There are also many volunteers who have received neither training nor even a volunteer's guidebook, including more than a million members of the Tzu Chi Foundation, whose system is quite different than those of international organizations.
除此之外，許多志願服務者沒有加入社團，未曾受過訓練，也未領有志工手冊，其中包括具有百萬會眾、自成體系的慈濟功德會。