<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02237339</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>2012CV15</org_study_id>
    <secondary_id>2014-002083-33</secondary_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02237339</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Does Allopurinol Reduce Thickening of the Left Ventricle of the Heart in Patient With Treated Hypertension?</brief_title>
  <acronym>ALLAY</acronym>
  <official_title>Does Allopurinol Regress Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients With Treated Essential Hypertension?</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of Dundee</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>British Heart Foundation</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of Dundee</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The presence of Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) confers high cardiovascular risk in&#xD;
      hypertensive patients. LVH remains highly prevalent even when blood pressure (BP) is&#xD;
      controlled. There is increasing evidence that a major non-haemodynamic contributor to LVH is&#xD;
      oxidative stress. Allopurinol is known to markedly reduce oxidative stress.&#xD;
&#xD;
      This pragmatic randomised double blind placebo controlled trial will examine whether&#xD;
      allopurinol (300 mg bd) regresses LV mass as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in&#xD;
      66 patients with treated hypertension but who have persisting LVH.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Endothelial and vascular function will also be assessed via flow mediated dilatation (FMD)&#xD;
      and pulse wave analysis respectively (PWA) and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress will be&#xD;
      measured. The treatment (allopurinol or placebo) will last 12 months.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Does Allopurinol regress Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Treated Essential&#xD;
      Hypertension?&#xD;
&#xD;
      People with high blood pressure are at increased risk of heart complications. One of the&#xD;
      biggest problems is that the muscle wall of the heart thickens. The medical term for this is&#xD;
      Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). LVH makes the heart less efficient and patients with LVH&#xD;
      are at a 10 times greater risk of heart complications than those without it.&#xD;
&#xD;
      A goal of treating high blood pressure is to reduce the strain on the heart and to try to&#xD;
      decrease this thickening of the heart wall. However, even when blood pressure is treated and&#xD;
      is under control, LVH can persist, and as there are no symptoms to LVH it can go undetected.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Currently the only way to reduce LVH would be to lower blood pressure (BP) even further. This&#xD;
      can cause side-effects from low BP such as dizziness and nausea.&#xD;
&#xD;
      It has previously been shown that a drug allopurinol, which is usually used to treat gout had&#xD;
      the remarkable side effect of being able to reduce this thickening of the heart wall in&#xD;
      patients who had kidney disease or diabetes. The aim now is to see if patients with high&#xD;
      blood pressure and LVH may also benefit from treatment with allopurinol. If LVH can be&#xD;
      reduced using allopurinol, this might be a new way to reduce cardiac risk in these patients&#xD;
      without needing to lower BP even further.&#xD;
&#xD;
      In this study the aim is to recruit 66 patients who have treated and well controlled blood&#xD;
      pressure but may still have LVH. They will be screened for LVH by doing an ultrasound scan of&#xD;
      the heart and then that will be confirmed with a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, which&#xD;
      is a special scan of the heart using an MRI machine to measure the extent of thickening of&#xD;
      the heart muscle before they start on treatment of allopurinol or placebo.&#xD;
&#xD;
      As this is a clinical trial the participants will be randomly allocated to either allopurinol&#xD;
      or a dummy medication (placebo) and will receive one year of treatment so that the&#xD;
      investigators can compare if there is a difference between normal treatment and addition of&#xD;
      allopurinol. All the patients currently prescribed medication for their high blood pressure&#xD;
      will continue as normal on that. They will have a further MRI scan when their one year&#xD;
      treatment with allopurinol or placebo finishes.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Benefits - You will be monitored closely during the study and will be seen by a doctor with a&#xD;
      special interest in cardiology at each of your study visits and your medication will be&#xD;
      reviewed on a regular basis. The tests will give us information about the function of your&#xD;
      heart, kidneys and blood circulation. If any of these investigations, including information&#xD;
      from the MRI scan of your heart reveal any new abnormality we will either discuss this with&#xD;
      your hospital consultant or refer you to a specialist clinic (whichever seems most&#xD;
      appropriate). The study will not immediately benefit you, but if the results of the study are&#xD;
      positive it may change the practice of managing patients with treated high blood pressure but&#xD;
      may still have LVH, like you and potentially will have a great impact on other such patients&#xD;
      in the future. If so, you may gain eventually from our discovering a new treatment for your&#xD;
      condition.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Risks - The side effects of the allopurinol are very rare (less than 1 in 10,000 people) and&#xD;
      include headache, stomach upset, drowsiness and anaemia. Having blood tests taken can cause&#xD;
      some mild bruising. The flow mediated dilatation may cause temporary numbness. MRI scanning&#xD;
      is very safe and does not use radiation but some may feel a bit closed in. The scanner is a&#xD;
      bit noisy but you will be given ear protection which also plays music. Your kidney function&#xD;
      will be assessed before the scan to ensure it is safe to give you the contrast agent&#xD;
      described above.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">September 2014</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">June 2017</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">June 2017</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 4</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>The change LV mass index with allopurinol versus placebo.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.&#xD;
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of left ventricular mass. This single observer will analyze all the scans. The reproducibility of the left ventricular mass assessment using MRI will be derived for this observer.&#xD;
The change LV mass index in participants treated with allopurinol will be compared with placebo.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>% change in brachial artery diameter and change in augmentation index with allopurinol versus placebo.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery will be performed on two visits (baseline and month 12) according to the guide-lines set by the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. FMD will be expressed as percent change in diameter relative to the baseline diameter at rest. Analysis of all FMDs will be performed on Brachial Analyser software by a single trained investigator. This investigator will be blind to allocated treatments.&#xD;
