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Note that geometric fluctuations reduce charm quark quenching in Fig. 4.6 relative to the fixed L = 5 fm case in Fig. 4.5. This is seen even more dramatically for gluons in Fig. 4.7: the overquenching of gluons in Fig. 4.5 is reduced by a factor ∼ 2 when geometric fluctuations are taken into account. Nevertheless, even with path fluctuations the gluons are still quenched by a factor of 10 when elastic energy loss is included in addition to radiative. 

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The amplified role of elastic energy loss is due to its smaller width for fluctuations relative to radiative fluctuations. Even in moderately opaque me- dia with L/λ ∼ 10, inelastic energy loss fluctuations are large because only 

