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In the dynamic world of airport operations, noise permeates the air, presenting a constant challenge for those working on the tarmac. For aircraft technicians, maintenance personnel, and ground crews, the risk of job-related hearing loss is an ever-present concern.
With the thunderous roar of jet engines unleashing a formidable 120 to 150 decibels of noise, the need for top-tier hearing protection among airport professionals becomes paramount.
While traditional passive earmuffs have made strides in reducing mid- and high-frequency noise, they have fallen short when it comes to effectively combating the distinctive low-frequency component of aircraft engine noise. Enter a groundbreaking solution that has captivated the attention of the aviation industry.
Mitigating the Physiological and Psychological Effects of High Noise Exposure on Aviation Crew
Aviation crew members play a vital role in ensuring the safety and smooth operation of flights. However, their work environment exposes them to significant levels of noise, which can have both physiological and psychological effects on their well-being. Recognizing and addressing these effects is crucial to maintaining crew performance, productivity, and overall job satisfaction.
Physiologically, prolonged exposure to high noise levels can lead to various health issues. Fatigue, stress, and elevated blood pressure are common consequences that can compromise crew members’ physical well-being. The constant barrage of noise can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to sleep disturbances and reduced restfulness. The cumulative effect of these physiological disruptions can impact crew members’ alertness, cognitive function, and decision-making abilities, posing potential risks to flight safety.
In addition to physiological effects, high noise exposure can also have psychological ramifications. Crew members may experience increased levels of anxiety, irritability, and difficulty concentrating due to the constant noise bombardment. The elevated stress levels can diminish job satisfaction and overall mental well-being. Furthermore, the strain of coping with high noise levels can contribute to feelings of frustration, which may negatively impact crew cohesion and communication.
Mitigating these physiological and psychological effects of high noise exposure is essential to ensure the optimal performance and well-being of aviation crew members. By reducing the excessive noise, aviation crew members can experience improved concentration, enhanced cognitive performance, and reduced stress levels. Restful sleep and reduced fatigue contribute to better overall health and well-being.
Implementing effective hearing protection measures, such as the use of specialized aviation-grade earmuffs or noise-cancelling headphones, can significantly reduce noise levels reaching the crew’s ears. These advanced technologies not only provide adequate hearing protection but also help create a quieter and more comfortable working environment.
Active Noise Cancellation Technology for Ground Crews: Revolutionizing Hearing Protection
Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) technology is a revolutionary advancement in hearing protection specifically designed to address the challenges faced by aircraft technicians, maintenance personnel, and ground crews. By utilizing advanced algorithms and intelligent sound processing, ANC actively counters and neutralizes the harmful noise generated by aircraft engines, providing unparalleled auditory well-being.
Unlike conventional passive earmuffs, which struggle to effectively combat the low-frequency component of aircraft engine noise, ANC technology takes hearing protection to a new level. It dynamically adjusts sound waves to create anti-noise that cancels out the intrusive and hazardous frequencies. This results in a significant reduction in noise exposure, mitigating the risks of job-related hearing loss and promoting the overall safety and health of ground crews.
With ANC technology, the detrimental effects of prolonged exposure to deafening noise levels are no longer a concern. The technology acts as a shield, preserving the auditory health of aircraft technicians, maintenance personnel, and ground crews. This allows them to perform critical tasks with enhanced precision, clarity, and concentration.
The introduction of ANC technology signifies a new era in hearing protection for ground crews, recognizing their invaluable contributions and prioritizing their safety. This innovative solution not only revolutionizes the way we address noise-related risks but also sets a new standard for the well-being and protection of those who work tirelessly on the ground.
What Ear Defenders are Used for Hearing Protection of the Crew?
What Ear Defenders are Used for Hearing Protection of the Crew?
When it comes to hearing protection for aviation crew members, a range of ear defenders is employed to mitigate the impact of high noise exposure. These ear defenders are specifically designed to provide effective noise reduction while ensuring optimal comfort and functionality.
One commonly utilized technology in ear defenders is Active Noise Reduction (ANR). ANR technology employs sophisticated electronic circuitry to analyze incoming sound waves and generate an equal and opposite sound wave, effectively canceling out the noise. This active noise cancellation feature significantly reduces the amount of noise reaching the wearer’s ears, offering enhanced hearing protection in noisy environments. ANR ear defenders are particularly effective at attenuating low-frequency noise, such as the rumble of aircraft engines, which can be challenging to address with passive methods alone.
In addition to ANR technology, other types of ear defenders used for hearing protection of the crew include passive noise reduction earmuffs and foam earplugs. Passive earmuffs are constructed with sound-absorbing materials and cushioning to provide a physical barrier between the ears and the external noise. These earmuffs can attenuate a broad range of frequencies and are relatively straightforward to use and maintain.
Foam earplugs, on the other hand, are inserted into the ear canal, creating a seal that blocks out noise. They are portable, disposable, and offer a convenient solution for crew members who prefer a more lightweight and unobtrusive option. Foam earplugs are often made of soft, pliable materials that conform to the shape of the ear canal, providing a snug fit and effective noise reduction.
Criteria for Selecting Cutting-Edge Ear Defenders for Aviation Crews
When choosing ear defenders for aviation crew members, several criteria should be considered to ensure optimal hearing protection and compatibility with their work environment. These criteria include:
- Noise Reduction Rating (NRR): The NRR indicates the level of noise reduction provided by the ear defenders. It is important to select ear defenders with a high NRR to effectively attenuate the noise levels encountered during aviation operations.
- Comfort and Fit: Ear defenders should be comfortable to wear for extended periods without causing discomfort or pressure points. They should have adjustable features, such as headbands or ear cups, to provide a secure and customized fit for individual crew members.
- Compatibility with Safety Equipment: The ear defenders should not interfere with the proper wearing of other necessary safety equipment, such as helmets, goggles, or communication devices. They should be designed to integrate seamlessly with existing aviation safety gear.
- Communication Compatibility: In aviation, effective communication is crucial for crew coordination and safety. Ear defenders should not hinder communication systems, such as radios or intercoms, and should allow for clear and intelligible communication while providing adequate noise reduction.
- Durability and Maintenance: Aviation crew members often work in demanding environments, so ear defenders should be robust, resistant to impact, and capable of withstanding harsh conditions. They should be easy to clean and maintain to ensure their long-term effectiveness.
- Compliance with Regulations: Ear defenders should meet industry standards and comply with relevant regulations, such as those set by aviation authorities, to ensure their safety and efficacy.
- User Preferences: Each crew member may have personal preferences regarding the type of ear defenders they find most comfortable and suitable for their needs. Considering individual preferences can enhance overall satisfaction and compliance with wearing the ear defenders consistently.
By considering these criteria, aviation crew members can make informed decisions when selecting ear defenders, ultimately providing them with reliable and effective hearing protection throughout their demanding work activities.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, are becoming a key asset to estate agents, enabling stunning aerial photography and videos, enhancing particulars for more successful marketing.
But there are safety rules, underpinned by UK law and anyone flying a drone for commercial purposes is required to obtain a licence from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA).
James Stevens, owner of Stevens’ Estate Agents in Okehampton, attended an intensive three day course, a theory exam and a flight test to become qualified and obtain permission from the CAA to fly a drone. James says, “I know of others in the area that operate drones commercially without a licence – or, therefore, insurance. They are endangering the people and property below their aircraft. Aerial photography can make all the difference to the marketing of a property but it needs to be done safely, with the appropriate licence and insurance.”


