<clinical_study>
  <!-- This xml conforms to an XML Schema at:
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/html/images/info/public.xsd -->
  <required_header>
    <download_date>ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023</download_date>
    <link_text>Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.</link_text>
    <url>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01728155</url>
  </required_header>
  <id_info>
    <org_study_id>LINES</org_study_id>
    <nct_id>NCT01728155</nct_id>
  </id_info>
  <brief_title>European Low and Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma Protocol</brief_title>
  <official_title>European Low and Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma Protocol</official_title>
  <sponsors>
    <lead_sponsor>
      <agency>Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe</agency>
      <agency_class>Other</agency_class>
    </lead_sponsor>
  </sponsors>
  <source>Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe</source>
  <oversight_info>
    <has_dmc>Yes</has_dmc>
  </oversight_info>
  <brief_summary>
    <textblock>
      The European study, LINES 2009 (Low and Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma European Study),&#xD;
      groups together in a single protocol the treatment of all patients with &quot;non high risk&quot;&#xD;
      neuroblastoma (NB), with stratification into two groups: low risk and intermediate risk.&#xD;
      These two separate cohorts are included in one single protocol to enable patient data from&#xD;
      these two groups to be entered into a common database, as the current prognostic&#xD;
      classifications determining treatment may evolve further with subsequent more detailed&#xD;
      molecular analysis of the tumours.&#xD;
&#xD;
      1. LOW RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
      The Low Risk Study is proposed in order to:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  minimise the amount of treatment (chemotherapy and surgery) for all appropriate low risk&#xD;
           patients, who in previous studies have been shown to have an excellent long-term outcome&#xD;
           (as in the SIOPEN 99.1-2 infant neuroblastoma studies where the overall survival was&#xD;
           greater than 97%(H. Rubie, JCO).&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  improve the EFS and maintain the OS (overall survival) in L2 and Ms patients with a&#xD;
           SCA(Segmental Cromosomal Aberration) genomic profile tumour (presence of any segmental&#xD;
           chromosomal change (SCA)) by electively treating these patients with chemotherapy&#xD;
           despite the absence of symptoms.&#xD;
&#xD;
           2) INTERMEDIATE RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
      The Intermediate Risk Study is proposed in order to:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  reduce the amount of chemotherapy for differentiating histology INRG (International&#xD;
           Neuroblastoma Risk Group) stage L2 NB and ganglioneuroblastoma nodular patients who in&#xD;
           previous SIOPEN study have been shown to have an excellent long-term outcome;&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  increase the amount of treatment (radiotherapy and 13-cis-RA (13-cis-Retinoic Acid) for&#xD;
           poorly differentiated or undifferentiated histology INRG stage L2 NB or&#xD;
           ganglioneuroblastoma nodular patients in order to improve the EFS registered in the&#xD;
           previous SIOPEN study;&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  improve the EFS (Event Free Survival) of MYCN (V-Myc myelocytomatosis viral related&#xD;
           oncogene, NB derived ,avian )amplified INSS (International NB Staging System) stage 1 NB&#xD;
           patients with the introduction of adjuvant treatment;&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  maintain the very good results obtained in previous SIOPEN study for INRG stage M&#xD;
           infants with a moderate treatment.&#xD;
&#xD;
      NEONATAL SUPRARENAL MASSES&#xD;
&#xD;
      The incidence of suprarenal tumours/masses has increased in the last decade due to the&#xD;
      expanded use of prenatal ultrasonography in routine obstetric care and in the neonatal and&#xD;
      early infancy care. The differential diagnosis of these masses ranges from benign (adrenal&#xD;
      haemorrhage) to malignant processes (neuroblastoma, adrenal carcinoma). Knowledge on&#xD;
      perinatal suprarenal masses, although based on a relatively large literature, is scattered&#xD;
      amongst studies on very few cases with no methodical approach and often short follow up.&#xD;
      Therefore, the optimal management of these masses has not been clearly defined. Neuroblastoma&#xD;
      at this age is an intriguing entity with a very good prognosis in most cases. The SIOPEN&#xD;
      Group, based on their results in the first multicenter European Trial for infants with&#xD;
      neuroblastoma (INES) and the world-wide experience provided in the literature, is launching&#xD;
      this European surveillance study (Multi-centre, non-blinded, one armed prospective trial) for&#xD;
      these masses. Treatment: Observation&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </brief_summary>
  <detailed_description>
    <textblock>
      1. LOW RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
      The low risk group of patients includes NB patients without MYCN amplification with or&#xD;
      without life threatening symptoms in the following clinical situations:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Children aged ≤ 18 months with localised neuroblastoma associated with image defined&#xD;
           risk factors precluding upfront surgery (stage INRG L2).&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Children aged ≤ 12 months with disseminated neuroblastoma without bone, pleura, lung or&#xD;
           CNS (Central Nervous System) disease (stage INRG Ms)&#xD;
&#xD;
           2) INTERMEDIATE RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
      The intermediate risk group of patients includes NB patients in the following clinical&#xD;
      situations:&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Children aged &gt;18 months with localised neuroblastoma without MYCN amplification,&#xD;
           associated with image defined risk factors precluding upfront surgery (stage INRG L2).&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Children aged ≤12 months with disseminated neuroblastoma involving bone, pleura, lung&#xD;
           and/or CNS (stage INRG M), without MYCN amplification.&#xD;
&#xD;
        -  Children with localised resected NB (stage INSS I) with MYCN amplification. NEONATAL&#xD;
           SUPRARENAL MASSES&#xD;
&#xD;
      The incidence of suprarenal tumours/masses has increased in the last decade due to the&#xD;
      expanded use of prenatal ultrasonography in routine obstetric care and in the neonatal and&#xD;
      early infancy care. The differential diagnosis of these masses ranges from benign (adrenal&#xD;
      haemorrhage) to malignant processes (neuroblastoma, adrenal carcinoma). Knowledge on&#xD;
      perinatal suprarenal masses, although based on a relatively large literature, is scattered&#xD;
      amongst studies on very few cases with no methodical approach and often short follow up.&#xD;
      Therefore, the optimal management of these masses has not been clearly defined. Neuroblastoma&#xD;
