You are an AI assistant. You will be given a task. You must generate a detailed and long answer.
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Q:Keith is a physician in a local hospital. He is treating a patient with respiratory problem. He looked at two different states of the patient's diaphragm, state A and state B. In state A the the diaphragm contracted, but in state B the diaphragm relaxed. He now needs to figure out other phenomena related to this.  Would the air pressure inside lungs increase or decrease in state A?  Hint: Inhaling is an active movement that results from the contraction of a muscle called the diaphragm. The diaphragm is large, sheet-like muscle below the lungs (see Figure below ). When the diaphragm contracts, the ribcage expands and the contents of the abdomen move downward. This results in a larger chest volume, which decreases air pressure inside the lungs. With lower air pressure inside than outside the lungs, air rushes into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, the opposite events occur. The volume of the chest cavity decreases, air pressure inside the lungs increases, and air flows out of the lungs, like air rushing out of a balloon.
A:
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In State A, when the diaphragm contracts, the phenomenon occurs as follows:

1. Contraction of the diaphragm: The diaphragm is a large, sheet-like muscle located below the lungs. It plays a crucial role in the inhalation process. When the diaphragm contracts, it flattens and moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity.

2. Expansion of the ribcage: As the diaphragm contracts, it pulls the lower ribs upward and outward, causing the ribcage to expand. This expansion increases the volume of the chest cavity.

3. Movement of abdominal contents: The contraction of the diaphragm pushes the contents of the abdomen downward, further contributing to the increase in chest volume.

4. Decrease in air pressure inside the lungs: As the chest cavity volume increases, the air pressure inside the lungs decreases. According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when the temperature remains constant. So, when the volume of the chest cavity increases, the pressure inside the lungs decreases.

5. Air rushes into the lungs: Due to the decrease in air pressure inside the lungs, air from the atmosphere, which is at a higher pressure relative to the lungs, rushes into the lungs to equilibrate the pressure difference. This process is called inhalation.

In conclusion, the air pressure inside the lungs would decrease in State A as a result of the diaphragm contracting, leading to an increased chest cavity volume and enabling the patient to inhale air. Conversely, in State B, when the diaphragm relaxes, the process would be reversed. The chest cavity volume would decrease, leading to an increase in air pressure inside the lungs, resulting in exhalation of air.
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