2 edition of Flight techniques for determining airplane drag at high Mach numbers found in the catalog.
Flight techniques for determining airplane drag at high Mach numbers
De E. Beeler
Presented at the Flight Test Panel held in Brussels, August 1956.
|Statement||by De E. Beeler, Donald R. Bellman and Edwin J. Saltzman.|
|Series||Agard report -- 84|
|Contributions||Bellman, Donald R., Saltzman, Edwin J., Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research andDevelopment. Flight Test Panel.|
Transonic flight problems may include force divergence, increase in CD, decrease in CL, tuckunder, buffet, control surface buzz, loss of control effectiveness Above about mach 2, the stragith wing aircraft has a lower drag than a 60 degree swept wing aircraft. As an aircraft moves through the air, the air molecules near the aircraft are disturbed and move around the aircraft. If the aircraft passes at a low speed, typically less than mph, it is observed that the density of the air remains constant. For higher speeds, some of the energy of the aircraft goes into compressing the air and locally changing the density of the air.
In the previous post we introduced the four fundamental forces acting on an aircraft during flight: Lift, Drag, Thrust and Weight and examined how they interact with one-another. We are now going to look more closely at the two aerodynamic forces Lift and will look at the relationship between the two forces, study how they interact with one another, and learn how to non . Coffin corner (also known as the aerodynamic ceiling or Q corner) is the region of flight where a fast but subsonic fixed-wing aircraft's stall speed is near the critical Mach number, at a given gross weight and G-force this region of flight, it is very difficult to keep an airplane in stable flight. Because the stall speed is the minimum speed required to maintain level flight, any.
The drag coefficient is a number that aerodynamicists use to model all of the complex dependencies of shape, inclination, and flow conditions on aircraft equation is simply a rearrangement of the drag equation where we solve for the drag coefficient in terms of the other variables. The drag coefficient Cd is equal to the drag D divided by the quantity: density r times half . In aerodynamics, wave drag consists of multiple components depending on the speed regime of the flight. In transonic flight (Mach numbers greater than about and less than about ), wave drag is the result of the formation of shockwaves in the fluid, formed when local areas of supersonic (Mach number greater than ) flow are created.
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FLIGHT TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINING AIRPLANE DRAG AT HIGH MACH NUMBERS Authors: De E. Beeler, Donald R. Bellmen and Edwin J. Saltzman Report Number: NACA-TN Performing Organization: NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA Availability: Format(s) on-line: Postscript (1, KBytes) PDF (1, KBytes) Report Date: August The accelerometer method for determining drag was found to be the most satisfactory method for research work, because it is the only method permitting a complete coverage of the Mach number and angle-of attack capabilities of an TN No.
Includes bibliographical measurement of total airplane drag in flight is. Flight techniques for determining airplane drag at high Mach numbers. By Donald R Bellman, De E Beeler and Edwin J Saltzman. Year: OAI identifier: oai: Provided by: NASA Technical Reports Server.
Download PDF. Flight tests have been made to determine the drag of a Hawker Hunter F Mk. I aircraft. The results show that at low Mach number the drag coefficient at zero lift is and the effective induced-drag factor K isboth values being corrected to a constant Reynolds number of 34 x 10 G.
Above a certain C L the dragFile Size: 1MB. The sensitivity per degree is high and nearly independent of Mach number at subsonic speeds up to Mach and above Mach, with a smooth transition between these conditions.
Methods which have been utilized to date to determine aircraft drag and engine thrust are briefly reviewed. and free-flight model techniques for aerodynamic. Flight results from Meteor IV aircraft show close agreement between drag measured in level flight and in dives and later tests compare well with high-speed wind-tunnel measurements on a 1/12th scale model.
IntroductionThe effect of compressibility on the overall drag of an aircraft was first. If the airplane flies too fast, which means at high EAS (or high TAS and high air density Rho) then the dynamic pressure on the aircraft is too high. Thus the aerodynamic forces acting on the different parts of the aircraft might break it (see the following formula for.
13 - 3 Classification of drag according to physical causes The total drag can be subdivided into (compare with Equation ): 1. zero-lift drag: drag without the presents of lift; 2. induced drag: drag due to lift. In addition wave drag comes into play, caused by a Mach numberM that is greater than the critical Mach number definition, Mcrit is the flight Mach number where a flowFile Size: KB.
The critical Mach number of a wing is the flight Mach number of the aircraft at which the local Mach number at some point of the wing becomes At a Mach number slightly in excess of this critical value, shock waves form on the wing, and further increases in speed cause [ ] large changes in the forces, moments, and pressures on the wing.
As an airplane climbs and cruises at high altitude, flight crews should be aware of terms that affect them. Crossover Altitude Crossover Altitude is the altitude at which a speci-fied CAS (Calibrated airspeed) and Mach value represent the same TAS (True airspeed) value.
Above this altitude the Mach number is used to reference Size: 1MB. This flight regime is characterized by the Mach number, a special parameter named in honor of Ernst Mach, the late 19th century physicist who studied gas dynamics.
Mach number is the ratio of the speed of the aircraft to the local speed of sound and determines the magnitude of. Many of the techniques used also are directly applicable in designing the airplane to fly with minimum wave drag in the supersonic regime.
If one returns to the discussion of shock formation, it was shown that a bow shock wave will exist for free-stream Mach numbers above (See fig. ) In three dimensions, the bow shock is in reality a. AeroDRAG & Flight Simulation is a computer program that allows the rocketeer to quickly and easily perform rocket drag (Cd) and flight simulations using the power of Microsoft Windows.
AeroDRAG & Flight Simulation interactively predicts subsonic, transonic and supersonic rocket drag to Mach 20 using the Newtonian surface inclination method for nose-body and fin combinations. This publication likewise covers the measurement of maximum lift coefficient, emergency anti-spin devices, and concept of the altitude-Mach number flight envelope.
This volume is recommended for design, development or research engineers, test pilots, and instrumentation personnel interested in airplane stability and control. Mach Number: Most high-speed aircraft are limited to a maximum Mach number at which they can fly; This is shown on a Machmeter as a decimal fraction Mach 1 vs.
Altitude; Formula: Mach Number = Aircraft Speed/Speed of Sound (dependent on altitude) Example: Aircraft is flying at 30,' Speed of sound at 30,' = knots. The lift and drag characteristics of a Boeing KC airplane were determined during maneuvering flight over the Mach number range from to for the airplane in the clean configuration at an altitude of.
High-order iterative learning identification of projectile's aerodynamic drag coefficient curve from radar measured velocity data IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol.
6, No. 4 Determination of nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics from trajectory data of an object: Modification of the method for complicated casesCited by: 4. title and subtitle 5.
funding numbers prediction of aerodynamic drag 6. author(s) charles e. jobe 7. performing organization name(s) and address(es) 8.
performing organization aerodynamics and airframe branch report number aeromechanics division flight dynamics laboratory air force wright aeronautical laboratories wright-patterson afb oh Cited by: 4. For magical reasons the drag reduces as the aircraft’s speed increases.
However, as the speed increases towards the speed of sound, drag will typically increase rapidly. As local areas of flow become supersonic, drag increases significantly, and the Mach number at which this occurs is referred to as the drag-rise Mach number.
ATPL Training / Principles of Flight #63 High Speed Flight - Mach Number (Part 1) - Duration: Aviation Training Netw views.
surrounding the aircraft. References 1–4 supply pertinent information regarding airdata measurement and calibration. These airdata encompass indicated and true airspeed, pressure altitude, ambient air temperature, angles of attack and sideslip, Mach number, and rate of Size: KB. Hazards Of High Mach Flight capncrunch dorf control surface buzz, aileron snatch, gust flight envolope, shamelessly plugging dassault aircraft.
High Speed Flight .flown, speed and altitude changes promise to increase the efficiency of aircraft throughout the entire flight. Flight data was collected for flights during one day of domestic US operations.
A process was developed to calculate the cruise fuel burn of each selected flight, based on aircraft.


