To work with the collections in a schema, use the db  global object to access the current schema. In this example we are using the world_x  schema imported previously, and the countryinfo  collection. Therefore, the format of the operations you issue is db. collection_name .operation , where collection_name  is the name of the collection which the operation is executed against. In the following examples, the operations are executed against the countryinfo  collection. 

## Add a Document 

Use the add()  method to insert one document or a list of documents into an existing collection. Insert the following document into the countryinfo  collection. As this is multi-line content, press Enter  twice to insert the document. 

mysql-py> db.countryinfo.add(  { "GNP": .6, "IndepYear": 1967, "Name": "Sealand", "Code:": "SEA", "demographics": { "LifeExpectancy": 79, "Population": 27 }, "geography": { "Continent": "Europe", "Region": "British Islands", "SurfaceArea": 193 }, "government": { "GovernmentForm": "Monarchy", "HeadOfState": "Michael Bates" } } ) 

The method returns the status of the operation. You can verify the operation by searching for the document. For example: 

mysql-py> db.countryinfo.find("Name = ’Sealand’") { "GNP": 0.6, "_id": "00005e2ff4af00000000000000f4", "Name": "Sealand", "Code:": "SEA", "IndepYear": 1967, "geography": { "Region": "British Islands", "Continent": "Europe", "SurfaceArea": 193 }, "government": { "HeadOfState": "Michael Bates", "GovernmentForm": "Monarchy" }, "demographics": { "Population": 27, "LifeExpectancy": 79 } } 

Note that in addition to the fields specified when the document was added, there is one more field, the _id . Each document requires an identifier field called _id . The value of the _id  field must be unique among all documents in the same collection. In MySQL 8.0.11 and higher, document IDs are generated by the server, not the client, so MySQL Shell does not automatically set an _id  value. A MySQL server at 

