<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03257527</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>H16-02273</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03257527</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Enduring Happiness and Continued Self-Enhancement (ENHANCE) 2.0</brief_title>
  <official_title>Enduring Happiness and Continued Self-Enhancement (ENHANCE) 2.0: A Well-Being Program</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of British Columbia</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Frank C. Diener Foundation</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of Virginia</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of Utah</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of British Columbia</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The study is designed to compare the efficacy of two programs intended to improve happiness&#xD;
      and well-being among healthy, community adults between the ages of 25 and 75 years.&#xD;
      Participants will complete either an in-person program (ENHANCE) or a mindfulness-based&#xD;
      stress reduction (MBSR) self-help program over 3-months. The ENHANCE program will include&#xD;
      12-weekly sessions based on researched principles of happiness. Alternatively, the MBSR&#xD;
      self-help guide will teach ways to replace stress-promoting habits. Participants will be&#xD;
      asked to complete a series of measures at three points of the study: at the start of the&#xD;
      study, the end of the study, and 3-months following the study.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      In 2011, the United Nations defined happiness as a &quot;fundamental human goal&quot; and invited&#xD;
      Member States to pursue measures that enhance the happiness of their citizens. The majority&#xD;
      of people across the globe agree that happiness is an important goal. In accordance with this&#xD;
      global goal to be happy, the psychological literature abounds with interventions to combat&#xD;
      problems that may prevent people from being happy-from obesity to depression and physical&#xD;
      pain. However, happiness is not simply the absence of problems. Yet, interventions to help&#xD;
      people attain and maintain higher levels of happiness are rare. Accordingly, in a previous&#xD;
      study, the investigators designed and evaluated the efficacy of a theoretically-grounded,&#xD;
      evidence-based randomized controlled trial for enhancing happiness and well-being. In the&#xD;
      present study, it is the goal to assess the efficacy of modifications made to the original&#xD;
      program, and compare the program to a self-help comparison group. All participants in the&#xD;
      study will complete weekly questionnaires, as well as the same battery of online assessments&#xD;
      at baseline, the end of the study, and 3-months following the study. The investigators will&#xD;
      be examining if changes seen from baseline to the end of the interventions are maintained&#xD;
      through a maintenance intervention in both arms for 3 months following the primary&#xD;
      intervention.&#xD;
&#xD;
      It is expect that participants actively completing the in-person ENHANCE program will report&#xD;
      greater increase in their overall levels of happiness/well-being at the end of the 12-week&#xD;
      program compared to participants in the MBSR self-help group. It is predicted that there will&#xD;
      be a downstream effect on happiness for all participants' mental and physical health,&#xD;
      cognitive function, social relationships, and other positive outcomes, but that this effect&#xD;
      will be greater for participants in the active in-person ENHANCE group. The insights gained&#xD;
      from this research could be used in future intervention research towards promoting health,&#xD;
      achievement, citizenship, and better relationships.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">April 10, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">August 31, 2018</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">August 31, 2018</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Other</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Satisfaction With Life</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Satisfaction With Life Scale</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Positive Affect</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Scale of Positive and Negative Experience: SPANE</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Negative Affect</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Scale of Positive and Negative Experience: SPANE</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Meaning in Life</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Meaning in Life Questionnaire</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Thriving</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Physical Activity</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Step count captured from Fitbits</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Perceived Social Support</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>The Social Provisions Scale</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Relationship Satisfaction</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline to attention, concentration, reaction time, memory, processing speed, executive functioning and decision-making</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM)</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline in Implicit Theories of Well-Being</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline to Empathy</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Positive and Negative Memories Generated by Participants</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>In this task, participants list as many positive (and then negative) life events and then as many negative life events as they can in three minutes. Relative quantities of positive to negative life events that are listed demonstrate accessibility of positive and negative memories, which is an indicator of Subjective Well-Being.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Positive Behaviors</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Peers will be asked to evaluate the participant on how frequently they engaged in a series of affect-related displays over the past week: smiling, laughing</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Satisfaction With Life</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's satisfaction with life</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Positive Affect</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's positive affect</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Negative Affect</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's negative affect</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Negative Behaviors</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Peers will be asked to evaluate the participant on how frequently they engaged in a series of affect-related displays over the past week: crying, frowning, complaining, and criticizing</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Healthy Behaviors</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Perceived Stress</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Depression</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Patient Health Questionnaire-9</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Self-Esteem</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Psychological Need Satisfaction: Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Need Satisfaction Scale</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Body Mass Index: BMI</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>BMI = (Weight in Kilograms / (Height in Meters x Height in Meters))</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Blood Pressure</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Blood pressure is taken twice using a blood pressure cuff and the average will be reported</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Sleep Quality</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Change from Baseline Alertness</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>The Stanford Sleepiness Scale</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Objective Change from Baseline in Sleep</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, 3, 6 months</time_frame>
