<div class="chunk-title">Sec. 20-102. - Specific standards.</div>
<div class="chunk-content">
            <p class="p0">
               In all special flood hazard areas where BFE data has been provided, as set forth in
               article III,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTIIIGEPR_S20-42BAESSPFLHAAR" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-42</a>, or article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-104STFLWIESBAFLEL" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-104</a>, the following provisions, in addition to the provisions of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-101GEST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-101</a>, are required:
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (1)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Residential construction.</span> New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure (including
                  manufactured homes) shall have the reference level, including basement, elevated no
                  lower than the regulatory flood protection elevation, as defined in article II of
                  this chapter.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (2)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Non-residential construction.</span> New construction and substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial, or other
                  non-residential structure shall have the reference level, including basement, elevated
                  no lower than the regulatory flood protection elevation, as defined in article II
                  of this chapter. Structures located in zones A, AE, AH, AO, A99 may be floodproofed
                  to the regulatory flood protection elevation in lieu of elevation provided that all
                  areas of the structure, together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, below
                  the regulatory flood protection elevation are watertight with walls substantially
                  impermeable to the passage of water, using structural components having the capability
                  of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and the effect of buoyancy. For AO
                  zones, the floodproofing elevation shall be in accordance with article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-109STARSHFLZOAO" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-109</a>(2). A registered professional engineer or architect shall certify that the floodproofing
                  standards of this subsection are satisfied. Such certification shall be provided to
                  the floodplain administrator as set forth in article IV,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTIVAD_S20-76FLDEAPPECERE" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-76</a>(c), along with the operational plan and the inspection and maintenance plan.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (3)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Manufactured homes.</span>
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  New and replacement manufactured homes shall be elevated so that the reference level
                  of the manufactured home is no lower than the regulatory flood protection elevation,
                  as defined in article II of this chapter.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Manufactured homes shall be securely anchored to an adequately anchored foundation
                  to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement, either by certified engineered
                  foundation system, or in accordance with the most current edition of the State of
                  North Carolina regulations for manufactured homes adopted by the commissioner of insurance
                  pursuant to G.S. 143-143.15. Additionally, when the elevation would be met by an elevation
                  of the chassis 36 inches or less above the grade at the site, the chassis shall be
                  supported by reinforced piers or engineered foundation. When the elevation of the
                  chassis is above 36 inches in height, an engineering certification is required.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  All enclosures or skirting below the lowest floor shall meet the requirements of article
                  V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-102SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-102</a>(4).
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  An evacuation plan must be developed for evacuation of all residents of all new, substantially
                  improved or substantially damaged manufactured home parks or subdivisions located
                  within flood prone areas. This plan shall be filed with and approved by the floodplain
                  administrator and the local emergency management coordinator.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (4)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Elevated buildings.</span> Fully enclosed area, of new construction and substantially improved structures, which
                  is below the lowest floor or below the lowest horizontal structural member in VE zones:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall not be designed or used for human habitation, but shall only be used for parking
                  of vehicles, building access, or limited storage of maintenance equipment used in
                  connection with the premises. Access to the enclosed area shall be the minimum necessary
                  to allow for parking of vehicles (garage door) or limited storage of maintenance equipment
                  (standard exterior door), or entry to the living area (stairway or elevator). The
                  interior portion of such enclosed area shall not be finished or partitioned into separate
                  rooms, except to enclose storage areas;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall not be temperature-controlled or conditioned;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall be constructed entirely of flood resistant materials at least to the regulatory
                  flood protection elevation; and
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall include, in zones A, AE, AH, AO, A99 flood openings to automatically equalize
                  hydrostatic flood forces on walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters.
                  To meet this requirement, the openings must either be certified by a professional
                  engineer or architect or meet or exceed the following minimum design criteria:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  1.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  A minimum of two flood openings on different sides of each enclosed area subject to
                  flooding;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  2.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  The total net area of all flood openings must be at least one square inch for each
                  square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  3.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  If a building has more than one enclosed area, each enclosed area must have flood
                  openings to allow floodwaters to automatically enter and exit;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  4.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  The bottom of all required flood openings shall be no higher than one foot above the
                  higher of the interior or exterior adjacent grade;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  5.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Flood openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, or other coverings or devices,
                  provided they permit the automatic flow of floodwaters in both directions; and
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  6.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Enclosures made of flexible skirting are not considered enclosures for regulatory
                  purposes, and, therefore, do not require flood openings. Masonry or wood underpinning,
                  regardless of structural status, is considered an enclosure and requires flood openings
