As with most other Taiwanese farming areas, Checheng's population began to flow outward, with the aged remaining behind. At present the township has barely more than 10,000 residents, most of whom work in agriculture.
和台灣大部分農村一樣，車城鄉人口外流與老化的情形嚴重，目前全鄉僅有一萬多人，以務農居多。