Li Yih-yuan of the Academia Sinica explains in his essay "The Cosmology of Chinese Ghosts" that this represents "a product of disorder." Ghosts who are not worshipped and who are not watched over go around causing trouble.
中研院院士李亦園在「中國鬼的宇宙觀」一文中解釋，這就是代表「沒有秩序的東西」；沒人拜、沒人管，於是到處害人。