www.fikria.org/mogala/16/1_1/htm 2 -Audie Klotz et Cecelia Lynch ,"Le constructivisme dans la théorie des relations internationales", Critique international n°2 -hiver 1999. 

Wendt

Nicolas Onuf 1989 'World of our making' .  -Price Richard and Reus Smith, "Critical international theory and constructivism" ,European Journal of International Relations, Sage publications, London ,Volume4,Number3,September,P264. 

13

Maja Zebfuss,op.cit.p49. 23 -Toru Oga, "From Constructivism to Deconstructivism:theorising the Construction and Culmination of identities", http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-htm.. --. 29 -Karin M Fierk and Knud Erik Jorgensen, "Constructing international relations :the next generation", New York, Library of Congress,2001. . 342 Waleed Mahmood Ahmed, "The U.S. Strategy In Mediterranean Sea, Baghdad", Regional Studies Center 

3 -

 3 Ben Goodrich, "Constructivism and International Relations Theory", International Relations Field Seminar -Week 03 Paper,February 17, 2004. 




  ‫ان‬ ‫ز‬ ‫و‬ ‫دل‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ا‬ : www.geocities.com/adel zeggagh/polreview.html 


12

 12 


.

  


220

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  ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : http://www.alnoha.com/visoto4/alhumanah.htm 




  SS IAN M I L I TAR Y BU DG E T, IN : HT T P:/ / W W W .G L O BAL SEC U R I T Y. OR G / M IL I TA R Y/ W OR L D/ R U S SIA / M O-BU DG E T .H TM 


Alexander Wendt " Anarchy is what states make of it' Wendt .

  Maja Zebfuss, op.cit.47.48. 


											Oneuf Oneuf	. Kratochvil
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												254	‫،ص‬	253	2006 ‫،ص‬ 15 -‫ا‬

17-Martin Griffiths and others,"Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations", New York ,Routledge key guides, 2009.2ed edition.p235. 18 -22 : 
conception and the politics of Identity in foreign policy"

  p87. Arena working paper series N°08/1999,15/02/1999,In http:// www.arena.uio.no/publications/wp99_8htm 


												"
	)											. . 38	.	other entitiy
	. ) 41 ( " : Theory of International Politics Structure " " Agent . . : . . . : (... / ( . . " : . . . : ) : " (" -. : : A.Wendt * * * * ) ) ". 35 " : " ( Hollis * " * " ) ( ) . ( ( ) " ( ( ) " Wendt, .( ) ( ) ( -/ interest " 39 " " " : » . ( 43 . : : " " " ) " : ( . " " " : ( " New Thinking " . " 34 Process " • " Discourese analysis . ) : " : ) K. Waltz : 30 32 ) " " -. : ." . . ) Smith Positional ( . ) ( -. ( " . 36 " " " / / ... -. ) ( « . " " ( : ) " . 44 . . 37 '' :
	)	.	"	"	" "			Alexandre Wendt ( . 42 " " Agent " ": . 45	"	33	.	Transformational David Campbell ) ( " ". Structure 40 " "
	A.Wendt " Alexander Wendt 1987 " " " . " 43 ‫ا‬ -‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ، : http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page_1_3.htm	" (	)	. Anarchy is what state make of it 31 " :	:
					‫ت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ،		‫أ‬	www.alghad.jo	:	" ،	‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	‫وا‬	‫ا‬	"	‫اري،‬ ‫ا‬
	30 Toru Oga ,op.cit. 40 ‫رات‬ " ‫ا‬ ، :	‫ا‬ ‫ام‬	"	http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page_3_3.htm
	31 .	255	‫،ص‬	‫ت،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬		‫أ‬			

، ‫ص‬ Karin M Fierk and Knud Erik Jorgensen.op.cit.90. -Lisbeth Aggestam, "Role of conception and the politics of Identity in foreign policy "Arena working paper series N°08/1999,15/02/1999,In s http:// www.arena.uio.no/publications/wp99_8htm 38 Toru Oga, op.cit 39 -Martin Griffiths and others, op.cit.p238. 42 Lisbeth Aggestam,"Role of 44 -Richard Higgot, "Globalization 
and Regionalization: New Trends in World Politics",

  Abu Dhabi, the Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research,1998, p.78.45Maja Zebfuss, ,op.cit.p55. Tubingen,Germany,working paper ,N°34a.p3 48 Michel Barnett ,op.cit.p263. 


																		:		Value Reference :	:	*
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	'	'	." ' '	'	56 '	.	' '		"		"	Finnemore " 49 52 . "	.	"	'	Krasner " ' ' ' . 63 . . 2001 : "	09 /	. 11 /	47 ' ' '	. '	* *
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																:		‫ا‬ ، ‫ز‬ ‫ان‬ ‫وز‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫دل‬	:	" ،	‫دة‬	‫ت‬	‫وا‬	"	، ‫وا‬	55
																				http://www.geocities_adelezeggagh_IR.html
																:		‫ا‬ ، ‫ز‬ ‫ان‬ ‫وز‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫دل‬	:	" ،	‫دة‬	‫ت‬	‫وا‬	، "	‫وا‬	60
	http://www.geocities_adelezeggagh_IR.html		
	54 . 61 . 266	‫،ص‬	.	26	‫ت،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ 2004	‫أ‬							2001 :	11	63

46Toru Oga, op.cit.47HenninBoekle and others, "Norms and foreign policy: Constructivist foreign policy"49Maja Zebfuss,op.cit.p62. 53 incent Pouliot ,"The essence of constructivism", Journal of International Relations and Development Volume 7, Number 3, 2004 60 Wendt ."61 . 59 incent Poulio,op.cit.62 Scott Burchill and others, "Theories of International Relations",in : http://www.scribd.com/doc/37121283/43/The-contribution-of-constructivism 
est ce que la sécurité national", La

