1 edition of Integrated design and analysis of aerospace structures found in the catalog.
Integrated design and analysis of aerospace structures
Includes bibliographical references.
|Statement||sponsored by the Structures and Materials Committee of the Aerospace Division ; edited by R. F. Hartung.|
|Contributions||Hartung, R. F., American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Aerospace Division. Structures and Materials Committee.|
|LC Classifications||TL671.2 .I57|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||v, 112 p. :|
|Number of Pages||112|
|LC Control Number||75030246|
Aerospace systems research at Illinois focuses on designing and analyzing complex systems, using a combination of theoretical, computational, and experimental techniques. These methods come from many disciplines, such as aerodynamics, propulsion, optimization, controls, simulation, network theory, and data-driven modeling. Structural analysis and optimization are a key parts of the design and development process in the aerospace industry. Altair’s OptiStruct, an industry proven structural analysis solver for both linear and nonlinear problems, and a market leader for structural design optimization, can be adapted early in the design process and continued to be.
integrated design, engineering, and manufacturing firm specializing in Aviation, Aerospace, and Defense. For over 25 years, Leading Edge Composites (LEC) has been at the forefront of composite development and manufacturing, supplying lightweight, state of the art parts for aircraft manufacturers, military research and other structural applications. A history of aircraft structures from the early beginnings of wire-and-brace structures, to semi-monocoque and modern sandwich construction. " As an undergraduate studying aerospace engineering, I have to say this blog is a great resource for gaining extra history and.
well as the methodology, are equally applicable to any of the major structural items on the aircraft such including the wings, nacelles and empennage. 2. Methodology Automated Design of Fuselage Sections. Figure 1 illustrates an existing integrated, parametric design framework for use in the conceptual development of. Description. New edition updated with additional exercises and two new chapters.. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures, 2nd Edition builds on the first edition and includes two new chapters on composite fittings and the design of a composite panel, as well additional exercises. The book enables graduate students and engineers to generate.
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: aerospace structures. Skip to main content. Try Prime All Go Search EN Hello, Sign in Account & Lists Sign in Account & Lists Orders Try Prime Cart. Today's Deals Your Get this from a library. Integrated design and analysis of aerospace structures: presented at the winter annual meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Houston, Texas, November December 5, [R F Hartung; American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Aerospace Division. Structures and Materials Committee.;]. Triumph Aerospace Structures integrates a rich legacy with innovative technology, manufacturing and tooling to create state of the art metallic and composite aircraft structures.
We design, engineer, manufacture and assemble large complex structures, sub-systems and close-tolerance parts for military, commercial and industrial OEMs.
Abstract. This chapter presents some of the important aspects in the design and analysis of aircraft structures. These important aspects are related to material selection, structural configuration, loads evaluation, static strength and deflection estimation, static stability evaluation, fatigue and fracture effects, aeroelastic considerations, and influence of dynamic by: 2.
Aerospace structures are quite complex since they must respect many and often conflicting requirements: they must be light but resistant, durable and, in a word, safe. Among the many consequences, this statement means that, from a structural design point of view, such a system must be designed in order to accurately distribute the mass in the region where it is necessary, since any.
Design and Analysis of a Stiffened Integrated design and analysis of aerospace structures book Structure Repair Concept Adam Przekop 52nd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference June This is a textbook for teaching structural analysis of aerospace structures.
It can be used for 3rd and 4th year students in aerospace engineering, as well as for 1st and 2nd year graduate students in aerospace and mechanical s: 6.
structural analysis and design field. In Chapter 4, the concepts and architectural elements of engineering KBES's are synthesized into a knowledge representation scheme for development of expert systems for the integrated software package for structural analysis and design optimization of aerospace structures.
Solution Manual for Structural Analysis: Using Classical and Matrix Methods, 4th Edition, Jack C McCormac, ISBN: Pearson - structural steel design, 5/e - jack c mccormac GENERAL REFERENCES ON STRUCTURAL STABILITY GENERAL REFERENCES ON STRUCTURAL STABILITY Shanley, F R, (), Weight-Strength Analysis of Aircraft Structures.
introduction to aerospace structural analysis Download introduction to aerospace structural analysis or read online books in PDF, EPUB, Tuebl, and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online button to get introduction to aerospace structural analysis book now.
This site is like a library, Use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Structural Analysis: With Applications to - This is a textbook for teaching structural analysis of aerospace structures.
Introduction to Aerospace Structural Analysis David H. Allen. Paperback. Solutions (8th Ed Structural Analysis) Chapter 8 - 14 and 16. solutions manual about Structural Analysis 8ed Hibbeler please:) Solutions (8th Ed Structural Analysis) Chapter 16 Im Hong.
The emergence of composite material application in major commercial aircraft design, represented by the Boeing and Airbus AXWB, signals a new era in the aerospace industry. The high stiffness to weight ratio of continuous fiber composites (CFC) makes CFCs one of the most important materials to be introduced in modern aircraft industry.
Aerospace Structures for Engineers. or no, exposure to thin-walled structural analysis. Practicing engineers will also benefit from the integration approach to obtain very impressive and.
TOP 10 AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING & AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE. This book provides an introduction to the discipline of aerospace structures and materials. It is the first book to date that includes all relevant aspects of this discipline within a single monologue.
These aspects range from materials, manufacturing and processing techniques, to structures, design principles and structural performance, including aspects like durability and safety.
The AIAA Education Series publishes books that are adopted for classroom use in many of the top undergraduate and graduate engineering programs around the world. These important texts are also referred to on a daily basis by aeronautics and astronautics professionals who want to expand their knowledge and expertise.
Integrated structural analysis and design systems and structural optimization procedures are being used in a production environment. Successful use of these systems requires experienced personnel. Interactive computer graphics can and will play a significant role in the analysis, optimization, design and manufacturing areas.
New edition updated with additional exercises and two new chapters. Design and Analysis of Composite Structures: With Applications to Aerospace Structures, 2nd Edition builds on the first edition and includes two new chapters on composite fittings and the design of a composite panel, as well additional exercises.
The book enables graduate students and engineers to generate meaningful and. It is the first book to date that includes all relevant aspects of this discipline within a single monologue. These aspects range from materials, manufacturing and processing techniques, to structures, design principles and structural performance, including aspects like durability and safety.
Get this from a library. Integrated design analysis and optimisation of aircraft structures = L'Analyse intégrale de la conception et l'optimisation des structures des aéronefs.
[North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development.;]. Now covering both conventional and unmanned systems, this is a significant update of the definitive book on aircraft system design Design and Development of Aircraft Systems, Second Edition is for people who want to understand how industry develops the customer requirement into a fully integrated, tested, and qualified product that is safe to fly and fit for purpose.Aircraft Structures for engineering students Fourth Edition Solutions Manual T.
H. G. Megson. This page intentionally left blank. SolutionHtex 24/1/ 9: 28 Page 3 Solutions Manual Solutions to Chapter 1 Problems S The principal stresses are given directly by Eqs () and () in which.College of Engineering - Purdue University.


My favourite planes are those with glass cockpits, although I am starting to fall in love with steam gauge dials and the older aircraft such as the Grumman Goose which I have just started flying. But having a modern aircraft just means you can kick in the autopilot and just take in the amazing scenery. Having Garmin in the glass cockpits allows you to do just that, and it’s relatively easy to do, however the G3000 is easier to use I think than the G1000.
I will post something for those who need a bit of help setting up the Garmin without having to read the whole manual. But here is a list of which planes have the Garmin and which model they have.
Pipistrel Virus SW121
Textron Aviation Beechcraft Baron G58
Pilatus PC-6/B2-H4 Turbo Porter G950
CubCrafters X Cub
Diamond Aircraft DA40NG
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Textron Aviation Beechcraft King Air 350i
Textron Aviation Cessna 172 Skyhawk
Textron Aviation 208 B Grand Caravan EX
Textron Aviation Cessna Citation CJ4
JMB Aircraft VL-3
Freedom Fox Kitseries 5 STi (Freedom Fox / Fox2)
Textron Aviation Cessna Citation Longitude


The Civil Aviation Authority has charged David Henderson with the fatal light plane crash which killed footballer Emiliano Sala.
Emiliano had just signed with Cardiff City when he died after an aircraft crashed into the English Channel in January last year. CAA accused Henderson, 66, for acting in a “reckless/negligent” way and charged him with two offences under the Air Navigation Order.
CAA director Richard Stephenson said: “The UK Civil Aviation Authority has commenced a prosecution of David Henderson for offences associated with the fatal light aircraft accident over the English Channel in January 2019.
“It will be inappropriate for the CAA to say anything further until the case is concluded.“
The 28-year-old footballer and pilot David Ibbotson, 59, crashed on in a US-registered Piper Malibu PA-46 aircraft on their way from France to Wales. Sala`s body was found in the wreckage off Guernsey by the pilot`s body was never found.
The single-engine aircraft “suffered an in-flight break-up while manoeuvring at an airspeed significantly in excess of its design manoeuvring speed,” investigators found.
Sala’s mother, Mercedes Taffarel, welcomed David Henderson`s prosecution but was disappointed it will significantly lengthen the inquest into her son`s death.
She “remains desperate to know the full truth about how this could have been allowed to happen, and urges the CAA to proceed with its criminal prosecution as swiftly as possible, so an inquest can be held to establish this, and that similar deaths are prevented.”


