But the traditional Chinese concepts of "to have many descendants is an assurance of longevity and bliss," and "to fail to produce a male heir is the gravest offense against filial piety" and others meant that the money and labor was expended to no avail.
可是，中國人「多子多孫多福壽」、「不孝有三，無後為大」等傳統觀念根深蒂固，一時很難扭轉，在這種情形下，政府雖然一再鼓吹倡導，並且投下了大量的人力和財力，效果卻不顯著。