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## Ripcords or Equivalent Devices for the Main and Reserve Parachutes 

The ripcord is a device for securing the container closed prior to use. It usually consists of a handle, a flexible cable, one or more pins, and a device for securing the cable to the handle. Some ripcords use a stiffened cable instead of a pin. Similar to the ripcord is the main riser retain/release cable/ handle assembly if the parachute is equipped with a main riser release system, such as the 3-ring release. 

## Deployment Devices for the Main and Reserve Parachutes 

Deployment devices are designed to provide an orderly and controlled deployment of the parachute during use. Typical devices include bags, sleeves, pockets, straps, diapers, and sliders. 

## Main Parachute Release Mechanism and Associated Handles or Static Lines 

The main parachute release mechanism has two parts. One part is attached to the harness and the other to the risers. 

Typically such devices are the 3-ring release or Capewell releases. These types may utilize a separate release handle to provide release of both sides with one motion. This cable/ handle assembly consists of a cable to each riser and a velcro-mounted handle. The cables must be kept lubricated to function properly. There are several types of cable coatings used by various manufacturers. Nylon coating, which is hydroscopic, includes the yellow (Lolon) coated cables and the clear coated cables. This type of cable should be oiled frequently as climate conditions dictate. When you pull the cable between your fingers, if it squeaks like clean hair, then it needs to be lubricated. The Red or (new) orange-coated cable is pure FEP Teflon coating and requires no maintenance. Typically when the cable is removed from its housing, it has black oil in spots along the cable. This black oil is the residue of the cutting oil used in the manufacture of the housings. It is not harmful. In fact, if this black oil is distributed evenly along the cable, it provides limited lubrication. There is no need to worry about sand or dirt being attracted to the oil on the cable as it is more important for the cable to be lubricated than it is to be clean. [Figure 2-3]  The reserve may employ a static line (RSL) that is activated upon cutaway. This is covered in greater detail later in the chapter. 

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## Risers and Associated Steering Toggles 

Risers are part of the suspension system between the lines and the harness or load. Generally made of webbing, emergency parachutes usually have the risers integral to the harness. If they are detachable and not integral and are being used for an emergency parachute, they require a cross connector, as they are tested with only one side connected. Main risers used on sport or military systems used for intentional jumping have release mechanisms installed. Steering toggles are usually design specific to the riser for the type of canopy installed. Ram air canopies use the steering toggle to lock the deployment brake. Pulling on the toggle after opening releases the brake. Premature brake release is a major cause of malfunctions. [Figure 2-4] 

