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waters within 12 nautical miles (NM) of the coast of the 48 contiguous states and Alaska. Unless otherwise authorized, all operation in Class A airspace will be conducted under instrument flight rules (IFR). It is not likely PPCs will be operated in Class A airspace. 

## Class B Airspace 

Class B airspace is generally the airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL surrounding the nation’s busiest airports. The configuration of Class B airspace is individually tailored to the needs of a particular area and consists of a surface area and two or more layers. Some Class B airspace resembles an upside- down wedding cake. At least a private pilot certificate 

is required to operate in Class B airspace; however, there is an exception to this requirement. Student pi - lots, recreational pilots, and sport pilots may operate in the airspace if they have received training and a logbook endorsement by an authorized flight instruc - tor in accordance with 14 CFR part 61. 

With proper communication equipment, a Mode C transponder (a device that transmits your exact posi - tion and altitude), pilot certification and endorsements as required, and an air traffic control (ATC) clearance, a powered parachute may operate in Class B airspace. Due to large jets and congested traffic operating in Class B airspace, powered parachute operations may not be advised. 

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