06/03/2019 · SDO is designed to help us understand the Sun's influence on Earth and Near-Earth space by studying the solar atmosphere on small scales of space and time and in. 30/07/2016 · nasa =the sun live stream: sdo- soho- hinode- sot and iss views from earth. Real time streaming pictures of the sun from the web. XRay, Visible iight etc. from SDO, SOHO, GOES, STEREO, and other observatories. Live Solar Images, videos, Live Earth images, NASA news, space news, Astronomy, exoplanets. 09/10/2016 · Streamed live on Oct 9, 2016. This is a few of the videos i've been making using SDO/SOHO Hope you enjoy. Category People & Blogs;. ने सूर्य पर रिकॉर्ड की एक रहस्यमयी गतिविधि Nasa recorded pseudo shocks on sun. 05/03/2013 · The sun's solar weather cycle is it at its peak this year, and today March 5 you can get an up-close look at Earth's nearest star through an Arizona telescope in a live webcast. The online Slooh Space Camera, which organizes live views of the sun and night sky through telescopes around the world.
22/11/2016 · Live NASA Earth from Space - live stream from the International Space Station. ISS HD Video - NASA Live stream of Earth seen from space Live video from NASA HDEV cameras aboard the International Space Station. NASA is inviting media and viewers around the world to see a relatively rare celestial event, with coverage of the Monday, May 9 transit of the sun by the planet Mercury. Media may view the event at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
11/11/2019 · Mercury is in transit across the face of the sun on Monday, November 11, 2019. NASA and other satellites are providing live video streams and images of the planet as it is in transit. “For the next few hours, Mercury will pass between the Earth & the Sun, silhouetting it against our home star. 20/02/2013 · Eruptive events on the sun can be wildly different. Some come just with a solar flare, some with an additional ejection of solar material called a coronal mass ejection CME, and some with complex moving structures in association with changes in magnetic field lines that loop up into the sun's atmosphere, the corona. On July 19. 27/05/2018 · Apologies for the poor quality of some of the video. The main HDTV is off line and this secondary view is SD quality. Hopefully the HD view will be restored soon!. Earth from space seen from the International Space Station This live ISS HD HDEV stream of planet earth from space is courtesy of Nasa. NASA EDGE - Live from Carbondale - Recorded Webcast. NASA EDGE will join forces with the NASA Heliophysics Education Consortium, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, and Lunt Solar Systems to air a 4 hour 30-minute live webcast “Megacast” of the total solar eclipse from an. 24/11/2016 · This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.
Live ISS Tracking Permalink Submitted by pankajjani4u@ya. on Sun, 08/23/2015 - 04:50. I am Pankaj Jani from Mumbai India, being a Amateur Radio operator call sign VU3PMJ, active with local CIVIL DEFENCE and conducting awareness workshop on AMATEUR RADIO& FIRE SAFETY RESCUE to the College & School Students and Senior Citizens at many parts of India. You Are Watching: NASA EDGE @ Mauna Kea, Hawaii. This is the Official Sun-Earth Day webcast for the Transit of Venus. Don't miss the NASA EDGE team and the Sun-Earth Day team as they bring you this last of a lifetime event live from the top of Mount Mauna Kea, Hawaii, through our partnership with the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy.
09/05/2016 · NASA Livestreams of the Mercury Transit. NASA is also providing several livestreams of its own. According to its NASA TV Schedule, the Education channel below will be showing live, raw feed from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory of Mercury’s transit from 6 a.m. Eastern to 2 p.m. NASA cuts the live feed yet again of another amazing and very large UFO but this time we do see quite a lot of it before they cotton on to this epic space vehicle and they then swoop on down to the infamous or legendary depending on who you ask "big red button" and switch it off. They choose to stop everyone from seeing a UFO so that their. Electric currents in the Sun generate a magnetic field that is carried out through the solar system by the solar wind—a stream of electrically charged gas blowing outward from the Sun in all directions. The connection and interactions between the Sun and Earth drive the seasons, ocean currents, weather, climate, radiation belts and aurorae.
Live video from the International Space Station includes internal views when the crew is on-duty and Earth views at other times. The video is accompanied by audio of conversations between the crew and Mission Control. This video is only available when the space station is in contact with the ground. During "loss of signal" periods. 20/12/2019 · Solar Pick TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE JULY 2, 2019 On July 2nd 2019, a total solar eclipse was visible in certain areas of the Pacific Ocean and southern South America. 11/11/2019 · The Mercury transit 2019 starts Monday morning and lasts more than five hours as the planet passes across the face of the sun. To watch the rare Mercury transit, you'll need a solar filter to protect your eyes or you can follow it on live streams being broadcast online today. Real-Time solar activity and auroral activity data website. A lot of people come to SpaceWeatherLive to follow the Sun's activity or if there is aurora to be seen,.is a near live website where you can follow space weather from the Sun to Earth and know exactly when you can see aurora. NASA's mission is to pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research. To do that, we have worked around the world -- a.
07/11/2019 · To learn more and explore space, visit. Mercury will transit the sun on Monday Nov. 11, and you can see spectacular views in a free webcast from the online astronomy telescope site. The show begins at 7:30 a.m. EDT 1230 GMT, and you can watch it. NASA has once again cut the live feed to the International Space Station ISS as a blue UFO approached its orbit. The space agency is planning to shutdown ISS’ live broadcast and has been accused by UFO hunters of covering up evidence of flying saucers and aliens.
17/02/2017 · CONSPIRACY theorists have claimed strange footage allegedly taken from Nasa's live feed from the International Space Station appears to show six large "UFOs" floating past. The live video shows objects, which some claim to be UFO's, moving from right to left of the screen. Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 have reached "Interstellar space" and each continue their unique journey through the Universe. In the NASA Eyes on the Solar System app, you can see the real spacecraft trajectories of the Voyagers, which are updated every five minutes. 2019 Mercury Transit. On November 11, 2019, SDO will watch the planet Mercury move across the face of the Sun. Learn more » Transit Movie » The transit views begin at 1200 UTC 7 am ET and end at 1845 UTC 1:45 pm ET.
|20/03/2017 · Nasa LIVE stream - Sun From Space LIVE Feed Incredible ISS live stream of Sun from space Live video of Sun from space - as seen from the Nasa ISS live stream aboard the International Space Station. ----- As seen from the Nasa space video ISS live stream on the International Space Station - A real astronaut view of the Sun! Live.||brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our quest to reveal the unknown and benefit all humankind.||NASA launches, landings, and events. Watch live broadcasts from NASA Television and NASA's social media channels, and a schedule of upcoming live events including news.|
In an earlier live NASA streaming incident from August 2014 involving the STEREO A satellite, a UFO with an apparent spherical lens trailing behind it, is moving past the orbit of Venus. The UFO appears to be using the lens, which is approximately four times the diameter of Venus, to absorb the sun’s energy over a six day period from August 3 – 9.
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Barring some unforeseeable catastrophe, it seems virtually certain that humanity will eventually gain the capacity to live on Mars long-term. We are likely close to having the ability to conduct short-term manned missions to Mars. Because most people agree that space exploration is a worthy cause, future Mars explorers should have little difficulty raising mission funding.
Elon Musk And Humanity’s March Into Space
Although there are a number of barriers to human habitation of Mars, none of these barriers seems insurmountable. Currently, Elon Musk is one of the most prominent public figures pushing for the colonization of Mars. Thanks to his magnetism and independent fan base, Musk has almost single-handedly changed the public discourse surrounding interplanetary colonization.
After revolutionizing whole industries with Paypal and Tesla, Musk set his sights on developing SpaceX, the most advanced private space company today. SpaceX won recognition years ago for developing more affordable rocket technology. SpaceX also create the first reusable rocket practical for use in delivering payloads to orbit. Although SpaceX has yet to execute an independent manned space mission, the company has won numerous accolades for its partner programs with NASA. If humanity is going to build permanent settlements on MARS, it will require the motivating energy of big thinkers like Elon Musk.
In the next couple of decades, it is likely that private and public entities will collaborate to fund space exploration. Though NASA is certainly a repository of great skill, SpaceX has also demonstrated the true staying power of the private space industry. As Musk and his private rocket company set their sights on a permanent Mars colony, scientists throughout the world are rapidly solving the technical problems that could complicate space colonization.
SpaceX won a lot of press attention when it announced it was working on the Big Falcon Rocket (BFR). This 387-foot-long craft will have the capability to transport 100 people to Mars simultaneously. Although the Rocket is still in the planning stages, SpaceX has already delivered the futuristic Raptor engine to power the BFR.
The main things needed by Martian colonists will include:
- Sufficiently warm temperatures
- Sufficient breathable air
- Plenty of liquid water
- Plant Life
Atmosphere And Weather: The Winds Of Mars
Because the atmosphere and weather on mars are not particularly amenable to life, any eventual Mars colonists will have to meet most of these needs through artificial means. Fortunately, there is evidence for plenty of underground water on Mars. With the right infrastructure, it should prove fairly simple to extract ice and convert it into potable water.
While Earth’s atmosphere contains 21 percent oxygen, the Martian atmosphere only has 0.2 percent oxygen. Even more inhospitably, the Martian atmosphere is about 95 percent carbon dioxide. This means that Martian colonists will likely have to produce their own oxygen to survive.
In addition, human residents of Mars may have to reside in underground dwellings to survive the hurricane-strength winds of Mars. Because the atmosphere of Mars contains oxygen, it should prove possible to manufacture oxygen abundantly with the right equipment. Currently, the surface of Mars rests at about -81 degrees Fahrenheit.
The Trajectory Of Human Advancement
All told, quite a few challenges remain to be solved before Martian colonization becomes a reality. Nevertheless, it is never a good idea to bet against the power of human ingenuity and collective need. One is reminded of the hoary old platitude, “Necessity is the mother of invention.” Just as humanity conquered the vast seas of Earth, each once too dangerous for human travel, so will mankind likely conquer the vastness of space. Because Mars does have large polar ice caps, the first settlements on Mars are likely to be near one of the poles.
One of the biggest obstacles to colonizing mars revolves around the low Martian gravity. Because Mars has much lower gravity than Earth, human beings living on earth could lose muscle mass. Even worse, people can experience bone density loss. Fortunately, engineers will probably be able to build devices to enable Martian colonization.
The Pros And Cons Of Terraforming
In the long-term humanity might even be able to terraform Mars and other planets. While terraforming would allow for the most complete human colonization, this is a process that experts believe could take hundreds or thousands of years. In the case of Mars, creating Earth-like conditions would require raising the temperature of the planet and its systems.
One proposed method of terraforming involves erecting massive mirrors to reflect light onto the surface of Mars. In another proposed method, humans would guide multiple nitrogen-rich meteorites into crashing on earth. However you go about terraforming Mars, doing so would change the nature of the planet forever. Many people are far more comfortable with simply learning to adapt to the unique conditions on Mars.


