<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02992821</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>LS_Carot_16</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02992821</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Pocket Sized Carotid Stenosis Screening by Junior Doctors</brief_title>
  <official_title>Screening Patients Admitted With Stroke or TIA for Carotid Stenosis by Pocked-Sized Ultrasound in Inexperienced Hands and With Novel Doppler Technology</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Helse Nord-Trøndelag HF</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Norwegian University of Science and Technology</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>St. Olavs Hospital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Helse Nord-Trøndelag HF</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Among patients admitted with cerebral ischemia (stroke and transitory ischemic attack (TIA))&#xD;
      it is important to reveal the underlying cause of the disease. In special it is important to&#xD;
      reveal if carotid artery stenosis is present as such a finding will directly influence on&#xD;
      treatment and follow-up.&#xD;
&#xD;
      For the diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis ultrasound examinations&#xD;
      is the cornerstone, but computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be better in&#xD;
      some cases. Development of high quality pocket-sized ultrasound scanners has allowed for semi&#xD;
      quantitatively bed-side assessment of the carotid arteries and the heart.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators aim to study the feasibility and reliability of bed-side assessment of the&#xD;
      carotid arteries by pocket-sized ultrasound scanners in inexperienced hands and the clinical&#xD;
      influence of this examination when performed by experienced users.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators hypothesize that a significant proportion of this patient population can be&#xD;
      clarified bed-side by junior doctors with no need of further imaging procedures for the&#xD;
      assessment of the carotid arteries and the heart.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Population: Approximately 100 patients admitted to the Department of Medicine, Levanger&#xD;
      Hospital and Stroke Department, St. Olavs Hospital with history and findings suspicious of&#xD;
      stroke/transitory ischemic attack (TIA). Informed consent mandatory.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Exclusion criteria: CT angiography of carotid vessels performed after index event, unless all&#xD;
      participating clinicians are fully blinded to the results.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Hypotheses:&#xD;
&#xD;
      The carotid arteries can be assessed bed-side by pocket-size ultrasound scanners with high&#xD;
      feasibility and reliability by junior doctors with limited training.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Bed-side assessment of the carotid arteries by pocket-size ultrasound scanners may reduce the&#xD;
      need for more advanced (higher cost) imaging procedures.&#xD;
&#xD;
      New high frame rate tracking doppler can increase accuracy and reproducability of stenosis&#xD;
      grading.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Methods:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Pocket-size imaging device from GE Ultrasound, commercial available. Approved for clinical&#xD;
      use. High-end carotid Doppler ultrasound by high-end equipment (GE Vivid 9) and computer&#xD;
      tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at the Department of Radiology, Levanger Hospital&#xD;
      and St. Olavs Hospital Verasonics research scanner for high fram rate imaging&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">December 2016</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">July 2018</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">July 2018</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Diagnostic</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of patients without need for further diagnostic imaging</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>Proportion of patients which is not in need of further imaging procedures of the carotid arteries after bed-side diagnostic ultrasound performed by junior doctors with with pocket-sized scanner</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Reliability of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>The accuracy of semi quantitatively classifications (like i.e. non-significant atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries vs significant stenosis of the carotid arteries) of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners compared with reference methods performed by experienced personnel</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Proportion of interpretable examinations with bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>Proportion of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners of sufficient quality compared with reference imaging methods. Quality includes both to what extent the specific structure can be completely assessed, and to what degree the recordings can be interpreted by the operator. Structures and specific functions to be tested: carotid arteries with respect to degree of atherosclerosis and stenosis</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Time use of junior doctors performing carotid ultrasound with pocket-sized scanners.</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>Total time used to record the ultrasound images of the carotid arteries by the junior doctors with pocket-sized ultrasound equipment.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Accuracy of high frame rate tracking doppler compared to conventional doppler measurements and computed tomography for grading carotid stenosis.</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>Accuracy of velocity measurements with high frame rate tracking doppler for judging degree of stenosis compared to conventional pulsed wave doppler and computed tomography angiography</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Clinical influence of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries in patients admitted with symptoms of stroke</measure>
    <time_frame>The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days</time_frame>
    <description>In addition to what described in the primary measure it will be of interest to study predictors of clinical influence of different patient characteristics as age, sex, history, anatomic localization of the vascular event, medication, heart rhythms, ECG findings). Furthermore, the influence on the total cost will be studied.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">75</enrollment>
  <condition>Ischemic Attack, Transient</condition>
  <condition>Transient Ischemic Attack</condition>
  <condition>Stroke</condition>
  <condition>Cerebrovascular Accident</condition>
  <condition>Cerebrovascular Apoplexy</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>All participants will be examined bed-side by pocket size ultrasound for the assessment of the carotid arteries by junior doctors. All participants will then be examined by reference imaging in specific ultrasound laboratories with conventional high end equipment and new doppler techniques and when appropriate computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Bed-side pocket size ultrasound imaging</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>GE Ultrasound V-scan Duo probe</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Procedure</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>High frame rate tracking doppler</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Verasonics research scanner</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Admitted to the Department of Medicine with history and findings suspicious of&#xD;
             (transient) cerebrovascular ischemia and willing and able to give their informed&#xD;
             written consent&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Evaluation of carotid artery stenosis by imaging (CT, MRI or ultrasound) performed&#xD;
             during the stay prior to inclusion.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Havard Dalen, MD, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Norwegian University of Science and Tehnology</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Department of Medicine, Hospital of Levanger</name>
      <address>
        <city>Levanger</city>
        <zip>7600</zip>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>St. Olav University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Trondheim</city>
        <zip>7491</zip>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Norway</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Pepi M, Evangelista A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Flachskampf FA, Athanassopoulos G, Colonna P, Habib G, Ringelstein EB, Sicari R, Zamorano JL, Sitges M, Caso P; European Association of Echocardiography. Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sources of embolism: European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) (a registered branch of the ESC). Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010 Jul;11(6):461-76. doi: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq045.</citation>
    <PMID>20702884</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, Bravata DM, Chimowitz MI, Ezekowitz MD, Fang MC, Fisher M, Furie KL, Heck DV, Johnston SC, Kasner SE, Kittner SJ, Mitchell PH, Rich MW, Richardson D, Schwamm LH, Wilson JA; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2160-236. doi: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000024. Epub 2014 May 1. Erratum In: Stroke. 2015 Feb;46(2):e54.</citation>
    <PMID>24788967</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, Appel LJ, Braun LT, Chaturvedi S, Creager MA, Culebras A, Eckel RH, Hart RG, Hinchey JA, Howard VJ, Jauch EC, Levine SR, Meschia JF, Moore WS, Nixon JV, Pearson TA; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council for High Blood Pressure Research,; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011 Feb;42(2):517-84. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181fcb238. Epub 2010 Dec 2. Erratum In: Stroke. 2011 Feb;42(2):e26.</citation>
    <PMID>21127304</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Mjolstad OC, Dalen H, Graven T, Kleinau JO, Salvesen O, Haugen BO. Routinely adding ultrasound examinations by pocket-sized ultrasound devices improves inpatient diagnostics in a medical department. Eur J Intern Med. 2012 Mar;23(2):185-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.10.009. Epub 2011 Nov 9.</citation>
    <PMID>22284252</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Skjetne K, Graven T, Haugen BO, Salvesen O, Kleinau JO, Dalen H. Diagnostic influence of cardiovascular screening by pocket-size ultrasound in a cardiac unit. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011 Oct;12(10):737-43. doi: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer111. Epub 2011 Aug 4.</citation>
    <PMID>21821611</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Fredriksen TD, Avdal J, Ekroll IK, Dahl T, Lovstakken L, Torp H. Investigations of spectral resolution and angle dependency in a 2-D tracking Doppler method. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2014 Jul;61(7):1161-70. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2014.3015.</citation>
    <PMID>24960705</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>March 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>December 5, 2016</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 12, 2016</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">December 14, 2016</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>March 27, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>March 27, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">March 28, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Hand-held</keyword>
  <keyword>Ultrasound</keyword>
  <keyword>Diagnosis</keyword>
  <keyword>Carotid artery stenosis</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Stroke</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Ischemic Attack, Transient</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Carotid Stenosis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Ischemia</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Constriction, Pathologic</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>Undecided</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>Depending on university's progress for IPD</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02992821
org study id: LS_Carot_16
nct id: NCT02992821
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
Among patients admitted with cerebral ischemia (stroke and transitory ischemic attack (TIA))
      it is important to reveal the underlying cause of the disease. In special it is important to
      reveal if carotid artery stenosis is present as such a finding will directly influence on
      treatment and follow-up.

