A major purpose of the Techni cal Information Center is to provide the broadest dissemination possi ble of information contained in DOE's Research and Development Reports to business, industry, the academic community, and federal, state and local governments. Although a small portion of this report is not reproducible, it is being made available to expedite the availability of information on the research discussed herein. L ORNL--6338 DE87 005223 Health and Safety Research Division ANIMAL MORTALITY RESULTING FROM UNIFORM EXPOSURES TO PHOTON RADIATIONS: CALCULATED LOg* AND A COMPILATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA

Keywords: Newton, W.T., and M. Ter-Pogossian. I960. Median Lethal Dose for Guinea Pigs of Cobalt-60 Gamma Irradiation. Radial. Res. 13:298-304. Norris, W.P., T.E Fritz, C.E Rehfeld, and CM. Poole. 1968. The Response of the Beagle Dog to Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation: Determination of LDJOOO) and Description of Associated Changes. Radiat. Res. 34:681-708. Page, N.P. 1968. The Effect of Dose-Protraction on Radiation Lethality of Large Animals. In D.G. Brown, R.G. Cragle, and T.R. Noonan, Eds., The Proceedings of a Symposium on Dose Rate in Mammalian Radiation Biology, Held at Oak Ridge. Tennessee. April 29-May I, 1968. Report CONF-680410 Pryor, W.H., Jr., W.G. Glenn, and K.A. Hardy. 1967. The Gamma Radiation LD^JO) for the Rab bit. Radiat. Res. 30:483-87. Rust, J.H., G.D. Folmar, Jr., J.J. Lane, and B.F. Trum. 19SS. The Lethal Dose of Total Body Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation for the Rabbit Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium Therapy 74(l):135-38. Rust, J.H., B.F. Trum, J.L. Wilding, C.S. Simmons, and C.L. Comar. 19S4. Lethal Dose Studies with Burro and Swine Exposed to Whole Body Cobalt-60 Irradiation. Radiol. 62:569-73. Rust, J.H., J.L. Wilding, B.F. Trum, C.S. Simons, A.W. Kimball, Jr., and C.L. Comar. 19S3. The Lethal Dose of Whole-Body Tantalum Gamma Irradiation for the Burro {Equus asinus). Radiol. 60:579-82 Strike, T.A., and L.J. Seigneur. 1969. Acute Mortality of Chinchillas Exposed to Mixed Gamma-Neutron Radiations or 250-kVp X-rays. Radiat. Res. 38:414-24. Strike, T.A., L.J. Seigneur, and R.E. Stanley. 1968. Acute Mortality oj Mice and Rats Exposed to Mixed Gamma-Neutron Radiations or to X Rays. Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Insti tute, Defense Atomic Support Agency, Bethesda, Maryland. AFRRISR68-6. 19 pp. Swift, M.N., S.T. Taketa, and V.P. Bond. 1954. Regionally Fractionated X-Irradiation Equivalent in Dose to Total-Body Exposure. Radiat. Res. 1:141-51 Tullis, J.L., C.F. Tessmer, EP. Cronkite, and F.W. Chambers. 1949. The Lethal Dose of Total-Body X-Ray Irradiation in Swine. Radiol. 52:396-400. Upton, A.C., F.P. Conte, G.S. Hurst, and W.A. Mills. 1956. The Relative Biological Effectiveness of Fast Neutrons, X-Rays, and -y-Rays for Acute Lethality in Mice. Radiat. Res. 4:117-31

Stadks condacted during the 1930s and 1960s of radiation-induced mortality to diverse animal species under various exposure protocols were compiled into a mortality data base Some 24 variables were extracted and recomputed from eacb of the published studies, which were collected from a variety of available sources, primarily journal articles. Two features of this compilation effort are (I) an attempt to give an estimate of the uniform dose received by the bone marrow in each treatment so that interspecies differences due to body size were mmfanhed and (2) a recomputatkm of the LD» where sufficient experimental data are available. Exposure rates varied in magni tude from about 10~2 to 10 3 R/min. This report describes the data base, the sources of data, and the data-handbag techniques; presents a bibliography of studies compiled; and tabulates data from each study. v .iCKNOWLEDGMENTS Special contributions are acknowl. dged from Rone Oyan of the Insthntt for f'scrpuhvkk-. OECD HaMea Reactor Project, Hakk., Norway. Rune ac^ix6 to review the UteratP«Yirxr cc4eChe daU while on assignment at the Heaki Physics Research Reactor (ORNL). Sherry K^ritor-v-and Joe Rich provided excellent editorial a.<d publications assuiaace which accelerated tte. pubtica'kxi schedule. Frances Littleton and Betty Jtueton worked Jiligceiry and enthusiasticaPy Co coaotfose this report through many drafts Also, i great many cnhci individuals have contributed both "*j»sctly and indirectly to the data base, acquisit on of literature, prrparaUon of the document, *#* tfe foul stages of publication and distribution. T-> aii of these crorribuwrs, vx are heavily indebtKJ.^rhany, we acknowledge much collaboration with Sheldon levin V Ertinois, New Mexico, and C 'CVJ"*baugh of Oak Ridge Associated Universities. We have greatly benefited from their itew, e3cL'~agement, and assistance in locating man> of the studies ; ncf>><!ed in \Y : * data base. 
-~ . 

vii DESCRIPTION OF DATA BASE AND ANALYSIS


INTRODUCTION

Daring the 1950s and 1960s, intensive scientific activity was concentrated in the field of mam malian radiobiology. Much of that research focused on measurements of the LDso/so (i-«-. the dose lethal to 50% of a population within 30 days foUowing treatment), the shape of the mortality doseresponse function about the LD50. and the rate of cellular repair and organic recovery following sublethal exposures. Studies of the acute LD30, usually defined by mortality resulting from infection or hemorrhage foUowing depressed levels of platelets and neutrophils in peripheral blood, have found that, in small species, individual deaths occur before 30 days, but in larger species mortality may continue to 45 or even 60 days. The probable explanation is that different blood elements have a shorter biological half-life and quicker generation time in the smaller species. Experimental stu dies have illustrated that death can be debv-sd or even prevented by medical support, eg., transfu sions of platelets to prevent hemorrhage and/or the use of antibiotics to supplement the immunoprotection provided by granulocytes. For a given level of mortality in simple mortality experi ments (animals not given secondary treatments to enhance survival), it is typically observed that smaller species tolerate larger doses than do the larger species but then start to die earlier than large animals and complete mortality earlier. Faster cell kinetics appear to permit the smaller spe cies to survive larger doses and to recover more efficiently following sublethal exposures; studies have shown that mice may recover if less than 2% of the hematopoietic stem cells survive (Bateman 1968; Bond and Robinson 1967; Fujioka et al. 1967). In contrast, large animals seem to require as much as 7 to 20% of the active marrow for survival (Bond and Robinson 1967; Jones 1981). It is not possible to establish any reasonable value for the LD50 for man based on the current human data (eg., Baverstock and Ash 1983; Lushbaugh, Comas and Hofstra 1967; Mole 1984; NRC 1975); however, the data presented and standardized in this report serve as a large step towards an empirical knowledge of the way different species respond to ionizing radiations (Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). 
Radiobiological laboratories throughout the United States and abroad have conducted diverse mortality studies-primarily on primates, burros, dogs, sheep, goats, and various rodent species. Radiation-induced mortality has been investigated for diverse species under varied exposure proto cols of both high and low L.E.T. radiations. (L.ET. is linear energy transfer and is based on ionic stopping-power considerations.) This determination of mortality was driven by a need for such knowledge in areas of military planning, cancer therapy, nuclear power generation, emergency pre paredness, space flight, and further research. "Further research" is best exemplified by studies of radiation toxicity both in the short term after treatment (acute effects) and in the years after radia tion exposure/ireafntent was ended (late or chronic effects). For most of these studies, preliminary information about response to treatment was needed so that experimental design could be optim ized. For example, studies involving test animals could be conducted with fewer animals if the treat ments were set as close to the maximum tolerated dose as possible. 
A wealth of animal mortality data has been amassed from this two-decade study period. With the aid of computer programs designed to manage large data bases, it is now possible to extract selected variables from there widespread data sources. This study is such an example. Thus, a data base such as the one described in this report can be used in attempting to model the effects of spe cies or dose rate on a particular biological end point such as hematologic death. Data presented here have been used to describe the empirical effects of species, body weight, and dose rate on the LDJO (Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). 

DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA BASE

In order to make the studies included in this data base as directly comparable as possible, two unique and valuable calculations are included in our tabulation: first, we have attempted to give an 4 

General Guisenaes

This data base was compiled from animal experiments in which photon radiations (having ener gies above SO keV) delivered a dose to the hematopoietic marrow that did not vary by more than about 25%. Thus, data from the following types of experiments were not included: (1) mixed-field radiations (eg., neutrons and photons) (2) partial body shielding, (3) split-dose treatment schedules, and (4) exposure geometries in which dose to different anatomical regions of the hematopoietic marrow varied by more than 25%. Otherwise, this data base was abstracted from all of the studies that we were able to obtain over the time span available for data collection and evaluation. 
Animal treatment groups that experienced mortality within 96 hours were excluded unless the control groups experienced a similar pattern of mortality (e.g., Cronkite et aL 195S). Abo, mortal ity from hematologic depression was taken to be complete in 30 days for small animals or in 60 days for large animals. Zero dose (or control) groups were coded in the same manner as treatment groups. Missing, unknown, or unavailable values were coded with a period (Le., ".") in the first col umn of the field. A numerical value of zero was coded as "0" for integers and "0.0" for fixed-point numbers. Especially careful consideration was given to dose groups having mortality below 50% of the LDjoor to dose groups having survivors 50% above the LDJO (Jones 1981). 

Specific GuMeatos

For each experiment the following information wss coded and/or calculated to the extent possi ble for each study: 

^ssssM*ssM

Strain-Abbreviation or shortening was used if a "cross" or hybrid name was too long. 

Weight-In kilograms at the start of the experiment.

Investigator-May not be the same as the primary author of the published data (also see Reviewer). 

Reviewer-Supplemental publication of data or factors used in data analysis (e.g., conversion factors to calculate marrow dose in rads from treatment dose expressed in a variety of different units).

Gcosnetry-Stated to be unilateral, bilateral, multisource, quadrilateral, etc. Animal size, photon wavelength, and exposure geometry were restricted to combinations that resulted in a marrow dose gradient (to all compartments of the hematopoietic system) that was uniform to within 25%. 

LDst-Recalculated for this analysts based on marrow dose in rads and

the log probability model. S.E.-The standard error (in rads) of the LDJO-Slope The slope of the log-probability model in units of probits of mortality per log rad. S.E.-The standard error of the slope. Astasia-The number of animals in this dose-response study; includes treated and control groups. 
Expo-e Coded as "Continuous" if the treatments were given without interruptions of more than 30 minutes. "Interrupted" was used if treatments were interrupted by more than 30 minutes. For some exposures (such as bilateral with only one source) the experiment was obvi ously interrupted but the "downtime" time was not given. Based on personal observation of many such studies, most investigators made every effort to minimize downtime. However, the amount of downtime could enhance survival and appears to make a bilaterial study correspond to a lower dose rate. In situations where downtime was not given, we assumed zero, and, thus, more variance may be unexplained in the unifying statistical models than if we could model each such study in confidence of knowing the downtimes. c Swrct-Applied voltage of X-ray machine; energy of gamma photons, identification of isotonic source, etc Many different X-ray machines and many different moderating materials were used. Such details were ignored in order to keep the experimental designs manageable in the data analysis. Machine setup seems to play a secondary role to other variables (Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). Twattat-Treatment dose as published. MLA-R = midline in air (roentgens), MLA-RADmidline in air (rads), MT-R = midline tissue (roentgens), MT-RAD -midline tissue (rads), *." =-not available, etc. Mam* Dose-In units of rads. Conversion factors were taken primarily from Page (1968), Grahn (1956), and NBS (1964). In other instances, treatment-to-marrow conversion factors could be estimated to within a few percent by identifying a similar experiment where the body weights, source radiations, and exposure geometry matched the study under evaluation. Usually such corrections were for the small species, so the accuracy should be adequate for doseresponse modeling. Aaaaaua-The number of animals treated in a group. Deaths-The number of animal deaths occurring in the observation period. Meaa Survival-The mean survival time in days of only the animals that died, typically mortal ity in the period of 5 to 30 days in small animals or 5 to 60 days in large animals. Animals that survived past the end of the study did not count in the Meaa SarrhmL Meu Exposure Rate-In R/min. Mean exposure rate during the treatment period (i.e., expo sure divided by time from the start of the first treatment to the end of the last treatment). Max. Frpo-i Rate-In R/min. Maximum exposure rate during the treatment period. Euaai Thae-In minutes. Period over which the exposure was given (i.e., time from the start of the first treatment to the end of the last treatment). If the treatment was continuous, then the exposure time and the dose rate are inversely related. DowarJaM-In minutes. Interval of Exaosare Tine during which no dose or treatment was given. Dose/LD»-Where numerator and denominator are in equal units. This normalization permits rapid comparisons across different experiments (Jones 1981). The LD» was determined from the log-probit model. 

CONCLUSION

The data base reported here is actually an intermediate product of our ongoing research on the mortality effects of radiation. Our current research includes the use of this data base in a compre hensive comparison of several parametric dose-response models. Our goals include finding which models are most reliable for the various species and determining characteristics of the dose-response curvet that appear to be consistent within and among species. Another ongoing project based on these data is the modeling of several percentiles of the mortality curve (including the LDio, LD50, and LD90) as functions of body weight, dose rate, and possibly other variables; early results have been reported (Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). This modeling work will be the basis of a careful extrapolation of these estimates to man, based upon necessarily unproven but reasonable assump tions about interspecies variation. 

estimate of the uniform dose received by the bone marrow in each treatment so that the interspecies differences are minimized, and, second, we have recomputed the LD» using a single estimation pro cedure for all studies for which sufficient experimental data are available. For small animals such as mice (body weight 25 g), the dose to the hematopoietic system is approximately equal to the treatment dose, but, for large aninmis (body weight 60 to 80 kg) such as sheep, goats, swine, or man, the marrow dose may be about half of the treatment dose. For larger animals such as burros (17S kg) or cattle (350 kg) the marrow dose is an even s nailer fraction of the treatment dose. A lack of standardizing the marrow insult across different species and categorial assignments of dose rate were piobably two of the main reasons that Baverstock, Papworth, and Townsend (1985) were unable to model the species-dependent change of the LDjo to their satisfaction. 
The animal mortality studies as first published by the original investigators gave estimates of the LD W that varied due to several reasons. For example, some investigators used marrow dose, and some usee exposure measured in air at the site of the treated animals Also, many different graphi cal and statistical methods were used to estimate the mortality curve and the median-lethal dose from the experimental data. Because our research is focused on determining the characteristics of the dose-mortality function across species, body weight, dose rate, and type of radiation, we have found it desirable and necessary to standardize concepts and models across the entire data base (Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). 
Data presented herein (Le., the mortality data base) are used to study the dose-mortality response under continuous exposure rates that vary in magnitude from about 10~2 to 10 3 R/min. The dose-response curve for hematologic death is qutte steep. Many different mathematical models have been used to analyze the response, and all models seem to work -veil in the zone of the LDJO. However, the fitted models deviate greatly below the LDOJ or above the LD95. Thus, it is desirable to estimate the steepness of the slope of the response in the zone where the choice of the model does not strongly affect the conclusion (i.e., the LD W to LD93 range). Consequently, it has become com mon to characterize a mortality curve by the ratio LD90/LD10 (Baverstock 1984). In other studies, assumptions are made relating the LDJO to the overall shape of the mortality curve leading to, for example, standardization of all treatment doses used in the experiment to the LDJO value estimated from that same experiment (Jones 1981), or specification of a dose-response model in which certain relationships among model parameters are assumed to be invarient across studies (Mole 1984). 
In this work, we have somewhat arbitrarily selected the log-probit model (i.e., mortality modeled as the cumulative normal distribution function, after transforming dose to the logarithmic scale) in calculating LD50 values for each compiled study in which sufficient information was reported. (Fol lowing the frequently used parametrization, the "slope" reported in each experiment is the recipro cal of the standard deviation of the tolerance distribution.) Although ' here is some disagreement as to which parametric model is most appropriate, the effect of model selection on estimated LDJO is quite minimal where the dose-response relationship is as steep as in most studies reported here. Data from all treated groups were used in each estimate; control gioups were excluded due to the log transformation used on dose. Maximum likelihood estimates were calculated by interatively rcweighted least squares (Jennriclt and Moore 1975) using procedure NLIN in the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) (SAS 1982). Standard errors were calculated using methods from standard asymptotic likelihood theory based on the expected information matrix (Kalbfleisch and Prentice 1980). 
Most experiments included in this data base did not report a control group (dose of zero rad). Of those that did, a few experiment! (#25, #52, #70, #164, #165, and #168 in the listing) reported tome mortality in this group. Because use of the log-probit model tacitly assume? that background mortality is not present, we recomputed LDJOS for these six experiments using the log-probit model, but including the control group and using Abbott's correction (e.g., Finney 1964) to account for natural mortality. In each case, the estimated LDJO fo: excess mortality increased by 5% or less, except in experiment #25 where the estimate increased from 79.2 rad to 104.4 rad-but even this difference is within 2 standard errors, as reported in the table. 
In creating the mortality data base, our goal has been to abstract and standardize as many dif ferent variables as commonly available from the many diverse studies. The level of mortality and the time-to-death considerations are given in this dataset. Other values are descriptive of various biological and physical conditions of the many studies. In 1968, Nobert Page attempted a fairly comprehensive analysis of mortality studies on primates and large animals. Page provided exposure to marrow correction factors for many conditions, and we have found Page's work to be very helpful to our efforts. Abo, the work of Grahn (1956) and data in the National Bureau of Standards Handbook 85 (NBS 1964) were useful in estimating bone marrow doses in mice and rats. There are 24 variables in this particular data base, and the user may wish to use only a segment of this data base to study the effect of a particular biological or physical variable. 

