Aceh in northwest Sumatra remained independent for much of the nearly 300 years during which the Dutch controlled what was to become present-day Indonesia. The battle for Aceh, which commenced in earnest during the final stage of the Dutch unification of Indonesia, lasted 40 years. The Dutch finally extended their control into the province in 1912, but at a heavy cost.
然而從在荷蘭陸續佔領印尼大小島嶼的近 300 年間，只有位於蘇門答臘西北端的亞齊未被染指，還在荷蘭完成統一印尼的最後階段，與其纏鬥 40 年，這場「亞齊戰爭」使荷蘭人付出了慘重代價，才在 1912 年將統治權伸入亞齊。