## NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 (currencies in millions) 

Lease and guarantee periods generally range from three to seven years. Estimated useful lives of the equipment range from four to nine years. The Company reviews residual values of equipment on operating leases periodically to determine that recorded amounts are appropriate. 

Property, Plant and Equipment:  Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed principally by the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the various classes of assets. Certain production tooling is amortized on a unit of production basis. 

Long-lived Assets, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: The Company evaluates the carrying value of property, plant, equipment and other intangible assets when events and circumstances warrant a review. Goodwill is tested for impairment at least on an annual basis. Impairment charges were insignificant during the three years ended December 31, 2011. 

Product Support Liabilities: Product support liabilities are estimated future payments related to product warranties, optional extended warranties and repair and maintenance (R&M) contracts. The Company generally offers one-year warranties covering most of its vehicles and related aftermarket parts. Specific terms and conditions vary depending on the product and the country of sale. Optional extended warranty and R&M contracts can be purchased for periods which generally range up to five years. Warranty expenses and reserves are estimated and recorded at the time products or contracts are sold based on historical data regarding the source, frequency and cost of claims, net of any recoveries. PACCAR periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded liabilities and adjusts them as appropriate to reflect actual experience. 

Derivative Financial Instruments: Derivative financial instruments are used to hedge exposures to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. Certain derivative instruments designated as either cash flow hedges or fair value hedges are subject to hedge accounting. Derivative instruments that are not subject to hedge accounting are held as economic hedges. The Company’s policies prohibit the use of derivatives for speculation or trading. At inception of each hedge relationship, the Company documents its risk management objectives, procedures and accounting treatment. 

The Company has elected not to offset derivative positions in the balance sheet with the same counterparty under the same master netting agreements. The Company is not required to post or receive collateral under these agreements. Exposure limits and minimum credit ratings are used to minimize the risks of counterparty default. The Company had no material exposures to default at December 31, 2011. 

The Company uses regression analysis to assess effectiveness of interest-rate contracts on a quarterly basis. For foreign-exchange contracts, the Company performs quarterly assessments to ensure that critical terms continue to match. All components of the derivative instrument’s gain or loss are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Gains or losses on the ineffective portion of cash flow hedges are recognized currently in earnings. Hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively when the Company determines that a derivative financial instrument has ceased to be a highly effective hedge. 

Foreign Currency Translation:  For most of PACCAR’s foreign subsidiaries, the local currency is the functional currency. All assets and liabilities are translated at year-end exchange rates and all income statement amounts are translated at the weighted average rates for the period. Translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). PACCAR uses the U.S. dollar as the functional currency for all but one of its Mexican subsidiaries, which uses the local currency. For the U.S. functional currency entities in Mexico, inventories, cost of sales, property, plant and equipment and depreciation are remeasured at historical rates and resulting adjustments are included in net income. 

