But electroplating first requires that rust and impurities on the metal be washed away using nitric acid or other solvents. The electroplating process itself requires use of liquid which includes an incredibly toxic ingredient. Waste water includes poisonous heavy metal ions of nickel, zinc, and copper.
但電鍍前要經過「酸洗」處理﹘ ﹘用鹽酸、硝酸等溶劑洗去鐵片上的鏽垢；電鍍本身又要使用含有劇毒的氰化物電鍍液，同時排放出來的廢水還有鎳、銅、鋅等有毒重金屬離子。