<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02196155</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>32003B_152671</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02196155</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>Botulinum Toxin A Versus Steroids for the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis</brief_title>
  <official_title>Botulinum Toxin A Versus Steroids for the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: a Randomized Controlled Study</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Luzerner Kantonsspital</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Considering the costs for&#xD;
      health care and the temporary disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a&#xD;
      substantial (and at least partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and&#xD;
      national economics.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Nonoperative treatment is the mainstay of treating plantar fasciitis. However, so far no&#xD;
      treatment has proven to be superior to others, and there is national and international lack&#xD;
      of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators believe that the BTX-A injection in the gastrocnemius and the soleus&#xD;
      muscles is currently the most promising non-operative approach, because it is considered to&#xD;
      treat the disease at its origin (temporary weakening of the tight triceps surae muscle) as&#xD;
      opposed to simply alleviate the symptoms (e.g. plantar cortisone and other injections, ESWT).&#xD;
&#xD;
      However, to date there is no evidence in the literature that compares the new, promising&#xD;
      technique of BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex to a sham (saline) injection and&#xD;
      to the gold standard steroid injection at the plantar fascia insertion site. With the&#xD;
      intended study, this gap is going to be closed.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      Background&#xD;
&#xD;
      Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Extrapolating the rate of&#xD;
      2 million or 0.6% of the US American population being treated for plantar fasciitis every&#xD;
      year to Switzerland, the corresponding number of patients would amount to 50'000 patients&#xD;
      being treated for plantar fasciitis. Considering the costs for health care and the temporary&#xD;
      disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a substantial (and at least&#xD;
      partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and national economics.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Nonoperative treatment is the mainstay of treating plantar fasciitis. In the literature,&#xD;
      numerous operative and nonoperative treatment approaches for plantar fasciitis have been&#xD;
      suggested. However, so far no treatment has proven to be superior to others, and there is&#xD;
      national and international lack of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best. Numerous&#xD;
      prescriptions for unnecessary orthoses, expensive and painful shock waves, and complications&#xD;
      following steroid injection could be obviated, when the safe BTX-A injection demonstrates&#xD;
      good results.&#xD;
&#xD;
      The investigators believe that the BTX-A injection in the gastrocnemius and the soleus&#xD;
      muscles is currently the most promising non-operative approach, because it is considered to&#xD;
      treat the disease at its origin (temporary weakening of the tight triceps surae muscle) as&#xD;
      opposed to simply alleviate the symptoms (e.g. plantar cortisone and other injections, ESWT).&#xD;
&#xD;
      The high number of level I and II studies suggests that there is need for clarification and&#xD;
      evaluation of the efficacy of several non-operative and operative treatment approaches for&#xD;
      the chronic plantar fasciitis. However, to date there is no evidence in the literature that&#xD;
      compares the new, promising technique of BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex to a&#xD;
      sham (saline) injection and to the gold standard steroid injection at the plantar fascia&#xD;
      insertion site. With the intended study, this gap is going to be closed. Objective evaluation&#xD;
      of the BTX-A efficacy includes the randomized allocation of patients to the BTX-A, the&#xD;
      steroid, or the saline group, the blinded comparison to the sham (saline) injection, and&#xD;
      finally the MRI assessment at the beginning and at the end of the followup. With the evidence&#xD;
      resulting from this study, patients can be superiorly counseled in the future with regard to&#xD;
      efficacy of nonoperative treatment of plantar fasciitis.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Objective&#xD;
&#xD;
      Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Considering the costs for&#xD;
      health care and the temporary disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a&#xD;
      substantial (and at least partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and&#xD;
      national economics. However, so far no treatment has proven to be superior to others, and&#xD;
      there is national and international lack of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Methods&#xD;
&#xD;
      Patients are randomly allocated to three groups (1 - 3).&#xD;
&#xD;
      - Patient group 1 - combination of physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to&#xD;
      DiGiovanni et al and BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex: One hundred units (U)&#xD;
      of toxin are applied to each muscle belly, and 1 application of 50 U is administered to the&#xD;
      soleus, making a total of 250 U.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patient group 2 - physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to DiGiovanni combined&#xD;
           with cortisone injection into the plantar fascia&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Patient group 3 - physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to DiGiovanni and saline&#xD;
           injection into the gastroc-soleus complex (sham control group)&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Recruiting</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">July 2016</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Anticipated">December 2024</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Anticipated">December 2024</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>N/A</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in foot pain</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by VAS FA subjective foot score</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in patient health</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by SF 36</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in pain, disability and activity restriction in foot</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by foot functional index FFI</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>General pain</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by VAS pain scale</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Reduction of inflammation</measure>
    <time_frame>pre-intervention and at 12 months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by MRI</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of patients with complications</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Change from baseline in ankle range of motion</measure>
