"The Song painters firstly applied their perceptual powers to closely observe birds, flowers and other plants with deep interest, and then their rational powers in the attempt to bring out the eternal beauty of the universe from their real-world observations," says Ko Ching-ming.
「宋代畫家先是感性地對花鳥植物充滿興趣的細細觀察，接著以理性的思維，希望在實際的觀察中歸納出一種宇宙永恆的美感」，柯慶明表示。