On the cultural front, it advocated replacing Confucianism, which had influenced Chinese intellectual life for thousands of years, with Western "democratic" and "scientific" modes of thinking. On the political front, it fostered the development of Marxism in China.
文化上，五四換掉了中國人數千年來的傳統腦袋，高喊「打倒孔家店」，並且鼓吹西方「民主」與「科學」的新觀念；政治上，則是滋養了馬克思主義在中國的發展。