SOURCES OF DATA

This dataset is a nonsetected compilation of all data that we have been able to collect over a period of about 7 years. The 7-year span included about 5 years during which data collection was passive and about 2 years during which data collection, dose calculations, etc., were done on an active basis (Jones 1981; Jones, Morris, and Young 1986). The sources of data were diverse, but there is a strong bias towards journal articles, with Radiation Research and the International Journal of Radiation Biology being major sources. Other less available and less peer-reviewed sources were not rejected. However, some of the studies are old, dating into the 1940s and early 1950s. Many of these early studies were published in laboratory reports that are almost unavailable now (perhaps two or three copies remain in some remote file). We have not attempted to abstract these "almost inaccessible" sources; however, some of these early studies have been reviewed and/or cited by later investigators. 
Many experiments used are subject to missing or unknown values (printed as blank or "." in our data tables). Many studies cited in the literature have noi been described adequately with respect to the variables that we used to characterize experimental design. For rsost of these studies, informa tion is not available on each different treatment group, and an experiment is summarized by what is known at the reported LD«o level. Thus, for these experiments, our tabulation appears as if only one treatment group were used in the original study. But many of these studies were conducted simi larly to the best designed studies in the published literature. We have included what we know about the poorly documented studies, and, of course, an LDjo could not be estimated from a single treat ment group. For many complex modeling studies, these poorly documented studies will not be help ful, but their luting here serves two purposes. First, the incomplete luting permits us or others to plan expansions to the data base should the need justify the necessary resources. Abo, the incom plete listings are useful for cross-checking (i.e., validating) data and enhance sensitivity studies regarding the potential influence of certain variables (e.g., species, strain, or photon wavelength). 

DATA-HANDLING METHODS

Twenty-four variables were prepared from each of the papers used to form the data base, allow ing the data to be managed and/or analyzed by software packages such as SAS. To standardize the animal mortality data base, both general and specific guidelines were issued to code and to access these data. These guidelines were followed strictly to ensure the integrity of the data base. Data entry was standardized to the maximum degree possible within the resources and constraints of this study. Serial refinements of previously coded studies as well as newly discovered and unique studies were included. 
During this abstraction of experimental studies, some errors in published studies were found. Where possible, we have corrected these mistakes in our data base, but we did not keep a complete documentation of such changes. In some cases, we encountered minor errors that we could not resolve, so we present the results as published by the original investigator. For example, in a few instances investigators gave the total number of animals in a study as 2 or 3 less than the sum of the number treated in individual dosed groups. 

PRESENTATION OF DATA BY SPECIES

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Iavestigator Reviewer Gcoatttry LDM(S.E.) Slope (S.E.) (rads) (probtts/lof rad) Aateab Exposure Source 2 Burro 139.50 Rust-54 Whole-body 280(11.1) 5.1(1.49) 50 Continuous Co-60 Groap Treatawat

  
	Exper.		Wdsjat						LD"(S,E.)	Slope (S.E.)	
	No.	Specks	Strata	(kg)	Iavestigator	Reviewer	Geoaetry	(rads)	(proMts/tag tad)	Aaaaab	Expossc*	Sown
	1	Burro	189.00	StiU-69				Bilateral	176(12.8)	2.5(0.48)	100	Continuous	1 MVp-X
			Marrow Dose			Meaa Survival MeaaExpotare Max. Expo-r» Exposure Tuae Dowajtlaw
	Groap Treatuwat	(rads)	Aaiaub Deatas	(days)	Rate (R/aria)	Rate (R/uda)	(aaa)	(-*a)	Deas/LD*
	1	150MLA-R	77		39	1	18.30		7.50	7.50	20.00	0.00	0.459
	2	250MLA-R	128		26	6	18.30		7.50	7.50	33.30	0.00	0.729
	3	300MLA-R	H3		7	2	18.30		7.50	7.50	40.00	0.00	0.872
	4	350MLA-R	179		11	5	18.30		7.50	7.50	46.70	0.00	1.020
	S	400MLA-R	204		6	4	18.30		7.50	7.50	53.00	0.00	1.162
	6	450MLA-R	230		7	5	18.30		7.50	7.50	60.00	0.00	1.310
	7	500MLA-R			4	4	18.30		7.50	7.50	66.70	0.00	1.453
	Exper.		Wdfht								
	No.	Species	Strata	(kg)								
			Marrow Dose			Meaa Survival Meaa Exposare Max. Expoaan Exposure Tuae	Dowatiats
			(rads)	Aaianls Deaths	(days)	Rate(R/ada)	Rate(R/smia)	(aria)	(aria)	Dose/LD»
	1	605MLA-R			10	1	14.70		0.85	0.85	711.60	0.00	0.772
	2	690MLA-R			10	3	14.70		0.85	0.85	805.80	0.00	0.880
	3	750MLA-R			10	5	14.70		0.85	0.85	876.60	0.00	0.958
	4	790MLA-R			10	3	14.70		0.85	0.85	927.00	0.00	1.008
	5	945MLA-R			10	9	14.70		0.83	0.83	1140.00	000	1.209

(areMta/log ra4) AaiaMk Kxpoaare Soarce 5 Burro Still-68 Page-68 Bilateral Continuous 1000 IcVp-X Marrow Dose Meaa Sarvhral Meaa E»pneari Max. Evaoaau Expo-n Thaw Dowatkaw Groaa TreataKat (raaa) Aaawb Deataa (aays) Rate(R/atia) R»te(R/aUa) (aria) (afa) DOM/LDM 1 376MLA-R 175 7.00 7.00 53.70 0.00

  
	EXBCT.		Weight				LD»(S.E.)	33aae(&E.)
	No.	Species Strata	(kg)	Iarestigator	Reviewer	Cwetry	(rati)
								•umg

log rai) Aaftaab Elf OWN Sown 8 ChimbtUa Laniger 0.43 Strike-69 Unilateral 490(23.7) 2.3(0.30) 430 Conttauou* 250 kVp-X Marrow Dow Meaa Satvival Meu Exaooare Max. Exaoaare Exaoaare Tbae Dowatiaae teoaa Treataeat (raov) Aataab Death* (days) Rate (R/aria) Rate (R/arfa) (•la) (•hi) DOM/LD*

  
	Exper.	Weight				LD»(S.E.)	Skf«<S£.)			
	No. (proMta/1 Species Strata (kg) laveatlgator Reviewer Gcoawtry (rait) 0 32 0 20.00 20.00	0.00	0.00	0.000
	2	0	16	0	,	20.00	20.00	0.00	0.00	0.000
	3	357	16	3	15.00	20.00	20.00	18.00	0.00	0.729
	4	447	32	16	18.00	20.00	20.00	22.00	0.00	0.912
	5	536	32	17	12.00	20.00	20.00	27.00	0.00	1.094
	6	536	15	10	12.00	20.00	20.00	27.00	0.00	1.094
	7	625	32	24	13.00	20.00	20.00	31.00	0.00	1.276
	8	670	32	21	12.					

00 20.00 20.00 34.00 0.00 1.367 9 " 714 32 25 13.00 20.00 20.00 36.00 0.00 1.457 10 714 16 14 12.00 20.00 20.00 36.00 0.00 1.457 11 759 32 24 12.00 20.00 20.00 38.00 0.00 1.549 12 804 32 29 12.00 20.00 20.00 40.00 0.00 1.641 13

  
	Exper.			Weight				LD"(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)	
	No.	Species	Strata	(						
				848	32	31	11.00	20.00	20.00	42.00	0.00	1.731
	14			893	32	27	11.00	20.00	20.00	45.00	0.00	1.823
	15			893	15	15	9.60	20.00	20.00	45.00	0.00	1.823
	16			1072	16	16	7.30	20.00	20.00	54.00	0.00	2.188
	17			1786	16	16	6.30	20.00	20.00	90.00	0.00	3.645

kg) Investigator Reviewer Geometry (rads) (proMti/log rad) Aalmals Expomra Soarcc 9 Dog 1 Beagle 10.00 George-68 SR68-3 Bilateral 206(3.6) 9.5(1.93) 112 Continuous 250 kVp-X jf Marrow Dose Mean Survival Mean Exposure Max. Exposare Exposare Tbae Downtime Groap Treatmeat (rads) Aataah Deaths (day,) Rate (R/mia) Rate (R/mla)

  
								(•»)	(•»)	DOM/LOM
	1	0	30	0		16.80	16.80	0.00	0.00	0.000
	2	175	10	0	,	16.80	16.80	10.40	0.00	0.848
	3	189	10	2	15.50	16.80	16.80	11.30	0.00	0.915
	4	203	24	12	18.00	16.80	16.80	12.10	0.00	0.983
	5	215	10	7	15.00	16.80	16.80	12.80	0.00	1.041
	6	228	10	7	14.S0	16.80	16.80	13.60	0.00	1.104
	7	237	4	4	15.30	16.80	16.80	14.00	0.00	1.148
	8	241	10	9	14.30	16.80	16.80	14.00	0.00	1.167
	9	271	4	4	13.					

