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8 Quale? 

Quale  means ‘which’ (or sometimes ‘what’). It is used either as an adjective or as a pronoun, and therefore agrees with the noun it refers to: qual e , ‘which (one)’, qual i , ‘which (ones)’. The use of quale  rather than che  usually implies that there is a choice, as for example if there are some books lying on the table: Quale libro leggi?  ‘Which book are you reading?’: 

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* Qual  (without an apostrophe) is used before the forms of essere  starting with a vowel; used in this way, it sometimes means ‘what’ rather than ‘which’. 

9 As is seen in some of the examples in paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 7, cosa , che cosa , come , dove  and quanto  can also be shortened before the forms of essere starting with a vowel, becoming cos’ , che cos’ , com’ , dov’  and quant’  (all with an apostrophe): 

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