<div class="chunk-title">Sec. 18-43.1. - Coastal high hazard area (zone VE).</div>
<div class="chunk-content">
            <p class="p0">
               Coastal high hazard areas are special flood hazard areas established in article III,
               <a href="" data-chunk-id="CD_ORD_CH18FLDAPR_ARTIIIGEPR_S18-7BAESSPFLHAAR" class="section-link" data-product-id="14528">section 18-7</a>, and designated as zones VE. These areas have special flood hazards associated with
               high velocity waters from storm surges or seismic activity and, therefore, all new
               construction and substantial improvements shall meet the following provisions in addition
               to the provisions of article V, <a href="" data-chunk-id="CD_ORD_CH18FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S18-40GEST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14528">sections 18-40</a> and <a href="" data-chunk-id="CD_ORD_CH18FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S18-41SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14528">18-41</a>:
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (1)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  All new construction and substantial improvements shall:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Be located landward of the reach of mean high tide;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Comply with all applicable CAMA setback requirements.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (2)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  All new construction and substantial improvements shall be elevated so that the bottom
                  of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor (excluding pilings
                  or columns) is no lower than the regulatory flood protection elevation. Floodproofing
                  shall not be utilized on any structures in coastal high hazard areas to satisfy the
                  regulatory flood protection elevation requirements.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (3)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  All new construction and substantial improvements shall have the space below the bottom
                  of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor either be free of obstruction
                  or constructed with breakaway walls, open wood latticework or insect screening, provided
                  they are not part of the structural support of the building and are designed so as
                  to breakaway, under abnormally high tides or wave action without causing damage to
                  the elevated portion of the building or supporting foundation system or otherwise
                  jeopardizing the structural integrity of the building. The following design specifications
                  shall be met:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Material shall consist of open wood or plastic lattice having at least 40 percent
                  of its area open, or
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Insect screening; or
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Breakaway walls shall meet the following design specifications:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  (i)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Design safe loading resistance shall be not less than ten nor more than 20 pounds
                  per square foot; or
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  (ii)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Breakaway walls that exceed a design safe loading resistance of 20 pounds per square
                  foot (either by design or when so required by state or local codes) shall be certified
                  by a registered professional engineer or architect that the breakaway wall will collapse
                  from a water load less than that which would occur during the base flood event, and
                  the elevated portion of the building and supporting foundation system shall not be
                  subject to collapse, displacement, or other structural damage due to the effects of
                  wind and water loads acting simultaneously on all building components (structural
                  and non-structural). The water loading values used shall be those associated with
                  the base flood. The wind loading values used shall be those required by the North
                  Carolina State Building Code.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (4)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  All new construction and substantial improvements shall be securely anchored to pile
                  or column foundations. All pilings and columns and the structure attached thereto
                  shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement due to the effect
                  of wind and water loads acting simultaneously on all building components.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Water loading values used shall be those associated with the base flood.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Wind loading values used shall be those required by the current edition of the North
                  Carolina State Building Code.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (5)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  For concrete pads, including patios, decks, parking pads, walkways, driveways, pool
                  decks, etc., the following is required:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall be structurally independent of the primary structural foundation system of the
                  structure and shall not adversely affect structures through redirection of floodwaters
                  or debris; and
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall be constructed to breakaway cleanly during design flood conditions, shall be
                  frangible, and shall not produce debris capable of causing damage to any structure.
                  (The installation of concrete in small segments (approximately four feet x four feet)
                  that will easily break up during the base flood event, or score concrete in four feet
                  x four feet maximum segments is acceptable to meet this standard); and
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Reinforcing, including welded wire fabric, shall not be used in order to minimize
                  the potential for concreted pads being a source of debris; and
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (d)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Pad thickness shall not exceed four inches; or
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (e)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Provide a design professional's certification stating the design and method of construction
                  to be used meet the applicable criteria of this section.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (6)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  For swimming pools and spas, the following is required:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Be designed to withstand all flood-related loads and load combinations;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Be elevated so that the lowest horizontal structural member is elevated above the
                  RFPE;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Be designed and constructed to break away during design flood conditions without producing
                  debris capable of causing damage to any structure;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (d)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Be sited to remain in the ground during design flood conditions without obstructing
                  flow that results in damage to any structure;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (e)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Registered design professionals must certify to local officials that a pool or spa
                  beneath or near a VE zone building will not be subject to flotation or displacement
                  that will damage building foundations or elevated portions of the building or any
                  nearby buildings during a coastal flood;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (f)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Pool equipment shall be located above the RFPE whenever practicable. Pool equipment
                  shall not be located beneath an elevated structure.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (7)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  All elevators, vertical platform lifts, chair lifts, etc., the following is required:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Elevator enclosures must be designed to resist hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces
                  as well as erosion, scour, and waves.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Utility equipment in coastal high hazard areas (VE zones) must not be mounted on,
                  pass through, or be located along breakaway walls.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  The cab, machine/equipment room, hydraulic pump, hydraulic reservoir, counter weight
                  and roller guides, hoist cable, limit switches, electric hoist motor, electrical junction
                  box, circuit panel, and electrical control panel are all required to be above RFPE.
