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We amortize intangible assets using the straight-line method over their expected economic useful lives. 

Based on acquisitions completed through December 31, 2010, we expect intangible amortization expense for 2011 and subsequent years as follows: 

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Our estimates of future amortization expense for intangible assets may be affected by changes to the preliminary purchase price allo- cations, additional acquisitions, and currency translations. 

## 8. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities 

Our investments in unconsolidated entities consist primarily of the following: 

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Morningstar Japan K.K.  Morningstar Japan K.K. (MJKK) develops and markets products and services customized for the Japanese market. MJKK’s shares are traded on the Osaka Stock Exchange, “Hercules Market,” using the ticker 4765. We account for our invest- ment in MJKK using the equity method. The following table sum- marizes our ownership percentage in MJKK and the market value of this investment based on MJKK’s publicly quoted share price: 

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Other Equity Method Investments.  As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, other equity method investments include our investment in Morningstar Sweden AB (Morningstar Sweden). Morningstar Sweden develops and markets products and services customized for their respective market. Our ownership interest in Morningstar Sweden was approximately 24% as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. 

As of December 31, 2009, other equity-method investments also included our investment in Morningstar Denmark. Our ownership interest and profit-and-loss-sharing interest in Morningstar Denmark was 25% at that date. In July 2010, we acquired an additional 75% ownership in Morningstar Denmark, increasing our ownership inter- est to 100%. Upon acquiring the majority ownership, we recorded a non-cash holding gain of $4,564,000. This gain represents the difference between the estimated fair value and the book value of our investment in Morningstar Denmark at the date of acquisition. Because Morningstar Denmark is now a wholly owned subsidiary, we no longer account for our investment using the equity method. Beginning in July 2010, we consolidate the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of Morningstar Denmark in our Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 7 for additional information concern- ing our acquisition of Morningstar Denmark. 

Cost Method Investments.  As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, our cost method investments consist mainly of minority investments in Pitchbook Data, Inc. (Pitchbook) and Bundle Corporation (Bundle). Pitchbook offers detailed data and information about private equity transactions, investors, companies, limited partners, and service providers. Bundle is a social media company dedicated to helping people make smarter spending and saving choices. Its website, Bundle.com, features a money comparison tool that shows spend- ing trends across the United States, along with a range of informa- tion on saving, investing, and budgeting. We did not record any impairment losses on our cost method investments in 2010 and 2009, respectively. 

