## 3.4.2 ROUTINE FENCE MAINTENANCE AND PICKET PATROLS 

To ensure the effectiveness of cordon fences in controlling animal diseases, the DVS regularly maintains the fences. Each cordon fence has a number of camp sites for fence maintenance staff comprising fence erectors, gate keepers, store keepers and drivers. In between camps, there are pickets manned by picketers. Picketers patrol allocated fence sections, carry out minor repairs to the fence and chase away livestock from the cordon fence. Each patrol by a picketer is about 5 km or 10 km if on bicycle. District Offices supervise fence maintenance work and patrols through weekly visits to the fences, and ultimately report monthly on fence condition to DVS headquarters. During disease outbreaks, fence patrols are strengthened by joint fence and border patrols with the police and the army. 16 

## 3.4.3 QUARANTINES 

As part of the country’s zoning programme, the DVS has established 18 cattle quarantine camps to control animal movement into higher animal health status zones (green zones). These camps are large tracts of land, usually double fenced and divided into several paddocks with a central borehole and a crush pen. Animals are kept for 28 days and vaccinated against FMD at days one (1), 14 and 28. Quarantines are used for infected animals and suspected animals. Although these quarantine camps are not used to achieve a higher health status (FMD freedom), they indicate that the DVS is able to establish and maintain a form of compartmentalisation 17 . 

## 3.4.4 MOVEMENT CONTROLS 

In an FMD outbreak, quarantine and movement control are critical activities for an effective FMD response effort. Movement of infected animals, animal products, and contaminated fomites, are restricted to stop the spread of the 