50 16.80 16.80 16.00 0.00 1.312 Exper. Weight LD*(S.E.) Slope (S.E.) S No. Species Strain (kg) Investigator Reviewer Geometry (rads) (probita/log ra id) Animals Exposare Soarce 10 Dog Mongrel 11.00 Alpen-58 Bilateral 217(3.7) 9.1(2.35) 85 Continuous 250 kVp-X Marrow Dose Meaa Survival Mean Exposare Max. Exposure Exposare Time Downtime Group Treatmeat (rads) Animals Deaths (days) Rate (R/aria) Rate (R/nrin) (mia) (mia) Dose/LDst

  
	1	200MLA-R	154	4	0		6.30	6.30	32.00	0.00	0.710
	2	250MLA-R	193	5	0	,	6.30	6.30	40.00	0.00	0.890
	3	260MLA-R	201	12	4	13.00	6.30	6.30	41.00	0.00	0.927
	4	275MLA-R	212	20	8	,	6.30	6.30	44.00	0.00	0.978
	5	280MLA-R	216	7	4	15.70	6.30	6.30	44.00	0.00	0J96
	6	285MLA-R	220	8	4	,	6.30	6.30	45.00	0.00	1.014
	7	300MLA-R	232	16	12	18.60	6.30	6.30	48.00	0.00	1.070
	8	320MLA-R	247	4	3	17.80	6.30	6.30	51.00	0.00	1.139
	9	350MLA-R	270	5	5	,	6.30	6.30	56.00	0.00	1.245
	10	400MLA-R	309	4	4	•	6.30	6.			

30 63.00 0.00 1.425 Exper. Weight LD»(S.E.) Slope (S.E.) No. Species Strata (kg) Iaveatigator Reviewer Geometry (rads) (prohits/lof rad) Aakaak topowi Source 11 Dog Beagle 10.00 Michaebon-68 Bilateral 228(10.2) 4.4(1.30) 55 Continuous 1 MVp-X Marrow Dose Meaa Survival Meaa Exposure Max. Expoaare Expoaare Thaw Dowatfaae Groap

  
		TrcataMa*	(rads)	Aahaals Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/aria)	Rate (R/aria)	(-!•)	(aria)	Daat/LDa,
	1	150MLA-R	112	5	0		58.00	58.00	3.00	0.00	0.492
	2	225MLA-R	169	5	1	,	58.00	58.00	4.00	0.00	0.743
	3	260MLA-R	195	13	2	18.30	58.00	58.00	4.00	0.00	0.857
	4	280MLA-R	210	7	3	18.30	58.00	58.00	5.00	0.00	0.923
	5	300MLA-R	225	6	2	18.30	58.00	58.00	5.00	0.00	0.989
	6	325MLA-R	243	6	5	14.50	58.00	58.00	6.00	0.00	1.068
	7	340MLA-R	255	7	5	14.50	58.00	58.00	6.00	0.00	1.121
	8	400MLA-R	300	6	5	16.					

00 58.00 58.00 7.00 0.00 1.318 Exper. Weight LD"(SJSL) Slope (S.E.) No. Species Strata (kg) Iavestigator Reviewer Ceetaetry (rads) (proMts/tag rad) Aaiatsls Exposure Source 12 Dog Mongrel 11.40 Bond-56 Bilateral 238(7.9) 5.2(1.65) 65 Continuous 250 kVp-X Marrow Dose Me*a Survival Meaa Expoaare Max. Expoaare Expoaan Tlsae Dowatiaae Group Treataaeat (rads) Aauaab Deaths (days) Rate (R/aria) Rate (R/aria) (aria) (aria) Doae/LD N

  
	1	108MT-REP	102	2	0	14.60	15.00	15.00	7.20	0.00	0.429
	^	180MT-REP	171	4	1	14.60	15.00	15.00	12.00	0.00	0.719
	3	230MT-REP	218	10	2	14.60	15.00	15.00	15.30	0.00	0.917
	4	252MT-REP	239	27	12	14.60	15.00	15.00	16.80	0.00	1.005
	5	270MT-REP	256	9	7	14.60	15.00	15.00	18.00	0.00	1.077
	6	293MT-REP	278	5	.4	14.60	15.00	15.00	19.50	0.00	1.169
	7	315MT-REP	299	4	4	14.60	15.00	15.00	21.00	0.00	1.258
	8	360MT-REP	341	4	4	14.60	15.00	15.00	24.00	0.00	1.434

Slope (S.E.) (probits/log rad) Animals Expoaare kMNBCC

  
	No. Exact.	Species		Strata	(kg) Weight		lavestigator		Reviewer	Geometry	(rads) LD»(&E.)	(proafts/lejf rial) Slope <&£.)	Aakaala	Exposal*	Searce
	No.	Species		Strata	(kg)		Iavestigator		Reviewer	Geometry	(rail)	(prohMa/log raa)	Aassaals	Expoaars	Soarce
	19	Dog	Mongrel	12.00		Shivcly-61		Page-68	Bilateral	334(18.1)	3.5(1.51)	46	Continuous	Co-60
	21	Dog				MichacIson-68		Page-68		Bilateral	Continuous	Co-60
				Marrow Dose					MeaaSarriTal	Mean Exposure	Max. Expoaare	Expoaare Thae	Dowatfaae
	Groap Treatment Groan Treataaeat		(rads) Marrow Doae (raas)	Aaiamb Deaths Aaiaaab Deaths	(days) Meaa Sarvlval Meaa Exposare Max. Exposure Expo-a Tina DtwaHani Rate (R/mia) Rate (R/aua) <•») (•») («ays) Rate(R/aria) Rate<R/sata) (aria) (aria)	Doae/LD» DOM/LD*
	1 2 1	292MT-R 320MT-R 308MLA-R	280 307 250	10 12	•	2 6		19.00 20.50 •	6.00 6.00 57.50	6.00 6.00 65.00	48.70 53.30 5.40	0.00 0.00 0.00	0.839 0.920 •
	3	370MT-R		35S		12		6		15.80	6.00	6.00	61.70	0.00	1.064
	4	420MT-R		394		12		9		18.00	6.00	6.00	70.00	0.00	1.181
	Exper.				Weight							LDj.(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	No.	Species		Straia	(kg)	Iavestigator	Reviewer	Geosaetry	(ra*)	(probUi/log raJ)
	Exper.				Weight							LD»(S.E.)
	No.	Species		Strain	(kg)	lavestigator	Reviewer Geometry	(rads)
	20	Dog	Mongrel	10.00		Alpen-59			Bilateral	•	•	40	Continuous 250 kVp-X
				Marrow Dose					Meaa Survival Meaa Expoaare Max. Exposure Expoaare TUB* Dowatuae
	Groap Treatment		(rads)	Animals Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/mia)	Rate(R/aua)	(aria)	(aria)	Dose/LD w
	1	275MLA-R		206					12.60		11.80	11.80	23.00	0.00

Aateab Expoaare JSNfvWCS 22 Dog Hansen-61 Page-68 Bilateral Continuous 1000 kVp-X Marrow Dose Meaa Sarvival Meaa Ejipuaan Max. Expoaare Expuaau Tlsae Dowadaw

  
	Exper.		Weight						LD»(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)	
	No.	Species	Straia	(kg)	Iavestigator	Reviewer	Geometry	(rads)	(proMts/log rad)	Awkmnh	Expo-re	Soarce
	23	Dog			Bond-56	Pagc-68	Bilateral				Continuoiu	1000 kVp-X
			Marrow Doae			Meaa Sarriral	Meaa Expoaare Max. Expoeare Expoaare Thaw Dnwtlan
	Groap Treatawat	(rads)	Aabaab Deaths	(days)		Rate (R/ada)	Rate(R/atia)	(aria)	(•!•)	Dots/ID*}
	1		239		•		•			15.00	15.00	<	0.00
	Exper.		Weight						LD M (S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)	
	No.	Species	Strata	(kg)	Iavestigator	Reviewer	Geosaetry	(rads)	(	
	Groap Treatsaeat	(reds)		Aaiasab Deaths	(fays)		Rate(R/aata)	Rate(R/«ia)	(aria)	(aria)	Dose/LOst
	1		239							55.00	55.00		0.00

probits/log rad) AalauJs Expoaare soarcc 24 Dog Bond-56 Page-68 Bilateral Continuous 2000 kVp-X Marrow Dose Meaa Sarvlval Meaa Expoaare Max. Expoaare Expoaare Thae Dowatfcae

  
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	Groap Treataeat 888'8'8'8'88	(rads)	Aainab Deaths	(days)	Rate(R/nla)	Rate(R/aria)	(aria)	(aria)	DOM/LD»
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log rad) Aabaals Exposare SNNaTCC 33 Goat Edmonston-66 Page-68 Bilateral Continuous 2500 kVp-X