Mini Drone Camera Aerial Photography Remote Control WiFi HD Video HS160
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Ford-Philco engineers unveil the Mission Control Center used to put a man on the moon.
Ford owned Philco from 1961 to 1974, during which the company produced consumer electronics, computer systems, and military projects. In addition to designing, building, equipping and staffing Mission Control, Ford’s Philco electronics subsidiary performed support work for NASA’s Apollo and Gemini space programs thanks to Philco’s capabilities in transistors, solid-state devices, and microelectronics. Later, Ford Aerospace and Communications Corporation evolved out of Philco. In 1976 the company built seven INTELSAT V satellites for the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization. These satellites are still used today to send television transmissions and telephone calls between continents.


Our Space Seeds are here! Year 1 have started to grow our rocket seeds and the seedlings are growing well. We are monitoring them closely to watch how they are doing. We are recording our findings and will be sending them back to the RHS at the end of the experiment.
To continue our work as an Eco school, we have signed up to The RHS Campaign for School Gardening's Rocket Science campaign. For this we will be receiving some seeds that are currently on the International Space Station to plant, grow and monitor. Information from the Rocket Science website says:
Two kilograms of rocket (Eruca sativa) seeds were launched on Soyuz 44S on 02 September 2015 with European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Andreas Mogensen and his crew, arriving on the International Space Station (ISS) two days later. British ESA astronaut Tim Peake will take charge of the seeds while on the ISS for his Principia mission starting in December. After being held for about six months in microgravity, the seeds will be returned to Earth with astronaut Scott Kelly, currently planned for March 2016.
We are very excited to receive these seeds in April 2016.
At Woolston Infant School we have been awarded a Green Flag award for the work we have done to become an Eco School.
To achieve this award both staff and children have thought about how we can look after our world by saving energy, recycling, helping others in the world, saving water and making the most of the outdoor space we have.
Children have had opportunities to give their ideas and opinions, help improve our outdoor space by gardening and take part in competitions outside of school to help raise awareness of recycling.


About Fly This
Fly This will make your dream of becoming a pilot come true from the first time you play the game. Of course, you don’t need to have any experience, you will be guided.
Play Fly This free online, players will be able to control planes transporting goods to different countries. You need to ensure that you will ship goods on time, safely, and without incident. To do this, players just need to draw the flight path of the plane on the experience screen. After that, the plane will automatically fly in the specified direction and land at the airport correctly.
Fly This unblocked, challenges will constantly appear and do not allow you to rest for a moment. For example, the flight space of an aircraft will reduce when other aircraft appear in the sky. Of course, you need to change direction immediately if you don’t want to collide with other aircraft. In general, Fly This HTML5 has an action puzzles online element, which promises not to disappoint you.
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Monday, July 8, 2013
TOO LOW AND TOO SLOW / SF COMMERCIAL PLANE CRASH
As a former Navy carrier pilot, I am acutely aware of the importance of the thrust, power and drag curve when landing. It appears, as the enclosed videos indicate, that the pilots realized too late that the commercial aircraft was too low and too slow to add power and gain altitude before the recent tragic crash at SF International airport: Allen L Roland
Having landed commercially at SF Airport countless times over the years, there is a few minute approach to the airport over water before landing which always reminds me of landing on the carrier as a Navy interceptor carrier pilot in the early 1960's.
As a Navy pilot, with over 150 all-weather landings, I was constantly aware of the thrust, power and drag curve as I maneuvered the plane for a landing on the carrier ~ always aware that if I got too low and too slow, the bottom would fall out of my ability to gain altitude by adding power, drag would prevail and the plane would stall and fall like a rock.
Here's an eyewitness report and video of the actual crash and a strong indication that the pilot was probably too low and too slow and vainly tried to abort the landing ~ two minute video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SY_yA7eJXpE
And here crash survivor (Eugene Rah) comments on the last few moments of the flight and his awareness that the aircraft was too low and too slow and how he braced himself before the crash ~ http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/us/2013/07/07/vo-plane-sf-plane-crash-on-cam.courtesy-fred-hayes#/video/us/2013/07/07/nr-sf-plane-crash-survivor-eugene-rah.cnn
"Flying is hours and hours of sheer boredom punctuated by seconds of stark terror." ~ Ernest Gann / Fate Is The Hunter
Allen L Roland
Freelance Alternative Press Online columnist and transformational counselor Allen L Roland is available for comments, interviews, speaking engagements and private Skype consultations (email@example.com )
Allen L Roland is a practicing psychotherapist, author and lecturer who also shares a daily political and social commentary on his web log and website allenroland.com He also guest hosts a monthly national radio show TRUTHTALK on www.conscioustalk.net


Billionaire and CEO of SpaceX, Elon Musk has great plans for the future. He is going to offer Starlink Internet to many people by launching his company’s satellite into space. So people can use high-speed internet. They are going to sell this internet connection to as many people as they can. The Starlink Internet will serve as a division of SpaceX that will consist of orbital satellites or constellations. The first of these satellites were launched into space in 2018. Now the company has come a long way with its project.


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Novatech - Thailand
Founded in 1992, Novatech provides full-scope solutions for aviation service vehicles including the design, manufacturing, repair, and upgrade of refuellers, hydrant dispensers, runway sweepers, runway rubber removal vehicles, and pit cleaning vehicles.
Novatech is recognised as the preferred partner to petroleum companies, commercial into-plane operators, and militaries across the region at various international airports.
All vehicles are custom-built to internationally accepted standards.
The company is fully quality accredited by the Management System Certification Institute to ISO 9001 : 2015
Power Force Technologies Pte Ltd
Power Force Technologies Pte Ltd provides Maintenance Services across a broad spectrum of Aviation Ground Support Equipment types to a diverse range of customers, primarily the Republic of Singapore Air Force and Local Aviation Companies.
The company was incorporated in 1993, when we recognized a need for an offering that combined premium products and services to the Military Ground Support Equipment Industry.
Over the years, we expanded our horizons beyond the GSE and move into Aircraft Arresting System maintenance and overhauling, supply of Solar Powered Airfield Lighting, Electric Buggy/Vehicle and Airport Equipment


Are you a Digital Payload System Architect who is looking to join one of the top companies in the Aerospace and Defense industry?
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Acara Solutions is seeking highly qualified candidates to work ON-SITE with our client in Montreal. QC. Interested?
Here's what you'd do:
- Work includes proposal and program efforts, front-end design, detailed analyses, and development, digital channelize and on-board processing design specification, evaluation of Payload throughput and link budgets for multi-beam systems, and integration and testing of the end product.
- The Telecommunication payload Systems Engineer is responsible for the design, analysis, implementation, optimization, and enhancement of end-to-end communication digital payload systems or subsystem elements related to the system architecture.
- Support/lead technical projects and end-to-end telecommunications systems engineering activities via satellite providing flexibility in terms of connectivity and capacity.
- Support the design of communication satellite Payloads from conventional RF bent pipe payloads to digital onboard processing payloads (transparent or regenerative).
- Generate/support system requirements definition and subsystem specifications for RF and digital equipment, including the following: Digital channel processor specifications, Direct Radiating Array (DRA) Phased Antenna with analog or digital Beam forming, High capacity multiple spot beam systems, Flexible payload including Multi-Port Amplifier
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Acara is a premier provider of recruiting and workforce solutions we help companies compete for talent. With a legacy of needs in various industries worldwide, we partner with clients, listen to their needs, and customize visionary talent solutions that drive desired business outcomes. We leverage decades of experience to deliver contingent staffing, direct placement, executive search, and workforce services worldwide.