  
																Barry Buzan Henry Kissinger " "	:	1 *
																"	"	Kissinger
				74	.			Staline		. Hitler 67					Gorbatchev . 71
											"	"				Booth Wheeler "	2 *
						"		"	75	."					.
	Arnold Wolfers " " " "						"	"	"	: " Giacomo Luciani " (	)	."	*
	" Jonathan Fox ' " °	"	.... Frank N.Tragrer et Frank Simonie " (	)	":	"	" *
		69	.												":	" °° 72 76 . .	": °°° "
						77	.	"	73	.					"	. Arnold Wolfers " . Dominique David ( " " " 68 " " Walter Lippmann ) ) ( "	*	* *
		"					"		"	.		78	."	70	:	. Robert McManamar ": Barry Buzan "	* *
						.								79	."	.
	.														*
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	74 http//www.geocitie.com/lint ,html ، ‫ء‬ ‫زآ‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : . 71 Barry Buzan,"Is international security possible"?paper presented at:New Thinking about strategy and 75 414 . . international security(conference),edited by Ken Booth,London Harper Collins Academic,1991,P31 72 1985 28 76 Thierry Balzac,"Qu'Revue Internationale et stratégique,(Hiver, n°= 52,2003-. 2004), p33
	" 77 Charles-Philippe David, Jean Jacques Roche, "		:	"	-	69
																9	19
																"	106	/ .	-4 24	: 55 2 -3 / .	"	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	-	70 ‫رة°‬ ‫رة°°‬
	68 -	‫،ص‬ 83	2007	، ‫ز‬ ‫وا‬			‫ا‬ ‫،دار‬ ‫وت‬	،	‫ا‬	‫وا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اع‬ ‫،ا‬	‫ر‬	‫دق‬ 410	.	2004 83 / 4	‫ا‬	‫ء‬ ‫ا‬	‫رة°°°‬

67 Scott Burchill and others, "Theories of International Relations",in : http://www.scribd.com/doc/37121283/43/The-contribution-of-constructivism73OlivierRichmond,"broadeningconcepts of security in the post-cold war : implications for the E U and the Mediterranean region," in http://www.Edg ac,uk/eis/publications( 26 Mars 2000). 
Théories de la Sécurité : définition, approches et concept de la sécurité international",Paris :Edition

  Montchrestien,2002, p85. 


	"	"	"	"	"	"				"	"			": :
	90	.			84	:					.	" "	"	"	": "	82	." 86	:	"
	." Samuel Huntington ' Hard Security' . " " . .. Baldwin . 87 . : 88 : 80 . 83 . . Thomas Hobbs " " Belief Systems " . , ... : " " ' : . . . " Hobbs ' Soft security ' " . " " : . 91 ".... . ... . 1648 " " " . " ' . " " . Keith Krause " " . . " . . " " " ) " " " : . " ( . : ) Homer Dixon (	"	Westphalia " * * * * : : Huntington : : : * Muller * " * : * : : * * : * . : * . " * : . : : : * * : * : * : : " " . 81 " * : " 85 . . 89 :
				Zbignieu Brezinski Source : Thierry Balzac, op.cit, p43. " ." . 92	.	"	"
	. 90 Michael Emerson and others, "	:	:		"	" http://www.geocities.com/adelzeggagh/recom1.html " 87 " 88 ، ‫زآ‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، :
	78 Thierry Balzac,op.cit,p38 79 Barry Buzan, op.cit.p39 53 -، 2004 ‫،ص‬ 24 252 ‫،ص‬ 1986 52 ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫دار‬ ، " : ": 2002 ، 253 .	‫وت‬	‫ا‬	،	‫ة‬ ‫ه‬ ‫،،ا‬ ، 2004 ‫ا‬ ‫دة‬ ‫أم‬ " " : 2003 163 ، ‫ا‬ ‫دار‬ ‫ا‬ . 33	: .	80 81 82 83 84 ‫ز‬ http://www.geocities.com/lints,html 421 . ‫ل،‬ ‫ر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ، ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 11 ‫ت،‬ ‫اه‬ ‫إ‬ " 85 * 67 68 86 " 89 * " " 11 2001

Islamist radicalisation the challenge for Euro-Mediterranean relations,Brussels,center for european policy studies,2009.

  
	.										:
							"			"
			"	"	" "...		.				"	"	"	"	"... "
							"	"		
					"	"			"		"
						94	:				"	"	"	"	"	"	"	"
						"	"				.	*
					":	.				93	. "	"	* *
					.					
							."			
	.									
			95	.						
	94 Edward A.Kolodziej,op.cit.p265.							
								.	26	25	-	91
	18 .	17	2010 .					31	30	-	92 93

95Anthony D.Lott,"Creating 
insecurity:Realist,constructivism,and US security policy",Ashgate publishing

  
					*
			"	"
		"	"	96
					.
					*
				"	"	"	"
				:
	"	"		
					"	"
					"	"	"	"
				:
	company ,2004.p56-57. 96 Hélène Viau ,"	

la Theorie critique et le concept de sécurité en relations internationales" , note

  
													Wendt
													97	."	"
													101	."
			98	.							"		"	"	"
						102	.					
		"	"									
				.							
													103	.
												99 "	.	"	"	"
													"	"
								.				
	100	.	"		"	"		"					Iintersubjectivity .
			:	‫ا‬ ،	‫ن،‬ 11 / 09 / 2005	‫ا‬	" ‫ار‬ ‫،ا‬	‫م‬	‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ل‬	‫ا‬ ‫زق‬ ،	‫ا‬	‫إ‬	‫اط،‬ ‫ا‬ "	97
	2007 ... 102 Karacasulu Nilufer and Uzgoren Elif,". ‫ص‬ 9 -10 "	14 ‫،ر‬	‫د‬ ‫،ا‬	:	‫ا‬ ‫م‬		‫ا‬	" ، ‫ا‬	‫ا‬ 236 .	‫،ص‬ "	http://www.rezgar.com 98 ‫ي،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫س‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ر‬ " ‫ا‬ 101 ‫ت،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬ 99
													.	9	2009	/	de recherches
	CEPES université du Québec a Montréal N° 8 Janvier 1999, http://www.er.upma/nobel/cepes/note8htm

Explaining social costructivist contributions on security studies",in:

  
	"	"										
													106 . 108	."	"
													.	"	"
		"										
													"
	.											
		"									"	"	"	"	104 "	. "	"	"
		"										
			"	"							109	
										"	107	.	"	"
							"		" . "		"		"
			"		"		" "				
		"	"	"" "	"	"	" .	105	."	"	"		"	"
								"	"			
													"	"
											"		"
	108 Ken Booth, "Introduction:							
	104 Karin M Fierk and Knud Erik Jorgensen,op.cit,p235. ‫ون‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫د‬ 107 ، 2002 . ‫ص‬ 77 -78 .	" ،		‫ر‬ ‫و‬	‫وا‬	‫و‬ ‫ا‬	"	،	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	106
	http://wwww.sam.gov.tr/perceptions/volume%20xii/explaining social.pdf 105 Edward A.Kolodziej,op.cit.p273. 396 ‫ص‬ 107 Anthony D.Lott,op.cit.p64-65.	،	،	،	‫ن‬	103

the Interregnum: world politics in transition", paper

  presented at: New Thinking about Strategy and International security.P8. 