    <description>Fitbit Sleep data: length, # of times awake</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">95</enrollment>
  <condition>Well-being</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>ENHANCE group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>The ENHANCE group is comprised of 12 weekly session to be completed in-person and delivered by trained group facilitators.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>MBSR group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>The MBSR group will complete a self-help workbook entitled, &quot;A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Workbook&quot; over a 12 week period.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>ENHANCE group</intervention_name>
    <description>The ENHANCE program includes an initial 3-month treatment of 12 weekly sessions (including an introductory session, a final session, and 10 content sessions) followed by a 3-month maintenance phase intervention with bi-weekly sessions. Over the course of the program, participants will learn about 10 evidenced-based principles of happiness and how these principles can be applied effectively in their lives. At the final session, participants will receive feedback outlining the happiness principles and activities that fit them best, and will then be asked to work on creating a plan for integrating those principles into their daily lives.</description>
    <arm_group_label>ENHANCE group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>MBSR group</intervention_name>
    <description>The MBSR program is based on the self-help workbook entitled, &quot;A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Workbook&quot;. This workbook is authored by Drs. Bob Stahl and Elisha Goldstein - who are both certified MBSR trainers. The workbook is written to help everyday people learn how to replace stress-promoting habits with mindfully-based ones to improve overall well-being. The workbook begins by providing a thorough introduction to the basic tenets of mindfulness, and improving well-being through the use of mindfulness-based skills. The workbook outlines, in detail, several skills-based exercises for practicing mindfulness across different aspects of a person's life. The MBSR group will be provided with a recommended weekly schedule for the initial 3-month treatment and a list of additional resources to be completed over the 3-month maintenance phase.</description>
    <arm_group_label>MBSR group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  All participants in the study will include males and females between the ages of 25&#xD;
             and 75 years. Participants of all racial and ethnic backgrounds will be eligible to&#xD;
             participate. Participants of all religious and spiritual orientations will be eligible&#xD;
             to participate.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Participants will be screened for major psychological disorders, such as anxiety and&#xD;
             depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9. Participants who are&#xD;
             screened with a major mental illness (such as severe depression as determined by a&#xD;
             cut-off score of 15 or greater on the PHQ-9) will be advised that this study is not&#xD;
             designed as a treatment for mental illness (including severe depression), and will be&#xD;
             given a list of the appropriate mental health services offered in their community&#xD;
             (e.g., Kelowna Mental Health and Substance Use Services).&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>25 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>75 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of British Columbia Okanagan</name>
      <address>
        <city>Kelowna</city>
        <state>British Columbia</state>
        <zip>V1V1V7</zip>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Canada</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>June 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>August 8, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>August 21, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Actual">August 22, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 10, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 10, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">June 11, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>University of British Columbia</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Lesley Lutes</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Associate Professor, Director of Clinical Training</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Well-being</keyword>
  <keyword>Comparative Clinical Trial</keyword>
  <keyword>Positive Psychology Intervention</keyword>
  <keyword>Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)</keyword>
  <keyword>Group Therapy</keyword>
  <keyword>Happiness</keyword>
  <keyword>Bibliotherapy</keyword>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>We are currently consulting with others on the grant team regarding our long-term data plan and will update with our final data sharing plan in October 2017</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03257527
org study id: H16-02273
nct id: NCT03257527
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The study is designed to compare the efficacy of two programs intended to improve happiness
      and well-being among healthy, community adults between the ages of 25 and 75 years.
      Participants will complete either an in-person program (ENHANCE) or a mindfulness-based
      stress reduction (MBSR) self-help program over 3-months. The ENHANCE program will include
      12-weekly sessions based on researched principles of happiness. Alternatively, the MBSR
      self-help guide will teach ways to replace stress-promoting habits. Participants will be
      asked to complete a series of measures at three points of the study: at the start of the
      study, the end of the study, and 3-months following the study.
In 2011, the United Nations defined happiness as a "fundamental human goal" and invited
      Member States to pursue measures that enhance the happiness of their citizens. The majority
      of people across the globe agree that happiness is an important goal. In accordance with this
      global goal to be happy, the psychological literature abounds with interventions to combat
      problems that may prevent people from being happy-from obesity to depression and physical
      pain. However, happiness is not simply the absence of problems. Yet, interventions to help
      people attain and maintain higher levels of happiness are rare. Accordingly, in a previous
      study, the investigators designed and evaluated the efficacy of a theoretically-grounded,
      evidence-based randomized controlled trial for enhancing happiness and well-being. In the
      present study, it is the goal to assess the efficacy of modifications made to the original
      program, and compare the program to a self-help comparison group. All participants in the
      study will complete weekly questionnaires, as well as the same battery of online assessments
      at baseline, the end of the study, and 3-months following the study. The investigators will
      be examining if changes seen from baseline to the end of the interventions are maintained
      through a maintenance intervention in both arms for 3 months following the primary
      intervention.

