parameters of Indian Population and Comparison With the ASE Reference Range</brief_title>
  <acronym>TTE IN INDIAN</acronym>
  <official_title>Normal Echocardiographic Parameters of Indian Population and Comparison With the ASE Reference Range</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Echocardiography forms one of the most used modality in the evaluation of cardiac anatomy and&#xD;
      functions in both patients with cardiac symptoms and in healthy individuals for occupational&#xD;
      and research purpose. The interpretation of any medical investigation including&#xD;
      echocardiographic report is based on its comparison with the normal range for that parameter,&#xD;
      which is known to vary depending on the age, sex, body surface area (BSA), ethnicity and&#xD;
      race. Since most of the medical/surgical treatment decisions are made based on the&#xD;
      echocardiographic reports, the interpretation of results should be accurate. Even though&#xD;
      there are many studies defining reference ranges of echocardiographic parameters, most of&#xD;
      them were based on studies conducted in Western and European population, who shows&#xD;
      considerable difference in their anthropometric measurements from the Indian population.&#xD;
      Hence for the accurate diagnosis of any cardiac abnormalities, the reference values should&#xD;
      have been derived from studies conducted in population of that particular race and ethnicity&#xD;
      who are free of risk factors for the cardiac disease. Hence the investigator planned to&#xD;
      conduct a study to determine the normal Echocardiographic parameters and compare it with the&#xD;
      reference range of established by American society of echocardiography (ASE).&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Aim To determine the mean and standard deviation for Echocardiographic 2 dimensional, Doppler&#xD;
      and strain parameters in Indian population and compare it with the reference range&#xD;
      established by ASE&#xD;
&#xD;
      Materials and Methods After getting ethical clearance and informed patient consent, the study&#xD;
      will be performed in 150 individuals who visit pre-anaesthetic check up (PAC) clinic for&#xD;
      minor surgery which includes plastic, rhino-otolaryngeal, ophthalmologic, orthopaedic,&#xD;
      abdominal, urological, gynaecological surgeries, who are free of cardiac disease or any known&#xD;
      risk factors for the cardiac disease like chronic alcoholism, chronic smoking, metabolic&#xD;
      syndrome, morbid obesity. The duration of study will be from October 2017 to June 2018 or&#xD;
      till 150 individual studied.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Echocardiographic Study For all the individual electrocardiogram (ECG) integrated TTE will be&#xD;
      done using general electric (GE) Echocardiographic machine using the cardiac probe of&#xD;
      frequency 5 Hz in supine or left lateral position in a comfortable environment. All images&#xD;
      will be recorded as per the ASE recommendations and the images will be analysed by echo&#xD;
      cardiographer accredited by the national board of echocardiography. Three consecutive cardiac&#xD;
      cycles were measured and average of the three will be taken for analysis.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Image acquisition By placing the Transducer in the left third or fourth intercostal space&#xD;
      adjacent to the sternum parasternal short axis (PSAX) view is obtained, by tilting the probe&#xD;
      superiorly and inferiorly, the true short axis view of the LV where both the papillary muscle&#xD;
      are seen. Parasternal long axis (PLAX) view is formed by rotating the probe perpendicular&#xD;
      from the true PSAX view. By applying M mode across the tip of the MV in PLAX view the end&#xD;
      diastolic, end systolic dimensions of LV, posterior wall and inter-ventricular septum&#xD;
      thickness, relative wall thickness (RWT) and LV internal dimension will be measured from&#xD;
      leading edge to leading edge.1 From the same image FS, LVEF by Teicholtz method, LV mass by&#xD;
      linear cube method will be calculated.&#xD;
&#xD;
      LV EF (Teicholtz)32 :&#xD;
&#xD;
      LVEDV = 7/(2.4+LVEDD) X LVEDD3 LVESV = 7/(2.4+LVESD) X LVESD3 LV FS32 = (LVEDD-LVESD/LVEDD) x&#xD;
      100 LV mass in grams = 0.8x{1.04x[(IVSd+PWd+LVEDD)3 - LVIDD3]} +0.6.1 RWT = (2 X PW&#xD;
      thickness)/ LVEDD.33&#xD;
&#xD;
      By moving the transducer cranially and medially towards sternum, and by placing M mode across&#xD;
      the aortic sinus, perpendicular to the long axis of the aorta, LA AP diameter will be&#xD;
      measured from leading edge to leading edge at the end of systole. From the same 2D image the&#xD;
      aortic annulus, sino-tubular junction (STJ), aortic sinus and ascending aorta diameter will&#xD;
      be measured from leading edge to leading edge.1 By tilting the probe from the PLAX view&#xD;
      towards the sternum, the distal RVOT will be in view and diameter of which is measured from&#xD;
      the leading edge to the leading edge. Proximal RVOT diameter is measured from the leading&#xD;
      edge to the leading edge at the diastole in PSAX view in which the right ventricular (RV)&#xD;
      inflow and outflow is visible,31 in the same view the diameter of the pulmonary valve (PV)&#xD;
      annulus will be measured.&#xD;
&#xD;