	2001 "	11 140 1999 "	"	: 27	":	: : :	129	*
	109 Wendt * * " : * 111 ‫ن‬ Wendt Wendt . 110 " " . ، " . 113 " " " " " " . 112 ، ‫ت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬ 114 ‫ن‬ ، : . 115 " " " " . 116 " " ."...... ." ، " " ‫،ص‬ 1992 18 ، ‫ص‬ 397 19 " . . " " 252 -253 . ، ، ‫ص‬ 398 -399 ." . 112 " " "... "... . " " 117 " " " " " " " 116 ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫وا‬ ‫،أورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " " ، ‫ز‬ ‫وا‬ 2005 . ‫ص‬ 33 -34 . . 118 " " " " " . * 119 " " " " " " " . 120 .... . 121 ‫م،‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫أ‬ ‫آ‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬ ، ، ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،آ‬ 2008 . ‫ص‬ 41 . . " " Gorbatchev . 122 " " . Mutual Constitution * : . 124 * : 125 " " : 125 ‫،ص‬ ‫ت،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أ‬ 179 . " " 127 ‫ن‬ ، ، ، ‫ص‬ 99 3 . " " " . 11 / " " " " " 11 " . " " / " 114 " ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ " " " " "... " " " " 11 " ‫،ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ا‬ " " " "... " " " " ‫ل‬ " ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " " " " " " " " ‫ا‬ " " " " . 123 " ." 126 2001 " " " 09 : 130 * " " . * : 1 . 2 . 3 11 / 09 11 " . 145 11 " : . " / 09 Westphalia : 111 Self-help " " . " " " " ‫وا‬ " ‫ا‬ " ، ، " " . " 127 11 / 09 / 2001 " 153 . 2001 142 . 11 2001 " " : Samuel Huntington . 137 , " " ".... * " ." 11 / 09 / 2001 : 132 * : 11 / 09 " " " " " " " " " 11 / 09 . 143 . : : . 148 11 / 09 ) (notre mer . 151 . . : " " " 11 2001 . 138 " " " " " " . 141 * : 60 . 144 11 / 09 " " " " " " / " . " " " " " 2009 / 2011 146 . 147 " " : . " " , , 149 : . ." ... " " / : 51 . 4 % . 09 " " : 1648 11 / 09 : 131 * . * " " . 133 . 136 " " . " 1368 " 11 2001 20 % 86 % 20 % . 2007 " " 1 / 3 " " 10 " " " " " " " " " " ." ) 17 ( 152 " " . 154 : . " " . " 11 / 09 / 2001 " , " Westphalia " 11 / 09 / 2001 . 128 11 / 09 128 ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ، ‫أ‬ ، ‫ص‬ 11 . * " 129 ‫رة‬ ، " ‫ت‬ ‫إ‬ ‫اث‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ " ، 131 " ‫ات‬ ‫اث‬ ‫أ‬ 11 2001 " ، ‫ا‬ : net ://www.Saqrcenter. http . 30F78A7A88CF.htm -A435 -47F4 -80AA -http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/61DBF1BD 133 2001 2002 . 35 36 . 134 ، ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ، 259 ، 2000 ‫،ص‬ 41 -42 135 : 2003 165 167 136 -2002 35 36 . 137 * ‫د‬ ‫د‬ ، " ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ذج‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫و‬ ‫ذج‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ا‬ : 140 Vincent Poulio,op.cit 141 16 17 . ‫ت‬ ‫آ‬ ‫م‬ . : : 2004 36 . ‫ت‬ ‫آ‬ ‫م‬ . 146 " : www.dascsyria.com/indexa.htm 147 ، ‫آ‬ ‫آ‬ " ‫ا‬ : ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، : ‫آ‬ ‫ث،‬ ‫ن،‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ : ‫ب‬ ‫ره‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ، ‫آ‬ ‫رات‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫را‬ ‫ث‬ ‫وا‬ ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ 2005 ، ‫ص‬ 208 148 . . : 2006 . 66 : " 2008 . 69 . . 149 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ن‬ 335 152 " : " " . ، ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫درا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫وت،‬ ‫م،‬ ‫إ‬ ‫د‬ 1997 ‫،ص‬ 575 . http:// ‫ري،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ : ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، 151 " : 132 ‫ت،‬ ‫آ‬ ‫م‬ " ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اث‬ ‫أ‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : by exchange 145 .... 2003 170 . . ."... 134 " " " " Change . 139 1 % 358 2.5 50 % 20 % 85 % 80 % . . * : " " " " " " . * : , " " . 150 " " " 155

110Alexander Wendt , "Anarchy is what state make of it , the social construction of power politics" , international organization, Vol 46, 1992 , PP 381.113AlxanderWendt.op.cit.p391-425. 115 n Jaques Roches.opcitP 105 117 Anthony D.Lott,op.cit.p58-59.121EdwardA.Kolodziej ,op.cit.p270-271.Karin M Fierk and Knud Erik Jorgensen, ,op.cit,39-40.Anthony D.Lott,op.cit.p.42-44. 122 u Oga,op.cit.*123 . . 124 cent Poulio,op.cit.pp.8-9. 126 ard A.Kolodziej, op.cit.p.170.http://www.albayan.co.ae/albayan/seyase/2002/issue591/textstwo/4.htm130-‫ا‬.*http://www.islamonline.net/Arabic/politics/2002/09/article19.shtml138‫ت،‬‫آ‬ ‫م‬ .139. 150 M.Tayfur, "security and cooperation in the Mediterranean perceptions", journal of international affairs, vol.5.N°3.P126.153 Roberto Aliboni, "European union 
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  New York, Strategic Studies Institute, 1999.p127. 


														.	* * *
				.									
								164	.				.
														.	.	:	*
														:	* *
														161	.	"	. "....	* "
	"			"		156	."						"	"	*
		‫وآ‬ ،	‫ا‬			‫ا‬				‫و‬		‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ول‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أت‬ ، ‫و‬ ‫ا‬	‫ا‬	‫ت‬	‫ا‬ ‫ه‬
				‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ‫أ‬	‫ة،‬		‫م‬			‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ول‬	‫أ‬ ،	‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫دول‬	‫ا‬
			‫و‬ ... ،	‫و‬	‫و‬ ‫د‬	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ،	‫رة‬		‫و‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ‫أ‬	‫أ‬	،	‫دو‬ ‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫رات‬ ‫ا‬
	‫ب‬ ‫ت‬ (	‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬	، ‫ا‬ ‫،ا‬ ‫ود‬	‫وه‬ ‫ت‬ ) ‫ا‬		‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫دول‬ ‫ب‬	‫ب‬	‫ى‬	‫ا‬ ‫دول‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أ‬ 162 ‫دت‬ ، .	‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫رات‬ ‫ل‬ ‫إ‬ ‫و‬ .	‫وا‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ي‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ي‬ ‫أت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬	‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫أ‬
	‫ة‬ 157	.	‫اء‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫از‬ ".	‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ري‬	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬	‫و‬	،	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫دول‬	‫ا‬	‫وأ‬ ، ‫ت‬ Proactive ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ " "	‫ز‬	*
														*
						"					"			163
														159	.
											.		"	"	*
							"	"				
														158	:
	160	.											.
														.	70	156
	158 Roberto Aliboni,op.cit.p128.131. 2006 ، ‫،ص‬ 123 .	‫ردة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة،دار‬ ‫ه‬ ‫،ا‬	‫ب‬ ‫ا‬	،	، ‫ص،‬ 131 ‫،ص‬ 337 . ‫،ص‬ 337 -338 . . ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫ض‬	، ‫زآ‬ ، ، ‫ش،‬	‫ن‬ ‫ن‬	154 155 157 163

161 A European Security Concept for the 21st Century, op.cit,p10-11-12-14. 162 Alessandro Polit ,op.cit.p37-38. * : . 165 : 164 A 
European Security Concept for the 21st Century,op.cit,p15-16.

