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per Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 91, section 91.319. Experimental balloons also require specific documentation when flown outside of an area of 50 miles from its home port. Pilots of special shape balloons with an Experimental Airworthiness Certificate should coordinate their activities with their local Flight Service District Office to avoid problems. 

## Thermal Airships 

A thermal airship combines the characteristics of a hot air balloon, with respect to lifting force, and an airship, with respect to its capacity of being steered while in flight. To develop proficiency in this aircraft, knowledge is required of not only hot air balloon operations and physics, but also of airship operations. It is estimated that there are currently less than 10 of these aircraft in the United States, and there is no specific pilot certificate for thermal airships. These aircraft are extremely expensive to purchase, and have some significant operating limitations with reference to winds. Any further discussion is outside the scope of this handbook. 

## Heater System 

The heater system consists of propane burners (one or more), fuel tanks that store liquid propane, and fuel lines that carry the propane from the tanks to the burners. The burners convert ambient air into hot air, which in turn provides the lift required for flight. [Figures 2-6 and  2-7] 

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<img src='content_image/568412.jpg'>

## DOUBLE BURNERS CONFIGURATION 

BURNER CAN 1 

COIL ASSEMBLY 2 

LIQUID FIRE JET ASSEMBLY 3 

IGNITOR ASSEMBLY 4 

PILOT LIGHT ASSEMBLY 5 

COIL POST 6 

LIQUID FIRE VALVE ASSEMBLY 7 

HANDLE TUBE 8 

MAIN VALVE ASSEMBLY 9 

SWIVEL ASSEMBLY 10 

GIMBAL BLOCK CAP LOWER 11 

GIMBAL BLOCK CAP UPPER 12 

PRESSURE GAUGE ASSEMBLY 13 

GIMBAL TENSION ADJUSTMENT SCREW 14 

GIMBAL MOUNTING SCREW 15 

## SINGLE BURNER CONFIGURATION 

