In 1953, military resistance to Indonesian rule broke out across virtually the entire province, and guerilla conflicts large and small raged for decades.
隔年印尼政府和亞齊領袖達成協議：亞齊獨立成一省，並開放宗教和教育的部分權限。可惜政府未完整兌現承諾，以致 1953 年亞齊爆發反印尼的武力抗爭，幾乎佔領亞齊全境，此後大小游擊戰不斷。