The head of a hospital, in the prime of his life and holding a medical doctorate from France, by the time Ma reemerged from his ordeal his fingers were so damaged that he could no longer wield a scalpel.
擁有法國醫科大學博士學位的他，勞改前正當壯年，擔任醫院院長，出來後手指殘廢，再也無法重操手術刀。