Penghu came under Chinese rule four centuries before mainland Taiwan, in 1281. Kublai Khan attacked Japan but was forced to retreat, and set up a base on Penghu.
澎湖設治其實比台灣本島早了四百多年，西元 1281 年，元世祖率兵攻打日本鎩羽而歸後，在澎湖設置巡檢司，作為日後再出擊日本的兵站。