Zhuangzi (Chuang-tzu) states that if one's view of the world is clouded by preconceptions and expectations, then it is impossible to live beyond the physical limitations faced by ordinary human beings, for one is not living in harmony with the "Dao" of the universe.
莊子《逍遙遊》篇章以神仙、真人比喻「道」，指出若以成見看待事物，對事物有所期待，就無法優游自得、逍遙物外，不符合「道」。