Not only "can" consumers be cheated, but manufacturers find they "must." The pressures of industrial development and oversupply force them to design packaging and advertisement aimed at exaggerating advantages and concealing defects as much as possible.
消費者有被欺騙的「可能」，廠商則有欺騙人的「必要」﹘﹘由於工業發達，產品供過於求，為了加強促銷，大企業不惜高薪聘請專攻消費心理的專家設計商品與廣告。