A split in the party ﹘ with more conservative elements leaving to form the Alliance for Self-Government in Taiwan ﹘ gave the authorities the excuse they were looking for, allowing them to claim that the TPP had been taken over by extremists.
回顧這段歷史，蔣渭水對台灣文化啟蒙運動的影響，以及「台灣民眾黨」時期對社會政治改革的貢獻，史家均給予很高的評價。