Defendant is on trial for participating in a drug sale. The prosecution calls Witness, an undercover officer, to testify that, when Seller sold the drugs to Witness, Seller introduced Defendant to Witness as "my partner in this" and Defendant shook hands with Witness but said nothing. Witness's testimony is 
inadmissible, because there is no evidence that Seller was authorized to speak for Defendant.  inadmissible, because the statement of Seller is hearsay not within any exception.  admissible as a statement against Defendant's penal interest. admissible as Defendant's adoption of Seller's statement.