The "wrinkle" technique [the technique of showing the shades and texture of rocks and mountains by light ink strokes] developed by the landscape artists of the time represents neither earth nor rock, but something more fundamental. In the West, concepts like these were first developed by Cezanne in the 19th century.
當時的山水畫家所「格」出的皴法，既不是土壤也不是岩石，而是更本質的元素，這樣的觀念在西方十九世紀的塞尚開始發展。