      For the diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis ultrasound examinations
      is the cornerstone, but computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be better in
      some cases. Development of high quality pocket-sized ultrasound scanners has allowed for semi
      quantitatively bed-side assessment of the carotid arteries and the heart.

      The investigators aim to study the feasibility and reliability of bed-side assessment of the
      carotid arteries by pocket-sized ultrasound scanners in inexperienced hands and the clinical
      influence of this examination when performed by experienced users.

      The investigators hypothesize that a significant proportion of this patient population can be
      clarified bed-side by junior doctors with no need of further imaging procedures for the
      assessment of the carotid arteries and the heart.
Population: Approximately 100 patients admitted to the Department of Medicine, Levanger
      Hospital and Stroke Department, St. Olavs Hospital with history and findings suspicious of
      stroke/transitory ischemic attack (TIA). Informed consent mandatory.

      Exclusion criteria: CT angiography of carotid vessels performed after index event, unless all
      participating clinicians are fully blinded to the results.

      Hypotheses:

      The carotid arteries can be assessed bed-side by pocket-size ultrasound scanners with high
      feasibility and reliability by junior doctors with limited training.

      Bed-side assessment of the carotid arteries by pocket-size ultrasound scanners may reduce the
      need for more advanced (higher cost) imaging procedures.

      New high frame rate tracking doppler can increase accuracy and reproducability of stenosis
      grading.

