In another article, Huang Jui-mao has observed: "A city is an artificial environment created by human beings over time, imbued with collective emotions accumulated over long periods of the human struggle for existence, and expressed in a real spatial environment through the concerns and practical operation of a specific culture.
而黃瑞茂也為文指出，「都市是人類在時間向度上的人造環境現象；其中蘊含著人類長期求生存所累積的集體感受，並藉由特定文化的關懷和實踐呈現在真實的空間環境中。