The bronze and jade articles from the earliest antiquity bear the marks of different tribal groups; the extraordinarily finely carved Hindustan jades from Northern India and the Anatolian Peninsula bear a strong flavor of Islam. Porcelain from the Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties (non-Han dynasties in the period 907-1368) is markedly distinct from the porcelain of the Song and Ming dynasties, but there are also signs of mutual influence.
雕琢異常精細的「痕都斯坦玉」，傳自北印度及土耳其半島，泛著濃厚的伊斯蘭風味；遼金元三朝瓷器，和宋明瓷器系統有顯著差別，卻也有交融的痕跡；有些青花瓷以波斯文字做裝飾圖案；藏傳法器和滿族服飾，也流露不同於漢族的風情。