<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02184026</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>MRA-778</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02184026</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child</brief_title>
  <acronym>ERRT-C</acronym>
  <official_title>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>University of Montana</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>University of Montana</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The study implements a trauma-related nightmare treatment for children aged 8 to 13 years.&#xD;
      Relevant outcome progress and outcome measures on symptoms, nightmare distress and duration,&#xD;
      academic indicators, and sleep quality will be examined.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Untreated trauma-related nightmares and sleep-related disorders are associated with chronic&#xD;
      health problems, burdening both the suffering individual and the health-care system. The&#xD;
      study implements an innovative, cost-efficient, nightmare treatment for trauma-exposed&#xD;
      children. It is one of the first randomized clinical trials with children, adapting an&#xD;
      efficacious adult therapy to a 5-session nightmare treatment for 8-13 year-olds. Trauma&#xD;
      nightmares are a mechanism in development and maintenance of secondary post-trauma&#xD;
      psychopathology, medical problems, and family dysfunction. Therefore, this treatment may&#xD;
      prevent long-term secondary health and behavioral problems. It provides a viable health care&#xD;
      option to Montanans, lessening long-term financial, medical, and behavioral health expenses.&#xD;
      Scientific models currently view PTSD treatment as primary, often leaving nightmares&#xD;
      untreated. That approach does not address the pernicious impact of trauma-nightmares in&#xD;
      individuals with sub-threshold PTSD or whose nightmares are a primary condition. The&#xD;
      theoretical innovation of this therapy can advance the field's understanding of the&#xD;
      development of trauma sequelae.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date>December 2012</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">April 2015</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">April 2015</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>N/A</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Single Group Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Trauma Related Nightmare Survey - Child Version (TRNS-C) Reflecting change in nightmare frequency, severity, and duration</measure>
    <time_frame>Participants will be assessed immediately after treatment which occurs on average for 5 weeks, and then will be assessed for follow-ups at 3 months &amp; 6 months post treatment.</time_frame>
    <description>The TRNS-C is a 14-item self-report measure that assesses current sleep quality, frequency, severity, and duration of nightmares, as well as cognitions, emotions, and behaviors related to nightmares in children.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>University of California at Los Angeles Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) (UPID)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The UPID screens for trauma exposure and posttraumatic symptoms among youth 7 to 18 years old. It queries types of trauma exposures, assesses for DSM-IV criteria of traumatic exposure and the past-month frequency of PTSD symptoms and two associated features of PTSD in childhood.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The RCADS is a 47-item scale that corresponds to the DSM-IV anxiety disorders and it incorporates a sub scale for major depression. There is a six-factor structure with the following sub scales: Separation Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Nightmare Distress Questionnaire - Modified (NDQ)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The NDQ is a 13-item self-report measure of nightmare related distress. Higher scores are significantly related to interest in therapy for nightmares.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The PSQI is a 19-item self-report measure of sleep quality and disturbance. It queries sleep quality and disturbances over the last month. Seven component scores are generated from this measure including: subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep problems, use of sleep medications, and daytime dysfunction.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire - Child Version (SDQ)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The SDQ is a self-report instrument designed for completion by 11-16 year-olds. Specifically, children respond to 25 attributes (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer relationships, and prosocial behaviors).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The CSHQ is a 33-item parent-report measure of sleep behavior that can be used by parents of school-aged children. A total score is derived from items from 8 sub scales: Bedtime Resistance, Sleep Onset Delay, Sleep Duration, Sleep Anxiety, Night Wakings, Parasomnias, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, and Daytime Sleepiness.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire - Parent Version (SDQ)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The SDQ has two parent versions designed for 4-10 year-olds and 11-16 year-olds. Specifically, parents respond to 25 attributes (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer relationships, and prosocial behavior).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The Parenting Stress Scale (PSS)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The PSS is an 18-item measure that assesses stress related to parenting (e.g., &quot;I am happy in my role as a parent,&quot; &quot;Having child(ren) has been a financial burden&quot;).</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - Parent self-report (PSQI)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>Similar to the child version, the adult form of the PSQI is a 19-item self-report measure of sleep quality and disturbance. It queries sleep quality and disturbances over the last month. It will serve as an index of secondary gain from treatment by way of parent's improved sleep quality and quantity.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>The FAD is a 53-item measure that identifies seven dimensions of family functioning: Problem Solving, Communication, Roles, Affective Responses, Affective Involvement, Behavior Control, and General Functioning.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Academic Grade Point Average (GPA)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>GPA will be collected as a measure of academic performance.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Trail Making Test</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A neuropsychological test of visual attention and task switching. It consists of two parts in which the subject is instructed to connect a set of 25 dots as fast as possible while still maintaining accuracy. It provides information about visual search speed, scanning, speed of processing, mental flexibility, as well as executive functioning.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), Letter-Number Sequencing subtest</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure of attention, short-term auditory memory, and processing speed.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), Digit Span subtest</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure of auditory short-term memory, attention, and concentration.