The Indian Space Research Organisation has made a big name for itself and the country. It is part of only six government space agencies in the world that have full launch capabilities, has its own cryogenic engine technology, the ability to launch long-term missions, and operate massive fleets of satellites.
But if Chandrayaan-3 goes according to plan, India will enter an even more exclusive club—that of the countries that have successfully carried out a soft-landing on the Moon. Currently, it has only three members—the United States, Russia (when it was the Soviet Union) and China.
Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-on mission to Chandrayaan-2 to demonstrate end-to-end capability in safe landing and roving on the lunar surface. It consists of Lander and Rover configuration. It will be launched by LVM3 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The propulsion module will carry the lander and rover configuration till 100 km lunar orbit. The propulsion module has Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload to study the spectral and Polari metric measurements of Earth from the lunar orbit.
Lander payloads: Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) to measure the thermal conductivity and temperature; Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) for measuring the seismicity around the landing site; Langmuir Probe (LP) to estimate the plasma density and its variations. A passive Laser Retroreflector Array from NASA is accommodated for lunar laser ranging studies.
Rover payloads: Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) for deriving the elemental composition in the vicinity of landing site.
The Virtual Telescope Project, based in Manciano, Italy, has captured an extraordinary video of India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission flying through space on its journey to the Moon. The spacecraft was observed at an altitude of 341 kilometers from Earth.
The Virtual Telescope Project, renowned for its real-time coverage and sharing of significant celestial phenomena, has once again demonstrated its prowess with this latest capture.
Chandrayaan-3 consists of an indigenous Lander module (LM), Propulsion module (PM) and a Rover with an objective of developing and demonstrating new technologies required for Inter planetary missions. The Lander will have the capability to soft land at a specified lunar site and deploy the Rover which will carry out in-situ chemical analysis of the lunar surface during the course of its mobility. The Lander and the Rover have scientific payloads to carry out experiments on the lunar surface. The main function of PM is to carry the LM from launch vehicle injection till final lunar 100 km circular polar orbit and separate the LM from PM. Apart from this, the Propulsion Module also has one scientific payload as a value addition which will be operated post separation of Lander Module. The launcher identified for Chandrayaan-3 is GSLV-Mk3 which will place the integrated module in an Elliptic Parking Orbit (EPO) of size ~170 x 36500 km.
The mission objectives of Chandrayaan-3 are:
- To demonstrate Safe and Soft Landing on Lunar Surface
- To demonstrate Rover roving on the moon and
- To conduct in-situ scientific experiments.
To achieve the mission objectives, several advanced technologies are present in Lander such as,
- Altimeters: Laser & RF based Altimeters
- Velocimeters: Laser Doppler Velocimeter & Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera
- Inertial Measurement: Laser Gyro based Inertial referencing and Accelerometer package
- Propulsion System: 800N Throttleable Liquid Engines, 58N attitude thrusters & Throttleable Engine Control Electronics
- Navigation, Guidance & Control (NGC): Powered Descent Trajectory design and associate software elements
- Hazard Detection and Avoidance: Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera and Processing Algorithm
- Landing Leg Mechanism.
To demonstrate the above said advanced technologies in earth condition, several Lander special tests have been planned and carried out successfully viz.
- Integrated Cold Test – For the demonstration of Integrated Sensors & Navigation performance test using helicopter as test platform
- Integrated Hot test – For the demonstration of closed loop performance test with sensors, actuators and NGC using Tower crane as test platform
- Lander Leg mechanism performance test on a lunar simulant test bed simulating different touch down conditions.
India is already a leading spacefaring superpower but it has bigger hopes pinned on the success of the Chandrayaan—that of leading the next space race and the exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond. The ability to soft-land on the Moon is essential for the country to realise its future exploration goals.
Just like with its predecessor, the Chandrayaan-3 mission lifted off successfully from the launchpad in Sriharikota and the mission module has been injected into the desired orbit. So far everything seems on track for the mission to succeed. The spacecraft will now be conducting orbit-raising manoeuvres to get further and further away from the planet with each revolution around it.
At one point, it will enter a lunar transfer orbit which it will use to go towards the Moon and get captured in its gravity. After that, it will carry out an opposite process on the Moon where it will try to get closer and closer to the Moon till it reaches a 100-kilometre orbit. After that, the Vikram lander will separate from the orbiter component and try to soft-land on the Moon.
The overall specifications for Chandrayaan-3 is provided below:
|1.||Mission Life (Lander & Rover)||One lunar day (~14 Earth days)|
|2.||Landing Site (Prime)||4 km x 2.4 km 69.367621 S, 32.348126 E|
|3.||Science Payloads||Lander:Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA)Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE)Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA)Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) Rover:Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS)Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) Propulsion Module:Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE)|
|4.||Two Module Configuration||Propulsion Module (Carries Lander from launch injection to Lunar orbit)Lander Module (Rover is accommodated inside the Lander)|
|5.||Mass||Propulsion Module: 2148 kgLander Module: 1752 kg including Rover of 26 kgTotal: 3900 kg|
|6.||Power generation||Propulsion Module: 758 WLander Module: 738W, WS with BiasRover: 50W|
|7.||Communication||Propulsion Module: Communicates with IDSNLander Module: Communicates with IDSN and Rover. Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter is also planned for contingency link.Rover: Communicates only with Lander.|
|8.||Lander Sensors||Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP)Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA)Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC)LHDAC (Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera)Laser Altimeter (LASA)Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV)Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera (LHVC)Micro Star sensorInclinometer & Touchdown sensors|
|9.||Lander Actuators||Reaction wheels – 4 nos (10 Nms & 0.1 Nm)|
|10.||Lander Propulsion System||Bi-Propellant Propulsion System (MMH + MON3), 4 nos. of 800 N Throttleable engines & 8 nos. of 58 N; Throttleable Engine Control Electronics|
|11.||Lander Mechanisms||Lander legRover Ramp (Primary & Secondary)RoverILSA, Rambha & Chaste PayloadsUmbilical connector Protection Mechanism,X- Band Antenna|
|12.||Lander Touchdown specifications||Vertical velocity: ≤ 2 m / secHorizontal velocity: ≤ 0.5 m / secSlope: ≤ 120|
The objectives of scientific payloads planned on Chandrayaan-3 Lander Module and Rover are provided below:
|Sl. No||Lander Payloads||Objectives|
|1.||Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA)||Langmuir probe (LP)||To measure the near surface plasma (ions and electrons) density and its changes with time|
|2.||Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE)||To carry out the measurements of thermal properties of lunar surface near polar region.|
|3.||Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA)||To measure seismicity around the landing site and delineating the structure of the lunar crust and mantle.|
|4.||LASER Retroreflector Array (LRA)||It is a passive experiment to understand the dynamics of Moon system.|
|Sl. No||Rover Payloads||Objectives|
|1.||LASER Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS)||Qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis & To derive the chemical Composition and infer mineralogical composition to further our understanding of Lunar-surface.|
|2.||Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS)||To determine the elemental composition (Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca,Ti, Fe) of Lunar soil and rocks around the lunar landing site.|
|Sl. No||Propulsion Module Payload||Objectives|
|1.||Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE)||Future discoveries of smaller planets in reflected light would allow us to probe into variety of Exo-planets which would qualify for habitability (or for presence of life).|
Three dimensional views of Chandrayaan-3 modules are provided below:


An F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, marked AA-1, lands Oct. 23 at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. The F-35 Integrated Test Force staff concluded an air-start test. On the side of the fuselage, the flags of the countries that financed the F-35's development, in d
Utah Senator Orrin Hatch visited state representatives in the House Wednesday to deliver what he called unhappy news. He says the Sequester, the automatic across-the-board spending cuts, will happen and it will be a difficult thing, especially for civilian employees at Hill Air Force Base.
”and it’s certainly going to hit a lot of small contractors and it’s also going to hit our workforce up there, is about two thirds civilian. So if you can imagine we’ve got to be prepared for whatever comes,”says Hatch.