  
	Exper. No.	Species	Strata	Weight (kg)	Investigator	Reviewer	Geometry	LD»(S.E.) (rads)	Slope (S.E.) (proMta/lot rati)	Asmaals	Bapo-s	r
	30	Goat	Angora	34.20	Taylor -71		Page -68		Bilateral	200(12.7)	2.5(0.31)	204	Continuous	1 MVp-X
	Exper. Group No.	Treatment Specks	Marrow Dose Weight (rads) Strata (kg)	Animals Deaths lavestigator		LD M (S.E.) Mean Survival Meaa Expoaare Max. Expoaare Exposure Tin* jjoinniaM Sbaa(S.E.) (4»y») Rate (R/mla) kate (R/mm) <•-) <•») Reviewer Geometry (nit) (prohits/log rad) Aalauls Expooan	Doaa/LDa, Source
	1 32	150MLA-R Goat	Angora	92	132 Lcong-64	2		17.50		Rotated	7.50	7.50	20.00 107	0.00 Continuous	0.4S9 1 MeV-X
	2	200MLA-R		122	12		2		32.50			7.50	7.50	26.70	0.00	0.609
	Exper. No. 3 4 S Groap Treatsaeat Species 250MLA-R 300MLA-R 350MLA-R 29 G. pig 6 400MLAR 7 500MLA-R 1 412MLA-R	Wetgkt (kg) Marrow Dose Strata 153 183 214 (rads) 0.48 245 306 247	lavcstigator 12 4 12 7 12 7 Aalaaah Deaths Ncwton-60 12 9 12 8	LD»(S.E.) (rail) 7.50 7.50 Meaa Sarrbal Meaa Exposare Max. Expoaars Expeaars That Dowadaw Sk>a»(S.E.) Reviewer Geometry (proMta/tof rai) Aataaala ExpoWM 28.30 7.50 33.30 o.oc 36.40 7.50 40.00 0.00 32.90 7.50 7.50 46.70 0.00 (days) Rate(R/aUa) Rate(R/axa) (aria) (aria) Rotated 336(17.4) 2.6(1.29) 90 Continuous Dose/LD» 0.764 0.914 1.068 SoaTM Co-<0 24.70 7.50 7.50 53.30 0.00 1.223 17.60 7.50 7.50 66.70 0.00 1.528 19.00 7.00 7.00 59.00 0.00 •
			Marrow Doae					Men SarWraJ Meaa Expoaare Mux. Expoaar* Expu-ii Thae DowatfaM
	Groap Treatment	(nris)	ABbaab Deatta		(days)	Ratt(R/Mh)	Rate (ft/aria)	(ate)	(aria)	DOM/LD»
	1 2 3 Exper. No. Exaer. 31 Group No. (probits/Groan 290 30 10 11.60 18.50 18.50 328 30 15 10.40 18.50 18.50 37S 30 18 11.60 18.50 18.50 Weight Species Strain (kg) lavestigator LD*(S.E.) Weight LD*(S.E.) Slope (S.E.) Stops (S.E.) Reviewer Geometry (rads) (probits/wg rad) Goat Br.Saancn 78.00 Edmondson-71 Page-68 Bilateral 228(13.2) 4.4(1.36) Marrow Dose Treatment (rads) Animals Deaths Meaa Survival Mean Exposure Max. Exposure Exposure Time Downtime 16.00 0.00 18.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 Animals Exposare 42 Continuous (days) Rate (R/mla) Rate(R/mm) (mm) (rata) Doaa/LD» 0.862 0.975 1.114 Source Co-60 Species Strata (kg) lavesrJgator Reviewer Geoeaetry (rads) Marrow Dose Meaa Saniral Meaa Exposare Max. Expo-a Exposaln Thae Dowatha* Treatawat (rads) Aaiauk Deaths (days) Rate(R/aria) Rate(R/ssJa) (asia) (-1.) Dose/LD"
	1 1	13&MLA-R 395MLA-R		84 240	6	0		, 17.00		37.50 32.00	37.50 32.00	3.70 12.30	0.00 0.00	0.368
	2	238MLA-R	144	5	0					37.50	37.50	6.30	0.00	0.633
	3	323MLA-R	196	9	1		21.00			37.50	37.50	8.60	0.00	0.861
	4	367MLA-R	223	5	5		18.60			37.50	37.50	9.80	0.00	0.980
	5	433MLA-R	262	9	6		19.50			37.50	37.50	11.50	0.0J	1.151
	6	S06MLA-R	307	6	5		13.00			37.50	37.50	13.50	0.00	1.349
	7	736MLA-R	447	2	2		9.00			37.50	37.50	19.60	0.00	1.964
		*Wf>					62					

Slope (S.E.) (proMta/Mg rad) A-.

  
	Exper. No. 54 Exper. Exper. No. No.	Species Mouse Specks Specks	Strata C57BL Straia Strata	Weight (kg) Weight Welfs* (kg) (kg)	laresrJgator Strike bvestigator Reviewer Reviewer SR69-19 Iaveatlgator Rerkwer	Geoasetry Bilateral Gewaetry Geoarctry	LD»<S.E.) (ra«a) 680(9.2) LD»(S.E.) LD»(S.E.) (nil)	Sope(S.E.) (aroUto/leg ratf) 7.8(0.95) Sope(S.E.) Stops (SJL) (prohHi/log rai) (arohtts/lag ni)	AaJanlt 260 260 AabaaJs AassMk	Exposure Continuous Continuous Exposart Expo-a	SMBT€9 230 kVp-X 230 kVp-X Siaus Staves	r r r
		56 58	Marrow Doae Mouse C57BL Mouse R		Kallman-62 Brown-60	Expo-a Thus Expo-a Thus 4.9(2.23) Meaa Exposure Max. Exposure Whole-body Meaa Survival 693(35.7) 84 Whole-body 767(13.0) 9.9(1.80) 95	Dowatfcaa Dowatfcaa Continuous 120 kVp-X Continuous 250 kVp-X
	Group	Treataaeat		(ra«s)	Aaiaub	Deaths	<*y»)	Rate (R/atfa)	Rate (R/aaa)	(•*•)	(•«*•)	DOM/LDN
	I 2 Groap Treatsaeat Groap Treatsaeat	Marrow Dose Marrow Dow (rads) (rads)		30 50 Aalanls Deaths 0 \ Aalaab Deaths	23.00 MeaaSarriral Meaa Exposare Max. Expoaare Exp oaan That DowaoBM 23.00 20.00 0.00 MeaaSarrival Mtaa Exposal* Max. Expo-s ExaoaarsTssM DowadBM , 23.00 23.00 26.00 0.00 (day.) Rate (R/aua) Rate (R/aria) (•hi) (-hi) (days) Rate (R/aria) Rat*(R/a*) (ssla) (•la)	0.636 0.794 Deae/LD* Data/LD*
	3 4 5 6	1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4	790MT-R 845MT-R 865MT-R 910MT-R		682 729 746 785		SO 50 12 19 50 9 19 30 22 19 9 19	1C 16 29 28 11 7 1 6 8 13 6 15	13.00 12.00 13.20 15.00 12.10 8.00 14.50 12.30		23.00 23.00 2.19 54.40 23.00 2.19 54.40 23.00 2.19 54.40 2.19 54.40	23.00 23.00 2.19 54.40 23.00 2.19 54.40 23.00 2.19 54.40 2.19 54.40	28.00 31.00 361.00 11.90 33.00 386.00 13.80 39.00 393.00 14.70 416.00 15.60	0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0J00 0.00	0.874 0.984 0.847 0.953 1.052 0.978 1.033 1.076 1.043 1.192 1.133 1.108
		5 5	940MT-R		811		23 19	19 19	11.30		2.19 54.40	2.19 54.40	429.00 17.50	0.00 0.00	1.170 1.238
		6	975MT-R		84]			9		8	9.80		2.19	2.19	444.00	0.00	1.213
	Exper.				Weight									LD*(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	No. Exper.	Species	Strain	(kg) Weight		lavestigator	Reviewer	Geoaaetry	(raa*) LD»(S.E.)	(probits/log rao) Slope (S.E.)	Aahaals	Exposure	Source
	55 Exper. No. No. 59	Mouse Specks Species Mouse	C3H Strata Strata R	Weight (kg) (kg)		Strike IaTestigaior lavestigator Brown-	SR69-19 Rerkwer Reviewer	Bilateral Geoaaetry Ceoautry	688(11.6) (rads) LDj,(S.E.) (rads)	5.1(0.50) (proWts/log rad)	365 AatatsJs	Continuous Expoaart	Soaros 250 kVp-X Soarce
		57	Mouse	Marrow Dow WR-B 0.02		Dacquisto-60	Meaa Survival Whole-body Meaa Export 708(26.5) Max. Exposare 3.2(0.41) Export Thae 195	DowattaM Continuous 230 kVp-X
	Group	Trcataaeat		(raaa)	Aaiaub	Deaths	(says)	Rate (R/ada)	Rate (R/aua)	(>*)	(-»)	Dost/LD*
	1 2 Group	Treatsaeat	Marrow Dose (rads)	43 38 Aaisaab Deaths 1 2	23.00 Meaa Sorriral Meaa Expmau 14.00 23.00 (days) Rate (R/aua)	23.00 Max* Expoaare Exposare Tbae Dowatnae 18.00 0.00 23.00 21.00 0.00 Rate (R/aria) (ada) (ada)	0.550 0.628 Dom/LDm
	3 4	1	350MLA-R		312		37 38	35	3 3	0	13.00 11.00		23.00 23.00 3.00	23.00 23.00 3.00	23.00 26.00 117.00	0.00 0.00 0.00	0.707 0.785 0.441
	5 6 7 8 9	2 3 4 5 6	440MLA-R 600MLA-R 770MLA-R 1000MLA-R 1200MLA-R		393 535 687 892 1071		37 22 50 50 50	35 35 35 35 20	6 6 6 47 50	3 4 15 26 20	10.00 11.00 14.00 8.00 10.00 22.00 14.00 13.00 13.50 13.00		23.00 23.00 23.00 23.00 23.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00	23.00 23.00 23.00 23.00 23.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00	28.00 31.00 33.00 36.00 41.00 147.00 200.00 257.00 333.00 400.00	0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00	0.864 0.942 1.021 1.099 1.256 0.555 0.756 0.970 1.260 1.513

