## Sugar compositions of the invention 

## Reduced compositions 

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a sugar composition comprising sucrose and at least about 20 mg CE polyphenol / 100g carbohydrates (ie about 16 mg GAE polyphenol / 100 g carbohydrate) and about 0 to 0.3% w/w ash, wherein 90% or less of the sucrose is bioavailable to a mammal following consumption of the sugar. Optionally, 85% or less, or 80% or less, of the sugar is bioavailable. Optionally, the sugar contains about 0.05 to 0.3% w/w ash. In some embodiments, the sugar composition has about 20 to 45 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates. In alternate embodiments, the sugar composition has about 46 to 100 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates. The sugar is optionally also low glycaemic or very low glycaemic. The sugar is optionally low to very low glycaemic. 

Sucrose sugars with 20 to 45 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates (16 to 36 mg GAE polyphenol / 100 g carbohydrate) and 0 to 0.5 g/1 00 g reducing sugars are low glycaemic (see international patent application no. PCT/AU201 7/050782). Sucrose sugars with 46 to 100 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates (37 to 80 mg GAE polyphenol / 100 g carbohydrate) and 0 to 1.5% w/w reducing sugars (with not more than 0.5% w/w fructose and 1% w/w glucose) are also low glycaemic (see Singaporean patent application nos. SG 10201 8071 2 1Q & PCT/SG201 9/05041 6). However, it was thought that all the sugar from these compositions was bioavailable to the mammal consuming the composition, that is, it was thought that while the polyphenols slowed the absorption of the sugar resulting in a lower glycaemic index, all of the sucrose was absorbed and bioavailable to the mammal consuming the composition. Surprisingly, that is not the case. For sugars containing sucrose and 20 to 45 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates only about 80% of the sucrose is bioavailable to the mammal consuming the composition. The higher amount of polyphenols in sucrose sugars with 46 to 100 mg CE polyphenols / 100 g carbohydrates also results in reduced bioavailability of the sucrose. A similar result is also expected for amorphous sucrose sugars such as those described in Singaporean patent application no SG 10201 800837 U, which also contain polyphenols and are low glycaemic. 

In some embodiments, the sugar composition of the third embodiment of the invention is also prebiotic. 