                  as outlined above.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  e.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Shall, in coastal high hazard areas (zone VE), meet the requirements of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-107COHIHAARZOVE" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-107</a>.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (5)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Additions/improvements.</span>
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Additions and/or improvements to pre-FIRM structures when the addition and/or improvements
                  in combination with any interior modifications to the existing structure are:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  1.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Not a substantial improvement, the addition and/or improvements must be designed to
                  minimize flood damages and must not be any more non-conforming than the existing structure.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  2.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  A substantial improvement, with modifications/rehabilitations/improvements to the
                  existing structure or the common wall is structurally modified more than installing
                  a doorway; both the existing structure and the addition must comply with the standards
                  for new construction.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Additions to pre-FIRM or post-FIRM structures that are a substantial improvement with
                  no modifications/rehabilitations/improvements to the existing structure other than
                  a standard door in the common wall shall require only the addition to comply with
                  the standards for new construction.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Additions and/or improvements to post-FIRM structures when the addition and/or improvements
                  in combination with any interior modifications to the existing structure are:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  1.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Not a substantial improvement, the addition and/or improvements only must comply with
                  the standards for new construction consistent with the code and requirements for the
                  original structure.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  2.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  A substantial improvement, both the existing structure and the addition and/or improvements
                  must comply with the standards for new construction.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (6)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Recreational vehicles.</span> Recreational vehicles shall either:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Temporary placement.</span>
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  1.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Be on site for fewer than 180 consecutive days; or
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  2.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Be fully licensed and ready for highway use. (A recreational vehicle is ready for
                  highway use if it is on its wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only
                  by quick disconnect type utilities, and has no permanently attached additions.)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Permanent placement.</span> Recreational vehicles that do not meet the limitations of temporary placement shall
                  meet all the requirements for new construction.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (7)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  Temporary non-residential structures. Prior to the issuance of a floodplain development
                  permit for a temporary structure, the applicant must submit to the floodplain administrator
                  a plan for the removal of such structure(s) in the event of a hurricane, flash flood
                  or other type of flood warning notification. The following information shall be submitted
                  in writing to the floodplain administrator for review and written approval:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  A specified time period for which the temporary use will be permitted. Time specified
                  may not exceed three months, renewable up to one year;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  The name, address, and phone number of the individual responsible for the removal
                  of the temporary structure;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  The time frame prior to the event at which a structure will be removed (i.e., minimum
                  of 72 hours before landfall of a hurricane or immediately upon flood warning notification);
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  A copy of the contract or other suitable instrument with the entity responsible for
                  physical removal of the structure; and
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  e.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Designation, accompanied by documentation, of a location outside the special flood
                  hazard area, to which the temporary structure will be moved.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (8)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Accessory structures.</span> When accessory structures (sheds, detached garages, etc.) are to be placed within
                  a special flood hazard area, the following criteria shall be met:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures shall not be used for human habitation (including working, sleeping,
                  living, cooking or restroom areas);
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures shall not be temperature-controlled;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures shall be designed to have low flood damage potential;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures shall be constructed and placed on the building site so as to
                  offer the minimum resistance to the flow of floodwaters;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures shall be firmly anchored in accordance with the provisions of
                  article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-101GEST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-101</a>(1);
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  e.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Accessory structures, regardless of the size or cost, shall not be placed below elevated
                  buildings in V and VE zones;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  f.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  All service facilities such as electrical shall be installed in accordance with the
                  provisions of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-101GEST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-101</a>(4); and
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  g.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Flood openings to facilitate automatic equalization of hydrostatic flood forces shall
                  be provided below regulatory flood protection elevation in conformance with the provisions
                  of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-102SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-102</a>(4)d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="b2">
                  An accessory structure with a footprint less than 150 square foot or that is a minimal
                  investment of $5,000.00 or less and satisfies the criteria outlined above is not required
                  to meet the elevation or floodproofing standards of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-102SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-102</a>(2). Elevation or floodproofing certifications are required for all other accessory
                  structures in accordance with article IV,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTIVAD_S20-76FLDEAPPECERE" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-76</a>(c).
                  
