The township covers 121 square kilometers and has a population of 12,500. The 70 % of its residents who are Hakka make it the most "purely" Hakka of Taiwan's townships. The remaining 30 % of the population includes Aborigines, ethnic Chinese, and Taiwan's so-called waishengren-those who emigrated from the Chinese mainland after 1949.
全鎮總面積約 121 平方公里，人口約 1 萬 2,500 人，其中 7 成為客家人，是全台灣最「純正」的客家小鎮之一，另外 3 成則為原住民、漢人和外省族群所組成。