As far as the metabolism is concerned.Hung Chien-te points out that monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides all have calories, and the body needs to increase its production of insulin to metabolize them. This increases the chance of arteriosclerosis.
另外，由新陳代謝的觀點來看，洪建德指出，無論是單糖、雙糖、寡糖、多糖都有熱量，要代謝這些東西，必須增加胰島素的用量，相對的也增加了動脈硬化的機會。