  
							"				"		:	:	"	*
				166 184	.	.			.	"	"	"	"	" 09 / ".... 2001 " . .	11 /
	" NATO " " " .... " " " " . " : " " ".. : 193 " .	" "	" " " " ". 80% " " . . 180 ... ":	168 " . " " 60% " .. ": : .	169 . 179 " . 172 " " " / .... 190 " ." " " 11 09 ... " ": 182 . : . . . " "	. : 167 170 175 :" 191 . 185 186 178 " " " . .	: 171 .... " 80 % " " " " ." " " " " 11 . : / 09 2001 " 189 / : 192 . : : .	" " " : "	"	." " " . " 2000 " 176 ."	"	* * * * * * 2 * *
	" " Dominos Effects " 173 174 11 ." / 09 170 Ali bin Faiz Al-Jahni ,"terrorism:concept and reality", Riyadh, studies and researches center, 2002.p10. . " " : " " " " ‫ش،‬ ‫ح‬ 2006 . 20 " : " : . . : 177 181 . ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 118 . " . ": ": " " " Sarkozy " ." 183 . ": " " 187 " " ." : . 188 : ". : . 194	" 179 * 178 1 ‫أ‬ "
	194 "The	.	233 ‫و‬ ‫ا‬	161 : ، 2003 ‫،ص‬ 1999 2005 . 14 . ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬ . " ، ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬ 232	165 http://www.alriyadh.com/2003/06/27/article20810.html " " : * " :" 169 ‫،ص،‬ ، ‫ن‬ 334 . ‫،ص‬ ‫ش،‬ 10 . ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ن‬ 338 . 175 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫د‬ 73 . 176 ‫ل،‬ ‫،ص‬ 156 . 177 117 . http://www.islamonline.net 180 " " 189 ‫ء‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ، " ‫ات‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : 181 " " : http://haras.naseej.com/Detail.asp?InNewsItemID=128704 182 9645.html -http://www.swmsa.com/forum/archive/index.php/t 183 71 ‫ل‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ق‬ ‫وا‬ ‫وا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،آ‬ ، 193 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 229 . . 184 ‫ض،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ث،‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ض،‬ ‫،ا‬ 2004 ‫،ص‬ 119 . 188 ‫ص،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫دات‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ا‬ http://doc.abhatoo.net.ma/IMG/doc/afkar7.5.doc 190 ، " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫رة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ة،‬ ‫ه‬ ‫،ا‬ 191 ‫ر،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ه‬ ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ 192 ‫د،‬ ‫،ص‬ 228 .

173Dirk Jacobs and Robert Maier, "European Identity :construct, fact and fiction", this paper has been published in:Gastlaars, M & de Juiter; A(eds),United Europe, the quest for a multifaceted identity,Mastricht:Shaker,p13. identity,Mastricht:Shaker,PP13,34. 185 Rapport de la commission des affaires économiques et du développement (conseil de l'Europe -assemblée parlementaire). N-9018du 06.04.2001. 
European Union´s definition of threats after 9/11": a

  look at three relevant foreign policy documents ,in: http://www.allacademic.com/one/www/research/index.php?cmd 


		195	.
		196	.
	197	.
	195 A	

European Security Concept for the 21st Century, op

  .cit,p10-11-12. 


										.			:
			200	. ) 1 ( .		4 (	)			
								-	Eurofor (	)	«	»
										"			Euromarfor "(	)	«	»
			Eurocorps (	) "		"			.	Eurofors (	) "	"
	29	:											50000 (	)
													201	1995 .
		02						"					"	.
	1947			04			DunKerque	"	" 1997	02
		202	.										50
								1949		4
	1950			20							"	1998	"	"	"
					203	.		1961			Fouchet	"	"	198
			11			-						"	"	-	.
	"			" 2003						
		-											1970	DAVIGNON
		"						1982	27	199	-
										"			"	1985	"
		" 2001						"		1992	07	200
	201 Laure Nicotal, "La							"	.	"
	.	89	(	2000	)	142				"	…	.	‫،ص‬ 155	‫ل،‬ "	197 199

196Azouz Kerdoun, op .cit,p326.198 Joëlle Le Morzellec, "Défense européenne". p . 06 . . http://www.cremoc.org.larticles/defence-euro2001-pdf 
politique européenne de sécurité et de défense

  " .http://doc-iep.univ-lyon2.fr/Ressources/Documents/Etudiants/Memoires/MFE2002/nicotal/these.html 202 lle Le Morzllec, op.cit, p.08203Bechat, J, Paul ," L'Europe de la défense ", défense national, n :6,(juin 2000), p.15 


	2007	7			
		204	.		
			.		
	1976 .			1973 .
	,		(	,	)
	1978 .		,	(	,	)

205.204 Anonyme, "La politique 
européenne de sécurité et de défense (PESD) :

  
	)														:	*
	209	.			2003				6			5
		5	+	5	1995								2004 " .	12 /	21 /	206	.	"
															:
									"		"				5 :	+	5 212	:	*
									"						.
	"				" 2007		: 210	2008	207	.	.	1983 1988 30 12 (... 02 / 14 26 / / / 2010	25 . 13	.	5	+	5	)
												.	
							211	.							1989	05	27 /	24	1995
			(								1990 : 213	10 /	10 /	)
	. 2005 .	. / 11 + 5 01 /	5			"	:		" 1991	10 /	27 /	26	5	... 5 + 2004 5 . 208 5 +	1
									"	"	2001 (		1991	)	.	:	2
	2001			26 :	25							:	" ‫ا‬ ،	‫إ‬ ‫ر‬	‫ي‬	‫د‬	5 + 5	‫ار‬	"	، ‫ز‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	209 3
											.	206 dec2003/rezgui.html ، ‫ن‬ -http://www.afkaronline.org/arabic/archives/nov 337 -338 . ....
	210 ibid												
	http://www.larevueparlementaire.fr/pages/RP884/RP884_AN_defense_europeenne.htm ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ه‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : 268 -270 .	،	:	+ 5	5	‫ى‬	، " ،	‫اوي‬ ‫ا‬	211 212 ‫ا‬
															‫،ص‬ http://www.albargh.net/news 78 .	205 world/455.html ‫ش،‬ -

213Mendo , Castro henriques and Mohamed khachani , "Security 
and Migrations in the Mediterranean : playing with Fire",

  Amsterdam : IOS press , 2006. P38. /www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/53CD62AA 215 215 Mendo , Castro henriques and Mohamed khachani,Op.cit.p42. 