      at this age is an intriguing entity with a very good prognosis in most cases. The SIOPEN&#xD;
      Group, based on their results in the first multicenter European Trial for infants with&#xD;
      neuroblastoma (INES) and the world-wide experience provided in the literature, is launching&#xD;
      this European surveillance study (Multi-centre, non-blinded, one armed prospective trial) for&#xD;
      these masses. Treatment: Observation&#xD;
    </textblock>
  </detailed_description>
  <overall_status>Completed</overall_status>
  <start_date type="Actual">January 1, 2011</start_date>
  <primary_completion_date type="Actual">December 31, 2022</primary_completion_date>
  <phase>Phase 3</phase>
  <study_type>Interventional</study_type>
  <has_expanded_access>No</has_expanded_access>
  <study_design_info>
    <allocation>Randomized</allocation>
    <intervention_model>Parallel Assignment</intervention_model>
    <primary_purpose>Treatment</primary_purpose>
    <masking>None (Open Label)</masking>
  </study_design_info>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Primary aim for Low Risk Neuroblastoma</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
    <description>To demonstrate through a randomisation between observation and chemotherapy that you can safely reduce treatment in a subgroup of L2 low risk patients (those without life threatening symptoms (LTS) and without any segmental chromosomal changes (SCA), i.e. study group 1) by giving less treatment than has been given historically while maintaining an excellent OS of 100%.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Primary aim for Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma</measure>
    <time_frame>2 years</time_frame>
    <description>To improve the EFS to 70% with an OS of 90% of INRG stage L2 patients over the age of 18 months, with poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumour histology (INPC criteria), by the addition of radiotherapy and 13-cis RA compared to historical conventional treatment (study group 8).</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <primary_outcome>
    <measure>Primary Aim for Neonatal Suprarenal Masses</measure>
    <time_frame>3 year</time_frame>
    <description>To maintain a 3-year event free survival over 80% with a non-operative therapeutic approach (serial monitoring, surgery if warranted) in infants with a localised suprarenal mass discovered ante or neonatally.</description>
  </primary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To maintain a 2 year EFS of at least 90% and an OS of at least 95% in L2 patients with LTS without SCA (study group 2)</measure>
    <time_frame>2 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To maintain the 2 year EFS of 85% and an OS of at least 98% in Ms patients without SCA (study groups 4 and 5)</measure>
    <time_frame>2 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To improve the 2 year EFS to at least 90% and maintain the OS of close to 100% in L2 patients with SCA (Study Group 3) and improve the 2 year EFS to over 70% in Ms patients with SCA (study group 6)</measure>
    <time_frame>2 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To evaluate adherence to the protocol recommendations regarding LTS</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To reduce surgical morbidity by promoting strict adherence to Image Defined-Risk Factors (IDRFs) to determine surgical resectability</measure>
    <time_frame>5 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To define the long term follow-up and natural history of the Stage L2 non-resected masses that have remained IDRF positive at the end of treatment (study groups 1-3).</measure>
    <time_frame>5 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To confirm in a larger patient cohort the excellent OS of 95% in stage M neuroblastoma without MYCN amplification, less than 12 months of age, when treated with moderate therapy (study group 10).</measure>
    <time_frame>3 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>Maintain the results of 3yr-EFS of 90% and 3yr-OS of 100% in stage L2 patients over the age of 18 months, with differentiating neuroblastoma or differentiating ganglioneuroblastoma nodular, despite a treatment reduction (group7)</measure>
    <time_frame>3 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To improve the 3 year EFS to at least 50% and the 3 year OS to 80% in INSS stage I patients with MYCN amplified neuroblastoma by the addition of adjuvant treatment (study group 9).</measure>
    <time_frame>3 year</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To evaluate the impact of the tumour genomic profile on patient outcome, in order to consider its role in the treatment stratification of these intermediate risk patients (all study groups).</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To manage infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally with a uniform approach in Europe in a multicentre setting.</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To maintain an excellent overall survival with a non-operative therapeutic approach (serial monitoring, surgery if warranted) in infants with a localised suprarenal mass discovered ante or neonatally.</measure>
    <time_frame>3 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To determine the 3-year surgery-free survival in infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally and managed conservatively (non initial surgery).</measure>
    <time_frame>3 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To find out the natural history of perinatal suprarenal masses, according to the definitions set up for the study.</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To study the kinetics of regression in those suspected suprarenal neuroblastomas in infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally and managed conservatively (non initial surgery).</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To collect tissue from those suprarenal masses excised in order to perform standard and investigational pathological and biological studies (INPC, MYCN, 1p, 11).</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <secondary_outcome>
    <measure>To collect frozen plasma from all patients included in the study in order to perform research.</measure>
    <time_frame>5 years</time_frame>
  </secondary_outcome>
  <number_of_arms>11</number_of_arms>
  <enrollment type="Actual">685</enrollment>
  <condition>LOW AND INTERMEDIATE PAEDIATRIC NEUROBLASTOMA AND NEONATAL SUPRARENAL MASSES</condition>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group1</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>initial observation (chemotherapy is only given if there is subsequent progression)</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 1: chemotherapy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Active Comparator</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy and surgery</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 2</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy and surgery</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 3</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy and surgery</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 4</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>No Intervention</arm_group_type>
