The gastro-intestinal microbiome is improved by the use of probiotic foods and supplements (ie that contain live beneficial bacteria). Increasing reports suggest that supplementing with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus bacterial strains for 1-2 months can improve anxiety, depression, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and memory. The gastro-intestinal microbiome is also improved by consuming unrefined foods and purified sources of prebiotic fibres such as inulin, lactulose, fructo- oligosaccharide (FOS), β -ga!aclo-oligosaccharides (GOS) and Trans- galactooligosaccharides (TOS). When prebiotic fibres are consumed they pass along the small intestine undigested and are used by the beneficial bacteria in the gastro- intestinal microbiome as fuel when they reach the large intestine/colon. Unfortunately, the western diet often contains more refined foods and is deficient in prebiotic foods. 

There is a need for alternative prebiotic foods and supplements. There is also a need for food and supplements that include sugars, wherein the sugars are less damaging to the microbiome. It would also be useful to develop versions of foods that traditionally have negative effects on the gastro-intestinal microbiome but instead benefit the gastro- intestinal microbiome. 

There is also a need for reducing the amount of sugar absorbed/bioavailable and/or the speed of the absorption of sugar, which could minimise the risks of diabetes and obesity associated with high sugar diets and/or minimise the negative impact of such a diet on the gastro-intestinal microbiome. 

Reference to any prior art in the specification is not an acknowledgment or suggestion that this prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in any jurisdiction or that this prior art could reasonably be expected to be understood, regarded as relevant, and/or combined with other pieces of prior art by a skilled person in the art. 

## Summary of the invention 

The present invention provides compositions that reduce the bioavailability of sugar. The present invention also provides compositions that are prebiotic. Understanding of prebiotics remains incomplete. Food sources of prebiotics include chicory root, Jerusalem artichoke, dandelion greens, garlic, leek, asparagus, onions, and bananas. Bagasse is used in industry and for animal feed. Bagasse has been identified as a new source of prebiotic food. While probiotics have been in use for some time, the identification of prebiotic foods (that is foods that have a beneficial effect on the gastro- intestinal microbiome, in particular, the microbiome of the colon) is relatively recent. 