The dependency of lift coefficient on the angle of attack, α, as displayed in Fig. 101 for the NACA 0012 airfoil at Re=40000 for three different levels of the free-stream turbulence. xfoil does allow to vary this via a variable called Ncrit. Ncrit=9 (green) pertains to an "average" (late 1990) wind tunnel while 4-8 represents a "dirty" wind tunnel. Ncrit=9 was our first investigation which as shown in Figure 101 results in cL versus angle of attack behavior which is far away from what we traditionally expect. Out of curiosity we also show the suppression of the influence of laminar separation bubbles due to higher level of free-stream turbulence. The influence is astonishing and might explain while older investigations like Jacobs and Sherman (1937)  obtain linear dependency between friction coefficient and angle of attack at the Reynolds numbers under discussion.
|Figure 101 : Lift Coefficient versus Angle of Attack|
To investigate the case of Ncrit=9 further , we show in Fig. 102 the skin friction factor for the case of Re=40000 and α=1°. It clearly shows a separation bubble ( cF < 0 ) covering the rear half of the air foil. Closer inspection of the numerical data reveals that there is a large separation bubble on the upper side of the airfoil stretching from x/c=0.5422 all the way to the trailing edge and a much smaller one on the underside between x/c=0.9604 and the trailing edge. Both separation bubbles are laminar. (Falkner-Skan flow in program xfoil).
|Figure 102 : Skin friction coefficient at &alpha=1°, Re=40000, Ncrit=9|
In Table 101 we show the two laminar separation bubbles as they change position and size as function of the angle of attack.
|Table 101 : Extent of Laminar Separation Bubbles, Re=40000, Ncrit=9|
At α=0 the laminar separation bubbles appear in equal size on the bottom and top of the airfoil in a symmetric fashion and as expected, the bottom bubble quickly vanishes as the angle of attack increases slightly. The re-occurrence of the bottom bubble at around 4 and 5 degrees might be an artifact, the bubble is extremely small in comparison to the separation bubble on the top of the airfoil and probably has negligible influence on the airfoil characteristics.
An alternative way to reduce the influence of laminar separation bubbles or prevent them from forming in the first place is to trip the developing boundary layers into turbulent ones (references needed). xfoil allows to specify trip locations where the boundary layers can change instantaneously from laminar to turbulent. Figure 103 compares the lift coefficient as function of angle of attack for a "dirty" wind tunnel (Ncrit=1) without tripping to the results of a clean wind tunnel (Ncrit=9) with tripping at position x/c=0.1 on the top and bottom side of the airfoil. The effect is rather similar as far as lift coefficient is concerned, but the change to turbulent boundary layer incurs a penalty in the form of a higher drag coefficient, see Fig 104, below.
|Figure 103 : Lift Coefficient versus Angle of Attack|
|Figure 104 : Lift Coefficient versus Drag Coefficient|


Despite the scotching heat, On Saturday I went to the Commemorative Air Force Heart of America Wing Annual Air Expo (I know, such a short name). I thought it would be a good chance to catch a glimpse of FiFi, the only flying B-29 Bomber in the world. There were other operational vintage military airplanes and vehicles on display, it would be an understatement to say that I was stoked. Anyway who knows, maybe in a few years drones will be the only military aircrafts flying the unfriendly skies of the world.
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3 edition of Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (MSFC Center director"s discretionary fund final report, project 94-09) found in the catalog.
Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (MSFC Center director"s discretionary fund final report, project 94-09)
by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, National Technical Information Service, distributor in [Marshall Space Flight Center, Ala.], [Springfield, Va
Written in English
|Series||NASA/TM -- 97-206310., NASA technical memorandum -- 206310.|
|Contributions||George C. Marshall Space Flight Center.|
|The Physical Object|
INTRODUCTION. Manufacturing is a very broad discipline and encompasses several processes such as fabrication, machining and joining. The fabrication methodology of a composite part depends mainly on three factors: (i) the characteristics of constituent matrices and reinforcements, (ii) the shapes, sizes and engineering details of products and (iii) end uses. 4. MIL-HDBK provides guidelines and material properties for polymer (organic), metal, and ceramic matrix composite materials. The first three volumes of this handbook currently focus on, but are not limited to, polymeric composites intended for aircraft and aerospace vehicles. Metal matrix compos-File Size: 2MB.
Composite Materials - History, Types, Fabrication Techniques, Advantages, and Applications 88 products. He is credited with numerous advancements including being the first to fiberglass a surfboard, which revolutionized the orthy also invented a manufacturing process known as Size: 76KB. composite system, the role of interface between the components, the consequences of joining together, say, a fiber and matrix material to form a unit composite ply, and the consequences of joining together these unit composites or plies to form a macrocomposite, a macroscopic engineering component as per some optimum engineering specifications.
[B29] Tsai and Hahn, Introduction to Composite Materials, Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., [B30] Vinson and Sierakowski, The Behavior of Structures Composed of Composite Materials, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, • Wood (a natural composite as distinguished from a synthesized composite). This is one of the oldest and the most widely used structural material. It is a composite of strong and flexible cellulose fibers (linear polymer) surrounded and held together by a matrix of lignin and File Size: 1MB.
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INVESTIGATION OF SPRINGBACK ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPONENT FABRICATION (MSFC CENTER DIRECTOR'S DISCRETIONARY FUND FINAL REPORT, PROJECT NO. ) 1. INTRODUCTION As the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) continues its efforts toward aFile Size: 2MB.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Investigation of Springback Associated with Composite Material Component Fabrication (MSFC Center Director's Discretionary Fund Final Report, Project ) Item Preview. Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (OCoLC) Online version: Benzie, M.A.
Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (OCoLC) Material Type: Government publication, National government publication, Internet resource: Document Type. Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (OCoLC) Microfiche version: Benzie, M.A.
Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (MSFC Center director's discretionary fund final report, project ) (OCoLC) Material Type.
Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication (MSFC Center director's discretionary fund final report, project ) [microform] / M.A. Benzie National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center ; National Technical Information Service, distributor [Marshall Space Flight Center.
NOTE: This book (Fabrication Handbook #1) covers basic wet layups only. It does NOT cover prepregs, compression molding, vacuum bagging or resin infusion. However, those topics and others are covered in Composite Materials Fabrication Handbook #2 by the same author, which is just as good as Handbook #1 and also worth every penny/5(77).
Investigation of springback associated with composite material component fabrication: (MSFC Center director's discretionary fund final report, Project ) / by: Benzie, M.
A., Published: () Computer modeling for injection molding simulation, optimization, and control / Published: (). Measurement and Compensation of Springback of a Hybrid Composite Beam Article in Journal of Composite Materials 41(7) April with Reads How we measure 'reads'.
woven composite material. Again for these experiments a double diaphragm process was used in forming. Composite lay-ups were varied to investigate the differences in springback between 0/90 woven laminates and +45 on the bias lay-ups, as well as between each of.
The book simply and clearly presents the details of why composite materials behave the way they do. Thus composites designers will gain an understanding of the causes of material performance, allowing them a wider choice of materials than might otherwise be by: The first section lists the names of people involved in research and development work involving composite materials, as well as the name of the establishment where the person is employed.
Each name is assigned a unique four-digit code that provides a cross-reference to the second section. An exploration of the processing of composite materials, this book covers fiber reinforcements, production of various fibers and properties, and the processing of polymer matrix, metal matrix, and Author: Muthiah Balasubramanian.
AE Composite Materials Instructor: Dr. PM Mohite Office:AE,Aerospace Engineering Email: [email protected] Ph: Course Credits: 4 LTPD: Course Content: • Introduction, Definition, classification, behaviors of unidirectional composites •Analysis of lamina; constitutive classical laminate theory, thermal stresses, • Design consideration, analysis of laminates after.
structural component in a vacuum-tight bag and drawing a vacuum. MATERIALS In this investigation Sisal (Agave sisalana), Jute (Corchorus oliotorus) and glass fibers are used for fabricating the composite specimen. The sisal and jute fibers were obtained from Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, Size: KB.
Composite material is made by combining a minimum of two or more materials, often with different properties. Composite materials usually present unique properties in which the strength-to-weight ratio is high.
Another advantage of composite material is that it provides flexibility in design because the composites can be molded into complex shapes. because springback entails anomaly of required shape of the part. Economical aspect of problems associated with springback is in the USA solely in the sphere of automotive industry estimated on the 50 million dollar per year .
Springback is defined as a dimensional change of a shape after releasing a tool due to elastic effects . In the past. Composite materials: Composition, properties and clinical applications A Literature Review Key words: Composite, silorane, ormocer, compomer Introduction After the establishment of composite as a restorative material, there was an attempt to categorise the different composite types according to filler size (Lutz & Philips ).
This clas. The springback angle is necessary to predict because of manufacturing more precious parts and also for good correction of the compression mould. The manufacturer of the composite plates (Letov Leteck´aV´yroba, s.r.o.) has provided some measured data from the manufacturing process. The data was for the layered composite plates made from carbon.
as bending parameters and material properties need to be considered. This paper reports the effects of springback on mechanically formed steel plates.
Experimental work using circular bending was conducted to analyse the effect of springback on the formed steel sheets. The sheets were bent using a punch and die having a radius of curvature of.
Fabrication induced spring-back in thermosetting woven composite parts with variable thickness Mumtaz Ali, Yasir Nawab, Abdelghani Saouab, Aima Sameen Anjum, and Muhammad Zeeshan Journal of Industrial Textiles 6, Cited by: 4. body. there are no material planes of symmetry, and normal loads create both normal strains and shear strains.
A material is isotropic if the prop-erties are independent of direction within the material. For example, consider the element of an iso-tropic material shown in Fig. If the material is loaded along its 0°, 45°, and 90° directions.Springback is however affected by the complex combination of bending, unbending, and stretching imposed on parts during deep drawing process.
Therefore, the proper understanding of the effects of process parameters as well as material properties on springback is so useful to Cited by: 1.Composite Materials Types and Applications: A Review on Composite Materials: /ch A composite is composed from two or more different materials that are combined together to create a superior and unique material.
Composites are divided into.


