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## North America 

The North America segment is responsible for our chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery market position, as well as our grocery and growing snacks market positions, in the United States and Canada. This includes developing and growing our business in chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery, pantry, food service and other snacking product lines. North America accounted for 91.0%, 88.7% and 88.6% of our net sales in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. North America results for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were as follows: 

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## 2020 compared with 2019 

Net sales of our North America segment increased $334.9 million or 4.7% in 2020 compared to 2019, reflecting favorable price realization of 2.8% attributed to higher prices on certain products, a volume increase of 1.4% due to an increase in everyday core U.S. confection brands and our snacks portfolio and a 0.6% benefit from net acquisitions and divestitures (predominantly driven by the 2019 acquisition of ONE Brands, partially offset by the 2020 divestitures of Krave and the Scharffen Berger  and Dagoba  brands). These increases were partially offset by an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 0.1%. 

Our North America segment income increased $195.9 million or 9.2% in 2020 compared to 2019, primarily due to favorable price realization and volume increases, partially offset by higher supply chain-related costs, specifically, PPE costs, increased sanitation and wage incentives associated with COVID-19. 

## 2019 compared with 2018 

Net sales of our North America segment increased $180.2 million or 2.6% in 2019 compared to 2018, reflecting a favorable price realization of 2.0% attributed to higher prices on certain products and a benefit from net impact of acquisitions and divestitures of 1.4%. This was partially offset by a volume decrease of 0.7% and an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 0.1%. Our volume decline was driven primarily by pricing elasticity, as well as the introduction of new packaging formats during 2019. Excluding the Amplify, Pirate Brands and ONE Brands acquisitions and Tyrrells divestiture, our North America segment net sales increased 1.2%. 

Our North America segment income increased $105.8 million or 5.2% in 2019 compared to 2018, primarily due to favorable price realization, favorable sales mix and favorable commodity costs, partially offset by higher freight and logistics costs, higher supply chain-related costs and higher advertising expense. 

