<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02218086</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>UCP-2014-0107</org_study_id>
    <secondary_id>KEK-ZH-2014-0107</secondary_id>
    <secondary_id>PB 2019-00009</secondary_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02218086</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Effectivity of Slackline-Training in Physiotherapy</brief_title>
  <official_title>Effectivity of Slackline-Training in Physiotherapy - a Randomised Controlled Study</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>THIM - die internationale Hochschule für Physiotherapie</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Vrije Universiteit Brussel</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>THIM - die internationale Hochschule für Physiotherapie</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
    <is_fda_regulated_drug>No</is_fda_regulated_drug>
    <is_fda_regulated_device>No</is_fda_regulated_device>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Slacklines have been established in the last few years as a training equipment in sports such&#xD;
      as climbing, skiing and others to increase postural control. Furthermore, slacklines are used&#xD;
      in physiotherapy in terms of stabilizing training such as wobbling boards.&#xD;
&#xD;
      However, if slackline training is effective in rehabilitation has not been investigated yet.&#xD;
      Therefore, to goal of this study will be to investigate the effectivity of slackline training&#xD;
      in physiotherapy compared to a wobbling board with a single tilting axis.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Outcomes will be electromyographic-data and the kinetics of the whole body.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Comparing beginners pre-training (less than 1 hour of slackline training) to post-training (9&#xD;
      times 30 minutes of individual, controlled training) to investigate the effects of balance&#xD;
      training on a slackline.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Comparing beginners (less than 1 hour of slackline training) to professionals (more than 100&#xD;
      hours of slackline training) to investigate differences in balance strategies.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Comparing professionals during slacklining under two different conditions of their visual&#xD;
      anchor: fix vs. moving. This to investigate the role of the visual system during balance&#xD;
      reactions.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Comparing slackline training versus a demanding training standing-on-1-leg. We do compare&#xD;
      Y-balance-performance, performance on the MFT challenge disc, each compared with&#xD;
      simultanousely recording body Sway (lower trunk) with SwayStar.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Muscle activity will be investigated by absolute amplitude (mV) and frequency to get an idea&#xD;
      of which muscle fibers are acting during the task and how the activation pattern may change&#xD;
      through motor learning.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Body kinematics should show movement strategies especially differences in roll and pitch&#xD;
      control of the body.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">August 1, 2014</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">May 31, 2020</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">May 31, 2020</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Crossover Assignment</intervention_model>
    <intervention_model_description>different protocol-arms: crossover for comparing slackline vs. wobble board vs. flamingo balance task parallel for slackline training vs. enhanced standing-on-1-leg training</intervention_model_description>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Muscle activity using surface electromyography device. 1. measuring amplitude of muscle activation in mV (millivolt) 2. measuring frequency pattern of muscle activation to distinguish /detect activation of slow and fast muscle fibers</measure>
    <time_frame>average of 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>single investigation for arms:&#xD;
BEGINNERS:&#xD;
a. slackline compared to wobble board&#xD;
PROFESIONALS:&#xD;
slackline compared to wobble board&#xD;
fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor&#xD;
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS&#xD;
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Whole body kinematics (composite outcome measure): a. calculating joint angles [deg &amp; deg/s] b. calculating absolute and relative body part movements (such as trunk, pelvis, head): tilts &amp; translations [mm, mm/s]</measure>
    <time_frame>average of 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>single investigation for arms:&#xD;
BEGINNERS:&#xD;
a. slackline compared to wobble board&#xD;
PROFESIONALS:&#xD;
slackline compared to wobble board fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor&#xD;
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS&#xD;
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>measuring the duration of a trial (if less than 30 sec): measured in sec</measure>
    <time_frame>average of 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>single investigation for arms:&#xD;
BEGINNERS:&#xD;
a. slackline compared to wobble board&#xD;
PROFESIONALS:&#xD;
slackline compared to wobble board fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor&#xD;
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS&#xD;
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Y-balance-performance: measured in cm</measure>
    <time_frame>average of 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>single investigation for arms:&#xD;
BEGINNERS:&#xD;
a. slackline training vs. standing-on-1-leg training vs. control&#xD;
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 15 minutes each</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>MFT challenge disc: measured in a score</measure>
    <time_frame>average of 6 weeks</time_frame>
    <description>single investigation for arms:&#xD;
BEGINNERS:&#xD;
a. slackline training vs. standing-on-1-leg training vs. control&#xD;
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 15 minutes each&#xD;
-------------------------------------- MFT Scale (Multi Functional Training)&#xD;
Scale Construct The diagnostics and scoring on the Challenge Disc is based on experience with other similar test equipment. Espacially the widely used Biodex Stability System.&#xD;
Total Score Total score is composed of the anterior-posterior and lateral-medial movement on the board.&#xD;
Scale Range Score 1-5 (1= good; 5=bad)&#xD;
Subscales unknown</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">50</enrollment>
  <condition>Healthy Volunteers</condition>
  <condition>Persons With no Known Significant Health Problems</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>professionals</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>balancing on the slackline / wobbling board 3 times by 30 seconds balancing on the slackline with a fix visual anchor / moving visual anchor 3 times by 30 seconds</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>balancing on the slackline / wobbling board 3 times by 30 seconds pre-training compared to post-training</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Slackline</intervention_name>
    <description>Slackbase PRO CE: certificated by european law for medical devices (EG Richtlinie 93/42/EWG)</description>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>professionals</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>brand name: Slackbase PRO</other_name>
    <other_name>http://medi-lines.com/slackbasepro/</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Wobbling Board</intervention_name>