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Royal Balloon - Cappadocia is an ISO 9001:2008 Certified Ballooning Company,Rated #1 on TripAdvisor
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Sultan Balloons is a hot air ballooning company operating in the Cappadocia region of Turkey.
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Atmosfer Balloons is Cappadocia-based hot air balloon company that is on a mission to make flying great, with brand new balloons, safe flights and topnotch service.
Goreme Balloons Cappadocia
Goreme Balloons owns 11 large commercial balloons with the capacity of 10 to 21 passengers at any one time and one smaller craft for 4 passengers.
Voyager Balloons Cappadocia
Voyager Balloons provides ballooning excursions with excellence over the most scenic valleys of Cappadocia.
Urgup Balloons Cappadocia
Urgüp Balloons – Cappadocia was established to provide this boutique service in 2007.
Kapadokya Balloons Cappadocia
We are Kapadokya Balloons, offering ballooning adventures in Cappadocia, Turkey since 1991.
Today: 29 March 2017, Wednesday


Soldiers Conduct High Energy Laser Training and Demonstration at Yuma Proving Ground
by Kristen Burroughs, Army Rapid Capabilities and Critical Technologies Office
YUMA PROVING GROUND, Ariz. (May 26, 2022) -- Designed to protect fixed and semi-fixed sites from drone threats, the Army recently completed its demonstration and training event of a 10kW-class prototype laser weapon system. Known as the Palletized-High Energy Laser (P-HEL), the prototype weapon system is part of an emerging industry of innovative technologies that the Army Rapid Capabilities and Critical Technologies Office (RCCTO), in support of the Joint Counter small Unmanned Aircraft System Office (JCO), is accelerating.
This emerging capability was demonstrated in an operationally relevant environment at Yuma Proving Ground (YPG), Arizona and will be followed by deployment of the system for further evaluation and operational use.
“There’s no doubt lasers will be on the future large scale ground combat battlefield so it’s great to see these initial prototypes to gain understanding of its capabilities and think through where these capabilities will fit into our organizations, the impact on how we fight, and understand how we need to adjust our doctrine,” said MG Ken Kamper, Commanding General of the Fires Center of Excellence. “The laser, as part of a necessary layered set of capabilities against threat unmanned aircraft systems, has tremendous potential.”
The demonstration took place from April 25-29 with Soldiers on-the-ground to successfully execute the capability to detect, acquire, track, and engage targets in a realistic combat scenario. The P-HEL engaged rotary and fixed wing UAS targets with multiple challenging vignettes that required the Soldiers to react to different flight scenarios. Ultimately, every Soldier killed at least one target. Eighteen total targets were killed over the entire demonstration. The RCCTO developed the P-HEL prototype weapon system in a short 10-month period, from contract award to this demonstration at YPG. Next, this effort will lead to the development of a 20kW-class P-HEL prototype weapon system.
“Our objective at Yuma was to demonstrate not only the capability to kill targets, but to validate that we can train Soldiers in a short duration, and do it anywhere,” said LTC Adam Miller, Product Manager for the RCCTO Directed Energy C-sUAS office, who leads the P-HEL effort. “The system and training package are capable of deploying to austere environments in support of operational needs.”
Prior to the demonstration, Soldiers from the recently reactivated 4-60th Air Defense Artillery (ADA) Battalion at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, conducted two weeks of System Familiarization Training in Huntsville, Alabama.
The prime contractor, SAIC is responsible for integrating the prototype C-sUAS 10kW-class HEL weapon System. Liteye Systems and Anduril Industries are providing external sensors, Rocky Research is providing the thermal control and power generation system and BlueHalo is providing the laser system. The 20kW-class HEL is being developed by Radiance Technologies.
“The P-HEL capability is a big milestone for the Army and for the joint forces for many reasons,” LTC Miller said. “In just two weeks, they've learned the technicalities of a new system and have become proficient enough to kill targets.”
During the first week, SAIC led a five-day, classroom training session for the Soldiers to learn how to tactically emplace, operate, and displace the P-HEL prototype weapon system. Soldiers provided daily feedback on the system throughout their training.
“We were given several detailed blocks of safety instructions from SAIC followed by an overview of how the P-HEL prototype weapon system works and the mission capabilities of this specific system,” said SPC Cody Eldridge, who is assigned to 4-60th ADA Battalion.
Incorporating Soldier feedback is a core aspect of developing these prototype systems on an accelerated timeline.
By implementing previously collected Soldier feedback from other directed energy efforts, Soldiers were able to operate the system using commercial gaming controllers, allowing them to easily navigate the systems user interface. During this time, Soldiers initiated over 60 hours of hands-on training.
“We received instructions at the SAIC facility, where we actually got to see the system set up,” said SGT Matthew Watt, assigned to 4-60th ADA Battalion. “We were able to familiarize ourselves with the equipment through simulations of the commander and gunner stations to track and detect targets using gaming controllers.”
The second week took place at Redstone Test Center, allowing Soldiers to focus on the commander and gunner stations tactical procedures, subsystem performance and reliability.
“The Army makes a big investment in every Soldier Touch Point event,” said LTC Miller. “The P-HEL program recognizes the commitment the Army took to provide training for these Soldiers, and we are ecstatic that they not only provided great training feedback but demonstrated system proficiency given the time constraints we work on with the prototype systems.”
The Soldiers were able to execute what they learned during the demonstration held at YPG at the end of April. This also provided another opportunity for additional Soldier feedback to further refine the prototype weapon system.
“We were able to detect, track, and kill targets on the range,” said SGT Watt. “The training we received in Huntsville made the process and procedures go a lot smoother and allowed us to become comfortable with operating the system.”
The on-ground training at YPG was designed as a leader-follower construct, where the instructors tracked targets and operated the system while the Soldiers observed. During this time, the instructors also discussed the safety parameters to set the stage for the week long demonstration.
A second 20kW-class P-HEL prototype demonstration is planned for September 2022.


A natural satellite or moon is, in the most common usage, an astronomical body that orbits a planet or minor planet (or sometimes another Small Solar System Body).
In the Solar System there are six planetary satellite systems containing 178 known natural satellites. Four IAU-listed dwarf planets are also known to have natural satellites: Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris. As of January 2012, over 200 minor-planet moons have been discovered.
The Earth–Moon system is unique in that the ratio of the mass of the Moon to the mass of Earth is much greater than that of any other natural-satellite–planet ratio in the Solar System (although there are minor-planet systems with even greater ratios, notably the Pluto–Charon system). At 3,474 km (2,158 miles) across, Earth’s Moon is 0.27 times the diameter of Earth.