    <time_frame>at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months</time_frame>
    <description>Measured by goniometer</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>3</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Anticipated">54</enrollment>
  <condition>Plantar Fasciitis</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>BTX-A</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Botulinum A toxin is injected each 100 U in both gastrocnemius muscle-bellies and 50 U in the soleus muscle, i.e. a total of 250 U.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Cortisone</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Depot Medrol is injected at the plantar fascia insertion site at the calcaneus</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Saline</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Placebo saline is injected in both gastrocnemius muscle-bellies and in the soleus muscle</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Botulinum toxin A</intervention_name>
    <description>Researchers discovered in the 1950s that injecting overactive muscles with minute quantities of botulinum toxin type-A would result in decreased muscle activity. Botulinum toxin type-A has this effect because it prevents the vesicle where the acetylcholine is stored from binding to the membrane where the neurotransmitter can be released. Botulinum toxin type-A thus blocks the release of acetylcholine by the neuron. This will effectively weaken the muscle for a period of three to four months.&#xD;
In addition to its cosmetic applications, Botox is currently used in the treatment of spasms and dystonias, by weakening involved muscles, for the 60-70 day effective period of the drug. The main conditions treated with botulinum toxin are: Cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck), Blepharospasm (excessive blinking) etc..</description>
    <arm_group_label>BTX-A</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>cortisone</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Cortisone</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Saline</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Saline</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Clinical symptoms of a plantar fasciitis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Plantar fasciitis in MRI&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Exclusion of differential diagnoses&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Symptoms more than 3 months&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Absolution of 3 months unsuccessful treatment&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Written informed consent&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion Criteria&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Active differential diagnoses&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Contraindications: pregnancy and breastfeeding, infection at injection sites, allergy&#xD;
             against BTX-A&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Previous injections or surgery for plantar fasciitis&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Neurological diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>60 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Fabian Krause, PD Dr.</last_name>
    <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    <affiliation>Dep. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Berne, Switzerland</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_contact>
    <last_name>Fabian Krause, PD Dr.</last_name>
    <phone>0041316322220</phone>
    <email>fabian.krause@insel.ch</email>
  </overall_contact>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Dep, of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne</name>
      <address>
        <city>Berne</city>
        <zip>3010</zip>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Fabian Krause, PD Dr.</last_name>
      <phone>0041316322220</phone>
      <email>fabian.krause@insel.ch</email>
    </contact>
    <investigator>
      <last_name>Fabian Krause, PD Dr.</last_name>
      <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    </investigator>
    <investigator>
      <last_name>Maziar Shafighi, PD Dr.</last_name>
      <role>Sub-Investigator</role>
    </investigator>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kantonsspital Lucerne</name>
      <address>
        <city>Lucerne</city>
        <zip>6000</zip>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
    <status>Recruiting</status>
    <contact>
      <last_name>Lukas Iselin, Dr.</last_name>
      <phone>004141 205 4807</phone>
      <email>lukas.iselin@luks.ch</email>
    </contact>
    <investigator>
      <last_name>Lukas Iselin, Dr.</last_name>
      <role>Principal Investigator</role>
    </investigator>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Switzerland</country>
  </location_countries>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M. Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1431-8. doi: 10.1212/wnl.53.7.1431.</citation>
    <PMID>10534247</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Bihari K. Safety, effectiveness, and duration of effect of BOTOX after switching from Dysport for blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, and hemifacial spasm dystonia, and hemifacial spasm. Curr Med Res Opin. 2005 Mar;21(3):433-8. doi: 10.1185/030079905X36396.</citation>
    <PMID>15811212</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <results_reference>
    <citation>Elizondo-Rodriguez J, Araujo-Lopez Y, Moreno-Gonzalez JA, Cardenas-Estrada E, Mendoza-Lemus O, Acosta-Olivo C. A comparison of botulinum toxin a and intralesional steroids for the treatment of plantar fasciitis: a randomized, double-blinded study. Foot Ankle Int. 2013 Jan;34(1):8-14. doi: 10.1177/1071100712460215.</citation>
    <PMID>23386757</PMID>
  </results_reference>
  <verification_date>February 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>July 17, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>July 18, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">July 21, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>February 21, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>February 21, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">February 22, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>plantar fasciitis</keyword>
  <keyword>Botulinum toxin A</keyword>
  <keyword>Cortisone</keyword>
  <keyword>RCT</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Fasciitis</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Fasciitis, Plantar</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Cortisone</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Botulinum Toxins</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>Botulinum Toxins, Type A</mesh_term>
    <mesh_term>abobotulinumtoxinA</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02196155
org study id: 32003B_152671
nct id: NCT02196155
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: Yes
Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Considering the costs for
      health care and the temporary disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a
      substantial (and at least partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and
      national economics.