    <description>Observation</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 5</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 6</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy and surgery</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 7</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy and surgery</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 8</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and 13 cis-retinoic acid</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 9</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and 13 cis-retinoic acid</description>
  </arm_group>
  <arm_group>
    <arm_group_label>Group 10</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_type>Experimental</arm_group_type>
    <description>chemotherapy, surgery,</description>
  </arm_group>
  <intervention>
    <intervention_type>Drug</intervention_type>
    <intervention_name>chemotherapy</intervention_name>
    <arm_group_label>Group 10</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 1: chemotherapy</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 2</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 3</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 5</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 6</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 7</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 8</arm_group_label>
    <arm_group_label>Group 9</arm_group_label>
  </intervention>
  <eligibility>
    <criteria>
      <textblock>
        1. LOW RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria for the whole low risk group:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  informed consent and follow-up warranted; group assignment completed within 6&#xD;
                  weeks from diagnosis; no prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Biopsy proven neuroblastoma&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Tumour genomic profile obtained in a NRL according to guidelines&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN non-amplified&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria for the whole low risk group:&#xD;
&#xD;
             * Diagnosis of ganglioneuroma or ganglioneuroblastoma intermixed INRG Stage L2&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
             *age ≤ 18 months&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  any metastatic site&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN amplification&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age &gt; 18 months INRG Stage Ms&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
             * age ≤ 12 months&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  bone, pleura/lung and/or CNS metastasis&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN amplification&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age &gt; 12 months&#xD;
&#xD;
          2. INTERMEDIATE RISK STUDY&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria for the whole intermediate risk group:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  informed consent and follow-up warranted; group assignment completed within 6&#xD;
                  weeks from diagnosis; no prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Tumour material available for biological studies according to guidelines&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Biopsy proven neuroblastoma confirmed in a National Reference Laboratory (NRL)&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria for the whole intermediate risk group:&#xD;
&#xD;
             * Diagnosis of ganglioneuroma or ganglioneuroblastoma intermixed&#xD;
&#xD;
             INRG Stage L1 and INSS stage 1:&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
             * MYCN amplified&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN non-amplified&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  INSS stages 2, 3, 4, 4s&#xD;
&#xD;
             INRG Stage L2:&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Histology: differentiating, poorly differentiated, undifferentiated neuroblastoma&#xD;
                  or ganglioneuroblastoma nodular&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN non-amplified&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age &gt;18 months&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  neuroblastoma NOS&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN amplification.&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age ≤ 18 months&#xD;
&#xD;
             INRG Stage M:&#xD;
&#xD;
             Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  Any histology&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN non-amplified&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age ≤ 12 months&#xD;
&#xD;
             Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  MYCN amplification&#xD;
&#xD;
               -  age &gt; 12 months&#xD;
&#xD;
          3. NEONATAL SUPRARENAL MASSES&#xD;
&#xD;
        Inclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age less than or equal to 90 days when the suprarenal mass is discovered.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Suprarenal mass detected by ultrasound and/or MRI. The suprarenal mass may be cystic&#xD;
             and/or solid, but IT CANNOT REACH THE MIDLINE AND should MEASURE ≤ 5 CM AT THE LARGEST&#xD;
             DIAMETER.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  No regional involvement: MRI scan does not show evidence of positive&#xD;
             ipsi/contralateral lymph nodes or other spread outside the suprarenal gland.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  No metastatic involvement.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Frozen plasma available.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Informed consent.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Availability to do the adequate follow-up&#xD;
&#xD;
        Exclusion criteria:&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Age older than 90 days.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Suprarenal mass bigger than 5 cm.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Regional involvement.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Metastatic involvement.&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Inability to undertake mandatory diagnostic studies (biological markers, US, MRI,&#xD;
             MIBG).&#xD;
&#xD;
          -  Follow-up not guaranteed by parents/guardians.&#xD;
      </textblock>
    </criteria>
    <gender>All</gender>
    <minimum_age>90 Days</minimum_age>
    <maximum_age>18 Years</maximum_age>
    <healthy_volunteers>No</healthy_volunteers>
  </eligibility>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Adela Cañete, MD, PhD</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Gudrun Schleiermacher</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Institut Curie</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Kate Wheeler</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Oxford: John Radcliffe Hospital, UK</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Andrea di Cataldo</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Policlinico Universitario, Italy</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <overall_official>
    <last_name>Vassilius Papadakis</last_name>
    <role>Study Chair</role>
    <affiliation>Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens</affiliation>
  </overall_official>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Monash Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Clayton</city>