    <description>Wobbling Board CE: certificated by european law for medical devices (EG Richtlinie 93/42/EWG)</description>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>professionals</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>name: Standbrett</other_name>
    <other_name>serial number: 2.1.1</other_name>
    <other_name>http://www.originell.net/index.php?_disp=40</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Pre-training</intervention_name>
    <description>First investigation of the beginners with less than 1 hour experience with slacklining.</description>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Fix visual anchor</intervention_name>
    <description>Professionals have to gaze at a fixed visual anchor during the slacklining.</description>
    <arm_group_label>professionals</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Moving visual anchor</intervention_name>
    <description>Professionals have to gaze at a moving visual anchor during the slacklining.</description>
    <arm_group_label>professionals</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Post-training</intervention_name>
    <description>Second investigation of the beginners occurs after a training session of 9 times 30 minutes within a few weeks.</description>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Device</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Slackline vs. standing-on-1-leg vs. control</intervention_name>
    <description>beginners have to train 9 times ~15minutes within y few weeks.</description>
    <arm_group_label>beginners</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  young healthy, 18-30 years old&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  small operations on muscle-skeletal-system on upper extremities&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  birth control pill&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  any actual injuries on lower extremities&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  injuries on lower extremities less than one year back&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  operations of muscle-skeletal-system at shoulder/neck, trunk/pelvis and lower&#xD;
             extremities&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  fear of falling&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  any medications&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  cardiac pacemaker or cardiac arrhythmia&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  pregnancy&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  skeletal anomaly&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  appendicitis less then 2 years back&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>30 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>Accepts Healthy Volunteers</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Ursula M Kueng, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>THIM - die internationale Hochschule für Physiotherapie</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Thim van der Laan University College Physiotherapy</name>
      <address>
        <city>Landquart</city>
        <state>GR</state>
        <zip>7302</zip>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Switzerland</country>
  </location_countries>
  <link>
    <url>http://www.kofam.ch/</url>
    <description>Swiss National Clinical Trials Portal (SNCTP)</description>
  </link>
  <reference>
    <citation>Pfusterschmied J, Lindinger S, Buchecker M, Stoggl T, Wagner H, Muller E. Effect of instability training equipment on lower limb kinematics and muscle activity. Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2013 Mar;27(1):28-33. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1330725. Epub 2013 Feb 12.</citation>
    <PMID>23404457</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Donath L, Roth R, Rueegge A, Groppa M, Zahner L, Faude O. Effects of slackline training on balance, jump performance &amp; muscle activity in young children. Int J Sports Med. 2013 Dec;34(12):1093-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1337949. Epub 2013 May 22.</citation>
    <PMID>23700328</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Honegger F, Tielkens RJ, Allum JH. Movement strategies and sensory reweighting in tandem stance: differences between trained tightrope walkers and untrained subjects. Neuroscience. 2013 Dec 19;254:285-300. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.041. Epub 2013 Oct 1.</citation>
    <PMID>24090964</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Duysens JE, Allum JH. Control of roll and pitch motion during multi-directional balance perturbations. Exp Brain Res. 2009 Apr;194(4):631-45. doi: 10.1007/s00221-009-1743-3. Epub 2009 Mar 5.</citation>
    <PMID>19263044</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Raffi M, Piras A, Persiani M, Squatrito S. Importance of optic flow for postural stability of male and female young adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014 Jan;114(1):71-83. doi: 10.1007/s00421-013-2750-4. Epub 2013 Oct 23.</citation>
    <PMID>24150783</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Pfusterschmied J, Stoggl T, Buchecker M, Lindinger S, Wagner H, Muller E. Effects of 4-week slackline training on lower limb joint motion and muscle activation. J Sci Med Sport. 2013 Nov;16(6):562-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.12.006. Epub 2013 Jan 16.</citation>
    <PMID>23333134</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Paoletti P, Mahadevan L. Balancing on tightropes and slacklines. J R Soc Interface. 2012 Sep 7;9(74):2097-108. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0077. Epub 2012 Apr 18.</citation>
    <PMID>22513724</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Allum JH. The effect of voluntary lateral trunk bending on balance recovery following multi-directional stance perturbations. Exp Brain Res. 2010 May;202(4):851-65. doi: 10.1007/s00221-010-2201-y. Epub 2010 Mar 4.</citation>
    <PMID>20204607</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Allum JH. Incorporating voluntary unilateral knee flexion into balance corrections elicited by multi-directional perturbations to stance. Neuroscience. 2009 Sep 29;163(1):466-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.06.009. Epub 2009 Jun 6.</citation>
    <PMID>19505537</PMID>
  </reference>
  <reference>
    <citation>Tabira T, Sakai K. Demyelination induced by T cell lines and clones specific for myelin basic protein in mice. Lab Invest. 1987 May;56(5):518-25.</citation>
    <PMID>2437389</PMID>
  </reference>
  <verification_date>May 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>August 12, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>August 14, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">August 15, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>October 6, 2020</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>October 6, 2020</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">October 8, 2020</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>postural control</keyword>
  <keyword>postural balance</keyword>
  <keyword>slackline</keyword>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02218086
org study id: UCP-2014-0107
secondary id: KEK-ZH-2014-0107
secondary id: PB 2019-00009
nct id: NCT02218086
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
is fda regulated drug: No
is fda regulated device: No
Slacklines have been established in the last few years as a training equipment in sports such
      as climbing, skiing and others to increase postural control. Furthermore, slacklines are used
      in physiotherapy in terms of stabilizing training such as wobbling boards.

