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## NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (RMB AND US$ AMOUNTS EXPRESSED IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA) 

## 8.3 Research and development costs 

Research and development costs recognized as an expense in the statement of profit or loss amounted to Rmb 468,612 (US$76,569) (2012: Rmb 373,732; 2011: Rmb 328,140). 

## 8.4 Finance costs 

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## 8.5 Staff costs 

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Note: 

(i) As stipulated by the regulations of the PRC, Yuchai and its subsidiaries participate in defined contribution retirement plans organized by Guangxi Regional Government and Beijing City Government for its staff. All staff are entitled to an annual pension equal to a fixed proportion of their final basic salary amount at their retirement date. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, Yuchai and its subsidiaries were required to make contributions to the retirement plan at a rate of 20.0% of the basic salary of their staff. Expenses incurred in connection with the plan were Rmb 239,723 (US$39,170) (2012: Rmb 254,101; 2011: Rmb 239,253). 

Yuchai and its subsidiaries have no obligation for the payment of pension benefits or any other post-retirement benefits beyond the annual contributions described above. 

