The Ming replaced Mongol rule, and after Han Chinese had reassumed positions of power, they began a strict program of complete "sinicization" to reassert the dominant position of Han culture. Muslims were gradually sinified, with the imperial court using various means, such as assigning Muslims Chinese surnames, to integrate them into mainstream society. In the stable society of that time, the number of believers rose greatly.
明朝接替蒙古人的統治，所以在回復漢人政權後，便厲行全面「漢化政策」，頗有點「文化復興」的味道，明朝的回教徒在大環境中逐漸漢化，朝廷還以賜姓等方式使回教徒融入主流社會，教徒人數也在安定的社會中大幅成長。