Managing difficult behaviour in horses

Keywords: equine, Behaviour, injury

 18; Instead slide the syringe down the side of the horse's cheek. When you get to the lips angle it forwards and press the syringe down onto the lower lip, you can rotate your hand round so that the syringe points backwards and it will naturally slide back to sit on the tongue. Note in this scenario the horse has not lifted its head; if it were to, however, you would have a good change of keeping the syringe in contact with the lips. You could then remove the syringe once the head was still (reinforcing the behaviour of head still rather than throwing the head back) and start to slide down again from the cheek. Releasing the pressure on the lead rope when the horse steps forward if it was refusing to walk into an exam room c. Removal of feed from a horse that is pawing to discourage the behaviour d. Clicker training the horse to tolerate injections 4) What is the most likely explanation for a horse kicking out when you go to lift a limb a. The horse perceives you touching the leg to be aversive and kicking out has been negatively reinforced as it removes contact with your hand. b. The horse is naughty, he is obviously trying it on as he is fine with the farrier c. The horse has never been taught good manners and pushes his owner around so he simply does not know any better. d. The horse does not respect you, he is obviously trying to be dominant and so requires firm but fair handling. 
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Figure 1 :Figure 2 :

 12 Figure 1: Different species have differing levels of cognitive ability. Whilst horses are able to learn through basic learning processes they do not possess the higher cognitive abilities required for abstract thought processes, planning or problem solving. 


Figure 3 :Figure 4 :Figure 5 :

 345 Figure 3: Here a 'lickit' is being used to help minimise anxiety and prevent arousal levels elevating whilst the nurse prepares the stifle for diagnostic intra-articular local anaesthesia. Note some evidence of elevated arousal is already evident from eye tension creating a furrow above the upper eye. 


Figure 6 :Figure 7 ;

 67 Figure 6: Don't walk straight up the horse and place your cold stethascope onto the axilla. 61x48mm (220 x 220 DPI) 


Figure 8 :

 8 Figure 8: Don't make your first contact with the horse be placing your stethoscope on the sensitive flank area. If the horse jumps you may get kicked 98x67mm (220 x 220 DPI) 


Figures 9 &10;

 9 Figures 9 &10; Instead start by placing your right hand on the neck and scratching. Then stroke using the back of your left hand before turning it over to place the stethoscope. Note also the safer positioning if the horse did kick out. 75x50mm (220 x 220 DPI) 


Figure 11 :

 11 Figure 11: Don't go from no contact to trying to grasp the upper lip, as well as potentially startling the horse if they throw their head back this behaviour will very quickly become reinforced. 99x106mm (220 x 220 DPI) 


Figure 19 ;

 19 Figure 19; Grasping the tail and trying to insert the thermometer like this can be aversive and if the horse kicks you are stood in a precarious position 110x73mm (220 x 220 DPI) 


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14; Instead start by stroking your hand down the cheek, the thumb can then by slid under the upper lip and lift it to assess the mucous membranes. If the horse does lift their head you are more likely to keep your hand in contact, thus not reinforcing the head lift.

  Figure15; Again if the first thing the horse feels of the syringe is contact with the lips in an upwards direction they will not only find this aversive but if they throw their head back it will be impossible to keep the syringe in contact with the lips -negatively reinforcing the unwanted behaviour 


	Page 13 of 36 Page 15 of 36 Page 17 of 36	In Practice In Practice In Practice In Practice In Practice In Practice In Practice		Page 14 of 36 Page 16 of 36
	C o C o C o C o C o C o C o		
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	i i i i i i i		
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	i a i a i a i a i a i a i a		
	l : l : l : l : l : l : l :	
	F o r F o r F o r F o r F o r F o r F o r	
	Figures 16-	R e R e R e R e R e R e e R	
	v i e w v i e w 48x58mm (220 x 220 DPI) v i e w v v v v i e i e 53x53mm (220 x 220 DPI) i e i e Figures 12-49x57mm (220 x 220 DPI) w w w 74x75mm (220 x 220 DPI) w	be slid
	89x96mm (220 x 220 DPI)	O n l O n l O n l O n l O O O n l n l n l
				y y y y y y y
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https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/inpract In Practice
Gemma Pearson
Managing difficult behaviour in horses