## Glossary 

Absolute accuracy. The ability to determine present position in space independently, and is most often used by pilots. 

Absolute altitude.  The actual distance between an aircraft and the terrain over which it is flying. 

Absolute pressure.  Pressure measured from the reference of zero pressure, or a vacuum. 

A.C.  Alternating current. 

Acceleration error.  A magnetic compass error apparent when the aircraft accelerates while flying on an easterly or westerly heading, causing the compass card to rotate toward North. 

Accelerometer. A part of an inertial navigation system (INS) that accurately measures the force of acceleration in one direction. 

ADF.  See automatic direction finder. 

ADI.  See attitude director indicator. 

ADM.  See aeronautical decision-making. 

ADS–B. See automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast . 

Adverse yaw.  A flight condition at the beginning of a turn in which the nose of the aircraft starts to move in the direction opposite the direction the turn is being made, caused by the induced drag produced by the downward-deflected aileron holding back the wing as it begins to rise. 

Aeronautical decision-making (ADM). A systematic approach to the mental process used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances. 

A/FD.  See Airport/Facility Directory. 

Agonic line.  An irregular imaginary line across the surface of the Earth along which the magnetic and geographic poles are in alignment, and along which there is no magnetic variation. 

Aircraft approach category.  A performance grouping of aircraft based on a speed of 1.3 times the stall speed in the landing configuration at maximum gross landing weight. 

Air data computer (ADC). An aircraft computer that receives and processes pitot pressure, static pressure, and temperature to calculate very precise altitude, indicated airspeed, true airspeed, and air temperature. 

AIRMET.  Inflight weather advisory issued as an amendment to the area forecast, concerning weather phenomena of operational interest to all aircraft and that is potentially hazardous to aircraft with limited capability due to lack of equipment, instrumentation, or pilot qualifications. 

Airport diagram.  The section of an instrument approach procedure chart that shows a detailed diagram of the airport. This diagram includes surface features and airport configuration information. 

Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD). An FAA publication containing information on all airports, communications, and NAVAIDs. 

Airport surface detection equipment (ASDE). Radar equipment specifically designed to detect all principal features and traffic on the surface of an airport, presenting the entire image on the control tower console; used to augment visual observation by tower personnel of aircraft and/or vehicular movements on runways and taxiways. 

Airport surveillance radar (ASR). Approach control radar used to detect and display an aircraft’s position in the terminal area. 

