identifiers is effective for a region that surrounds every program. 

The introduction of a field identifier in a record type is effective for each of the following regions: 

(a) the record type itself; 

(b) the component statement of a with statement where the record variable of the with statement possesses that record type; and 

(c) the field-identifier part of a field designator where the record-variable part of the field designator possesses that record type. 

In the case of (c), the field-identifier part is excluded from all other enclosing scopes. 

The introduction of a parameter identifier in a parameter list (see Section 11.3.1) is effective for the parameter list. Furthermore, if the parameter list is in the procedure heading of a procedure declaration or in the function heading of a function declaration, then a variable identifier, bound identifier, procedure identifier, or function identifier that has the same spelling as the parameter identifier is introduced effective for the block of that procedure declaration or function declaration. 

## 10.3. Activations 

An activation of a program (see Section 13), or a procedure or function (see Section 11) is an activation of the block ofthe program, procedure, or function. 

An activation of a block is said to contain the following entities, which exist until the activation terminates. 

(a) An algorithm that is specified by the statement part of the block; the algorithm commences when the block is activated, and completion of the algorithm terminates the activation. (The activation might instead terminate due to a goto statement - see Section 9.1.3.) 

(b) A program-point in the algorithm corresponding to each label that prefixes a statement in the statement part of the block. Each appearance of that label in a goto statement within the activation denotes that program-point. 

(c) A variable for each variable identifier that is local to the block; when the algorithm commences, the variable is 

