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iii) Based on the information collected and assessed under the other objectives, provide a list of possible actions to be implemented by EFSA and at least five high level recommendations for multi-annual, multi-partner studies or projects, each supported by a SWOT or equivalent analysis. 

## Objective 7: Identifying communication opportunities 

i) Identify opportunities for communication in the area of systems-based ERA at European level, relying on social research methods and tools that provide societal insights (incl. awareness, understanding, risk perceptions, expectations, sentiment analysis). Such insights should be generated to inform any future communication and engagement efforts in this area of work. 

## OBJECTIVES FOR LOT 2 

## • Development of roadmap for action on new approach methodologies in risk assessment 

The main objective of the roadmap for action for this lot is to define EFSA priorities regarding the incorporation of new approach methodologies (NAMs) in regulatory hazard assessments and risk characterisations of chemicals in food and feed, and to define a multiannual strategy for increasing the use of NAMs in EFSA human health risk assessment to minimise the need for animal-based verification studies, so that by 2027 the large majority of EFSA requests for additional data are based on NAMs. The following objectives should be read alongside the theme paper on new approach methodologies in risk assessment ( Annex 4 ). 

The specific objectives for lot 2 are: 

## Objective 1: Refining the problem formulation proposed in the offer 

i) Provide a refined problem formulation to address the objectives of the theme paper (Annex 4) to be achieved focusing on: 

a) understanding mechanistic-based risk characterisation of chemicals and evolution of the risk assessment paradigm to identify susceptible population groups; 

b) identifying key issues for understanding and evaluating the outcome of NAM- based studies and their relevance for the risk assessment; 

c) principles for ‘ validation and acceptance ’  in the regulatory science context of non-standardised studies with ad-hoc design. 

ii) Provide a refined workplan (milestones, timelines, etc) describing and potentially refining the methodology proposed in the offer and that will be used to achieve all subsequent objectives (2-7). 

