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and needle move up and down penetrating the material and forming the stitch. This is generally the lightest duty of machines. The Singer 31-15 and Mitsubishi DB-130 are two examples of a drop feed. 

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The second type of machine is the “needle feed” machine. With this type, the needle bar moves in addition to the feed dog and helps move the material. This is a medium-duty machine. The Brother B-791 is an example of a “needle feed” machine. 

The third type of machine is a “compound feed” machine. This is a combination of the drop feed and needle feed along with an alternating presser foot. This is a more positive feed machine and is generally a medium-duty to heavy-duty machine. The Juki LU-563 and Consew 733R are good examples of “compound feed” machines. 

## Needles 

The needle is one of the smallest parts of the machine but is probably the most important. It is the source of the perfect stitch and also the most aggravation. The use of the correct type and size of needle is most important in proper operation of a sewing machine. Improper needles cause a machine to produce poor stitching and may damage the material, or the machine might not sew at all. Using the wrong needle can 

