<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03004859</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>15-073 AF-Stroke</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT03004859</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Opportunistic Screening in Pharmacies for Atrial Fibrillation in Seniors (&gt;65 Years)</brief_title>
  <acronym>AF-Stroke</acronym>
  <official_title>Eine Beobachtungsstudie Zur Erfassung Von (Asymptomatischem)Vorhofflimmern Mittels Eines Gelegenheitsscreenings älteren Menschen ab 65 Jahren</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>RWTH Aachen University</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Apothekerverband Aachen e.V.</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Pfizer</agency>
      <agency_class>Industry</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>RWTH Aachen University</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in Germany and is associated with an&#xD;
      increased risk of thromboembolic stroke. The risk to suffer from AF increases with age. Early&#xD;
      detection of AF and anticoagulation seem the most effective way of preventing ischaemic&#xD;
      stroke in patients at risk. The guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology recommend&#xD;
      opportunistic screening for AF by pulse check at each general practitioner visit for all&#xD;
      patients aged 65 years or older.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The objective of this study was to test whether an opportunistic AF screening with a&#xD;
      hand-held diagnostic tool in a German pharmacy setting is useful in detecting unknown AF&#xD;
      among people in the age of 65 and older. Besides a pulse palpation with a hand-held ECG-stick&#xD;
      the screening in the pharmacies also includes a questionnaire related to demographics and&#xD;
      medical history of the subject as well as several questions concerning the stroke risk&#xD;
      stratification (CHA₂DS₂-VASc). Every subject with a positive test result (indication on AF)&#xD;
      is insistently asked to make an appointment with his or her general practitioner. The subject&#xD;
      receives an information letter for his or her general practitioner that adverts to the&#xD;
      positive screening result and the necessity of further diagnostic Investigation.&#xD;
&#xD;
      In order to assess the incidence of unknown AF as well as accomplish the secondary objectives&#xD;
      of this study, two follow-ups by means of telephone interviews are performed. First, all&#xD;
      subjects with a positive test result are called 8 weeks after the screening in the pharmacies&#xD;
      was conducted. The subject is asked several questions concerning personal data/demographics,&#xD;
      the stroke risk (CHA₂DS₂-VASc), the medical history regarding to dyspnea and stroke, the&#xD;
      bleeding risk (HAS-Bled), the medication, the device, diagnostic, the therapy, the&#xD;
      Intervention and the mace. 12 months after the screening in the pharmacies was performed, all&#xD;
      participating subjects were called. The list of questions is similar to the one that is used&#xD;
      during the first telephone interviews after eight weeks.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 2017</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">August 22, 2018</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">August 22, 2018</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational [Patient Registry]</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Cohort</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Prospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <target_duration>12 Months</target_duration>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of newly detected atrial fibrillation in adults from the age of 65 by means of an opportunistic screening with an ECG hand-held diagnostic tool in a pharmacy setting</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>The data is going to be collected in a screening period of two weeks in an urban pharmacy setting and a screening period of two weeks of data collection in a more rural pharmacy setting</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The subject's behavior change regarding diagnosis and therapy from the ECG measurement at pharmacy at 8 weeks and 12 months.</measure>
    <time_frame>8 weeks and 12 Months</time_frame>
    <description>The subject's behavior change is measured by means of a questionnaire, compiled by the research team. The questionnaire is used during the telephone interviews 8 eight weeks and 12 months. The questionnaire includes questions related to personal data/demographics, the stroke risk (CHA₂DS₂-VASc), the medical history regarding to dyspnea and stroke, the bleeding risk (HAS-Bled), the medication, the device, diagnostic, the therapy, the Intervention and the mace.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Identification and description of new therapeutic measures.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 Months</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>2</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Actual">7606</enrollment>
  <condition>Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Adults Aged ≥ 65</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Adults ≥ 65 with a positive test result</arm_group_label>
    <description>Adults ≥ 65 that are got a positive test result were asked to visit their general practitioner and are called for an interview two times, 8 weeks and 12 months after the screening in the pharmacy. The results of the data collection and screening in the pharmacies as well as of the two telephone interviews are compared to the results of the adults ≥ 65 with a negative test result.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Adults ≥ 65 with a negative test result</arm_group_label>
    <description>Adults ≥ 65 that are got a negative test result are called for an interview 12 months after the screening in the pharmacy. The results of the data collection and screening in the pharmacy as well as of the telephone interview are compared to the results of the adults ≥ 65 with a positive test result.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        All pharmacy customers (male and female) of 65 years and above that meet the inclusion&#xD;
        criteria and are not affected by the exclusion criteria are allowed to participate in this&#xD;
        study.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  At least 65 years or older&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Signed informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Signed subject information&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Insufficient language skills&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Limited cognitive abilities&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Limited physical abilities (i.e. tremor)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>65 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Nikolaus Marx, Professor</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Head of the Clinic for Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Medicine</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Uniklinium RWTH Aachen</name>
      <address>
        <city>Aachen</city>
        <zip>52074</zip>
