<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02254200</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>06C301</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02254200</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Exercise Training and Fitness in Severe Obesity</brief_title>
  <acronym>INTFMOBE</acronym>
  <official_title>Effect of Short-term High-intensity Interval and Fatmax Training on Aerobic and Metabolic Fitness in Obese Subjects</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Istituto Auxologico Italiano</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>University of Lausanne</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Istituto Auxologico Italiano</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Obesity is commonly associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which seem to be&#xD;
      linked with an impaired ability to oxidize lipids, particularly in class III obese&#xD;
      individuals [Body Mass Index (BMI): &gt; 40 kg*m-2]. Exercise training is an effective strategy&#xD;
      to improve insulin sensitivity and to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study aimed to compare the effects of two different 2-wk-long training modalities&#xD;
      [continuous at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation (Fatmax) versus adapted high&#xD;
      intensity interval training (HIIT)] on aerobic and metabolic fitness of class II and III&#xD;
      obese men. It was hypothesized that, because of the nature of HIIT in the stimulation of&#xD;
      rapid changes, aerobic fitness, fat oxidation rates during exercise and insulin sensitivity&#xD;
      would be improved to a greater extent when adapted HIIT compared to Fatmax training.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Obesity is commonly associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which seem to be&#xD;
      linked with an impaired ability to oxidize lipids, particularly in class III obese&#xD;
      individuals [Body Mass Index (BMI): &gt; 40 kg*m-2] (1). Exercise training is an effective&#xD;
      strategy to improve insulin sensitivity and to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (2). It has&#xD;
      been suggested that 8 (3) or 10 wk (4) of an individualized moderate exercise training&#xD;
      program at intensity (Fatmax) that elicits maximal fat oxidation (MFO) may significantly&#xD;
      increase the fat oxidation rates (FORs) during exercise; it may also increase the muscle&#xD;
      oxidative capacity in overweight and class I obese men. The effects of an individualized&#xD;
      Fatmax training program of a shorter duration have never been investigated.&#xD;
&#xD;
      High-intensity interval training (Wingate-based HIIT) has been shown to induce similar&#xD;
      adaptations as traditional training at a moderate intensity following 6 wk of training in&#xD;
      healthy adults despite the lower training volume (5). This suggests that HIIT may be a&#xD;
      time-efficient alternative (6). Recently, HIIT was also reported to rapidly induce&#xD;
      adaptations that are linked to improved health-related outcomes in sedentary and&#xD;
      overweight/obese individuals (7, 8).&#xD;
&#xD;
      This study aimed to compare the effects of two different 2-wk-long training modalities&#xD;
      [continuous at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation (Fatmax) versus adapted high&#xD;
      intensity interval training (HIIT)] on aerobic and metabolic fitness of class II and III&#xD;
      obese men. It was hypothesized that, because of the nature of HIIT in the stimulation of&#xD;
      rapid changes, aerobic fitness, fat oxidation rates during exercise and insulin sensitivity&#xD;
      would be improved to a greater extent when trained with adapted HIIT compared to Fatmax&#xD;
      training.&#xD;
&#xD;
      A group of twenty obese men (BMI≥35 kg*m-2) will be assigned to Fatmax group or to adapted&#xD;
      HIIT group. Both groups will perform 8 cycling-sessions matched for mechanical work spread&#xD;
      over 14 days [40-50 min continuous exercise at ~60-70% of the maximal heart rate (Fatmax) or&#xD;
      10x60-s cycling intervals a ~90% maximal heart rate interspersed with 60-s recovery (HIIT)].&#xD;
      Aerobic fitness and fat oxidation rates (FORs) during exercise will be assessed prior to and&#xD;
      following the training with a maximal incremental test. Blood samples will also be drawn to&#xD;
      determine hormones and plasma metabolites levels. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the&#xD;
      homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA).&#xD;
&#xD;
      The experimental design will consist of the following: 1) maximal ramp incremental test, to&#xD;
      determine peak power output of each subject. 2) pre training test with blood samples, maximal&#xD;
      incremental test (Incr) to determine the whole-body fat oxidation kinetics and Fatmax in the&#xD;
      first phase (IncrP1) and the maximal parameters in the second phase (IncrP2) of the test. 3)&#xD;
      2-wk training intervention, Fatmax or HIIT and 4) post-training test, control maximal&#xD;
      incremental test with blood samples.&#xD;
&#xD;
      A 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA (time x group x exercise intensity) will be performed to&#xD;
      compare the investigated variables.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date>January 2013</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">January 2014</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 2013</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Maximal Oxygen consumption (VO2 max)</measure>