	. 217 Ibid. P347.	" 2001 ، 2002 ‫،ص‬ : 214 . 346	4 5 * 214 .htm -Frontex . • • . " B4B7 -4CE3 -' 2004 http:/" 15 / 10 / 2008 " Nicolas Sarkozy . : 2012 . 1992 : 215 : 1999 15 16 / . 04 " " " : DDFD -" : 216 1995 . . . . . . 11 / 09 / 2005 . : 217 . . . 216 ، ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اآ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وت،‬ ،

Après la conférence de Budapest :L'Organisation pour la Sécurité et la Coopération en Europe(OSCE),dans

  : http://www.institut.drp.org/contributions/ ghebali_osce.pdf 


	...	227 "	"	.	"	:	239 "	:	"	:	:	: : :	235	*
	‫ن‬ ، " / 07 ( / http://www.aljazeera.net/News/archive/archive?ArchiveId=1086080 ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫د‬ ‫درة‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫اف،و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ا‬ 225 ‫م،‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫ص‬ 41 . : 226 ) ( . ) " (" . . " " " 226 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 42 -43 . . . * : / 2007 13 14 2008 . 19 : . 227 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 43 . 228 " ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : 1995 . . " 16 . 229 . " Sarkozy " " " . 230 : • . • : : . 229 " ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وع‬ ‫ن‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : http://etudiantdz.net/vb/t21506.html 230 ، " ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ، . 231 : ... . . 231 " " : 9C0C26665EC1.htm -9A79 -4C30 -9BB9 -http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/CCC80E78 ، 4 ‫ا‬ 2010 " ) " . 228 . " " Sarkozy ‫د،‬ ‫،ا‬ ‫ا‬ 1 ‫رس‬ ، 2008 : ‫،ص‬ 8 232 " " " " . 233 234 " " " " " " 232 ‫زآ‬ 128 . 234 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ن‬ 335 . . . . 236 " " " " ". 237 . 238 235 " " : http://haras.naseej.com/Detail.asp?InNewsItemID=128704 236 ‫،ص‬ ‫ون،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 7 . 237 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 8 . * . * : . . . 239 ‫،ص‬ ‫ون،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 9 . " 240 241 " " " * : 1919 " . . " 17 / 03 / 1948 NATO 1949 240 ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫ص‬ ، 42 . 241 ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫،أورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ." " :" 20 ." . . ‫ا‬ ‫،ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ا‬ ، ‫ز‬ ‫وا‬ 2005 . ‫ص‬ 161 . 242 : 243 1954 " " 23 / 03 / 1954 244 1948 . . " " . * : 242 ‫ا‬ ، ‫ا‬ " ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اق‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : 011.htm -dam.org/plitic/16/fkr16 -http://www.awu 243 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ي‬ ‫إ‬ 385 . 244 Historique de l'UEO, dans : http://www.wch.hst/historique.htm 05 / 08 / 1975 245 : 246 1 . 2 . 3 ... . 247 Gorbatchev . 248 245 Phil Williams, "superpowers detente: A reappraisal",1 st edition.sage publications,London,1988,p91. 246 " " : http://www.alriyadh.com/2010/12/17/article586042.html 247 Victor -Yves Ghebali," 248 ‫ن،‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اه‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ، : http://www.alriyadh.com/2003/06/27/article20810.html . " " . : . : . :: : . " ) ( ." 249 . : * : 250 : * : 249 ‫ن‬ ‫،ص‬ ، 343 -344 . 250 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 344 -345 . . 251 * : . 252 * : 200 . 253 * : ) ( . 254 * : 251 : 1998 . 229 . 252 ‫ن،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ " ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫در‬ : ‫إ‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫،ا‬ 13 ‫ء‬ ، 2007 ‫،ص‬ 253 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ن‬ 344 . 254 ، ‫ا‬ 245 . . * : . 255 : * : : * . . 255 ‫م،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ول‬ ‫وا‬ : ‫ا‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ز‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ول‬ ‫وا‬ ‫دي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت،‬ ‫را‬ ‫ام‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ة،‬ ‫ه‬ ‫،ا‬ 2007 . ‫ص‬ 103 -104 . 70 % 4 % . 256 * : : . : . " " : 55% 5% 0 . 257 4 / 1 258 " " 256 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 106 -107 . 257 ) ( : topic -http://addoha.ibda3.org/t63 258 ‫ا‬ . " . 259 . * : " .... ". 260 261 " " 262 : * : 259 ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 47 -48 . 260 ‫ن،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫،ا‬ 15 ، 2007 ، 124 . 261 ، ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، 13 2007 147 . 262 ) ( : topic -http://addoha.ibda3.org/t63 . * : 263 Buzan " " " " " ." 264 . * : 265 263 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ن‬ 345 . 265 ، ‫أ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫و‬ " ‫إ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ " ، 13 2007 193 . .... ' ". 266 * : : * : " " " " 267 " " . * : . .. "" " . . 266 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ا‬ 148 . 267 ‫أ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫و‬ 194 . . 268 " " 269 " ... 270 . 268 ، " ‫دول‬ " : ayyam.com/znews/site/template/article.aspx?did=50440&date=3/4/2007 -http://www.al " . . 276 " " " . 290 . . : " Buzan Wolffers . Buzan ": : 271 * . * . 272 " " " " : .... 273 " " ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 17 . 18 . 74 . : * . * : 274 1 " " " " . 2 " ." * 275 . * ": " " " " " 274 : 1999 399 394 . 275 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 395 . * . * " " . 277 * . 278 . " " 04 : * / : 276 : 1991 277 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ 52 -53 . 278 ، ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫آ‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ا‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وأ‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : 280 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 16 -17 . ‫د‬ 85 ، 1994 ‫ص‬ ، 3 . 289 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ا‬ 15 . 292 ‫ى‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫،ص‬ ، 4 . 295 ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ص‬ 29 -30 . ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫،ا‬ 19 ، 2008 ‫،ص‬ 90 -91 . 299 ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 126 -127 . http://www.aljabriabed.net/fikrwanakd/n48_02kamal.htm " " . * / : 279 " " " " . * / : " " " " " " " " 280 279 ‫ا‬ " ، ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ه‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ر‬ " ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫،ا‬ 13 ‫ء‬ ، 2007 ‫،ص‬ 32 . 281 " " " " " " " . 283 " " " " " " " " " " . " * . * " " " " 300 . . " " " / " " " " " " " " " .. " " " " " " " " . 298 " " " " " 293 " 296 301 " " : : " " " " . * / : " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " . 282 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " . " " " " " " " " " " . 284 " " : . 285 " " . " " " : " ." 287 : " " . " " 1 : 302 : ... " 294 . . " ." " 288 : ". 291 John Rugie " " 295 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " : 297 " " " " " " " * " " " : " . * 1996 1995 . : " . " " . * : " " " " " " . " 292 . " 299 " 286 " " " " 303 " " " " " " " 281 " " . . " . 289 2 300 " " : : http://www.maec.gov.ma/arabe/f-com-ar.asp?num=2173&typ=ACT : content/blogs.dir/138681/files/2010/03/fouroum -static.maktoob.com/wp -http://www.blogs 282 : " : " 2008 . 254 . 284 ، ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ‫دة‬ ‫ا‬ .. ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ " ، ، ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ 44 ‫ي‬ ، 2000 ‫،ص‬ 12 301 ( " " 65 . 285 ، ‫د‬ " ‫دة‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ " ‫ا‬ ، : http://www.alajman.ws/vb/showthread.php?t=13629 286 ‫ى‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ، " " ، ‫ث‬ ‫ة،‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫را‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ، 287 287 ‫ا‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 13 -14 . 288 ‫دة،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ : http://www.aldiplo.net/awlamh.htm ‫ون،‬ ‫و‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ‬ ‫وت،‬ ، ، ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫درا‬ 2004 ‫،ص‬ 114 . 291 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 17 . http://www.aldiplo.net/awlamh.htm 294 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ا‬ 268 . 297 ، ‫ا‬ ‫ان‬ " ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ : ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫درا‬ " ، ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ http://www.alsabaah.com/paper.php?source=akbar&mlf=interpage&sid=30421 290 293 ‫دة،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ : 298 " " : " ‫ا‬ : ) 1996 38 . .( 302 Isabel Fereiqnvnes "
					123									

