There were dramatic changes in the internal and external political and social environments in 1925. In China, Sun Yat-sen accepted advisors from the Communist Third International, and reorganized the Kuomintang under a policy of alliance with the Soviet Union, cooperation with the Communist Party of China, and support for workers ’ and farmers ’ movements.
日本則在當年正式實行普選，農民黨等社會主義政黨紛紛出現。此時台灣島內發生蔗農因與會社協商收購價格不成而形成衝突的「二林事件」，各地紛紛成立「農民組合」，並串聯成全島性的「台灣農民組合」。