Alfred Chen observes that for instance the USA has repeatedly hoisted such banners as ending China's Most Favored Nation status, "Section 301," and intellectual property rights, threatening to impose trade sanctions and retaliation against the PRC.
陳飛龍指出，譬如美國三番兩次祭出「取消最惠國待遇」、「三○一條款」、「智慧財產權保護法」等大旗，揚言對中共實施貿易制裁及報復。