                  When this equipment cannot be located above the RFPE, it must be constructed using
                  flood damage-resistant components.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (d)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Elevator shafts/enclosures that extend below the RFPE shall be constructed of reinforced
                  masonry block or reinforced concrete walls and located on the landward side of the
                  building to provide increased protection from flood damage. Drainage must be provided
                  for the elevator pit.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (e)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Flood damage-resistant materials can also be used inside and outside the elevator
                  cab to reduce flood damage. Use only stainless-steel doors and door frames below the
                  BFE. Grouting in of door frames and sills is recommended.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (f)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  If an elevator is designed to provide access to areas below the BFE, it shall be equipped
                  with a float switch system that will activate during a flood and send the elevator
                  cab to a floor above the RFPE.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (8)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  Accessory structures, regardless of size or cost, shall not be permitted below elevated
                  structures.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (9)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  Fill/grading.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Minor grading and the placement of minor quantities of nonstructural fill may be permitted
                  for landscaping and for drainage purposes under and around buildings and for support
                  of parking slabs, pool decks, patios and walkways.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  The fill material must be similar and consistent with the natural soils in the area.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  The placement of site-compatible, non-structural fill under or around an elevated
                  building is limited to two feet. Fill greater than two feet must include an analysis
                  prepared by a qualified registered design professional demonstrating no harmful diversion
                  of floodwaters or wave runup and wave reflection that would increase damage to adjacent
                  elevated buildings and structures.
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (d)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Nonstructural fill with finished slopes that are steeper than five units horizontal
                  to one unit vertical shall be permitted only if an analysis prepared by a qualified
                  registered design professional demonstrates no harmful diversion of floodwaters or
                  wave runup and wave reflection that would increase damage to adjacent elevated buildings
                  and structures.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (10)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  There shall be no alteration of sand dunes or mangrove stands which would increase
                  potential flood damage.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (11)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  No manufactured homes shall be permitted except in an existing manufactured home park
                  or subdivision. A replacement manufactured home may be placed on a lot in an existing
                  manufactured home park or subdivision provided the anchoring and elevation standards
                  of this section have been satisfied.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (12)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  Recreational vehicles may be permitted in coastal high hazard areas provided that
                  they meet the recreational vehicle criteria of article V, subsection <a href="" data-chunk-id="CD_ORD_CH18FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S18-41SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14528">18-41</a>(6)(a).
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (13)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  A deck that is structurally attached to a building or structure shall have the bottom
                  of the lowest horizontal structural member at or above the regulatory flood protection
                  elevation and any supporting members that extend below the regulatory flood protection
                  elevation shall comply with the foundation requirements that apply to the building
                  or structure, which shall be designed to accommodate any increased loads resulting
                  from the attached deck. The increased loads must be considered in the design of the
                  primary structure and included in the V-zone certification required under article
                  IV, subsection <a href="" data-chunk-id="CD_ORD_CH18FLDAPR_ARTIVAD_S18-26FLDEPECERE" class="section-link" data-product-id="14528">18-26</a>(3)(f).
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (14)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  A deck or patio that is located below the regulatory flood protection elevation shall
                  be structurally independent from buildings or structures and their foundation systems
                  and shall be designed and constructed either to remain intact and in place during
                  design flood conditions or to break apart into small pieces to minimize debris during
                  flooding that is capable of causing structural damage to the building or structure
                  or to adjacent buildings and structures.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (15)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  In coastal high hazard areas, development activities other than buildings and structures
                  shall be permitted only if also authorized by the appropriate state or local authority;
                  if located outside the footprint of, and not structurally attached to, buildings and
                  structures; and if analyses prepared by qualified registered design professionals
                  demonstrate no harmful diversion of floodwaters or wave runup and wave reflection
                  that would increase damage to adjacent buildings and structures. Such other development
                  activities include, but are not limited to:
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (a)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Bulkheads, seawalls, retaining walls, revetments, and similar erosion control structures;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (b)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Solid fences and privacy walls, and fences prone to trapping debris, unless designed
                  and constructed to fail under flood conditions less than the design flood or otherwise
                  function to avoid obstruction of floodwaters;
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  (c)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Docks, piers, and similar structures.
                  </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (16)
                  </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  No more than four electrical outlets and no more than four electrical switches may
                  be permitted below RFPE unless required by building code.
                  </p>
               		
               
            <p class="historynote0">
               (<a class="ordinance-link" href="" data-product-id="14528" data-ordinance-id="1094487">Res. of 7-6-2021</a>)
               </p></div>