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[0101] In,. iormulae ( ) methyl or t .fl a and (b) RA . h n uorometh I zA . ’ is ydroge fl . group, naphthyl y . is a sing! b n, uonne z• eneg eondh ’ -, wherein Z’ i rou~ or (backbone) C(’ p enylene alkyl s a straight b - =0) o ene group wh• h ’ ranched - - bond, ester bond ic may contain ah dr or cycl)c C1 -C10 naphthylene grou o~la~tone ring, o/ph~:y~ mmety, ether gen or a polar p. is an acid labile y ene group or from mnon hgroup having at least group. yA is hydro- b g ydroxyl one structu ond, ester b , cyano carb re selected lactone ring, ~~f; sulf~nic acid,ester ~~:~ carboxyl, ether [0102] E one =s and c,ri,oxylic ;;::y’:~date bond, 

xmnples of h I e. wherein zA • . t e structur h . h 1s a vari t e avmg £ t ereto. Notabl RA an are shown be! b ormula (a) y, and XA are as defi owd, ut not limited ne above. 

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