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Child Attention Network Task</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A task designed to test attention shifting, alerting, orienting, and executive control networks.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Animal Sorting subtest</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure of attention and executive functions.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Auditory Attention &amp; Response Set subtest</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure of attention and executive functions.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Clocks subtest</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure of attention and executive functions.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Aimsweb Reading Curriculum-Based Measurement (R-CBM)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A measure designed to be a short (one minute) fluency measure used to regularly monitor the development of early literacy and early reading skills. Results can be used to evaluate individual student development.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Aimsweb MAZE Reading Curriculum-Based Measurement (MAZE-CBM)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A supplemental measure to provide a more complete picture of a child's reading skill. Maze is a multiple-choice task that children complete while reading silently. The first sentence of a 150-400 word passage is left intact. Thereafter, every 7th word is replaced with three words inside parenthesis. The child must choose the correct word.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <other_outcome>
    <measure>Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (PPVT-4)</measure>
    <time_frame>1 wk pre-treatment &amp; 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups</time_frame>
    <description>A standardized assessment that evaluates receptive language, as an index of cognitive ability.</description>
  </other_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>1</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">2</enrollment>
  <condition>Post Trauma Nightmares</condition>
  <condition>Traumatic Stress</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child utilizes behavioral and cognitive therapy techniques of exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Behavioral</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child</intervention_name>
    <description>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy (ERRT) will be conducted once a week for five consecutive weeks for approximately two hours per session. Each treatment session focuses on one of the following topics/skills: psycho-education and investment in treatment, psycho-education, Progressive Muscle Relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing, child-friendly exposure to the trauma-nightmare, and rescription.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Exposure, Relaxation, &amp; Rescripting Therapy-Child</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  children age 8-13 with PTSD Criterion A event as defined by the DSM-IV and nightmares&#xD;
             occurring at least once per week over a minimum of one month&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  have a parent or legal guardian who is able to participate in treatment assignments at&#xD;
             home and be able to read and speak English&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  adult, no traumatic experience, no nightmares, apparent psychosis, pervasive&#xD;
             developmental disorder, or mental retardation, not able to read and speak English&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>8 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>13 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Cameo Borntrager, Ph.D.</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>University of Montana</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University of Montana</name>
      <address>
        <city>Missoula</city>
        <state>Montana</state>
        <zip>59812</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>June 2016</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 23, 2013</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 2, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">July 8, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>June 17, 2016</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>June 17, 2016</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Estimate">June 20, 2016</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Principal Investigator</responsible_party_type>
    <investigator_affiliation>University of Montana</investigator_affiliation>
    <investigator_full_name>Cameo Borntrager</investigator_full_name>
    <investigator_title>Assistant Professor of Psychology</investigator_title>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>nightmare</keyword>
  <keyword>PTSD</keyword>
  <keyword>trauma</keyword>
  <keyword>children</keyword>
  <keyword>Children Age 8 to 13</keyword>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02184026
org study id: MRA-778
nct id: NCT02184026
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: No
The study implements a trauma-related nightmare treatment for children aged 8 to 13 years.
      Relevant outcome progress and outcome measures on symptoms, nightmare distress and duration,
      academic indicators, and sleep quality will be examined.
Untreated trauma-related nightmares and sleep-related disorders are associated with chronic
      health problems, burdening both the suffering individual and the health-care system. The
      study implements an innovative, cost-efficient, nightmare treatment for trauma-exposed
      children. It is one of the first randomized clinical trials with children, adapting an
      efficacious adult therapy to a 5-session nightmare treatment for 8-13 year-olds. Trauma
      nightmares are a mechanism in development and maintenance of secondary post-trauma
      psychopathology, medical problems, and family dysfunction. Therefore, this treatment may
      prevent long-term secondary health and behavioral problems. It provides a viable health care
      option to Montanans, lessening long-term financial, medical, and behavioral health expenses.
      Scientific models currently view PTSD treatment as primary, often leaving nightmares
      untreated. That approach does not address the pernicious impact of trauma-nightmares in
      individuals with sub-threshold PTSD or whose nightmares are a primary condition. The
      theoretical innovation of this therapy can advance the field's understanding of the
      development of trauma sequelae.
allocation: N/A
intervention model: Single Group Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Trauma Related Nightmare Survey - Child Version (TRNS-C) Reflecting change in nightmare frequency, severity, and duration
time frame: Participants will be assessed immediately after treatment which occurs on average for 5 weeks, and then will be assessed for follow-ups at 3 months & 6 months post treatment.
description: The TRNS-C is a 14-item self-report measure that assesses current sleep quality, frequency, severity, and duration of nightmares, as well as cognitions, emotions, and behaviors related to nightmares in children.
measure: University of California at Los Angeles Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) (UPID)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The UPID screens for trauma exposure and posttraumatic symptoms among youth 7 to 18 years old. It queries types of trauma exposures, assesses for DSM-IV criteria of traumatic exposure and the past-month frequency of PTSD symptoms and two associated features of PTSD in childhood.
