<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02240121</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>RECD3125</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT02240121</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>One Year Study of Rifaximin Delayed Release (DR) Tablets in Crohn's Disease</brief_title>
  <official_title>A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multicenter, Multiregional, One Year Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Twice Daily Oral Rifaximin Delayed Release Tablets for Induction of Clinical Remission With Endoscopic Response at 16 Weeks Followed by Clinical and Endoscopic Remission at 52 Weeks in Subjects With Active Moderate Crohn's Disease</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Bausch Health Americas, Inc.</agency>
      <agency_class>Industry</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
    <collaborator>
      <agency>Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. a division of Bausch Health US, LLC</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </collaborator>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Bausch Health Americas, Inc.</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>No</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The primary objective is to determine the efficacy of rifaximin DR also referred to as&#xD;
      Extended Intestinal Release (EIR) tablets vs. placebo for the induction of clinical remission&#xD;
      and endoscopic response following 16 weeks of treatment in participants presenting with&#xD;
      active moderate Crohn's disease. A key secondary objective is to evaluate clinical and&#xD;
      endoscopic remission following an additional 36 weeks of treatment.&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      RECD3125 is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, multiregional,&#xD;
      52-week study to assess the efficacy and safety of rifaximin DR tablets for the induction of&#xD;
      clinical remission and endoscopic response at 16 weeks followed by clinical and endoscopic&#xD;
      remission after 52 weeks of continuous therapy in participants with active moderate Crohn's&#xD;
      disease.&#xD;
&#xD;
      Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 allocation to rifaximin or placebo at the beginning&#xD;
      of the treatment period and will maintain treatment assignment throughout the duration of the&#xD;
      study. Ileocolonoscopy will be performed on all participants at baseline, between Weeks 16&#xD;
      and 17 (end of the Induction Phase), and following completion of the 36-week Long Term&#xD;
      Treatment Phase (Week 52).&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Terminated</overall_status>
  <why_stopped>
    The study was terminated early due to difficulty in enrollment and lack of clinical study drug&#xD;
    access.&#xD;
  </why_stopped>
  <start_date type="Actual">August 21, 2014</start_date>
  <completion_date type="Actual">August 16, 2017</completion_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">August 16, 2017</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 3</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 16</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 16</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 16</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response Between Week 16 and 17</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, Week 16 to 17</time_frame>
    <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD scores were calculated from centrally-read digital video of ileocolonoscopies performed at baseline and between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 52</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 52</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 52</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response at Week 52</measure>
    <time_frame>Baseline, Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained at Week 52. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Remission (Defined as CDAI Score of &lt;150) at Week 16</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical remission was defined as a CDAI score of less than 150 points at Week 16. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) Over Time</measure>
    <time_frame>From Baseline to Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to each clinical visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the last 7 days prior to each clinic visit in ≥ 80% of the study visits during the 52-week treatment period, including Week 52. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Number of Participants With SES-CD Score of 0 at Week 52</measure>
    <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
    <description>SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>2</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">80</enrollment>
  <condition>Crohn's Disease</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants will receive rifaximin EIR 400 milligrams (mg) tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Placebo Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>Participants will receive placebo matching to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Rifaximin EIR</intervention_name>
    <description>Rifaximin EIR tablets will be administered per the dose and schedule specified in the arm.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>Placebo</intervention_name>
    <description>Placebo matching to rifaximin EIR tablets will be administered per the dose and schedule specified in the arm.</description>
    <arm_group_label>Placebo</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        Major Inclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Moderate, non-fistulizing Crohn's disease in the ileum and/or colon prior to&#xD;
             randomization; and a SES-CD score of ≥7 (confirmed by centralized endoscopy reading).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  During the screening period, the participant will need to have certain average daily&#xD;
             scores for abdominal pain and average number of liquid/very soft stools.&#xD;
&#xD;
        Major Exclusion Criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Pregnant or lactating females. Females of childbearing (reproductive) potential must&#xD;
             have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening and agree to use a highly effective&#xD;
             method(s) of contraception throughout their participation in the study. Diagnosis of&#xD;
             ulcerative or indeterminate colitis.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Diagnosis of Celiac Disease.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Bowel surgery within 12 weeks prior to screening and/or has surgery planned or deemed&#xD;
             likely for Crohn's disease during the study period.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Presence of an ileostomy or colostomy.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Known fixed symptomatic stenosis/stricture of the small or large bowel.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Had more than one segmental colonic resection.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Had more than 3 small bowel resections or symptoms associated with short bowel&#xD;
             syndrome.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Current evidence of peritonitis.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History or evidence of colonic mucosal dysplasia.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  History or evidence of adenomatous colonic polyps that have not been removed.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Unwilling to be tapered off corticosteroids by Week 8 or the participant is known by&#xD;
             the Investigator to be steroid-dependent.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Has used a biologic within 12 weeks of randomization.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Used cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, or similar drugs&#xD;
             within 8 weeks prior to randomization.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Had rectal administration of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) or corticosteroid&#xD;
             enemas/foams/ suppositories within 2 weeks prior to screening visit.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>18 Years</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>N/A</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Lindsey Mathew</last_name>
