The ancient medical classic Suwen enumerates "Five grains for nutrition, five fruits, five meats for benefit, five plants for fullness" as a means of maintaining energy. This accords rather closely with the rationale of food structure that most dieticians recommend.
「內經素問」篇早提出「五穀為養，五果為助，五畜為益，五菜為充」的調理精神，這與營養學家所提倡的膳食結構合理化的說法相符。