At the beginning and end of Chapter 61, Laozi emphasizes that peace among men depends upon the attitude of large nations. If there is to be peace, the latter must give smaller nations breathing space, rather than running roughshod over them.
老子在此章開頭、結尾重覆強調：人類和平與否系於大國態度，大國應謙下包容，不可自恃強大而凌越弱小。