    <role>Study Director</role>
    <affiliation>Bausch Health Americas, Inc.</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Scottsdale</city>
        <state>Arizona</state>
        <zip>85260</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Tucson</city>
        <state>Arizona</state>
        <zip>85712</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Tucson</city>
        <state>Arizona</state>
        <zip>85724</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Little Rock</city>
        <state>Arkansas</state>
        <zip>72205</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Little Rock</city>
        <state>Arkansas</state>
        <zip>72211</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>North Little Rock</city>
        <state>Arkansas</state>
        <zip>72117</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Bakersfield</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>93301</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Los Angeles</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>90067</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Mission Hills</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>91345</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Orange</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>92868</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>San Carlos</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>94070</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Torrance</city>
        <state>California</state>
        <zip>90503</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Denver</city>
        <state>Colorado</state>
        <zip>80045</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Bristol</city>
        <state>Connecticut</state>
        <zip>06010</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Danbury</city>
        <state>Connecticut</state>
        <zip>06810</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Boynton Beach</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33426</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Coral Springs</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33071</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Hialeah</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33012</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Homestead</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33030</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Largo</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33777</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Miami</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33165</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Orlando</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32803</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Orlando</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32806</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Orlando</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32825</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Plant City</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33563</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Winter Haven</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>33880</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Winter Park</city>
        <state>Florida</state>
        <zip>32789</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Atlanta</city>
        <state>Georgia</state>
        <zip>30342</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Columbus</city>
        <state>Georgia</state>
        <zip>31909</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Urbana</city>
        <state>Illinois</state>
        <zip>61801</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Evansville</city>
        <state>Indiana</state>
        <zip>47714</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Indianapolis</city>
        <state>Indiana</state>
        <zip>46202</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Pratt</city>
        <state>Kansas</state>
        <zip>67124</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Madisonville</city>
        <state>Kentucky</state>
        <zip>42431</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Chevy Chase</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>20815</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Towson</city>
        <state>Maryland</state>
        <zip>21204</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Marlborough</city>
        <state>Massachusetts</state>
        <zip>01752</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Ann Arbor</city>
        <state>Michigan</state>
        <zip>48109</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Chesterfield</city>
        <state>Michigan</state>
        <zip>48047</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Troy</city>
        <state>Michigan</state>
        <zip>48098</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Jackson</city>
        <state>Mississippi</state>
        <zip>39202</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Mexico</city>
        <state>Missouri</state>
        <zip>65265</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Reno</city>
        <state>Nevada</state>
        <zip>89511</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Marlton</city>
        <state>New Jersey</state>
        <zip>08053</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Teaneck</city>
        <state>New Jersey</state>
        <zip>07666</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Brooklyn</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>11235</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Flushing</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>11355</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Great Neck</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>11021</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>New York</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>10016</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Poughkeepsie</city>
        <state>New York</state>
        <zip>12601</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Chapel Hill</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>27599</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Jacksonville</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>28546</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Kinston</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>28501</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Raleigh</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>27612</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Salisbury</city>
        <state>North Carolina</state>
        <zip>28144</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Mentor</city>
        <state>Ohio</state>
        <zip>44060</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Oklahoma City</city>
        <state>Oklahoma</state>
        <zip>73104</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Sayre</city>
        <state>Pennsylvania</state>
        <zip>18840</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Charleston</city>
        <state>South Carolina</state>
        <zip>29406</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Greenville</city>
        <state>South Carolina</state>
        <zip>29615</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Orangeburg</city>
        <state>South Carolina</state>
        <zip>29118</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Sioux Falls</city>
        <state>South Dakota</state>
        <zip>57108</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Kingsport</city>
        <state>Tennessee</state>
        <zip>37660</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Nashville</city>
        <state>Tennessee</state>
        <zip>37211</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Arlington</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>76012</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Fort Worth</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>76104</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Pasadena</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>77505</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Southlake</city>
        <state>Texas</state>
        <zip>76092</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Clinton</city>
        <state>Utah</state>
        <zip>84015</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Leesburg</city>