        <country>Germany</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Germany</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>European Heart Rhythm Association; European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery; Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, Van Gelder IC, Al-Attar N, Hindricks G, Prendergast B, Heidbuchel H, Alfieri O, Angelini A, Atar D, Colonna P, De Caterina R, De Sutter J, Goette A, Gorenek B, Heldal M, Hohloser SH, Kolh P, Le Heuzey JY, Ponikowski P, Rutten FH. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010 Oct;31(19):2369-429. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq278. Epub 2010 Aug 29. No abstract available. Erratum In: Eur Heart J. 2011 May;32(9):1172.</citation>
    <PMID>20802247</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Chugh SS, Blackshear JL, Shen WK, Hammill SC, Gersh BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Feb;37(2):371-8. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01107-4.</citation>
    <PMID>11216949</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Heeringa J, van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, Kors JA, van Herpen G, Stricker BH, Stijnen T, Lip GY, Witteman JC. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2006 Apr;27(8):949-53. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi825. Epub 2006 Mar 9.</citation>
    <PMID>16527828</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kaasenbrood F, Hollander M, Rutten FH, Gerhards LJ, Hoes AW, Tieleman RG. Yield of screening for atrial fibrillation in primary care with a hand-held, single-lead electrocardiogram device during influenza vaccination. Europace. 2016 Oct;18(10):1514-1520. doi: 10.1093/europace/euv426. Epub 2016 Feb 6.</citation>
    <PMID>26851813</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lip GY, Frison L, Halperin JL, Lane DA. Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: the HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drugs/Alcohol Concomitantly) score. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Jan 11;57(2):173-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.024. Epub 2010 Nov 24.</citation>
    <PMID>21111555</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation. Chest. 2010 Feb;137(2):263-72. doi: 10.1378/chest.09-1584. Epub 2009 Sep 17.</citation>
    <PMID>19762550</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, D'Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Beiser A, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2004 Aug 31;110(9):1042-6. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000140263.20897.42. Epub 2004 Aug 16.</citation>
    <PMID>15313941</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lowres N, Krass I, Neubeck L, Redfern J, McLachlan AJ, Bennett AA, Freedman SB. Atrial fibrillation screening in pharmacies using an iPhone ECG: a qualitative review of implementation. Int J Clin Pharm. 2015 Dec;37(6):1111-20. doi: 10.1007/s11096-015-0169-1. Epub 2015 Jul 23.</citation>
    <PMID>26202627</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Lowres N, Neubeck L, Redfern J, Freedman SB. Screening to identify unknown atrial fibrillation. A systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2013 Aug;110(2):213-22. doi: 10.1160/TH13-02-0165. Epub 2013 Apr 18.</citation>
    <PMID>23595785</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Caso V, Venti M, Milia P, Silvestrelli G, Parnetti L, Biagini S. Atrial fibrillation in patients with first-ever stroke: frequency, antithrombotic treatment before the event and effect on clinical outcome. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Jun;3(6):1218-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01344.x. Epub 2005 May 9.</citation>
    <PMID>15892862</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJ, Lip GY. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest. 2010 Nov;138(5):1093-100. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-0134. Epub 2010 Mar 18.</citation>
    <PMID>20299623</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Schnabel RB, Wilde S, Wild PS, Munzel T, Blankenberg S. Atrial fibrillation: its prevalence and risk factor profile in the German general population. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2012 Apr;109(16):293-9. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2012.0293. Epub 2012 Apr 20.</citation>
    <PMID>22577476</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, McMurray JJ. A population-based study of the long-term risks associated with atrial fibrillation: 20-year follow-up of the Renfrew/Paisley study. Am J Med. 2002 Oct 1;113(5):359-64. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01236-6.</citation>
    <PMID>12401529</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Svennberg E, Engdahl J, Al-Khalili F, Friberg L, Frykman V, Rosenqvist M. Mass Screening for Untreated Atrial Fibrillation: The STROKESTOP Study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 23;131(25):2176-84. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014343. Epub 2015 Apr 24.</citation>
    <PMID>25910800</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tieleman RG, Plantinga Y, Rinkes D, Bartels GL, Posma JL, Cator R, Hofman C, Houben RP. Validation and clinical use of a novel diagnostic device for screening of atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2014 Sep;16(9):1291-5. doi: 10.1093/europace/euu057. Epub 2014 May 13.</citation>
    <PMID>24825766</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Vaes B, Stalpaert S, Tavernier K, Thaels B, Lapeire D, Mullens W, Degryse J. The diagnostic accuracy of the MyDiagnostick to detect atrial fibrillation in primary care. BMC Fam Pract. 2014 Jun 9;15:113. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-15-113.</citation>
    <PMID>24913608</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991 Aug;22(8):983-8. doi: 10.1161/01.str.22.8.983.</citation>
    <PMID>1866765</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>April 2018</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>November 14, 2016</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 22, 2016</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">December 29, 2016</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 10, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 10, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 11, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>RWTH Aachen University</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Nikolaus Marx</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Univ. Professor Dr. med.</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>atrial fibrillation</keyword>
  <keyword>screening</keyword>
  <keyword>electrocardiogram</keyword>
  <keyword>community pharmacy</keyword>
  <keyword>Germany</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Atrial Fibrillation</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03004859
org study id: 15-073 AF-Stroke
nct id: NCT03004859
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in Germany and is associated with an
      increased risk of thromboembolic stroke. The risk to suffer from AF increases with age. Early
      detection of AF and anticoagulation seem the most effective way of preventing ischaemic
      stroke in patients at risk. The guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology recommend
      opportunistic screening for AF by pulse check at each general practitioner visit for all
      patients aged 65 years or older.

