Figure 14 graphs the results of a study on the effect of polyphenol content on the Gl of sucrose in the form of traditional refined white sugar. With no polyphenol content the sugar had the Gl of sucrose (68). 15 mg CE/1 00 g polyphenols slightly lowered the Gl to about 66. 30 mg CE/1 00 g lowered the Gl to the low Gl of about 50 in accordance with the previous low Gl obtained in Figures 1 and 2 . Surprisingly an increase to 60 mg CE/100 g polyphenols lowered the Gl to less than about 20, which is a dramatic and unexpected drop in Gl. Finally, an increase in the polyphenol content to 120 mg CE/1 00 g resulted in a surprising and steep increase in the Gl to above about 68, which is at about or higher than the original Gl of the sucrose and unexpectedly indicates that the Gl lowering effect of the polyphenols is negligible at that dose. 

Figure 15 charts the results of a study on the effect of polyphenol content or polyphenol plus reducing sugar content on the Gl of sucrose in the form of traditional refined white sugar. 30, 60 and 120 mg CE/1 00g polyphenol content was tested and the results similar to those in Figure 3. Flowever, the Gl for 60 mg CE/1 00 g was shown to be about 15. Adding 0.6 % w/w reducing sugars (1:1 glucose to fructose) to the 30 mg CE/1 00 g polyphenols and sucrose sugar raised the Gl from 53 to 70. Adding 0.6 % w/w reducing sugars (1:1 glucose to fructose) to the 60 mg CE/1 00 g polyphenols and sucrose raised the Gl from 15 to 29. Adding 1.2% w/w reducing sugars (1:1 glucose to fructose) to the 120 mg CE/1 00 g polyphenols and sucrose increased the Gl from 65 to 75. The presence of reducing sugar consistently increased the Gl. 

Figure 16 graphs the Gl of several samples from Table 7 in Example 9. 

## Detailed description of the embodiments 

Reference will now be made in detail to certain embodiments of the invention. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the embodiments, it will be understood that the intention is not to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, which may be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. 

Further aspects of the present invention and further embodiments of the aspects described in the preceding paragraphs will become apparent from the following description, given by way of example. 

All of the patents and publications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. 

