<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02972879</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>BSCPedro</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02972879</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Effectiveness of Non-surgical Interventions for the Trigger Finger: a Randomized Clinical Trial</brief_title>
  <official_title>Effectiveness of Non-surgical Interventions for the Trigger Finger: a Randomized Clinical Trial</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Beatriz Sernajoto Cristiani Pedro</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Federal University of São Paulo</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Federal University of São Paulo</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic modalities (paraffin,&#xD;
      ultrasound and orthotics) versus corticosteroid injection for trigger finger.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      There are several forms of nonsurgical treatment for trigger finger, the most used are:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Oral nonsteroidal and steroidal antiinflammatory's drugs use to resolve the inflammatory&#xD;
           process&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Corticosteroids local injection: that proposes to control the inflammation, these&#xD;
           injections have shown good effectiveness for trigger finger treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Orthotic: with the aim of to immobilize the affected joint until the resolution of the&#xD;
           inflammatory process.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Electrotherapeutic modalities:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Paraffin that increases cellular metabolism and promotes peripheral vasodilatation,&#xD;
           favoring the transduction tissue fluid, lymph flow, hyperemia and consequent absorption&#xD;
           of exsudato.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  LASER -Lower Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): the absorption of light through the skin's&#xD;
           photoreceptors stimulates mitochondrial chain reactions, promoting adenosine&#xD;
           triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, acting on gene expression, which raises the level of&#xD;
           growth factors and Tissue repair&#xD;
&#xD;
      Although the non-surgical treatment is often used there is no evidence in the literature of&#xD;
      which is the most effective conservative treatment for trigger finger. Thus, it is necessary&#xD;
      use appropriate methodology to define the benefits and harms of each treatment modality and&#xD;
      assess the effectiveness of these nonsurgical treatments, and may define which one has a&#xD;
      higher resolution and lower rates of trigger finger recurrences in short, medium and long&#xD;
      term.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Not yet recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date type="Anticipated">March 1, 2018</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">July 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">December 2019</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Single (Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in the Resolution/cure of the trigger finger until the six months of the treatment</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
    <description>The patient must extend and flex the affected&#xD;
finger 10 times to verify the presence or absence of the trigger finger and determine&#xD;
the degree of commitment.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH)</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in SF-12 (quality of life)</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in the numbers of the Complications</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Changes in the numbers of the Relapses</measure>
    <time_frame>1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">132</enrollment>
  <condition>Trigger Finger</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Therapeutic Modalities</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Group 1: Metal orthotic, keeping 0º of the extension of the proximal interphalangeal joint, during all day, for 5 weeks, stopping the use only for bathing&#xD;
Group 2: 10 LLLT sessions applications on the A1 pulley and lump formed on the flexor tendon of the the affected finger; Two sessions per week, five weeks of treatment.&#xD;
Group 3: Paraffin bath 2 times a week for 20 minutes (total of 10 sessions).</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Corticosteroid injection</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Group 4: Corticosteroid injection in the A1 pulley, 1 application.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Therapeutic modalities: Orthotic (Group 1)</intervention_name>
    <description>participants will be instructed to remove the orthosis only two hours in the morning, two hours in the afternoon and two hours at night to avoid joint stiffness</description>
    <arm_group_label>Therapeutic Modalities</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Metal orthotic</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Therapeutic modalities: LLLT (Group 2)</intervention_name>
    <description>The LLLT parameters are:&#xD;
LASER 904nm&#xD;
P: 1.5W/cm²&#xD;
30mV/cm²&#xD;
Area 2 cm²&#xD;
1 Joule por ponto ( in the A1 pulley)</description>
    <arm_group_label>Therapeutic Modalities</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Ibramed's LASERPULSED 904nm</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Therapeutic modalities: Paraffin (Group 3)</intervention_name>
    <description>Paraffin will be heated and maintained at 50 ° C. Participants will immerse their affected hand 10 times in heated paraffin, then they will roll up their affected hand in a towel that they will bring, after 20 minutes timed by a trained professional, the subjects will remove the towel and &quot;paraffin glove&quot;:</description>
    <arm_group_label>Therapeutic Modalities</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Bath Paraffin Carci´s</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Corticosteroid injection (Group 4)</intervention_name>
    <description>The injection solution is composed of 1 ml of betamethasone and 1 ml of 2% lidocaine.This group may repeat the procedure in two weeks if they report that there was no improvement of the triggering or pain.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Corticosteroid injection</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Bethametasone</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  2-3 grade of trigger finger (Quinnell´s classification)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Signing the Terms of Consent.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presence of finger trigger in children&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presence of traumatic finger trigger&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Secondary causes (patients with tumor of the tendon sheath,&#xD;
&#xD;