Satellite Working Group
The Satellite Working Group is now focused on satellite 6G. The chapter contains an enriched description of use cases combining direct satellite access and satellite backhaul, satellite IoT, mmWave for satellite networks, network management aspects, QoS/QoE, security, and recent standardization activities by 3GPP, ETSI, ITU, and IEEE. Satellite 6G is expected to provide KPIs and QoS at an unprecedented level for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs). This chapter describes future technological challenges and solutions to achieve such ambitious goals.
|Working Group Co-Chairs||Email to contact to participate||Meeting Frequency/Time|
INGR (International Network Generations Roadmap) Publication - Latest Edition
Read the latest edition of the Optics INGR Chapter
Latest Event Activities
|Advanced Solutions for 6G Satellite Systems||19-21 July 2022||Virtual|
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Unfortuntely for me, the second Million Man March is a few days before the 100 Year Starship Symposium, an event I really hate to miss. Created by the first African American female in space, Dr. Mae Jemison, the 100YSS is "pushing radical leaps in knowledge, technology design and human systems for interstellar travel."
From Ocotber 29 to November 1st, NASA scientists, engineers, and experts come together and present "tracks" lectures covering Interstellar travel, propulsion and energy, star systems and destinations, communications, life in space and more.
This year's symposium is entitled " Finding Earth 2.0" and will be held in an epicenter of high tech innovation and big thinking....Silicon Valley. For more details go to http://100yss.org/symposium/2015


You were one of the lucky ones to get your new iPad. Good job! Now what? Go straight to the App Store and buy Apple’s game of the week Flight Control Rocket ($.99). This is a drag your retro spaceships safely (without panicking) into the larger spaceship game.
Optimized for the new iPad retina display, the next evolution of Firemint’s genre-defining top hit Flight Control, Flight Control Rocket takes players beyond the terrestrial skies of Earth and brings them into a whole new galaxy of adventure, action, and addictive path-drawing gameplay.


Experience history as you immerse yourself in the world’s first-ever spacewalk captured in cinematic VR outside the International Space Station. In spring 2021, Felix & Paul Studios sent the first-ever cinematic virtual reality camera designed to operate in the vacuum of space to the International Space Station. The result is a spectacular fully immersive experience that allows you to witness the world’s first spacewalk captured in cinematic VR as if you were actually there. Take in a view of our world like never before.
Produced by Felix & Paul Studios in association with TIME Studios
Written & Directed by Félix Lajeunesse & Paul Raphaël


The pilot who was killed when his F-15A that crashed into the Pacific Ocean off Tillamook Head on Tuesday has been identified as Maj. Gregory D. Young, 34, St. Helens.
The Oregon Air National Guard identified Young in a news release this morning.
"On behalf of the 142nd Fighter Wing, the Portland Air Base and the Oregon Air National Guard, I offer my heartfelt condolences to the family of our fallen airman. He was a very talented young man with many years of dedicated service to the protection of the freedoms we enjoy today. He will be deeply missed by our entire Air National Guard family," said Col. Steven D. Gregg, Commanding Officer, 142nd Fighter Wing.
The U.S. Coast Guard announced earlier this morning that it had recovered overnight the remains of the pilot, whose plane spiraled into the Pacific Ocean off Tillamook Head during training exercises.
"It's hard, it's really hard right now," Maj. Misti Mazzia, Air Guard spokeswoman said this morning.
Young's F-15A went down during an air-combat training exercise pitting four Oregon fighter pilots against Texas Marines.
The search involving Coast Guard cutters and helicopters and other military planes started right after Young's plane went down Tuesday about 1:30 p.m. and went into the night.
Searchers looked through an area 50 miles west of Cannon Beach where a "significant debris field" was found, said Capt. Mike Braibish of the Oregon National Guard.
The crash occurred under mostly clear skies. Young was flying with three-other Portland based pilots training with Fort Worth, Texas-based Marine Corps Reserve pilots flying four F/A-18 Hornets.
All the other jets returned safely to Portland. Mazzia would not say Tuesday if any other planes were damaged.
In July 2004, two U.S. Marine Reserve pilots flying out of the Portland Air Base died while training near Arlington in Eastern Oregon after their two F/A-18 jets collided. A third pilot survived with minor injuries. The three men were from the San Diego-based Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 134.
The area off the Oregon coast is a routine training ground for pilots based in Portland; the Texas pilots had been training with the Oregon Guard for about two weeks.
On Tuesday, Braibish said the pilot of the downed plane and three other pilots each were flying an F-15 out of the Portland base in a combat drill about 1:35 p.m., squaring off against the four F/A-18 Hornets in standard combat training maneuvers.
After the crash, Col. Steve Gregg, the commander of the 142nd Fighter Wing, said two Air Guard F-15s patrolled the air above the site.
The U.S. Coast Guard searched the area using a HH-60 Jayhawk helicopter from Astoria; a HH-65 Dolphin helicopter from North Bend; and a Coast Guard C-130 Hercules from Sacramento. The cutters, Active from Astoria, and Osprey from Port Townsend, Wash., also helped.
The Coast Guard originally believed a pilot in a second F-15 saw the pilot of the downed jet eject but later said the second pilot had not witnessed the ejection, Eggert said.
The Oregon Air National Guard base in Northeast Portland is home to 19 F-15 fighter jets. Their mission is air defense of the Pacific Northwest from Canada to Northern California.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.


Technology can be frightening. Cars, computers, and weaponry are largely innocuous when left alone; when combined with malicious human intent, however, their danger is magnified. For instance, on March 24, co-pilot Andreas Lubitz took control of Lufthansa Germanwings Flight 9525 and intentionally drove the airliner into the ground, killing both himself and 149 other passengers (“Lufthansa Says”). Although the crash itself attracted extensive media attention, reports revealing Lubitz’s unstable mental state (and Lufthansa’s awareness of the condition) have sparked debate regarding the way in which airlines ought to deal with mental illness. Such companies have a duty to continuously protect their passengers from possible dangers; as a result, airlines must institute new policies to ensure that their planes are safe from potentially suicidal pilots.
Lufthansa had preexisting knowledge of Lubitz’s mental illness. According to the New York Times, Lubitz had warned Lufthansa of his condition prior to re-enrolling in the company’s pilot training program: he had sent the airline medical documents outlining a “previous episode of severe depression” (“Lufthansa Says”). Regardless of such a state, however, Germanwings deemed Lubitz to be “100 percent flightworthy without any limitations” (“Lufthansa Says”). While the exact reasons for overlooking Lubitz’s depression are unclear, it is evident that regulators should have considered the potential implications of allowing a depressed individual to operate an airplane. On the other hand, however, it is possible that Lufthansa was not aware of the extent of Lubitz’s disorder. The airline’s current system requires pilots to self-report their medical and psychological problems (“Lufthansa Says”), making it more likely that individuals might understate the extent of their conditions in order to secure employment. It is therefore quite possible that the corporation might accidentally disregard a suicidal pilot.
Unfortunately, the recent Germanwings crash is not the only of its kind. In fact, there have been various instances internationally in which desperate pilots have set their planes on the path to destruction. For instance, on August 21, 1994, Royal Air Maroc ATR-42 crashed into the Atlas Mountains after the pilot disconnected the plane’s autopilot system (“List of Aircraft Accidents”). Similarly, in November 1976 a Russian aviator drove his plane into terrain near where his ex-wife resided, while in November 2013 the pilot of LAM Flight TM-470 committed suicide by flying his jet into the ground (“List of Aircraft Accidents”). This litany of mental illness-related tragedies demonstrates the possible consequences of combining emotional instability with transportation technology and highlights the need for increased regulation in the airplane industry. Airlines like Lufthansa therefore ought to take deliberate steps to ensure that their pilots are thoroughly examined prior to flying.
There are several possible methods by which airlines might protect their passengers from injurious aviators. In each situation described above, the crasher isolated himself from other crew members to ensure that his plans would be properly executed. As a result, mandating that two individuals always be present in the flight deck (and substituting flight attendants for pilots when necessary) should prevent an unstable pilot from having the opportunity to take full control of a jet (“Germanwings Crash”). Instituting a third pilot system could further enhance this preventative measure, as this arrangement demands that a co-pilot always has backup in case of an emergency (“Germanwings Crash”). Furthermore, airlines might take technologically-related steps to augment the safety of their carriers. For example, utilizing cockpit video cameras or introducing override systems (under which a plane is programmed to avoid contact with land) might deter pilots from pursuing, and therefore thwart, plans to harm citizens aboard major flights. In addition, while thorough background checks and physical examinations must always be conducted to ensure that pilots are qualified to fly the planes to which they are assigned, more extensive and detailed psychological analyses should help ensure that individuals are mentally sound. Such tests, however, must be conducted as considerately and conscientiously as possible to avoid stigmatizing those with mental conditions.
Every tragedy is not inevitable. Nonetheless, airplane passengers’ safety must never be intentionally jeopardized. Protecting these lives will require a combination of corporate-based steps (such as those outlined above), comprehensive application of preexisting governmental regulations, and lobbying for new legislation regarding hiring and retaining pilots. Only the amalgamation of these components will ensure that almost every airplane remains in the sky.
“List of Aircraft Accidents:” http://news.aviation-safety.net/2013/12/22/list-of-aircraft-accidents-caused-by-pilot-suicide/
“Germanwings Crash:” http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/27/europe/france-germanwings-plane-crash-pilot-threat/


