The explainer of al-Tahawiyah attributed to some Sunnis opposing opinions that do not agree with the beliefs of the Sunnis, and it was found that what he meant was some sects affiliated with the Sunnah, such as Salmiya and Ash'ari. 
The explainer of al-Tahawiyah sees that the difference between Abu Hanifa and the remaining imams of the Sunnis in matters of faith is a formal difference, and this is not accurate, so some of it is formal and some of it is real. 
It is understood from the speech of the explainer of al-Tahawiyah: "There is no dispute among the Sunnis that God wanted the servants to say and do." This is specific to the Sunnis. The explainer of al-Tahawiyah sees that the disagreement between the Sunnis and the Murji'ah of jurists is in naming actions as faith or not. The correct view is that the disagreement lies in whether it removes faith or not. 
Al-Tahawiyah's explainer believes that faith according to the majority of Ahl al-Sunnah remains in its linguistic meaning, but descriptions and conditions have been added to it, and this is not accurate. What is correct for them is that faith was used in a special way, as it did not remain in its linguistic meaning, nor was it transmitted from it. 
The explainer of al-Tahawiyah is of the opinion that the Murji'ah of the jurists take the work of the heart out of faith, and what is correct is otherwise. 
The statement of al-Tahawiyah's explainer: "Then a group became involved in this saying until a man among them became an exception in righteous deeds, saying, I prayed, God willing." An illusion that the exception is in righteous deeds such as prayer, Hajj and other exaggerations, and this is not true. 

" ‫ﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﺸـﺘﻐل‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﺼل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺼل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬ " ) ١٠ ( . ) ١ ( ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺎﺩﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ . ‫ﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ ." ‫ﻗﺎﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ٢ ، ‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ : ‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ،‬ ١٣٩٨ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ، ١١ : ٣٣٦ . ) ٢ ( ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﻁﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻅﺎﻫﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﺘﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ . ‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٤ : ٩٥ ) ٣ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ." ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺎﺅﻭﻁ،‬ ‫ﻭﺸﻌﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ٢ ، ‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺴـﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺴـﺴﺔ‬ ١٤٢٢ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ١ : ٢٥٤ ) ٤ ( ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﻴﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻜﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﻜﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺜﺒﺘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٨ : ٢٨٨ . ) ٥ ( ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻭﻋﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﺜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻓﻘﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻬﺭﺕ‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦ : ٥٥ ، ١٤ : ٣٤٩ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬ " ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻫﺎﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ، ١٤٠٨ ( ٤٩ . ) ٦ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٢ : ٦٥٧ ) ٧ ( ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘـﺯﺍل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺒﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻨﺘﻘل‬ ٣٢٤ ‫ﻩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ." ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺅﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ٢ ‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ، : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ‬ ، ١٤٠٢ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ١٥ : ٨٥ ) ٨ ( ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬ : ‫ﺃﺯﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺼﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬ . ‫ﺍﺒـﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦ : ٥٦ ، ٥٢٤ . ) ٩ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ ." ‫ﺴﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺸﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ‬ ، ١٤٠٦ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٢ : ٣٦٠ ) ١٠ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ١ : ٢٥٥ ، ‫ﻫﺎﻤﺵ‬ ١ ) ٣٨٢٨ (
، ١١ : ١٧٤ . ) ٣ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ " ، ٢ : ٦٣٩ ‫ـ‬ ٦٤٠ ) ٤ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ " . ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻱ،‬ ) ١ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ، ١٤٣٠ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ، ٥٠١ ) ٥ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺒﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻘﻘﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺤﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻁﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻊ‬ ، ١٤٢٦ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٣ : ٥٣٨ ) ٦ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦ : ٤٠ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ٤٨٠ ) ٧ ( ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ " ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٤٧٤ ) ٨ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٥ : ٣٩٧ 
) ٦ ( . ) ١ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٢ : ٥٠٨ . ) ٢ ( ‫ﺍﻵﺠﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﻴﺠﻲ،‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ ، : ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ، ١٤١٨ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٢ : ٦٧٦ ، ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺔ،‬ ‫ﻥ‬ " ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ‬ " ‫ﻤﻌﻁﻲ،‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ١٤٠٩ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٢ : ٨٨٤ ، ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٧ : ٣٩٤ ، ٥٠٧ ، ٦٢١ ) ٣ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻫﺭﺍﻨﻲ،‬ ‫ﻋﺘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻁﻴﺔ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ ، : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ١٤١٠ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٤ : ٥١ ‫ـ‬ ٥٣ ‫ـ‬ ٥٥ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻼﻟﻜﺎﺌﻲ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻫﺒﺔ‬ " ‫ﺸـﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻭل‬ " ، ‫ﺤﻤﺩﺍﻥ،‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬ ، : ‫ﻁﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ، ١٤٠٩ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ٥ : ٩٨٦ . ) ٤ ( ‫ﺍﻵﺠﺭﻱ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ " ، ٢ : ٦٤٤ ، ‫ﺒﻁﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺒﺎﻨﺔ‬ " ، ٢ : ٦٦٩ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ٤٠ ) ٥ ( ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺯﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ، ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ‫ﻤﻜﺔ‬ ، : ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺌﺩ،‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ١٤٣٤ ‫ﻩ‬ ( ١٠٣ ‫ـ‬ ١٠٤ ) ٦ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٢ : ٧٠٤ ، ٧١٢         ) ٣٨٣١ ( ‫ﻭﺇﺨـﺭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺸـﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻗـﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ، ‫ﺒـﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻀـﻼل‬ ، ‫ﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﻭﻟـﻡ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ﺠﻬـﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺒـﻪ‬ ‫ل‬ ) ١ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻲ‬ ) ٢ ( . ) ٣ ( ‫ﺇﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﻴل‬
، ‫ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ) ١ ( ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ " ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻻﺕ‬ " ‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺎﺅﻭﻁ،‬ ‫ﻌﻴﺏ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ٣ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬ ، ( ١ : ١٣٨ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ " ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺼﺭﺓ‬ " ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺴﻼﻤﺔ،‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻭﺩ‬ ) ‫ﻁ‬ ١ ‫ﺩﻤﺸﻕ‬ ، : ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻨﺴﻲ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ‬ ١٩٩٣ ‫ﻡ‬ ( ، ٢ : ٧٩٨ ، ٨٠٩ ، ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٧ : ٣٦٤ ، ١٢ / ٤٧١ ) ٢ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٢ : ٥٠٨ . ) ٣ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٧ : ١٨٩ ) ٤ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٧ : ٣٥٤ ، " ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " ، ٦٧٢ ) ٥ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ١٧ : ١٠٥         ) ٣٨٣٣ ( ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻴﻥ‬