        <country>Australia</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Perth Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Nedlands</city>
        <country>Australia</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Sydney Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sydney</city>
        <country>Australia</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>PHO Med Uni Graz</name>
      <address>
        <city>Graz</city>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Department Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde</name>
      <address>
        <city>Innsbruck</city>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Landes-Frauen- und Kinderklinik Linz</name>
      <address>
        <city>Linz</city>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>St. Anna Kinderspital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Wien</city>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Univ Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde</name>
      <address>
        <city>Wien</city>
        <country>Austria</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hôpital Universitaire d'Anvers (UZA- Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Antwerpen</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bruxelles</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>UCL Clíniques Universitaires Saint - Luc</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bruxelles</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bruxelles</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent</name>
      <address>
        <city>Gent</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven</name>
      <address>
        <city>Leuven</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>CHC- Clinique de l'Espérance à Liège</name>
      <address>
        <city>Liège</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>CHR de la Citadelle</name>
      <address>
        <city>Liège</city>
        <country>Belgium</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Aarhus University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Aarhus</city>
        <country>Denmark</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>National State Hospital (Department of Pediatrics)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Copenhagen</city>
        <country>Denmark</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University Hospital of Odense (H.C. Andersen Children´s Hospital)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Odense</city>
        <country>Denmark</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Soroka Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Beersheba</city>
        <country>Israel</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Rambam Health Care Campus</name>
      <address>
        <city>Haifa</city>
        <country>Israel</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Schneider Children's Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Petah Tikva</city>
        <country>Israel</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ichilov Hospital Sourasky Medical Center</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tel aviv</city>
        <country>Israel</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Pediatrico G. Salesi di Ancona (Centro Regionale Oncoematologia Pediatrica)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Ancona</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria Ospedale Policlinico Consorziale</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bari</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bergamo</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliero- Universitaria di Bologna- Policlinico S. Orsola - Malpighi</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bologna</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili di Brescia</name>
      <address>
        <city>Brescia</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Microcitemico</name>
      <address>
        <city>Cagliari</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Oncology Policlinico- Department of Hematology</name>
      <address>
        <city>Catania</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara- Oncoematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Ferrara</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedale Pediatrico Meyer</name>
      <address>
        <city>Firenze</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Oncology Gaslini Children's Hospital of Genova- Department of Hematology</name>
      <address>
        <city>Genova</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano- Onco-ematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Milano</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena- Onco-ematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Modena</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera Pediatrica Santobono Pausilipon</name>
      <address>
        <city>Napoli</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Sec. Università degli studi di Napoli - Policlinico</name>
      <address>
        <city>Napoli</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Padova- Clínica di Onco-ematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Padova</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale dei Bambini G. Di Cristina</name>
      <address>
        <city>Palermo</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria di Parma- Oncoematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Parma</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Fondazione IRCCS - Policlinico San Matteo - Oncoematologia Pediadrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Pavia</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda USL Di Pescara - U.O.C di Ematologia Clinica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Pescara</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Infermi di Rimini - U.O. Pediatria</name>
      <address>
        <city>Rimini</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù- Oncoematologia pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Roma</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli</name>
      <address>
        <city>Roma</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Policlinico Umberto I</name>
      <address>
        <city>Roma</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Giovanni Rotondo</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese - Clinica Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Siena</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Azienda Sanitaria Ospedaliera O.I.R.M.- Sant' Anna</name>
      <address>
        <city>Torino</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Cardinale G. Panico</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tricase</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale Infantile Burlo Garofolo ( U.O. Emato-Oncologia Pediatrica - Università degli studi di Trieste)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Trieste</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Policlinico G.B. Rossi- Oncoematologia Pediatrica</name>
      <address>
        <city>Verona</city>
        <country>Italy</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Haukeland University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bergen</city>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet. (National coordinator)</name>
      <address>
