<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03034785</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>LCD-CS-0001</org_study_id>
    <secondary_id>1R01HD090985-01</secondary_id>
    <secondary_id>IRB16-1008</secondary_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03034785</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Flexible Electronics for Early Assessment</brief_title>
  <official_title>Young Hands at Work and Play: Flexible Electronics for Early Assessment of Force Modulation and Planning in Children Born Prematurely</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Wyss Institute at Harvard University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)</agency>
      <agency_class>NIH</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Wyss Institute at Harvard University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>Yes</is_fda_regulated_device>
    <is_unapproved_device>Yes</is_unapproved_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The morbidities associated with very low birth weight (VLBW) infants constitute a major&#xD;
      health problem and a significant emotional and financial burden for families and our nation.&#xD;
      The key to reducing this burden is early diagnosis. This research will be the first step&#xD;
      towards intervention for cerebral growth and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidities of VLBW&#xD;
      infants.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The proposed research is to design and fabricate a new technological innovation in wearable&#xD;
      soft-sensors, called flexi-mitts, for measuring force modulation and joint angles of the hand&#xD;
      (wrist and fingers) of toddlers. Building upon the investigators' ongoing work, they plan to&#xD;
      engineer stretchable electronics for safe, toddler-scaled flexi-mitts to measure planning and&#xD;
      force modulation.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators' new flexi-mitt technology has the potential to provide a new diagnostic&#xD;
      technology and the development of clinical assessment norms. With additional trials of the&#xD;
      technology in large numbers of young children, it may be possible for clinicians and day care&#xD;
      providers to eventually make measurements of planning and force modulation in play settings.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">August 2, 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">May 4, 2021</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">May 4, 2021</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Non-Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Device Feasibility</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Design and Fabricate FlexiMitts</measure>
    <time_frame>Anticipated Year 1</time_frame>
    <description>To measure joint angles and force</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Demonstrate Safety</measure>
    <time_frame>Anticipated Year 1</time_frame>
    <description>Bench tests of material failure (i.e., stretch deformity and compositional integrity)</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Examine group differences between Groups 1 and 2</measure>
    <time_frame>Anticipated Year 2 through 4</time_frame>
    <description>To examine group differences in force modulation and joint angles</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Examine longitudinal differences between Groups 1 and 2</measure>
    <time_frame>Anticipated Year 2 through 4</time_frame>
    <description>To examine longitudinal changes in force modulation and joint angles at 24 and 30 months</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>4</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">33</enrollment>
  <condition>Very Low Birth Weight Infant</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 1</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>Term</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 2</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>Preterm</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 3</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Term</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 4</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Preterm</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>FlexiMitt</intervention_name>
    <description>The proposed research designs and fabricates a new technological innovation in wearable soft-sensors, called flexi-mitts, for measuring force modulation and joint angles of the hand (wrist and fingers) of toddlers.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Group 3</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 4</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Children Born Prematurely (&quot;Preterm&quot;) -&#xD;
&#xD;
        Pilot Studies:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ages 13-60 months (with the target ages around 18, 24, and 30 months)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Very low birth weight (less than 1500 grams)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Born between 28 and 33 weeks&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian provides written consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian is willing to facilitate testing with child (and may be included&#xD;
             in photos/videos as a result)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Otherwise healthy condition&#xD;
&#xD;
        Longitudinal Study:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ages 13-60 months (with the target age around 24 months) at the time of enrollment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Very low birth weight (less than 1500 grams)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Born between 28 and 33 weeks&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian provides written consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian is willing to facilitate testing with child (and may be included&#xD;
             in photos/videos as a result)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Otherwise healthy condition&#xD;
&#xD;
        Typically Developing Children (&quot;Term&quot;) -&#xD;
&#xD;
        Pilot Studies:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ages 13-60 months (with the target ages around 18, 24, and 30 months)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Born at full term (37 weeks or later)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Healthy, with no history of neurological problems or musculoskeletal disorders,&#xD;