I am on a scenic flight over Kakadu National Park. The top shot is from Maureen. Her hands were a bit steadier while on solid ground and she got this shot under the wing to show a twin of the plane we were about to take off in.
In the next image, we are swooping over the Kakadu flood plain. You see this type of terrain and think that perhaps even Indigenous tribes may never have set foot on some of the wilder and more remote places.
I am away at the coast for the next few days. I will catch up with all your posts on Wednesday.


Geopolitics, pp 52-54, February 2011, http://www.geopolitics.in/feb2011.aspx
A perusal of the institutional website of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) shows the basic template of the Indian Space agenda. The words of the father of Indian space programme, Dr Vikram Sarabhai are embedded in it.
It reads: “There are some who question the relevance of space activities in a developing nation. To us, there is no ambiguity of purpose. We do not have the fantasy of competing with the economically advanced nations in the exploration of the moon or the planets or manned space-flight. But we are convinced that if we are to play a meaningful role nationally, we must be second to none in the application of advanced technologies to the real problems of man and society………”
In fact, such a vision is also seconded by Rodham Narasimhan, the present director of India's Space Commission. He asserts that India’s forays into space are basically along the development paradigm, which concerns among others, “communications, remote sensing, and agricultural crop production.”
One thing is difficult to go unnoticed however. ISRO proclaims of a Human Space Flight and overtly ambitious planetary explorations as couple of its envisaged missions by 2025. Furthermore, ISRO also adds a comparatively novel agenda that it aims to use satellite based communication and navigation systems for security needs.
Such declarations though, appearing as deviations from the charted territory, probably have a sound logic since on the other hand; New Delhi’s ever-growing belligerent neighbour China has a slightly different outlook towards the agenda of utilising ‘space’.
In November 2000, Beijing published a ‘White Paper’ outlining the goals and guiding principles for its space programme. The core aspects can be enunciated in a nutshell:
“…….making the development of space activities cater to and serve the state’s comprehensive development strategy. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the significant role of space activities in implementing the strategy of revitalising the country with science and education and that of sustainable development, as well as in economic construction, national security, science and technology development and social progress.”
A simple comparison will easily elucidate the different regimes in which the two governments tread in terms of space activities. While Beijing also attaches importance to development pertaining to communications and socio-economic growth of a nation-state, it is not at all averse to ‘national security’ which arises as a spin-off from such activities.
However, India appears to be reluctant to ascribe any military significance to its space programme, more so in an explicit form. The phrase ‘security needs’ have necessarily been kept vague and basically pertains to internal security threats. Possibly such a reluctance forces Johnson-Freese, a China space specialist to assert that both India and Japan have space capabilities matching China's but, not the “political will” to use them the way China has.
Based on official statistics placed by ISRO, India has about 21 satellites. Out of them, ten are communication satellites, revolving in Geo-stationary Earth Orbits. Moreover, there are four surveillance satellites with imaging capabilities. They have resolutions of less than 2.5 metre. Furthermore, there are seven earth observation satellites.
Interestingly, these satellites are of dual use; that is, can be used for defence purposes too. But, till date, a military satellite per se, is absent.
However, the Indian Defence Ministry in May 2010, unveiled plans for dedicated military satellites for the Navy, Air Force and the Army. The purpose seems to address the specific space based communication requirements of the defence forces.
Apart from this, there are some further developments which indicate that New Delhi is considering to widen its options regarding space activities. Incidentally, ISRO has already achieved considerable expertise with regard to Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles (PSLVs) and has gone for successive commercial launches in a successful manner.
Nevertheless, there are still ‘more than miles to march’ for ISRO as it is yet to acquire efficiency in the Geo-stationary Launch Vehicles (GSLVs). The GSLV Mark-III is an ongoing project in that direction. It has been the fallout of the American muscle-flexing in a post-1991 world which coerced Russia not to part with the Cryogenic technology to India, citing obligations to the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
In fact, the lack of cryogenic technology has hindered India’s growth trajectory in terms of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), which are perceived as effective deterrents in an envisaged war-clime with Beijing.
In that regard, the ‘Christmas failure’ (on December 25, 2010) of ISRO to successfully launch the GSLV-F06 puts the Indian Space programme in a spot of bother. ISRO now has only one Russian cryogenic engine at its disposal. Hence if future ventures of Chandrayan-II, heavy payload-based communications satellites and other ambitious programmes are to see the light of the day, ISRO needs to bring the extraordinary out of its bag. Moreover, a failure in the ‘first stage’ of the rocket (as happened in the ‘Christmas failure’) does not augur well for the Indian Space programme.
Actually, any space maneuvering by India, though concealed within the yoke of the socio-economic model, has a security aspect naturally tied to it. And the rationale is provided by the rapid strides made by its northern neighbour, with which India has a persistent border problem. Hence, any move made by the Chinese in space, necessarily has an Indian countermove coming up.
For instance, the Chinese have sent humans to space three times. They have developed their land-based ICBMs. Moreover, they are in an apparently enviable position in terms of Anti-Satellite (ASAT) and Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) programmes, as far as India is concerned.
Thus, keeping in mind not only the aspect of prestige of matching China inch by inch, India is forced, all the more by strategic demands, to catapult its space programme to tally with that of Beijing.
ISRO’s former Chairman Dr Kasturirangan says that India has entered the “expansion phase” of its space programme since it has achieved the initial goals of economic growth with the help of space technology. Now, according to him, India can afford the luxuries of space science and possibly even human spaceflight. And with the overwhelming success of the nation-state’s first lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-I, probably he is quite right.
India’s future ambitions are the development of GSLVs, further lunar exploratory missions (Chandrayan-II), a two-stage-to-orbit reusable launch vehicle, human spaceflight, and further international cooperation to expand its horizons. The commercialisation in this venture has already received a strong fillip with the creation of Antrix Corporation, which markets Indian space capabilities around the world.
However, in a direct comparison with China, the Indian space programme appears to be lackadaisical and lacklustre. While both the countries started off more or less at the same time in the 1970s, China surely has outpaced India.
Continuing the comparisons between the two countries, it goes to show that where China has already exhibited its prowess in ASAT capabilities by successfully destroying an old satellite of itself in 2007, India is in a rudimentary stage in that regard. In fact, China also scores over India in terms of the number of satellites in orbit, with its 57 well over India’s 21.
Very recently, China’s space programme was in the news as on October 01 2010, it launched an unmanned lunar probe, Chang'e-II. This was part of the project to send a human being to the moon around 2020. China has also announced that it plans a manned space station by 2020.
Now, the moot question is whether both India and China are embarking on a ‘headless’ competition to have an edge against each other as the next leader in Asia? Or is venturing into space a natural consequence of high growth in technology? Moreover, is China over-stretching its resources like the erstwhile Soviet Russia in showcasing its space prowess? And if India follows China in that path, will it not dig its own grave in terms of the rationale of economics?
Furthermore, such developments portend a vigorous militarisation of space which is not desirable. In fact, Colonel Deepak Sharma of the Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi warns of such a possibility. He opines that “the vulnerability of space assets is a function of dependence on those assets”. Thus higher the dependence on space system, the higher will be the vulnerability. Hence, he advocates that the dependence on space assets needs to be reduced and in future, such a scenario is likely because of induction of the latest state-of-the art ‘other’ systems.
The negative aspects of weaponisation of space and the empty notion of self-aggrandisation notwithstanding, India certainly cannot negate its prospects of bolstering the space programme. With China’s ambitious rise in the backdrop, it is not only necessary, rather imperative for India to build upon the space activities and that too with alacrity and without compromising quality. Nonetheless, a couple of things are noteworthy in this regard.
One, India should not overstretch its financial resources so as to ‘just compete’ with China. Beijing may follow that particular path vis-à-vis America and might foment ambience of a new Cold War in Asia. But India needs to be prudent in that venture. Presently, the Chinese space budget is around US $2.2 billion per annum whereas India is way behind at almost one-third the amount. Hence, India needs to activate its budgetary allowances and aim for targets within prescribed durations. At the same time, financial destabilization needs to be thwarted by avoiding a blind adherence to the China Model.
Second, the Indian policy-makers need to appreciate that space is slowly emerging as the fourth frontier of warfare as it is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore space-based technology in our daily lives. And hence in the eventuality of a conventional war, India faces the risk of being rendered handicapped in terms of communications if it does not develop an effective deterrent in that direction.
To be dependent on the satellites of other countries in order to decrease the risk factor is a negative way of solving issues. More so, when ISRO has already developed a commercially viable space programme, a natural shielding becomes a necessity.
Donald Rumsfeld’s vision of a ‘Space Pearl Harbour’ and Ronald Reagan’s views on Space Wars might be too extravagant at present for the Indian scenario; however, that must not deter India to actively pursue an ambitious space programme with a vision of sending a human being to space and or with an over-ambitious plan of reaching Mars.
However, for such grand plans to fructify; international collaboration must be in the offing and in which both China and India can play significant role. Since both are yet to be parties to the International Space Station, both of them shall keep on contesting, with each other and with the rest of the world as well.


