Many NPOs had a strongly personal style of operations, being led by a fatherlike figure upon whom they'd rely to solve all the problems. There would be no organizational system to speak of, nor any performance reviews, and many NPOs faced the threat of having no "heir to the throne."
許多 NPO 組織具有濃厚的個人色彩，採家長式領導，靠領導人打天下的結果，缺乏制度化運作、客觀成效評估等，很多組織因而有「後繼無人」的危機。