233Erik Holm, "European security", in: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-139521235.html 238 Dirk Jacobs and Robert Maier, "European Identity: Construct fact and fiction", Op.cit.p17. 264 Barry Buzan,People ,states…,Op.cit,p116. 
The transatlantic link and European defense and security identity in the Mediterranean context"

  ,final rapport .NATO. EAPC Individual Fellowship .Ref .IP/ D16/2000/006,JUN 30,2001,pp.35,36. 


	"	"			"	"
		.		
	"			
					"
					304	.
		"	"	
	"			
			305	."
					"
				"	"
	:	"			"	304
				ayyam.
					.	28	27	303

com/znews/site/template/article.aspx?did=50440&date=3/4/2007 - http://www.al

  
							.			308	.
			.	"						"	
									.		
	306	.	309				"				
									"		
	"		"		"		"		307	".	
							.				
												"
					"						
	309 Kaori Nakajima "	:	‫ا‬ ،	"	‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬	"	‫ا‬ ‫ورو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫درات‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ص‬ 38 -39 .	" ،	،	‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬	306 308
							http://www.greenbookresearch.com/ar/ramdan5.php
												. .	‫ا‬ ‫ا‬	305 307

what makes a revisionist state revisionist? the role of international norms in state identity formation

  «paper prepared for presentation at 43 rd Annual studies Association Convention, New Orleans ,23,27March 2000.PP18. Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State University Press, second edition,1997.pp244. 


								:
					"	"	"	"	"	"
	"	"						:	.
								Giddens
								Turrine
								Frydbidge	Cruz
								"
								310	.
			Alexander Wendt	313	"
				"	"			:	."	"
		311	.				
								"	"	.	:
	Theory of	"					"	K.Waltz
	"		"	312	" .			"	Waltz	: international relations " " " " " "
			:		"			:	"	310
								www.fikria.org/mogala/16/1_1/htm

311Michel Barnett, Op.cit., pp254-255. 312 drew Linklater "Neo-realism in theory and practice" ,in: Ken Booth and Steve Smith, International Relations Theory Today,313Hennin Boekle and others,op.cit.pp4. ". 314 . 315 : * . * . * . * . * . * . " 314 *Norman Flohlich and (others),"A cognitive 
model of political and economical choice bearing on underpinnings of prospect theory", in

  :http://www.pubchoicesoc.org/papers2005/Frohlich_Oppenheimer_Saqib.pdf 315 Vincent Pouliot, Op.cit, pp7. 


		"	316	"	Barry Buzan
					"
					317 " . 319	".
		"			
					320	"	/
	"				
						321	"	.
	"					"	"
		318	"			.
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					.
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				.	
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						.	‫،ص‬ 158	،	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	317
	:	"				"	318
		ayyam.com/znews/site/template/article.aspx?did=50440&date=3/4/2007 -http://www.al

319 Barry Buzan, people, states…,Op.cit.,pp190-193.320Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, "Regions and 
powers: the structure of international security", UK

  , Cambridge University Press,2003first edition,pp45-46. 321 Ibid. pp 47. Dirk Jacobs and Robert Maier,op.cit.,pp33. Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, op.cit.,93-94. 329 MICHAEL EMERSON and others, op.cit. 


	.	: :	*
	Wendt 03 ( . . . " " " . . ‫،ص‬ ‫ت،‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬ ) " ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫،ص‬ 255 . ، 26 ." . . " " " 325 326 322 Wendt : 323 * * * / ". 324 : * * * 322 ‫أ‬ 323 George Sorensen, op.cit, p7. 324 * . * " " 325 . " " 326 " : ". 327 ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 7 327 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 8 -9 . 330 Barry Buzan and Ole Waever,Op.cit.,95. 331 Ibid. pp96. 333 " ar.asp?num=2173&typ=ACT -com -http://www.maec.gov.ma/arabe/f ، ‫ة‬ ‫،ص‬ 109 -110 . 334 " : . . " " : . " " 328 : / / / / / . . " " " " 329 Wendt " " : * : " " " Kill or be killed " " " " Live and let live " : . 330 * : : 331 . " " . . . . . " " " " . Oneuf Oneuf : 332 * " ." * " ." * . " " . " " 333 . 332 Maja Zebfuss,op.cit.,p66-67. . : 334 * : . * : . * " .".. : . 11 / 09 / 2001 " " : * . * . . " " " " . : " " ) speech act theory ( ) 1962 ( " " " " ) existential threat ( ) referent objects ( . ) speech ( ) securiting moves ( ) Securitized issues ( . 335 " " " " " " . 0.5 % " " " ) 200 ( 14 % 17 % . 336 : 337 * . * . 328 . . " . 335 Thorsten Gromes , Thorsten Bonaker, «The

concept of securitization as a Tool for Analysing the role of Human, Rights-Related civil society in Ethno-political conflicts», university

  
											of Marburg, conflict studies, March
	2007,p2-3														
										.	-160	‫،ص‬ 159			،	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	336
	.	2001 ‫،ص‬ 11	24 ‫د‬ ، 273	‫وت،‬	،	‫ا‬	" ، ‫ا‬	‫ا‬	‫ا‬	‫ا‬	‫ا‬ ‫ء‬	‫ا‬	‫إ‬	، "	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬	337