        <city>Oslo</city>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>University Hospital of Northern Norway</name>
      <address>
        <city>Tromsø</city>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>St Olavs University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Trondheim</city>
        <country>Norway</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital de Sabadell</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sabadell</city>
        <state>Barcelona</state>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Montepríncipe</name>
      <address>
        <city>Boadilla del Monte</city>
        <state>Madrid</state>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario de Canarias</name>
      <address>
        <city>La Laguna</city>
        <state>Tenerife</state>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital General Universitario de Albacete</name>
      <address>
        <city>Albacete</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital General Universitario de Alicante</name>
      <address>
        <city>Alicante</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas</name>
      <address>
        <city>Almería</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Infanta Cristina</name>
      <address>
        <city>Badajoz</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau</name>
      <address>
        <city>Barcelona</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Materno Infantil Vall d'Hebron</name>
      <address>
        <city>Barcelona</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Cruces</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bilbao</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía</name>
      <address>
        <city>Córdoba</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Materno Infantil Virgen de las Nieves</name>
      <address>
        <city>Granada</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Materno Infantil de Jaén</name>
      <address>
        <city>Jaén</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre</name>
      <address>
        <city>Madrid</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Infantil la Paz</name>
      <address>
        <city>Madrid</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Infantil Niño Jesús</name>
      <address>
        <city>Madrid</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca</name>
      <address>
        <city>Murcia</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya - Hospital Materno Infantil</name>
      <address>
        <city>Málaga</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias</name>
      <address>
        <city>Oviedo</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Virgen del Camino</name>
      <address>
        <city>Pamplona</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Donostia</name>
      <address>
        <city>San Sebastián</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario de Santiago</name>
      <address>
        <city>Santiago de Compostela</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sevilla</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena</name>
      <address>
        <city>Sevilla</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe</name>
      <address>
        <city>Valencia</city>
        <zip>46009</zip>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Clínic Universitari</name>
      <address>
        <city>València</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet</name>
      <address>
        <city>Zaragoza</city>
        <country>Spain</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Queen Silvia's Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Göteborg</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Linköping University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Linköping</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Skåne University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Lund</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Karolinska University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Stockholm</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Norrlands University Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Umeå</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Uppsala Academic Children's Hospital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Uppsala</city>
        <country>Sweden</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Kantonsspital Aarau</name>
      <address>
        <city>Aarau</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Universitäts-Kinderspital beider Basel</name>
      <address>
        <city>Basel</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ospedale San Giovanni</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bellinzona</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Inselspital Bern</name>
      <address>
        <city>Bern</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>HUG Hôpitaux Universitaires Genève</name>
      <address>
        <city>Genève</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>CHUV - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois - Unité d'hémato-oncologie pédiatrique</name>
      <address>
        <city>Lausanne</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Luzerner Kantonsspital</name>
      <address>
        <city>Lucerne</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Ostschweizer Kinderspital</name>
      <address>
        <city>St. Gallen</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location>
    <facility>
      <name>Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich</name>
      <address>
        <city>Zürich</city>
        <country>Switzerland</country>
      </address>
    </facility>
  </location>
  <location_countries>
    <country>Australia</country>
    <country>Austria</country>
    <country>Belgium</country>
    <country>Denmark</country>
    <country>Israel</country>
    <country>Italy</country>
    <country>Norway</country>
    <country>Spain</country>
    <country>Sweden</country>
    <country>Switzerland</country>
  </location_countries>
  <link>
    <url>https://www.siope.eu/activities/eu-projects/encca/</url>
    <description>The European Network for Cancer Research in Children and Adolescents (ENCCA) is a Network of Excellence Funded by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme (FP7): See WP10</description>
  </link>
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  <verification_date>August 2023</verification_date>
  <study_first_submitted>November 13, 2012</study_first_submitted>
  <study_first_submitted_qc>November 13, 2012</study_first_submitted_qc>
  <study_first_posted type="Estimate">November 16, 2012</study_first_posted>
  <last_update_submitted>September 5, 2023</last_update_submitted>
  <last_update_submitted_qc>September 5, 2023</last_update_submitted_qc>
  <last_update_posted type="Actual">September 8, 2023</last_update_posted>
  <responsible_party>
    <responsible_party_type>Sponsor</responsible_party_type>
  </responsible_party>
  <keyword>NEUROBLASTOMA, LOW RISK, INTERMEDIATE RISK</keyword>
  <condition_browse>
    <!-- CAUTION:  The following MeSH terms are assigned with an imperfect algorithm            -->
    <mesh_term>Neuroblastoma</mesh_term>
  </condition_browse>
  <patient_data>
    <sharing_ipd>No</sharing_ipd>
  </patient_data>
  <!-- Results have not yet been posted for this study                                          -->
</clinical_study>


