 Deficiencies in cattle the traceability and identification system used in the FMD high risk zones. 

## Recommendations 

The DVS should; 

 Strengthen its farmer outreach strategies aimed at enhancing farmer awareness, participation and cooperation in FMD control, necessary for achieving adequate vaccination coverage. 

 Fully involve farmers not only in execution but also in planning for vaccination campaigns which could help in improving cattle turnout during vaccination campaigns. 

 Strengthen supervision and coordination at district level to ensure full compliance with surveillance plans necessary for early detection of FMD as well as enhancing credibility of FMD status of different zones. 

 Ensure that surveillance plans are fully integrated into district level plans to ensure harmony with other activities (at district level) as well as to ensure efficiency in resource utilisation. 

 Provide adequate budget provisions so that cordon fences are continuously maintained to ensure effective control of movement of both cattle and wild animals to prohibited areas thus minimising the risk of an FMD outbreak. 

 Continue exploring (in collaboration with other relevant Ministries and farmers) options of devising an effective long term strategy that will help minimise damages to fences caused by elephants. 

 Expedite the implementation of Botswana Animal Information and Traceability System in the entire country to complement the current branding system and ensure better livestock traceability and identification. 