      However, if slackline training is effective in rehabilitation has not been investigated yet.
      Therefore, to goal of this study will be to investigate the effectivity of slackline training
      in physiotherapy compared to a wobbling board with a single tilting axis.

      Outcomes will be electromyographic-data and the kinetics of the whole body.
Comparing beginners pre-training (less than 1 hour of slackline training) to post-training (9
      times 30 minutes of individual, controlled training) to investigate the effects of balance
      training on a slackline.

      Comparing beginners (less than 1 hour of slackline training) to professionals (more than 100
      hours of slackline training) to investigate differences in balance strategies.

      Comparing professionals during slacklining under two different conditions of their visual
      anchor: fix vs. moving. This to investigate the role of the visual system during balance
      reactions.

      Comparing slackline training versus a demanding training standing-on-1-leg. We do compare
      Y-balance-performance, performance on the MFT challenge disc, each compared with
      simultanousely recording body Sway (lower trunk) with SwayStar.

      Muscle activity will be investigated by absolute amplitude (mV) and frequency to get an idea
      of which muscle fibers are acting during the task and how the activation pattern may change
      through motor learning.

      Body kinematics should show movement strategies especially differences in roll and pitch
      control of the body.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Crossover Assignment
intervention model description: different protocol-arms: crossover for comparing slackline vs. wobble board vs. flamingo balance task parallel for slackline training vs. enhanced standing-on-1-leg training
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Muscle activity using surface electromyography device. 1. measuring amplitude of muscle activation in mV (millivolt) 2. measuring frequency pattern of muscle activation to distinguish /detect activation of slow and fast muscle fibers
time frame: average of 6 weeks
description: single investigation for arms:
BEGINNERS:
a. slackline compared to wobble board
PROFESIONALS:
slackline compared to wobble board
fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each
measure: Whole body kinematics (composite outcome measure): a. calculating joint angles [deg & deg/s] b. calculating absolute and relative body part movements (such as trunk, pelvis, head): tilts & translations [mm, mm/s]
time frame: average of 6 weeks
description: single investigation for arms:
BEGINNERS:
a. slackline compared to wobble board
PROFESIONALS:
slackline compared to wobble board fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each
measure: measuring the duration of a trial (if less than 30 sec): measured in sec
time frame: average of 6 weeks
description: single investigation for arms:
BEGINNERS:
a. slackline compared to wobble board
PROFESIONALS:
slackline compared to wobble board fix visual anchor compared to moving visual anchor
double investigation: 1. BEGINNERS
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 30 minutes each
measure: Y-balance-performance: measured in cm
time frame: average of 6 weeks
description: single investigation for arms:
BEGINNERS:
a. slackline training vs. standing-on-1-leg training vs. control
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 15 minutes each
measure: MFT challenge disc: measured in a score
time frame: average of 6 weeks
description: single investigation for arms:
BEGINNERS:
a. slackline training vs. standing-on-1-leg training vs. control
a. pre-training compared to post-training, expected training period average of 6 weeks, totally 9 trainings of 15 minutes each
-------------------------------------- MFT Scale (Multi Functional Training)
Scale Construct The diagnostics and scoring on the Challenge Disc is based on experience with other similar test equipment. Espacially the widely used Biodex Stability System.
Total Score Total score is composed of the anterior-posterior and lateral-medial movement on the board.
Scale Range Score 1-5 (1= good; 5=bad)
Subscales unknown
arm group label: professionals
arm group type: Experimental
description: balancing on the slackline / wobbling board 3 times by 30 seconds balancing on the slackline with a fix visual anchor / moving visual anchor 3 times by 30 seconds
arm group label: beginners
arm group type: Experimental
description: balancing on the slackline / wobbling board 3 times by 30 seconds pre-training compared to post-training
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Slackline
description: Slackbase PRO CE: certificated by european law for medical devices (EG Richtlinie 93/42/EWG)
