Art, who owned Blackacre in fee simple, conveyed Blackacre to Bea by warranty deed. Celia, an adjoining owner, asserted title to Blackacre and brought an appropriate action against Bea to quiet title to Blackacre. Bea demanded that Art defend Bea's title under the deed's covenant of warranty, but Art refused. Bea then successfully defended at her own expense. Bea brought an appropriate action against Art to recover Bea's expenses incurred in defending against Celia's action to quiet title to Blackacre. In this action, the court should decide for 
Bea, because in effect it was Art's title that was challenged.  Bea, because Art's deed to her included the covenant of warranty.  Art, because the title Art conveyed was not defective.  Art, because Celia may elect which of Art or Bea to sue. 