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[0325] The "carbonate-containing cyclic group" indicates a cyclic group having a ring (a carbonate ring) containing -O----C(=O)-O- in the ring structure thereof. In a case where the carbonate ring is counted as the first ring and the group contains only the carbonate ring, the group is referred to as a monocyclic group. Further, in a case where the group has other ring structures, the group is referred to as a polycyclic group regardless of the structures. The carbonate› containing cyclic group may be a monocyclic group or a polycyclic group. 

[0326] The carbonate ring-containing cyclic group is not particularly limited, and an optional group may be used. Specific examples thereof include groups represented by Formulae (ax3-r-1) to (ax3-r-3) shown below. 

[0327] [In the formulae, each Ra" independently repre› sents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, 

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--COOR", ---OC(=O)R", a hydroxyalkyl group, or a cyano group. R" represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a lactone-containing cyclic group, a carbonate-containing cyclic group, or a -SO$_{2}$-containing cyclic group. A" rep› resents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. p’ represents an integer of0 to 3, and q’ represents 0 or 11 

[0328] In Formulae (ax3-r-2) and (ax3-r-3), A" has the same definition as that for A" in Formulae (a2-r-2), (a2-r-3) and (a2-r-5). 

[0329] Examples of the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the halogen atom, the halogenated alkyl group, -COOR", ---OC(=O)R", and the hydroxyalkyl group as Ra’$^{31 }$include the same groups as those described above in the explanation ofRa’$^{21 }$in Formulae (a2-r-1) to (a2-r-7). 

[0330] Specific examples of the groups represented by Formulae (ax3-r-1) to (ax3-r-3) are shown below. 

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