 Dear Fellow Scholars, this is 2 Minute Papers with Dr. Karajon A. Fahir. I am stunned by this no-graphics paper that promises to simulate 3 way coupling and enables beautiful surface tangent simulations like this and this and more. Yes, none of this is real footage. These are all simulated on a computer. I have seen quite a few simulations and I am still baffled by this. How is this even possible? Also 3 way coupling, eh? That is quite peculiar to the point that the term doesn't even sound real. Let's find out why together. So what does that mean exactly? Well, first let's have a look at one way coupling. As the box moves here, it has an effect on the smoke plume around it. This example also showcases one way coupling where the falling plate stirs up the smoke around it. And now on to 2 way coupling. In this case, similarly to previous ones, the boxes are allowed to move the smoke, but the added 2 way coupling part means that now the smoke is also allowed to blow away the boxes. What's more, the vertices here on the right were even able to suspend the red box in the air for a few seconds, an excellent demonstration of a beautiful phenomenon. So coupling means interaction between different kinds of objects and 2 way coupling seems like the real deal. Here it is also required to compute how this fiery smoke trail propels the rocket upward. First way, we just mentioned that the new method performs 3 way coupling. 2 way was solid fluid interactions and it seemed absolutely amazing, so what is the third element then? And why do we even need that? Well, depending on what object is in contact with the liquid, gravity, buoyancy and surface tension forces need additional considerations. To be able to do this, now look carefully. Yes, there is the third element, it simulates this thin liquid membrane tool which is in interaction with the solid and the fluid at the same time. And with that, please meet 3 way coupling. So what can it do? It can simulate this paperclip floating on water. That is quite remarkable because the density of the paperclip is 8 times as much as the water itself and yet it still sits on top of the water. But, how is that possible? It's specially given that gravity wants to constantly pull down a solid object. Well, it has 2 formidable opponents, 2 forces that try to counteract it, 1 is buoyancy, which is an upward force and 2 the capillary force which is a consequence of the formation of a thin membrane. If these 2 friends are as strong as gravity, the object will float. But, this balance is very delicate, for instance, in the case of milk and cherries, this happens. And during that time, the simulator creates a beautiful, bent liquid surface that is truly a sight to behold. Once again, all of this footage is simulated on a computer. The fact that this new work can simulate these 3 physical systems is a true miracle. Absolutely incredible. Now, if you have been holding onto your paper so far, squeeze that paper because we will now do my favorite thing in any simulation paper and that is when we let reality be our judge and compare the simulated results to real footage. This is a photograph. And now comes the simulation. Whoa! I have to say, if no one told me which is which, I might not be able to tell. And I am delighted to know and by this fact so much so that I had to ask the authors to double check if this really is a simulation and they managed to reproduce the illumination of these scenes perfectly. Yes, they did. Fantastic attention to detail. Very impressive. So how long do we have to wait for all this? For a two-dimensional scene, it pretty much runs interactively. That is, great news. And we are firmly in the second-per-frame region for the 3D scenes, but look, the boat and leave scene runs in less than two seconds per time step. That is absolutely amazing. Not real time because one frame contains several time steps, but why would it be real time? This is the kind of paper that makes something previously impossible, possible, and it even does that swiftly. I would wager we are just one or at most two more papers away from getting this in real time. This is unbelievable progress in just one paper. And all handcrafted, no learning algorithms anywhere to be seen. Huge congratulations to the authors. What a time to be alive. Our Saptilabs is a visual API for TensorFlow carefully designed to make machine learning as intuitive as possible. This gives you a faster way to build out models with more transparency into how your model is architected, how it performs, and how to debug it. Look, it lets you toggle between the visual modeler and the code editor. It even generates visualizations for all the model variables and gives you recommendations both during modeling and training and does all this automatically. I only wish I had a tool like this when I was working on my neural networks during my PhD years. Visit perceptilabs.com slash papers to easily install the free local version of their system today. Our thanks to perceptilabs for their support and for helping us make better videos for you. Thanks for watching and for your generous support and I'll see you next time.