             self-reported by parent or legal guardian&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian provides written consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian is willing to facilitate testing with child (and may be included&#xD;
             in photos/videos as a result)&#xD;
&#xD;
        Longitudinal Study:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Ages 13-60 months (with the target age around 24 months) at time of enrollment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Born at full term (37 weeks or later)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Healthy, with no history of neurological problems or musculoskeletal disorders,&#xD;
             self-reported by parent or legal guardian&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian provides written consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/Legal guardian is willing to facilitate testing with child (and may be included&#xD;
             in photos/videos as a result)&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
        Both Preterm and Term&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Child has a history of/or currently exhibits any severe neurological complications,&#xD;
             such as perinatal intraventricular hemorrhage (Grade 3 or 4) or periventricular&#xD;
             leukomalacia&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  The participant is a child of a PI or other IRB-approved study team member&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Parent/legal guardian does not provide consent or is unwilling to facilitate testing&#xD;
             with child&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>13 Months</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>60 Months</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Eugene Goldfield, Ph.D.</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Boston</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>02115</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University</name>
      <address>
        <city>Boston</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>02115</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lawn JE, Kinney M. Preterm birth: now the leading cause of child death worldwide. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Nov 19;6(263):263ed21. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa2563. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>25411468</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Rubens CE, Sadovsky Y, Muglia L, Gravett MG, Lackritz E, Gravett C. Prevention of preterm birth: harnessing science to address the global epidemic. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Nov 12;6(262):262sr5. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009871.</citation>
    <PMID>25391484</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Back SA. Cerebral white and gray matter injury in newborns: new insights into pathophysiology and management. Clin Perinatol. 2014 Mar;41(1):1-24. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2013.11.001.</citation>
    <PMID>24524444</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Gordon AM, Duff SV. Fingertip forces during object manipulation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. I: anticipatory scaling. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1999 Mar;41(3):166-75. doi: 10.1017/s0012162299000353.</citation>
    <PMID>10210249</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, Shankaran S, Laptook AR, Walsh MC, Hale EC, Newman NS, Schibler K, Carlo WA, Kennedy KA, Poindexter BB, Finer NN, Ehrenkranz RA, Duara S, Sanchez PJ, O'Shea TM, Goldberg RN, Van Meurs KP, Faix RG, Phelps DL, Frantz ID 3rd, Watterberg KL, Saha S, Das A, Higgins RD; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Pediatrics. 2010 Sep;126(3):443-56. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2959. Epub 2010 Aug 23.</citation>
    <PMID>20732945</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Nordstrand L, Holmefur M, Kits A, Eliasson AC. Improvements in bimanual hand function after baby-CIMT in two-year old children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A retrospective study. Res Dev Disabil. 2015 Jun-Jul;41-42:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 Jun 19.</citation>
    <PMID>26100242</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Ulrich BD. Opportunities for early intervention based on theory, basic neuroscience, and clinical science. Phys Ther. 2010 Dec;90(12):1868-80. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100040. Epub 2010 Oct 21.</citation>
    <PMID>20966210</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Adolph KE, Berger SE, Leo AJ. Developmental continuity? Crawling, cruising, and walking. Dev Sci. 2011 Mar;14(2):306-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00981.x.</citation>
    <PMID>21399716</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Goldfield EC, Wolff PH. A dynamical systems perspective on infant action and it's development. Oxford Wiley-Blackwell; 2004</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Thelen E, Smith L. A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 1994</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Slota GP, Latash ML, Zatsiorsky VM. Grip forces during object manipulation: experiment, mathematical model, and validation. Exp Brain Res. 2011 Aug;213(1):125-39. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2784-y. Epub 2011 Jul 7.</citation>
    <PMID>21735245</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Santello M, Baud-Bovy G, Jorntell H. Neural bases of hand synergies. Front Comput Neurosci. 2013 Apr 8;7:23. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00023. eCollection 2013.</citation>
    <PMID>23579545</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Eliasson AC, Gordon AM, Forssberg H. Basic co-ordination of manipulative forces of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1991 Aug;33(8):661-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14943.x.</citation>
    <PMID>1916022</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Forssberg H, Eliasson AC, Kinoshita H, Johansson RS, Westling G. Development of human precision grip. I: Basic coordination of force. Exp Brain Res. 1991;85(2):451-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00229422.</citation>