        <state>Virginia</state>
        <zip>20176</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Bellevue</city>
        <state>Washington</state>
        <zip>98004</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <address>
        <city>Madison</city>
        <state>Wisconsin</state>
        <zip>53705-2281</zip>
        <country>United States</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>United States</country>
  </location_countries>
  <verification_date>September 2019</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>September 11, 2014</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>September 12, 2014</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">September 15, 2014</study_first_posted>
  <results_first_submitted>August 15, 2019</results_first_submitted>
  <results_first_submitted_qc>September 6, 2019</results_first_submitted_qc>
  <results_first_posted type="Actual">September 10, 2019</results_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>September 6, 2019</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>September 6, 2019</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 10, 2019</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>Crohn's Disease</keyword>
  <keyword>Rifaximin</keyword>
  <keyword>Clinical remission with endoscopic response</keyword>
  <keyword>Inflammatory Bowel Disease</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Crohn Disease</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <intervention_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Rifaximin</mesh_term>
  </intervention_browse>
  <provided_document_section>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Statistical Analysis Plan</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>No</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>Yes</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>January 3, 2019</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/21/NCT02240121/SAP_000.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
    <provided_document>
      <document_type>Study Protocol</document_type>
      <document_has_protocol>Yes</document_has_protocol>
      <document_has_icf>No</document_has_icf>
      <document_has_sap>No</document_has_sap>
      <document_date>May 15, 2014</document_date>
      <document_url>https://ClinicalTrials.gov/ProvidedDocs/21/NCT02240121/Prot_001.pdf</document_url>
    </provided_document>
  </provided_document_section>

  <clinical_results>

    <participant_flow>
      <recruitment_details>A total of 80 participants were enrolled and randomized in this study.</recruitment_details>
      <pre_assignment_details>Participants were randomized in a 1:1 allocation to Rifaximin EIR 800 mg or Placebo at the beginning of the treatment period and were maintained on that treatment assignment for 16 weeks, followed by an open-label long-term active treatment extension of an additional 36 weeks.</pre_assignment_details>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="P1">
          <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
          <description>Participants received rifaximin extended intestinal release (EIR) 400 milligrams (mg) tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="P2">
          <title>Placebo</title>
          <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <period_list>
        <period>
          <title>Overall Study</title>
          <milestone_list>
            <milestone>
              <title>STARTED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="40"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="40"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>COMPLETED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="22"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="20"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
            <milestone>
              <title>NOT COMPLETED</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="18"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="20"/>
              </participants_list>
            </milestone>
          </milestone_list>
          <drop_withdraw_reason_list>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Protocol Violation</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="1"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="2"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Physician Decision</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="0"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="1"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Change in protocol interpretation</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="1"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="0"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Lack of Efficacy</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="2"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="3"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Site closed</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="1"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="1"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Pregnancy</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="1"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="0"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Adverse Event</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="2"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="4"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Withdrawal by Subject</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="6"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="2"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Lost to Follow-up</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="3"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="4"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
            <drop_withdraw_reason>
              <title>Other than specified</title>
              <participants_list>
                <participants group_id="P1" count="1"/>
                <participants group_id="P2" count="3"/>
              </participants_list>
            </drop_withdraw_reason>
          </drop_withdraw_reason_list>
        </period>
      </period_list>
    </participant_flow>

    <baseline>
      <population>Intent-to-treat (ITT) population included all randomized participants who took at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="B1">
          <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
          <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="B2">
          <title>Placebo</title>
          <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="B3">
          <title>Total</title>
          <description>Total of all reporting groups</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <analyzed_list>
        <analyzed>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <scope>Overall</scope>
          <count_list>
            <count group_id="B1" value="40"/>
            <count group_id="B2" value="40"/>
            <count group_id="B3" value="80"/>
          </count_list>
        </analyzed>
      </analyzed_list>
      <measure_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Age</title>
          <units>years</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>Standard Deviation</dispersion>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="39.1" spread="15.2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="38.8" spread="14.1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="38.9" spread="14.6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Sex: Female, Male</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>Female</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="25"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="22"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="47"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Male</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="15"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="18"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="33"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>Hispanic or Latino</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Not Hispanic or Latino</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="38"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="39"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="77"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Unknown or Not Reported</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Race (NIH/OMB)</title>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <title>American Indian or Alaska Native</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Asian</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="1"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="1"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Black or African American</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="4"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="5"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>White</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="36"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="34"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="70"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>More than one race</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
