All praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and His peace and blessings be upon the Seal of Prophets and Messengers. This research addresses the subject of (Commission Marketing Through Digital Platforms -A Jurisprudential Comparative Study). This study signifies commission marketing and its special jurisprudential rules and how it could be a source of earning money and increasing income. 
Then, I mentioned the synonym for that in the books of jurists, which is brokerage. With it, I also dealt with its meaning, proofs of its legality, rules related to it, and the broker's entitlements, in which I copied down the jurists' statements from their own books. Finally, I explained the jurisprudential adaptation of commission marketing in order to sum up its rules and all related issues so that it can be adjusted to the work of the broker through digital platforms. 

١ - َ ‫ﹶﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﹶ،‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﹶﺭ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ ‫ِﻲ‬ ‫َﺒ‬ ‫ﺃ‬ ِ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﹶﻴ‬ ‫ﻗ‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ :  ‫ﱠﻡ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﹶﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﱠﻰ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﱠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬ ِ ‫‪‬ﻭل‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ِ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ِﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﱠﺎ‬ ‫ﹸﻨ‬ ‫ﻜ‬  ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ٍ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ِﺎﺴ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﹶﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹶﺴ‬ ‫ﻓ‬  ‫ﱠﻡ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﹶﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﱠﻰ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ِ ‫ﱠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬ ُ ‫‪‬ﻭل‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﺎ‬ ‫ِﻨ‬ ‫ﺒ‬  ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻤ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ِﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹸﺴ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻘ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ، ‫ﹾﻪ‬ ‫ِﻨ‬ ‫ﻤ‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫َﺤ‬ ‫ﺃ‬ َ ‫ﺎل‬ : »  ‫‪‬ﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﹸﻭﺒ‬ ‫ﹶﺸ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﹸ،‬ ‫ﹾﻑ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﹾﺤ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭ‬  ‫ﹾﻭ‬ ‫ﱠﻐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬  ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻴ‬  ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹾﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬  ‫ِﻥ‬ ‫ﺇ‬ ،ِ ‫‪‬ﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﱡﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬  ‫ﹶﺭ‬ ‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ ‫ﹶﺔ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ِﺎﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ « ) ٣ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺩﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺴﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ " : ‫ﺇﻴﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﺯ،‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ،‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻰ‬ ١ ‫ﺴﻤﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎﻥ‬ . ٢ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺴﻭﻋﺔ‬ ١٠ / ١٥٢ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ ، : ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﺎﺕ‬ ٩٦ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺒﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﻥ‬ ، ٩ / ١٢٤ ٣ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺎﻟﻁﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ،‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ،‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻥ‬ ٣/٢٤٢ ‫ﻭﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ،‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻴﺎﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ٣/٥٠٦ ) ١٦٧٣ ( ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ " ) ١ ( . ٢ -  ‫ﻋ‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ، ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ،ِ ‫ِﺩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭ‬  ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ،ٍ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻤ‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﹾﺕ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ِ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﱠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬ ِ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ َ ‫ﹶﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹾﻬ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻋ‬  ‫ﱠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬  ‫ِﻲ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ٍ ‫‪‬ﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ،ِ ‫ِﻴﻪ‬ ‫َﺒ‬ ‫ﺃ‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ،ٍ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﹶﺎﻭ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ : ِ ‫ﱠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠ‬ ُ ‫‪‬ﻭل‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ َ ‫ﹶﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬  ‫ﱠﻡ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ِ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﹶﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ُ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﱠﻰ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ : » ٍ ‫‪‬ﺎﺩ‬ ‫ِﺒ‬ ‫ﻟ‬  ‫ِﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﻀ‬ ‫ﺤ‬  ‫ِﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ، ‫‪‬ﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹾﺒ‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﱠﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻘ‬ ‫ﹶﻠ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ « َ ‫ﹶﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ، : ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﹾﺕ‬ ‫ﹸﻠ‬ ‫ﹶﻘ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ٍ ‫‪‬ﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ِﺎﺒ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ :  ‫ﹸﻪ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﹶﻭ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ » ٍ ‫‪‬ﺎﺩ‬ ‫ِﺒ‬ ‫ﻟ‬  ‫ِﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﻀ‬ ‫ﺤ‬  ‫ِﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ « َ ‫ﹶﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ : ‫ﺍ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ِﻤ‬ ‫ﺴ‬  ‫ﹶﻪ‬ ‫ﻟ‬  ‫ﹸﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ) ٢ (
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‫ﻟﻠﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺴﻭﻁ‬ ١٥/١١٥ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﺎﺌﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻴﻥ‬ ، ٤ / ٧٥ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺩ‬ ، ٥ / ١٣٦ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻟﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﻀﺔ‬ ، ٥/٢٥٧ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ، ٥/٢٧٠ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬ ، ٥/٣٤٥ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺸﺎﻑ‬ ، ٤/١١ ٢ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺴﻭﻁ‬ ١٥ / ١١٥ ٣ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ٥ / ٢٧٠ ٤ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬ ٥/٣٤٥ ٥ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻭﻨﺔ‬ ٣ / ٤٦٦ ٦ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻙ‬ ٤/٤٥ ‫ﺒﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬ 

‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼل‬ : ‫ﻤﻔﻬ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ :

  ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻨﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ،‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺭﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻁﻴﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺤﻤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ . ‫ﻭﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺠل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺒﺎﺩل‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ،‬ ‫ﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻬﺩ،‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻠﻡ،‬ ‫ﻨﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻀل‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ﴾  ‫ِﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ٍ ‫ﹾﻡ‬ ‫ِﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ِﻱ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﹸل‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﹶﻭ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ﴿ ‫ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻀﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ، ‫ﻨﺎﺠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺒل‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺎ‬ . ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻓﻠﻴﻴﺕ،‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻤﺩﻭﺍ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍﺘﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﹸﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ،‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﻀﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ): ‫ﻤﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ،‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﺯﻱ‬ . ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ،‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻀﺨﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﻟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ،‬ ‫ﺤﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺠﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ل‬ . ‫ﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻭﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭﺘﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ِﻴ‬ ‫ِﺴ‬ ‫ﹶﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،ِ ‫ﱠﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨ‬  ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒ‬  ‫ِﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ِﻱ‬ ‫ﱠﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﹸ؛‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ِﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬  ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹾﺠ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺒﺔ،‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﹲ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻹﻤﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﹸ،‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬  ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﹾﻤ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ، ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻠﺒﻭﻨﻪ،‬ ‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻤ‬  ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﹶﻬ‬ ‫ﻟ‬  ‫ِﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﹶﻴ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ِﻴ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ِﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺎﻀ‬ ‫ﹾﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬  ‫ِﻥ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ُ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭ‬ َ ‫ﱠل‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﹶﻭ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫َﻥ‬ ‫ﺃ‬  ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ،‬ ‫ﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ . 


