At the end of the 19th century, while most artists continued to create pure art, many French artists also began to integrate aesthetics into the Industrial Revolution. They made cups and furniture, and some even created exquisite cast-iron designs in Metro stations which were in no way aesthetically inferior to traditional works of art.
十九世紀末，在法國，除了純藝術的創作，還有很大一部分的美跟工業革命連在一起。許多藝術家投身製作杯子、家具，以鑄鐵在捷運站的入口作出線條優美的百合花圖案，其意義並不亞於一位畫家。