There he began reading large amounts of Western literature, including James Joyce's Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Finnegan's Wake, as well as Henry James 'psychological works.
他開始大量閱讀西洋文學，如愛爾蘭小說家喬埃斯的傳記體小說《一個年輕藝術家的畫像》及其意識流小說《芬妮根的守靈》，以及美國作家亨利詹姆斯的心理學派作品，更迷上了猶太裔人本主義哲學家與精神分析心理學家弗洛姆的著作。