Many intellectuals concluded that another revolution was necessary to save China. By that time, Sun Yat-sen had already established the Whampoa military academy and begun building the National Revolutionary Army. This period also witnessed the rise of radical communist thinking.
大局頹墮至此，知識份子都認為唯有再次革命才能救中國，當時中山先生已建立黃埔軍校、組織「國民革命軍」，激進的共產主義革命思潮也隨之興起。