**-. 
60 Whole-body 787(13.4) 12.9(2.67) 57 Continuous 250 kVp-X

  
													I
	Exper.		Weight							LD»(S.E.)	Stops (&E.)
	No.	Species	Strafe	(kg)	lavestfgator	Reviewer	Geoawtry	(rata)	(aroUta/lag rati)	AfJaak	Exaaaan	Saarce
	60	Mouse	CBA		Neal-60			Whole-body	788(10.7)	11,3(2,19)	130	Continuous	250 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose			MeaaSarrtral	MeaaExaoaare	Max. Exaoaart	Expoaara Tk*e	Dowatha*
	Groap	Treataseat	(rads)	A-U.	Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/aria)	Rata (R/aaa))	(•aa)	(«*a)	Daa»/LD»
	1		750		20	4					786.00	786.00	1.06	0.00	0.952
	2		803		40	24		•			786.00	786.00	1.14	0.00	1.019
	3		855		40	37					786.00	786.00	1.21	0.00	1.085
	4		910		30	26					786.00	786.00	1.29	0.00	1.155
	Exper.		Weight							LD»(	
	No.	Species	Straia	(k|)	Iavesttgatar	Reviewer		Ceoatetry		
			Marrow Dose			MeaaSarriral	Meaa Eipa-n	Max. Expo-t Expo-s Th-	DoWttBH
	Group Treatsaeat	(rads)	Aalaub Deaths	(days)	Rate {R/aata)	Rate(R/afa)	(ala)	(•hi)	Dosa/LD*
					19	2					27.00	27.00	25.90	0.00	0.889
					19	9					27.00	27.00	29.60	0.00	1.016
					19	19				27.00	27.00	33.30	0.00	1.144

S.E.) (rada) Slope (S^E.) (probfts/lof rad) Aaaaula Expoaari 9MITC9 61 Mouse R Brown-60 Whole-body 803(13.2) 13.5(2.72) 76 Continuous 250 kVp-X

  
			Marrow Dose			Meaa Sarrhal	Meaa Expo-re.			DowatiaM	
	Groap	Treatateat	(rads)	Aaiawb	Deaths	(aays)	Rate(R/sahi)	Rate (R/aah)	(a*)	(•hi)	Doat/LD,,
	1		700	19	0		54.40	54.40	12.90	0.00	0.872
	2		800	19	11		54.40	54.40	14.70	0.00	0.996
	3		900	19	17		54.40	54.40	16.50	0.00	1.121
	4		1000	19	19		54.40	54.40	18.40	0.00	1.245

LDM(S.E.) (raas) Slope (S.E.) (proMts/log rad) AalauUs Expoeare 65 Mouse CBA Nsal-60 Whole-body 845(8.9) 11.6(2.00) 135 Continuous 250 kVp-X

  
	Exper. No.	Specks		Strain	Weight (kg)		Investigator	Reviewer	Geometry	LD»(SJE.) (rads)	Slope (S.E.) (proMts/log rad)	Amman	Exposure	1 r
	Expec. 66 Exper. No. Exper. No.	Weight Weight (kg) Straia Species Strain Mouse R Specks		LD»(S.E.) 884(14.2) LD N (S.E.) (nub) LD M (S.E.) Slope (SJE.) 13.0(2.55) Slope (S.E.) (proMts/log rad) Animals 76 Slope (S.E.) Geometry Whole-body Geometry lavestigator Rerkwcr Brown-60 Investigator Reviewer Weight (kg) (rads) (aroMts/log rad) Aataaaai Continuous Exaaeure Expoeam 250 IcVp-X Soarc* Soarce
	No. 68 70	Species Mouse Mouse P.Gossypinus-W Strata (kg) Marrow Dose		lavestigator Brown-60 Gollcy-65 Reviewer Mean Survival Geoawtry Whole-body Mean Exposure (raas) 936(22.0) Whole-body 973(90.9) (probHs/leg rat) Max. Exposure Exposure Time Aahaals 7.2(1.53) 76 3.9(1.50) 25	Exposare Downtime Interrupted 250 kVp-X Searce Continuous Co-60
	64 Group Treatment Mouse	R	(rads)		Brown-60 Animals Deaths	Whole-body (days)	827(12.3) Rate (R/mta)	11.3(2.33) Rate (R/BUH)	76 (mm)	Interrupted (mm)	250 kVp-X Dose/LD»,
	Gross* 1 2 Group Treatmeat Treatneat Group TrcataMat 1 2 3 3 4 1 OMLA-R Marrow Dose (nwb) 800 900 Marrow Dose («ds) Marrow Dow Aaiauris 19 19 Animals Deaths Deaths 2 11 (rads) Aaiauls Deaths MeaaSarvival (days) Mean Survival (oays) Meaa Sarvital Meaa Expo-re Max. Expo-re Expogarc Tfaae Dowatfaaw MeaaExpoMure Rate (R/ada) Max, Expo-ri Rate (R/ada) Expo-re Th-(ada) DOWBMM (ada) 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 132.00 148.00 0.00 0.00 MeaaExpoaare Rate (R/mta) Max. Expoaare Rate (R/mm) Expoaare Time (••) Downtbae (atla) (days) Rate(R/aria) Rate (R/ssia) (•!•) (aria) 750 800 850 19 19 19 3 6 12 • 13.70 14.50 15.40 53.50 53.50 53.50 54.70 55.00 55.30 40.70 40.00 39.40 19 18 19 19 6 10 6.10 6.10 6.10 165.00 181.00 0.00 0.00 750 850 950 1050 19 19 19 19 2 2 12 15 3.80 4.30 4.80 5.30 18.60 18.60 18.60 18.60 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 160.00 154.00 149.00 144.00 0 5 1 , 25.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 2 870MLA-R 774 5 1 30.00 25.00 25.00 34.80 0.00 3 1160MLA-R 1032 5 3 25.00 25.00 25.00 46.40 0.00 4 1450MLA-R 1291 5 4 , 25.00 25.00 58.00 0.00	0.905 DOM/LDW Dose/LDn 1.018 Doss/LD* 0.907 0.968 1.028 1.132 1.245 0.801 0.000 0.908 0.796 1.015 1.061 1.122 1.327
	4	5	1740MLA-R	950	1549		19	5	18	5		,		17.00 25.00	53.50 25.00	55.90 69.60	38.10 0.00	1.149 1.592
																5C
	Exper.					Weight									LD M (S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	No.	Species		Strain	(kg)		Investigator	Reviewer	Geometry	(rads)	(proMts/log rad) Animate	Exposure	Source
	Exper.				Weight									LD"(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	Exper. 67 No. Exper.	Mouse Species		R Strain	Weight (kg) Weight	Brown-60 Investigator	Reviewer	Whole-body Geometry	916(22.9) (rads)	6.0(1.09) (proMts/log **d)	95 Animals	Interrupted Expoaure	250 kVp-X Source
	No. 69 No.	Species Mouse Species	Straw Marrow Dose (kg) CBA Straia (kf)		lavcstigatoi r Neal-60	Reviewer Mean Survival Mean Exposure Geoawtry Whole-body 947(8.3)	Max. Exposure Exposure Time 17.7(3.07) 100	Downtime Continuous	250 kVp-X
	Group Treatment		(rads)		Animals Deaths	(days)		Rate(R/min)	Rate (R/mia)	(min)	(mm)	Dose/LD M
					Marrow Dose						Meaa Survival Mean Exposure	Max. Exposure Expoaure Time	Downtime
	Group 1 Group 2 3 1	Treatmeat Treatment		Marrow Dose (rais) 700 (rads) 800 900 850	Aaiaab 19 Animals Deaths Deaths 2 19 3 19 7 25 1	MeaaSarviral (aays) (days)	Meaa Exposare Rate (R/ada) 4.30 Rate (R/mm) 4.90 5.50 7.90	Max. Exposare Rate (R/ada) 27.00 Rate (R/mia) 27.00 27.00 7.90	Exposare Tbae (ada) 163.00 (mm) 163.00 164.00 119.00	137.00 Dowatiaw (ada) 134.00 130.00 0.00	0.764 Doae/LD M 0.873 Doss/LDs, 0.982 0.898
	1 •> 3 4 2 4 5 3 4				750 800 850 900 900 950 1000		30 35 35 35 19 25 19 25 25	3 8 19 27 14 5 17 11 22		•			76.00 76.00 76.00 76.00 6.10 8.30 6.70 8.80 9.20	76.00 76.00 76.00 76.00 27.00 8.30 27.00 8.80 9.20	11.00 11.70 12.40 13.20 164.00 120.00 165.00 120.00 120.00	0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 127.00 0.00 124.00 0.00 0.00	1.092 0.9S1 0.888 1.201 1.004 0.947 1.065 1.006 1.056	r

