<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02981667</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>astorino1</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02981667</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Higher Enjoyment in Response to High Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise</brief_title>
  <official_title>Enjoyment Responses to High Intensity Interval Training and Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>California State University, San Marcos</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>California State University, San Marcos</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Previous research is equivocal concerning if high intensity interval training is viewed as&#xD;
      more aversive versus moderate exercise. Our data in active men and women showed that interval&#xD;
      training is viewed as more enjoyable than higher volume moderate exercise.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Twelve men and women who were habitually active initially performed ramp exercise on a cycle&#xD;
      ergometer to assess maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and peak power output (PPO), which was&#xD;
      used to determine workload for the subsequent 2 bouts. They returned at least 48 h later at&#xD;
      the same time of day to complete high intensity interval training (HIIT consisting of&#xD;
      repeated 1 min bouts at 85 %PPO) or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT consisting&#xD;
      of 25 min at 40 %PPO). During exercise, heart rate, oxygen uptake, perceived exertion,&#xD;
      pleasure:displeasure, and blood lactate concentration were continuously assessed. Ten minutes&#xD;
      post-exercise, physical activity enjoyment was measured. Data showed that despite higher&#xD;
      oxygen uptake, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and perceived exertion in HIIT,&#xD;
      enjoyment was higher in HIIT versus MICT.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date>September 2015</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">December 2015</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 2015</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Case-Crossover</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Prospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Physical activity enjoyment score (PACES)</measure>
    <time_frame>This was measured 10 min post-exercise in all participants during the 3 mo of data collection.</time_frame>
    <description>This is an 18-item categorical survey used to assess participants' enjoyment of the bout of physical activity that was just completed</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Oxygen uptake</measure>
    <time_frame>Measured continuously during exercise during the 3 mo of data collection.</time_frame>
    <description>Oxygen uptake (VO2) represents mitochondrial consumption of oxygen to drive cellular metabolism generating ATP to support muscular contraction.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <number_of_groups>1</number_of_groups>
  <enrollment type="Actual">12</enrollment>
  <condition>Exercise Training</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Active men and women</arm_group_label>
    <description>Healthy, active men and women ages 18-45 yr completed 1 bout of high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous training in a randomized, crossover design.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Exercise intensity</intervention_name>
    <description>Participants were randomized to 1 or 2 exercise intensities, moderate or high (interval training).</description>
    <arm_group_label>Active men and women</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        Habitually active young men and women ages 18-45 yr&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Non-Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Habitually active, healthy, non-obese&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Sedentary, unhealthy, joint pain precluding tolerance to exercise&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>45 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <verification_date>November 2016</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>November 29, 2016</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>December 2, 2016</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">December 5, 2016</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>December 2, 2016</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>December 2, 2016</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Estimate">December 5, 2016</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>California State University, San Marcos</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Todd A. Astorino Ph.D</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Professor, Dept. of Kinesiology</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
    <ipd_description>Data are accepted for publication in PLoS One, an open-access journal, which makes the aggregate data available to all researchers.</ipd_description>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02981667
org study id: astorino1
nct id: NCT02981667
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
Previous research is equivocal concerning if high intensity interval training is viewed as
      more aversive versus moderate exercise. Our data in active men and women showed that interval
      training is viewed as more enjoyable than higher volume moderate exercise.
Twelve men and women who were habitually active initially performed ramp exercise on a cycle
      ergometer to assess maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and peak power output (PPO), which was
      used to determine workload for the subsequent 2 bouts. They returned at least 48 h later at
      the same time of day to complete high intensity interval training (HIIT consisting of
      repeated 1 min bouts at 85 %PPO) or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT consisting
      of 25 min at 40 %PPO). During exercise, heart rate, oxygen uptake, perceived exertion,
      pleasure:displeasure, and blood lactate concentration were continuously assessed. Ten minutes
      post-exercise, physical activity enjoyment was measured. Data showed that despite higher
      oxygen uptake, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and perceived exertion in HIIT,
      enjoyment was higher in HIIT versus MICT.
observational model: Case-Crossover
time perspective: Prospective
measure: Physical activity enjoyment score (PACES)
time frame: This was measured 10 min post-exercise in all participants during the 3 mo of data collection.
description: This is an 18-item categorical survey used to assess participants' enjoyment of the bout of physical activity that was just completed
measure: Oxygen uptake
time frame: Measured continuously during exercise during the 3 mo of data collection.
description: Oxygen uptake (VO2) represents mitochondrial consumption of oxygen to drive cellular metabolism generating ATP to support muscular contraction.
arm group label: Active men and women
description: Healthy, active men and women ages 18-45 yr completed 1 bout of high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous training in a randomized, crossover design.
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Exercise intensity
description: Participants were randomized to 1 or 2 exercise intensities, moderate or high (interval training).
arm group label: Active men and women
study pop: 
sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 45 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: California State University, San Marcos
investigator full name: Todd A. Astorino Ph.D
investigator title: Professor, Dept. of Kinesiology
sharing ipd: No
ipd description: Data are accepted for publication in PLoS One, an open-access journal, which makes the aggregate data available to all researchers.