Religion and international relations :The multiple impact of religion on international relations: perceptions and realities" ،in

  
	11	.	"	"	. "	"	"	:	.	.	2 * *
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MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES IN THE XXI CENTURY,IN: http

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	406									:	*
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	409 Ariel Cohen,	http://www.alquds.co.uk/index.asp?fname=latest/data/2010 :	09 -	19 -	17 -" : 13 -	46.htm -*
		"	"	"	"					
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	:				...	407 405 http://www.ahewar.org/debat/show.art.asp?aid=154353 ‫،ص‬ ‫رة،‬ ‫ا‬ 311 -312 .

http 
Russia's New Middle Eastern Policy: Back to Bismarck?.

  Jerusalem Issue Brief. Institute for Contemporary Affairs. Vol. 6, No. 25. March 20, 2007 


	:	410
	HT T P:/ / AR AB IC .R T .C O M	/ N E W S_AL L _ IN F O/ 2 9 957

411Nicolai A. Kovalsky, Security 
Considerations in the Mediterranean and the Middle East:A Russian erspective:in

  
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	59D0-4370-87DB-							
	4B7817C38BAE/en/Security+Considerations+in+the+Mediterranean+and+the+ME.pdf.

a promising strategic visionArdogan of Turkey…a new political vision, Project

  ''Enriching Political Public Debate'', PalThink for Strategic Studies In Cooperation with: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. The article appeared in the Palestine-Israel Journal's special issues on "A Quest for Regional Security", Vol. 11 No l, 2004. /sera3.jeeran.com/arab/sohyoon.htm 461 Israel military doctrine, in : http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/israel/doctrine.htm /www.eafra.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59 476 Barry Buzan , op.cit.p.46-47. 


	" 10.000 -			: "	" "	" 3300 "		"	2008 "		.	"		"	"		: : : :	•	* " *	*
	"	"	" 467 416 " 477	:	/ .	"	/	.	460	, " .	/	.	/	"	/	471	"	"	"	"	-•	. "
	413 414 416 24222CCE0EB8.htm ‫رة،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫د‬ ، ‫وآ‬ ‫رو‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أز‬ ‫،ص‬ 252 -255 . ‫ن،‬ ‫د‬ ‫زي‬ ‫رو‬ ... ‫دو‬ ‫أم‬ ‫دو‬ -8C60 -49E4 -0D1C -417 ‫ا‬ . 429 َ ‫وا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ون‬ 28 . 430 ‫،ص‬ ‫ا‬ 29 . 436 ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ، . 443 ، ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫وا‬ ‫آ‬ .. ‫ا‬ ‫إ‬ http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/7A39F8A0 ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ، : 415 Russian Federation, in : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia#Religion ‫؟‬ ‫ا‬ ، : 431 Eugenio Bregolat Obiols,op.cit. ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ، : 99FEB14D1501.htm -8766 -4FBA -7147 -http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/E9B392C5 444 ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ، ‫ص‬ ، 265 . 445 ‫ا‬ . 266 . 454 ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ق‬ ، ‫ا‬ : D920F749C09A.htm -8699 -4829 -C784 -http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/65D003A2 457 ، ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫،ص‬ 266 . 462 ‫و‬ ‫رو‬ ‫ف‬ ، " ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّق‬ ‫ا‬ " ، ، ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬ ‫درا‬ ‫آ‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ 956 ، 957 ‫و‬ 958 ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ون‬ ‫دي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ (JINSA) ‫أ‬ ، ، 2010 . 463 33 34 . 464 * 17 . 466 , M L 20 09/ 10/ 07 / 1 76 2 73. H T N VO IC E .C OM / A R T IC L ES/ 470 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 32 -32 . 472 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫د‬ 71 -72 . 473 ، ‫ا‬ 72 -75 . Ibid. HT T P:/ / PUL PI T .AL WA TA Ibid. : S.C OM / EC HOR O UK / 2 821 1 HT T P:/ / W W W . D JAZ A IR ES http://www.ru4arab.ru/cp/eng.php?id=20050109132451&art=20050218232128 " " . " ". 417 " " . . . 1949 : : 1956 12 10 2000 2005 / 55 26.7 28.8 . 427 2007 / 2008 : . " " " . " " . . . . 429 " " " ". 430 " " . " " . . " " . " " " " 431 . . * : " " " " . * . 435 ) 03 ( 11 / 09 / 2001 : 436 * . * 10 15 . . : 2001 2008 : * * 2001 -2008 300 750 6,8 .% * . * . * . * 16 . * . * , , . 30 130 180 . : : : : . : . * . * " " . " * ." 443 * . * . : 444 * . * . * : * --. * ---" ." * : 445 * . * " ." * . * . * . * " " . * . 11 / 09 / 2001 " " " " " " : : 450 * . * . * . : * . * . * . : 451 : 450 ، ، ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ : arab.com/vb/showthread.php?s=1800bb2e24255107004f5742d786d695&t=28243 -http://defense . " 452 " " " " " " : 453 * 5,7 . * 27,9 / 2 . * " " . * . * . * " " " " " " " " . * . : 454 • . • . • . 452 Ibid. 453 ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ، //www.moqatel.com/openshare/Behoth/Askria6/AmanIsrael/sec01.doc_cvt.htm http: 471 ، ‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ام‬ ‫إ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ، ‫ا‬ : : . " " . " " : 455 : " " . : " " . " . : " " " , . 456 : 457 -2001 . -" " " " " " . -" " . . . " " . 461 " " . " " " " " ...... . . 465 " 1 _ " " " . " " * . . 479 ." 2 _ " ." " " " " " " " _ ."... 473 * . " " " " . " " * " " " " " : " " " 470 472 " . . " " " " * . . "* " " 463 " " " " " " " " " " " " . 464 " " " " 474 " " " " 480 . . " " " . " " " . " " " " " " " " . 475 ". . : 462 * . * . " wendt " . " " " " " " " " " " 11 / 09 / 2001 " " ..... " " . " " . " " . 466 465 ‫،ص‬ ، ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ 34 -35 . " 468 " " " " " " " 11 / 09 / 2001 : " / " " " " " " " 10 " " 469 467 ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫د‬ ، ‫،ص‬ 71 " " " . " " * " " " " : . . " . * " " " " " " " . * " " . . * . " " " " " " " " 481 . " " " " 476 . " " " " . " " " "

435Ahmed Yousif ,Thinking in455Shmuel Bar, Regional Security -an Israeli Perspective,456ibid. 460 : http:/475 : http:/479 Yahia.H.Zoubir ,Algerian-Moroccan relations 
and their impact on the Maghrebi Integration,The Journal

  of Modern African Studies,London,vol.5,n°3,autumn2000,pp47-48. 