measure: Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The RCADS is a 47-item scale that corresponds to the DSM-IV anxiety disorders and it incorporates a sub scale for major depression. There is a six-factor structure with the following sub scales: Separation Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder.
measure: Nightmare Distress Questionnaire - Modified (NDQ)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The NDQ is a 13-item self-report measure of nightmare related distress. Higher scores are significantly related to interest in therapy for nightmares.
measure: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The PSQI is a 19-item self-report measure of sleep quality and disturbance. It queries sleep quality and disturbances over the last month. Seven component scores are generated from this measure including: subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep problems, use of sleep medications, and daytime dysfunction.
measure: Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire - Child Version (SDQ)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The SDQ is a self-report instrument designed for completion by 11-16 year-olds. Specifically, children respond to 25 attributes (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer relationships, and prosocial behaviors).
measure: Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The CSHQ is a 33-item parent-report measure of sleep behavior that can be used by parents of school-aged children. A total score is derived from items from 8 sub scales: Bedtime Resistance, Sleep Onset Delay, Sleep Duration, Sleep Anxiety, Night Wakings, Parasomnias, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, and Daytime Sleepiness.
measure: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire - Parent Version (SDQ)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The SDQ has two parent versions designed for 4-10 year-olds and 11-16 year-olds. Specifically, parents respond to 25 attributes (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer relationships, and prosocial behavior).
measure: The Parenting Stress Scale (PSS)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The PSS is an 18-item measure that assesses stress related to parenting (e.g., "I am happy in my role as a parent," "Having child(ren) has been a financial burden").
measure: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - Parent self-report (PSQI)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: Similar to the child version, the adult form of the PSQI is a 19-item self-report measure of sleep quality and disturbance. It queries sleep quality and disturbances over the last month. It will serve as an index of secondary gain from treatment by way of parent's improved sleep quality and quantity.
measure: The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: The FAD is a 53-item measure that identifies seven dimensions of family functioning: Problem Solving, Communication, Roles, Affective Responses, Affective Involvement, Behavior Control, and General Functioning.
measure: Academic Grade Point Average (GPA)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: GPA will be collected as a measure of academic performance.
measure: Trail Making Test
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A neuropsychological test of visual attention and task switching. It consists of two parts in which the subject is instructed to connect a set of 25 dots as fast as possible while still maintaining accuracy. It provides information about visual search speed, scanning, speed of processing, mental flexibility, as well as executive functioning.
measure: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), Letter-Number Sequencing subtest
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure of attention, short-term auditory memory, and processing speed.
measure: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), Digit Span subtest
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure of auditory short-term memory, attention, and concentration.
measure: Child Attention Network Task
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A task designed to test attention shifting, alerting, orienting, and executive control networks.
measure: A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Animal Sorting subtest
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure of attention and executive functions.
measure: A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Auditory Attention & Response Set subtest
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure of attention and executive functions.
measure: A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment (NEPSY-II), Clocks subtest
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure of attention and executive functions.
measure: Aimsweb Reading Curriculum-Based Measurement (R-CBM)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A measure designed to be a short (one minute) fluency measure used to regularly monitor the development of early literacy and early reading skills. Results can be used to evaluate individual student development.
measure: Aimsweb MAZE Reading Curriculum-Based Measurement (MAZE-CBM)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A supplemental measure to provide a more complete picture of a child's reading skill. Maze is a multiple-choice task that children complete while reading silently. The first sentence of a 150-400 word passage is left intact. Thereafter, every 7th word is replaced with three words inside parenthesis. The child must choose the correct word.
measure: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (PPVT-4)
time frame: 1 wk pre-treatment & 1 wk, 3 mo, 6 mo post-treatment follow-ups
description: A standardized assessment that evaluates receptive language, as an index of cognitive ability.
arm group label: Exposure, Relaxation, & Rescripting Therapy-Child
arm group type: Experimental
description: Exposure, Relaxation, & Rescripting Therapy-Child utilizes behavioral and cognitive therapy techniques of exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring.
intervention type: Behavioral
intervention name: Exposure, Relaxation, & Rescripting Therapy-Child
description: Exposure, Relaxation, & Rescripting Therapy (ERRT) will be conducted once a week for five consecutive weeks for approximately two hours per session. Each treatment session focuses on one of the following topics/skills: psycho-education and investment in treatment, psycho-education, Progressive Muscle Relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing, child-friendly exposure to the trauma-nightmare, and rescription.
arm group label: Exposure, Relaxation, & Rescripting Therapy-Child
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 8 Years
maximum age: 13 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Cameo Borntrager, Ph.D.
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: University of Montana
facility: 
country: United States
responsible party type: Principal Investigator
investigator affiliation: University of Montana
investigator full name: Cameo Borntrager
investigator title: Assistant Professor of Psychology