      It is expect that participants actively completing the in-person ENHANCE program will report
      greater increase in their overall levels of happiness/well-being at the end of the 12-week
      program compared to participants in the MBSR self-help group. It is predicted that there will
      be a downstream effect on happiness for all participants' mental and physical health,
      cognitive function, social relationships, and other positive outcomes, but that this effect
      will be greater for participants in the active in-person ENHANCE group. The insights gained
      from this research could be used in future intervention research towards promoting health,
      achievement, citizenship, and better relationships.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Other
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Change from Baseline Satisfaction With Life
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Satisfaction With Life Scale
measure: Change from Baseline in Positive Affect
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Scale of Positive and Negative Experience: SPANE
measure: Change from Baseline in Negative Affect
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Scale of Positive and Negative Experience: SPANE
measure: Change from Baseline in Meaning in Life
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Meaning in Life Questionnaire
measure: Change from Baseline in Thriving
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving
measure: Change from Baseline in Physical Activity
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Step count captured from Fitbits
measure: Change from Baseline in Perceived Social Support
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: The Social Provisions Scale
measure: Change from Baseline in Relationship Satisfaction
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale
measure: Change from Baseline to attention, concentration, reaction time, memory, processing speed, executive functioning and decision-making
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM)
measure: Change from Baseline in Implicit Theories of Well-Being
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
measure: Change from baseline to Empathy
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire
measure: Change from Baseline Positive and Negative Memories Generated by Participants
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: In this task, participants list as many positive (and then negative) life events and then as many negative life events as they can in three minutes. Relative quantities of positive to negative life events that are listed demonstrate accessibility of positive and negative memories, which is an indicator of Subjective Well-Being.
measure: Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Positive Behaviors
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Peers will be asked to evaluate the participant on how frequently they engaged in a series of affect-related displays over the past week: smiling, laughing
measure: Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Satisfaction With Life
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's satisfaction with life
measure: Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Positive Affect
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's positive affect
measure: Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Negative Affect
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Peers will be asked to report on changes to the participant's negative affect
measure: Change from Baseline Peer Reports of Negative Behaviors
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Peers will be asked to evaluate the participant on how frequently they engaged in a series of affect-related displays over the past week: crying, frowning, complaining, and criticizing
measure: Change from Baseline Healthy Behaviors
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
measure: Change from Baseline Perceived Stress
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
measure: Change from Baseline Depression
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Patient Health Questionnaire-9
measure: Change from Baseline Self-Esteem
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
measure: Change from Baseline Psychological Need Satisfaction: Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Need Satisfaction Scale
measure: Change from Baseline Body Mass Index: BMI
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: BMI = (Weight in Kilograms / (Height in Meters x Height in Meters))
measure: Change from Baseline Blood Pressure
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Blood pressure is taken twice using a blood pressure cuff and the average will be reported
measure: Change from Baseline Sleep Quality
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
measure: Change from Baseline Alertness
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: The Stanford Sleepiness Scale
measure: Objective Change from Baseline in Sleep
time frame: Baseline, 3, 6 months
description: Fitbit Sleep data: length, # of times awake
arm group label: ENHANCE group
arm group type: Experimental
description: The ENHANCE group is comprised of 12 weekly session to be completed in-person and delivered by trained group facilitators.
arm group label: MBSR group
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: The MBSR group will complete a self-help workbook entitled, "A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Workbook" over a 12 week period.
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: ENHANCE group
description: The ENHANCE program includes an initial 3-month treatment of 12 weekly sessions (including an introductory session, a final session, and 10 content sessions) followed by a 3-month maintenance phase intervention with bi-weekly sessions. Over the course of the program, participants will learn about 10 evidenced-based principles of happiness and how these principles can be applied effectively in their lives. At the final session, participants will receive feedback outlining the happiness principles and activities that fit them best, and will then be asked to work on creating a plan for integrating those principles into their daily lives.
arm group label: ENHANCE group
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: MBSR group
description: The MBSR program is based on the self-help workbook entitled, "A Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Workbook". This workbook is authored by Drs. Bob Stahl and Elisha Goldstein - who are both certified MBSR trainers. The workbook is written to help everyday people learn how to replace stress-promoting habits with mindfully-based ones to improve overall well-being. The workbook begins by providing a thorough introduction to the basic tenets of mindfulness, and improving well-being through the use of mindfulness-based skills. The workbook outlines, in detail, several skills-based exercises for practicing mindfulness across different aspects of a person's life. The MBSR group will be provided with a recommended weekly schedule for the initial 3-month treatment and a list of additional resources to be completed over the 3-month maintenance phase.
arm group label: MBSR group
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 25 Years
maximum age: 75 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
facility: 
country: Canada
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: University of British Columbia
investigator full name: Lesley Lutes
investigator title: Associate Professor, Director of Clinical Training
sharing ipd: Undecided
ipd description: We are currently consulting with others on the grant team regarding our long-term data plan and will update with our final data sharing plan in October 2017