        synovitis tuberculosis, etc ...)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Beatriz S C Pedro</last_name>
    <phone>05511998035668</phone>
    <email>bscristiani@gmail.com</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.walt.nu/dosage-recommendations.html</url>
    <description>World Association of Laser Therapy. Recommended antiinflammatory dosage for low level laser therapy. 2005. (accessed june 20, 2017).</description>
  </link>
  <reference>
    <citation>Binder A, Hodge G, Greenwood AM, Hazleman BL, Page Thomas DP. Is therapeutic ultrasound effective in treating soft tissue lesions? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Feb 16;290(6467):512-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.290.6467.512.</citation>
    <PMID>3918652</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Colbourn J, Heath N, Manary S, Pacifico D. Effectiveness of splinting for the treatment of trigger finger. J Hand Ther. 2008 Oct-Dec;21(4):336-43. doi: 10.1197/j.jht.2008.05.001. Epub 2008 Aug 22.</citation>
    <PMID>19006759</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chen PT, Lin CJ, Jou IM, Chieh HF, Su FC, Kuo LC. One digit interruption: the altered force patterns during functionally cylindrical grasping tasks in patients with trigger digits. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e83632. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083632. eCollection 2013.</citation>
    <PMID>24391799</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tarbhai K, Hannah S, von Schroeder HP. Trigger finger treatment: a comparison of 2 splint designs. J Hand Surg Am. 2012 Feb;37(2):243-9, 249.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.10.038. Epub 2011 Dec 20.</citation>
    <PMID>22189188</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Langer D, Luria S, Maeir A, Erez A. Occupation-based assessments and treatments of trigger finger: a survey of occupational therapists from Israel and the United States. Occup Ther Int. 2014 Dec;21(4):143-55. doi: 10.1002/oti.1372. Epub 2014 May 12.</citation>
    <PMID>24821018</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Howitt S, Wong J, Zabukovec S. The conservative treatment of Trigger thumb using Graston Techniques and Active Release Techniques. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2006 Dec;50(4):249-54.</citation>
    <PMID>17549185</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Peters-Veluthamaningal C, van der Windt DA, Winters JC, Meyboom-de Jong B. Corticosteroid injection for trigger finger in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;(1):CD005617. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005617.pub2.</citation>
    <PMID>19160256</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Huisstede BM, Hoogvliet P, Coert JH, Friden J; European HANDGUIDE Group. Multidisciplinary consensus guideline for managing trigger finger: results from the European HANDGUIDE Study. Phys Ther. 2014 Oct;94(10):1421-33. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130135. Epub 2014 May 8.</citation>
    <PMID>24810861</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Renno AC, Toma RL, Feitosa SM, Fernandes K, Bossini PS, de Oliveira P, Parizotto N, Ribeiro DA. Comparative effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and low-level laser therapy on injured skeletal muscle. Photomed Laser Surg. 2011 Jan;29(1):5-10. doi: 10.1089/pho.2009.2715. Epub 2010 Dec 18.</citation>
    <PMID>21166589</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Salim N, Abdullah S, Sapuan J, Haflah NH. Outcome of corticosteroid injection versus physiotherapy in the treatment of mild trigger fingers. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2012 Jan;37(1):27-34. doi: 10.1177/1753193411415343. Epub 2011 Aug 4.</citation>
    <PMID>21816888</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Quinnell RC. Conservative management of trigger finger. Practitioner. 1980 Feb;224(1340):187-90. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>7367373</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Valdes K. A retrospective review to determine the long-term efficacy of orthotic devices for trigger finger. J Hand Ther. 2012 Jan-Mar;25(1):89-95; quiz 96. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2011.09.005.</citation>
    <PMID>22265444</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dingemanse R, Randsdorp M, Koes BW, Huisstede BM. Evidence for the effectiveness of electrophysical modalities for treatment of medial and lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2014 Jun;48(12):957-65. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091513. Epub 2013 Jan 18.</citation>
    <PMID>23335238</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dilek B, Gozum M, Sahin E, Baydar M, Ergor G, El O, Bircan C, Gulbahar S. Efficacy of paraffin bath therapy in hand osteoarthritis: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Apr;94(4):642-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.11.024. Epub 2012 Nov 24.</citation>
    <PMID>23187044</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Sibtain F, Khan A, Shakil-Ur-Rehman S. Efficacy of Paraffin Wax Bath with and without Joint Mobilization Techniques in Rehabilitation of post-Traumatic stiff hand. Pak J Med Sci. 2013 Apr;29(2):647-50.</citation>
    <PMID>24353596</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Beaton DE, Wright JG, Katz JN; Upper Extremity Collaborative Group. Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 May;87(5):1038-46. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.D.02060.</citation>
    <PMID>15866967</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996 Mar;34(3):220-33. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003.</citation>
    <PMID>8628042</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>July 2017</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>November 7, 2016</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>November 21, 2016</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">November 25, 2016</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 5, 2017</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 5, 2017</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">July 6, 2017</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor-Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Federal University of São Paulo</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Beatriz Sernajoto Cristiani Pedro</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>BSCPedro</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>trigger finger</keyword>
  <keyword>Therapeutic Modalities</keyword>
  <keyword>Corticosteroid Injection</keyword>
  <keyword>non-surgical treatment</keyword>
  <keyword>physical therapy</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Trigger Finger Disorder</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02972879
org study id: BSCPedro
nct id: NCT02972879
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic modalities (paraffin,
      ultrasound and orthotics) versus corticosteroid injection for trigger finger.
There are several forms of nonsurgical treatment for trigger finger, the most used are:

        -  Oral nonsteroidal and steroidal antiinflammatory's drugs use to resolve the inflammatory
           process

        -  Corticosteroids local injection: that proposes to control the inflammation, these
           injections have shown good effectiveness for trigger finger treatment.

        -  Orthotic: with the aim of to immobilize the affected joint until the resolution of the
           inflammatory process.

        -  Electrotherapeutic modalities:

        -  Paraffin that increases cellular metabolism and promotes peripheral vasodilatation,
           favoring the transduction tissue fluid, lymph flow, hyperemia and consequent absorption
           of exsudato.

        -  LASER -Lower Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): the absorption of light through the skin's
           photoreceptors stimulates mitochondrial chain reactions, promoting adenosine
           triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, acting on gene expression, which raises the level of
           growth factors and Tissue repair

      Although the non-surgical treatment is often used there is no evidence in the literature of
      which is the most effective conservative treatment for trigger finger. Thus, it is necessary
      use appropriate methodology to define the benefits and harms of each treatment modality and
      assess the effectiveness of these nonsurgical treatments, and may define which one has a
      higher resolution and lower rates of trigger finger recurrences in short, medium and long
      term.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Changes in the Resolution/cure of the trigger finger until the six months of the treatment
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
description: The patient must extend and flex the affected
finger 10 times to verify the presence or absence of the trigger finger and determine
the degree of commitment.
measure: Changes in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
measure: Changes in Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH)
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
measure: Changes in SF-12 (quality of life)
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
measure: Changes in the numbers of the Complications
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
measure: Changes in the numbers of the Relapses
time frame: 1, 5, 12 weeks and 6 month
arm group label: Therapeutic Modalities
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Group 1: Metal orthotic, keeping 0º of the extension of the proximal interphalangeal joint, during all day, for 5 weeks, stopping the use only for bathing
Group 2: 10 LLLT sessions applications on the A1 pulley and lump formed on the flexor tendon of the the affected finger; Two sessions per week, five weeks of treatment.
Group 3: Paraffin bath 2 times a week for 20 minutes (total of 10 sessions).
arm group label: Corticosteroid injection
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Group 4: Corticosteroid injection in the A1 pulley, 1 application.
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Therapeutic modalities: Orthotic (Group 1)
description: participants will be instructed to remove the orthosis only two hours in the morning, two hours in the afternoon and two hours at night to avoid joint stiffness
arm group label: Therapeutic Modalities
other name: Metal orthotic
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Therapeutic modalities: LLLT (Group 2)
description: The LLLT parameters are:
LASER 904nm
P: 1.5W/cm²
30mV/cm²
Area 2 cm²
1 Joule por ponto ( in the A1 pulley)
arm group label: Therapeutic Modalities
other name: Ibramed's LASERPULSED 904nm
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Therapeutic modalities: Paraffin (Group 3)
description: Paraffin will be heated and maintained at 50 ° C. Participants will immerse their affected hand 10 times in heated paraffin, then they will roll up their affected hand in a towel that they will bring, after 20 minutes timed by a trained professional, the subjects will remove the towel and "paraffin glove":
arm group label: Therapeutic Modalities
other name: Bath Paraffin Carci´s
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Corticosteroid injection (Group 4)
description: The injection solution is composed of 1 ml of betamethasone and 1 ml of 2% lidocaine.This group may repeat the procedure in two weeks if they report that there was no improvement of the triggering or pain.
arm group label: Corticosteroid injection
other name: Bethametasone
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Beatriz S C Pedro
phone: 05511998035668
email: bscristiani@gmail.com
url: http://www.walt.nu/dosage-recommendations.html
description: World Association of Laser Therapy. Recommended antiinflammatory dosage for low level laser therapy. 2005. (accessed june 20, 2017).
