Phil is suing Dennis for injuries suffered in an automobile collision. At trial Phil's first witness, Wanda, testified that, although she did not see the accident, she heard her friend Frank say just before the crash, "Look at the crazy way old Dennis is driving!" Dennis offers evidence to impeach Frank by asking Wanda, "Isn't it true that Frank beat up Dennis just the day before the collision?" The question is 
proper, because it tends to show the possible bias of Frank against Dennis.  proper, because it tends to show Frank's character.  improper, because Frank has no opportunity to explain or deny.  improper, because impeachment cannot properly be by specific instances. 