download date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on September 20, 2023
link text: Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01728155
org study id: LINES
nct id: NCT01728155
lead sponsor: 
has dmc: Yes
The European study, LINES 2009 (Low and Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma European Study),
      groups together in a single protocol the treatment of all patients with "non high risk"
      neuroblastoma (NB), with stratification into two groups: low risk and intermediate risk.
      These two separate cohorts are included in one single protocol to enable patient data from
      these two groups to be entered into a common database, as the current prognostic
      classifications determining treatment may evolve further with subsequent more detailed
      molecular analysis of the tumours.

      1. LOW RISK STUDY

      The Low Risk Study is proposed in order to:

        -  minimise the amount of treatment (chemotherapy and surgery) for all appropriate low risk
           patients, who in previous studies have been shown to have an excellent long-term outcome
           (as in the SIOPEN 99.1-2 infant neuroblastoma studies where the overall survival was
           greater than 97%(H. Rubie, JCO).

        -  improve the EFS and maintain the OS (overall survival) in L2 and Ms patients with a
           SCA(Segmental Cromosomal Aberration) genomic profile tumour (presence of any segmental
           chromosomal change (SCA)) by electively treating these patients with chemotherapy
           despite the absence of symptoms.

           2) INTERMEDIATE RISK STUDY

      The Intermediate Risk Study is proposed in order to:

        -  reduce the amount of chemotherapy for differentiating histology INRG (International
           Neuroblastoma Risk Group) stage L2 NB and ganglioneuroblastoma nodular patients who in
           previous SIOPEN study have been shown to have an excellent long-term outcome;

        -  increase the amount of treatment (radiotherapy and 13-cis-RA (13-cis-Retinoic Acid) for
           poorly differentiated or undifferentiated histology INRG stage L2 NB or
           ganglioneuroblastoma nodular patients in order to improve the EFS registered in the
           previous SIOPEN study;

        -  improve the EFS (Event Free Survival) of MYCN (V-Myc myelocytomatosis viral related
           oncogene, NB derived ,avian )amplified INSS (International NB Staging System) stage 1 NB
           patients with the introduction of adjuvant treatment;

        -  maintain the very good results obtained in previous SIOPEN study for INRG stage M
           infants with a moderate treatment.