                <category>
                  <title>Unknown or Not Reported</title>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="0"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) Score</title>
          <description>CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <units>units on a scale</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>Standard Deviation</dispersion>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="298.5" spread="56.89"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="296.9" spread="70.86"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="297.7" spread="63.85"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD)</title>
          <description>SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
          <units>units on a scale</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>Standard Deviation</dispersion>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="12.7" spread="5.85"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="13.8" spread="6.40"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="13.3" spread="6.11"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
        <measure>
          <title>Duration of Disease</title>
          <description>Duration of Crohn's disease at baseline was measured.</description>
          <units>years</units>
          <param>Mean</param>
          <dispersion>Standard Deviation</dispersion>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="B1" value="9.8" spread="7.69"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B2" value="9.6" spread="7.71"/>
                    <measurement group_id="B3" value="9.7" spread="7.65"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </measure_list>
    </baseline>

    <outcome_list>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 16</title>
        <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 16</title>
          <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="9"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="9"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 16</title>
        <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 16</title>
          <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="18"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="20"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 16</title>
        <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 16</title>
          <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="6"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="6"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response Between Week 16 and 17</title>
        <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD scores were calculated from centrally-read digital video of ileocolonoscopies performed at baseline and between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
        <time_frame>Baseline, Week 16 to 17</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response Between Week 16 and 17</title>
          <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD scores were calculated from centrally-read digital video of ileocolonoscopies performed at baseline and between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="16"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="16"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 52</title>
        <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 52</title>
          <description>Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="8"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 52</title>
        <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 52</title>
          <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="16"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="13"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 52</title>
        <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 52</title>
          <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="7"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="5"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Primary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response at Week 52</title>
        <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained at Week 52. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
        <time_frame>Baseline, Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response at Week 52</title>
          <description>Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained at Week 52. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="11"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="10"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Remission (Defined as CDAI Score of &lt;150) at Week 16</title>
        <description>Clinical remission was defined as a CDAI score of less than 150 points at Week 16. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 16</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Remission (Defined as CDAI Score of &lt;150) at Week 16</title>
          <description>Clinical remission was defined as a CDAI score of less than 150 points at Week 16. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="12"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="15"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) Over Time</title>
        <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to each clinical visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the last 7 days prior to each clinic visit in ≥ 80% of the study visits during the 52-week treatment period, including Week 52. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
        <time_frame>From Baseline to Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) Over Time</title>
          <description>Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to each clinical visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the last 7 days prior to each clinic visit in ≥ 80% of the study visits during the 52-week treatment period, including Week 52. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="0"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
      <outcome>
        <type>Secondary</type>
        <title>Number of Participants With SES-CD Score of 0 at Week 52</title>
        <description>SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
        <time_frame>Week 52</time_frame>
        <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
        <group_list>
          <group group_id="O1">
            <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
            <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
          <group group_id="O2">
            <title>Placebo</title>
            <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
          </group>
        </group_list>
        <measure>
          <title>Number of Participants With SES-CD Score of 0 at Week 52</title>
          <description>SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.</description>
          <population>ITT population included all randomized participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.</population>
          <units>Participants</units>
          <param>Count of Participants</param>
          <analyzed_list>
            <analyzed>
              <units>Participants</units>
              <scope>Measure</scope>
              <count_list>
                <count group_id="O1" value="40"/>
                <count group_id="O2" value="40"/>
              </count_list>
            </analyzed>
          </analyzed_list>
          <class_list>
            <class>
              <category_list>
                <category>
                  <measurement_list>
                    <measurement group_id="O1" value="2"/>
                    <measurement group_id="O2" value="3"/>
                  </measurement_list>