. PWA and PWV will be determined in the arm by recording the radial waveforms and radial-carotid waveforms, respectively, at two visits (baseline and month 12) using the Sphygmocor system. The central augmentation index (AIx) will be corrected to a heart rate of 75 beats/min. A single trained investigator who is blind to the allocated treatment will perform the PWA and PWV.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change in average 24 hour BP control with allopurinol versus placebo.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Patient will undergo 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring after the screening and final visit (12 months) to assess the difference in blood pressure control with allopurinol versus placebo.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in C reactive protein (CRP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), troponin I (TnI), oxidized lactate dehydrogenase (oxidized LDH) and Procollagen carboxyl end peptide (PICP) with allopurinol versus placebo.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Research bloods will be taken at vist 2 (day 0) and visit 7 (12months) and will compare changes between groups.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Measure a change in left ventricular (LV) mass, LV end systolic volume, LV end diastolic volume or LV ejection fraction.</measure>
    <time_frame>Twelve months</time_frame>
    <description>Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.&#xD;
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of ventricular volumes (EDV, ESV, stroke volume), EF, and left ventricular mass. This single observer will analyze all the scans.&#xD;
The reproducibility of the left ventricular mass assessment using MRI will be derived for this observer.&#xD;
We will assess left ventricular (LV) mass, LV end systolic volume, LV end diastolic volume and LV ejection fraction in participants treated with allopurinol versus placebo.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The change in LV mass after subtracting the volume of scar with allopurinol versus placebo.</measure>
    <time_frame>12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.&#xD;
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of left ventricular mass and scar volume.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">72</enrollment>
  <condition>Hypertension</condition>
  <condition>Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Allopurinol</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Patients treated with Allopurinol 300mg daily for first month then 300mg twice daily for remainder trial.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo tablet</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Microcrystalline cellulose one tablet daily for first month then twice daily for remainder of trial.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Allopurinol</intervention_name>
    <description>Uric acid lowering medication.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Allopurinol</arm_group_label>
    <other_name>Zyloric</other_name>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Placebo</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo tablet</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  are aged over 18 years&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  previously diagnosed with essential hypertension&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  been on stable antihypertensive therapy for at least 3 months prior to study screening&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  have screening ambulatory bloods pressure monitoring (ABPM) or home based BP&#xD;
             monitoring if ABPM not tolerated with daytime average systolic &lt;135mmHg&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  have screening echocardiography based diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)&#xD;
             based on American society of echocardiography (ASE) criteria (males &gt;115g/m2, females&#xD;
             &gt;95g/m2)&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  documented intolerance to allopurinol&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  left Ventricular Ejection Fraction &lt;45% on echocardiography screening&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  severe aortic stenosis on echocardiography screening&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  active gout (i.e. flare within two years) or currently on allopurinol&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  severe hepatic disease&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  renal disease; chronic kidney disease (CKD) class 3B or worse&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  on azathioprine, 6 mercaptopurine, or theophylline&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  malignancy (receiving active treatment) or other life threatening diseases&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  pregnant or lactating women&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  any contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (claustrophobia, metal&#xD;
             implants, penetrative eye injury or exposure to metal fragments in eye requiring&#xD;
             medical attention).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  patients who have participated in any other clinical trial of an investigational&#xD;
             medicinal product within the previous 30 days will be excluded.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  patients who are unable to give informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  any other considered by a study physician to be inappropriate for inclusion.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Christopher Gingles, MBChB</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of Dundee</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Jacob George, MBChB</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>University of Dundee</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Dundee</city>
        <state>Tayside</state>
        <zip>DD1 9SY</zip>
        <country>United Kingdom</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United Kingdom</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>September 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>August 18, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>September 9, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">September 11, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>September 13, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>September 13, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 17, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Allopurinol</keyword>
  <keyword>Cardiac MRI (CMR)</keyword>
  <keyword>Flow mediated dilatation (FMD)</keyword>
  <keyword>Pulse wave analysis (PWA)</keyword>
  <keyword>Endothelial function</keyword>
  <keyword>Scar</keyword>
  <keyword>Hypertrophy</keyword>
  <keyword>Hypertension</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Hypertension</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Hypertrophy</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Allopurinol</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02237339
org study id: 2012CV15
secondary id: 2014-002083-33
nct id: NCT02237339
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
The presence of Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) confers high cardiovascular risk in
      hypertensive patients. LVH remains highly prevalent even when blood pressure (BP) is
      controlled. There is increasing evidence that a major non-haemodynamic contributor to LVH is
      oxidative stress. Allopurinol is known to markedly reduce oxidative stress.