LD*»(S.E.) laresrJgator Reviewer Geoaetry (rads) Slope (S.E.) (proMts/lof rad) ABUMIS Exposare Soaree 71 Mouse R Brown-60 Whole-body 1008(20.1) 13.1(3.74) 57 Interrupted 250 kVp-X

  
	Exacr.			Weight						LDs»(S.E.)	Slope (&E.)
	No.	Species Strata	(kg)	lavestigator Reviewer	Geometry	(rads)	(proMts/log rad) Aahaals	Expo-re	Soarc*
	72	fXouse	R		Brown-60			Whole-body	1026(19.0)	9.9(1.88)	76	Continuous 250 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose		Meaa Survival Meaa Exposare Max. Expeaare	ExpoaareTfaa* DowatiaM
	Groap Treatneat		(rads)	Aaisaab Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/aila)	Rate (R/atia)	(aria)	(ada)	Doae/LDM
	1			895	19	2				2.50	2.50	360.00	0.00	0,872
	2			1020	19	9				2.80	2.80	360.00	0.00	0.994
	3			1116	19	14				3.10	3.10	360.00	0.00	1.087
	4			1242	19	19				3.50	3.50	360.00	0.00	1.210
										e/i
	Exper.			Weight						LDM(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	No.	Species Straia	(kg)	lavestigator Reviewer		Geoawtry		(rads)	(
	73								
			Marrow Dose		Meaa Sarrival Meaa Exposal ti	Max. Exposare Expo-rt Haw	DowithsM)
	Groap Treatsseat		(rads)	Aahnals Deaths		(days)	Rate (R/sxia)	Rate (R/«ia)	(aria)	(•»)	Dow/LD M
	1			1000	19	9				2.90	17.90	343.00	287.00	0.992
	2			1100	19	16				3,20	17.90	343.00	282.00	1.091
	3			1200	19	19				3.50	17.90	344.00	277.00	1.190

proMts/log rad) Mouse CBA Ncal-60 Whole-body 1029(10.3) 21.5(4.24) Aaiawls Exposare 95 Soarce Continuous 250 kVp-X

  
	Exper. No. Exper. No. Exper.	Specks Species	Straia Straia	Weight (kg) Weight (kg) Weight	Iarestigator lareatigator	Reviewer Reviewer	Geometry Geometry	LD»(S.E.) (rads) LD M (S.E.) (rads) LD"(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.) (proata/log rad) Slope (S.E.) (proMta/log rad) Slop* (SJE.)	Aateala Asaaala	Ejiposan Expoaare	Sure. Soarce	r
	74 76 No.	Mouse Mouse Species Straia CBA R	(kg)	Neal-60 Brown-60 Iarestigator	Refiewer	Whole-body Whole-body Geoawtry	1039(12.2) 1071(16.7) (rate)	19.2(3.95) 12.2(2.37) (praMta/tog rod)	80 76	Continuous Continuous	250 kVp-X 250 kVp-X
	78	Mouse			Brown-60				Whole-body	1085(18.7)	10.2(1.70)		93	Interrupted 250 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose Marrow Dose				Meaa Svriral Meaa SurviYal Meaa Expoaare Max. Expmati Expuaan Tlaw Meaa Expoaan Max. Expe-ri Expoaati Haw	DowarJaM Dowattae
	Croap Groap Treataseat Treatsaeat	(rads) (rads) Marrow Dose	Aaimab Aaimab Deaths Deaths	(days) (days) Meaa Sarvfral Mcaa Export Rate(R/aUa) Rate(R/mia)	Rate(R/atia) Rate(R/s*la) Max. Expoaart		(•!•) (aria)	(•-)	Doat/LDw Doae/LDss
	l Groap TreataMat 1	900 995 (rads)	20 19 Aafaaab Deaths 0 5	(days)	2.80 2.8C Rate(R/aria)	2.80 2.80 Rate(R/aria)		360.00 360.00 (aila)	0.00 0.00 (aria)	0.867 0.929 Do»/LD«
	2 2			1000 1070	20 19	5 7					3.10 3.00	3.10 3.00		357.00 360.00	0.00 0.00	0.963 0.999
	3 3			1100 1210	20 19	17 18					3.40 3.40	3.40 3.40		359.00 360.00	0.00 0.00	1.059 1.130
	4 4			1200 1284	20 19	20 19					3.70 3.60	3.70 3.60		359.00 360.00	0.00 0.00	1.155 1.199
														g
	Exper. Exper.			Weight Weight							LDs,(S.E.) LD»(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.) Slope (S.E.)	
	No. No.	Species Species	Strata Strain	(kg) (kg)	lavesrJgator Investigator	Reviewer Reviewer	Geoasetry Geoatetry	(rads) (rads)	(proUts/log rad) (probits/log rad)	AaJaaab Aaiatab	Expoaare Expoaare	Soarcc Soarce
	75 77 Exper. No.	Mouse Mouse Species Straia R R	Weight (kg)	Brown-60 Brown-60 lareatigator	Reviewer	Whole-body Whole-body Geoawtry	1060(24.9) 1077(17.3) LD»(S,E.) (rads)	7.0(1.27) 12.0(2.39)		95 76	Interrupted Interrupted	250 kVp-X 2S0 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose Marrow Dose				Mean Sarrfral Meaa Survival Meaa Exposure Meaa Exposal t	Max. Exposal* Max. Expoaare Expoaare Thaw ExpoaareTtsse	Dowsitnse Dowatfsae
	Groap Group Treatneat TreatBMat	Marrow Dose (rads) (rads)	Aaisaab Aaisaab Deaths Deaths	Meaa Survival (days) (days)	Meaa Exposare Rate(R/ssla) Rate (R/sala)	Max. Exposare Rate (R/aala) Rate (R/aua)	Expoaare Tlase (ada) (•*•)	Dowadaw <••)	Doat/LDa, Dose/LD*
	Group Treataieat 1 1	(rads) 907 1000	Animals Deaths 19 5 19 3	(oays)	Rate (R/nla) 2.60 2.90	Rate (R/aua) 55.30 6.10		(ada) 355.00 349.00	(•in) 339.00 185.00	Doee/LDj, 0.856 0.928
	I 2 3 4 2 2 3 3 5 4 4		900 1000 1100 1200 1060 11C0 1145 1200 1360 1270 1300	25 25 25 20 19 19 19 19 19 19 19	0 7 23 20 5 13 13 16 19 18 19					4.29 3.00 3.10 4.62 3.20 3.40 5.10 5.60 3.80 3.60 3.70	4.29 55.30 6.10 4.62 55.30 6.10 5.10 5.60 55.30 55.30 6.10		233.00 355.00 350.00 241.00 355.00 351.00 239.00 240.00 355.00 355.00 352.00	0.00 336.00 169.00 0.00 335.00 154.00 0.00 0.00 331.00 332.00 138.00	1.000 1.021 0.875 1.081 1.114 0.972 1.166 1.284 1.069 1.199 1.207
														I

Slope (S.E.) (proMts/log rad) 79 Mouse Brown-60 Whole-body 1092(17.8) 12.6(3.03)