      On palpation, the apical impulse will be identified and by placing the transducer in that&#xD;
      point with the probe pointing toward the right shoulder, apical 4 chamber (A4C) view is&#xD;
      obtained. The image will be optimized to get the maximum length of the LV to avoid&#xD;
      foreshortening by identifying the pinching apex. LV end systolic volume (LVESV) and EDV and&#xD;
      EF will be measured by Simpson's method. And by applying pulse wave Doppler with the sample&#xD;
      volume at the tip of the mitral leaflet, mitral valve E, A velocity and deceleration time and&#xD;
      A wave duration are calculated.&#xD;
&#xD;
      In the same image by applying Tissue Doppler (TDI) over mitral valve lateral and septal&#xD;
      annulus e', a', S', TEI index, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and isovolumic contraction&#xD;
      time (IVCT) are calculated. TEI index is calculated using the formula (IVRT+IVCT)/ET, where&#xD;
      ET is the ejection time. By applying M mode across the lateral annulus of the MV, mitral&#xD;
      annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is measured in cms. All the Doppler measurement will&#xD;
      be done with the acceptable alignment between the cursor angle and movement of the tissue or&#xD;
      blood flow (&lt;20 degree).&#xD;
&#xD;
      Strain will be measured for both the lateral and septal wall of the LV in the same image.&#xD;
&#xD;
      By tilting the probe towards sternum and bringing the TV in the focus, the apical RV focussed&#xD;
      view is formed. TV annulus, RV basal and mid diameter and the RV length are measured from the&#xD;
      leading edge to the leading edge. And by applying TDI at the lateral annulus of TV e', a',&#xD;
      s', TEI index are measured. On applying M mode across the lateral annulus, tricuspid annular&#xD;
      plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is measured. FAC which is measured by {RV diastolic area&#xD;
      (DA) - RV systolic area (SA)}/ RV DA, and RV lateral wall strain are measured.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Subcostal view is obtained by placing the probe in the xiphi-sternum directing towards the&#xD;
      left shoulder. Patient can be asked to flex the legs to make the abdominal wall relax for the&#xD;
      placement of the probe. The RV lateral wall thickness and TV annulus diameter is measured in&#xD;
      the subcostal 4 chamber view. And on placing the probe vertically with the pointer directed&#xD;
      cephalad the inferior vena cava (IVC) is seen in the long axis which can be used for&#xD;
      measuring the IVC diameter at the end expiration.&#xD;
&#xD;
      All measurements were divided by BSA for the indexed measurements. The peak of R wave and the&#xD;
      beginning of the T wave in the ECG are used to identify the end of diastole and end of&#xD;
      systole respectively while performing measurement.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 1, 2018</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">June 30, 2018</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">June 30, 2018</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Health Services Research</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>EDLVID</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End diastole left ventricle internal diameter</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>ESLVID</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End systole left ventricle internal diameter</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>EDIVST</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End diastole inter-ventricular septum thickness</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>ESIVST</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End systole inter-ventricular septum thickness</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>EDPWT</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End diastole posterior wall thickness</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>ESPWT</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>End systole posterior wall thickness</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>LVEF</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Left ventricle ejection fraction</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>LV strain</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Left ventricle strain</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>TAPSE</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>RV FAC</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Right ventricle fractional area change</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>RV TEI index</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Right ventricle TEI index</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Mitral and tricuspid E',A', S'</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Mitral and tricuspid annular tissue velocities</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>RVOT diameter</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Right ventricle outflow tract diameter</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Mitral tricuspid aortic pulmonary annulus diameter</measure>
    <time_frame>up to 30 minutes</time_frame>
    <description>Mitral tricuspid aortic pulmonary annulus diameter</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">150</enrollment>
