"Between its initial establishment and reaching full maturity, any stock market must pass through the phases of manipulation and market fragility," Frank Yeh observes on the basis of the normal market development model.
「股市由創立期、成長期要發展到成熟期，一定會經過操縱期與崩盤期的階段」，葉楠宗根據一般股市發展模式指出。