      Methods:

      Pocket-size imaging device from GE Ultrasound, commercial available. Approved for clinical
      use. High-end carotid Doppler ultrasound by high-end equipment (GE Vivid 9) and computer
      tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at the Department of Radiology, Levanger Hospital
      and St. Olavs Hospital Verasonics research scanner for high fram rate imaging
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
primary purpose: Diagnostic
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Proportion of patients without need for further diagnostic imaging
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: Proportion of patients which is not in need of further imaging procedures of the carotid arteries after bed-side diagnostic ultrasound performed by junior doctors with with pocket-sized scanner
measure: Reliability of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: The accuracy of semi quantitatively classifications (like i.e. non-significant atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries vs significant stenosis of the carotid arteries) of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners compared with reference methods performed by experienced personnel
measure: Proportion of interpretable examinations with bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: Proportion of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries performed by junior doctors with pocket-sized scanners of sufficient quality compared with reference imaging methods. Quality includes both to what extent the specific structure can be completely assessed, and to what degree the recordings can be interpreted by the operator. Structures and specific functions to be tested: carotid arteries with respect to degree of atherosclerosis and stenosis
measure: Time use of junior doctors performing carotid ultrasound with pocket-sized scanners.
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: Total time used to record the ultrasound images of the carotid arteries by the junior doctors with pocket-sized ultrasound equipment.
measure: Accuracy of high frame rate tracking doppler compared to conventional doppler measurements and computed tomography for grading carotid stenosis.
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: Accuracy of velocity measurements with high frame rate tracking doppler for judging degree of stenosis compared to conventional pulsed wave doppler and computed tomography angiography
measure: Clinical influence of bed-side ultrasound examinations of the carotid arteries in patients admitted with symptoms of stroke
time frame: The participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of approximately 4 days
description: In addition to what described in the primary measure it will be of interest to study predictors of clinical influence of different patient characteristics as age, sex, history, anatomic localization of the vascular event, medication, heart rhythms, ECG findings). Furthermore, the influence on the total cost will be studied.
arm group label: Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound
arm group type: Experimental
description: All participants will be examined bed-side by pocket size ultrasound for the assessment of the carotid arteries by junior doctors. All participants will then be examined by reference imaging in specific ultrasound laboratories with conventional high end equipment and new doppler techniques and when appropriate computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: Bed-side pocket size ultrasound imaging
arm group label: Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound
other name: GE Ultrasound V-scan Duo probe
intervention type: Procedure
intervention name: High frame rate tracking doppler
arm group label: Bed-side pocket-size ultrasound
other name: Verasonics research scanner
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Havard Dalen, MD, PhD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Norwegian University of Science and Tehnology
facility: 
facility: 
country: Norway
citation: Pepi M, Evangelista A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Flachskampf FA, Athanassopoulos G, Colonna P, Habib G, Ringelstein EB, Sicari R, Zamorano JL, Sitges M, Caso P; European Association of Echocardiography. Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sources of embolism: European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) (a registered branch of the ESC). Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010 Jul;11(6):461-76. doi: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq045.
PMID: 20702884
citation: Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, Bravata DM, Chimowitz MI, Ezekowitz MD, Fang MC, Fisher M, Furie KL, Heck DV, Johnston SC, Kasner SE, Kittner SJ, Mitchell PH, Rich MW, Richardson D, Schwamm LH, Wilson JA; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2160-236. doi: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000024. Epub 2014 May 1. Erratum In: Stroke. 2015 Feb;46(2):e54.
PMID: 24788967
citation: Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, Appel LJ, Braun LT, Chaturvedi S, Creager MA, Culebras A, Eckel RH, Hart RG, Hinchey JA, Howard VJ, Jauch EC, Levine SR, Meschia JF, Moore WS, Nixon JV, Pearson TA; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council for High Blood Pressure Research,; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011 Feb;42(2):517-84. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181fcb238. Epub 2010 Dec 2. Erratum In: Stroke. 2011 Feb;42(2):e26.
PMID: 21127304
citation: Mjolstad OC, Dalen H, Graven T, Kleinau JO, Salvesen O, Haugen BO. Routinely adding ultrasound examinations by pocket-sized ultrasound devices improves inpatient diagnostics in a medical department. Eur J Intern Med. 2012 Mar;23(2):185-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.10.009. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
PMID: 22284252
citation: Skjetne K, Graven T, Haugen BO, Salvesen O, Kleinau JO, Dalen H. Diagnostic influence of cardiovascular screening by pocket-size ultrasound in a cardiac unit. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011 Oct;12(10):737-43. doi: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer111. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
PMID: 21821611
citation: Fredriksen TD, Avdal J, Ekroll IK, Dahl T, Lovstakken L, Torp H. Investigations of spectral resolution and angle dependency in a 2-D tracking Doppler method. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2014 Jul;61(7):1161-70. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2014.3015.
PMID: 24960705
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Stroke
mesh term: Ischemic Attack, Transient
mesh term: Carotid Stenosis
mesh term: Ischemia
mesh term: Constriction, Pathologic
sharing ipd: Undecided
ipd description: Depending on university's progress for IPD