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* Remember to combine the de fi nite article with the preposition (see Unit 8, paragraph 2) when using the variable forms. 

5 When a relative pronoun is preceded by in  or a , and these denote place, it is often replaced, in contemporary Italian, by the adverb dove . Da dove  or di dove  can be used when the relative pronoun is preceded by the preposition da : 

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6 The relative pronouns (both variable and invariable) can be used in con- junction with the demonstrative pronouns colui  and quello . 

Colui  can only refer to people. It has three forms: colui  [ms], colei  [fs], coloro  [mp and fp]; these combine with che / cui  or il quale / la quale / i quali / le quali  as follows: 

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Quello  has four forms: quello  [ms], quella  [fs], quelli  [mp], quelle  [fp]; these only combine with che / cui , and can refer to both objects and people: 

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The use of quello che  etc. to refer to a person is rather informal, unlike colui che / colui il quale  etc. which are quite formal. 

