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FX adjusted % changes in operating expenses are discussed in Operating Expenses of this Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

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$^{(1) }$Comparative years' figures have been restated for the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, discussed further in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 2 Accounting changes. 

## Reconciliation of Net Income to Earnings before interest and tax, Adjusted earnings before interest and tax and Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization 

EBIT is calculated as Net income before Net interest expense and Income tax expense. Adjusted EBIT excludes significant items reported in both Operating income and Other expense (income). Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as Adjusted EBIT plus Other components of net periodic benefit recovery, operating lease expense and Depreciation and amortization. 

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