With no form of worship or ritual of repentance, no chanting of sutras, no textual tradition, and with an emphasis on "pointing straight to the human heart" and "seeing Buddha truth within your own nature" that blends in with esoteric Taoism, Ch'an Buddhism became widely accepted and grew into a major religion which flourished for four centuries and made its way to Japan.
而沒有禮拜與懺悔儀式，不念經，不立文字，講「直指人心」、「見性成佛」等已與黃老玄思相融的禪宗，也得到朝野認同，逐漸蔚為大宗，風行了四百多年，且流傳到日本。凝心端坐，何處惹塵埃？