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[Chemical Formula 32] 

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In the formulae, R 1 , Z, Q, p and M+ are the same as defined above; X 01 represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent; R$^{21 }$represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent; X$^{02 }$repre› sents an alkylene group which may have a substituent; and R $^{22 }$represents an aromatic group which may have a substitu› ent. 1 

In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-5), R , Z, Q, p andM+ are the same as defined for R 1,z, Q, p and M+ in the formula (I-1 ). 

In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-5), X$^{01 }$represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent. Specific examples of the alkylene group which may have a substituent include the same "linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups" and "aliphatic hydrocarbon group con› taining a ring in the structure thereof’ as those described above for the "divalent hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent" for X. As X 01 , a single bond or an ethylene group is particularly desirable. 

In the formulae (I-1-1) to (I-1-3), R$^{21 }$represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent. The 55 alkylene group for R$^{21 }$which may have a substituent is the same groups as those described above for R $^{2 }$in the formula (I-1). As R 21 , a single bond or a methylene group is particu› larly desirable. 

In the formula (I-1-3), X$^{02 }$represents an alkylene group 60 which may have a substituent, and specific examples thereof include the same "linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups" and "aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a ring in the structure thereof’ as those described above for the "divalent hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent" 65 for X in the formula (I-1). As X 02 , an ethylene group is particularly desirable. 

In the formulae (I-1-4) and (I-1-5), R$^{22 }$represents an aro› matic group which may have a substituent. The aromatic group for R$^{22 }$which may have a substituent is the same groups as those described above for R $^{2 }$in the formula (I-1 ). As R 22 , a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been removed from a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, or a group in which two or more hydrogen atoms have been removed from quinoline are particularly preferable. 

[Structural Units Constituting Polymeric Compound] 

The main chain of the polymeric compound (Al) which has an anion moiety on at least one terminal thereof is not particularly limited, and is preferably formed by cleavage of the ethylenic double bond (C=C). The polymeric compound (Al) preferably contains a structural unit derived from a compound having an ethylenic double bond. 

In the present description, the expression "structural unit derived from a compound having an ethylenic double bond" refers to a structural unit that is formed by the cleavage of the ethylenic double bond of the compound having an ethylenic double bond. 

Examples of the compound having an ethylenic double bond include acrylic acid or an ester thereof which may have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-po› sition substituted with a substituent, acrylamide or a deriva› tive thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent, styrene or a derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substi› tuted with a substituent, a vinylnaphthalene or a derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent, a cycloolefin or a derivative thereof, and a vinylsulfonate ester. 

Among these, acrylic acid or an ester thereof which may have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position substituted with a substituent, acrylamide or a derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent, styrene or a derivative thereof in which the hydro› gen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent, and a vinylnaphthalene or a derivative thereof in which the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position may be substituted with a substituent are preferable, and an acrylate ester which may have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position substituted with a substituent is more preferable. 

An "acrylate ester" refers to a compound in which the terminal hydrogen atom of the carboxy group of acrylic acid (CH$_{2}$=CH-COOH) has been substituted with an organic group. 

In the present specification, an acrylate ester having the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position substituted with a substituent is sometimes referred to as "a-substituted acrylate ester". Further, acrylate esters and a-substituted acrylate esters are collectively referred to as "( a-substituted) acrylate ester". 

Examples of the substituent bonded to the carbon atom on the a-position of an a-substituted acrylate ester include a halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and a hydroxyalkyl group. With respect to the "structural unit derived from an acrylate ester", the "a-position (the carbon atom on the a-position)" refers to the carbon atom having the carbonyl group bonded thereto, unless specified otherwise. 

Examples of the halogen atom as the substituent on the a-position include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bro› mine atom and an iodine atom. 

Specific examples of the alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms for the substituent on the a-position include linear or 