  <condition>HEALTHY</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Individuals who visit pre-anaesthetic check up (PAC) clinic for minor surgery which includes plastic, rhino-otolaryngeal, ophthalmologic, orthopaedic, abdominal, urological, gynaecological surgeries, who are free of cardiac disease or any known risk factors for the cardiac disease like chronic alcoholism, chronic smoking, metabolic syndrome, morbid obesity</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>DOING TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM</intervention_name>
    <description>TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM WILL BE DONE IN THE PARTICIPANTS WHICH IS NON-INVASIVE</description>
    <arm_group_label>TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        - Age between18 to 60 years&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of congenital or acquired cardiac abnormality&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Symptoms and Signs suggestive of any cardio-respiratory disease&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Systemic hypertension SBP more than 140 and DBP more than90&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known case of Diabetes mellitus or signs and symptoms suggesting like polyuria,&#xD;
             polydipsia, autonomic dysfunction&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History of long term exercise&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Systemic disease like chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, chronic&#xD;
             obstructive pulmonary disease&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  LVH or any abnormality in ECG&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Abnormal chest X-ray&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Obesity defined by BMI MORE THAN 25 kg/m2)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>60 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>GANESH KUMAR, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>PGIMER, CHANDIGARH, INDIA</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>GANESH KUMAR, MD</last_name>
    <phone>8968170779</phone>
    <email>mganeshkumar19@gmail.com</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <overall_contact_backup>
    <last_name>GOVERDHAN D PURI, MD</last_name>
    <phone>7087009509</phone>
    <email>gdpuri007@hotmail.com</email>
  </overall_contact_backup>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>PGIMER</name>
      <address>
        <city>Chandigarh</city>
        <zip>160012</zip>
        <country>India</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>GANESH KUMAR M, MD</last_name>
      <phone>8968170779</phone>
      <email>mganeshkumar19@gmail.com</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>PGIMER</name>
      <address>
        <city>Chandigarh</city>
        <zip>160012</zip>
        <country>India</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>GANESH KUMAR, MD</last_name>
      <phone>8968170779</phone>
      <email>MGANESHKUMAR19@GMAIL.COM</email>
    </contact>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>India</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>January 2018</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>September 27, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>October 11, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">October 12, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>January 12, 2018</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>January 12, 2018</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">January 17, 2018</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Ganesh Kumar Munirathinam</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Principal Investigator</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03308383
org study id: NK/3908/Study
nct id: NCT03308383
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Echocardiography forms one of the most used modality in the evaluation of cardiac anatomy and
      functions in both patients with cardiac symptoms and in healthy individuals for occupational
      and research purpose. The interpretation of any medical investigation including
      echocardiographic report is based on its comparison with the normal range for that parameter,
      which is known to vary depending on the age, sex, body surface area (BSA), ethnicity and
      race. Since most of the medical/surgical treatment decisions are made based on the
      echocardiographic reports, the interpretation of results should be accurate. Even though
      there are many studies defining reference ranges of echocardiographic parameters, most of
      them were based on studies conducted in Western and European population, who shows
      considerable difference in their anthropometric measurements from the Indian population.
      Hence for the accurate diagnosis of any cardiac abnormalities, the reference values should
      have been derived from studies conducted in population of that particular race and ethnicity
      who are free of risk factors for the cardiac disease. Hence the investigator planned to
      conduct a study to determine the normal Echocardiographic parameters and compare it with the
      reference range of established by American society of echocardiography (ASE).
Aim To determine the mean and standard deviation for Echocardiographic 2 dimensional, Doppler
      and strain parameters in Indian population and compare it with the reference range
      established by ASE

