bear and nurture but do not own, act but do not lay claim, work but do not vaunt their achievements. "Chen Ku-ying, who is versed in both Chinese and Western philosophy, says that humans are apt to be" possessive, "and the British philosopher Bertrand Russell had high praise for Laozi's philosophy of" giving rein to one's creative urges and extinguishing one's possessive urges. "
老子說「生而不有，為而不恃，功成而弗居」，中、西哲學並治的陳鼓應說，人容易充滿「佔有」的衝動，英國哲學家羅素最為推崇老子「發揮創造衝動，熄滅佔有衝動」的哲學。