٣٨٢٧ ( ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﻟﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺇﻁﻼﻕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ .

  ‫ﻋﻘﻴـﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﺀﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺌﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ . ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ . ‫ﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻌﻭﺫ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺴﺘﻐﻔﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻠل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻀل‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ‬ . 


	   	 	 	 	 	 	 
	‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻬﻡ‬ : ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻫل‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻜﻪ‬ . ‫ﺘـﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻭﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴـل‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐـﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺴـﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨـﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﺭﺍﺌﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻘﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻗﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﺎ‬ . ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤـل‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻭﺍﺏ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ : " ‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺼـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺘـﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﻏﻠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠل‬ " ‫ﺍﻻﺴـﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻫل‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺠﺠﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺜﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤـل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺩ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺭﺴـﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺒـﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ . ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ : ‫ﺸـﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻅﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴـﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺘﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺜﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺭﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼـﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺄﺨﻭﺫﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻘـﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺴـﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒـﺎﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻬﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺌﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺫﻜـﺭ‬ ‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒـﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺼﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻁـﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻁل‬ . ‫ﹶـﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻭﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺒﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻌﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺒﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ‬ ١ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ٢ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ـ‬ . . ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ـ‬ : . ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻔﺎﺭﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺍﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺎﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺒﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻠﻴﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻏـﻀﺎﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻜﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺼﺤﻴﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻭﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻜﺘـﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻠﺤﻭﻅﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺩﺭﺍﻜﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻭﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻴﺯل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ٣ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻫﻤﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﺜل‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﺭﻗﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻌـﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﻊ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺔ‬ : ‫ﻭﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻁﺎﻟﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﻟﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺇﻁﻼﻕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺘـﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺇﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ‬ . . . . . . ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺘﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺒﻌﻬﺎ‬ : ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺯل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺼﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ) ١ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ) ٢ ( " ) ٣ ( . ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ : " ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺕ‬ ) ٤ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟﺔ‬ ) ٥ ( ‫ﻗﺒـل‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘـﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺒﻠﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ " ) ٦ ( . ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻠﻪ‬ . ‫ﻭﻨﺼﻪ‬ " ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺒﻌﻬﺎ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﺯل‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺼﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ . ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬ ) ٧ ( ‫ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ) ٨ ( ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﻡ‬ " ) ٩ ( . ‫ﺃﺸﻜ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻘـﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻁل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﺕ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴﺎﺀل‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻘﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ :
					( (	) ٣٨٢٥ ) ٣٨٢٦ )	



  ‫ﺒـﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺼﺩﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻜـﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘـﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬ . 


