Although the form of power for this industry remained stuck at this crude level for centuries (the first modern sugar refinery was established only in 1900), the technique was productive enough to allow for the export of cane sugar to Japan and Europe. Rice, meanwhile, was exported mainly to mainland China.
雖然生產動力基本上停留在初級階段（一九○○年才有新式糖廠），但蔗糖已經外銷日本、歐洲，稻米則與大陸交易。