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Lay out the half of the wing you just worked on. If that side looks good, it means you can do the same thing to the other side of the chute. The same sequence of checking for twist direction, gathering the lines and then twisting the wing edge in the opposite direction of the twisted lines is completed on the second set of lines. It stands to reason that the twist will be in the opposite direction than the twist on the other set of lines you just cleared. 

There is a possibility that the side you are working on still doesn’t look right when you re-check it. If the lines still look twisted, then you probably flipped the wing the wrong way. The good news is that there are only the two types of line twists, clockwise and coun- terclockwise—with a little practice you will be able to recognize the twist well before you start handling the wing. 

## Line-Overs 

The line-over is one of the most dangerous things that can happen to the powered parachute wing. A line- over is exactly what it sounds like. Instead of the wing line going straight from the wing to the riser system, it takes a trip over the top of the wing first. This means that when the wing inflates, the suspension line that is over the top of the wing will pinch the wing together and prevent the proper inflation of the wing to pro- duce the airfoil necessary to achieve flight. If a line is over the top surface of the wing, the pilot risks serious injury or death if takeoff is attempted. To recognize a line-over before you take off, look for a line that is twisted with other lines on one or both sides of the wing. If you see that, your next step should be to in- spect the leading edge and top of the wing closely. If you see a line wrapped over the top, you have found your problem. 

Sometimes using the “stacked” method of laying out the wing during the final wing staging before flight versus the “inverted” method can inadvertently pro- duce a line-over on the top side of the wing as it in- flates. Also, “stuffing” the wing into the wing bag versus methodically folding the wing for storage can cause a line to become wrapped around the top of the wing mistakenly. [Figure 5-21] 

To correct a line-over, pull the fabric of the wing through the loop made by the line-over. To know which side to pull the noncompliant suspension line to, trace the line to its home line group (left or right riser) before you start pulling things around. Some- times the side will be easy to determine because the line-over is either close to the left or right edge of the 

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wing. When it is not, tracing it is the best way to save time and to determine the correct way to pull the wing fabric. 

## Preparing for Takeoff 

Wing inflation and kiting procedures are critical to a successful takeoff. Refer to Chapter 7 for informa- tion on how to lay out the wing, wing inflation, and kiting. 

## After Landing 

It is imperative to evaluate the field in which you in- tend to land, particularly because of the unique nature of the powered parachute wing, and what happens to it prior to landing. If the field is being used by other aircraft, taxi the powered parachute off the “active” area or runway surface while the wing remains kited. Ground taxiing with the wing kited takes a little prac- tice, but the flight instructor will make sure the stu- dent pilot has adequately mastered this skill prior to takeoff instruction. 

After the powered parachute has touched down, re- lease the flare on the wing ; this is done to prevent the aircraft from becoming airborne again. Not releasing the flare on landing is a critical and common mistake made by both new and seasoned PPC pilots. With the throttle at idle, the powered parachute begins to slow down to the point where the stream of air is not suf- ficient to maintain the wing’s pressurization. At this time, the engine must be shut down immediately; the consequences of not turning off the magnetos dur- ing the after-landing roll are detrimental to the well- being of the wing because the propeller will most likely chop the PPC lines. A turning propeller and the 

