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and annual footnote disclosures, however, the adoption of ASU 2018 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. 

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform, as a new Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic, ASC 848. The purpose of ASC 848 is to provide optional guidance to ease the potential effects on financial reporting of the market-wide migration away from Interbank Offered Rates, such as LIBOR, which is expected to be phased out at the end of calendar year 2021, to alternative reference rates. ASC 848 applies only to contracts, hedging relationships, debt arrangements and other transactions that reference a benchmark reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. ASC 848 contains optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to transactions affected by this reform. The amendments in the ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this new guidance. 

## (2) RESTRUCTURING CHARGES 

As part of an ongoing strategic effort to reposition its portfolio, optimize operational performance and improve margins, the Company has incurred charges related to restructuring that include reductions in workforce, office consolidation and other costs, including those associated with the sale of a large asset such as the Fayetteville Shale. These charges are further discussed below. The following table presents a summary of the restructuring charges included in Operating Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: 

<img src='content_image/1021259.jpg'>

(1) Does not include a $4 million gain for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to curtailment of the other postretirement benefit plan presented in other income (loss), net on the consolidated statements of operations. 

The following table presents a summary of liabilities associated with the Company’s restructuring activities at December 31, 2020, which are reflected in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet: 

<img src='content_image/1021260.jpg'>

## Reduction in Workforce (Not Fayetteville Shale Sale-Related) 

In February 2020, the Company notified employees of a workforce reduction plan as a result of a strategic realignment of the Company's organizational structure. This reduction was substantially complete by the end of the first quarter of 2020. Affected employees were offered a severance package, which included a one-time payment depending on length of service and, if applicable, the current value of unvested long-term incentive awards that were forfeited. These costs were recognized as restructuring charges for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company also recognized additional severance costs in the fourth quarter of 2020 related to continued organizational restructuring for which a liability of $3 million has been accrued as of December 31, 2020. 

In June 2018, the Company notified affected employees of a workforce reduction plan, which resulted primarily from a previously announced study of structural, process and organizational changes to enhance shareholder value and continues with respect to other aspects of the Company’s business activities. Affected employees were offered a severance package, which included a one-time cash payment depending on length of service and, if applicable, the current value of a portion of equity awards that were forfeited. 

