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Investments classified as Available-for-Sale at December 31 are distributed by type and maturity as presented below: 

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(a) Includes CDOs, SLTs and retained interests from the company’s cardmember lending securitizations. 

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Mortgage and other asset-backed securities primarily include GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC securities at December 31, 2002 and 2001. 

The table below includes purchases, sales and maturities of investments classified as Available-for-Sale for the years ended December 31: 

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Gross realized gains on sales of securities classified as Available-for-Sale, using the specific identification method, were $373 million, $322 million and $170 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Gross realized losses on sales were ($171 million), ($574 million) and ($47 million) for the same periods. The company also recognized losses of ($204 million), ($428 million) and ($55 million) in other-than-temporary impairments on structured securities and corpo- rate debt securities for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The 2001 losses include the effect of the write down and sale of high-yield securities discussed below. 

The increase in net unrealized gains on Trading securities, which is included in income, was $12 million, $16 million and $16 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. 

During the first half of 2001, the company recognized pretax losses of $1.01 billion ($182 million and $826 million in the first and second quarters, respectively) from the write down and sale of certain high-yield securities. These losses are included in interest and dividends on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The second quarter pretax charge of $826 million is comprised of: $403 million to recognize the impact of higher default rate assumptions on certain structured investments; 

