Around 1980, although the Vietnamese government had relaxed its policies and was allowing the Chinese to return to the cities, it was still holding to the Soviet model of industrial development. The emphasis on centralized control and planning of production, and the all-out development of heavy industry this entailed, led to a drastic fall in production and general shortages.
八○年左右，越南政府雖放鬆政策，准許華人陸續返回城市，可是當時越南的工業政策採取蘇聯的發展模式，強調中央集權控制生產計畫，全力發展重工業，以致生產效率低落，民生物資匱乏。