      Materials and Methods After getting ethical clearance and informed patient consent, the study
      will be performed in 150 individuals who visit pre-anaesthetic check up (PAC) clinic for
      minor surgery which includes plastic, rhino-otolaryngeal, ophthalmologic, orthopaedic,
      abdominal, urological, gynaecological surgeries, who are free of cardiac disease or any known
      risk factors for the cardiac disease like chronic alcoholism, chronic smoking, metabolic
      syndrome, morbid obesity. The duration of study will be from October 2017 to June 2018 or
      till 150 individual studied.

      Echocardiographic Study For all the individual electrocardiogram (ECG) integrated TTE will be
      done using general electric (GE) Echocardiographic machine using the cardiac probe of
      frequency 5 Hz in supine or left lateral position in a comfortable environment. All images
      will be recorded as per the ASE recommendations and the images will be analysed by echo
      cardiographer accredited by the national board of echocardiography. Three consecutive cardiac
      cycles were measured and average of the three will be taken for analysis.

      Image acquisition By placing the Transducer in the left third or fourth intercostal space
      adjacent to the sternum parasternal short axis (PSAX) view is obtained, by tilting the probe
      superiorly and inferiorly, the true short axis view of the LV where both the papillary muscle
      are seen. Parasternal long axis (PLAX) view is formed by rotating the probe perpendicular
      from the true PSAX view. By applying M mode across the tip of the MV in PLAX view the end
      diastolic, end systolic dimensions of LV, posterior wall and inter-ventricular septum
      thickness, relative wall thickness (RWT) and LV internal dimension will be measured from
      leading edge to leading edge.1 From the same image FS, LVEF by Teicholtz method, LV mass by
      linear cube method will be calculated.

      LV EF (Teicholtz)32 :

      LVEDV = 7/(2.4+LVEDD) X LVEDD3 LVESV = 7/(2.4+LVESD) X LVESD3 LV FS32 = (LVEDD-LVESD/LVEDD) x
      100 LV mass in grams = 0.8x{1.04x[(IVSd+PWd+LVEDD)3 - LVIDD3]} +0.6.1 RWT = (2 X PW
      thickness)/ LVEDD.33

      By moving the transducer cranially and medially towards sternum, and by placing M mode across
      the aortic sinus, perpendicular to the long axis of the aorta, LA AP diameter will be
      measured from leading edge to leading edge at the end of systole. From the same 2D image the
      aortic annulus, sino-tubular junction (STJ), aortic sinus and ascending aorta diameter will
      be measured from leading edge to leading edge.1 By tilting the probe from the PLAX view
      towards the sternum, the distal RVOT will be in view and diameter of which is measured from
      the leading edge to the leading edge. Proximal RVOT diameter is measured from the leading
      edge to the leading edge at the diastole in PSAX view in which the right ventricular (RV)
      inflow and outflow is visible,31 in the same view the diameter of the pulmonary valve (PV)
      annulus will be measured.

      On palpation, the apical impulse will be identified and by placing the transducer in that
      point with the probe pointing toward the right shoulder, apical 4 chamber (A4C) view is
      obtained. The image will be optimized to get the maximum length of the LV to avoid
      foreshortening by identifying the pinching apex. LV end systolic volume (LVESV) and EDV and
      EF will be measured by Simpson's method. And by applying pulse wave Doppler with the sample
      volume at the tip of the mitral leaflet, mitral valve E, A velocity and deceleration time and
      A wave duration are calculated.

