<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02188069</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>H14-00968</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02188069</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Canadian SCAD Study</brief_title>
  <official_title>Canadian Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) Cohort Study</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Cardiology Research UBC</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Cardiology Research UBC</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      SCAD (Spontaneous coronary artery dissection - tear in the arterial wall that is not related&#xD;
      to trauma) is an under-diagnosed and poorly understood condition that mostly affects young&#xD;
      women without common cardiovascular risk factors, and can result in heart attack and death.&#xD;
      This observational study is designed to capture the disease's natural history and&#xD;
      predisposing arteriopathies (medical conditions resulting in changes in the arteries),&#xD;
      treatment strategies, long-term cardiovascular outcomes. It will also improve the diagnosis&#xD;
      of SCAD on coronary angiography by participating clinicians, and provide guidance on&#xD;
      investigating predisposing conditions.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Background:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an under-diagnosed and poorly understood&#xD;
      condition that frequently affects young women without conventional cardiovascular (CV) risk&#xD;
      factors, and can result in myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and death. This&#xD;
      condition has been inadequately researched, with no prospective studies evaluating management&#xD;
      strategies, assessing the presence and impact of predisposing and precipitating causes, or&#xD;
      assessing its effects on short- and long-term CV prognosis. Furthermore, many people&#xD;
      presenting with MI due to SCAD have been mis-diagnosed due to the limitations of the current&#xD;
      &quot;gold-standard&quot; diagnostic test (coronary angiography) for this condition, resulting in&#xD;
      erroneous diagnoses such as atherosclerosis, microvascular dysfunction, Takotsubo&#xD;
      cardiomyopathy, coronary artery spasm, or &quot;normal&quot; coronary arteries. As such, clinicians are&#xD;
      uncertain about how to diagnose, investigate and manage patients with SCAD, and similarly,&#xD;
      patients are uncertain about how this condition will affect their subsequent lifestyle and&#xD;
      long-term cardiac prognosis. Therefore, we propose a large prospective multicenter Canadian&#xD;
      SCAD cohort study to ascertain the natural history according to predisposing arteriopathies&#xD;
      and treatment strategy on long-term CV outcomes. The design of this study will secondarily&#xD;
      improve the diagnosis of SCAD on coronary angiography by participating clinicians, and&#xD;
      provide guidance on investigating predisposing conditions.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Preliminary Data:&#xD;
&#xD;
      We have enrolled 170 NA-SCAD patients in our registry at Vancouver General Hospital. We&#xD;
      discovered a very strong association between NA-SCAD and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), with&#xD;
      ~80% of these NA-SCAD patients diagnosed with concomitant FMD. Of patients who underwent&#xD;
      coronary angioplasty/stenting, successful and durable results occurred in only 33%. Of&#xD;
      patients treated medically, those who had repeat coronary angiograms all showed angiographic&#xD;
      healing.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Primary Objective:&#xD;
&#xD;
        1. To evaluate the overall natural history of NA-SCAD: (a) the overall in-hospital and&#xD;
           long-term CV outcomes with NA-SCAD, (b) the prevalence and effects of predisposing&#xD;
           arteriopathies on in-hospital and long-term CV outcomes, (c) the prevalence and impact&#xD;
           of precipitating stressors on in-hospital and long-term CV events.&#xD;
&#xD;
           Secondary Objectives:&#xD;
&#xD;
        2. To evaluate the in-hospital and long-term outcomes of conservative therapy and&#xD;
           revascularization in patients with NA-SCAD.&#xD;
&#xD;
        3. To evaluate the presenting angiographic patterns of NA-SCAD.&#xD;
&#xD;
        4. To assess the incidence of spontaneous arterial healing with conservative medical&#xD;
           therapy alone in NA-SCAD patients undergoing repeat angiography.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Hypotheses:&#xD;
&#xD;
        1. We hypothesize that NA-SCAD patients have a high risk of long-term recurrent CV events&#xD;
           and FMD, as the most frequently observed predisposing condition confers lower subsequent&#xD;
           risk compared to other arteriopathies, such as peripartum SCAD, with regards to CV&#xD;
           outcomes. We hypothesize that precipitating stressors are common preceding the SCAD&#xD;
           event in &gt;50% of cases.&#xD;
&#xD;
        2. We hypothesize that NA-SCAD patients have a high risk of long-term CV events, and that&#xD;
           patients who undergo revascularization have worse CV outcomes.&#xD;
&#xD;
        3. We hypothesize that the most common angiographic NA-SCAD pattern is diffuse stenosis.&#xD;
&#xD;
        4. We hypothesize that conservative medical therapy is associated with high rates of&#xD;
           spontaneous healing.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Methodology:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Prospective Canadian observational cohort study enrolling 750 consecutive patients presenting&#xD;
      with MI (NSTEMI or STEMI) due to NA-SCAD. Both women and men will be included. Rigorous&#xD;
      coronary angiographic criteria with supplementary intracoronary imaging (reviewed by core&#xD;
      laboratory) will be used for SCAD diagnosis. Detailed baseline demographics, targeted history&#xD;
      for predisposing and precipitating factors, and screening laboratory tests will be performed.&#xD;
      Patients will be prospectively followed for 3 years for CV events.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Significance:&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study will have significant impacts on the diagnosis, investigation, and management of&#xD;
      NA-SCAD. Our diagnostic algorithm will help establish guidelines on SCAD diagnosis on&#xD;
      coronary angiogram, which is currently elusive. Our rigorous clinical and laboratory&#xD;
      screening will elucidate the prevalence of predisposing arteriopathies, which will help&#xD;
      establish guidelines on investigation of SCAD patients. Knowledge of CV outcomes and natural&#xD;
      history of NA-SCAD, especially stratified to predisposing arteriopathies, will establish&#xD;
      prognosis, risk stratification, and management guidelines.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Knowledge Translation:&#xD;
&#xD;
      Our results will be disseminated to clinicians and patients through publications in&#xD;
      scientific journals, physician scientific presentations, Healthy Heart Programs, patient&#xD;
      educational sessions, educational website, and public media. Results from this study will&#xD;
      help establish national and international guidelines on the diagnosis, investigation and&#xD;
      management of NA-SCAD.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Unknown status</overall_status>
  <last_known_status>Active, not recruiting</last_known_status>
  <start_date>June 2014</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">June 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <study_type>Observational [Patient Registry]</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <observational_model>Cohort</observational_model>
    <time_perspective>Prospective</time_perspective>
  </study_design_info>
  <target_duration>3 Years</target_duration>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Composite in-hospital outcome</measure>
