compound is preferably 0.01 to 8.0% by mass, more prefer› ably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.2 to 4.0% by mass, based on the total solid contents of the com› position. 

The molar ratio of the basic compound to the photo-acid 5 generator is preferably from 0.01 to 10, more preferably from 0.05 to 5, and still more preferably from 0.1 to 3. When this molar ratio is excessively high, the sensitivity and/or resolu› tion may decrease in some cases. When this molar ratio is excessively small, there is a possibility that tapering in the 10 pattern occurs between the exposure and the heating (post› bake ). The molar ratio is more preferably from 0.05 to 5, and still more preferably from 0.1 to 3. The photo-acid generator as used in the molar ratio is based on the total amount of the repeating unit (B) of the resin and the photo-acid generator 15 which the resin may further contain. 

Preferred examples of the basic compound include guani› dine, aminopyridine, aminoalkylpyridine, aminopyrrolidine, indazole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrimidine, purine, imidazoline, pyrazoline, piperazine, aminomorpholine, and aminoalkylmorpholine. These may further have a substituent. 

Preferred examples of the substituent include an amino group, an aminoalkyl group, an alkylamino group, an ami› noaryl group, an arylamino group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, a nitro group, a hydroxyl group, and a cyano group. 

Particularly preferred examples of the basic compound include guanidine, 1,1-dimethyl guanidine, 1,1,3,3-tetram› ethyl guanidine, imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 4-meth- ylimidazole, N-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 4,5- diphenylimidazole, 2,4,5-triphenylimidazole, 2-aminopyridine, 3-aminopyridine, 4-aminopyridine, 2-dim› ethylaminopyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 2-diethy› laminopyridine, 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 2-amino-3-meth- ylpyridine, 2-amino-4-methylpyridine, 2-amino-5- methylpyridine, 2-amino-6-methylpyridine, 3-aminoethylpyridine, 4-aminoethylpyridine, 3-aminopyrro› lidine, piperazine, N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, N-(2-amino- ethyl)piperidine, 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-piperidinopiperidine, 2-iminopiperidine, 1-(2-aminoethyl) pyrrolidine, pyrazole, 3-amino-5-methylpyrazole, 5-amino- 3-methyl-1-p-tolylpyrazole, pyrazine, 2-(aminomethyl)-5- methylpyrazine, pyrimidine, 2,4-diaminopyrimidine, 4,6- dihydroxypyrimidine, 2-pyrazoline, 3-pyrazoline, N-aminomorpholine and N-(2-aminoethyl) morpholine. 

[6] Surfactant 

The composition of the present invention may further con› tain a surfactant. The surfactant is particularly preferably a fluorine-based and/or silicon-based surfactant. 

Examples of the fluorine-based and/or silicone-based sur› factant include Megaface Fl 76 or Megaface ROS manufac› tured by DIC Corporation, PF656 and PF6320 manufactured by OMNOVA SOLUTIONS, INC., Troy Sol S-366 manufac› tured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd., Fluorad FC430 manufac› tured by Sumitomo 3M Ltd., and polysiloxane polymer KP-341 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 

Surfactants other than these fluorine-based and/or silicone› based surfactants may also be used. Examples of such other surfactants include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyeth› ylene alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers. 

Moreover, other generally known surfactants may also be appropriately used. Examples of the useful surfactants include those described in 0273 et seq. of US 2008/0248425 Al. 

These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds thereof. 

In the case where the composition according to the present invention further contains a surfactant, the amount of surfac› tant used is preferably in the range of0.0001 to 2% by mass, and more preferably 0.001 to 1 % by mass, based on the total solid contents of the composition. 

[7] Dye 

The composition according to the present invention may further include a dye. Examples of suitable dyes include oil dyes and basic dyes. Specific examples thereof include Oil Yellow #101, Oil Yellow #103, Oil Pink#312, Oil Green BG, Oil Blue BOS, Oil Blue #603, Oil Black BY, Oil Black BS and Oil Black T-505 ( all manufactured by Orient Chemical Indus› tries, Ltd.), Crystal Violet (CI42555), Methyl Violet (CI42535), Rhodamine B (CI45170B), Malachite Green (CI42000), and Methylene Blue (CI52015). 

[8] Photo-Base Generator 

The composition according to the present invention may further contain a photo-base generator. When a photo-base generator is contained, a more excellent pattern can be formed. 

Examples of the photo-base generator include compounds described in JP1992-151156A (JP-H04-151156A), JP1992- 162040A (JP-H04-162040A), JP1993-197148A (JP-H05- 197148A), JP1993-5995A (JP-805-5995), JP1994- 194834A (JP-H06-194834), JP1996-146608A (JP-H08- 146608A), and JP1998-83079 (JP-H10-83079A), and EP622,682B. 

Specific preferred examples of the photo-base generator include 2-nitrobenzylcarbamate, 2,5-dinitrobenzylcyclo› hexylcarbamate, N-cyclohexyl-4-methylphenylsulfonamide, and 1, 1-dimethy 1-2-pheny lethy 1-N-isopropy lcarbamate. 

[9] Antioxidant 

The composition according to the present invention may further contain an antioxidant. When an antioxidant is con› tained, the organic material can be prevented from oxidation in the presence of oxygen. 

Examples of the antioxidant include a phenol-based anti- oxidant, an antioxidant composed of an organic acid deriva› tive, a sulfur-containing antioxidant, a phosphorus-based antioxidant, an amine-based antioxidant, an antioxidant com› posed of an amine-aldehyde condensate, and an antioxidant composed of an amine-ketone condensate. Among these anti› oxidants, a phenol-based antioxidant or an antioxidant com› posed of an organic acid derivative is particularly preferably used. When such an antioxidant is used, the function as an antioxidant can be brought out without deteriorating the per- formance of the composition. 

As the phenol-based antioxidant, for example, substituted phenols, and bis-, tris-, and poly-phenols may be used. 

Examples of the substituted phenols include l-oxy-3-me- thy 1-4-isopropylbenzene, 2, 6-di-tert-buty !phenol, 2,6-di› tert-buty l-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, butylhydroxyani› sole, 2-(l-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dim- ethyl6-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dinonylphenol, 2,6- di-tert-butyl-dimethylamino-p-cresol, 6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di› tert-butylanilino )2,4-bis-octyl-thio-1,3,5 tnazme, n-octadecyl-3-(4’-hydroxy-3’,5’-di-tert-butylphenyl)propi› onate, octylated phenol, aralkyl-substituted phenols, alky- lated-p-cresol, and hindered phenol. 

Examples of the bis, tris or polyphenols include 4,4’-dihy› droxydiphenly, methylenebis( dimethyl-4,6-phenol), 2,2’› methylene-bis-( 4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2’-methyl› ene-bis-( 4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2’-methylene-bis- ( 4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4’-methylene-bis-(2,6-di-tert› butylphenol), 2,2’-methylene-bis-(6-a-methyl-benzyl-p› cresol), methylene-bridged polyalkyl phenol, 4,4’- 

