In the early years of research in the 1960s, efforts were devoted to research on vaccines. Vaccinatio the injecting of dead or weakened bacteria or viruses into the body, stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies, allowing the body to "know the face of the enemy."
在六○年代研究初期免疫學主要用在疫苗的研究，也就是把處理過的病菌或病毒注射到人體裡，刺激免疫系統產生相應的抗體，「認出敵人的面目」。