Liu Huan-hsien points out that early on Japan also hoped that international auction companies would take them into the international market, but after a number of events they discovered that the efficacy of this was not very forthcoming. Finally they took a negative view of Sotheby's, Christie's and a number of other international auction companies.
劉煥獻指出，當初日本也是希望經由國際拍賣公司進入國際市場，但幾次以後發現功效不彰，最後轉而排斥蘇富比、佳士得等國際拍賣公司。