In 2002, institutional investors including Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs, and HSBC created the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), which every year distributes a questionnaire to major businesses around the world (4,500 in 2010). The CDP gathers data on large companies 'carbon emissions and carbon-risk management, then provides it to investors.
早在 2002 年，由美林、高盛、匯豐等投資機構發起的「碳揭露專案」（CDP），每年都會對各國企業「大咖」發出問卷（2010 年發了 4,500 家），以瞭解大型企業的碳排放資訊和對碳風險的管理績效，做為各金主投資的參考。