               </p>
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (9)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Tanks.</span> When gas and liquid storage tanks are to be placed within a special flood hazard
                  area, the following criteria shall be met:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Underground tanks.</span> Underground tanks in flood hazard areas shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse
                  or lateral movement resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads during conditions
                  of the design flood, including the effects of buoyancy assuming the tank is empty;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Above-ground tanks, elevated.</span> Above-ground tanks in flood hazard areas shall be elevated to or above the regulatory
                  flood protection elevation on a supporting structure that is designed to prevent flotation,
                  collapse or lateral movement during conditions of the design flood. Tank-supporting
                  structures shall meet the foundation requirements of the applicable flood hazard area;
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Above-ground tanks not elevated.</span> Above-ground tanks that do not meet the elevation requirements of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-102SPST" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-102</a>(2) shall not be permitted in V or VE zones. Tanks may be permitted in other flood
                  hazard areas provided the tanks are designed, constructed, installed, and anchored
                  to resist all flood-related and other loads, including the effects of buoyancy, during
                  conditions of the design flood and without release of contents in the floodwaters
                  or infiltration by floodwaters into the tanks. Tanks shall be designed, constructed,
                  installed, and anchored to resist the potential buoyant and other flood forces acting
                  on an empty tank during design flood conditions.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  <span class="ital">Tank inlets and vents.</span> Tank inlets, fill openings, outlets and vents shall be:
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  1.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  At or above the regulatory flood protection elevation or fitted with covers designed
                  to prevent the inflow of floodwater or outflow of the contents of the tanks during
                  conditions of the design flood; and
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr3">
                  2.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content4">
                  Anchored to prevent lateral movement resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads,
                  including the effects of buoyancy, during conditions of the design flood.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
               <p class="incr1">
                  (10)
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content2">
                  <span class="ital">Other development.</span>
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  a.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Fences in regulated floodways and NEAs that have the potential to block the passage
                  of floodwaters, such as stockade fences and wire mesh fences, shall meet the limitations
                  of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-106FLNCRAR" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-106</a>.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  b.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Retaining walls, sidewalks and driveways in regulated floodways and NEAs. Retaining
                  walls and sidewalks and driveways that involve the placement of fill in regulated
                  floodways shall meet the limitations of article V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-106FLNCRAR" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-106</a>.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  c.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Roads and watercourse crossings in regulated floodways and NEAs. Roads and watercourse
                  crossings, including roads, bridges, culverts, low-water crossings and similar means
                  for vehicles or pedestrians to travel from one side of a watercourse to the other
                  side, that encroach into regulated floodways shall meet the limitations of article
                  V,<a href="" data-chunk-id="PTIICOOR_CH20FLDAPR_ARTVPRFLHARE_S20-106FLNCRAR" class="section-link" data-product-id="14661"> section 20-106</a>.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="incr2">
                  d.
                  
               </p>
               		
               <p class="content3">
                  Commercial storage facilities are not considered "limited storage" as noted in this
                  chapter, and shall be protected to the regulatory flood protection elevation as required
                  for commercial structures.
                  
               </p>
               		
               
            
            <p class="historynote0">
               (Ord. of
               <a class="ordinance-link" href="" data-product-id="14661" data-ordinance-id="1056458">
                  6-1-2020(5)
                  </a>
               , art. 5, Â§ B)
               
            </p></div>