All this has contributed to making the seventh month in the lunar calendar popularly regarded as "ghost month." With the introduction into China of the cult of Ksitigharbha, the Chinese also absorbed Buddhist concepts of the cosmos, deities and spirits of the dead.
「地獄」的觀念在中國生根後，也產生了有趣的變化，共同執掌十八層地獄的「十殿閻王」都清一色被「本土化」，其中最有威權的當然是已被民間奉為「閻羅王」的第五殿閻王﹘﹘鐵面無私的包青天了。