The US Air Force is rapidly increasing its fleet of strategic bombers. Meanwhile, the B-21 raider bomber will join this fleet on Friday, i.e., 2 December. It will be deployed at the beginning of the new year. 16 thousand crore rupees have been spent in making it.
The B-21 Raider is being touted as the world’s most advanced military aircraft ever. America claims that the technology of this aircraft is so advanced that no radar in the world can catch it. It is made by the Weapon Development Company Northrop Grumman.
Will replace the existing stealth bombers B-1 and B-2
Tom Jones, president of Northrop Grumman’s Aeronautics Systems Unit, said the aircraft was built at Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale, California. These are part of the Aircraft Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) batch. The project is funded under the Long Range Stryker Bomber (LRS-B) contract. It will replace the army’s existing stealth bombers, B-1 and B-2.
Features of the B-21 Raider
Tom Jones said- This aircraft has been prepared for a nuclear mission. It is a long-range digital bomber that can communicate through agile technology and cloud computing. It is optimized for high-end threat environments. Its networking capability is also quite advanced. It can be easily approached even in bad weather.
Named after being inspired by Lt. Col. Doolittle Raid
The B-21 Raider is named in honor of the Doolittle Raid of World War II. Talking about this historic mission, Tom Jones said – 80 airmen and 16 B-25 bombers led by Lieutenant Colonel James ‘Jimmy’ Doolittle changed the meaning of war.
MiG-21 is the backbone of the Indian Airforce; if removed now, 4 squadrons will be deserted.
An aircraft that flew faster than sound 7 decades ago. An aircraft whose technology was stolen by a beautiful Israeli agent on a mission. An aircraft that won India’s victory in the 1971 and 1999 wars. We are talking about MiG-21, but this aircraft has also killed 200 pilots in 400 crashes in India in the last five decades.


Becoming a licensed pilot is a dream for many, but the process of obtaining a pilot’s license can be time-consuming and expensive. However, with the advent of technology, aspiring pilots now have the option to receive pilot training through online courses, which can be both convenient and cost-effective. Let’s see the benefits of combining online pilot training with ground training, and why this approach is becoming increasingly popular among aspiring pilots.
One of the biggest advantages of online pilot training is its flexibility and convenience. With online courses, students can learn at their own pace and on their own schedule, making it possible to study whenever and wherever is most convenient for them. This is especially beneficial for those who are looking for Pilot Jobs but are unable to attend traditional classroom-based courses due to work or other commitments.
Online pilot training are also typically less expensive than traditional classroom-based courses. This is because online courses don’t have the overhead costs associated with running a physical classroom, such as rent, utilities, and instructor salaries. As a result, online Flight Training course can offer their training at a lower cost, making them a more accessible option for those who may not be able to afford the high cost of traditional courses.
By combining online pilot training with ground training, aspiring pilots receive a well-rounded and comprehensive education. The online component provides students with the flexibility and convenience to study at their own pace; while the ground training component provides them with the hands-on experience they need to become confident and capable pilots.
Pilots need a variety of supplies and Flight Equipment to ensure safe and efficient flight, from navigation charts and flight planning tools to Lightspeed Headsets, SkyDemon, Pooleys and safety equipment. Traditionally, pilots had to visit a physical store to purchase these supplies, but with the advent of technology, they can now buy pilot supplies online. The advantage of buying pilot supplies online is the wider selection of products available. Whether you need a specific type of navigation chart, Skyecho or a specialized piece of David Clark Headsets, you can find it online. This wider selection makes it easier for pilots to find the supplies they need to ensure safe and efficient flight.
In addition to providing a comprehensive education, combining online pilot training with ground training also offers opportunities for personal growth and development. Ground training allows students to receive personalized instruction from experienced instructors, and provides them with the opportunity to interact with other aspiring pilots. This collaborative environment fosters a sense of community and helps students to develop valuable interpersonal skills.
Another advantage of combining online pilot training with ground training is the ability to customize training plans. Ground training instructors can work with students to develop a training plan that is tailored to their individual needs and goals. This allows students to receive a training experience that is specifically designed to help them achieve their desired outcome, whether that is obtaining a pilot’s license, building confidence as a pilot, or preparing for a career in aviation.
Conclusion, combining online pilot course with ground training and want to buy Pilot supplies online PILOT HUB offers a comprehensive and well-rounded education for aspiring pilots. By providing students with the flexibility and convenience of online learning, as well as the hands-on experience of ground training, this approach helps students to become confident and capable pilots. Whether you’re a seasoned pilot or just starting out, buying your supplies online is a convenient and cost-effective option that makes it easier to navigate the skies with ease. So why wait? Start your online training today and if you are a trained pilot of you need supplies for your training support shopping for your pilot supplies online with PILOT HUB today! They also help you to obtain a pilot’s license, build confidence as a pilot, or pursue a career in aviation; combining online pilot training with ground training is an excellent option to consider. For more details VISIT https://pilothub.co.uk/


Electric rc Helicopter - If you are a novice rc enthusiast, then this most advisable thing to buy will be the electric rc helicopter. The reasons are simple. It is simpler than other types of rc helicopters specially the gas rc's. With the electric, it's not necessary to take care of the engine and the gas it'll consume. You would not must have proper understanding of mechanics in order to ensure it is fly. You don't have to spend a lot of time reader the manual only to understand how it works. And if the helicopter fails, you don't have to discover how to remedy it.
RC helicopters promote bonding among best friends and families.
Furthermore, RC Toys might be best gift for children and beginners who are finding there way into RC world. .
The favorite kind for a non-skilled individual is an easy RC Heli model that gives an excellent flight control and stability.
Where helicopters used to take hours of careful balancing, now this has greatly been improved as the nitro helicopters are actually fitted with internal combustion structures and also the noise may be greatly minimized and in the recent makes, the sound produced is incredibly much comfortable working with. Another burden which was encountered while using nitro rc helicopters was the amount of gear you'd to carry along with you when increasing. When using these helicopters, you needed to carry along on your own some additional fuel, adjustment tools and also starters to be certain you had been safe on your flight. In a more precise way, these helicopters could get you through much work, which may automatically get you tired as time passes.
The Intelli UFO Electric Mini RC Helicopter is often a lightweight RC helicopter seems as being a UFO craft, with counter-rotating blades attached on top of it. It is 1.8 inches in space, weighs below 1 ounce, and is also ideal for both indoor and outdoor flying. The helicopter has 2 counter-rotating blades that offers extra lift and stability towards the helicopter. When it flies, the colorful LED lights about it flash and appearance great. The Intelli UFO Electric Mini RC Helicopter is simple and simple to fly in a wind free environment and just the thing for less than six years old kids. The helicopter comes in different colors, and is offered by Amazon for around $23.
The various flight controls for rc helicopters may take a hit using small servo motors popularly known as servos. A piezoelectric-gyroscope is generally applied to the tail rotor control (yaw control) for counter of torque-reaction-induced tail movement and wind. The ?gyro? doesn?t itself apply mechanical force but adjusts electronically the control signal for that tail rotor servo. The engines for rc choppers happen to be methanol powered for a long time and use two stroke motors or electric brushless motors along with high end battery, that is of more common use today. This can be related to improved efficiency, lifespan and performance when compared with brushed motors. Furthermore, their decreased prices bring them at your fingertips of rc helicopters hobbyists. The engines typically used would be the turbine and gasoline engines.


“The problem here was that we couldn’t get the pump to work and we had realized therefore we could not fly all passengers. We didn’t have enough fuel with a broken pump to take them,” Operations Supervisor Mr. Robert Campbell said.
In order to get their customers on a new plane, the mechanic had to defuel the tank.
“The tank is having pump issues and we weren’t able to fly them. This has happened before. I’m just trying to do my job and get everybody where they need to be,” Southwest Airline Customer service Agent Tremayne Magnus said.
The flight’s 143 passengers were then dismissed from the airplane and taken into the waiting room to be assigned a new flight to their final destination by Southwest Airlines customer service.
“We were all so tired and the whole situation wore us out completely. None of us actually wanted to leave Boston, but we didn’t want that whole mess to happen either,” junior Alexandra Nedelcu said.
The delayed flight caused confusion for its passengers who did not know whether or not they were going to be able to fly home in time to catch a connecting flight if they had been scheduled for one.