                </category>
              </category_list>
            </class>
          </class_list>
        </measure>
      </outcome>
    </outcome_list>

    <reported_events>
      <time_frame>Adverse events (AEs) were reported from time of signing informed consent until the end of the follow-up period (2 weeks after last treatment [Week 54]) .</time_frame>
      <desc>Occurrences of AEs or serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported during each study visit or by the participant outside of scheduled visits.</desc>
      <group_list>
        <group group_id="E1">
          <title>Rifaximin EIR 800 mg</title>
          <description>Participants received rifaximin EIR 400 mg tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
        <group group_id="E2">
          <title>Placebo</title>
          <description>Participants received placebo matched to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.</description>
        </group>
      </group_list>
      <serious_events>
        <default_vocab>MedDRA 21.0</default_vocab>
        <default_assessment>Systematic Assessment</default_assessment>
        <category_list>
          <category>
            <title>Total</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, all-cause mortality</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, serious adverse events</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="7" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="7" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Blood and lymphatic system disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Lymphadenopathy mediastinal</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Gastrointestinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Abdominal pain</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Anal fistula</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Crohn's disease</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Nausea</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Small intestinal obstruction</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Vomiting</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Ileus paralytic</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>General disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pyrexia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Infections and infestations</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Anal abscess</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Clostridium difficile infection</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Perirectal abscess</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Metabolism and nutrition disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypokalaemia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Osteoarthritis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Metastases to adrenals</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pulmonary mass</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Surgical and medical procedures</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cholecystectomy</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Vascular disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypertension</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
        </category_list>
      </serious_events>
      <other_events>
        <frequency_threshold>5</frequency_threshold>
        <default_vocab>MedDRA 21.0</default_vocab>
        <default_assessment>Systematic Assessment</default_assessment>
        <category_list>
          <category>
            <title>Total</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Total, other adverse events</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="24" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="24" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Blood and lymphatic system disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Anaemia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Ear and labyrinth disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Vertigo positional</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Gastrointestinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Abdominal pain</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Crohn's disease</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="8" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Diarrhoea</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Haemorrhoids</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Nausea</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Vomiting</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>General disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Fatigue</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Pyrexia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Infections and infestations</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Bronchitis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Clostridium difficile infection</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Cystitis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Folliculitis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Gastroenteritis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hordeolum</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Nasopharyngitis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="4" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Upper respiratory tract infection</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Urinary tract infection</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Injury, poisoning and procedural complications</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Arthropod bite</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Arthralgia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="6" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Back pain</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="1" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="5" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Osteoarthritis</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Nervous system disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Headache</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="3" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Psychiatric disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Depression</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Asthma</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Rhinorrhoea</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Alopecia</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Rash</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
          <category>
            <title>Vascular disorders</title>
            <event_list>
              <event>
                <sub_title>Hypertension</sub_title>
                <counts group_id="E1" subjects_affected="0" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
                <counts group_id="E2" subjects_affected="2" subjects_at_risk="40"/>
              </event>
            </event_list>
          </category>
        </category_list>
      </other_events>
    </reported_events>

    <certain_agreements>
      <pi_employee>Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.</pi_employee>
      <restrictive_agreement>Please contact Sponsor directly for additional information.</restrictive_agreement>
    </certain_agreements>
    <limitations_and_caveats>The study was terminated early due to difficulty in enrollment and lack of clinical study drug access. The efficacy results are not considered definitive and are considered for exploratory purposes only.</limitations_and_caveats>
    <point_of_contact>
      <name_or_title>Director of Clinical Operations</name_or_title>
      <organization>Bausch Health Americas, Inc.</organization>
      <phone>908-927-0873</phone>
      <email>lindsey.mathew@bauschhealth.com</email>
    </point_of_contact>
  </clinical_results>
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02240121
org study id: RECD3125
nct id: NCT02240121
lead sponsor: 
collaborator: 
has dmc: No
The primary objective is to determine the efficacy of rifaximin DR also referred to as
      Extended Intestinal Release (EIR) tablets vs. placebo for the induction of clinical remission
      and endoscopic response following 16 weeks of treatment in participants presenting with
      active moderate Crohn's disease. A key secondary objective is to evaluate clinical and
      endoscopic remission following an additional 36 weeks of treatment.