      Nonoperative treatment is the mainstay of treating plantar fasciitis. However, so far no
      treatment has proven to be superior to others, and there is national and international lack
      of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best.

      The investigators believe that the BTX-A injection in the gastrocnemius and the soleus
      muscles is currently the most promising non-operative approach, because it is considered to
      treat the disease at its origin (temporary weakening of the tight triceps surae muscle) as
      opposed to simply alleviate the symptoms (e.g. plantar cortisone and other injections, ESWT).

      However, to date there is no evidence in the literature that compares the new, promising
      technique of BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex to a sham (saline) injection and
      to the gold standard steroid injection at the plantar fascia insertion site. With the
      intended study, this gap is going to be closed.
Background

      Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Extrapolating the rate of
      2 million or 0.6% of the US American population being treated for plantar fasciitis every
      year to Switzerland, the corresponding number of patients would amount to 50'000 patients
      being treated for plantar fasciitis. Considering the costs for health care and the temporary
      disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a substantial (and at least
      partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and national economics.

      Nonoperative treatment is the mainstay of treating plantar fasciitis. In the literature,
      numerous operative and nonoperative treatment approaches for plantar fasciitis have been
      suggested. However, so far no treatment has proven to be superior to others, and there is
      national and international lack of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best. Numerous
      prescriptions for unnecessary orthoses, expensive and painful shock waves, and complications
      following steroid injection could be obviated, when the safe BTX-A injection demonstrates
      good results.

      The investigators believe that the BTX-A injection in the gastrocnemius and the soleus
      muscles is currently the most promising non-operative approach, because it is considered to
      treat the disease at its origin (temporary weakening of the tight triceps surae muscle) as
      opposed to simply alleviate the symptoms (e.g. plantar cortisone and other injections, ESWT).

      The high number of level I and II studies suggests that there is need for clarification and
      evaluation of the efficacy of several non-operative and operative treatment approaches for
      the chronic plantar fasciitis. However, to date there is no evidence in the literature that
      compares the new, promising technique of BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex to a
      sham (saline) injection and to the gold standard steroid injection at the plantar fascia
      insertion site. With the intended study, this gap is going to be closed. Objective evaluation
      of the BTX-A efficacy includes the randomized allocation of patients to the BTX-A, the
      steroid, or the saline group, the blinded comparison to the sham (saline) injection, and
      finally the MRI assessment at the beginning and at the end of the followup. With the evidence
      resulting from this study, patients can be superiorly counseled in the future with regard to
      efficacy of nonoperative treatment of plantar fasciitis.