      The objective of this study was to test whether an opportunistic AF screening with a
      hand-held diagnostic tool in a German pharmacy setting is useful in detecting unknown AF
      among people in the age of 65 and older. Besides a pulse palpation with a hand-held ECG-stick
      the screening in the pharmacies also includes a questionnaire related to demographics and
      medical history of the subject as well as several questions concerning the stroke risk
      stratification (CHA₂DS₂-VASc). Every subject with a positive test result (indication on AF)
      is insistently asked to make an appointment with his or her general practitioner. The subject
      receives an information letter for his or her general practitioner that adverts to the
      positive screening result and the necessity of further diagnostic Investigation.

      In order to assess the incidence of unknown AF as well as accomplish the secondary objectives
      of this study, two follow-ups by means of telephone interviews are performed. First, all
      subjects with a positive test result are called 8 weeks after the screening in the pharmacies
      was conducted. The subject is asked several questions concerning personal data/demographics,
      the stroke risk (CHA₂DS₂-VASc), the medical history regarding to dyspnea and stroke, the
      bleeding risk (HAS-Bled), the medication, the device, diagnostic, the therapy, the
      Intervention and the mace. 12 months after the screening in the pharmacies was performed, all
      participating subjects were called. The list of questions is similar to the one that is used
      during the first telephone interviews after eight weeks.
observational model: Cohort
time perspective: Prospective
measure: Number of newly detected atrial fibrillation in adults from the age of 65 by means of an opportunistic screening with an ECG hand-held diagnostic tool in a pharmacy setting
time frame: 12 months
description: The data is going to be collected in a screening period of two weeks in an urban pharmacy setting and a screening period of two weeks of data collection in a more rural pharmacy setting
measure: The subject's behavior change regarding diagnosis and therapy from the ECG measurement at pharmacy at 8 weeks and 12 months.
time frame: 8 weeks and 12 Months
description: The subject's behavior change is measured by means of a questionnaire, compiled by the research team. The questionnaire is used during the telephone interviews 8 eight weeks and 12 months. The questionnaire includes questions related to personal data/demographics, the stroke risk (CHA₂DS₂-VASc), the medical history regarding to dyspnea and stroke, the bleeding risk (HAS-Bled), the medication, the device, diagnostic, the therapy, the Intervention and the mace.
measure: Identification and description of new therapeutic measures.
time frame: 12 Months
arm group label: Adults ≥ 65 with a positive test result
description: Adults ≥ 65 that are got a positive test result were asked to visit their general practitioner and are called for an interview two times, 8 weeks and 12 months after the screening in the pharmacy. The results of the data collection and screening in the pharmacies as well as of the two telephone interviews are compared to the results of the adults ≥ 65 with a negative test result.
arm group label: Adults ≥ 65 with a negative test result
description: Adults ≥ 65 that are got a negative test result are called for an interview 12 months after the screening in the pharmacy. The results of the data collection and screening in the pharmacy as well as of the telephone interview are compared to the results of the adults ≥ 65 with a positive test result.
study pop: 
sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 65 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Nikolaus Marx, Professor
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Head of the Clinic for Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Medicine
facility: 
country: Germany
citation: European Heart Rhythm Association; European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery; Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, Van Gelder IC, Al-Attar N, Hindricks G, Prendergast B, Heidbuchel H, Alfieri O, Angelini A, Atar D, Colonna P, De Caterina R, De Sutter J, Goette A, Gorenek B, Heldal M, Hohloser SH, Kolh P, Le Heuzey JY, Ponikowski P, Rutten FH. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010 Oct;31(19):2369-429. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq278. Epub 2010 Aug 29. No abstract available. Erratum In: Eur Heart J. 2011 May;32(9):1172.
