content_image/539123.jpg
$^{2}$Departure fix 

$^{3}$Intermediate fix (turning point) 

$^{4}$Arrival fix 

$^{5}$Destination airport 

ORD$^{1}$ IOW$^{2}$ KP49G$^{3}$ KD34U$^{4}$ KL16O$^{5}$ OAL$^{6}$ MOD2 7 SFO 8 

$^{1}$Departure airport 

$^{2}$Transition fix (pitch point) 

$^{3}$Minneapolis ARTCC waypoint 

$^{4}$Denver ARTCC waypoint 

$^{5}$Los Angeles ARTCC waypoint (catch point) 

$^{6}$Transition fix 

$^{7}$Arrival 

$^{8}$Destination airport 

6. Record latitude/longitude coordinates by four figures describing latitude in degrees and minutes followed by a solidus and five figures describing longitude in degrees and minutes. 

7. File at FL 390 or above for the random RNAV portion of the flight. 

8. Fly all routes/route segments on Great Circle tracks. 

9. Make any in-flight requests for random RNAV clearances or route amendments to an en route ATC facility. 

<img src='content_image/539123.jpg'>

Or: 

## Off-Airway Routes 

14 CFR Part 95 prescribes altitudes governing the operation of aircraft under IFR on Federal airways, jet routes, RNAV low or high altitude routes, and other direct routes for which a MEA is designated. In addition, it designates mountainous areas and COPs. Off-airway routes are established in the same manner and in accordance with the same criteria as airways and jet routes. If a pilot flies for a scheduled air carrier or operator for compensation or hire, any requests for the establishment of off-airway routes are initiated by the company through the principal operations inspector (POI) who works directly with the company and coordinates FAA approval. Air carrier authorized routes should be contained in the company’s Operations Specifications (OpSpecs) under the auspices of the air carrier operating certificate. [Figure 2-46] 

Off-airway routes predicated on public navigation facilities and wholly contained within controlled airspace are published as direct Part 95 routes. Off-airway routes predicated on privately owned navigation facilities or not contained wholly within controlled airspace are published as off-airway non-Part 95 routes. In evaluating the adequacy of off-airway routes, the following items are considered: the type of aircraft and navigation systems used; proximity to military bases, training areas, low level military routes; and the adequacy of communications along the route. 

Commercial operators planning to fly off-airway routes should have specific instructions in the company’s OpSpecs that address en route limitations and provisions regarding en route authorizations to use the GPS or other RNAV systems in the NAS. The company’s manuals and checklists should include practices and procedures for long-range navigation and training on the use of long range navigation equipment. Minimum equipment lists (MELs) and maintenance programs must address the long range navigation equipment. Examples of other selected areas requiring specialized en route authorization include the following: 

• Class I navigation in the United States Class A airspace using area of long range navigation system. 

• Class II navigation using multiple long range navigation systems. 

• Operations in central East Pacific airspace. 

• North Pacific operations. 

• Operations within North Atlantic (NAT) minimum navigation performance specifications (MNPS) airspace. 

