Congress enacts a law providing that all disagreements between the United States and a state over federal grant-in-aid funds shall be settled by the filing of a suit in the federal district court in the affected state. "The judgment of that federal court shall be transmitted to the head of the federal agency dispensing such funds who, if satisfied that the judgment is fair and lawful, shall execute the judgment according to its terms." This law is
constitutional, because disagreements over federal grant-in-aid funds necessarily involve federal questions within the judicial power of the United States.  constitutional, because the spending of federal monies necessarily includes the authority to provide for the effective settlement of disputes involving them.  unconstitutional, because it vests authority in the federal court to determine a matter prohibited to it by the Eleventh Amendment.  unconstitutional, because it vests authority in a federal court to render an advisory opinion