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will describe at a high level the underlying causes of safety hazards and the means by which the ATO manages safety risk. 

The SRM process provides the framework to track a NAS change after it has been implemented, using Safety Assurance functions like assessments to determine whether controls and/or recommended safety requirements are performing as intended/designed. Refer to Figure 2.2 for a depiction of the relationship between SRM and Safety Assurance. 

## 2.1.3 SRM: Proactive and Reactive Hazard and Risk Reduction 

SRM is a formalized approach to integrated system safety. It both informs decision-makers about the potential hazards, safety risks, and ways to reduce risk associated with a particular proposal and identifies ways to mitigate existing hazards in the NAS. The methodology is applied to all NAS equipment, operations, and procedures to identify safety hazards and address risk. 

<img src='content_image/583794.jpg'>

It is important to understand that though the ATO uses SRM as a formal safety and risk assessment process, its philosophy is easily understood outside of the technical realm of aviation. For example, a person performs SRM each time he or she crosses the street. The individual identifies hazards (cars passing), analyzes and assesses the risk (potential to be 

