## 2. FMD surveillance zone 

Commonly known as the Yellow Zone or Buffer zone: These are areas at the interface of the FMD prone areas (Red Zones) and FMD free areas (green zones). 

## 3. FMD free/Non-vaccinated zone (green Zone) 

The country has one large FMD free zone which covers approximately two thirds (2/3) of the country. The free zone is resident to approximately 85% of the national livestock population. The zone covers a vast area of approximately 840 km long and 560 km wide. FMD free zone comprises of geographic disease control zones: 3c (Dukwi), 3c (Maitengwe), 4a, 4b, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13. The FMD free zone is bordered by the FMD free zone of South Africa in the South and South-East and the FMD free zone of Namibia to the West. Zimbabwe which is an infected country and zone 7 are to the North East, and geographic disease control zones 2, 3b and Makgadikgadi National Park (MNP) to the North. 13 

In addition to these zones, there are stock free zones such as wildlife areas (National Parks and Game Reserves). These zones are separated by a double cordon fence, with one line being a 2.4 meter game proof fence and another one being a standard 1.5 meter cattle fence. However, in areas colonised by elephants, the DVS has decided that game proof fences not be used, rather standard fences (shorter) be used instead, so as to minimise damage to fences by elephants. 14  Most of the cordon fences are in the northern parts of the country which are predominantly FMD free zones with vaccination and are highly susceptible to FMD outbreaks due to presence of buffaloes in those areas. 15 

