Asians cannot expect to have skin with a permanent alabaster hue. Currently a number of ingredients are recognized to be effective whiteners, including matteucinin, sinistrogyric vitamin C, and vitamin A acid. The problem is how such ingredients can be absorbed by the skin.
目前被認為有美白功效的成分有杜鵑花酸、左旋維他命Ｃ、麴酸、維他命Ａ酸等，問題是這些成分如何被皮膚吸收？