Closely Spaced Dependent Approaches. Identifies dependent approaches to parallel runways spaced less than 2,500 feet apart where ATC is permitted to apply reduced diagonal separation and special wake turbulence procedures. turbulence procedures. 

Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI). The display and user interface for information about air traffic within approximately 80 miles. It typically combines and shows traffic data from TCAS, TIS-B, and ADS-B. Depending on features, the display may also show terrain, weather, and navigation information. 

Collision Hazard. A condition, event, or circumstance that could induce an occurrence of a collision or surface accident or incident. 

Columns. See database columns. 

Contact Approach. An approach where an aircraft on an IFR flight plan, having an air traffic control authorization, operating clear of clouds with at least one mile flight visibility, and a reasonable expectation of continuing to the destination airport in those conditions, may deviate from the instrument approach procedure and proceed to the destination airport by visual reference to the surface. This approach is only authorized when requested by the pilot and the reported ground visibility at the destination airport is at least one statute mile. 

Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT). A situation where a mechanically normally functioning aircraft is inadvertently flown into the ground, water, or an obstacle. There are two basic causes of CFIT accidents; both involve flight crew situational awareness. One definition of situational awareness is an accurate perception by pilots of the factors and conditions currently affecting the safe operation of the aircraft and the crew. The causes of CFIT are the flight crews’ lack of vertical position awareness or their lack of horizontal position awareness in relation to terrain and obstacles. 

Database Columns. The spaces for data entry on each record. One column can accommodate one character. 

Database Field. The collection of characters needed to define one item of information. 

Database Identifier. A specific geographic point in space identified on an aeronautical chart and in a naviation database, officially designated by the controlling state authority or derived by Jeppesen. It has no ATC function and should not be used in filing flight plans nor used when communicating with ATC. 

Database Record. A single line of computer data made up of the fields necessary to define fully a single useful piece of data. 

Decision Altitude (DA). A specified altitude in the precision approach at which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established. The term “Decision Altitude (DA)” is referenced to mean sea level and the term “Decision Height (DH)” is referenced to the threshold elevation. Even though DH is charted as an altitude above MSL, the U.S. has adopted the term“DA” as a step toward harmonization of the United States and international terminology. At some point, DA will be published for all future instrument approach procedures with vertical guidance. 

Decision Height (DH). See Decision Altitude. 

Departure End of Runway (DER). The end of runway available for the ground run of an aircraft departure. The end of the runway that is opposite the landing threshold, sometimes referred to as the stop end of the runway. Altitude, velocity vector, and direction to all other aircraft and air traffic control facilities within a specific area. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) information is displayed in the flight deck via a cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI) unit, providing the pilot with greater situational awareness. ADS-B transmissions also provide controllers with a more complete picture of traffic and update that information more frequently than other surveillance equipment. 

Descend Via. A descend via clearance instructs you to follow the altitudes published on a STAR. You are not authorized to leave your last assigned altitude unless specifically cleared to do so. If ATC amends the altitude or route to one that is different from the published procedure, the rest of the charted descent procedure is canceled. ATC will assign you any further route, altitude, or airspeed clearances, as necessary. 

Digital ATIS (D-ATIS). An alternative method of receiving ATIS reports by aircraft equipped with datalink services capable of receiving information in the flight deck over their Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) unit. 

Digital Elevation Model (DEM). A digital representation of ground surface topography or terrain. 

