Old and new The examination system had always been the ladder by which traditional literati advanced. The alteration of this path brought educational reform in its wake. It was a major turning point in the history of higher education in China.
科舉一向是傳統士紳的晉身之階，仕途改變，引來教育改革，雖是被動的，卻是中國高等教育的一大轉折。