[0156] Similarly, a composition of propionic acid is pre› pared as a liquid using any of the following three methods shown below. The active ingredient is proprionic acid and either ACS or sulfurinc acid is used to adjust the pH down› ward or one of the propionic salts to adjust the pH upward. ACS-P consists of calcium sulfate saturated with sulfuric acid, can also be used to adjust the pH and/or to make slurry. ACS-P can be dried and/or infused into bentonite clay, ver› miculite, or some other functional equivalent carrier capable of making a dry product. All formulations can be made to vary in concentration according to the needs and applications of the user or EPA standards. For example, the pH of the final product solution will for most purposes be at 2.0 or above in order to meet the HAZMAT criteria for non-hazardous prod› ucts. 

[0157] Formulation 1. Propionic Acid in Water. 

[0158] To make an approximate 10% solution, add about 5-15 ml of propionic acid (90%+ purity) to 100 ml of water. Mix and check pH to make sure it falls within the range from 2.0 to 2.5. If pH is greater than 2.5, titrate pH downward by adding a small amount (0.25 to 1.0 ml) of sulfuric acid (90%+ purity). If pH is less than 2.0 adjust pH upward using a small amount ( +/-about 0.5 to 1.0 gram) of sodium propionate. In a one embodiment, the concentration range of propionic acid is in the range of about 5.0% to about 15%, and the pH is in the range of about 1.5 to about 3 .5. In a preferred embodiment, the concentration range of propionic acid is in the range of about 8.0% to about 12.5%, and the pH is in the range ofabout 1.8 to 2.8. In the most preferred embodiment, the concentra› tion range of propionic acid is in the range of about 9.5% to about 10.5%, and the pH is in the range of about 2.2 to about 2.5. Alternatively, the pH can be titrated for the various con› centration ranges using a superacid such as ACS-100, ACS- 50, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or combination thereof (Note: a pipette or syringe can be used to slowly add sulfuric acid for adjusting pH downward to between about pH 2.0 and about pH 2.5. In some instances, it may be unadvisable to allow the total percentage of sulfuric acid used to adjust pH be above about 10% of the total solution, as not to surpass EPA tolerance limit for the use of sulfuric acid as a pH adjuster in pesticides. Additionally, propionic acid is a volatile chemical and may evaporate out of solution within a given period of time. It is therefore advisable to use methods known in the art to prevent such evaporation from occurring. One having ordi› nary skill in the art will understand that methods and ratios used to industrialize large scale manufacturing protocols of these compositions is included in the spirit and scope of the invention. 

[0159] Formulation 2. Salt of Propionic Acid in Water. 

[0160] To make an approximate 10% solution, add about 10 grams of either sodium or calcium propionate to about 100 ml of water, wherein sodium propionate is preferred because it does not leave a precipitant. The initial pH should be in the range of about 4.0 to 6.0. Adjust pH range to about 2.0-about 2.5 using sulfuric acid, ACS-P, ACS-100, or ACS-50. In a one embodiment, the concentration range of the salt of propionic acid is in the range of about 5.0% to about 15%, and the pH is in the range of about 1.5 to about 3.5. In a preferred embodi› ment, the concentration range of the salt of propionic acid is in the range of about 8.0% to about 12.5%, and the pH is in the range ofabout 1.8 to about 2.8. In the most preferred embodi› ment, the concentration range of the salt of propionic acid is in the range ofabout 9 .5% to about 10.5%, and the pH is in the range of about 2.2 to about 2.5. Alternatively, the pH can be 

titrated for the various concentration ranges using a super› acid, ACS-100, ACS-50, sulfuric acid, or hydrochloric acid. One having ordinary skill in the art will understand that methods and ratios used to industrialize large scale manufac› turing protocols of these compositions is included in the spirit and scope of the invention. 

[0161] Formulation 3. ACS-P andACS-100 in Water. 

[0162] ACS-P andACS 100 in water with or without the use of any other ingredients to adjust the pH of the solution, in one embodiment of this invention, an approximate 10% solution can be made by adding about 10 grams of ACS-P 50 to 100 ml of tap water and mix thoroughly. The pH should be should be in the range of about pH 1.1 to about pH 1.3. The pH can be adjusted within the desired range of about pH 1.0 by adding a few ml of ACS. If the pH adjustment results in a pH that is below 1.0, a small amount of calcium hydroxide can be added to increase the pH. The clear liquid can be decanted from any precipitant; the decanted liquid can be used as a spray. Save the white precipitant created in this process for use as a slurry product as described in Formulation 4 described below. 

[0163] Since, the pH of this solution is about pH 1.0, it may harm certain plants by turning the leaves yellow, wherein most plants should recover and plants should not die from application of this product. Although not wanting to be bound by theory, this product should be maintained in a range between about pH 0.5 to about pH 2.0. In a preferred embodi› ment, the pH range should be between about pH 0.9 and about pH 1.5. In the most preferred embodiment, the pH range should be about pH 1.0 to about pH 1.3 in order to remain effective at killing frogs. Additionally, to be effective, about 1 ml of this product should come into direct contact with the frog. Although not wanting to be bound by theory, more than about 1 ml of product may be needed to kill larger female frogs since they may withstand and may be capable of neu› tralizing the product due to females being more highly hydrated than male frogs. Although not wanting to be bound by theory, female frogs may retain more water in their bodies in order to keep their eggs hydrated. One having ordinary skill in the art will understand that methods and ratios used to industrialize large scale manufacturing protocols for these compositions is included in the spirit and scope of the inven› tion. (Note: By adding a sticker that is normally used in pesticides to any of the above solutions in the manner known by one of ordinary skill in the art of sticker products, the efficacy of this pesticide product may be improved by the reduction in surface tension brought about as a result of adding the sticker.) 

[0164] Formulation 4. ACS in Combination with Citric Acid. 

[0165] Citric acid is currently the only substance approved by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) for use against Coqui frogs. Although not wanting to be bound by theory, ACS can be used to extend and potentiate citric acid and make a solution that is equally if not more effective at a cheaper price. In one embodiment, about 14 grams of citric acid can be added to about 10 ml ACS 100 or about 10 ml of sulfuric acid or about 18 grams ofACS-P 50 andabout200 ml of water. The pH of this solution can be increased to about pH 2.0 by adding sodium propionate. In a preferred embodiment, the concentration range of the citric acid is in the range of about 5 .0% to about 20%, and the pH is in the range of about 1.0 to about 3.0. In the most preferred embodiment, the con› centration range of the salt of propionic acid is in the range of about 9 .5% to about 10.5%, and the pH is in the range of about 