    <time_frame>After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning</time_frame>
    <description>VO2 max at incremental test performed at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Fat oxidation rates (FORs)</measure>
    <time_frame>After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning</time_frame>
    <description>FORs at incremental test performed at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>HOMA-IR</measure>
    <time_frame>After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning</time_frame>
    <description>Insulin sensitivity assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA)</measure>
    <time_frame>After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning</time_frame>
    <description>Resting NEFA at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Insulin</measure>
    <time_frame>After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning</time_frame>
    <description>Resting Insulin at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">19</enrollment>
  <condition>Obesity</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Fatmax group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Group who performed a continuous training program at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>HIIT group</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Group who performed a continuous training program with high intensity interval</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Fatmax group</intervention_name>
    <description>For the Fatmax group each session will consist of 40-50 min of continuous exercise with an intensity that corresponded to the individual Fatmax (moderate intensity)</description>
    <arm_group_label>Fatmax group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Other</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>HIIT group</intervention_name>
    <description>For HIIT group, each session will consist of 10x60-s cycling intervals interspersed with 60-s of recovery. The workloads will be selected to elicit a heart rate of ~90% maximal heart rate during the intervals with a pedal rate of 90-100 revolutions.min-1, whereas during recovery, the participants will be allowed to pedal against a resistance of 50 W</description>
    <arm_group_label>HIIT group</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  BMI ≥ 35 kg*m-2&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Hypertension (blood pressure &gt; 130/90)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Impaired fasting glucose (&gt; 6.1 mmol*L-1)&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Type 2 diabetes&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Abnormal ECG readings at rest&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>Male</gender>
    <minimum_age>20 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>45 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Stefano Lanzi, MSc</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of Lausanne, Department of Physiology</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Alberto Salvadori, MD</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Franco Codecasa, MD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Mauro Cornacchia, MD</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Davide Malatesta, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>University of Lausanne, Institute of Sport Sciences</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Paolo Fanari, MD</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe</name>
      <address>
        <city>Verbania</city>
        <state>VB</state>
        <zip>28921</zip>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Italy</country>
  </location_countries>
  <reference>
    <citation>Houmard JA. Intramuscular lipid oxidation and obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008 Apr;294(4):R1111-6. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00396.2007. Epub 2008 Feb 6.</citation>
    <PMID>18256136</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Houmard JA, Tanner CJ, Slentz CA, Duscha BD, McCartney JS, Kraus WE. Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004 Jan;96(1):101-6. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00707.2003. Epub 2003 Sep 12.</citation>
    <PMID>12972442</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Dumortier M, Brandou F, Perez-Martin A, Fedou C, Mercier J, Brun JF. Low intensity endurance exercise targeted for lipid oxidation improves body composition and insulin sensitivity in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab. 2003 Nov;29(5):509-18. doi: 10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70065-4.</citation>
    <PMID>14631328</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Bordenave S, Metz L, Flavier S, Lambert K, Ghanassia E, Dupuy AM, Michel F, Puech-Cathala AM, Raynaud E, Brun JF, Mercier J. Training-induced improvement in lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to alterations in muscle mitochondrial activity. Effect of endurance training in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2008 Apr;34(2):162-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2007.11.006.</citation>
    <PMID>18396088</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, Rakobowchuk M, Macdonald MJ, McGee SL, Gibala MJ. Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physiol. 2008 Jan 1;586(1):151-60. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.142109. Epub 2007 Nov 8.</citation>