    <time_frame>During index admission</time_frame>
    <description>Composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, reinfarction (31), cardiogenic shock (requiring medical or mechanical hemodynamic support), congestive heart failure, severe ventricular arrhythmia (requiring defibrillation or antiarrhythmic agents), repeat revascularization (or unplanned revascularization), and cardiac transplantation, collectively termed in-hospital major adverse events (MAE)</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Composite follow-up outcome</measure>
    <time_frame>3 years post index event</time_frame>
    <description>Composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, recurrent MI (including recurrent dissection), congestive heart failure and repeat revascularization, collectively termed major adverse cardiac events (MACE).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <enrollment type="Actual">750</enrollment>
  <condition>Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection</condition>
  <eligibility>
    <study_pop>
      <textblock>
        Prospective patients presenting with Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </study_pop>
    <sampling_method>Probability Sample</sampling_method>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Patients admitted with troponin-positive ACS (NSTEMI or STEMI)&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Documented NA-SCAD on coronary angiogram (including diagnosis with OCT or IVUS)&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          1. Patients with troponin-negative ACS&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. Patients with typical atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in other coronary&#xD;
             arterial segments with diameter stenosis ≥50%&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>N/A</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Jacqueline Saw, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Cleveland Clinic Foundation</name>
      <address>
        <city>Cleveland</city>
        <state>Ohio</state>
        <zip>44195</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Royal Alexandra Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Edmonton</city>
        <state>Alberta</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Alberta</name>
      <address>
        <city>Edmonton</city>
        <state>Alberta</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>St. Paul's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Vancouver</city>
        <state>British Columbia</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Vancouver General Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Vancouver</city>
        <state>British Columbia</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Saint Boniface General Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Winnipeg</city>
        <state>Manitoba</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Queen Elizabeth Health Sciences Centre</name>
      <address>
        <city>Halifax</city>
        <state>Nova Scotia</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hamilton Health Sciences General Site</name>
      <address>
        <city>Hamilton</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Saint Mary's</name>
      <address>
        <city>Kitchener</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>London Health Sciences</name>
      <address>
        <city>London</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Southlake Regional Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Newmarket</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ottawa Heart Institute</name>
      <address>
        <city>Ottawa</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Rough Valley Health System</name>
      <address>
        <city>Scarborough</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Saint Michael's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Toronto</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre</name>
      <address>
        <city>Toronto</city>
        <state>Ontario</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>McGill University Health Centre (CUSM)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Montreal</city>
        <state>Quebec</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Montreal Heart Institute</name>
      <address>
        <city>Montreal</city>
        <state>Quebec</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Montreal (CHUM)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Montreal</city>
        <state>Quebec</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Regina General Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Regina</city>
        <state>Saskatchewan</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Royal University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Saskatoon</city>
        <state>Saskatchewan</state>
        <country>Canada</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Canada</country>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Saw J. Coronary angiogram classification of spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Dec 1;84(7):1115-22. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25293. Epub 2013 Dec 4.</citation>
    <PMID>24227590</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Saw J, Poulter R, Fung A, Wood D, Hamburger J, Buller CE. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in patients with fibromuscular dysplasia: a case series. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012 Feb 1;5(1):134-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.111.966630. No abstract available.</citation>
    <PMID>22338003</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Saw J, Ricci D, Starovoytov A, Fox R, Buller CE. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: prevalence of predisposing conditions including fibromuscular dysplasia in a tertiary center cohort. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Jan;6(1):44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.08.017. Epub 2012 Dec 19.</citation>
    <PMID>23266235</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Saw J, Aymong E, Mancini GB, Sedlak T, Starovoytov A, Ricci D. Nonatherosclerotic coronary artery disease in young women. Can J Cardiol. 2014 Jul;30(7):814-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 23.</citation>
    <PMID>24726091</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>August 2018</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 9, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 9, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">July 11, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>August 8, 2018</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>August 8, 2018</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">August 10, 2018</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>Cardiology Research UBC</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Jacqueline Saw, MD</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Director of Research</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Non-atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Coronary Vessel Anomalies</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Vascular Diseases</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02188069
org study id: H14-00968
nct id: NCT02188069
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
SCAD (Spontaneous coronary artery dissection - tear in the arterial wall that is not related
      to trauma) is an under-diagnosed and poorly understood condition that mostly affects young
      women without common cardiovascular risk factors, and can result in heart attack and death.
      This observational study is designed to capture the disease's natural history and
      predisposing arteriopathies (medical conditions resulting in changes in the arteries),
      treatment strategies, long-term cardiovascular outcomes. It will also improve the diagnosis
      of SCAD on coronary angiography by participating clinicians, and provide guidance on
      investigating predisposing conditions.
Background:

      Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an under-diagnosed and poorly understood
      condition that frequently affects young women without conventional cardiovascular (CV) risk
      factors, and can result in myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and death. This
      condition has been inadequately researched, with no prospective studies evaluating management
      strategies, assessing the presence and impact of predisposing and precipitating causes, or
      assessing its effects on short- and long-term CV prognosis. Furthermore, many people
      presenting with MI due to SCAD have been mis-diagnosed due to the limitations of the current
      "gold-standard" diagnostic test (coronary angiography) for this condition, resulting in
      erroneous diagnoses such as atherosclerosis, microvascular dysfunction, Takotsubo
      cardiomyopathy, coronary artery spasm, or "normal" coronary arteries. As such, clinicians are
      uncertain about how to diagnose, investigate and manage patients with SCAD, and similarly,
      patients are uncertain about how this condition will affect their subsequent lifestyle and
      long-term cardiac prognosis. Therefore, we propose a large prospective multicenter Canadian
      SCAD cohort study to ascertain the natural history according to predisposing arteriopathies
      and treatment strategy on long-term CV outcomes. The design of this study will secondarily
      improve the diagnosis of SCAD on coronary angiography by participating clinicians, and
      provide guidance on investigating predisposing conditions.

      Preliminary Data:

      We have enrolled 170 NA-SCAD patients in our registry at Vancouver General Hospital. We
      discovered a very strong association between NA-SCAD and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), with
      ~80% of these NA-SCAD patients diagnosed with concomitant FMD. Of patients who underwent
      coronary angioplasty/stenting, successful and durable results occurred in only 33%. Of
      patients treated medically, those who had repeat coronary angiograms all showed angiographic
      healing.

      Primary Objective:

        1. To evaluate the overall natural history of NA-SCAD: (a) the overall in-hospital and
           long-term CV outcomes with NA-SCAD, (b) the prevalence and effects of predisposing
           arteriopathies on in-hospital and long-term CV outcomes, (c) the prevalence and impact
           of precipitating stressors on in-hospital and long-term CV events.