      NEONATAL SUPRARENAL MASSES

      The incidence of suprarenal tumours/masses has increased in the last decade due to the
      expanded use of prenatal ultrasonography in routine obstetric care and in the neonatal and
      early infancy care. The differential diagnosis of these masses ranges from benign (adrenal
      haemorrhage) to malignant processes (neuroblastoma, adrenal carcinoma). Knowledge on
      perinatal suprarenal masses, although based on a relatively large literature, is scattered
      amongst studies on very few cases with no methodical approach and often short follow up.
      Therefore, the optimal management of these masses has not been clearly defined. Neuroblastoma
      at this age is an intriguing entity with a very good prognosis in most cases. The SIOPEN
      Group, based on their results in the first multicenter European Trial for infants with
      neuroblastoma (INES) and the world-wide experience provided in the literature, is launching
      this European surveillance study (Multi-centre, non-blinded, one armed prospective trial) for
      these masses. Treatment: Observation
1. LOW RISK STUDY

      The low risk group of patients includes NB patients without MYCN amplification with or
      without life threatening symptoms in the following clinical situations:

        -  Children aged ≤ 18 months with localised neuroblastoma associated with image defined
           risk factors precluding upfront surgery (stage INRG L2).

        -  Children aged ≤ 12 months with disseminated neuroblastoma without bone, pleura, lung or
           CNS (Central Nervous System) disease (stage INRG Ms)

           2) INTERMEDIATE RISK STUDY

      The intermediate risk group of patients includes NB patients in the following clinical
      situations:

        -  Children aged >18 months with localised neuroblastoma without MYCN amplification,
           associated with image defined risk factors precluding upfront surgery (stage INRG L2).

        -  Children aged ≤12 months with disseminated neuroblastoma involving bone, pleura, lung
           and/or CNS (stage INRG M), without MYCN amplification.

        -  Children with localised resected NB (stage INSS I) with MYCN amplification. NEONATAL
           SUPRARENAL MASSES