    <PMID>17991697</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Whyte LJ, Gill JM, Cathcart AJ. Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men. Metabolism. 2010 Oct;59(10):1421-8. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Feb 12.</citation>
    <PMID>20153487</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Trilk JL, Singhal A, Bigelman KA, Cureton KJ. Effect of sprint interval training on circulatory function during exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Aug;111(8):1591-7. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1777-z. Epub 2010 Dec 29.</citation>
    <PMID>21190036</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>July 2015</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>September 29, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>September 29, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">October 1, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>July 20, 2015</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>July 20, 2015</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Estimate">July 21, 2015</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>exercise</keyword>
  <keyword>fat oxidation</keyword>
  <keyword>indirect calorimetry</keyword>
  <keyword>insulin sensitivity</keyword>
  <keyword>weight management</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Obesity</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02254200
org study id: 06C301
nct id: NCT02254200
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
Obesity is commonly associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which seem to be
      linked with an impaired ability to oxidize lipids, particularly in class III obese
      individuals [Body Mass Index (BMI): > 40 kg*m-2]. Exercise training is an effective strategy
      to improve insulin sensitivity and to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

      This study aimed to compare the effects of two different 2-wk-long training modalities
      [continuous at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation (Fatmax) versus adapted high
      intensity interval training (HIIT)] on aerobic and metabolic fitness of class II and III
      obese men. It was hypothesized that, because of the nature of HIIT in the stimulation of
      rapid changes, aerobic fitness, fat oxidation rates during exercise and insulin sensitivity
      would be improved to a greater extent when adapted HIIT compared to Fatmax training.
Obesity is commonly associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which seem to be
      linked with an impaired ability to oxidize lipids, particularly in class III obese
      individuals [Body Mass Index (BMI): > 40 kg*m-2] (1). Exercise training is an effective
      strategy to improve insulin sensitivity and to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (2). It has
      been suggested that 8 (3) or 10 wk (4) of an individualized moderate exercise training
      program at intensity (Fatmax) that elicits maximal fat oxidation (MFO) may significantly
      increase the fat oxidation rates (FORs) during exercise; it may also increase the muscle
      oxidative capacity in overweight and class I obese men. The effects of an individualized
      Fatmax training program of a shorter duration have never been investigated.

      High-intensity interval training (Wingate-based HIIT) has been shown to induce similar
      adaptations as traditional training at a moderate intensity following 6 wk of training in
      healthy adults despite the lower training volume (5). This suggests that HIIT may be a
      time-efficient alternative (6). Recently, HIIT was also reported to rapidly induce
      adaptations that are linked to improved health-related outcomes in sedentary and
      overweight/obese individuals (7, 8).

      This study aimed to compare the effects of two different 2-wk-long training modalities
      [continuous at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation (Fatmax) versus adapted high
      intensity interval training (HIIT)] on aerobic and metabolic fitness of class II and III
      obese men. It was hypothesized that, because of the nature of HIIT in the stimulation of
      rapid changes, aerobic fitness, fat oxidation rates during exercise and insulin sensitivity
      would be improved to a greater extent when trained with adapted HIIT compared to Fatmax
      training.

      A group of twenty obese men (BMI≥35 kg*m-2) will be assigned to Fatmax group or to adapted
      HIIT group. Both groups will perform 8 cycling-sessions matched for mechanical work spread
      over 14 days [40-50 min continuous exercise at ~60-70% of the maximal heart rate (Fatmax) or
      10x60-s cycling intervals a ~90% maximal heart rate interspersed with 60-s recovery (HIIT)].
      Aerobic fitness and fat oxidation rates (FORs) during exercise will be assessed prior to and
      following the training with a maximal incremental test. Blood samples will also be drawn to
      determine hormones and plasma metabolites levels. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the
      homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA).

      The experimental design will consist of the following: 1) maximal ramp incremental test, to
      determine peak power output of each subject. 2) pre training test with blood samples, maximal
      incremental test (Incr) to determine the whole-body fat oxidation kinetics and Fatmax in the
      first phase (IncrP1) and the maximal parameters in the second phase (IncrP2) of the test. 3)
      2-wk training intervention, Fatmax or HIIT and 4) post-training test, control maximal
      incremental test with blood samples.