      In the same image by applying Tissue Doppler (TDI) over mitral valve lateral and septal
      annulus e', a', S', TEI index, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and isovolumic contraction
      time (IVCT) are calculated. TEI index is calculated using the formula (IVRT+IVCT)/ET, where
      ET is the ejection time. By applying M mode across the lateral annulus of the MV, mitral
      annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is measured in cms. All the Doppler measurement will
      be done with the acceptable alignment between the cursor angle and movement of the tissue or
      blood flow (<20 degree).

      Strain will be measured for both the lateral and septal wall of the LV in the same image.

      By tilting the probe towards sternum and bringing the TV in the focus, the apical RV focussed
      view is formed. TV annulus, RV basal and mid diameter and the RV length are measured from the
      leading edge to the leading edge. And by applying TDI at the lateral annulus of TV e', a',
      s', TEI index are measured. On applying M mode across the lateral annulus, tricuspid annular
      plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is measured. FAC which is measured by {RV diastolic area
      (DA) - RV systolic area (SA)}/ RV DA, and RV lateral wall strain are measured.

      Subcostal view is obtained by placing the probe in the xiphi-sternum directing towards the
      left shoulder. Patient can be asked to flex the legs to make the abdominal wall relax for the
      placement of the probe. The RV lateral wall thickness and TV annulus diameter is measured in
      the subcostal 4 chamber view. And on placing the probe vertically with the pointer directed
      cephalad the inferior vena cava (IVC) is seen in the long axis which can be used for
      measuring the IVC diameter at the end expiration.

      All measurements were divided by BSA for the indexed measurements. The peak of R wave and the
      beginning of the T wave in the ECG are used to identify the end of diastole and end of
      systole respectively while performing measurement.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
primary purpose: Health Services Research
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: EDLVID
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End diastole left ventricle internal diameter
measure: ESLVID
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End systole left ventricle internal diameter
measure: EDIVST
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End diastole inter-ventricular septum thickness
measure: ESIVST
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End systole inter-ventricular septum thickness
measure: EDPWT
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End diastole posterior wall thickness
measure: ESPWT
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: End systole posterior wall thickness
measure: LVEF
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Left ventricle ejection fraction
measure: LV strain
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Left ventricle strain
measure: TAPSE
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
measure: RV FAC
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Right ventricle fractional area change
measure: RV TEI index
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Right ventricle TEI index
measure: Mitral and tricuspid E',A', S'
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Mitral and tricuspid annular tissue velocities
measure: RVOT diameter
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Right ventricle outflow tract diameter
measure: Mitral tricuspid aortic pulmonary annulus diameter
time frame: up to 30 minutes
description: Mitral tricuspid aortic pulmonary annulus diameter
arm group label: TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM
arm group type: Experimental
description: Individuals who visit pre-anaesthetic check up (PAC) clinic for minor surgery which includes plastic, rhino-otolaryngeal, ophthalmologic, orthopaedic, abdominal, urological, gynaecological surgeries, who are free of cardiac disease or any known risk factors for the cardiac disease like chronic alcoholism, chronic smoking, metabolic syndrome, morbid obesity
intervention type: Other
intervention name: DOING TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM
description: TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM WILL BE DONE IN THE PARTICIPANTS WHICH IS NON-INVASIVE
arm group label: TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 60 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: GANESH KUMAR, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: PGIMER, CHANDIGARH, INDIA
last name: GANESH KUMAR, MD
phone: 8968170779
email: mganeshkumar19@gmail.com
last name: GOVERDHAN D PURI, MD
phone: 7087009509
email: gdpuri007@hotmail.com
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
country: India
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
investigator full name: Ganesh Kumar Munirathinam
investigator title: Principal Investigator
sharing ipd: No