In New York in the 1960s, researchers seeking to understand how a weakened immune system affected the spread of cancer injected mentally deficient, chronically ill, and immune-compromised patients with cancer cells without their consent. Researchers looking for an alternative treatment for streptococcus infection deliberately withheld penicillin from patients without their knowledge, ultimately causing 25 to develop rheumatic fever.
1960 年代，美國紐約有研究者為了瞭解免疫力不佳如何影響癌症擴散，竟在未經同意下，在失智、慢性病患及免疫力差的病人身上注射癌細胞；有研究者為尋找鏈球菌感染的替代療法，在未告知病人的情況下，刻意不給病人施予青黴素治療，導致 25 名病患發展成風濕熱。