	         -           
	‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬ : ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺴﻠﻴﻥ،،،‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭل‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬ -‫ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ : ( ، ‫ﺘﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴـﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻜﺘـﺏ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻓﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺨل،‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴـﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻬـﺎ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺤﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ،‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ،‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴـﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻀـﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭﻫﻡ،‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻘﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ،‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻠـﻕ‬ ‫ﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻜـل‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻜﺎﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺨﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﺯﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ -‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ -‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ -‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ . ) ١ ( ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل،‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻅﻡ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻭﻗﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺭﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺭﻉ،‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻔﺎﻭﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺴﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺤﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺩﺨﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ،‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ،‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﺘﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻭﻗﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺎﺠﺎﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻭﻁﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ . ‫ﻟﻠﻭﺴﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻭﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴل‬ . ‫ﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺤﻜﺎﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺒـ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺴﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺓ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ -‫ﻓﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺒﺎﺏ‬ : ١ -‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ . ٢ -‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻭﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺘﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻅﺎﺌﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ‬ . ٣ -‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬ . ٤ -‫ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺭﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ : ١ -‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ٢ -‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺌﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ٣ -‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬ ٤ -‫؟‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ِﺦ‬ ‫ﹸﺴ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ‬ : ١ -‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ . ٢ -‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ . ٣ -‫ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ . ٤ -‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺦ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼل‬ : ‫ﻤﺒﺤﺜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺘﻪ،‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼل‬ : ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻁﻠﺢ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺘﻤﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ،‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺸﺘﻤل‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻘﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ٢ ‫ﻴﻨﻅ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ : com . hbrarabic :// https ٢ ‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺹ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ٢٠ ، https://motaber.com . ١ com . tijaratuna :// https https://tijaratuna.com ‫ﺘﺠﺎﺭﺘﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﺎﺕ،‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻴﺎﺕ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﺦ،‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ،‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﺎﺕ،‬  ‫ﻋﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟـﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺠﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺭﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ . ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﺇﻁﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﺩﻤﺎ‬ ClickBank ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ Click Bank ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﺌﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻌﻴﻥ‬ ( ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ) ‫ﹸﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ( ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ، ClickBank ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ١٩٩٨ ‫ﻭﻤﻘﺭﻫﺎ‬ . ١ ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ClickBank ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ،‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ) ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ؟‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺦ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬ . ‫ﺃﺠﺭﺘﻪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻰ‬ ) ١ ( . ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ : ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻁﺭﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺎﺩل‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﺇﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﻤﺢ‬ ) ٢ ( . ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ) ٣ ( : ‫ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ " ‫ﻓﻴﺴﺒﻭﻙ‬ ) " Facebook .( ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺎﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ " ‫ﺒﻼﻱ‬ ‫ﻏﻭﻏل‬ ) " Google Play .( ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ " ‫ﻴﻭﺘﻴﻭﺏ‬ ) " YouTube .( ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎﺯﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ : ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ( ) ١ ( ‫ﻟﻪ،‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺠل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺸﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ؛‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ،‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ،‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻭﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ) ٢ ( ‫ﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﻤﺌﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺒل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻔﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺠﺯﻫﺎ‬ . ‫ﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ : ‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺫ‬ :( ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻀﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ‬ : ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻊ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻭﻗﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺭﻭﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬ : ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺫﺍﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﻁﻊ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺼل‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺩﻴﻭ‬ ) ٣ ( . ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺒﺢ،‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ،‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﻭﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ،‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻠﺨﺹ‬ : ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬ : ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺎ‬ : ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﺭﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬ : ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺼﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺒﻌﺎ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼل‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻁﻠﺢ‬ : ‫ﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ،‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻘﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ :  ‫‪‬ﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ :  ) ١ ( . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻤﺴﺎ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻔﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻴﺩﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ،‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺭﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻡ‬ . ‫ﻋﻴﻭﺒﻬﺎ،‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺤﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺀ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ،‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻓﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺩﻕ،‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻤﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤﻴﺯﺍﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ،‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺩﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺒﺭﺓ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﻭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﺒﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺼﻁﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ : ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﱠﺎل،‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ،‬ ‫ﻹﻤﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ،‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ) ٢ ( . ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤﻭﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻠﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻀﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ،‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩﻩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬ : ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ :
		٧٦	‫ﻴﻭﺴﻑ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ : . ‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ .	١ ٣ ٣
	( ( ( ( ( ( (	) ١٦٦٥ ) ١٦٦٧ ) ١٦٦٨ ) ١٦٦٩ ) ١٦٧٠ ) ١٦٧١ ) ١٦٧٢	



  . ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ،‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﺍﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺒﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺅﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻤﺎﻥ،‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺭ،‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﺍﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل،‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻘﺼﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺍﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺯﺍﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻫﺎ،‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﻨﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﺠﺭﺓ،‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻠﻔﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺎﺭﺓ،‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻨﺎﺒﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ،‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤل‬ . ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻴﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻥ‬  ‫ﺃﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺘﺅﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺭﻭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻊ،‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺫﻫﺒﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ": ‫ﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﻔﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠل‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺠﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭﻩ،‬ ‫ﺜﻭﺏ‬ 


	‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﺒﺔ،‬ ‫ﻜﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﻲ،‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﺏ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺌﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻟﺔ،‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﺤﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ،‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺭﻡ،‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺯﺍﺭﻋﺔ‬ . ‫ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ":
		‫؟‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻰ‬	‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺤﺙ‬ " ) ١ ( . :
	) ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺘﺭﻙ،‬ ‫ﺃﺠﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻨﺎﺒﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ٢ ( . ‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺠﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬ ) ٣ ( .
		٤ ( .	)	"	‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ‬	‫ﻭﺠ‬
					٥/١٠٢	‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ‬	١
					١١٥	/	١٥	‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺴﻭﻁ‬	:	‫ﻴﻨﻅﺭ‬	٢
								٥/٣٤٦	‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬	٣
					١٠٩	‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺭﻭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬	٤
	(	) ١٦٧٥					

.