												"	"	*
								482	:		1960	483	"	"	"
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					.							"	487	.	"	"	"	"	"
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										"		.	"
												.	83	158	‫،ص‬	‫ا‬	480 486
												.	85	84	482

487.Richard Youngs,European Approaches 
to Security in The Mediterranean,

  Middle East Journal, vol.57,n°3,2003,p417. 


	(	NATO	+	1	)							*	-
	.							"		"					"	"	.
															.	.	(	NATO "	+ "	7	)	*	-
	"				.	"							502	.	-
										"					"	.
			.	"									"	*
	.	496	.					.	"	" .	"	"		"	"	:	"	" "	---
															1997
		"						"							503	. "
	"							"	504	".					"	"	NATO " : "	+	7 .	NATO . 492	+	1	"	-
										2001	/	09	/	11
								505						"	"
															493	.
															.
															‫،ص‬ 182	،	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬
	504 Barry Buzan , op.cit ,p.48.							.	‫ا‬	492
															.	. -176	‫،ص‬ 170 ‫،ص‬ 175	.	، ، 229 ‫،ص‬	‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬	493 496

-Audie Klotz et Cecelia Lynch, op,cit. 

Maja Zebfuss, op.cit.p48. 

Martin Griffiths and others, op.cit.p 236.237 

Kaori Nakajima,"What makes a revisionist state revisionist? the role of international norms in state identity formation", paper prepared for presented at 43 rd annual international studies association convention, New Orleans,23.27 March,2000. 

Karacasulu Nilufer and Uzgoren Elif,"Explaining social constructivist contributions on security studies",in: http://wwww.sam.gov.tr/perceptions/volume%20xii/explaining social.pdf 

Michel Barnett "Social constructivism",in Jhon Bayliss and Steve Smith "The globalization of world politics" Oxford, Oxford university Press ,third edition,p259 . 

George Sorensen, op.cit.p253. 

Kaori Nakajima, "What makes a revisionist state revisionist? the role of international norms in state identity formation" Journal of international relations,Volume7,N°04,2004 

Maceleod Alex, "Just defending national interest ,identity formation", Journal of international relations,Volume7,N°04,2004 

Hennin Boekle and others, "Norms and foreign policy: Constructivist foreign policy" Tubingen, Germany, working paper ,N°34a.p3 

Scott Burchill and others, "Theories of International Relations",in : http://www.scribd.com/doc/37121283/43/The-contribution-of-constructivism 

Macleod Alex,op.cit.p165. 

"A European Security Concept for the 21st Century", EGMONT paper, Royal institute for international relations (IRRI-KIIB)Brussels Academica, PRESS, April 2004,p09-10. 

Mohammad El-Sayed Selim."Arab Perceptions of the European Union's Euro-Mediterranean Projects,in Mediterranean security into the coming", New York, Strategic Studies Institute,1999.p145. 

Stephen E. Sachs, "The Changing Definition of Security", International Relations Merton College, Oxford Week 5, Michaelmas Term 2003,p3. 

A European Security Concept for the 21st Century,op.cit,p07-08. 

Mario Zucconi, "NATO in the Mediterranean, in "Mediterranean security into the coming", New York, Strategic Studies Institute,1999.p113-114. 

Azzouz Kerdoun.," Enjeux de l'environnement et défis sécuritaires en Mediterranée ",Communication présentée au colloque international sur la mondialisation et sécurité organisé par le conseil de la nation, Alger, Mai 2002, p325. 

"The European Union´s definition of threats after 9/11": a look at three relevant foreign policy documents ,in: http://www.allacademic.com/one/www/research/index.php?cmd 

Ahmed A. OUNAIES, "Sécurité et partenariat en Méditerranée " , Etudes Internationales, no 79,2001,p15. 

"Initiative 5+5 sur la sécurité en Méditerranée occidental « 5+5 défense »" , dans : http://www.defense.gouv.fr/europe_de_la_defense/partenariats/initiatives_5_5_defense/initiatives_5_5_defense 

" Europe Neighborhood policy" ,in http://www.enpi-info.eu/main.php?id=344&id_type=2 

" Europe Neighborhood policy" ,in: http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/policy_en.htm 

Jeffrey Haynes: "Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World", London: foreign Policy, 2005, pp.3. 

Ibid. P4 

Barry Buzan,People,states…,Op.cit.,pp270-273,294-295. 

Barry Buzan,People,states…,Op.cit., 

Roderick Pace ,"SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE UNION'S MEDITERRANEAN POLICIES, European Documentation & Research Centre, University of Malta,2009,p4. 

-03 -2009 -http://www.djazairnews.info/etudiants/47 

Francis Botchway, China-Africa Economic Relations: New Ideas In Old Paradigms?, University of Central Lancashire,in: http://www.uclan.ac.uk/schools/languages_and_international/china_africa_economics_lecture.php 

Omar Serrano, The EU, Its Member States and Turkey: A Close Interdependent Relation, "Whatever happened to North-South?" IPSA-ECPR Joint Conference, hosted by the Brazilian Political Science Association of the University of Sao Paulo, 16.-19th February 2009. 

Eugene Kogan, Turkish-American Strategic Partnership versus Turkish-Russian Partnership without Strategy,in www.iilp.at/index.php?download=150.pdf 

S EC UR IT Y D EF IN E AN D ISR AEL S EC UR IT Y ,IN : HT T P:/ / W W W . S KO R N I K-S EC UR IT Y .C OM / ISR A EL SEC UR I T Y. H TM L 

ANTONIO MARQUINA,Conflict prevention in the framwork of the Euro-Mediterranean partnership:A european point of view, Journal of international relations, June -August 1999 Volume IV -Number 2 

Yahia.H.Zoubir,op.cit.pp.49-52. 

Huner Tuncer, "THE CYPRUS ISSUE: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS", in : www.sam.gov.tr/perceptions/Volume7/.../Perception_HunerTuncer.pdf 

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