## Loss Contingencies 

The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought against us are subject to significant uncertainties. Estimated loss from a loss contingency such as a legal proceeding or claim should be accrued by a charge to income if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Disclosure of a material loss contingency is required if there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss has been incurred. 

## Income Taxes 

We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between tax and financial reporting. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized. Significant management judgment is required in developing our provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances that might be required against the deferred tax assets. ASC 740- Income Taxes, clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with GAAP. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This statement also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in the interim periods and disclosure. 

## Description 

## Judgments and Uncertainties 

Our analysis contains uncertainties because it requires management to assess the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. 

The application of tax laws and regulations to calculate our tax liabilities is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment, and uncertainty in a multitude of jurisdictions. Tax laws and regulations themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, the evolution of regulations, and court rulings. We recognize potential liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in the United States and other tax jurisdictions based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes and interest will be due. We record an amount as an estimate of probable additional income tax liability at the largest amount that we feel is more likely than not, based upon the technical merits of the position, to be sustained upon audit by the relevant tax authority. We record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets that we feel are more likely than not to not be realized. 

## Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions 

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology we use to assess loss contingencies in the past three years. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be material changes to our estimates or assumptions. However, if actual results are not consistent with our evaluation or assumptions, there could be a material impact to earnings. 

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology we used to measure our deferred tax assets and liabilities or reserves for additional income tax liabilities. If our estimate of income tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, or events cause us to change our estimate of probable additional income tax liability, a further charge to expense would be required. The Company expects to continue to be profitable and therefore has determined that a valuation allowance is not required against our deferred tax assets, except for certain state and foreign tax credits. If certain events cause us to change our estimate of the realizability of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, a further charge to expense would be required. 

