98. The method according to claim 97, further comprising dissolving a polymer into the organic stream. 

99. The method according to any one of claims 97 and 98, wherein the organic stream is water-miscible. 

100. The method according to claim 91, wherein the nanoparticles are formed by 

dissolving the API in a polar solvent to form a polar solution stream, 

dissolving the IP in an organic solvent to form an organic solution stream, and 

continuously mixing the polar solution stream against the organic solution stream to form a mixed solution from which the nanoparticles that encapsulate the API assemble and precipitate, 

wherein the organic solvent is less polar than the polar solvent. 

101. The method according to claim 100, further com› prising dissolving a polymer into the organic solvent. 

102. The method according to any one of claims 100 and 101, wherein the organic solvent is water-miscible. 

103. The method according to claim 91, wherein the nanoparticles are formed by an emulsion/stripping process. 

104. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 103 wherein the API is an antibacterial. 

105. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 104, wherein the API is a biologic. 

106. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 104, wherein the API is selected from the group consisting of: an antimicrobial small molecule, a peptide, a cationic peptide, an anionic peptide, a protein, a cationic protein, an anionic protein, and an aminoglycoside. 

107. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 106, wherein the API has an aqueous solubility of greater than 10 mg/ml. 

108. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 107, wherein the API has a log P value less than -2 in an aqueous solution at pH of 7. 

109. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 108, wherein the API has 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more ionic groups. 

110. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 105 and 107 through 109, wherein the API is not an oligonucleotide. 

111. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 103, wherein the API is selected from the group consisting of gentamycin, polymyxin B, mastoparan 7, sub5, LL37, colistin, ecumicin, OZ439, ovalbumin, and lysozyme. 

112. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 103, wherein the API is selected from the group consisting of polymyxin B, colistin, mastoparan 7, sub5, ovalbumin, and gentamycin. 

113. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the counterion has a log P value of 2 or greater at a pH of 7. 

114. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the counterion has a log P value of greater than 5 and the release profile of the API displays a plateau in the release rate or fraction released with time. 

115. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 114, wherein the counterion has 1, 2, or more ionic sites. 

116. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 115, wherein the counterion is an anionic counterion that has a pKa value of from -2 to 5. 

117. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 115, wherein the counterion has a pKb value of greater than 3. 

118. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 115, wherein the counterion is a quatemized cat› ionic species that is permanently cationic. 

119. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 115, wherein the counterion has an ionic site selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid, sulfate, sulfonate, or amine. 

120. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the IP reagent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hexanoate, sodium decanoate, sodium myristate (MA), sodium oleate (OA), pamoic acid disodium salt (PA), benzenesulfonic acid monohydrate, sodium 2-naphthalenesulfonate, (lR)-(-)-10-camphorsulfo› nic acid, sodium 1,2-ethanesulfonate, sodium 1-heptanesul› fonate, sodium 1-octanesulfonate monohydrate, sodium 1-decanesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS), and sodium deoxycholate. 

121. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the IP reagent is sodium decyl sulfate (DS). 

122. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the counterion is selected from the group consisting of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate, decyl hydro› gen sulfate, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, and pamoic acid. 

123. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 112, wherein the counterion is selected from the group consisting of oleic acid and palmitic acid. 

124. The method according to any one of claims 93 through 96, 98 through 99, 101 through 102, and 104 through 123, wherein the polymer is self-assembling. 

125. The method according to any one of claims 93 through 96, 98 through 99, 101 through 102, and 104 through 123, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succi› nate (HPMCAS), polystyrene-block-polyethylene glycol (PS-b-PEG), and polycaprolactone-block-polyethylene gly› col (PCL-b-PEG). 

126. The method according to any one of claims 93 through 96, 98 through 99, 101 through 102, and 104 through 123, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of 1.6 kDa polystyrene-block-5 kDa polyethylene glycol and 5 kDa polycaprolactone-block-5 kDa polyethyl› ene glycol. 

127. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 126, further comprising a polyethylene glycol coat› ing on the nanoparticles. 

128. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 127, wherein the nanoparticles have a Z-average particle size of from 10 nm to 1000 nm. 

129. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 127, wherein the nanoparticles have a Z-average particle size of from 25 nm to 1200 nm. 

130. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 127, wherein the nanoparticles have a Z-average particle size of from 50 nm to 500 nm. 

131. The method according to any one of claims 91 through 127, wherein the nanoparticles have a Z-average particle size of from 75 nm to 400 nm. 

