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Cation Moiety of Component (d2-1): 

In the formula ( d2-1 ), Mm+ represents an m-valent organic cation. 

Preferred examples of the organic cation represented by Mm+ include the same cations as those represented by the general formulae (ca-1) to (ca-4), respectively. Specific examples thereof include cations represented by the formulae ( ca-1-1) to ( ca-1-67), respectively. 

The component (d2-1) may be used alone, or in combina› tion of two or more kinds thereof. 

Component (d2-2) 

Anion Moiety of Component (d2-2): 

In the formula ( d2-2), Rd $^{2 }$represents an optionally substi› tuted cyclic group, an optionally substituted chain alkyl group, or an optionally substituted chain alkenyl group, and examples thereof include the same groups as those in R $^{101 }$in the formula (b-1). 

However, a fluorine atom is not bonded to (there is no fluorine-substitution at) the carbon atom adjacent to the S atom in Rd 2 . According to this, the anion of the component (d2-2) becomes an appropriately weak acid anion, whereby the quenching ability is enhanced. 

Rd $^{2 }$is preferably an optionally substituted aliphatic cyclic group, and more preferably a ( optionally substituted) group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are eliminated from ada› mantane, norbomane, isobornane, tricyclodecane, tetracy› clododecane, or the like; or a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are eliminated from camphor or the like. 2 

The hydrocarbon group represented by Rd may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include the same groups as those exemplified above for the substituent which the hydrocarbon group (aromatic hydrocarbon group or ali- phatic hydrocarbon group) in Rd$^{1 }$in the formula ( d2-1) may have. 

-continued 

Preferred specific examples of the anion moiety of the component (d2-2) are given below. 

[Chemical formula 54] 

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Cation Moiety of Component (d2-2) 

In the formula ( d2-2), Mm+ represents an m-valent organic cation and is the same as Mm+ in the formula (d2-1). 

The component (d2-2) may be used alone, or in combina› tion of two or more kinds thereof. 

Component (d2-3) 

Anion Moiety of Component (d2-3): 

In the formula (d2-3), Rd $^{3 }$represents an optionally substi› tuted cyclic group, an optionally substituted chain alkyl group, or an optionally substituted chain alkenyl group, and examples thereof include the same groups as those in R $^{101 }$in the formula (b-1). Rd 3 is preferably a cyclic group, a chain alkyl group, or a chain alkenyl group, each of which contains a fluorine atom. Above all, Rd 3 is preferably a fluorinated alkyl group, and more preferably the same fluorinated alkyl group as that represented by Rd$^{1 }$as described above. 

In the formula (d2-3), Rd $^{4 }$represents an optionally substi› tuted cyclic group, an optionally substituted chain alkyl group, or an optionally substituted chain alkenyl group, and examples thereof include the same groups as those in R $^{101 }$in the formula (b-1). 4 

Above all, Rd is preferably an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group, or a cyclic group, each of which may have a substituent. 