		 						
	‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺹ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ ) ١ ( ‫ﻭﺸـﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸـﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻁﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻅﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺒـﺎﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﻴﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﻜﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤﺎ‬ : " ‫ﻭﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ . " ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺭﻴﺩﺍﻥ‬ ) ٢ ( ، ‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺘﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺔ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻁﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﻭﺯﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ . ‫ﺃﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺒـﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺴـﺎﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺒـﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺒﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﻕ‬ ) ٣ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺭﺍﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸـﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ) ٤ ( ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺼـﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺔ‬ : ‫ـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ـل‬ ‫ﺃﻫـ‬ ، ‫ـﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤـ‬ ‫ـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ـل‬ ‫ﺃﻫـ‬ ‫ـﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻟـ‬ ‫ـﺴﺒﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘـ‬ ، ‫ـﺼﻔﺎﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ، ‫ـل‬ ‫ﺃﻫـ‬ ‫ـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺜﺒـ‬ ) ٥ ( ، ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟـ‬ ‫ـﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻤـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺒﻠـ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬ ‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ـﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗـ‬ ‫ـﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨـ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ـﺼﻭﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺨـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﻀﺔ‬ ) ٦ ( . ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻫـل‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼـﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺄﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺜﺒﺘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻟﻬـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ . ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ : " ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻫل‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ) ١ ( " . ‫ﻭﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ : " ‫ﻓﻌـل‬ ‫ﺼـﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺯﻋﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻔـﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻫـل‬ ‫ﻤﻌـﺭﻭﻓﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻗـﻭﻟﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻠﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ... ‫ﻗـﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ) ٢ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ .. ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ " ) ٣ ( . ‫ﻭﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ) ٤ ( " ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴـﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻅـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﻁﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺌﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺌـﻑ‬ ‫ﻫـﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻴـﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻭﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻭﺼﺎﻑ‬ : ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬ .. " ‫ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻁﻭﺍﺌـﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻗـﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻓـﺈﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅـﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨـﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻫـﻡ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟﺔ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ " ) ٥ ( . ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﻟﻠـﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺌـﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻴـﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺌﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﻭﺍﺌﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺭﺍﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻜﻼﺒﻴﺔ‬ ) ٦ ( . " ‫ﻭﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ : " ‫ﺍﻹﺜﺒـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺼﻔﺎﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤـﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺘﺒﺎﻋﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﺒﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ) ٧ ( ". ‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﺇﻟـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘـﺴﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺤـﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤـﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﻭل‬ " ) ٨ ( .
																														٤٣	‫ـ‬	٤٢	:	٣	،	‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	١ (	)
																														٢ (	)
	.	/ ٣٠٨	١٦	،	٥٥	‫ـ‬	٥٢	:	٦	،	‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	،	٩٤	:	١	(	١٤٠٤ ‫ﻫـ‬	‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬	:	‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬	،	‫ـ‬ ‫ﻁ‬	)	‫ﻜﻴﻼﻨﻲ،‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ‬	‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠل‬ "	"	‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺭﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ) ١ ( ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦ : ٨ .
	‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺯﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﻨﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭل‬ ‫ﺔ،‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، . ‫ﺘﻭﻓﻲ‬	٣ ( ٢ (	) )
																														٣٦	،	" ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻫﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻘﺎﺌﺩ‬ " " ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ "	١٣ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ٣٤٨ ٢٤٠ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﺎ‬ .
											.	‫ﺘﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﻴﺌﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬	٤ (	)
																	٩٢		:	١	‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠل‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ) ٥ ( ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺘﻴﺔ‬ " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦ : ٥٢٤ ، ١٣ : ٣٤٨ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺴﻜﻲ‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ " ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻫﺎﻥ‬ " " ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ " ، ٦:٥١ ، ٥٢٠ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﻲ‬ ، ٣٥
	‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻔﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻔﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻠ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻔﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺫﻫﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﻬﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻘﺩﺭ‬	٦ (	)
																														.	‫ﻋﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬
																											٦٥	،	‫ﺍﻷﺩﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺎﺌﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻫﺎﻥ‬ "	"	‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺴﻜﻲ‬	،	١٦٢	،	١٤٦	:	١	،	‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠل‬ "	"	‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺭﺴﺘﺎﻨﻲ‬
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	‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : " ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺠـﺯﺀﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺏ‬ ‫ﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺘﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺫﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺯﺍﻉ‬ ) ١ ( ." ‫ﺃﻤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ : ‫ﺼﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ . ‫ﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ : ١ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻅـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓـﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺼﻔﻭﺍ‬ ) ٢ ( ‫ﺠﻨـﺎﺌﺯﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺸﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻘﻭﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﻗﺒﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ‬ ) ٣ ( ‫ﻭﻫـﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠـﻴﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﺩﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻭﺒﺎﺕ‬ . ٢ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻔﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ) ٤ ( ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ‬ ) ٥ ( ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴـﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺭﻜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻔﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺫﻫﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻫـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻬل‬ : ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻁﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ . ٣ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ " ‫ﻭﺇﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻴـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤـﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺤﺴﺎﻥ‬ " ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺏ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺩﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨـﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺩﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤـﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﺯﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ "
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  ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻬل‬ ‫ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻀﻼل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻥ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺘﺹ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺩﻋﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻔﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ 


	‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ : ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺠﺯﺀﺍ‬ : ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ : ‫ﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ... ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺯﺍﻉ‬ ." ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒـﺎﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌـل‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠـﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻼﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻙ‬ : ‫ﻴﻨﻘ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻌﻠـﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻠـﻡ‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ) ١ ( . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻨﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻭل‬ : ‫ﻗـﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﺇﻁـﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻨـﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺩﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬ : ‫ﻭﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ " ) ٢ ( . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ .. . ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ) ٣ ( . ‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺼﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺯﻜﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ .. ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺠﺯﺀﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬ ‫ﺒـﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ، ‫ﻓـﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺯﺍل‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ : ‫ﺠـﺯﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ . ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸـﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻨـﺼﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻟﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺓ‬ ) ٤ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ . ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴـﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻅﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻔﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ : ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻘـﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻭﺒـﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴـﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻔﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌـﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺭﻜـﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺠـﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻭﺒﺔ‬ ) ٤ ( . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺠـﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻔﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺯﻋﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻘل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺯﻋﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺤﺵ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺍﺌﻊ‬ " ) ٥ ( . ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : .. " ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻟـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﺽ‬ : ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺍﺌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻗـﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ : ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ . ‫ﻋﻠﻤـﺕ‬ ‫ﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻴﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻜﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬
	.	‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺒﺎ‬	١٢٨	‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺭﺍﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺘل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻪ‬	‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﻡ‬	١ (	)
	،	١	‫ﻁ‬	) "	‫ﻭﻨﻘـﺩ‬ ‫ﻋـﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻨﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺍﺀ‬	"	" ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ " ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ، ٦ : ٢٦ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ " . ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ، ٢ : ٧٩٤	‫ﺍﻟﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬ ) ٢ (
																	.	٩٤	(	‫ﻩ‬	١٤٢٨	،	‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬	:	‫ﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﺽ‬
														٥٥٤	،	٥٥٠	،	٥٤٨	:	٧	،	‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	٣ (	)
											.	٥٨٤	،	٥٧٩	،	٢٠٣	‫ـ‬	٢٠٢	:	٧	،	‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	٤ (	)
									(	) ٣٨٣٢					

‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬

  ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ... ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨـﺯﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻜـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻭﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻼﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻜـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤـﺩ‬ ‫ﹸـﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹸﺭﻜـﺕ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺼﻭﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـل‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ : " ‫ﻓﻌـل‬ ‫ﺒـﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠـﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻬـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺠﺯﺀﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻨـﺯﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺌﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﻁﺌﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻅﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬ " . ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀـﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﺌﺽ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴـﺸﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻫـل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ . 


	: ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺫﻨـﺏ‬ ‫ﺎﻥ‬ ) ١ ( ." ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺎل‬ ‫ﺘـﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﺏ‬ : : " ‫ﻭﻫـﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺤـﺩﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺭﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﺎﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﺯﺍ‬ " ) ٢ ( .
	٣ (	)													
		‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻭﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ :
		٦٧٣	،	" ‫ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ "	،	٤٨٦	،	١٨١	:	٧	،	‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	١ (	)
			.	٥٠٨	:	٢	،	، " ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺡ‬ "	‫ﺍﻟﺩﻤﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	٢ (	)
													٦٢١	:	٧	،	‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬ "	"	‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬	٣ (	)