  
	Exper.		Weight							LD»(S.E.)	Stops (S.E.)	r
	No.	Species Strata	(kg)	famsrJgator	Reviewer	GeoaKtry	(reds)	(proaits/log red) Aah-Is	Expasart	Soarce
	SO	Mouse	CBA		Ncal-60			Whole-body	1095(11.8)	14.9(2.26)	120	Continuous	250 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose				Meaa Sarrival Meaa Exposare Max. Expoaare Exposare Thae
	Groap Treatawat	(reds)	Aalaiab Deaths	(days)	Rate(R/*aia)	Rate (R/a^)	(aria)	(•to)	Doat/LD»
					30	2					2.30	2.30	476.00	0.00	0.913
	i 2 3		885 995 1105		19 19 19 30 30 30	0 5 10 16 29 29					2.60 2.90 3.20 2.60 2.80 3.00	55.30 55.30 55.30 2.60 2.80 3.00	341.00 341.00 341.00 478.00 480.00 481.00	325.00 323.00 321.00 0.00 0.00 0.00	1.004 0.815 1.095 0.917 1.018 1.187
	4		1215		19	16					3.60	55.30	341.00	319.00	1.120
	5		1326		19	19					3.90	55.30	341.00	317.00	1.222
	Exper.			Weight							LD"(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	No.	Species	Strata		(kg)	Investigator	Reviewer	Geoatetry	(rads)	(probits/log red) Aataub	Exposare	Soarce
	81	Mouse P.Polionotus-W		Golley-65			Whole-body	1146(56.3)	5.0(1.23)	55	Continuous Co-60
			Marrow Dose								57	Interrupted	230 kVp-X
	Groap	Treatmeat	(raas)	Aatatab Deaths				
			Marrow Dose				Meaa Sarrlral Meaa Expoaart Max. Expoaare
	Groap Treataeat	(rads)		Deaths	(days)	Rate(R/aria)	Rate(R/ada)	(•hi)	(ado)	Doae/LD*
			950	19	0					2.80	54.40	341.00	324.00	0.870
			1050		19	8					3.10	54.40	341.00	322.00	0.961
			1150		19	13					3.40	54.40	341.00	320.00	1.053

Meaa Sarvival Meaa Exposave Max. Expoaare Expoaare Time Dowatiaw

  
	Exper. No,	Species		Strata	Weight Of)	lavestigator	Reviewer	Geometry	LDj,(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.) (pfoMts/log rad)	Expoaare	Soarce	r
	82 Exper. No.	Mouse Species Straia CF-NO.l	0.02 Weight (kg)	Vogel-57 larestigator	Reviewer	Whole-body Geometry	1159(7.0) LD"(S.E.) (rads)	10.9(1.45) Slope (S.E.) (probits/log rad)	426 Aataab	Continuous Expoaare	Co-60 Soarce
	84	Mouse	Marrow Dose CBA		Corp-59			Meaa Survival Meaa Expoaare Max. Expo-re Expoaare Thae DOWBtlBM Free-moving 1339(11.0) 13.8(2.11) 185 Continuous	2S0 kVp-X
	Groap	Treataaeat	(rads)		Aaiasab Deads		(oays)		Rate (R/aria)	Rate (R/ata)	(•to)	(•to)	Doaa/LD*
				Marrow Dose					Meaa Sarvhal	Mean Expoaare Max. Expoaare	Expoaare HBM	Dowatisje
	1 2 Groap	1230MLA-R 1262MLA-R Treabacat	1078 1106 (nub)	30 24 Aalatab	5 10 Deaths	13.40 13.40 (days)		1.00 1.00 Rate (R/arfa)	1.00 1.00 Rate (R/ada)	1230.00 1262.00 (ada)	0.00 0.00 (ssn)	0.930 0.954 DOM/LDM
	3 4 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 8 5	1308MLA-R 1325MLA-R 1351MLA-R 1370MLA-R 1406MLA-R 1470MLA-R	1146 1160 1125 1184 5230 1200 1310 1232 1350 1288 1510		114 62 20 72 40 38 50 24 50 38 25	59 32 2 33 1 21 20 17 26 36 25		13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40		1.00 1.00 0.77 1.00 0.85 1.00 0.90 1.00 0.93 1.00 1.04	1.00 1.00 0.77 1.00 0.85 1.00 0.90 1.00 0.93 1.00 1.04	1308.00 1325.00 1500.00 1351.00 1500.00 1370.00 1500.00 1406.00 1500.00 1470.00 1500.00	0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00	0.989 0.840 1.001 0.919 1.021 0.978 1.035 1.008 1.063 1.111 1.128
	9	1508MLA-R	1321		24	23		13.40		1.00	1.00	1508.00	0.00	1.139	3
	Exper.				Weight								LDM(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)
	Exper. No.	Species	Straia	Weight (kg)		IavesrJgator	Reviewer	Geoawtry	LD»(S.E.) (rads)	Slope (S.E.) (probits/log rad)	Aalaiab	Expoaare	90VCC
	No. 8:>	Species Mouse	Strata R	(kg)	lavestigator Brown-60	Reviewer	Geometry Whole-body	(rads)	(proMts/log red)	Aalmab 38	Expoearc Continuous	aowct 250 kVp-X
	83	Mouse	CBA			Corp-59				(days) Free-moving Rate(R/nb) 1231(12.8)	Rate(R/mta) 11.8(1.38)	(nil) 200	(mta) Continuoui 250 kVp-X Dose/LD*
				Marrow Dose					Meaa Sarvival	Meaa Expoaare	Max. Exposare	Expoaare Tlaw	DowarJase
	1 2 3 4 5 Group Group TreataMat 0MLA-R 870MLA-R 1160MLA-R 1450MLA-R 1740MLA-R Treatneat 2 1	0 774 1032 1291 1549 Marrow Dose (rads) (rads) 800 1135 960 900	0 0 Deaths 4 8 Aaiawls Deaths Aaisaab 4 19 10 35 3 40 2 19 19	, 30.00 (days) Meaa Sarvlval Meaa Expoaare Max. Expoaare Expoaare Thae 25.00 25.00 0.00 25.00 25.00 34.80 Rate(R/aria) Rate(R/nia) (aria) 25.00 25.00 25.00 46.40 (days) Rate(R/aria) Rate(R/mla) (aria) 17.90 17.90 44.90 , 25.00 25.00 58.00 , 25.00 25.00 69.60 0.78 6.60 1500.00 0.66 6.60 1500.00 17.90 17.90 50.30	0.00 0.00 Dowatfaae (•») 0.00 (•to) 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00	0.000 DOM/LDM 0.675 0.901 DOM/LDM 1.127 0.922 1.352 0.780
	3			1180		50	11					0.81	6.60	1500.00	60.00	0.959
	4			1390		35	35					0.96	6.60	1500.00	60.00	1.130
	5			1400		40	38					0.96	6.60	1500.00	60.00	1.138

in v^ r~ oo -« <N en T V> vO Lxper.

  
			Weiglrt					LD"(S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)		
	No.	Species	Strain	(kg)	Investigator	Reviewer Geometry	(rads)	(probits/log rad)	Animals	Exposure	Sowce
	151	Primate	Rhesus	-	Schlumberger-54		Rotated	450(22.2)	3.5(0.64)	92	Continuous 250 ItVp-X
			Marrow Dose			Mean Survival Mean Exposure Max. Exposure Exposure Time Downtime
	Group	Treatment	(rads)	Animals Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/min)	Rate (R/min)	(Bin)	(nln)	DOM/LD M
	1	300MLA-R	267		12	1			23.00	23.00	13.00	0.00	0.593
	2	400MLA-R	356		8	2			23.00	23.00	17.00	0.00	0.790
	3	500MLA-R	445		22	9			23.00	23.00	22.00	0.00	0.988
	4	600MLA-R	534		9	5			23.00	23.00	26.00	0.00	1.186
	5	700MLA-R	624		23	21			23.00	23.00	30.00	0.00	1.386
	6	800MLA-R	713		8	8			23.00	23.00	35.00	0.00	1.583
	7	900MLA-R	802		10	10			23.00	23.00	39.00	0.00	1.781
													oo
	Exper.			Weight				LD M (S.E.)	Slope (S.E.)		
	No.	Species	Strain	(kg)	Investigator	Reviewer	Geometry	(rads)	(probits/log rad)	Animals	Exposure	Source
	152	Primate	Rhesus-M	5.00	Henschke-57	Page-68	Rotated	458(19.4)	3.8(0.61)	110	Continuous 250 kVp-X
			Marrow Dose			Mean Survival Mean Exposure Max. Exposure Exposure Time Downtime
	Group	Treatment	(rads)	Animals Deaths	(days)	Rate (R/min)	Rate (R/min)	(mln)	(mia)	Dose/LD M
	1	300MLA-R	269		23	1	18.00		22.00	22.00	13.60	0.00	0.587
	•>	400MLA-R	358		9	2	15.50		22.00	22.00	18.10	0.00	0.781
	3 4 5 6	500MLA-R 600MLA-R 700MLA-R 800MLA-R	448 538 627 717		25 9 26 9	10 5 24 9	17.00 13.80 12.10 8.20		22.00 22.00 22.0C 22.00	22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00	22.70 27.20 31.80 36.30	0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00	0.978 1.174 1.368 1.564	5 3. 1 3. 1 <%
	7	900MLA-R	807		9	9	8.10		22.00	22.00	40.90	0.00	1.761

©
T D Jones, M D Morris, S M Wells, R W Yoongt, • * ^f Tf
A major purpose of the Techni cal Information Center is to provide the broadest dissemination possi ble of information contained in DOE's Research and Development Reports to business, industry, the academic community, and federal, state and local governments. Although a small portion of this report is not reproducible, it is being made available to expedite the availability of information on the research discussed herein. L ORNL--6338 DE87 005223 Health and Safety Research Division ANIMAL MORTALITY RESULTING FROM UNIFORM EXPOSURES TO PHOTON RADIATIONS: CALCULATED LOg* AND A COMPILATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA