content_image/326660.jpg
<img src='content_image/326660.jpg'>

formula (93) with duty cycle constraint ( q, c ) . The lower bound L ( µ ) is quite tight and can be regarded as a good approximation of mutual information of first-order Markov inputs. 

Figs. 5 and 6 demonstrate the sensitivity of the achievable rates to the duty cycle parameter q and the transition cost c , respectively. The performance of Markov inputs is superior to i.i.d. inputs as well as Gaussian signaling with deterministic schedule. Fig 5 shows that the performance of i.i.d. input is similar to the deterministic schedule, which implies that different from the case under the idealized duty cycle constraint, i.i.d. input is not a good choice under the realistic duty cycle constraint. 

