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[0221] The repeating unit c4 is preferably a repeating unit having a group formed by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from the anhydride ring represented by General Formula (AHD). 

[0222] The anhydride ring group may be present in a side chain of the repeating unit or may be present in the form of the main chain. Among those, the anhydride ring is prefer› ably present in the form of the main chain. 

[0223] The expression that the main chain has an anhy› dride ring group means that an atom constituting the anhy› dride ring group is simultaneously an atom constituting the main chain of the repeating unit. The number of atoms constituting the main chain in such an anhydride ring may be one or may be two or more. 

[0224] The repeating unit c4 is preferably a repeating unit represented by General Formula (c4-1) or (c4-2). 

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[0225] In General Formula ( c4-1 ), ahd$_{1 }$represents a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from each of two different atoms (preferably two different carbon atoms, and more preferably two adjacent carbon atoms) constituting a ring in an anhydride ring represented by General Formula (AHD) (preferably a ring represented by General Formula (AHD-2)). 

[0226] It should be noted that the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) in this case satisfies at least the condition of the above-described aspect (b) as an aspect having two or more hydrogen atoms. 

[0227] In General Formula (c4-2), RIII’s each indepen› dently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. 

[0228] RIII is preferably a hydrogen atom. 

[0229] ahd$_{2 }$ represents a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from atoms (preferably carbon atoms con› stituting the methylene group) constituting a ring and having two or more hydrogen atoms in the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) (preferably the ring represented by General Formula (AHD-2)). 

[0230] It should be noted that the anhydride ring repre› sented by General Formula (AHD) in this case satisfies at least the condition of the above-described aspect (a) as an aspect having two or more hydrogen atoms. 

[0231] The repeating unit C may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds thereof. 

[0232] A content of the repeating unit C is preferably 5% to 60% by mass, more preferably 7% to 45% by mass, and still more preferably 10% to 30% by mass, with respect to the total mass of the resin X. 

[0233] (Other Repeating Units) 

[0234] The repeating unit contained in the resin X is not limited to the above-mentioned repeating units A to C, and may have other repeating units. 

[0235] It should be noted that from the viewpoint that the effect of the present invention is more excellent, a total content of the repeating unit A, the repeating unit B, and the repeating unit C is preferably 60% by mass or more, more 

preferably 7 5% by mass or more, even more preferably 90% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, with respect to the total mass of the resin X. An upper limit of the total content is not particularly limited, and is usually 100% or less. 

[0236] Other examples of the repeating units are shown below. 

[0237] Repeating Unit Having Phenolic Hydroxyl Group. 

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[0238] In General Formula (I), 

[0239] R$_{4}$ i, R$_{42}$, and R$_{43 }$each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halo› gen atom, a cyano group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group. It should be noted that R$_{42 }$ may be bonded to Ar$_{4 }$ to form a ring, and in this case, R$_{42 }$ represents a single bond or an alkylene group. 

[0240] X$_{4 }$ represents a single bond, -COO-, or ----CONR$_{64}$-, and R$_{64 }$represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. 

[0241] L$_{4 }$ represents a single bond or an alkylene group. 

[0242] Ar$_{4 }$ represents a (n+l)-valent aromatic ring group, and in a case where Ar$_{4 }$ is bonded to R$_{42 }$to form a ring, it represents an (n+2)-valent aromatic ring group. 

[0243] n represents an integer of 1 to 5. 

[0244] As the alkyl group of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 , and R $_{43 }$in General Formula (I), an alkyl group having 20 or less carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, and a dodecyl group, is preferable, an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms is still more preferable. 

[0245] The cycloalkyl group of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 , and R 43 in General Formula (I) may be a monocycle or a polycycle. Among those, a monocyclic cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, is preferable. 

[0246] Examples of the halogen atom of each of R$_{41}$, R 42 , and R$_{43 }$ in General Formula (I) include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and the fluorine atom is preferable. 

[0247] As the alkyl group included in the alkoxycarbonyl group of each of R$_{4}$ i, R$_{42}$, and R$_{43 }$in General Formula (I), the same ones as the alkyl group in each ofR$_{4}$ i, R$_{42}$, and R 43 are preferable. 

[0248] Preferred examples of the substituents in each of the groups include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an amino group, an amide group, a ureido group, a urethane group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a thioether group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cyano group, and a nitro group. The substituent preferably has 8 or less carbon atoms. 

[0249] Ar$_{4 }$ represents an (n+ 1 )-valent aromatic ring group. The divalent aromatic ring group in a case where n is 1 may 