      This pragmatic randomised double blind placebo controlled trial will examine whether
      allopurinol (300 mg bd) regresses LV mass as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in
      66 patients with treated hypertension but who have persisting LVH.

      Endothelial and vascular function will also be assessed via flow mediated dilatation (FMD)
      and pulse wave analysis respectively (PWA) and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress will be
      measured. The treatment (allopurinol or placebo) will last 12 months.
Does Allopurinol regress Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Treated Essential
      Hypertension?

      People with high blood pressure are at increased risk of heart complications. One of the
      biggest problems is that the muscle wall of the heart thickens. The medical term for this is
      Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). LVH makes the heart less efficient and patients with LVH
      are at a 10 times greater risk of heart complications than those without it.

      A goal of treating high blood pressure is to reduce the strain on the heart and to try to
      decrease this thickening of the heart wall. However, even when blood pressure is treated and
      is under control, LVH can persist, and as there are no symptoms to LVH it can go undetected.

      Currently the only way to reduce LVH would be to lower blood pressure (BP) even further. This
      can cause side-effects from low BP such as dizziness and nausea.

      It has previously been shown that a drug allopurinol, which is usually used to treat gout had
      the remarkable side effect of being able to reduce this thickening of the heart wall in
      patients who had kidney disease or diabetes. The aim now is to see if patients with high
      blood pressure and LVH may also benefit from treatment with allopurinol. If LVH can be
      reduced using allopurinol, this might be a new way to reduce cardiac risk in these patients
      without needing to lower BP even further.

      In this study the aim is to recruit 66 patients who have treated and well controlled blood
      pressure but may still have LVH. They will be screened for LVH by doing an ultrasound scan of
      the heart and then that will be confirmed with a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, which
      is a special scan of the heart using an MRI machine to measure the extent of thickening of
      the heart muscle before they start on treatment of allopurinol or placebo.

      As this is a clinical trial the participants will be randomly allocated to either allopurinol
      or a dummy medication (placebo) and will receive one year of treatment so that the
      investigators can compare if there is a difference between normal treatment and addition of
      allopurinol. All the patients currently prescribed medication for their high blood pressure
      will continue as normal on that. They will have a further MRI scan when their one year
      treatment with allopurinol or placebo finishes.