GENERATOR,GAS PRESSURE,PROPELLANT ACTUATED for FSG 13
A device consisting of one or more cylinders and a propellant charge(s). The charge(s) may be contained in a removable cartridge. It may be initiated mechanically or initiated electrically, utilizing one or more electrical ignition elements. It is designed to produce a steady flow of gas of a determined volume at a specific pressure and temperature for a given length of time to spin turbines, inflate life rafts, operate pumps which supply hydraulic pressure to missile controls, eject a guided missile from its launching tube, and the like. It may also be used to actuate aircraft escape systems.


We have watch this world in a normal angle for so many years, don’t you feel boring? I do. It’s time to change, buddy. The i Drone i9 RC Quadcopter can easily bring your eyeballs to the sky to overlook the world in a fantastic angle? Isn’t it excited?
The built-in drone camera is 5MP, which can deliver clear imagery. Certainly, that’s more than enough to make your horizon pretty clear in the sky.
And – the appearance is so cool!
The i Drone i9 RC Quadcopter does not use the common 8520 motor that most drones use. Nope, the i Drone i9 RC Quadcopter utilizes the powerful noble 1010 coreless DC motor which delivers superior horsepower and formidable flight endurance.
The usual flight time of the drone with a camera is about 12 minutes, but this drone outlasts them with a stamina extending to 15-20 minutes.
Let’s look at the features: 2.4GHz 4CH 6-axis Gyro, headless mode, one key return, and more! And the most important point is: you will never worry about your drone flying away and never coming back.
By flying this drone, you can fully enjoy the feeling of freedom – the controlling distance is a massive 300 meters! If you’re a drone fan, you will already know that a standard drone’s controlling distance is only around 100 meters.
It’s a great RC toy, right? If you are interested, enter Gearbest to view more details about this awesome Quadcopter.
Buddy, let i Drone i9 RC Quadcopter realize your overlooking the world crazy dream, it must be a fantastic experience ever.


Official NASA photograph of the VIP grandstand at the Apollo 14 viewing site at Launch Complex 39 on January 31st 1971. Signed by both legendary astronaut Neil Armstrong and the 39th Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew. Both are shown seated in the grandstand with Prince Juan Carlos and Princess Sofia of Spain beneath the American and Spanish flags. Double matted and framed. The entire piece measures 16.5 inches by 15 inches. Apollo 14 was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to land on the Moon, and the first to land in the lunar highlands. Completed by Commander Alan Shepard and Lunar Module Pilot Edgar Mitchell, the nine-day mission included a 33 1/2 hour visit to the lunar surface, during which Shepard hit two golf balls, the second of which he exuberantly exclaimed went "miles and miles and miles" in the low lunar gravity.


Here at Monico Movies we are very excited about our movie for June, The Martian.
Matt Damon stars as the astronaut Mark Watney stranded on Mars. This is a tale of survival against the odds, a Robinson Crusoe on Mars for the 21st century.
A team of astronauts hit by a violent storm have to abort their mission and leave for Earth. During the evacuation one of the crew members, Mark Watney, is hit by a projectile . Thinking he has died due to a rupture in his space suit, the rest of the crew leave him behind. However, Mark has survived and now has to find ingenious ways to remain alive till the next scheduled Mars mission in fours years time. NASA soon learns that he is alive. Will they succeed in bringing him back home?
Tickets £4 will be on sale at
Ginger Whites 10 Beulah Road,
Deri Stores 1 Wenallt Rd
The Honeypot Newsagent 93A Heol Llanishen Fach
Monico Movies start at 7.30pm and show at
Canolfan Beulah Church Community Centre,
Beulah Road, Cardiff, CF14 6LX


Sponsored Links: Instagram page @newsroomdaily posted a funny photo showing President Buhari in the pilot seat of a plane, pretending to fly it. See the photo below.. Where do you think PMB is flying us to in 2017? I am glad you enjoyed my story. Visit us at www.LailasBlog.com to stay updated with more interesting/exclusive news like these. Click HERE now to do that.


Our extensive supply chain covers all systems of the aircraft and engine. Our spare parts were manufactured by the original equipment manufacturer (O.E.M.) or other industry standard approvals. You can expect fast, personal follow-up by our friendly and knowledgeable sales team.
(Click any of the pictures for more information on that engine or aircraft.)


- piece of cardboard 30 by 25 cm (box)
- space wallpaper or blue crepe paper
- gold and silver foil
- scraps paper and cardboard
- metallic supplies like candle holders, stones, beads etc. .
During a school project about space students of grade 5 made the International Space Station - ISS, where Dutch astronaut André Kuipers currently stays. We saw photographs of the ISS and talked about the different parts of it.All students get a piece of cardboard and wallpaper or crepe paper. With different materials they make their own representation of the ISS.


Fri, 6 January 2017
Is 2017 the year that everybody gets to go to space? Well, no, probably not. But the groundwork is there for us to do it thanks to the doctors and astronauts that pioneered space medicine.
Music: "Medicines" by The Taxpayers
Direct download: Sawbones168SpaceMedicine.mp3
Category:general -- posted at: 12:48pm EDT


2017926 · LM21 is a state-of-the-art luminance sensor for runway visual range (RVR) assessment. The background luminance has an effect on the distance from which the pilot can see the runway lights. Resembles Human Eye LM21 is a precision photometer with a verified photopic spectral response. It measures the total amount of light coming in from
2014114 · The LM21 is a precision photometer with a spectral response similar the human eye. The LM21 measures the total amount of light coming in from an angle of 6 degrees, and converts the measured data to cd/m 2. The LM21 sends the measurement data to the interface unit of a Vaisala transmissometer or forward scatter visibility sensor.
2023318 · LM21 (Loganair) - Live flight status, scheduled flights, flight arrival and departure times, flight tracks and playback, flight route and airport. The world’s most popular flight tracker. Track planes in real-time on our flight tracker map and get up-to-date flight status & airport information.
202066 · This study investigated the microstructure, physical, and mechanical properties of die-cast A308 alloy subjected to mechanical vibration during solidification. Different frequencies (0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 Hz) at constant amplitude (31 μm) were employed using a power amplifier as the power input device. X-ray diffraction, optical
2005831 · Lockheed Martin has been using Six Sigma and Lean since the late 90s. Like many other companies the early use of the methodologies took place in small pockets around the company without a centralized effort. Then in 1999 Lockheed Martin started the LM21 initiative. LM21 stands for Lockheed Martin in the 21st Century and is the premier
20221121 · موقعیت جغرافیایی بورکینافاسو در غرب آفریقا واقع شده و از شمال و غرب با مالی، از شرق با نیجر و بنین و از جنوب با توگو، غنا و ساحل عاج همسایه است. مساحت آن ۲۷۴،۲۰۰ کیلومتر مربع و پایتخت آن اوآگادوگو است.