      Objective

      Plantar fasciitis is the classic and most common type of heel pain. Considering the costs for
      health care and the temporary disability not only for work, plantar fasciitis results in a
      substantial (and at least partially unnecessary) burden for the Swiss health care system and
      national economics. However, so far no treatment has proven to be superior to others, and
      there is national and international lack of consensus of how to treat plantar fasciitis best.

      Methods

      Patients are randomly allocated to three groups (1 - 3).

      - Patient group 1 - combination of physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to
      DiGiovanni et al and BTX-A injection into the gastroc-soleus complex: One hundred units (U)
      of toxin are applied to each muscle belly, and 1 application of 50 U is administered to the
      soleus, making a total of 250 U.

        -  Patient group 2 - physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to DiGiovanni combined
           with cortisone injection into the plantar fascia

        -  Patient group 3 - physiotherapy, stretching exercises according to DiGiovanni and saline
           injection into the gastroc-soleus complex (sham control group)
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Change from baseline in foot pain
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
description: Measured by VAS FA subjective foot score
measure: Change from baseline in patient health
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
description: Measured by SF 36
measure: Change from baseline in pain, disability and activity restriction in foot
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
description: Measured by foot functional index FFI
measure: General pain
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
description: Measured by VAS pain scale
measure: Reduction of inflammation
time frame: pre-intervention and at 12 months
description: Measured by MRI
measure: Number of patients with complications
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
measure: Change from baseline in ankle range of motion
time frame: at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 (24) months
description: Measured by goniometer
arm group label: BTX-A
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Botulinum A toxin is injected each 100 U in both gastrocnemius muscle-bellies and 50 U in the soleus muscle, i.e. a total of 250 U.
arm group label: Cortisone
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: Depot Medrol is injected at the plantar fascia insertion site at the calcaneus
arm group label: Saline
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: Placebo saline is injected in both gastrocnemius muscle-bellies and in the soleus muscle
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Botulinum toxin A
description: Researchers discovered in the 1950s that injecting overactive muscles with minute quantities of botulinum toxin type-A would result in decreased muscle activity. Botulinum toxin type-A has this effect because it prevents the vesicle where the acetylcholine is stored from binding to the membrane where the neurotransmitter can be released. Botulinum toxin type-A thus blocks the release of acetylcholine by the neuron. This will effectively weaken the muscle for a period of three to four months.
In addition to its cosmetic applications, Botox is currently used in the treatment of spasms and dystonias, by weakening involved muscles, for the 60-70 day effective period of the drug. The main conditions treated with botulinum toxin are: Cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck), Blepharospasm (excessive blinking) etc..
arm group label: BTX-A
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: cortisone
arm group label: Cortisone
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Saline
arm group label: Saline
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: 60 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Fabian Krause, PD Dr.
role: Principal Investigator
affiliation: Dep. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Berne, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Berne, Switzerland
last name: Fabian Krause, PD Dr.
phone: 0041316322220
email: fabian.krause@insel.ch
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
investigator: 
investigator: 
facility: 
status: Recruiting
contact: 
investigator: 
country: Switzerland
citation: Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M. Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1431-8. doi: 10.1212/wnl.53.7.1431.
PMID: 10534247
citation: Bihari K. Safety, effectiveness, and duration of effect of BOTOX after switching from Dysport for blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, and hemifacial spasm dystonia, and hemifacial spasm. Curr Med Res Opin. 2005 Mar;21(3):433-8. doi: 10.1185/030079905X36396.
PMID: 15811212
citation: Elizondo-Rodriguez J, Araujo-Lopez Y, Moreno-Gonzalez JA, Cardenas-Estrada E, Mendoza-Lemus O, Acosta-Olivo C. A comparison of botulinum toxin a and intralesional steroids for the treatment of plantar fasciitis: a randomized, double-blinded study. Foot Ankle Int. 2013 Jan;34(1):8-14. doi: 10.1177/1071100712460215.
PMID: 23386757
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Fasciitis
mesh term: Fasciitis, Plantar
mesh term: Cortisone
mesh term: Botulinum Toxins
mesh term: Botulinum Toxins, Type A
mesh term: abobotulinumtoxinA