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ability to allow fluids to flow through them — Core has applied nanotechnologies to develop a new service that precisely measures ultra-low permeabilities, such as those in the liquids-rich Bakken, Eagle Ford, and Permian Basin formations. 

Nano-Perm ™  technology uses steady-state, inert-gas flow dynamics (Figure 4) to generate data sets from which nanoscale permeabilities can be precisely determined. These measured and calculated data sets are far superior to conventional permeability estimates from digitally imaged nanometer cubes. Core’s Nano-Perm instrumentation, has pressure ratings to 10,000 psi. 

Reservoir fluids recovered from tight-oil reservoirs — the crude oil, natural gas, NGLs, and formation waters — are also characterized for their specific properties. The compositions of the crude oil and associated NGLs, which can differ from well to well, determine the value of the hydrocarbons in the formation. Also, the prop- erties of the formation waters need to be determined to ensure that the reservoir will not be damaged during well completion and stimulation. 

In the laboratory, Core’s geologists, engi- neers, and technicians work with their client-company counterparts to design analytical programs that completely characterize the reservoir properties and the producing potential of cored zones. A typical analytical program would include tests and procedures such as those listed in Table A. 

Because tight-oil reservoir rocks have extremely low permeability — the 

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