citation: Binder A, Hodge G, Greenwood AM, Hazleman BL, Page Thomas DP. Is therapeutic ultrasound effective in treating soft tissue lesions? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Feb 16;290(6467):512-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.290.6467.512.
PMID: 3918652
citation: Colbourn J, Heath N, Manary S, Pacifico D. Effectiveness of splinting for the treatment of trigger finger. J Hand Ther. 2008 Oct-Dec;21(4):336-43. doi: 10.1197/j.jht.2008.05.001. Epub 2008 Aug 22.
PMID: 19006759
citation: Chen PT, Lin CJ, Jou IM, Chieh HF, Su FC, Kuo LC. One digit interruption: the altered force patterns during functionally cylindrical grasping tasks in patients with trigger digits. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e83632. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083632. eCollection 2013.
PMID: 24391799
citation: Tarbhai K, Hannah S, von Schroeder HP. Trigger finger treatment: a comparison of 2 splint designs. J Hand Surg Am. 2012 Feb;37(2):243-9, 249.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.10.038. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
PMID: 22189188
citation: Langer D, Luria S, Maeir A, Erez A. Occupation-based assessments and treatments of trigger finger: a survey of occupational therapists from Israel and the United States. Occup Ther Int. 2014 Dec;21(4):143-55. doi: 10.1002/oti.1372. Epub 2014 May 12.
PMID: 24821018
citation: Howitt S, Wong J, Zabukovec S. The conservative treatment of Trigger thumb using Graston Techniques and Active Release Techniques. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2006 Dec;50(4):249-54.
PMID: 17549185
citation: Peters-Veluthamaningal C, van der Windt DA, Winters JC, Meyboom-de Jong B. Corticosteroid injection for trigger finger in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan 21;(1):CD005617. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005617.pub2.
PMID: 19160256
citation: Huisstede BM, Hoogvliet P, Coert JH, Friden J; European HANDGUIDE Group. Multidisciplinary consensus guideline for managing trigger finger: results from the European HANDGUIDE Study. Phys Ther. 2014 Oct;94(10):1421-33. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130135. Epub 2014 May 8.
PMID: 24810861
citation: Renno AC, Toma RL, Feitosa SM, Fernandes K, Bossini PS, de Oliveira P, Parizotto N, Ribeiro DA. Comparative effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and low-level laser therapy on injured skeletal muscle. Photomed Laser Surg. 2011 Jan;29(1):5-10. doi: 10.1089/pho.2009.2715. Epub 2010 Dec 18.
PMID: 21166589
citation: Salim N, Abdullah S, Sapuan J, Haflah NH. Outcome of corticosteroid injection versus physiotherapy in the treatment of mild trigger fingers. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2012 Jan;37(1):27-34. doi: 10.1177/1753193411415343. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
PMID: 21816888
citation: Quinnell RC. Conservative management of trigger finger. Practitioner. 1980 Feb;224(1340):187-90. No abstract available.
PMID: 7367373
citation: Valdes K. A retrospective review to determine the long-term efficacy of orthotic devices for trigger finger. J Hand Ther. 2012 Jan-Mar;25(1):89-95; quiz 96. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2011.09.005.
PMID: 22265444
citation: Dingemanse R, Randsdorp M, Koes BW, Huisstede BM. Evidence for the effectiveness of electrophysical modalities for treatment of medial and lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2014 Jun;48(12):957-65. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091513. Epub 2013 Jan 18.
PMID: 23335238
citation: Dilek B, Gozum M, Sahin E, Baydar M, Ergor G, El O, Bircan C, Gulbahar S. Efficacy of paraffin bath therapy in hand osteoarthritis: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Apr;94(4):642-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.11.024. Epub 2012 Nov 24.
PMID: 23187044
citation: Sibtain F, Khan A, Shakil-Ur-Rehman S. Efficacy of Paraffin Wax Bath with and without Joint Mobilization Techniques in Rehabilitation of post-Traumatic stiff hand. Pak J Med Sci. 2013 Apr;29(2):647-50.
PMID: 24353596
citation: Beaton DE, Wright JG, Katz JN; Upper Extremity Collaborative Group. Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 May;87(5):1038-46. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.D.02060.
PMID: 15866967
citation: Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996 Mar;34(3):220-33. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003.
PMID: 8628042
responsible party type: Sponsor-Investigator
investigator affiliation: Federal University of São Paulo
investigator full name: Beatriz Sernajoto Cristiani Pedro
investigator title: BSCPedro
mesh term: Trigger Finger Disorder
sharing ipd: No