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[0179] [In the formulae, R’ 201 ’s each independently rep› resent a hydrogen atom, a cyclic group which may have a substituent, a chain alkyl group which may have a substitu› ent, or a chain alkenyl group which may have a substituent.] 120 

[0180] In Formulae (ca-r-1) to (ca-r-1O), R 1,s each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a cyclic group which may have a substituent, a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent, or a chain alkenyl group which may have a substituent. 

[0181] Cyclic group which may have substituent: 

[0182] It is preferable that the cyclic group be a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aliphatic hydrocar› bon group. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group indicates a hydrocarbon group that has no aromaticity. Further, the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be saturated or unsatu› rated. In general, it is preferable that the aliphatic hydrocar› bon group be saturated. 1201 

[0183] The aromatic hydrocarbon group of R is a hydrocarbon group having an aromatic ring. The number of carbon atoms in the aromatic hydrocarbon group is prefer› ably in a range of 3 to 30, more preferably in a range of 5 to 30, still more preferably in a range of 5 to 20, particularly preferably in a range of 6 to 15, and most preferably in a range of 6 to 10. Here, the number of carbon atoms thereof does not include the number of carbon atoms in the sub› stituent. 

[0184] Specific examples of the aromatic ring contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group of R 1201 include benzene, fluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, biphenyl, an aromatic hetero ring in which part of the carbon atoms constituting any of these aromatic rings have been substi› tuted with hetero atoms, and a ring in which some hydrogen atoms constituting any of these aromatic rings or aromatic hetero rings have been substituted with an oxo group. Examples of the hetero atom in the aromatic hetero rings include an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a nitrogen atom. 

[0185] Specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group of R’ 201 include a group (an aryl group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an anthracenyl group) formed by removing one hydrogen atom from the aromatic ring; a group (an arylalkyl group such as a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a 1-naphthylmethyl group, a 2-naphthyl› methyl group, a 1-naphthylethyl group, or a 2-naphthylethyl group) in which one hydrogen atom in the aromatic ring has been substituted with an alkylene group; a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from a ring (such as anthra› quinone) in which some hydrogen atoms constituting the aromatic ring have been substituted with an oxo group and the like; and a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic hetero ring (such as 9H-thioxanthene or 9H-thioxanthen-9-one). The alkylene group (an alkyl chain in the arylalkyl group) preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atom, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 carbon atom. 

[0186] Examples of the cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group of R’ 201 include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group con› taining a ring in the structure thereof. 

-continued 

[ca-r-10] 

[0187] Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group con› taining a ring in the structure thereof include an alicyclic hydrocarbon group ( a group formed by removing one hydro› gen atom from an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring), a group in which an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is bonded to the terminal of a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and a group in which an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is interposed in a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group. 

[0188] The alicyclic hydrocarbon group preferably has 3 to 20 carbon atoms and more preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms. 

[0189] The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be a poly› cyclic group or a monocyclic group. As the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a group formed by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from a monocycloalkane is preferable. The number of carbon atoms of the monocy› cloalkane is preferably in a range of 3 to 6, and specific examples of such a monocycloalkane include cyclopentane and cyclohexane. As the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a group formed by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from a polycycloalkane is preferable, and the number of carbon atoms of the polycycloalkane is preferably in a range of 7 to 30. Among polycycloalkanes, a polycycloal› kane having a bridged ring polycyclic skeleton, such as adamantane, norbomane, isobornane, tricyclodecane, or tet› racyclododecane, and a polycycloalkane having a fused ring polycyclic skeleton, such as a cyclic group having a steroid skeleton are more preferable. 

[0190] Among these examples, as the cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group of R 1201 , a group formed by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from a monocycloalkane or a polycycloalkane is preferable, a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from a polycycloalkane is more prefer› able, an adamantyl group or a norbornyl group is particularly preferable, and an adamantyl group is most preferable. 

[0191] The number of carbon atoms in the linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may be bonded to an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably in a range of 1 to 10, more preferably in a range of 1 to 6, still more preferably in a range of 1 to 4, and most preferably in a range of 1 to 3. 

[0192] As the linear aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a linear alkylene group is preferable, and specific examples thereof include a methylene group [-CH 2 -], an ethylene group [-(CH 2 ) 2 -], a trimethylene group [-(CH 2 )$_{3}$ -], a tetram› ethylene group [-(CH 2 )$_{4}$ -] and a pentamethylene group [-(CH2)s-l- 

[0193] As the branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a branched alkylene group is preferable, and specific examples thereof include alkylalkylene groups, for example, alkylmethylene groups such as -CH(CH$_{3}$ )-, --CH (CH 2 CH$_{3}$)-, ----C(CH$_{3}$ ) 2 -, ----C(CH$_{3}$)(CH 2 CH$_{3}$)-, ----C(CH$_{3}$)(CH 2 CH 2 CH$_{3}$)-, and ----C(CH 2 CH$_{3}$ ) 2 -; alkyl› ethylene groups such as ----CH(CH$_{3}$)CH 2 -, -CH(CH$_{3}$)CH (CH$_{3}$ )-, -C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 -, -CH(CH 2 CH$_{3}$)CH 2 -, and ----C(CH 2 CH$_{3}$ ) 2 ----CH 2 -; alkyltrimethylene groups such as ----CH(CH$_{3}$)CH 2 CH 2 - and ----CH 2 CH(CH$_{3}$)CH 2 -; and alkyltetramethylene groups such as -CH(CH$_{3}$ ) CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - and -CH 2 CH(CH$_{3}$)CH 2 CH 2 -. As the alkyl group in the alkylalkylene group, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable. 

