In his article "Ceremonies in Twilight," Sun Ta-chuan, the first ever PhD candidate from Hsiapinlang, wrote: "Traditional Puyuma society was built on a strict palakuwan system as well as age stratification.
下賓朗村的第一位準博士孫大川在「黃昏裡的祭典」一文中寫道，「傳統卑南族的社會組織，主要建立在嚴密的『會所制度』（Palakuwan）以及『年齡階級」上。