arm group label: beginners
arm group label: professionals
other name: brand name: Slackbase PRO
other name: http://medi-lines.com/slackbasepro/
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Wobbling Board
description: Wobbling Board CE: certificated by european law for medical devices (EG Richtlinie 93/42/EWG)
arm group label: beginners
arm group label: professionals
other name: name: Standbrett
other name: serial number: 2.1.1
other name: http://www.originell.net/index.php?_disp=40
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Pre-training
description: First investigation of the beginners with less than 1 hour experience with slacklining.
arm group label: beginners
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Fix visual anchor
description: Professionals have to gaze at a fixed visual anchor during the slacklining.
arm group label: professionals
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Moving visual anchor
description: Professionals have to gaze at a moving visual anchor during the slacklining.
arm group label: professionals
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Post-training
description: Second investigation of the beginners occurs after a training session of 9 times 30 minutes within a few weeks.
arm group label: beginners
intervention type: Device
intervention name: Slackline vs. standing-on-1-leg vs. control
description: beginners have to train 9 times ~15minutes within y few weeks.
arm group label: beginners
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 30 Years
healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
last name: Ursula M Kueng, PhD
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: THIM - die internationale Hochschule für Physiotherapie
facility: 
country: Switzerland
url: http://www.kofam.ch/
description: Swiss National Clinical Trials Portal (SNCTP)
citation: Pfusterschmied J, Lindinger S, Buchecker M, Stoggl T, Wagner H, Muller E. Effect of instability training equipment on lower limb kinematics and muscle activity. Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2013 Mar;27(1):28-33. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1330725. Epub 2013 Feb 12.
PMID: 23404457
citation: Donath L, Roth R, Rueegge A, Groppa M, Zahner L, Faude O. Effects of slackline training on balance, jump performance & muscle activity in young children. Int J Sports Med. 2013 Dec;34(12):1093-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1337949. Epub 2013 May 22.
PMID: 23700328
citation: Honegger F, Tielkens RJ, Allum JH. Movement strategies and sensory reweighting in tandem stance: differences between trained tightrope walkers and untrained subjects. Neuroscience. 2013 Dec 19;254:285-300. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.041. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
PMID: 24090964
citation: Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Duysens JE, Allum JH. Control of roll and pitch motion during multi-directional balance perturbations. Exp Brain Res. 2009 Apr;194(4):631-45. doi: 10.1007/s00221-009-1743-3. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
PMID: 19263044
citation: Raffi M, Piras A, Persiani M, Squatrito S. Importance of optic flow for postural stability of male and female young adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014 Jan;114(1):71-83. doi: 10.1007/s00421-013-2750-4. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
PMID: 24150783
citation: Pfusterschmied J, Stoggl T, Buchecker M, Lindinger S, Wagner H, Muller E. Effects of 4-week slackline training on lower limb joint motion and muscle activation. J Sci Med Sport. 2013 Nov;16(6):562-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.12.006. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
PMID: 23333134
citation: Paoletti P, Mahadevan L. Balancing on tightropes and slacklines. J R Soc Interface. 2012 Sep 7;9(74):2097-108. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0077. Epub 2012 Apr 18.
PMID: 22513724
citation: Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Allum JH. The effect of voluntary lateral trunk bending on balance recovery following multi-directional stance perturbations. Exp Brain Res. 2010 May;202(4):851-65. doi: 10.1007/s00221-010-2201-y. Epub 2010 Mar 4.
PMID: 20204607
citation: Kung UM, Horlings CG, Honegger F, Allum JH. Incorporating voluntary unilateral knee flexion into balance corrections elicited by multi-directional perturbations to stance. Neuroscience. 2009 Sep 29;163(1):466-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.06.009. Epub 2009 Jun 6.
PMID: 19505537
citation: Tabira T, Sakai K. Demyelination induced by T cell lines and clones specific for myelin basic protein in mice. Lab Invest. 1987 May;56(5):518-25.
PMID: 2437389
responsible party type: Sponsor