The world’s fastest plane, the Lockheed Martin SR-72, is projected to conduct a flight test in 2025, eight years following initial private proposal in 2013.
The SR-72 will succeed the SR-71 Blackbird, the world’s fastest piloted aircraft, which broke speed records in 1974 before being withdrawn by the US Air Force in 1998.
The SR-72, or “Son of Blackbird,” is a recon, surveillance, and strike aircraft that will be unmanned, hypersonic, and reusable. The aircraft’s striking capability is highlighted because it will purportedly support Lockheed Martin’s revolutionary High-Speed Strike Weapon (HSSW). The aircraft’s combat skills allow it to strike its target in hazardous environments where slower manned planes would be at risk.
The project had to be delayed for several years since the technology to create the plane was overambitious when it was revealed in 2013.
The SR-72 is expected to reach a top speed of Mach 6, or 4,603 mph (7.400 kph), leaving it almost twice as fast as its predecessors and capable of eluding modern fighter fighters.
A revolutionary turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) power technology is thought to be responsible for the large speed increase. This, paired with an existing dual-mode ramjet, would have allowed it to circumnavigate the world in a matter of hours, significantly faster than any other airliner.
While the stated progress, development, and production timetables remain hazy, Lockheed announced in late 2018 that an SR-72 prototype will fly before 2025, with the plane possibly entering service in the 2030s.
Hypersonic technology in airplanes has already been making headlines all around the world, as this is good news for Lockheed Martin. China’s hypersonic weapon launch in July, for example, took intelligence services, including the US Space Force, off surprise. Despite missing its intended objective, China’s supersonic technology is more advanced than that of any other country. China appears to be in front, but it still has a long road ahead to go to finish the championship.


In a bold start to 2024, Oreo has introduced Space Dunks, a new limited-edition flavor inspired by the galaxy. On January 23, 2024 the popular cookie brand unveiled "Space Dunk," inviting Oreo enthusiasts on an expedition to the edge of space.
This cosmic addition features layers of blue and pink "cosmic creme" with a marshmallowy flavor, complemented by popping candies that create a supernova bursting sensation with each bite.
What makes Space Dunk truly out of this world is not just its flavor profile but also the introduction of five never-before-seen "galactic embossments." For the first time in Oreo history, there's a small cutout in the cookie itself, allowing fans to peer through the outer shell and witness the colorful creme. This innovative touch adds a unique dimension to the overall experience.
Oreo's decision to explore this outer-space treat was inspired by a partnership with Space Perspective, the world's first carbon-neutral spaceflight experience company. Space Perspective aims to make space travel accessible to all, and this collaboration has resulted in a special release of the cookie for consumers.
For those lucky enough to grab a package of the limited-edition Space Dunk Oreos (already available at select Costco stores for just over $13 for a 40-pack, and pre-orders can be placed at the Oreo website ), there's an exciting opportunity. By scanning the QR code on the package, or going to LiftOff.OREO.com , fans stand a chance to win a transformative six-hour journey to the edge of space in Space Perspective's Spaceship Neptune—an experience within a pressurized capsule propelled gently by a SpaceBalloon™.
The sweepstakes, open to U.S. and Puerto Rico residents aged 18 and older, will conclude on April 5. The trip is tentatively scheduled for 2025, but subject to availability and, if it doesn't take place, an alternate cash prize is available. (Medical restrictions may apply.)
Space Perspective Spaceship Neptune requires no special training and no weightlessness. The winner will have Wi-Fi, a space spa and meal and cocktail service, as well as plenty of complimentary Oreo cookies.


Watch NASA Live
One of the great things about living here on the Florida East Coast is the ability to see the rockets launch from our very own back yard. Quite a site to see. NASA usually broadcasts the launches on a live stream as well so if you cannot see it from your backyard you can see it from here. Enjoy!


In IFR situation you can forge the essential control signals used by the ILS system without touching the instrumentation of the airplane.
There are two principles of airplane control: VFR (Visual Fight rule) when you can clearly see the track the plane should follow; IFR (Instrumental flight rule) when the visibility is poor or insufficient for proper governance. In IFR case the track of the final approach is determined by the signals of ILS (Instrumental Landing System). ISL signals are thought not to be forged because the antennas of the system are on the ground on well-defined positions and radiating steady radio signals. The airplane evaluates those signals, the LOC (Localiser) and GL (Glide slope) and calculates its own position related to the center of those signals. The LOC and GL signals conduct the plane to the touch-down point like a funnel. The field strength of the ILS signal is very weak on the plane because field strength weakens by according to the square of the distance. If you can generate and radiate ILS-like signals on board those will kick the original signal out and substitutes them with your signals. All you have to do: learn the GPS coordinates of the targeted/intended touch-down point, learn the exact GPS position of the plane and generating and radiating your LOC and GL signals. You only need a commercial GPS and /or GLONASS receiver, a laptop, a special (home brew) "ILS-modem" and two tiny (5 mW) transmitters. On the other hand you can emulate ILS signal on airfields without ILS support.


- White Tall Extended Landing Gear for DJI Phantom 1 2 Vision Wide and High
- It is taller, wider than the stock landing gear.
- These landing gear fit on all Phantom versions (Phantom 1 / 2 / 2 with H3-3D / FC40/ vision / vision+). The new Phantom 2 with H3-3D and Phantom 2 Vision+ has the same body and mounting position as Phantom 2, so the landing leg can fit on all of them.
- These landing gear has larger holes in the mounting position so you no longer have difficulty running wires through them.
- It will provide enough ground clearance for not only Zenmuse H3-2D Gopro gimbals, but also many other bigger Gopro gimbals, such as the Tarot T-2D.
List Price: $9.99
Your Price: $9.99-
The curved design and extra ground clearance serve as a safty buffer in case you have a hard landing.
White Tall Extended Landing Gear for DJI Phantom 1 2 Vision Wide and High. It is taller, wider than the stock landing gear. .


Take some time to transcribe PyCon 2014 talks! Click on the "Share" button below the video and then "Subtitle" to get started.
- Number of videos:
The Chandra X-ray Observatory has been producing significant astronomical discoveries since its launch by NASA in July of 1999. The Chandra operations team uses Python for predictive thermal modeling of the spacecraft to maintain a safe thermal environment. This poster describes the Xija modeling framework that is used to create, calibrate, and compute these thermal models.


A satellite tv for pc fabricated from wooden feels like an idea ripped from the pages of Leonardo da Vinci’s sketchbooks. However Finnish firm Arctic Astronautics needs to launch one into house by the top of 2021.
The WISA Woodsat, a microsatellite constructed out of plywood, was hoisted via weather balloon Saturday nearly 20 miles above Earth. It was within the stratosphere to check the plywood development in space-like circumstances.
It was armed with a selfie persist with doc its journey and a sensor package deal supplied by the European Space Agency.
A bodily unimposing 4-inch dice, Woodsat’s “space plywood,” made by UPM Plywood, is dried out in a vacuum chamber and coated in a skinny layer of aluminum oxide to maintain it from degrading amid the highly reactive oxygen above the Earth’s environment.
The little wood satellites are constructed for easy radio communication, and are capable of ship messages and pictures around the globe between floor relay stations. They’re extra sustainable spinoffs of Arctic Astronautics’ Kitsats, that are meant for use by hobbyists and college students for instructional functions.
The Woodsat’s first flight lasted for almost three hours earlier than the balloon popped (on objective) and the satellite tv for pc careened again to Earth, the place it was efficiently recovered with no sudden harm.
The satellite tv for pc will probably be launched into orbit by non-public house firm Rocket Labs’ Electron rocket.
On the sustainability entrance, making satellites out of plywood as an alternative of aluminum or metal takes a lot much less of a toll on the atmosphere. Plus plywood is so much cheaper.
Crewed satellites just like the Worldwide Area Station will not be fabricated from wooden anytime quickly, due to the strain exerted from the oxygen contained in the station and the specter of tiny meteoroid punctures. However communication satellites do not should be fairly as structurally robust.
This might be a mannequin for cheaper, extra sustainable satellites — so long as the orbital take a look at goes effectively.