Two wars (the Vietnam War involving the US, which ended in 1975, and the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War) left Vietnam in a sorry state where people found it hard to make a living. In 1986 the government decided to embark on economic reforms that would encourage foreign investment to spur modernization. Vietnam was about ten years behind China on its path toward economic liberalization.
歷經 1975 年南北越統一戰爭、1979 年中越戰爭後，越南民不聊生，終於在 1986 年決定改革經濟，引進外資協助越南走向現代化，這一步，整整比中國晚了 10 年。