PMID: 20802247
citation: Chugh SS, Blackshear JL, Shen WK, Hammill SC, Gersh BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Feb;37(2):371-8. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01107-4.
PMID: 11216949
citation: Heeringa J, van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, Kors JA, van Herpen G, Stricker BH, Stijnen T, Lip GY, Witteman JC. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2006 Apr;27(8):949-53. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi825. Epub 2006 Mar 9.
PMID: 16527828
citation: Kaasenbrood F, Hollander M, Rutten FH, Gerhards LJ, Hoes AW, Tieleman RG. Yield of screening for atrial fibrillation in primary care with a hand-held, single-lead electrocardiogram device during influenza vaccination. Europace. 2016 Oct;18(10):1514-1520. doi: 10.1093/europace/euv426. Epub 2016 Feb 6.
PMID: 26851813
citation: Lip GY, Frison L, Halperin JL, Lane DA. Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: the HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drugs/Alcohol Concomitantly) score. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Jan 11;57(2):173-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.024. Epub 2010 Nov 24.
PMID: 21111555
citation: Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation. Chest. 2010 Feb;137(2):263-72. doi: 10.1378/chest.09-1584. Epub 2009 Sep 17.
PMID: 19762550
citation: Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, Larson MG, Levy D, Vasan RS, D'Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Beiser A, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2004 Aug 31;110(9):1042-6. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000140263.20897.42. Epub 2004 Aug 16.
PMID: 15313941
citation: Lowres N, Krass I, Neubeck L, Redfern J, McLachlan AJ, Bennett AA, Freedman SB. Atrial fibrillation screening in pharmacies using an iPhone ECG: a qualitative review of implementation. Int J Clin Pharm. 2015 Dec;37(6):1111-20. doi: 10.1007/s11096-015-0169-1. Epub 2015 Jul 23.
PMID: 26202627
citation: Lowres N, Neubeck L, Redfern J, Freedman SB. Screening to identify unknown atrial fibrillation. A systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2013 Aug;110(2):213-22. doi: 10.1160/TH13-02-0165. Epub 2013 Apr 18.
PMID: 23595785
citation: Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Caso V, Venti M, Milia P, Silvestrelli G, Parnetti L, Biagini S. Atrial fibrillation in patients with first-ever stroke: frequency, antithrombotic treatment before the event and effect on clinical outcome. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Jun;3(6):1218-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01344.x. Epub 2005 May 9.
PMID: 15892862
citation: Pisters R, Lane DA, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJ, Lip GY. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest. 2010 Nov;138(5):1093-100. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-0134. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
PMID: 20299623
citation: Schnabel RB, Wilde S, Wild PS, Munzel T, Blankenberg S. Atrial fibrillation: its prevalence and risk factor profile in the German general population. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2012 Apr;109(16):293-9. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2012.0293. Epub 2012 Apr 20.
PMID: 22577476
citation: Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, McMurray JJ. A population-based study of the long-term risks associated with atrial fibrillation: 20-year follow-up of the Renfrew/Paisley study. Am J Med. 2002 Oct 1;113(5):359-64. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01236-6.
PMID: 12401529
citation: Svennberg E, Engdahl J, Al-Khalili F, Friberg L, Frykman V, Rosenqvist M. Mass Screening for Untreated Atrial Fibrillation: The STROKESTOP Study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 23;131(25):2176-84. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014343. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
PMID: 25910800
citation: Tieleman RG, Plantinga Y, Rinkes D, Bartels GL, Posma JL, Cator R, Hofman C, Houben RP. Validation and clinical use of a novel diagnostic device for screening of atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2014 Sep;16(9):1291-5. doi: 10.1093/europace/euu057. Epub 2014 May 13.
PMID: 24825766
citation: Vaes B, Stalpaert S, Tavernier K, Thaels B, Lapeire D, Mullens W, Degryse J. The diagnostic accuracy of the MyDiagnostick to detect atrial fibrillation in primary care. BMC Fam Pract. 2014 Jun 9;15:113. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-15-113.
PMID: 24913608
citation: Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991 Aug;22(8):983-8. doi: 10.1161/01.str.22.8.983.
PMID: 1866765
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: RWTH Aachen University
investigator full name: Nikolaus Marx
investigator title: Univ. Professor Dr. med.
mesh term: Atrial Fibrillation
sharing ipd: Undecided