Medical Tuesday Blog
The Real Star War
Something useful for America’s underemployed space agency to do
The Economist | From the print edition | Feb 23rd 2013
GEOGRAPHY matters. In 1908 a rock the size of a city block hit the Earth’s atmosphere at 15km (9 miles) a second. The explosion flattened an area the size of London. But the land in question was in Siberia, so few people noticed and those who did had little influence. Suppose, though, it had devastated a city in Europe or North America. The history of the 20th century would have been different, as the best scientific and engineering brains were brought to bear on the question of how to stop it happening again.
Well, it has happened again, albeit less spectacularly. By chance, Siberia bore the brunt once more, when a meteor crashed in the Urals on February 15th, injuring more than 1,000 people. It could just as easily have hit Germany or Guangdong. Moreover, on the same day another, larger rock called 2012 DA14 passed within 27,000km of Earth. By astronomical standards, that is a hair’s breadth. It is time to think seriously about stopping such incidents by building a system that can detect space rocks with sufficient warning, and then either blast them or push them out of the way. It would be costly, of course, and would require the development of new technology. But, as luck would have it, there is a tool lying around that has both the money and the nous to do it, and which is currently underemployed and in need of a new mission.
NASA, America’s space agency, has become a curious hybrid. Part of it is one of the world’s leading scientific research organisations. This NASA sends robot probes to the planets, runs space telescopes and has already sponsored projects devoted to looking for large asteroids—the ones that would blow humanity to kingdom come if their orbits ever intersected that of the Earth. If such a large, “planet-killing” asteroid were discovered, though, the chances are that earthlings would have decades, or centuries, to act; a small nudge, judiciously applied by rocket motor or nuclear explosion (see article), would be enough to send it off course.
The real problem is “city-killers”—things too small for existing surveys to see, but large enough to do serious damage. And it is here that the other NASA might be brought into play. The non-scientific bit of the agency, the bit that brought you the Apollo project, has been looking for a proper job since 1972, when Apollo was cancelled. It thought it had found it in the Space Shuttle, but building a cheap, reliable orbital truck proved impossible. It thought it had found it in the International Space Station, but that has turned into a scientifically useless tin can in the sky. The latest wheeze is to build a rocket that might one day, many administrations hence, go to Mars.
In a well-ordered world, this bit of NASA would have been closed down years ago. That it has not been is due, in large measure, to the lobbying power of aerospace companies which see the agency as a way to divert money from taxpayers’ pockets into those of their shareholders. This pocket-picking would be less irksome if something useful came of it. Why not, therefore, change this part of NASA’s remit to protecting the planet from external attack, not by evil aliens but by an uncaring universe?
Two things would be needed. One is a bigger system of telescopes, either on the ground or in orbit, to give notice of a threat. The other is a way to counter the threat. That might be done with lasers, or with controlled explosions that would shift the incoming object’s orbit sufficiently to make it miss altogether, or (if that is not possible) hit an unpopulated area.
Developing all this would be a technological challenge worthy of NASA’s engineers. It would keep the agency’s bureaucrats in their jobs. It would keep the money flowing to the aerospace companies. It would probably cost no more than the space station (about $100 billion). And, if it worked, it would provide something that benefited not just America, but the world—precisely the sort of thing a rich country which often claims the moral high ground ought to be doing.
When Apollo 11 took off from the Moon on July 21st 1969, its crew left behind a plaque that read, “They came in peace, for all mankind”. What an opportunity both America and NASA now have to prove that they meant it.


Don’t have time to make a trip to an aviation museum? No worries. Fly through the history and mystery of flight with these amazing electronic field trips.
- NASA Virtual Skies
The purpose of NASA’s Virtual Skies (VS) website is to provide an engaging, yet informal, way to present aviation topics to high school students. In each of the six content Modules (not including Aviation Research), your students will acquire and employ decision-making and collaborative skills while applying principles of algebra, geometry and calculus. The science portion of these cross-curricular materials includes concepts involved in RADAR, sound and meteorology as it applies to flight. Each section includes on-line activities complemented by downloadable print materials that can be used to supplement geography, mathematics and science concepts.
- Virtual Wind Tunnel Tour
Explore how scientists use a wind tunnel to understand aerodynamics.
** Tell us how you used these electronic field trips with your kids. **
Return to AVIATION Field Trips.


Vertical Mapping Resources teams with a select group of aerial photography providers in order to provide a diverse fleet of planes and equipment that have the capabilities to efficiently perform on any project, within any geographic location in the United States. The majority of our projects are flown using single and twin-engine Cessna aircraft equipped with state-of-the-art precision photogrammetric cameras, each equipped with forward motion compensation (FMC). FMC is a camera function that compensates for the perceived movement of the earth below. This significantly reduces blurring and results in the sharpest photographic image possible.
An example of the benefits of utilizing a multi-functional fleet was recently seen in the successful completion of three flights simultaneously in three different states in the U.S. Realizing that weather was going to hinder the window of opportunity in which we are able to capture the photography, VMR was able to fly projects in Utah, California and Arizona all in the same day.
Aerial Photography Services include:
- Traditional Film (B/W, color or I/R)
- Oblique aerial photography and processing
- Controlled vertical aerial photography and processing
- Airborne GPS controlled photography
- Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) controlled photography
- Precision Aerial Scanning


The flight from Singapore Changi to Kuala Lumpur International felt too fast to be true. We were scheduled to take off at 9:20pm but due to a bit of delay at waiting, we finally set off into the sky at 9:50pm. But within half an hour, we were already getting ready for landing. So fast!!! And we made it on time.
Good tail wind, I say!
So, here I am at KLIA, a short layover time of less than an hour. Getting up to board the next part of the journey.
Till the next post!


Principles of satellite communications keplers laws johannes kepler 1571 1630 the astronomical scientist gave 3 revolutionary laws regarding the motion earth orbits a satellite when launched into space needs to be placed in a certain orbit to provide a particular way geosynchronous . This text was required for a college course in satellite communications this book is one of the best at explaining satellite operations and space communications principles i used the wertz larson smad book in previous classes and was puzzled by its explanation of several space communications concepts such as eirp and power flux density. Explains the reasons limitations and trade offs inherent tocommunications satellites the first half deals with link powerbudgets as well as communications hardware and examples of completelink budgets spacecraft technology and a description of theobjectives and basic operating methods of each of the majorsupporting subsystems are covered in the last half. Principles of communications satellites item preview remove circle share or embed this item embed embed for wordpresscom hosted blogs and archiveorg item description tags want more advanced embedding details examples and help no favorite share
How it works:
1. Register Trial Account.
2. Download The Books as you like ( Personal use )


"Space Force"; Just like Trump University, But With a Cooler Logo
David Graham has a new piece in the Atlantic explaining why President Trump's Space Force project is pure "Trumpian" nonsense; lot's of bluster with no substance.
David Graham, The Atlantic: "Trump first announced the Space Force, which he says will be a sixth, co-equal branch of the military, in June, when he signed a space-policy directive. But that directive didn’t even mention the Space Force, nor was it totally clear how it would work. As my colleague Marina Koren has reported, many top commanders in the military (including Secretary of Defense James Mattis) opposed the plan, arguing that the Pentagon already had the right infrastructure in place to achieve what Trump wanted: the ability to defend American interests in space. There’s even an existing Air Force Space Command".....
The Air Force Space Command has existed since 1982, with its headquarters at Peterson Air Force Base, Colo. You can read more about it here.
..."Such salesmanship is not new for Trump. The branding of the Space Force resembles nothing so much as Trump University. In that program, Trump gussied up a series of drab, clichéd get-rich-quick real-estate seminars by giving it the name and crest of a full-fledged university and promising “handpicked” instructors. It was not a university, nor were the instructors handpicked. In depositions about the project, Trump proved far removed from any of the actual operations, repeatedly saying lieutenants had dealt with this or that matter." ...
..."But the Space Force is the purest expression of the branding maneuver, given the mismatch between the hype (“Mars Awaits”) and the reality (“It is imperative that the United States adapts its policies, doctrine, and capabilities to protect our interests,” as the new report put it). Anyone tempted to get excited about the Space Force would be well advised to keep the Trump University precedent in mind. The seminars were a short-term success: Thousands of people signed up, creating a new revenue stream for Trump. But they eventually wised up that they weren’t buying real-estate secrets so much as a bill of goods, and some of them sued him, resulting in a $25 million settlement. Eventually, misleading branding schemes have a tendency to fall back down to Earth."
Its a wonderful piece which you can read in its entirety here.