      The incidence of suprarenal tumours/masses has increased in the last decade due to the
      expanded use of prenatal ultrasonography in routine obstetric care and in the neonatal and
      early infancy care. The differential diagnosis of these masses ranges from benign (adrenal
      haemorrhage) to malignant processes (neuroblastoma, adrenal carcinoma). Knowledge on
      perinatal suprarenal masses, although based on a relatively large literature, is scattered
      amongst studies on very few cases with no methodical approach and often short follow up.
      Therefore, the optimal management of these masses has not been clearly defined. Neuroblastoma
      at this age is an intriguing entity with a very good prognosis in most cases. The SIOPEN
      Group, based on their results in the first multicenter European Trial for infants with
      neuroblastoma (INES) and the world-wide experience provided in the literature, is launching
      this European surveillance study (Multi-centre, non-blinded, one armed prospective trial) for
      these masses. Treatment: Observation
allocation: Randomized
intervention model: Parallel Assignment
primary purpose: Treatment
masking: None (Open Label)
measure: Primary aim for Low Risk Neuroblastoma
time frame: 2 years
description: To demonstrate through a randomisation between observation and chemotherapy that you can safely reduce treatment in a subgroup of L2 low risk patients (those without life threatening symptoms (LTS) and without any segmental chromosomal changes (SCA), i.e. study group 1) by giving less treatment than has been given historically while maintaining an excellent OS of 100%.
measure: Primary aim for Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma
time frame: 2 years
description: To improve the EFS to 70% with an OS of 90% of INRG stage L2 patients over the age of 18 months, with poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumour histology (INPC criteria), by the addition of radiotherapy and 13-cis RA compared to historical conventional treatment (study group 8).
measure: Primary Aim for Neonatal Suprarenal Masses
time frame: 3 year
description: To maintain a 3-year event free survival over 80% with a non-operative therapeutic approach (serial monitoring, surgery if warranted) in infants with a localised suprarenal mass discovered ante or neonatally.
measure: To maintain a 2 year EFS of at least 90% and an OS of at least 95% in L2 patients with LTS without SCA (study group 2)
time frame: 2 year
measure: To maintain the 2 year EFS of 85% and an OS of at least 98% in Ms patients without SCA (study groups 4 and 5)
time frame: 2 year
measure: To improve the 2 year EFS to at least 90% and maintain the OS of close to 100% in L2 patients with SCA (Study Group 3) and improve the 2 year EFS to over 70% in Ms patients with SCA (study group 6)
time frame: 2 year
measure: To evaluate adherence to the protocol recommendations regarding LTS
time frame: 5 years
measure: To reduce surgical morbidity by promoting strict adherence to Image Defined-Risk Factors (IDRFs) to determine surgical resectability
time frame: 5 year
measure: To define the long term follow-up and natural history of the Stage L2 non-resected masses that have remained IDRF positive at the end of treatment (study groups 1-3).
time frame: 5 year
measure: To confirm in a larger patient cohort the excellent OS of 95% in stage M neuroblastoma without MYCN amplification, less than 12 months of age, when treated with moderate therapy (study group 10).
time frame: 3 year
measure: Maintain the results of 3yr-EFS of 90% and 3yr-OS of 100% in stage L2 patients over the age of 18 months, with differentiating neuroblastoma or differentiating ganglioneuroblastoma nodular, despite a treatment reduction (group7)
time frame: 3 year
measure: To improve the 3 year EFS to at least 50% and the 3 year OS to 80% in INSS stage I patients with MYCN amplified neuroblastoma by the addition of adjuvant treatment (study group 9).
time frame: 3 year
measure: To evaluate the impact of the tumour genomic profile on patient outcome, in order to consider its role in the treatment stratification of these intermediate risk patients (all study groups).
time frame: 5 years
measure: To manage infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally with a uniform approach in Europe in a multicentre setting.
time frame: 5 years
measure: To maintain an excellent overall survival with a non-operative therapeutic approach (serial monitoring, surgery if warranted) in infants with a localised suprarenal mass discovered ante or neonatally.
time frame: 3 years
measure: To determine the 3-year surgery-free survival in infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally and managed conservatively (non initial surgery).
time frame: 3 years
measure: To find out the natural history of perinatal suprarenal masses, according to the definitions set up for the study.
time frame: 5 years
measure: To study the kinetics of regression in those suspected suprarenal neuroblastomas in infants with suprarenal masses discovered ante or neonatally and managed conservatively (non initial surgery).
time frame: 5 years
measure: To collect tissue from those suprarenal masses excised in order to perform standard and investigational pathological and biological studies (INPC, MYCN, 1p, 11).
time frame: 5 years
measure: To collect frozen plasma from all patients included in the study in order to perform research.
time frame: 5 years
arm group label: Group1
arm group type: No Intervention
description: initial observation (chemotherapy is only given if there is subsequent progression)
arm group label: Group 1: chemotherapy
arm group type: Active Comparator
description: chemotherapy and surgery
arm group label: Group 2
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy and surgery
arm group label: Group 3
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy and surgery
arm group label: Group 4
arm group type: No Intervention
description: Observation
arm group label: Group 5
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy
arm group label: Group 6
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy and surgery
arm group label: Group 7
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy and surgery
arm group label: Group 8
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and 13 cis-retinoic acid
arm group label: Group 9
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and 13 cis-retinoic acid
arm group label: Group 10
arm group type: Experimental
description: chemotherapy, surgery,
intervention type: Drug
intervention name: chemotherapy
arm group label: Group 10
arm group label: Group 1: chemotherapy
arm group label: Group 2
arm group label: Group 3
arm group label: Group 5
arm group label: Group 6
arm group label: Group 7
arm group label: Group 8
arm group label: Group 9
criteria: 
gender: All
minimum age: 90 Days
maximum age: 18 Years
healthy volunteers: No
last name: Adela Cañete, MD, PhD
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
last name: Gudrun Schleiermacher
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Institut Curie
last name: Kate Wheeler
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Oxford: John Radcliffe Hospital, UK
last name: Andrea di Cataldo
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Policlinico Universitario, Italy
last name: Vassilius Papadakis
role: Study Chair
affiliation: Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens
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country: Australia
country: Austria
country: Belgium
country: Denmark
country: Israel
country: Italy
country: Norway
country: Spain
country: Sweden
country: Switzerland
url: https://www.siope.eu/activities/eu-projects/encca/
description: The European Network for Cancer Research in Children and Adolescents (ENCCA) is a Network of Excellence Funded by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme (FP7): See WP10
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responsible party type: Sponsor
mesh term: Neuroblastoma
sharing ipd: No