      A 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA (time x group x exercise intensity) will be performed to
      compare the investigated variables.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Maximal Oxygen consumption (VO2 max)
time frame: After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning
description: VO2 max at incremental test performed at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period
measure: Fat oxidation rates (FORs)
time frame: After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning
description: FORs at incremental test performed at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period
measure: HOMA-IR
time frame: After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning
description: Insulin sensitivity assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period
measure: Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA)
time frame: After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning
description: Resting NEFA at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period
measure: Insulin
time frame: After two-wk-long of Fatmax or HIIT traning
description: Resting Insulin at the end of Fatmax or HIIT training period
arm group label: Fatmax group
arm group type: Experimental
description: Group who performed a continuous training program at the intensity eliciting the maximal fat oxidation
arm group label: HIIT group
arm group type: Experimental
description: Group who performed a continuous training program with high intensity interval
intervention type: Other
intervention name: Fatmax group
description: For the Fatmax group each session will consist of 40-50 min of continuous exercise with an intensity that corresponded to the individual Fatmax (moderate intensity)
arm group label: Fatmax group
intervention type: Other
intervention name: HIIT group
description: For HIIT group, each session will consist of 10x60-s cycling intervals interspersed with 60-s of recovery. The workloads will be selected to elicit a heart rate of ~90% maximal heart rate during the intervals with a pedal rate of 90-100 revolutions.min-1, whereas during recovery, the participants will be allowed to pedal against a resistance of 50 W
arm group label: HIIT group
criteria: 
gender: Male
minimum age: 20 Years
maximum age: 45 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Stefano Lanzi, MSc
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of Lausanne, Department of Physiology
last name: Alberto Salvadori, MD
role: Study Director
affiliation: Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department
last name: Franco Codecasa, MD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department
last name: Mauro Cornacchia, MD
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department
last name: Davide Malatesta, PhD
role: Study Director
affiliation: University of Lausanne, Institute of Sport Sciences
last name: Paolo Fanari, MD
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department
facility: 
country: Italy
citation: Houmard JA. Intramuscular lipid oxidation and obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008 Apr;294(4):R1111-6. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00396.2007. Epub 2008 Feb 6.
PMID: 18256136
citation: Houmard JA, Tanner CJ, Slentz CA, Duscha BD, McCartney JS, Kraus WE. Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004 Jan;96(1):101-6. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00707.2003. Epub 2003 Sep 12.
PMID: 12972442
citation: Dumortier M, Brandou F, Perez-Martin A, Fedou C, Mercier J, Brun JF. Low intensity endurance exercise targeted for lipid oxidation improves body composition and insulin sensitivity in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab. 2003 Nov;29(5):509-18. doi: 10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70065-4.
PMID: 14631328
citation: Bordenave S, Metz L, Flavier S, Lambert K, Ghanassia E, Dupuy AM, Michel F, Puech-Cathala AM, Raynaud E, Brun JF, Mercier J. Training-induced improvement in lipid oxidation in type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to alterations in muscle mitochondrial activity. Effect of endurance training in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2008 Apr;34(2):162-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2007.11.006.
PMID: 18396088
citation: Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, Rakobowchuk M, Macdonald MJ, McGee SL, Gibala MJ. Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physiol. 2008 Jan 1;586(1):151-60. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.142109. Epub 2007 Nov 8.
PMID: 17991697
citation: Whyte LJ, Gill JM, Cathcart AJ. Effect of 2 weeks of sprint interval training on health-related outcomes in sedentary overweight/obese men. Metabolism. 2010 Oct;59(10):1421-8. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
PMID: 20153487
citation: Trilk JL, Singhal A, Bigelman KA, Cureton KJ. Effect of sprint interval training on circulatory function during exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Aug;111(8):1591-7. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1777-z. Epub 2010 Dec 29.
PMID: 21190036
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Obesity