According to the traditional definition, naturally textbooks provide the models for study. But Confucius said, "Where you see wisdom, strive to emulate and outdo it; where you see foolishness, take silent warning." The Chinese have a long tradition of modeling their behavior on saints and sages.
依照傳統定義，教科書當然是學習的範本，孔老夫子則說過「見賢思齊焉，見不賢而內自省也」，中國人一向有師法聖賢的傳統。