           Secondary Objectives:

        2. To evaluate the in-hospital and long-term outcomes of conservative therapy and
           revascularization in patients with NA-SCAD.

        3. To evaluate the presenting angiographic patterns of NA-SCAD.

        4. To assess the incidence of spontaneous arterial healing with conservative medical
           therapy alone in NA-SCAD patients undergoing repeat angiography.

      Hypotheses:

        1. We hypothesize that NA-SCAD patients have a high risk of long-term recurrent CV events
           and FMD, as the most frequently observed predisposing condition confers lower subsequent
           risk compared to other arteriopathies, such as peripartum SCAD, with regards to CV
           outcomes. We hypothesize that precipitating stressors are common preceding the SCAD
           event in >50% of cases.

        2. We hypothesize that NA-SCAD patients have a high risk of long-term CV events, and that
           patients who undergo revascularization have worse CV outcomes.

        3. We hypothesize that the most common angiographic NA-SCAD pattern is diffuse stenosis.

        4. We hypothesize that conservative medical therapy is associated with high rates of
           spontaneous healing.

      Methodology:

      Prospective Canadian observational cohort study enrolling 750 consecutive patients presenting
      with MI (NSTEMI or STEMI) due to NA-SCAD. Both women and men will be included. Rigorous
      coronary angiographic criteria with supplementary intracoronary imaging (reviewed by core
      laboratory) will be used for SCAD diagnosis. Detailed baseline demographics, targeted history
      for predisposing and precipitating factors, and screening laboratory tests will be performed.
      Patients will be prospectively followed for 3 years for CV events.

      Significance:

      This study will have significant impacts on the diagnosis, investigation, and management of
      NA-SCAD. Our diagnostic algorithm will help establish guidelines on SCAD diagnosis on
      coronary angiogram, which is currently elusive. Our rigorous clinical and laboratory
      screening will elucidate the prevalence of predisposing arteriopathies, which will help
      establish guidelines on investigation of SCAD patients. Knowledge of CV outcomes and natural
      history of NA-SCAD, especially stratified to predisposing arteriopathies, will establish
      prognosis, risk stratification, and management guidelines.

      Knowledge Translation:

      Our results will be disseminated to clinicians and patients through publications in
      scientific journals, physician scientific presentations, Healthy Heart Programs, patient
      educational sessions, educational website, and public media. Results from this study will
      help establish national and international guidelines on the diagnosis, investigation and
      management of NA-SCAD.
observational model: Cohort
time perspective: Prospective
measure: Composite in-hospital outcome
time frame: During index admission
description: Composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, reinfarction (31), cardiogenic shock (requiring medical or mechanical hemodynamic support), congestive heart failure, severe ventricular arrhythmia (requiring defibrillation or antiarrhythmic agents), repeat revascularization (or unplanned revascularization), and cardiac transplantation, collectively termed in-hospital major adverse events (MAE)
measure: Composite follow-up outcome
time frame: 3 years post index event
description: Composite of all-cause mortality, stroke, recurrent MI (including recurrent dissection), congestive heart failure and repeat revascularization, collectively termed major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
study pop: 
sampling method: Probability Sample
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: N/A
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Jacqueline Saw, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
facility: 
country: Canada
country: United States
citation: Saw J. Coronary angiogram classification of spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Dec 1;84(7):1115-22. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25293. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
PMID: 24227590
citation: Saw J, Poulter R, Fung A, Wood D, Hamburger J, Buller CE. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in patients with fibromuscular dysplasia: a case series. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012 Feb 1;5(1):134-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.111.966630. No abstract available.
PMID: 22338003
citation: Saw J, Ricci D, Starovoytov A, Fox R, Buller CE. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: prevalence of predisposing conditions including fibromuscular dysplasia in a tertiary center cohort. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Jan;6(1):44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.08.017. Epub 2012 Dec 19.
PMID: 23266235
citation: Saw J, Aymong E, Mancini GB, Sedlak T, Starovoytov A, Ricci D. Nonatherosclerotic coronary artery disease in young women. Can J Cardiol. 2014 Jul;30(7):814-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
PMID: 24726091
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: Cardiology Research UBC
investigator full name: Jacqueline Saw, MD
investigator title: Director of Research
mesh term: Coronary Vessel Anomalies
mesh term: Vascular Diseases