RECD3125 is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, multiregional,
      52-week study to assess the efficacy and safety of rifaximin DR tablets for the induction of
      clinical remission and endoscopic response at 16 weeks followed by clinical and endoscopic
      remission after 52 weeks of continuous therapy in participants with active moderate Crohn's
      disease.

      Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 allocation to rifaximin or placebo at the beginning
      of the treatment period and will maintain treatment assignment throughout the duration of the
      study. Ileocolonoscopy will be performed on all participants at baseline, between Weeks 16
      and 17 (end of the Induction Phase), and following completion of the 36-week Long Term
      Treatment Phase (Week 52).
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 16
time frame: Week 16
description: Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 16
time frame: Week 16
description: Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 16
time frame: Week 16
description: Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 16 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response Between Week 16 and 17
time frame: Baseline, Week 16 to 17
description: Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD scores were calculated from centrally-read digital video of ileocolonoscopies performed at baseline and between Week 16 and Week 17. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1) at Week 52
time frame: Week 52
description: Clinical symptom remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1). CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 2) at Week 52
time frame: Week 52
description: Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) at Week 52
time frame: Week 52
description: Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the 7 days prior to the Week 52 visit. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants With Endoscopic Response at Week 52
time frame: Baseline, Week 52
description: Endoscopic response defined as a ≥ 3-point decrease in the SES-CD from baseline to the SES-CD score obtained at Week 52. SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Remission (Defined as CDAI Score of <150) at Week 16
time frame: Week 16
description: Clinical remission was defined as a CDAI score of less than 150 points at Week 16. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants Who Achieved Clinical Symptom Remission (From CDAI Item 1 and 2 Both) Over Time
time frame: From Baseline to Week 52
description: Clinical Symptom Remission defined by (1) the total number of liquid/very soft stools for the 7 days prior to each clinical visit being ≤ 10 (from CDAI Item 1); and (2) an abdominal pain (graded from 0 [less severe]-3 [more severe]) rating of ≤ 1 (from CDAI Item 2) on each day for the last 7 days prior to each clinic visit in ≥ 80% of the study visits during the 52-week treatment period, including Week 52. CDAI score is a weighted, composite index of 8 items (stool frequency, severity of abdominal pain, degree of general well-being, presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations including fistula, use or non-use of antidiarrheal agents, presence or absence of abdominal mass, hematocrit, and body weight). Scores range from 0 to approximately 600 with higher scores indicating greater disease severity.
measure: Number of Participants With SES-CD Score of 0 at Week 52
time frame: Week 52
description: SES-CD is a validated instrument reflecting an endoscopist's global appraisal of mucosal lesions in Crohn's disease. SES-CD grades lesions by location (5 bowel segments: ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) using 4 endoscopic variables: ulcer size, extent of ulcerated surface, extent of affected surface, and presence/type of narrowing. The total SES-CD was calculated as the sum of the 4 variables for the 5 bowel segments: rectum, left colon, transverse colon, right colon, and ileum. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe disease.
arm group label: Rifaximin EIR 800 mg
arm group type: Experimental
description: Participants will receive rifaximin EIR 400 milligrams (mg) tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.
arm group label: Placebo
arm group type: Placebo Comparator
description: Participants will receive placebo matching to rifaximin EIR tablets orally twice daily for 52 weeks.
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Rifaximin EIR
description: Rifaximin EIR tablets will be administered per the dose and schedule specified in the arm.
arm group label: Rifaximin EIR 800 mg
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: Placebo
description: Placebo matching to rifaximin EIR tablets will be administered per the dose and schedule specified in the arm.
arm group label: Placebo
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 18 Years
maximum age: N/A
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Lindsey Mathew
role: Study Director
affiliation: Bausch Health Americas, Inc.
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country: United States
responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Crohn Disease
mesh term: Rifaximin
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limitations and caveats: The study was terminated early due to difficulty in enrollment and lack of clinical study drug access. The efficacy results are not considered definitive and are considered for exploratory purposes only.
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