•The DELAYED  clause of the INSERT  and REPLACE  statements. 

•The LOW_PRIORITY  clause of the INSERT , REPLACE , DELETE , and UPDATE  statements. 

•Use of INTO OUTFILE  or INTO DUMPFILE  in SELECT  statements. See Section 13.2.10, “SELECT Statement” . 

•Options such as STRAIGHT_JOIN  or SQL_SMALL_RESULT  in SELECT  statements. 

•You don’t need to name all selected columns in the GROUP BY  clause. This gives better performance for some very specific, but quite normal queries. See Section 12.20, “Aggregate Functions” . 

•You can specify ASC  and DESC  with GROUP BY , not just with ORDER BY . 

•The ability to set variables in a statement with the :=  assignment operator. See Section 9.4, “User- Defined Variables” . 

•Data types 

•The MEDIUMINT , SET , and ENUM  data types, and the various BLOB  and TEXT  data types. 

•The AUTO_INCREMENT , BINARY , NULL , UNSIGNED , and ZEROFILL  data type attributes. 

•Functions and operators 

•To make it easier for users who migrate from other SQL environments, MySQL Server supports aliases for many functions. For example, all string functions support both standard SQL syntax and ODBC syntax. 

•MySQL Server understands the ||  and &&  operators to mean logical OR and AND, as in the C programming language. In MySQL Server, ||  and OR  are synonyms, as are &&  and AND . Because of this nice syntax, MySQL Server doesn’t support the standard SQL ||  operator for string concatenation; use CONCAT()  instead. Because CONCAT()  takes any number of arguments, it is easy to convert use of the ||  operator to MySQL Server. 

•Use of COUNT(DISTINCT value_list )  where value_list  has more than one element. 

•String comparisons are case-insensitive by default, with sort ordering determined by the collation of the current character set, which is utf8mb4  by default. To perform case-sensitive comparisons instead, you should declare your columns with the BINARY  attribute or use the BINARY  cast, which causes comparisons to be done using the underlying character code values rather than a lexical ordering. 

• The %  operator is a synonym for MOD() . That is, N  % M  is equivalent to MOD( N , M ) . %  is supported for C programmers and for compatibility with PostgreSQL. 

•The = , <> , <= , < , >= , > , << , >> , <=> , AND , OR , or LIKE  operators may be used in expressions in the output column list (to the left of the FROM ) in SELECT  statements. For example: 

mysql> SELECT col1=1 AND col2=2 FROM my_table; 

•The LAST_INSERT_ID()  function returns the most recent AUTO_INCREMENT  value. See Section 12.16, “Information Functions” . 

• LIKE  is permitted on numeric values. 

•The REGEXP  and NOT REGEXP  extended regular expression operators. 

