Topology is a branch of mathematics which investigates the relationships within a system when the whole configuration is subject to a transformation. The concept can be used to turn a problem around, and lead to a ready solution by avoiding what is at the surface of the problem.
拓樸學（意譯為位向學）是數學的一支。研究的是整個系統經過轉化後，系統中物體的相對關係。