Advanced Planning and Scheduling Solutions for the Aerospace and Composites Industry
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BSGN Advanced Materials Accelerator: Call for Proposals
Innovators and enterprises are invited to submit project proposals for demonstrating space-based advanced materials research, manufacturing, and associated technologies. BSGN is carried out under a programme of and funded by ESA, the European Space Agency.
Up to €750k per project
European Space Agency
The space environment makes it possible to manufacture materials of much higher quality and performance otherwise unattainable in the gravity-induced conditions on Earth. In Phase One of the new BSGN Advanced Materials Accelerator, several exciting opportunities for materials innovation in the microgravity environment have been identified in metallic materials, nanomaterials, advanced ceramics, novel polymers and fibres, and functional coatings and thin film systems.
Following the launch event of the BSGN Accelerator on 20th September (recording available here) and the deep dive workshop that took place on the 17th October, we are pleased to launch a Call for Proposals to develop a portfolio of commercially attractive projects involving innovations in advanced materials & manufacturing that will benefit from being developed in microgravity or the extreme conditions of Lower Earth Orbit. Read more


Cargo Space is the space within a ship or vessel that allows the transport of metals, fuel, colonists, Supplies, torpedoes, Fighters, or megacredits. All cargo is measured in units of KT killitons. Cargo space is separated in cargo hold types, Fuel cargo, Standard Cargo and vault.
Due to the instability of neutronium, it's cargo is separated from standard cargo. Each unit equals 1 kt.
standard cargo will hold all other goods up to the ship designs limit of cargo space in kt
1 fighter = 1 kt 1 torpedo = 1 kt 1 supply = 1 kt 1 Duranium metal = 1 kt 1 Tritanium metal = 1 kt 1 Molybdenum metal = 1 kt 100 colonists = 1 clan = 1 kt
Specifically designed for carrying megacredits only. all ships have 1 vault. all ship vaults are the same, and all vaults have a capacity to carry 10,000 megacredits at no additional weight in kt. in other words megacredits have no weight even in the amount of 10,000.
When not orbiting a planet, starships can jettison cargo into Deep Space if they have at least 1kt of fuel before the Host Order step that Jettison is performed. This is useful to make the ship lighter so the ship can travel farther or to prevent an enemy from seizing the fuel/cargo if the ship is in danger of being captured.
Ships can transfer cargo from and to any other ship located at the same location in space, but cargo transfers to Foreign ships requires at least 1kt of fuel before the Host Order step that Foreign Cargo transfers occur to successfully transfer any fuel/cargo.


Position: Drone Operator
We are seeking responsible aviation professionals who can exercise sound judgment and flight discipline operating our rapidly growing drone fleet in the United States and beyond. The ideal candidate must have a hands on approach, be willing to work in small teams and travel to any location that our clients desire.
- Expected to conduct pre-mission planning with Measure’s clients in a professional and courteous manner and serve as the face of the company on the ground.
- Possess a thorough understanding of the capabilities, limitations, sensor payloads and data processing that the operator is qualified in type.
- Develop flight plans, check NOTAMS, check weather and coordinate airspace integration with any affected controlling agencies or privately owned properties.
- Facilitate pre-mission briefs, complete safety risk assessment prior to flight and after action reviews upon post-flight.
- Perform limited UAS and ground support equipment troubleshooting.
- Solve problems on the ground in real-time and deliver acquired data in a timely manner to the customer.
- Follow all conditions and limitations granted in Measure’s 333 Exemption from the FAA.
- Adhere to all policies and procedures in Measure’s Air Operations Manual.
Required Qualifications & Skills:
- Hold either an airline transport, commercial, private, recreational, or sport pilot certificate.
- Hold or be able to obtain a current FAA airman medical certificate.
- Current pilot and UAS logs required and should be included in resume.
- Possess a minimum of 500 hours of pilot in command time (PIC) of manned aircraft or substituted with UAS flight time.
- Knowledge of civilian airspace and aeronautical charts.
- Ability to manage small teams and/or work independently.
- Willingness to travel 3-4 months every year.
- Current SECRET or higher level clearance preferred.
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills.
- Unquestionable ethics and commitment to excellence
- Fluency in Microsoft Office Suite.
- Flexibility in the face of obstacles and a sense of humor.
Interested Applicants: Please send a resume and cover letter to firstname.lastname@example.org
Measure is the world’s leading Drone as a Service® company. We provide turnkey solutions to acquire, process, and deliver cost-effective, actionable aerial data to enterprise customers. We don’t make drones. We make drones work.


The Department of Physics is hosting World Space Week Lecture, the thrid in the series Antariksha. the lecture is organised by Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram, as part of World Space Week Celebrations 94-10 of October every year) by the United Nations. The actuvities of Physics Association will also be inaugurated during the occassion.
Theme of Lecture: Space Unites Nations
Speaker: Shri Bibu K R, Scientist/Engineer SE, APEP/VSSC/ISRO
Date and Time: 10.00 -12.00, 5 October 2018
Venue: Seminar Hall
All are Welcome!


Wrote this article for a client in the AI space for aviation. This was published in a international E-Journal of Aircraft IT, which is associated with Aircraft Commerce, the organizers of the highly successful series of Aviation MRO & Operations IT Conferences.
I have clearly explained how the technology works and how it impacts the business. You can read the full journal in the link below. You can find my work in the page 25, 26, and 27.


In the time of Kargil War, India wanted to use GPS to get some vital information but in this crucial time US refused to give access to GPS. After that, India realized the importance of a satellite navigation system.
After the Incident, India started working on their very own satellite navigation system and after two decades they completed this project and launched their own satellite navigation system called NavIC.
What is NavIC?
NavIC is India’s very own satellite navigation system launched in 2018. NavIC stands for Navigation with Indian Constellation, which means “sailor” in Hindi. NavIC is the name given by the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
After this launch, India became the fourth country to have their own satellite navigation system.
Why NavIC is better than GPS?
NavIC have seven satellites covering India and surroundings and it is considered as more accurate that GPS. NavIC provides a standard position accuracy of 5 meters to all users as compared to GPS’s 20-30 meters.
If we discuss some technical information, then NavIC is much advanced and powerful than GPS as NavIC system has dual frequency (S and L bands) while GPS is dependent only on L band.
NavIC is now introduced in many smartphones including India’s biggest smartphone company, Xiaomi. RealMe follow up Xiaomi and implemented NavIC in their latest smartphones.


How long would it take to get to Mars – Earth to Mars
A trip to Mars is no small feat – it would take several months to reach the red planet. The distance between Earth and Mars varies depending on where the two planets are in their respective orbits. At their closest, the two planets are still around 480 million kilometers apart. A mission on Mars would require traveling this great distance, which would typically take between six and eight or even nine months. Once they reach the red planet, astronauts would need to spend a significant amount of time acclimating to the gravity and atmosphere before any exploration could begin. Despite the significant amount of preparation required to go to Mars, scientists and researchers are eager to explore the planet and learn more about its potential habitability.
Surface of Mars – how this planet looks like?
The surface of Mars is a barren and rocky landscape that appears to be covered in reddish-brown dust. The planet is home to massive canyons and towering mountains, as well as vast plains and dune fields. One of the most striking features of Mars is its polar ice caps, which are made up of both water ice and carbon dioxide ice. The atmosphere on Mars is very thin and primarily composed of carbon dioxide, which creates an eerie, red-tinted sky. Despite its harsh and rugged appearance, Mars has long been a source of fascination for scientists and explorers alike, as it may hold clues to the origins of life in our solar system.
How long will it take starship to get to Mars?
The length of time it will take the Starship to reach Mars depends on several factors such as the launch window, the speed of the rocket, and the distance between the two planets. Currently, the optimal launch window is every 26 months when Mars and Earth are closest. The Starship, which has yet to be fully developed, is expected to have a cruising speed of 100,000 kilometers per hour, which will significantly reduce travel time compared to previous missions. With these estimates, it is projected that the Starship can reach Mars in as little as three months. However, unforeseen circumstances such as technical issues or cosmic disturbances might affect the duration of the journey. Additionally, the time required for landing and setting up a sustainable habitat also needs to be considered. Regardless, the Starship represents a significant advancement in space travel technology and the possibility of an eventual human establishment on Mars.
Mars at the speed
the journey to Mars is a long and arduous one, but with modern technology, it is possible to send spacecraft to Mars at considerable speeds. The distance between Mars and Earth varies depending on the position of the planets in their orbits around the sun. At the closest point, Mars is 34.8 million miles away from Earth, while at the furthest point, this distance can stretch to 249 million miles. To get to Mars from Earth, spacecraft typically use a method called “Hohmann transfer,” which involves launching the spacecraft in such a way that it reaches Mars when it is at its closest point to Earth. Once they land on the red planet, visitors see a barren and rocky landscape with towering volcanoes and deep canyons. Despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, it is possible to explore this alien world and unlock the secrets of the universe beyond our planet’s atmosphere.