    <PMID>1893993</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Yoshikawa T, Nagai K. Manipulating and grasping forces in manipulation by multifingered robot hands. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation 7:67-77, 1991.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chen YP, Keen R, Rosander K, von Hofsten C. Movement planning reflects skill level and age changes in toddlers. Child Dev. 2010 Nov-Dec;81(6):1846-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01514.x.</citation>
    <PMID>21077868</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Jung WP, Kahrs BA, Lockman JJ. Manual action, fitting, and spatial planning: relating objects by young children. Cognition. 2015 Jan;134:128-39. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.09.004. Epub 2014 Oct 19.</citation>
    <PMID>25460386</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Park WL, Chen BR, Wood RJ. Design and fabrication of soft artificial skin using embedded micro channels and liquid conductors. IEEE Sensors Journal 12(8):2711-2718, 2012.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Park YL, Majidi C, Kramer R, Berard P, Wood RJ. Hyperelastic pressure sensing with a liquid-embedded elastomer. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 20(12), 2010.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Majidi C, Kramer R, Wood RJ. A non-differential elastomer curvature sensor for softer-than-skin electronics. Smart Materials and Structures 20(10), 2011</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Vogt D, Park YL, Wood RJ. Design and characterization of a soft multi-axis force sensor using embedded microfluidic channels. IEEE Sensors Journal 13(10):4056-4064, 2013</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Endo Y, Tada M, Mochimaru M. Dhaiba: Development of Virtual Ergonomic Assessment System with Human Models Digital Human Modeling 1-8, 2014.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological) 57(1):289-300, 1995.</citation>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Diggle P, Liang K-Y, Zeger SL. Analysis of longitudinal data. Clarendon Press; 1994.</citation>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>May 2020</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>January 17, 2017</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>January 24, 2017</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">January 27, 2017</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>April 29, 2022</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>April 29, 2022</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">May 3, 2022</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Wyss Institute at Harvard University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Eugene Goldfield</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Associate Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Birth Weight</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03034785
org study id: LCD-CS-0001
secondary id: 1R01HD090985-01
secondary id: IRB16-1008
nct id: NCT03034785
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: Yes
is unapproved device: Yes
The morbidities associated with very low birth weight (VLBW) infants constitute a major
      health problem and a significant emotional and financial burden for families and our nation.
      The key to reducing this burden is early diagnosis. This research will be the first step
      towards intervention for cerebral growth and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidities of VLBW
      infants.

      The proposed research is to design and fabricate a new technological innovation in wearable
      soft-sensors, called flexi-mitts, for measuring force modulation and joint angles of the hand
      (wrist and fingers) of toddlers. Building upon the investigators' ongoing work, they plan to
      engineer stretchable electronics for safe, toddler-scaled flexi-mitts to measure planning and
      force modulation.

      The investigators' new flexi-mitt technology has the potential to provide a new diagnostic
      technology and the development of clinical assessment norms. With additional trials of the
      technology in large numbers of young children, it may be possible for clinicians and day care
      providers to eventually make measurements of planning and force modulation in play settings.
allocation: Non-Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Device Feasibility
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Design and Fabricate FlexiMitts
time frame: Anticipated Year 1
description: To measure joint angles and force
measure: Demonstrate Safety
time frame: Anticipated Year 1
description: Bench tests of material failure (i.e., stretch deformity and compositional integrity)
measure: Examine group differences between Groups 1 and 2
time frame: Anticipated Year 2 through 4
description: To examine group differences in force modulation and joint angles
measure: Examine longitudinal differences between Groups 1 and 2
time frame: Anticipated Year 2 through 4
description: To examine longitudinal changes in force modulation and joint angles at 24 and 30 months
arm group label: Group 1
arm group type: No Intervention
description: Term
arm group label: Group 2
arm group type: No Intervention
description: Preterm
arm group label: Group 3
arm group type: Experimental
description: Term
arm group label: Group 4
arm group type: Experimental
description: Preterm
intervention type: Device
intervention name: FlexiMitt
description: The proposed research designs and fabricates a new technological innovation in wearable soft-sensors, called flexi-mitts, for measuring force modulation and joint angles of the hand (wrist and fingers) of toddlers.
arm group label: Group 3
arm group label: Group 4
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 13 Months
maximum age: 60 Months
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Eugene Goldfield, Ph.D.
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
facility: 
facility: 
country: United States
citation: Lawn JE, Kinney M. Preterm birth: now the leading cause of child death worldwide. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Nov 19;6(263):263ed21. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa2563. No abstract available.
PMID: 25411468
citation: Rubens CE, Sadovsky Y, Muglia L, Gravett MG, Lackritz E, Gravett C. Prevention of preterm birth: harnessing science to address the global epidemic. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Nov 12;6(262):262sr5. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009871.
PMID: 25391484
citation: Back SA. Cerebral white and gray matter injury in newborns: new insights into pathophysiology and management. Clin Perinatol. 2014 Mar;41(1):1-24. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2013.11.001.