      Benefits - You will be monitored closely during the study and will be seen by a doctor with a
      special interest in cardiology at each of your study visits and your medication will be
      reviewed on a regular basis. The tests will give us information about the function of your
      heart, kidneys and blood circulation. If any of these investigations, including information
      from the MRI scan of your heart reveal any new abnormality we will either discuss this with
      your hospital consultant or refer you to a specialist clinic (whichever seems most
      appropriate). The study will not immediately benefit you, but if the results of the study are
      positive it may change the practice of managing patients with treated high blood pressure but
      may still have LVH, like you and potentially will have a great impact on other such patients
      in the future. If so, you may gain eventually from our discovering a new treatment for your
      condition.

      Risks - The side effects of the allopurinol are very rare (less than 1 in 10,000 people) and
      include headache, stomach upset, drowsiness and anaemia. Having blood tests taken can cause
      some mild bruising. The flow mediated dilatation may cause temporary numbness. MRI scanning
      is very safe and does not use radiation but some may feel a bit closed in. The scanner is a
      bit noisy but you will be given ear protection which also plays music. Your kidney function
      will be assessed before the scan to ensure it is safe to give you the contrast agent
      described above.
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: The change LV mass index with allopurinol versus placebo.
time frame: 12 months
description: Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of left ventricular mass. This single observer will analyze all the scans. The reproducibility of the left ventricular mass assessment using MRI will be derived for this observer.
The change LV mass index in participants treated with allopurinol will be compared with placebo.
measure: % change in brachial artery diameter and change in augmentation index with allopurinol versus placebo.
time frame: 12 months
description: Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery will be performed on two visits (baseline and month 12) according to the guide-lines set by the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. FMD will be expressed as percent change in diameter relative to the baseline diameter at rest. Analysis of all FMDs will be performed on Brachial Analyser software by a single trained investigator. This investigator will be blind to allocated treatments.
. PWA and PWV will be determined in the arm by recording the radial waveforms and radial-carotid waveforms, respectively, at two visits (baseline and month 12) using the Sphygmocor system. The central augmentation index (AIx) will be corrected to a heart rate of 75 beats/min. A single trained investigator who is blind to the allocated treatment will perform the PWA and PWV.
measure: Change in average 24 hour BP control with allopurinol versus placebo.
time frame: 12 months
description: Patient will undergo 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring after the screening and final visit (12 months) to assess the difference in blood pressure control with allopurinol versus placebo.
measure: The change in C reactive protein (CRP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), troponin I (TnI), oxidized lactate dehydrogenase (oxidized LDH) and Procollagen carboxyl end peptide (PICP) with allopurinol versus placebo.
time frame: 12 months
description: Research bloods will be taken at vist 2 (day 0) and visit 7 (12months) and will compare changes between groups.
measure: Measure a change in left ventricular (LV) mass, LV end systolic volume, LV end diastolic volume or LV ejection fraction.
time frame: Twelve months
description: Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of ventricular volumes (EDV, ESV, stroke volume), EF, and left ventricular mass. This single observer will analyze all the scans.
The reproducibility of the left ventricular mass assessment using MRI will be derived for this observer.
We will assess left ventricular (LV) mass, LV end systolic volume, LV end diastolic volume and LV ejection fraction in participants treated with allopurinol versus placebo.
measure: The change in LV mass after subtracting the volume of scar with allopurinol versus placebo.
time frame: 12 months
description: Baseline and repeat CMRI examinations at baseline (+/- 2 weeks) and after the final 12 month (+/- 2 weeks) visit will be performed on a 3T Magnetom scanners (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using dedicated phase array cardiac coils.
Analysis will be performed offline (Argus Software, Siemens) by a single blinded observer for the assessment of left ventricular mass and scar volume.
arm group label: Allopurinol
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Patients treated with Allopurinol 300mg daily for first month then 300mg twice daily for remainder trial.
arm group label: Placebo tablet
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: Microcrystalline cellulose one tablet daily for first month then twice daily for remainder of trial.
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Allopurinol
description: Uric acid lowering medication.
arm group label: Allopurinol
other name: Zyloric
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Placebo
arm group label: Placebo tablet
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Christopher Gingles, MBChB
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of Dundee
last name: Jacob George, MBChB
role: Study Director
affiliation: University of Dundee
facility: 
country: United Kingdom
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Hypertension
mesh term: Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
mesh term: Hypertrophy
mesh term: Allopurinol