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Astronaut greets DISDH from space!
DISDH students from grades 10 to 12 began a wonderful journey into space lasting four hours.
Two world-class experts from the European Space Agency (ESA) reported first-hand on the recently launched ESA mission BepiColombo, which aims to explore Mercury, the least explored planet in our solar system. They also presented the highlights of the current commander of the International Space Station, ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst’s Horizons Mission. Thanks to fascinating photos, insider stories of the planning and realisation of space missions and the explanation of partly profound technical details, all participants were drawn into the spell of space exploration. This was clearly demonstrated by the lively discussions as well as the inquisitive and demanding questions on the part of the students.
As a highlight, Alexander Gerst greeted DISDH students from outer space. Click
and take a look. DISDH here on earth sends many greetings back to Alexander and wishes him a great day.
Many thanks to ESA (European Space Agency), who made this "Space Day" so special! We express our gratitude to two particular fathers, Mr Bauer whose children are currently at DISDH and Mr Benkhoff whose children are DISDH alumni, for their efforts and time.


ホーム Hydrogen therapy may reduce the risks related to radiation-induced oxidative stress in space flight.
Schoenfeld MP*, Ansari RR, Zakrajsek JF, Billiar TR, Toyoda Y, Wink DA, Nakao A.
*The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Propulsion Research and Technology Branch NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA.
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Um, that would be the last time I ever flew! Since I don't like to fly any way! LOL!LOVE YOU GUYS!HugsKim
Oh my gosh that was horrible. I hate flying but that looked like a ride at a theme park. Wowzers.Let me know when the package arrives.
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You Will Find Yourself Among the Clouds
Hot air balloon rides from Ballooning Info’s network of providers are the kind of adventure everyone can enjoy. Floating high above the ground, among the clouds, you’ll find peace, tranquility and amazing views.
If you have a special event coming up, consider reserving a tethered hot air balloon. The balloon is tethered to the ground, making flights shorter and more frequent. This means more people will get to try!
We offer gift certificates for all of our hot air balloon ride packages. They are customizable, transferable and valid for up to two years. Surprise someone with an adventure that’s so much fun, they won’t soon forget.
A shared balloon ride is a great option for spur of the moment trips. Just show up early in the morning or around dusk and wait for enough passengers to fill the gondola. You’ll enjoy the trip with like-minded strangers.
When you want something private or romantic, a private balloon ride is your best bet. Schedule your flight and show up with your significant other or friend. As soon as the balloon and pilot are ready, it’s flight time.
Tethered balloon rides are the best option if you’re having a corporate event, wedding reception or other get-togethers where people will be looking for something to do. The tethered balloon ride is quick and fun.
Our network of hot air balloon operators is nationwide. That means we have a ballooning network location near you.Read more
Going on vacation? Book a hot air balloon ride for while you’re there. See the beach, mountains or plains differently.Read more
Ballooning Info can even get you started toward becoming a hot air balloon pilot. Go ballooning whenever you want.Read more
On a lark, I decided to go for a shared balloon ride while on vacation. It was so beautiful and peaceful
- Melissa Rood
I booked a private balloon ride for my girlfriend and myself. Well, she’s my fiancee now.
- Mark Kreutzmann
We got a tethered balloon for our corporate picnic. I don’t know if the kids or the adults had more fun
- Samuel Roberts


Hello Heather Class.
I have found some free stories for you to try out. Here is the link ... https://stories.audible.com/start-listen
I will also be adding my own read stories here I am experimenting with audio and video.
Please watch this space!
I have found some stories read by different astronauts from the International Space Station out orbiting the Earth. You may have seen the ISS fly over us over the past few weeks. I hope you enjoy them. 🛰📖🧑🏼🚀


Boeing Terminates Joint Venture Agreement With Brazil Embraer
After Boeing announced its termination of the Master Transaction Agreement (MTA) due to unsuccessful negotiations to resolve certain terms with the deal, Embraer followed on Saturday with its own statement that Boeing was wrong to terminate its deal and avoid paying the company $4.2 billion. The two companies first signed a non-binding agreement for the creation of the joint venture almost two years ago. „Embraer believes that it fully meets its obligations under the MTA and has fulfilled all the conditions that must be met by April 24, 2020. Embraer will appeal Boing for damages suffered by Embraer as a result of Boeing`s unlawful termination and violation of the MTA. Boeing and Embraer are preparing to create a joint venture for the promotion and development of markets for the KC-390 medium multi-purpose airlift and expect all regulatory approvals for their commercial joint venture by 2020. Under the conditions. Boeing Brasil-Commercial was a planned but aborted joint venture between Boeing and Embraer to design, build and sell commercial commercial aircraft worldwide. The partnership was created in February 2019 after Boeing agreed to acquire an 80% stake in Embraer`s commercial aircraft division. The deal was approved by Embraer shareholders and was expected to be concluded by the time antitrust law is reviewed in June 2020, but in April 2020, Boeing announced the joint venture agreement due to the impact of the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic on aviation. Embraer says the financial impact of the Boeing 737 MAX-Groundings contributed to the end of the deal, while others say U.S. labor and policy considerations played a role. On May 23, Boeing announced that the division would be known as „Boeing Brasil-Commercial,“ with the Embraer name dropped, but had not yet decided whether the plane should be renamed Boeing.  The joint venture also confirmed that the production of commercial aircraft would remain in the São José dos Campos plant, which will be acquired by Boeing Brasil.
while Embraer would relocate production of the Executive Jets Legacy 450/500 and Praetor 500/600 to the Gavião Peixoto plant.  Aviation industry publication Leeham News said the deal would be good for both companies because Boeing needed Embraer`s and Embraer`s small jets from Boeing`s marketing capability because the E-Jet E2 family was sold slowly, in part because customers were waiting for the joint venture deal to be completed and the E175-E2 was too heavy to sell in the U.S.


The study of the flow of air as it passes over and around a moving object as well as the forces which the air makes on the object. An airplane, for instance, needs positive lift to get it airborne and negative lift to help it land. Thus the shape of a land vehicle (car, bicycle , etc.) either promotes positive or negative lift. Race cars may use spoilers and wings ( air foils ) to control lift. In car design, the airflow is monitored in a wind tunnel. As well, aerodynamics also studies the most efficient shapes for increased speed and fuel economy .


Jasmine Bridges, MS’10 Mechanical Engineering, was inspired to become an astronaut by Hollywood and by one of the worst disasters in the history of the U.S. space program.
At six years old, despite the unfortunate 1986 Challenger explosion, I became fascinated with space and astronomy,” says Bridges, MS’10 Mechanical Engineering. “After watching Top Gun and seeing Maverick, Goose and Iceman, I knew I wanted to either build planes or fly them. I suppose those two interests, space and flying, led me to engineering where I could study the science of space and how to get there.”
Bridges was attracted to practical approach taken here at The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science.
Hometown: Tacoma, Wash.
Expected graduation date: May 2010, M.S. Mechanical Engineering, Energy Systems or Nanotechnology
Favorite Band: Prince
Favorite Movie: Back To the Future 2
Favorite spot in NYC:Book Culture on W. 112th St.
Hobbies: Salsa dancing
“Columbia SEAS emphasizes using our engineering ability to meet real and current global needs, as evidenced by the Earth Institute,” she says. “Two huge bonuses are that my sister is here at Manhattan School of Music and, of course, New York.”
She has already begun applying on a summer job what she’s learned in the classroom.
From a solar thermal engineering course, “I used my knowledge to design and analyze a mini solar tracker for a team project.”
Her time at Columbia extends well beyond the academic. Bridges says the best experience studying here have been the relationships she’s formed with other students from all over the world.
“My core study group friends are from Iceland, Hungary, Italy and the States of course. It's been an amazing experience.”
Posted: June 2, 2009