PMID: 24524444
citation: Gordon AM, Duff SV. Fingertip forces during object manipulation in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. I: anticipatory scaling. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1999 Mar;41(3):166-75. doi: 10.1017/s0012162299000353.
PMID: 10210249
citation: Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, Shankaran S, Laptook AR, Walsh MC, Hale EC, Newman NS, Schibler K, Carlo WA, Kennedy KA, Poindexter BB, Finer NN, Ehrenkranz RA, Duara S, Sanchez PJ, O'Shea TM, Goldberg RN, Van Meurs KP, Faix RG, Phelps DL, Frantz ID 3rd, Watterberg KL, Saha S, Das A, Higgins RD; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Pediatrics. 2010 Sep;126(3):443-56. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2959. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
PMID: 20732945
citation: Nordstrand L, Holmefur M, Kits A, Eliasson AC. Improvements in bimanual hand function after baby-CIMT in two-year old children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A retrospective study. Res Dev Disabil. 2015 Jun-Jul;41-42:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 Jun 19.
PMID: 26100242
citation: Ulrich BD. Opportunities for early intervention based on theory, basic neuroscience, and clinical science. Phys Ther. 2010 Dec;90(12):1868-80. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100040. Epub 2010 Oct 21.
PMID: 20966210
citation: Adolph KE, Berger SE, Leo AJ. Developmental continuity? Crawling, cruising, and walking. Dev Sci. 2011 Mar;14(2):306-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00981.x.
PMID: 21399716
citation: Goldfield EC, Wolff PH. A dynamical systems perspective on infant action and it's development. Oxford Wiley-Blackwell; 2004
citation: Thelen E, Smith L. A dynamic systems approach to the development of cognition and action. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 1994
citation: Slota GP, Latash ML, Zatsiorsky VM. Grip forces during object manipulation: experiment, mathematical model, and validation. Exp Brain Res. 2011 Aug;213(1):125-39. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2784-y. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
PMID: 21735245
citation: Santello M, Baud-Bovy G, Jorntell H. Neural bases of hand synergies. Front Comput Neurosci. 2013 Apr 8;7:23. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00023. eCollection 2013.
PMID: 23579545
citation: Eliasson AC, Gordon AM, Forssberg H. Basic co-ordination of manipulative forces of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1991 Aug;33(8):661-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14943.x.
PMID: 1916022
citation: Forssberg H, Eliasson AC, Kinoshita H, Johansson RS, Westling G. Development of human precision grip. I: Basic coordination of force. Exp Brain Res. 1991;85(2):451-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00229422.
PMID: 1893993
citation: Yoshikawa T, Nagai K. Manipulating and grasping forces in manipulation by multifingered robot hands. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation 7:67-77, 1991.
citation: Chen YP, Keen R, Rosander K, von Hofsten C. Movement planning reflects skill level and age changes in toddlers. Child Dev. 2010 Nov-Dec;81(6):1846-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01514.x.
PMID: 21077868
citation: Jung WP, Kahrs BA, Lockman JJ. Manual action, fitting, and spatial planning: relating objects by young children. Cognition. 2015 Jan;134:128-39. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.09.004. Epub 2014 Oct 19.
PMID: 25460386
citation: Park WL, Chen BR, Wood RJ. Design and fabrication of soft artificial skin using embedded micro channels and liquid conductors. IEEE Sensors Journal 12(8):2711-2718, 2012.
citation: Park YL, Majidi C, Kramer R, Berard P, Wood RJ. Hyperelastic pressure sensing with a liquid-embedded elastomer. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 20(12), 2010.
citation: Majidi C, Kramer R, Wood RJ. A non-differential elastomer curvature sensor for softer-than-skin electronics. Smart Materials and Structures 20(10), 2011
citation: Vogt D, Park YL, Wood RJ. Design and characterization of a soft multi-axis force sensor using embedded microfluidic channels. IEEE Sensors Journal 13(10):4056-4064, 2013
citation: Endo Y, Tada M, Mochimaru M. Dhaiba: Development of Virtual Ergonomic Assessment System with Human Models Digital Human Modeling 1-8, 2014.
citation: Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological) 57(1):289-300, 1995.
citation: Diggle P, Liang K-Y, Zeger SL. Analysis of longitudinal data. Clarendon Press; 1994.
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Wyss Institute at Harvard University
investigator full name: Eugene Goldfield
investigator title: Associate Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry
mesh term: Birth Weight